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Huang H, Li R, Qiao X, Li X, Li Z, Chen S, Yao Y, Wang F, Zhang X, Lin K, Zhang J. Attentional control influence habituation through modulation of connectivity patterns within the prefrontal cortex: Insights from stereo-EEG. Neuroimage 2024; 294:120640. [PMID: 38719154 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Attentional control, guided by top-down processes, enables selective focus on pertinent information, while habituation, influenced by bottom-up factors and prior experiences, shapes cognitive responses by emphasizing stimulus relevance. These two fundamental processes collaborate to regulate cognitive behavior, with the prefrontal cortex and its subregions playing a pivotal role. Nevertheless, the intricate neural mechanisms underlying the interaction between attentional control and habituation are still a subject of ongoing exploration. To our knowledge, there is a dearth of comprehensive studies on the functional connectivity between subsystems within the prefrontal cortex during attentional control processes in both primates and humans. Utilizing stereo-electroencephalogram (SEEG) recordings during the Stroop task, we observed top-down dominance effects and corresponding connectivity patterns among the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during heightened attentional control. These findings highlighting the involvement of OFC in habituation through top-down attention. Our study unveils unique connectivity profiles, shedding light on the neural interplay between top-down and bottom-up attentional control processes, shaping goal-directed attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Huang
- Brain Cognition and Computing Lab, National Engineering Research Center for E-learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Brain Cognition and Intelligent Computing Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rui Li
- Brain Cognition and Computing Lab, National Engineering Research Center for E-learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojun Qiao
- Brain Cognition and Computing Lab, National Engineering Research Center for E-learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Brain Cognition and Intelligent Computing Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ziyue Li
- Brain Cognition and Intelligent Computing Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Brain Cognition and Intelligent Computing Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fengpeng Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kaomin Lin
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Junsong Zhang
- Brain Cognition and Intelligent Computing Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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2
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Das A, Sheffield AG, Nandy AS, Jadi MP. Brain-state mediated modulation of inter-laminar dependencies in visual cortex. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5105. [PMID: 38877026 PMCID: PMC11178935 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial attention is critical for recognizing behaviorally relevant objects in a cluttered environment. How the deployment of spatial attention aids the hierarchical computations of object recognition remains unclear. We investigated this in the laminar cortical network of visual area V4, an area strongly modulated by attention. We found that deployment of attention strengthened unique dependencies in neural activity across cortical layers. On the other hand, shared dependencies were reduced within the excitatory population of a layer. Surprisingly, attention strengthened unique dependencies within a laminar population. Crucially, these modulation patterns were also observed during successful behavioral outcomes that are thought to be mediated by internal brain state fluctuations. Successful behavioral outcomes were also associated with phases of reduced neural excitability, suggesting a mechanism for enhanced information transfer during optimal states. Our results suggest common computation goals of optimal sensory states that are attained by either task demands or internal fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Design and Patterning AI Group, Intel Corp., Hillsboro, Oregon, 97124, USA
| | - Alec G Sheffield
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Anirvan S Nandy
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Monika P Jadi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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3
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Harlow TJ, Marquez SM, Bressler S, Read HL. Individualized Closed-Loop Acoustic Stimulation Suggests an Alpha Phase Dependence of Sound Evoked and Induced Brain Activity Measured with EEG Recordings. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0511-23.2024. [PMID: 38834300 PMCID: PMC11181104 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0511-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Following repetitive visual stimulation, post hoc phase analysis finds that visually evoked response magnitudes vary with the cortical alpha oscillation phase that temporally coincides with sensory stimulus. This approach has not successfully revealed an alpha phase dependence for auditory evoked or induced responses. Here, we test the feasibility of tracking alpha with scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings and play sounds phase-locked to individualized alpha phases in real-time using a novel end-point corrected Hilbert transform (ecHT) algorithm implemented on a research device. Based on prior work, we hypothesize that sound-evoked and induced responses vary with the alpha phase at sound onset and the alpha phase that coincides with the early sound-evoked response potential (ERP) measured with EEG. Thus, we use each subject's individualized alpha frequency (IAF) and individual auditory ERP latency to define target trough and peak alpha phases that allow an early component of the auditory ERP to align to the estimated poststimulus peak and trough phases, respectively. With this closed-loop and individualized approach, we find opposing alpha phase-dependent effects on the auditory ERP and alpha oscillations that follow stimulus onset. Trough and peak phase-locked sounds result in distinct evoked and induced post-stimulus alpha level and frequency modulations. Though additional studies are needed to localize the sources underlying these phase-dependent effects, these results suggest a general principle for alpha phase-dependence of sensory processing that includes the auditory system. Moreover, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using individualized neurophysiological indices to deliver automated, closed-loop, phase-locked auditory stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tylor J Harlow
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Brain-Computer Interface Core, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Samantha M Marquez
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Scott Bressler
- Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Heather L Read
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Brain-Computer Interface Core, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
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4
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Tune S, Obleser J. Neural attentional filters and behavioural outcome follow independent individual trajectories over the adult lifespan. eLife 2024; 12:RP92079. [PMID: 38470243 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserved communication abilities promote healthy ageing. To this end, the age-typical loss of sensory acuity might in part be compensated for by an individual's preserved attentional neural filtering. Is such a compensatory brain-behaviour link longitudinally stable? Can it predict individual change in listening behaviour? We here show that individual listening behaviour and neural filtering ability follow largely independent developmental trajectories modelling electroencephalographic and behavioural data of N = 105 ageing individuals (39-82 y). First, despite the expected decline in hearing-threshold-derived sensory acuity, listening-task performance proved stable over 2 y. Second, neural filtering and behaviour were correlated only within each separate measurement timepoint (T1, T2). Longitudinally, however, our results raise caution on attention-guided neural filtering metrics as predictors of individual trajectories in listening behaviour: neither neural filtering at T1 nor its 2-year change could predict individual 2-year behavioural change, under a combination of modelling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tune
- Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jonas Obleser
- Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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5
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Wikman P, Salmela V, Sjöblom E, Leminen M, Laine M, Alho K. Attention to audiovisual speech shapes neural processing through feedback-feedforward loops between different nodes of the speech network. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002534. [PMID: 38466713 PMCID: PMC10957087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective attention-related top-down modulation plays a significant role in separating relevant speech from irrelevant background speech when vocal attributes separating concurrent speakers are small and continuously evolving. Electrophysiological studies have shown that such top-down modulation enhances neural tracking of attended speech. Yet, the specific cortical regions involved remain unclear due to the limited spatial resolution of most electrophysiological techniques. To overcome such limitations, we collected both electroencephalography (EEG) (high temporal resolution) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (high spatial resolution), while human participants selectively attended to speakers in audiovisual scenes containing overlapping cocktail party speech. To utilise the advantages of the respective techniques, we analysed neural tracking of speech using the EEG data and performed representational dissimilarity-based EEG-fMRI fusion. We observed that attention enhanced neural tracking and modulated EEG correlates throughout the latencies studied. Further, attention-related enhancement of neural tracking fluctuated in predictable temporal profiles. We discuss how such temporal dynamics could arise from a combination of interactions between attention and prediction as well as plastic properties of the auditory cortex. EEG-fMRI fusion revealed attention-related iterative feedforward-feedback loops between hierarchically organised nodes of the ventral auditory object related processing stream. Our findings support models where attention facilitates dynamic neural changes in the auditory cortex, ultimately aiding discrimination of relevant sounds from irrelevant ones while conserving neural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Wikman
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Viljami Salmela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eetu Sjöblom
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miika Leminen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- AI and Analytics Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Laine
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Kimmo Alho
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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6
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Dura-Bernal S, Griffith EY, Barczak A, O'Connell MN, McGinnis T, Moreira JVS, Schroeder CE, Lytton WW, Lakatos P, Neymotin SA. Data-driven multiscale model of macaque auditory thalamocortical circuits reproduces in vivo dynamics. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113378. [PMID: 37925640 PMCID: PMC10727489 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a detailed model of macaque auditory thalamocortical circuits, including primary auditory cortex (A1), medial geniculate body (MGB), and thalamic reticular nucleus, utilizing the NEURON simulator and NetPyNE tool. The A1 model simulates a cortical column with over 12,000 neurons and 25 million synapses, incorporating data on cell-type-specific neuron densities, morphology, and connectivity across six cortical layers. It is reciprocally connected to the MGB thalamus, which includes interneurons and core and matrix-layer-specific projections to A1. The model simulates multiscale measures, including physiological firing rates, local field potentials (LFPs), current source densities (CSDs), and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Laminar CSD patterns, during spontaneous activity and in response to broadband noise stimulus trains, mirror experimental findings. Physiological oscillations emerge spontaneously across frequency bands comparable to those recorded in vivo. We elucidate population-specific contributions to observed oscillation events and relate them to firing and presynaptic input patterns. The model offers a quantitative theoretical framework to integrate and interpret experimental data and predict its underlying cellular and circuit mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Dura-Bernal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
| | - Erica Y Griffith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
| | - Annamaria Barczak
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Monica N O'Connell
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Tammy McGinnis
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Joao V S Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William W Lytton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Peter Lakatos
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel A Neymotin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Mishra B, Tarai S, Ratre V, Bit A. Processing of attentional and emotional stimuli depends on retrospective response of foot pressure: Conceptualizing neuron-cognitive distribution in human brain. Comput Biol Med 2023; 164:107186. [PMID: 37480678 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive function of human brain requires temporal execution of emotional or attentional tasks, or their inter-dependence influences. Smooth execution of such tasks requires spontaneous distribution of cognitive load at specific regions of brain based on its classification. A strong connectivity between peripheral sensors and central nervous system is thought to assist the cognitive load distribution effectively. Novelty of current study evaluates the modulation of foot pressure and its mapping with distributed cognitive load while executing attentional biased emotional tasks. Emotional stimulus in form of happy and sad faces with attentional paradigm drawn on them were used in the study. Behavioral results were measured with respect to the analysis of response time (RT) and response accuracy (%). Neurological signals were acquired using 10-channel EEG data acquisition system, whereas, another 6 channels were used to measure foot pressure in the left and right feet at three different locations of foot. Acquired signals were further analyzed in time and frequency domains to interpret the cognitive load distribution, and the influence of foot pressure on distribution of cognitive loads. We found that the foot pressure accelerated the response accuracy rate in attending the local scope of attention, which was not in the case of global scope of attention. This means that the global attention does not require any pressure from peripheral sensory neurons. Our event related potential (ERP) results revealed that the early sensory negative N100 characterized the processing of global scope of attention coupled with high-foot pressure. However, the late positive peak of P300 and P600 associated with local scope of attention along with high-foot pressure. The global scope of attention with low-foot pressure modulates delta and theta oscillations. These results largely contribute to the literature on cognitive neuroscience of attention and it corelation with the peripheral sensory foot pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Mishra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| | - Shashikanta Tarai
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| | - Vinod Ratre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| | - Arindam Bit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India.
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8
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Rosso M, Moens B, Leman M, Moumdjian L. Neural entrainment underpins sensorimotor synchronization to dynamic rhythmic stimuli. Neuroimage 2023; 277:120226. [PMID: 37321359 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural entrainment, defined as unidirectional synchronization of neural oscillations to an external rhythmic stimulus, is a topic of major interest in the field of neuroscience. Despite broad scientific consensus on its existence, on its pivotal role in sensory and motor processes, and on its fundamental definition, empirical research struggles in quantifying it with non-invasive electrophysiology. To this date, broadly adopted state-of-the-art methods still fail to capture the dynamic underlying the phenomenon. Here, we present event-related frequency adjustment (ERFA) as a methodological framework to induce and to measure neural entrainment in human participants, optimized for multivariate EEG datasets. By applying dynamic phase and tempo perturbations to isochronous auditory metronomes during a finger-tapping task, we analyzed adaptive changes in instantaneous frequency of entrained oscillatory components during error correction. Spatial filter design allowed us to untangle, from the multivariate EEG signal, perceptual and sensorimotor oscillatory components attuned to the stimulation frequency. Both components dynamically adjusted their frequency in response to perturbations, tracking the stimulus dynamics by slowing down and speeding up the oscillation over time. Source separation revealed that sensorimotor processing enhanced the entrained response, supporting the notion that the active engagement of the motor system plays a critical role in processing rhythmic stimuli. In the case of phase shift, motor engagement was a necessary condition to observe any response, whereas sustained tempo changes induced frequency adjustment even in the perceptual oscillatory component. Although the magnitude of the perturbations was controlled across positive and negative direction, we observed a general bias in the frequency adjustments towards positive changes, which points at the effect of intrinsic dynamics constraining neural entrainment. We conclude that our findings provide compelling evidence for neural entrainment as mechanism underlying overt sensorimotor synchronization, and highlight that our methodology offers a paradigm and a measure for quantifying its oscillatory dynamics by means of non-invasive electrophysiology, rigorously informed by the fundamental definition of entrainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Rosso
- IPEM Institute for Systematic Musicology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Université de Lille, ULR 4072 - PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, Lille, France.
| | - Bart Moens
- IPEM Institute for Systematic Musicology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Leman
- IPEM Institute for Systematic Musicology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lousin Moumdjian
- IPEM Institute for Systematic Musicology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; UMSC Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium
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9
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Large EW, Roman I, Kim JC, Cannon J, Pazdera JK, Trainor LJ, Rinzel J, Bose A. Dynamic models for musical rhythm perception and coordination. Front Comput Neurosci 2023; 17:1151895. [PMID: 37265781 PMCID: PMC10229831 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2023.1151895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythmicity permeates large parts of human experience. Humans generate various motor and brain rhythms spanning a range of frequencies. We also experience and synchronize to externally imposed rhythmicity, for example from music and song or from the 24-h light-dark cycles of the sun. In the context of music, humans have the ability to perceive, generate, and anticipate rhythmic structures, for example, "the beat." Experimental and behavioral studies offer clues about the biophysical and neural mechanisms that underlie our rhythmic abilities, and about different brain areas that are involved but many open questions remain. In this paper, we review several theoretical and computational approaches, each centered at different levels of description, that address specific aspects of musical rhythmic generation, perception, attention, perception-action coordination, and learning. We survey methods and results from applications of dynamical systems theory, neuro-mechanistic modeling, and Bayesian inference. Some frameworks rely on synchronization of intrinsic brain rhythms that span the relevant frequency range; some formulations involve real-time adaptation schemes for error-correction to align the phase and frequency of a dedicated circuit; others involve learning and dynamically adjusting expectations to make rhythm tracking predictions. Each of the approaches, while initially designed to answer specific questions, offers the possibility of being integrated into a larger framework that provides insights into our ability to perceive and generate rhythmic patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W. Large
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States
| | - Iran Roman
- Music and Audio Research Laboratory, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ji Chul Kim
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States
| | - Jonathan Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jesse K. Pazdera
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Laurel J. Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John Rinzel
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amitabha Bose
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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10
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Nandi B, Ostrand A, Johnson V, Ford TJ, Gazzaley A, Zanto TP. Musical Training Facilitates Exogenous Temporal Attention via Delta Phase Entrainment within a Sensorimotor Network. J Neurosci 2023; 43:3365-3378. [PMID: 36977585 PMCID: PMC10162458 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0220-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal orienting of attention plays an important role in our day-to-day lives and can use timing information from exogenous or endogenous sources. Yet, it is unclear what neural mechanisms give rise to temporal attention, and it is debated whether both exogenous and endogenous forms of temporal attention share a common neural source. Here, older adult nonmusicians (N = 47, 24 female) were randomized to undergo 8 weeks of either rhythm training, which places demands on exogenous temporal attention, or word search training as a control. The goal was to assess (1) the neural basis of exogenous temporal attention and (2) whether training-induced improvements in exogenous temporal attention can transfer to enhanced endogenous temporal attention abilities, thereby providing support for a common neural mechanism of temporal attention. Before and after training, exogenous temporal attention was assessed using a rhythmic synchronization paradigm, whereas endogenous temporal attention was evaluated via a temporally cued visual discrimination task. Results showed that rhythm training improved performance on the exogenous temporal attention task, which was associated with increased intertrial coherence within the δ (1-4 Hz) band as assessed by EEG recordings. Source localization revealed increased δ-band intertrial coherence arose from a sensorimotor network, including premotor cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus, and the inferior parietal lobule. Despite these improvements in exogenous temporal attention, such benefits were not transferred to endogenous attentional ability. These results support the notion that exogenous and endogenous temporal attention uses independent neural sources, with exogenous temporal attention relying on the precise timing of δ band oscillations within a sensorimotor network.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Allocating attention to specific points in time is known as temporal attention, and may arise from external (exogenous) or internal (endogenous) sources. Despite its importance to our daily lives, it is unclear how the brain gives rise to temporal attention and whether exogenous- or endogenous-based sources for temporal attention rely on shared brain regions. Here, we demonstrate that musical rhythm training improves exogenous temporal attention, which was associated with more consistent timing of neural activity in sensory and motor processing brain regions. However, these benefits did not extend to endogenous temporal attention, indicating that temporal attention relies on different brain regions depending on the source of timing information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijurika Nandi
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Avery Ostrand
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Vinith Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Tiffany J Ford
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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11
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Abstract
Sensory processing, short-term memory, and decision-making often deal with multiple items, or options, simultaneously. I review evidence suggesting that the brain handles such multiple items by "rhythmic attentional scanning (RAS)": each item is processed in a separate cycle of the theta rhythm, involving several gamma cycles, to reach an internally consistent representation in the form of a gamma-synchronized neuronal group. Within each theta cycle, items that are extended in representational space are scanned by traveling waves. Such scanning might go across small numbers of simple items linked into a chunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Fries
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EN Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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12
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Kurthen I, Christen A, Meyer M, Giroud N. Older adults' neural tracking of interrupted speech is a function of task difficulty. Neuroimage 2022; 262:119580. [PMID: 35995377 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss is a highly prevalent condition, which manifests at both the auditory periphery and the brain. It leads to degraded auditory input, which needs to be repaired in order to achieve understanding of spoken language. It is still unclear how older adults with this condition draw on their neural resources to optimally process speech. By presenting interrupted speech to 26 healthy older adults with normal-for-age audiograms, this study investigated neural tracking of degraded auditory input. The electroencephalograms of the participants were recorded while they first listened to and then verbally repeated sentences interrupted by silence in varying interruption rates. Speech tracking was measured by inter-trial phase coherence in response to the stimuli. In interruption rates that corresponded to the theta frequency band, speech tracking was highly specific to the interruption rate and positively related to the understanding of interrupted speech. These results suggest that older adults' brain activity optimizes through the tracking of stimulus characteristics, and that this tracking aids in processing an incomplete auditory stimulus. Further investigation of speech tracking as a candidate training mechanism to alleviate age-related hearing loss is thus encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Kurthen
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14/21, Zurich 8050, Switzerland.
| | - Allison Christen
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14/21, Zurich 8050, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- Department of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Nathalie Giroud
- Department of Computational Linguistics, Phonetics and Speech Sciences, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Competence Center for Language & Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Neuroscience Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Morrill RJ, Bigelow J, DeKloe J, Hasenstaub AR. Audiovisual task switching rapidly modulates sound encoding in mouse auditory cortex. eLife 2022; 11:e75839. [PMID: 35980027 PMCID: PMC9427107 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In everyday behavior, sensory systems are in constant competition for attentional resources, but the cellular and circuit-level mechanisms of modality-selective attention remain largely uninvestigated. We conducted translaminar recordings in mouse auditory cortex (AC) during an audiovisual (AV) attention shifting task. Attending to sound elements in an AV stream reduced both pre-stimulus and stimulus-evoked spiking activity, primarily in deep-layer neurons and neurons without spectrotemporal tuning. Despite reduced spiking, stimulus decoder accuracy was preserved, suggesting improved sound encoding efficiency. Similarly, task-irrelevant mapping stimuli during inter-trial intervals evoked fewer spikes without impairing stimulus encoding, indicating that attentional modulation generalized beyond training stimuli. Importantly, spiking reductions predicted trial-to-trial behavioral accuracy during auditory attention, but not visual attention. Together, these findings suggest auditory attention facilitates sound discrimination by filtering sound-irrelevant background activity in AC, and that the deepest cortical layers serve as a hub for integrating extramodal contextual information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Morrill
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - James Bigelow
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jefferson DeKloe
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Andrea R Hasenstaub
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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14
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Kachlicka M, Laffere A, Dick F, Tierney A. Slow phase-locked modulations support selective attention to sound. Neuroimage 2022; 252:119024. [PMID: 35231629 PMCID: PMC9133470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To make sense of complex soundscapes, listeners must select and attend to task-relevant streams while ignoring uninformative sounds. One possible neural mechanism underlying this process is alignment of endogenous oscillations with the temporal structure of the target sound stream. Such a mechanism has been suggested to mediate attentional modulation of neural phase-locking to the rhythms of attended sounds. However, such modulations are compatible with an alternate framework, where attention acts as a filter that enhances exogenously-driven neural auditory responses. Here we attempted to test several predictions arising from the oscillatory account by playing two tone streams varying across conditions in tone duration and presentation rate; participants attended to one stream or listened passively. Attentional modulation of the evoked waveform was roughly sinusoidal and scaled with rate, while the passive response did not. However, there was only limited evidence for continuation of modulations through the silence between sequences. These results suggest that attentionally-driven changes in phase alignment reflect synchronization of slow endogenous activity with the temporal structure of attended stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kachlicka
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, England
| | - Aeron Laffere
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, England
| | - Fred Dick
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, England; Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England
| | - Adam Tierney
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, England.
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15
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Attaheri A, Panayiotou D, Phillips A, Ní Choisdealbha Á, Di Liberto GM, Rocha S, Brusini P, Mead N, Flanagan S, Olawole-Scott H, Goswami U. Cortical Tracking of Sung Speech in Adults vs Infants: A Developmental Analysis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:842447. [PMID: 35495026 PMCID: PMC9039340 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.842447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we duplicate a neural tracking paradigm, previously published with infants (aged 4 to 11 months), with adult participants, in order to explore potential developmental similarities and differences in entrainment. Adults listened and watched passively as nursery rhymes were sung or chanted in infant-directed speech. Whole-head EEG (128 channels) was recorded, and cortical tracking of the sung speech in the delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz) and alpha (8–12 Hz) frequency bands was computed using linear decoders (multivariate Temporal Response Function models, mTRFs). Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) was also computed to assess whether delta and theta phases temporally organize higher-frequency amplitudes for adults in the same pattern as found in the infant brain. Similar to previous infant participants, the adults showed significant cortical tracking of the sung speech in both delta and theta bands. However, the frequencies associated with peaks in stimulus-induced spectral power (PSD) in the two populations were different. PAC was also different in the adults compared to the infants. PAC was stronger for theta- versus delta- driven coupling in adults but was equal for delta- versus theta-driven coupling in infants. Adults also showed a stimulus-induced increase in low alpha power that was absent in infants. This may suggest adult recruitment of other cognitive processes, possibly related to comprehension or attention. The comparative data suggest that while infant and adult brains utilize essentially the same cortical mechanisms to track linguistic input, the operation of and interplay between these mechanisms may change with age and language experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Attaheri
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Adam Attaheri,
| | - Dimitris Panayiotou
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alessia Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Áine Ní Choisdealbha
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni M. Di Liberto
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR 8248, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sinead Rocha
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Perrine Brusini
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Mead
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Flanagan
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Olawole-Scott
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Usha Goswami
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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16
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Attaheri A, Choisdealbha ÁN, Di Liberto GM, Rocha S, Brusini P, Mead N, Olawole-Scott H, Boutris P, Gibbon S, Williams I, Grey C, Flanagan S, Goswami U. Delta- and theta-band cortical tracking and phase-amplitude coupling to sung speech by infants. Neuroimage 2021; 247:118698. [PMID: 34798233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The amplitude envelope of speech carries crucial low-frequency acoustic information that assists linguistic decoding at multiple time scales. Neurophysiological signals are known to track the amplitude envelope of adult-directed speech (ADS), particularly in the theta-band. Acoustic analysis of infant-directed speech (IDS) has revealed significantly greater modulation energy than ADS in an amplitude-modulation (AM) band centred on ∼2 Hz. Accordingly, cortical tracking of IDS by delta-band neural signals may be key to language acquisition. Speech also contains acoustic information within its higher-frequency bands (beta, gamma). Adult EEG and MEG studies reveal an oscillatory hierarchy, whereby low-frequency (delta, theta) neural phase dynamics temporally organize the amplitude of high-frequency signals (phase amplitude coupling, PAC). Whilst consensus is growing around the role of PAC in the matured adult brain, its role in the development of speech processing is unexplored. Here, we examined the presence and maturation of low-frequency (<12 Hz) cortical speech tracking in infants by recording EEG longitudinally from 60 participants when aged 4-, 7- and 11- months as they listened to nursery rhymes. After establishing stimulus-related neural signals in delta and theta, cortical tracking at each age was assessed in the delta, theta and alpha [control] bands using a multivariate temporal response function (mTRF) method. Delta-beta, delta-gamma, theta-beta and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) was also assessed. Significant delta and theta but not alpha tracking was found. Significant PAC was present at all ages, with both delta and theta -driven coupling observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Attaheri
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Áine Ní Choisdealbha
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Giovanni M Di Liberto
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, UMR 8248, CNRS, France; Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, France; Department of Mechanical, Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering and Trinity Institute of Neuroscience, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Ireland; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and UCD Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Rocha
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Perrine Brusini
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom; Institute of Population Health, Waterhouse Building, Block B, Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 3GF, United Kingdom.
| | - Natasha Mead
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Helen Olawole-Scott
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Panagiotis Boutris
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Samuel Gibbon
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Isabel Williams
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Christina Grey
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Sheila Flanagan
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
| | - Usha Goswami
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3 EB, United Kingdom.
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17
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Holmes E, Parr T, Griffiths TD, Friston KJ. Active inference, selective attention, and the cocktail party problem. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:1288-1304. [PMID: 34687699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new generative model for an active inference account of preparatory and selective attention, in the context of a classic 'cocktail party' paradigm. In this setup, pairs of words are presented simultaneously to the left and right ears and an instructive spatial cue directs attention to the left or right. We use this generative model to test competing hypotheses about the way that human listeners direct preparatory and selective attention. We show that assigning low precision to words at attended-relative to unattended-locations can explain why a listener reports words from a competing sentence. Under this model, temporal changes in sensory precision were not needed to account for faster reaction times with longer cue-target intervals, but were necessary to explain ramping effects on event-related potentials (ERPs)-resembling the contingent negative variation (CNV)-during the preparatory interval. These simulations reveal that different processes are likely to underlie the improvement in reaction times and the ramping of ERPs that are associated with spatial cueing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Holmes
- Department of Speech Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, UCL, London, WC1N 1PF, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, WC1N 3AR, UK.
| | - Thomas Parr
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Timothy D Griffiths
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, WC1N 3AR, UK; Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Karl J Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
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18
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Tune S, Alavash M, Fiedler L, Obleser J. Neural attentional-filter mechanisms of listening success in middle-aged and older individuals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4533. [PMID: 34312388 PMCID: PMC8313676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful listening crucially depends on intact attentional filters that separate relevant from irrelevant information. Research into their neurobiological implementation has focused on two potential auditory filter strategies: the lateralization of alpha power and selective neural speech tracking. However, the functional interplay of the two neural filter strategies and their potency to index listening success in an ageing population remains unclear. Using electroencephalography and a dual-talker task in a representative sample of listeners (N = 155; age=39-80 years), we here demonstrate an often-missed link from single-trial behavioural outcomes back to trial-by-trial changes in neural attentional filtering. First, we observe preserved attentional-cue-driven modulation of both neural filters across chronological age and hearing levels. Second, neural filter states vary independently of one another, demonstrating complementary neurobiological solutions of spatial selective attention. Stronger neural speech tracking but not alpha lateralization boosts trial-to-trial behavioural performance. Our results highlight the translational potential of neural speech tracking as an individualized neural marker of adaptive listening behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tune
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Mohsen Alavash
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lorenz Fiedler
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Eriksholm Research Centre, Snekkersten, Denmark
| | - Jonas Obleser
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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19
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Obleser J. A quiet innovator: Peter Lakatos (1972-2021). Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:1191-1192. [PMID: 34253923 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Obleser
- Department of Psychology and Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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20
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Yang J, Huber L, Yu Y, Bandettini PA. Linking cortical circuit models to human cognition with laminar fMRI. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:467-478. [PMID: 34245758 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory animal research has provided significant knowledge into the function of cortical circuits at the laminar level, which has yet to be fully leveraged towards insights about human brain function on a similar spatiotemporal scale. The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in conjunction with neural models provides new opportunities to gain important insights from current knowledge. During the last five years, human studies have demonstrated the value of high-resolution fMRI to study laminar-specific activity in the human brain. This is mostly performed at ultra-high-field strengths (≥ 7 T) and is known as laminar fMRI. Advancements in laminar fMRI are beginning to open new possibilities for studying questions in basic cognitive neuroscience. In this paper, we first review recent methodological advances in laminar fMRI and describe recent human laminar fMRI studies. Then, we discuss how the use of laminar fMRI can help bridge the gap between cortical circuit models and human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yang
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Laurentius Huber
- MR-Methods Group, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter A Bandettini
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Functional MRI Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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21
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Kulkarni M, Hannula DE. Temporal Regularity May Not Improve Memory for Item-Specific Detail. Front Psychol 2021; 12:623402. [PMID: 33776845 PMCID: PMC7991072 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.623402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regularities in event timing allow for the allocation of attention to critical time-points when an event is most likely to occur, leading to improved visual perception. Results from recent studies indicate that similar benefits may extend to memory for scenes and objects. Here, we investigated whether benefits of temporal regularity are evident when detailed, item-specific representations are necessary for successful recognition memory performance. In Experiments 1 and 2, pictures of objects were presented with either predictable or randomized event timing, in separate encoding blocks. In the test phase, old and new objects were presented, intermixed with perceptually similar exemplars of encoded objects. In Experiment 3 we attempted to replicate previously reported memory enhancements for scenes. In contrast to predictions, temporal regularity did not affect response times (RT) or improve recognition memory accuracy in any of our experiments. These results suggest that any effects of temporal expectation on memory are subtle and may be sensitive to minor changes in task parameters. In sum, indirect upregulation of attention through imposed temporal structure may not be sufficient to have downstream effects on memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah E. Hannula
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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22
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Differential attention-dependent adjustment of frequency, power and phase in primary sensory and frontoparietal areas. Cortex 2021; 137:179-193. [PMID: 33636631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Continuously prioritizing behaviourally relevant information from the environment for improved stimulus processing is a crucial function of attention. In the current MEG study, we investigated how ongoing oscillatory activity of both sensory and non-sensory brain regions are differentially impacted by attentional focus. Low-frequency phase alignment of neural activity in primary sensory areas, with respect to attended/ignored features has been suggested to support top-down prioritization. However, phase adjustment in frontoparietal regions has not been widely studied, despite general implication of these in top-down selection of information. To investigate this, we let participants perform an established intermodal selective attention task, where low-frequency auditory (1.6 Hz) and visual (1.8 Hz) stimuli were presented simultaneously. We instructed them to either attend to the auditory or to the visual stimuli and to detect targets while ignoring the other stimulus stream. As expected, the strongest phase adjustment was observed in primary sensory regions for auditory and for visual stimulation, independent of attentional focus. We found greater differences in phase locking between attended and ignored stimulation for the visual modality. Interestingly, auditory temporal regions show small but significant attention-dependent neural entrainment even for visual stimulation. Extending findings from invasive recordings in non-human primates, we demonstrate an effect of attentional focus on the phase of the entrained oscillations in auditory and visual cortex which may be driven by phase locked increases of induced power. While sensory areas adjusted the phase of the respective stimulation frequencies, attentional focus adjusted the peak frequencies in nonsensory areas. Spatially these areas show a striking overlap with core regions of the dorsal attention network and the frontoparietal network. This suggests that these areas prioritize the attended modality by optimally exploiting the temporal structure of stimulation. Overall, our study complements and extends previous work by showing a differential effect of attentional focus on entrained oscillations (or phase adjustment) in primary sensory areas and frontoparietal areas.
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23
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Delta/Theta band EEG activity shapes the rhythmic perceptual sampling of auditory scenes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2370. [PMID: 33504860 PMCID: PMC7840678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies speak in favor of a rhythmic mode of listening, by which the encoding of acoustic information is structured by rhythmic neural processes at the time scale of about 1 to 4 Hz. Indeed, psychophysical data suggest that humans sample acoustic information in extended soundscapes not uniformly, but weigh the evidence at different moments for their perceptual decision at the time scale of about 2 Hz. We here test the critical prediction that such rhythmic perceptual sampling is directly related to the state of ongoing brain activity prior to the stimulus. Human participants judged the direction of frequency sweeps in 1.2 s long soundscapes while their EEG was recorded. We computed the perceptual weights attributed to different epochs within these soundscapes contingent on the phase or power of pre-stimulus EEG activity. This revealed a direct link between 4 Hz EEG phase and power prior to the stimulus and the phase of the rhythmic component of these perceptual weights. Hence, the temporal pattern by which the acoustic information is sampled over time for behavior is directly related to pre-stimulus brain activity in the delta/theta band. These results close a gap in the mechanistic picture linking ongoing delta band activity with their role in shaping the segmentation and perceptual influence of subsequent acoustic information.
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24
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Dikker S, Haegens S, Bevilacqua D, Davidesco I, Wan L, Kaggen L, McClintock J, Chaloner K, Ding M, West T, Poeppel D. Morning brain: real-world neural evidence that high school class times matter. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 15:1193-1202. [PMID: 33068110 PMCID: PMC7745151 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers, parents and educators consistently observe a stark mismatch between biologically preferred and socially imposed sleep-wake hours in adolescents, fueling debate about high school start times. We contribute neural evidence to this debate with electroencephalogram data collected from high school students during their regular morning, mid-morning and afternoon classes. Overall, student alpha power was lower when class content was taught via videos than through lectures. Students' resting state alpha brain activity decreased as the day progressed, consistent with adolescents being least attentive early in the morning. During the lessons, students showed consistently worse performance and higher alpha power for early morning classes than for mid-morning classes, while afternoon quiz scores and alpha levels varied. Together, our findings demonstrate that both class activity and class time are reflected in adolescents' brain states in a real-world setting, and corroborate educational research suggesting that mid-morning may be the best time to learn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Dikker
- Max Planck-NYU Center for Language, Music and Emotion, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saskia Haegens
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Systems Neuroscience, Columbia University and the Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dana Bevilacqua
- Max Planck-NYU Center for Language, Music and Emotion, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ido Davidesco
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lu Wan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lisa Kaggen
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Mingzhou Ding
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tessa West
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Poeppel
- Max Planck-NYU Center for Language, Music and Emotion, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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25
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Belloy ME, Billings J, Abbas A, Kashyap A, Pan WJ, Hinz R, Vanreusel V, Van Audekerke J, Van der Linden A, Keilholz SD, Verhoye M, Keliris GA. Resting Brain Fluctuations Are Intrinsically Coupled to Visual Response Dynamics. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1511-1522. [PMID: 33108464 PMCID: PMC7869084 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
How do intrinsic brain dynamics interact with processing of external sensory stimuli? We sought new insights using functional magnetic resonance imaging to track spatiotemporal activity patterns at the whole brain level in lightly anesthetized mice, during both resting conditions and visual stimulation trials. Our results provide evidence that quasiperiodic patterns (QPPs) are the most prominent component of mouse resting brain dynamics. These QPPs captured the temporal alignment of anticorrelation between the default mode (DMN)- and task-positive (TPN)-like networks, with global brain fluctuations, and activity in neuromodulatory nuclei of the reticular formation. Specifically, the phase of QPPs prior to stimulation could significantly stratify subsequent visual response magnitude, suggesting QPPs relate to brain state fluctuations. This is the first observation in mice that dynamics of the DMN- and TPN-like networks, and particularly their anticorrelation, capture a brain state dynamic that affects sensory processing. Interestingly, QPPs also displayed transient onset response properties during visual stimulation, which covaried with deactivations in the reticular formation. We conclude that QPPs appear to capture a brain state fluctuation that may be orchestrated through neuromodulation. Our findings provide new frontiers to understand the neural processes that shape functional brain states and modulate sensory input processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël E Belloy
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jacob Billings
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anzar Abbas
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Amrit Kashyap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wen-Ju Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rukun Hinz
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Verdi Vanreusel
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Audekerke
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemie Van der Linden
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shella D Keilholz
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Marleen Verhoye
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Georgios A Keliris
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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O'Connell MN, Barczak A, McGinnis T, Mackin K, Mowery T, Schroeder CE, Lakatos P. The Role of Motor and Environmental Visual Rhythms in Structuring Auditory Cortical Excitability. iScience 2020; 23:101374. [PMID: 32738615 PMCID: PMC7394914 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that motor sampling patterns modulate neuronal excitability in sensory brain regions by entraining brain rhythms, a process termed motor-initiated entrainment. In addition, rhythms of the external environment are also capable of entraining brain rhythms. Our first goal was to investigate the properties of motor-initiated entrainment in the auditory system using a prominent visual motor sampling pattern in primates, saccades. Second, we wanted to determine whether/how motor-initiated entrainment interacts with visual environmental entrainment. We examined laminar profiles of neuronal ensemble activity in primary auditory cortex and found that whereas motor-initiated entrainment has a suppressive effect, visual environmental entrainment has an enhancive effect. We also found that these processes are temporally coupled, and their temporal relationship ensures that their effect on excitability is complementary rather than interfering. Altogether, our results demonstrate that motor and sensory systems continuously interact in orchestrating the brain's context for the optimal sampling of our multisensory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica N O'Connell
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
| | - Annamaria Barczak
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Tammy McGinnis
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Kieran Mackin
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Todd Mowery
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Departments of Neurological Surgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter Lakatos
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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27
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Abstract
Rhythms are a fundamental and defining feature of neuronal activity in animals including humans. This rhythmic brain activity interacts in complex ways with rhythms in the internal and external environment through the phenomenon of 'neuronal entrainment', which is attracting increasing attention due to its suggested role in a multitude of sensory and cognitive processes. Some senses, such as touch and vision, sample the environment rhythmically, while others, like audition, are faced with mostly rhythmic inputs. Entrainment couples rhythmic brain activity to external and internal rhythmic events, serving fine-grained routing and modulation of external and internal signals across multiple spatial and temporal hierarchies. This interaction between a brain and its environment can be experimentally investigated and even modified by rhythmic sensory stimuli or invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques. We provide a comprehensive overview of the topic and propose a theoretical framework of how neuronal entrainment dynamically structures information from incoming neuronal, bodily and environmental sources. We discuss the different types of neuronal entrainment, the conceptual advances in the field, and converging evidence for general principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lakatos
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratories, Nathan Kline Institute, Old Orangeburg Road 140, Orangeburg, New York 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, One, 8, Park Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149 Muenster, Germany; Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (CCNi), Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, 62 Hillhead Street, Glasgow, G12 8QB, UK.
| | - Gregor Thut
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (CCNi), Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, 62 Hillhead Street, Glasgow, G12 8QB, UK.
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28
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Cai H, Dent ML. Attention capture in birds performing an auditory streaming task. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235420. [PMID: 32589692 PMCID: PMC7319309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous animal models have been used to investigate the neural mechanisms of auditory processing in complex acoustic environments, but it is unclear whether an animal’s auditory attention is functionally similar to a human’s in processing competing auditory scenes. Here we investigated the effects of attention capture in birds performing an objective auditory streaming paradigm. The classical ABAB… patterned pure tone sequences were modified and used for the task. We trained the birds to selectively attend to a target stream and only respond to the deviant appearing in the target stream, even though their attention may be captured by a deviant in the background stream. When no deviant appeared in the background stream, the birds experience the buildup of streaming process in a qualitatively similar way as they did in a subjective paradigm. Although the birds were trained to selectively attend to the target stream, they failed to avoid the involuntary attention switch caused by the background deviant, especially when the background deviant was sequentially unpredictable. Their global performance deteriorated more with increasingly salient background deviants, where the buildup process was reset by the background distractor. Moreover, sequential predictability of the background deviant facilitated the recovery of the buildup process after attention capture. This is the first study that addresses the perceptual consequences of the joint effects of top-down and bottom-up attention in behaving animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizhen Cai
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Micheal L. Dent
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Arabkheradmand G, Zhou G, Noto T, Yang Q, Schuele SU, Parvizi J, Gottfried JA, Wu S, Rosenow JM, Koubeissi MZ, Lane G, Zelano C. Anticipation-induced delta phase reset improves human olfactory perception. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000724. [PMID: 32453719 PMCID: PMC7250403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticipating an odor improves detection and perception, yet the underlying neural mechanisms of olfactory anticipation are not well understood. In this study, we used human intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) to show that anticipation resets the phase of delta oscillations in piriform cortex prior to odor arrival. Anticipatory phase reset correlates with ensuing odor-evoked theta power and improvements in perceptual accuracy. These effects were consistently present in each individual subject and were not driven by potential confounds of pre-inhale motor preparation or power changes. Together, these findings suggest that states of anticipation enhance olfactory perception through phase resetting of delta oscillations in piriform cortex. Use of human intracranial electroencephalography methods, including rare direct recordings from human olfactory cortex, shows that anticipation of odor resets the phase of delta oscillations prior to the arrival of an odor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Arabkheradmand
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Guangyu Zhou
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Torben Noto
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Qiaohan Yang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stephan U. Schuele
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Josef Parvizi
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University Palo Alto, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jay A. Gottfried
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shasha Wu
- University of Chicago, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joshua M. Rosenow
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mohamad Z. Koubeissi
- George Washington University, Department of Neurology, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Gregory Lane
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Christina Zelano
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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30
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Wilsch A, Mercier MR, Obleser J, Schroeder CE, Haegens S. Spatial Attention and Temporal Expectation Exert Differential Effects on Visual and Auditory Discrimination. J Cogn Neurosci 2020; 32:1562-1576. [PMID: 32319865 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Anticipation of an impending stimulus shapes the state of the sensory systems, optimizing neural and behavioral responses. Here, we studied the role of brain oscillations in mediating spatial and temporal anticipations. Because spatial attention and temporal expectation are often associated with visual and auditory processing, respectively, we directly contrasted the visual and auditory modalities and asked whether these anticipatory mechanisms are similar in both domains. We recorded the magnetoencephalogram in healthy human participants performing an auditory and visual target discrimination task, in which cross-modal cues provided both temporal and spatial information with regard to upcoming stimulus presentation. Motivated by prior findings, we were specifically interested in delta (1-3 Hz) and alpha (8-13 Hz) band oscillatory state in anticipation of target presentation and their impact on task performance. Our findings support the view that spatial attention has a stronger effect in the visual domain, whereas temporal expectation effects are more prominent in the auditory domain. For the spatial attention manipulation, we found a typical pattern of alpha lateralization in the visual system, which correlated with response speed. Providing a rhythmic temporal cue led to increased postcue synchronization of low-frequency rhythms, although this effect was more broadband in nature, suggesting a general phase reset rather than frequency-specific neural entrainment. In addition, we observed delta-band synchronization with a frontal topography, which correlated with performance, especially in the auditory task. Combined, these findings suggest that spatial and temporal anticipations operate via a top-down modulation of the power and phase of low-frequency oscillations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel R Mercier
- University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier.,Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Jonas Obleser
- University of Lübeck.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.,Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, SC
| | - Saskia Haegens
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.,Radboud University Nijmegen
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31
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Oscillations in the auditory system and their possible role. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:507-528. [PMID: 32298712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
GOURÉVITCH, B., C. Martin, O. Postal, J.J. Eggermont. Oscillations in the auditory system, their possible role. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV XXX XXX-XXX, 2020. - Neural oscillations are thought to have various roles in brain processing such as, attention modulation, neuronal communication, motor coordination, memory consolidation, decision-making, or feature binding. The role of oscillations in the auditory system is less clear, especially due to the large discrepancy between human and animal studies. Here we describe many methodological issues that confound the results of oscillation studies in the auditory field. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between neural entrainment and oscillations that remains unclear. Finally, we aim to identify which kind of oscillations could be specific or salient to the auditory areas and their processing. We suggest that the role of oscillations might dramatically differ between the primary auditory cortex and the more associative auditory areas. Despite the moderate presence of intrinsic low frequency oscillations in the primary auditory cortex, rhythmic components in the input seem crucial for auditory processing. This allows the phase entrainment between the oscillatory phase and rhythmic input, which is an integral part of stimulus selection within the auditory system.
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32
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Meyer L, Schaadt G. Aberrant Prestimulus Oscillations in Developmental Dyslexia Support an Underlying Attention Shifting Deficit. Cereb Cortex Commun 2020; 1:tgaa006. [PMID: 34296087 PMCID: PMC8152944 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental dyslexia (DD) impairs reading and writing acquisition in 5–10% of children, compromising schooling, academic success, and everyday adult life. DD associates with reduced phonological skills, evident from a reduced auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) in the electroencephalogram (EEG). It was argued that such phonological deficits are secondary to an underlying deficit in the shifting of attention to upcoming speech sounds. Here, we tested whether the aberrant MMN in individuals with DD is a function of EEG correlates of prestimulus attention shifting; based on prior findings, we focused prestimulus analyses on alpha-band oscillations. We administered an audio–visual oddball paradigm to school children with and without DD. Children with DD showed EEG markers of deficient attention switching (i.e., increased prestimulus alpha-band intertrial phase coherence [ITPC]) to precede and predict their reduced MMN—aberrantly increased ITPC predicted an aberrantly reduced MMN. In interaction, ITPC and MMN predicted reading abilities, such that poor readers showed both high ITPC and a reduced MMN, the reverse being true in good readers. Prestimulus ITPC may be an overlooked biomarker of deficient attention shifting in DD. The findings support the proposal that an attention shifting deficit underlies phonological deficits in DD, entailing new opportunities for targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Meyer
- Research Group "Language Cycles", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Gesa Schaadt
- Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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33
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Laffere A, Dick F, Tierney A. Effects of auditory selective attention on neural phase: individual differences and short-term training. Neuroimage 2020; 213:116717. [PMID: 32165265 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
How does the brain follow a sound that is mixed with others in a noisy environment? One possible strategy is to allocate attention to task-relevant time intervals. Prior work has linked auditory selective attention to alignment of neural modulations with stimulus temporal structure. However, since this prior research used relatively easy tasks and focused on analysis of main effects of attention across participants, relatively little is known about the neural foundations of individual differences in auditory selective attention. Here we investigated individual differences in auditory selective attention by asking participants to perform a 1-back task on a target auditory stream while ignoring a distractor auditory stream presented 180° out of phase. Neural entrainment to the attended auditory stream was strongly linked to individual differences in task performance. Some variability in performance was accounted for by degree of musical training, suggesting a link between long-term auditory experience and auditory selective attention. To investigate whether short-term improvements in auditory selective attention are possible, we gave participants 2 h of auditory selective attention training and found improvements in both task performance and enhancements of the effects of attention on neural phase angle. Our results suggest that although there exist large individual differences in auditory selective attention and attentional modulation of neural phase angle, this skill improves after a small amount of targeted training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeron Laffere
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Fred Dick
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK; Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adam Tierney
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London, WC1E 7HX, UK.
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34
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Billig AJ, Herrmann B, Rhone AE, Gander PE, Nourski KV, Snoad BF, Kovach CK, Kawasaki H, Howard MA, Johnsrude IS. A Sound-Sensitive Source of Alpha Oscillations in Human Non-Primary Auditory Cortex. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8679-8689. [PMID: 31533976 PMCID: PMC6820204 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0696-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional organization of human auditory cortex can be probed by characterizing responses to various classes of sound at different anatomical locations. Along with histological studies this approach has revealed a primary field in posteromedial Heschl's gyrus (HG) with pronounced induced high-frequency (70-150 Hz) activity and short-latency responses that phase-lock to rapid transient sounds. Low-frequency neural oscillations are also relevant to stimulus processing and information flow, however, their distribution within auditory cortex has not been established. Alpha activity (7-14 Hz) in particular has been associated with processes that may differentially engage earlier versus later levels of the cortical hierarchy, including functional inhibition and the communication of sensory predictions. These theories derive largely from the study of occipitoparietal sources readily detectable in scalp electroencephalography. To characterize the anatomical basis and functional significance of less accessible temporal-lobe alpha activity we analyzed responses to sentences in seven human adults (4 female) with epilepsy who had been implanted with electrodes in superior temporal cortex. In contrast to primary cortex in posteromedial HG, a non-primary field in anterolateral HG was characterized by high spontaneous alpha activity that was strongly suppressed during auditory stimulation. Alpha-power suppression decreased with distance from anterolateral HG throughout superior temporal cortex, and was more pronounced for clear compared to degraded speech. This suppression could not be accounted for solely by a change in the slope of the power spectrum. The differential manifestation and stimulus-sensitivity of alpha oscillations across auditory fields should be accounted for in theories of their generation and function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT To understand how auditory cortex is organized in support of perception, we recorded from patients implanted with electrodes for clinical reasons. This allowed measurement of activity in brain regions at different levels of sensory processing. Oscillations in the alpha range (7-14 Hz) have been associated with functions including sensory prediction and inhibition of regions handling irrelevant information, but their distribution within auditory cortex is not known. A key finding was that these oscillations dominated in one particular non-primary field, anterolateral Heschl's gyrus, and were suppressed when subjects listened to sentences. These results build on our knowledge of the functional organization of auditory cortex and provide anatomical constraints on theories of the generation and function of alpha oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Billig
- The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada,
| | - Björn Herrmann
- The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and
| | - Ingrid S Johnsrude
- The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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35
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Obleser J, Kayser C. Neural Entrainment and Attentional Selection in the Listening Brain. Trends Cogn Sci 2019; 23:913-926. [PMID: 31606386 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The streams of sounds we typically attend to abound in acoustic regularities. Neural entrainment is seen as an important mechanism that the listening brain exploits to attune to these regularities and to enhance the representation of attended sounds. We delineate the neurophysiology underlying this mechanism and review entrainment alongside its more pragmatic signature, often called 'speech tracking'. The latter has become a popular analytical approach to trace the reflection of acoustic and linguistic information at different levels of granularity, from neurophysiology to neuroimaging. As we discuss, the concept of entrainment offers both a putative neurophysiological mechanism for selective listening and a versatile window onto the neural basis of hearing and speech comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Obleser
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Christoph Kayser
- Department for Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Interaction Technology, Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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36
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Chang A, Bosnyak DJ, Trainor LJ. Rhythmicity facilitates pitch discrimination: Differential roles of low and high frequency neural oscillations. Neuroimage 2019; 198:31-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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37
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Kayser C. Evidence for the Rhythmic Perceptual Sampling of Auditory Scenes. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:249. [PMID: 31396064 PMCID: PMC6663999 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Converging results suggest that perception is controlled by rhythmic processes in the brain. In the auditory domain, neuroimaging studies show that the perception of sounds is shaped by rhythmic activity prior to the stimulus, and electrophysiological recordings have linked delta and theta band activity to the functioning of individual neurons. These results have promoted theories of rhythmic modes of listening and generally suggest that the perceptually relevant encoding of acoustic information is structured by rhythmic processes along auditory pathways. A prediction from this perspective-which so far has not been tested-is that such rhythmic processes also shape how acoustic information is combined over time to judge extended soundscapes. The present study was designed to directly test this prediction. Human participants judged the overall change in perceived frequency content in temporally extended (1.2-1.8 s) soundscapes, while the perceptual use of the available sensory evidence was quantified using psychophysical reverse correlation. Model-based analysis of individual participant's perceptual weights revealed a rich temporal structure, including linear trends, a U-shaped profile tied to the overall stimulus duration, and importantly, rhythmic components at the time scale of 1-2 Hz. The collective evidence found here across four versions of the experiment supports the notion that rhythmic processes operating on the delta time scale structure how perception samples temporally extended acoustic scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kayser
- Department for Cognitive Neuroscience & Cognitive Interaction Technology, Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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38
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Wilson TJ, Foxe JJ. Cross-frequency coupling of alpha oscillatory power to the entrainment rhythm of a spatially attended input stream. Cogn Neurosci 2019; 11:71-91. [PMID: 31154906 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2019.1627303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural entrainment and alpha oscillatory power (8-14 Hz) are mechanisms of selective attention. The extent to which these two mechanisms interact, especially in the context of visuospatial attention, is unclear. Here, we show that spatial attention to a delta-frequency, rhythmic visual stimulus in one hemifield results in phase-amplitude coupling between the delta-phase of an entrained frontal source and alpha power generated by ipsilateral visuocortical regions. The driving of ipsilateral alpha power by frontal delta also correlates with task performance. Our analyses suggest that neural entrainment may serve a previously underappreciated role in coordinating macroscale brain networks and that inhibition of processing by alpha power can be coupled to an attended temporal structure. Finally, we note that the observed coupling bolsters one dominant hypothesis of modern cognitive neuroscience, that macroscale brain networks and distributed neural computation are coordinated by oscillatory synchrony and cross-frequency interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy J Wilson
- The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics & Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine & Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - John J Foxe
- The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics & Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine & Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.,The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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39
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Iemi L, Busch NA, Laudini A, Haegens S, Samaha J, Villringer A, Nikulin VV. Multiple mechanisms link prestimulus neural oscillations to sensory responses. eLife 2019; 8:e43620. [PMID: 31188126 PMCID: PMC6561703 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous fluctuations of neural activity may explain why sensory responses vary across repeated presentations of the same physical stimulus. To test this hypothesis, we recorded electroencephalography in humans during stimulation with identical visual stimuli and analyzed how prestimulus neural oscillations modulate different stages of sensory processing reflected by distinct components of the event-related potential (ERP). We found that strong prestimulus alpha- and beta-band power resulted in a suppression of early ERP components (C1 and N150) and in an amplification of late components (after 0.4 s), even after controlling for fluctuations in 1/f aperiodic signal and sleepiness. Whereas functional inhibition of sensory processing underlies the reduction of early ERP responses, we found that the modulation of non-zero-mean oscillations (baseline shift) accounted for the amplification of late responses. Distinguishing between these two mechanisms is crucial for understanding how internal brain states modulate the processing of incoming sensory information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Iemi
- Department of Neurological SurgeryColumbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew York CityUnited States
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive NeuroscienceNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Niko A Busch
- Institute of PsychologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Annamaria Laudini
- Berlin School of Mind and BrainHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Saskia Haegens
- Department of Neurological SurgeryColumbia University College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew York CityUnited States
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Jason Samaha
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of California, Santa CruzSanta CruzUnited States
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Berlin School of Mind and BrainHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Vadim V Nikulin
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive NeuroscienceNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsMoscowRussian Federation
- Department of NeurologyCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceBerlinGermany
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40
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Márton CD, Fukushima M, Camalier CR, Schultz SR, Averbeck BB. Signature Patterns for Top-Down and Bottom-Up Information Processing via Cross-Frequency Coupling in Macaque Auditory Cortex. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0467-18.2019. [PMID: 31088914 PMCID: PMC6520641 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0467-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Predictive coding is a theoretical framework that provides a functional interpretation of top-down and bottom-up interactions in sensory processing. The theory suggests there are differences in message passing up versus down the cortical hierarchy. These differences result from the linear feedforward of prediction errors, and the nonlinear feedback of predictions. This implies that cross-frequency interactions should predominate top-down. But it remains unknown whether these differences are expressed in cross-frequency interactions in the brain. Here we examined bidirectional cross-frequency coupling across four sectors of the auditory hierarchy in the macaque. We computed two measures of cross-frequency coupling, phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) and amplitude-amplitude coupling (AAC). Our findings revealed distinct patterns for bottom-up and top-down information processing among cross-frequency interactions. Both top-down and bottom-up interactions made prominent use of low frequencies: low-to-low-frequency (theta, alpha, beta) and low-frequency-to-high- gamma couplings were predominant top-down, while low-frequency-to-low-gamma couplings were predominant bottom-up. These patterns were largely preserved across coupling types (PAC and AAC) and across stimulus types (natural and synthetic auditory stimuli), suggesting that they are a general feature of information processing in auditory cortex. Our findings suggest the modulatory effect of low frequencies on gamma-rhythms in distant regions is important for bidirectional information transfer. The finding of low-frequency-to-low-gamma interactions in the bottom-up direction suggest that nonlinearities may also play a role in feedforward message passing. Altogether, the patterns of cross-frequency interaction we observed across the auditory hierarchy are largely consistent with the predictive coding framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Márton
- Centre for Neurotechnology, and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Section on Learning and Decision Making, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Makoto Fukushima
- Section on Learning and Decision Making, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0106, Japan
- Consumer Neuroscience, The Nielsen Company, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan
| | - Corrie R Camalier
- Section on Learning and Decision Making, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Simon R Schultz
- Centre for Neurotechnology, and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- Section on Learning and Decision Making, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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41
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He B, Astolfi L, Valdés-Sosa PA, Marinazzo D, Palva SO, Bénar CG, Michel CM, Koenig T. Electrophysiological Brain Connectivity: Theory and Implementation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:10.1109/TBME.2019.2913928. [PMID: 31071012 PMCID: PMC6834897 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2913928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We review the theory and algorithms of electrophysiological brain connectivity analysis. This tutorial is aimed at providing an introduction to brain functional connectivity from electrophysiological signals, including electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), electrocorticography (ECoG), stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). Various connectivity estimators are discussed, and algorithms introduced. Important issues for estimating and mapping brain functional connectivity with electrophysiology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Laura Astolfi
- Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, University of Rome Sapienza, and with IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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42
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Wikman P, Rinne T, Petkov CI. Reward cues readily direct monkeys' auditory performance resulting in broad auditory cortex modulation and interaction with sites along cholinergic and dopaminergic pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3055. [PMID: 30816142 PMCID: PMC6395775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In natural settings, the prospect of reward often influences the focus of our attention, but how cognitive and motivational systems influence sensory cortex is not well understood. Also, challenges in training nonhuman animals on cognitive tasks complicate cross-species comparisons and interpreting results on the neurobiological bases of cognition. Incentivized attention tasks could expedite training and evaluate the impact of attention on sensory cortex. Here we develop an Incentivized Attention Paradigm (IAP) and use it to show that macaque monkeys readily learn to use auditory or visual reward cues, drastically influencing their performance within a simple auditory task. Next, this paradigm was used with functional neuroimaging to measure activation modulation in the monkey auditory cortex. The results show modulation of extensive auditory cortical regions throughout primary and non-primary regions, which although a hallmark of attentional modulation in human auditory cortex, has not been studied or observed as broadly in prior data from nonhuman animals. Psycho-physiological interactions were identified between the observed auditory cortex effects and regions including basal forebrain sites along acetylcholinergic and dopaminergic pathways. The findings reveal the impact and regional interactions in the primate brain during an incentivized attention engaging auditory task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Wikman
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Teemu Rinne
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Christopher I Petkov
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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43
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Gifford AM, Sperling MR, Sharan A, Gorniak RJ, Williams RB, Davis K, Kahana MJ, Cohen YE. Neuronal phase consistency tracks dynamic changes in acoustic spectral regularity. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 49:1268-1287. [PMID: 30402926 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The brain parses the auditory environment into distinct sounds by identifying those acoustic features in the environment that have common relationships (e.g., spectral regularities) with one another and then grouping together the neuronal representations of these features. Although there is a large literature that tests how the brain tracks spectral regularities that are predictable, it is not known how the auditory system tracks spectral regularities that are not predictable and that change dynamically over time. Furthermore, the contribution of brain regions downstream of the auditory cortex to the coding of spectral regularity is unknown. Here, we addressed these two issues by recording electrocorticographic activity, while human patients listened to tone-burst sequences with dynamically varying spectral regularities, and identified potential neuronal mechanisms of the analysis of spectral regularities throughout the brain. We found that the degree of oscillatory stimulus phase consistency (PC) in multiple neuronal-frequency bands tracked spectral regularity. In particular, PC in the delta-frequency band seemed to be the best indicator of spectral regularity. We also found that these regularity representations existed in multiple regions throughout cortex. This widespread reliable modulation in PC - both in neuronal-frequency space and in cortical space - suggests that phase-based modulations may be a general mechanism for tracking regularity in the auditory system specifically and other sensory systems more generally. Our findings also support a general role for the delta-frequency band in processing the regularity of auditory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Gifford
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael R Sperling
- Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashwini Sharan
- Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard J Gorniak
- Department of Radiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan B Williams
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Kahana
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yale E Cohen
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Neuroscience, and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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44
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Wöstmann M, Waschke L, Obleser J. Prestimulus neural alpha power predicts confidence in discriminating identical auditory stimuli. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 49:94-105. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Wöstmann
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | | | - Jonas Obleser
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
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45
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Sound identity is represented robustly in auditory cortex during perceptual constancy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4786. [PMID: 30429465 PMCID: PMC6235866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptual constancy requires neural representations that are selective for object identity, but also tolerant across identity-preserving transformations. How such representations arise in the brain and support perception remains unclear. Here, we study tolerant representation of sound identity in the auditory system by recording neural activity in auditory cortex of ferrets during perceptual constancy. Ferrets generalize vowel identity across variations in fundamental frequency, sound level and location, while neurons represent sound identity robustly across acoustic variations. Stimulus features are encoded with distinct time-courses in all conditions, however encoding of sound identity is delayed when animals fail to generalize and during passive listening. Neurons also encode information about task-irrelevant sound features, as well as animals’ choices and accuracy, while population decoding out-performs animals’ behavior. Our results show that during perceptual constancy, sound identity is represented robustly in auditory cortex across widely varying conditions, and behavioral generalization requires conserved timing of identity information. Perceptual constancy requires neural representations selective for object identity, yet tolerant of identity-preserving transformations. Here, the authors show that sound identity is represented robustly in auditory cortex and that behavioral generalization requires precise timing of identity information.
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46
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Palva S, Palva JM. Roles of Brain Criticality and Multiscale Oscillations in Temporal Predictions for Sensorimotor Processing. Trends Neurosci 2018; 41:729-743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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47
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Intrinsic Rhythmicity Predicts Synchronization-Continuation Entrainment Performance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11782. [PMID: 30082734 PMCID: PMC6079093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythmic entrainment-defined as a stable temporal relationship between external periodic signals and endogenous rhythmic processes-allows individuals to coordinate with environmental rhythms. However, the impact of inter-individual differences on entrainment processes as a function of the tempo of external periodic signals remain poorly understood. To better understand the effects of endogenous differences and varying tempos on rhythmic entrainment, 20 young healthy adults participated in a spontaneous motor tempo (SMT) task and synchronization-continuation tasks at three experimental tempos (50, 70, and 128 bpm; 1200, 857, and 469 ms inter onset interval (IOI)). We hypothesized that SMT task performance and tempo would influence externally paced synchronization-continuation task behavior. Indeed, intrinsic rhythmicity assessed through the SMT task predicted performance in the externally paced task, allowing us to characterize differences in entrainment behavior between participants with low and high endogenous rhythmicity. High rhythmicity individuals, defined by better SMT performance, deviated from externally paced pulses sooner than individuals with low rhythmicity, who were able to maintain externally paced pulses for longer. The magnitude of these behavioral differences depended on the experimental tempo of the synchronization-continuation task. Our results indicate that differences in intrinsic rhythmicity vary between individuals and relate to tempo-dependent entrainment performance.
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48
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Carlson KS, Gadziola MA, Dauster ES, Wesson DW. Selective Attention Controls Olfactory Decisions and the Neural Encoding of Odors. Curr Biol 2018; 28:2195-2205.e4. [PMID: 30056854 PMCID: PMC6530575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Critical animal behaviors, especially among rodents, are guided by odors in remarkably well-coordinated manners, yet many extramodal sensory cues compete for cognitive resources in these ecological contexts. That rodents can engage in such odor-guided behaviors suggests that they can selectively attend to odors. Indeed, higher-order cognitive processes-such as learning, memory, decision making, and action selection-rely on the proper filtering of sensory cues based on their relative salience. We developed a behavioral paradigm to reveal that rats are capable of selectively attending to odors in the presence of competing extramodal stimuli. We found that this selective attention facilitates accurate odor-guided decisions, which become further strengthened with experience. Further, we uncovered that selective attention to odors adaptively sharpens their representation among neurons in the olfactory tubercle, an olfactory cortex region of the ventral striatum that is considered integral for evaluating sensory information in the context of motivated behaviors. Odor-directed selective attention exerts influences during moments of heightened odor anticipation and enhances odorant representation by increasing stimulus contrast in a signal-to-noise-type coding scheme. Together, these results reveal that rats engage selective attention to optimize olfactory outcomes. Further, our finding of attention-dependent coding in the olfactory tubercle challenges the notion that a thalamic relay is integral for the attentional control of sensory coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin S Carlson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Marie A Gadziola
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Emma S Dauster
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Daniel W Wesson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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49
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Top-down, contextual entrainment of neuronal oscillations in the auditory thalamocortical circuit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7605-E7614. [PMID: 30037997 PMCID: PMC6094129 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714684115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our results indicate that nonhuman primates detect complex repeating acoustic sequences in a continuous auditory stream, which is an important precursor for human speech learning and perception. We demonstrate that oscillatory entrainment, known to support the attentive perception of rhythmic stimulus sequences, can occur for rhythms defined solely by stimulus context rather than physical boundaries. As opposed to acoustically driven entrainment by rhythmic tone sequences demonstrated previously, this form of entrainment relies on the brain’s ability to group auditory inputs based on their statistical regularities. The internally initiated, context-driven modulation of excitability in the medial pulvinar prior to A1 supports the notion of top-down entrainment. Prior studies have shown that repetitive presentation of acoustic stimuli results in an alignment of ongoing neuronal oscillations to the sequence rhythm via oscillatory entrainment by external cues. Our study aimed to explore the neural correlates of the perceptual parsing and grouping of complex repeating auditory patterns that occur based solely on statistical regularities, or context. Human psychophysical studies suggest that the recognition of novel auditory patterns amid a continuous auditory stimulus sequence occurs automatically halfway through the first repetition. We hypothesized that once repeating patterns were detected by the brain, internal rhythms would become entrained, demarcating the temporal structure of these repetitions despite lacking external cues defining pattern on- or offsets. To examine the neural correlates of pattern perception, neuroelectric activity of primary auditory cortex (A1) and thalamic nuclei was recorded while nonhuman primates passively listened to streams of rapidly presented pure tones and bandpass noise bursts. At arbitrary intervals, random acoustic patterns composed of 11 stimuli were repeated five times without any perturbance of the constant stimulus flow. We found significant delta entrainment by these patterns in the A1, medial geniculate body, and medial pulvinar. In A1 and pulvinar, we observed a statistically significant, pattern structure-aligned modulation of neuronal firing that occurred earliest in the pulvinar, supporting the idea that grouping and detecting complex auditory patterns is a top-down, context-driven process. Besides electrophysiological measures, a pattern-related modulation of pupil diameter verified that, like humans, nonhuman primates consciously detect complex repetitive patterns that lack physical boundaries.
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50
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Moment-to-Moment Fluctuations in Neuronal Excitability Bias Subjective Perception Rather than Strategic Decision-Making. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0430-17. [PMID: 29911179 PMCID: PMC6002263 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0430-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceiving an external stimulus depends not only on the physical features of the stimulus, but also fundamentally on the current state of neuronal excitability, indexed by the power of ongoing alpha-band and beta-band oscillations (8-30 Hz). Recent studies suggest that heightened excitability does not improve perceptual precision, but biases observers to report the presence of a stimulus regardless of its physical presence. It is unknown whether this bias is due to changes in observers' subjective perceptual experience (perceptual bias) or their perception-independent decision-making strategy (decision bias). We tested these alternative interpretations in an EEG experiment in which male and female human participants performed two-interval forced choice (2IFC) detection and discrimination. According to signal detection theory, perceptual bias only affects 2IFC detection, but not discrimination, while interval decision bias should be task independent. We found that correct detection was more likely when excitability before the stimulus-present interval exceeded that before the stimulus-absent interval (i.e., 8-17 Hz power was weaker before the stimulus-present interval), consistent with an effect of excitability on perceptual bias. By contrast, discrimination accuracy was unaffected by excitability fluctuations between intervals, ruling out an effect on interval decision bias. We conclude that the current state of neuronal excitability biases the perceptual experience itself, rather than the decision process.
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