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Caputo M, Ivanova D, Chasserot-Golaz S, Doussau F, Haeberlé AM, Royer C, Ozkan S, Ecard J, Vitale N, Cousin MA, Tóth P, Gasman S, Ory S. Phospholipid Scramblase 1 Controls Efficient Neurotransmission and Synaptic Vesicle Retrieval at Cerebellar Synapses. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0042242024. [PMID: 38839301 PMCID: PMC11223464 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0042-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids (PLs) are asymmetrically distributed at the plasma membrane. This asymmetric lipid distribution is transiently altered during calcium-regulated exocytosis, but the impact of this transient remodeling on presynaptic function is currently unknown. As phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) randomizes PL distribution between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane in response to calcium activation, we set out to determine its role in neurotransmission. We report here that PLSCR1 is expressed in cerebellar granule cells (GrCs) and that PLSCR1-dependent phosphatidylserine egress occurred at synapses in response to neuron stimulation. Synaptic transmission is impaired at GrC Plscr1 -/- synapses, and both PS egress and synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis are inhibited in Plscr1 -/- cultured neurons from male and female mice, demonstrating that PLSCR1 controls PL asymmetry remodeling and SV retrieval following neurotransmitter release. Altogether, our data reveal a novel key role for PLSCR1 in SV recycling and provide the first evidence that PL scrambling at the plasma membrane is a prerequisite for optimal presynaptic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Caputo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Daniela Ivanova
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Frédéric Doussau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Anne-Marie Haeberlé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Cathy Royer
- Plateforme Imagerie In Vitro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPS3256, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Sebahat Ozkan
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Jason Ecard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Tóth
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
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Simões de Oliveira L, O'Leary HE, Nawaz S, Loureiro R, Davenport EC, Baxter P, Louros SR, Dando O, Perkins E, Peltier J, Trost M, Osterweil EK, Hardingham GE, Cousin MA, Chattarji S, Booker SA, Benke TA, Wyllie DJA, Kind PC. Enhanced hippocampal LTP but normal NMDA receptor and AMPA receptor function in a rat model of CDKL5 deficiency disorder. Mol Autism 2024; 15:28. [PMID: 38877552 PMCID: PMC11177379 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-024-00601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the X-linked gene cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) cause a severe neurological disorder characterised by early-onset epileptic seizures, autism and intellectual disability (ID). Impaired hippocampal function has been implicated in other models of monogenic forms of autism spectrum disorders and ID and is often linked to epilepsy and behavioural abnormalities. Many individuals with CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) have null mutations and complete loss of CDKL5 protein, therefore in the current study we used a Cdkl5-/y rat model to elucidate the impact of CDKL5 loss on cellular excitability and synaptic function of CA1 pyramidal cells (PCs). We hypothesised abnormal pre and/or post synaptic function and plasticity would be observed in the hippocampus of Cdkl5-/y rats. METHODS To allow cross-species comparisons of phenotypes associated with the loss of CDKL5, we generated a loss of function mutation in exon 8 of the rat Cdkl5 gene and assessed the impact of the loss of CDLK5 using a combination of extracellular and whole-cell electrophysiological recordings, biochemistry, and histology. RESULTS Our results indicate that CA1 hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is enhanced in slices prepared from juvenile, but not adult, Cdkl5-/y rats. Enhanced LTP does not result from changes in NMDA receptor function or subunit expression as these remain unaltered throughout development. Furthermore, Ca2+ permeable AMPA receptor mediated currents are unchanged in Cdkl5-/y rats. We observe reduced mEPSC frequency accompanied by increased spine density in basal dendrites of CA1 PCs, however we find no evidence supporting an increase in silent synapses when assessed using a minimal stimulation protocol in slices. Additionally, we found no change in paired-pulse ratio, consistent with normal release probability at Schaffer collateral to CA1 PC synapses. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a role for CDKL5 in hippocampal synaptic function and raise the possibility that altered intracellular signalling rather than synaptic deficits contribute to the altered plasticity. LIMITATIONS This study has focussed on the electrophysiological and anatomical properties of hippocampal CA1 PCs across early postnatal development. Studies involving other brain regions, older animals and behavioural phenotypes associated with the loss of CDKL5 are needed to understand the pathophysiology of CDD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Male
- Rats
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/pathology
- CA1 Region, Hippocampal/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epileptic Syndromes/genetics
- Epileptic Syndromes/metabolism
- Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/metabolism
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/physiopathology
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Long-Term Potentiation
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Pyramidal Cells/metabolism
- Pyramidal Cells/pathology
- Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
- Receptors, AMPA/genetics
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics
- Spasms, Infantile/genetics
- Spasms, Infantile/metabolism
- Synapses/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Simões de Oliveira
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Heather E O'Leary
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, 12800 East 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Nawaz
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Instem, Bangalore, India
| | - Rita Loureiro
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Paul Baxter
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susana R Louros
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Owen Dando
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma Perkins
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Julien Peltier
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Matthias Trost
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Emily K Osterweil
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giles E Hardingham
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Instem, Bangalore, India
| | - Sumantra Chattarji
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Instem, Bangalore, India
| | - Sam A Booker
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tim A Benke
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, 12800 East 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - David J A Wyllie
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Instem, Bangalore, India.
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.
| | - Peter C Kind
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Instem, Bangalore, India.
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.
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Trease AJ, Totusek S, Lichter EZ, Stauch KL, Fox HS. Mitochondrial DNA Instability Supersedes Parkin Mutations in Driving Mitochondrial Proteomic Alterations and Functional Deficits in Polg Mutator Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6441. [PMID: 38928146 PMCID: PMC11203920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control is essential in mitochondrial function. To examine the importance of Parkin-dependent mechanisms in mitochondrial quality control, we assessed the impact of modulating Parkin on proteome flux and mitochondrial function in a context of reduced mtDNA fidelity. To accomplish this, we crossed either the Parkin knockout mouse or ParkinW402A knock-in mouse lines to the Polg mitochondrial mutator line to generate homozygous double mutants. In vivo longitudinal isotopic metabolic labeling was followed by isolation of liver mitochondria and synaptic terminals from the brain, which are rich in mitochondria. Mass spectrometry and bioenergetics analysis were assessed. We demonstrate that slower mitochondrial protein turnover is associated with loss of mtDNA fidelity in liver mitochondria but not synaptic terminals, and bioenergetic function in both tissues is impaired. Pathway analysis revealed loss of mtDNA fidelity is associated with disturbances of key metabolic pathways, consistent with its association with metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we find that loss of Parkin leads to exacerbation of Polg-driven proteomic consequences, though it may be bioenergetically protective in tissues exhibiting rapid mitochondrial turnover. Finally, we provide evidence that, surprisingly, dis-autoinhibition of Parkin (ParkinW402A) functionally resembles Parkin knockout and fails to rescue deleterious Polg-driven effects. Our study accomplishes three main outcomes: (1) it supports recent studies suggesting that Parkin dependence is low in response to an increased mtDNA mutational load, (2) it provides evidence of a potential protective role of Parkin insufficiency, and (3) it draws into question the therapeutic attractiveness of enhancing Parkin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Trease
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.J.T.); (S.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Steven Totusek
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.J.T.); (S.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Eliezer Z. Lichter
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Kelly L. Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.J.T.); (S.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Howard S. Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.J.T.); (S.T.); (K.L.S.)
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4
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Ahmadi Asouri S, Asemi R, Aghadavod E, Jamilian M. The effect of coenzyme Q10 intake on metabolic profiles in women candidates for in-vitro fertilization: a randomised trial. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3378-3384. [PMID: 38846853 PMCID: PMC11152844 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Infertility and the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are both influenced by insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Presumably, adding coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to these patients' diets will be beneficial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on metabolic profiles in women candidates for in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Trial design and methods For this randomized, double-blinded, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical experiment, 40 PCOS-positive infertile women who were IVF candidates were included. They ranged in age from 18 to 40. The 20 participants in the two intervention groups received either CoQ10 or a placebo for 8 weeks. The expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), as well as metabolic profiles such as insulin metabolism and lipid profiles were evaluated. Quantitative RT-PCR determined the expression of GLUT-1, PPAR-γ, and LDLR on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Lipid profiles and fasting glucose were assessed using enzymatic kits, and insulin was determined using Elisa kit. Results In comparison to the placebo, CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced blood insulin levels (-0.3±1.0 vs. 0.5±0.7, P=0.01) and insulin resistance (-0.1±0.2 vs. 0.1±0.2, P=0.01), and increased PPAR-γ expression (P=0.01). In infertile PCOS patients' candidates for IVF, CoQ10 supplementation showed no appreciable impact on other metabolic profiles. Also, CoQ10 supplementation revealed no significant impact on GLUT-1 (P=0.30), or LDLR (P=0.27) expression. Within-group changes in insulin levels (P=0.01) and insulin resistance (P=0.01) showed a significant elevation in the placebo group. When we adjusted the analysis for baseline BMI, baseline values of variables, and age, our findings were not affected. Conclusions Eight weeks of CoQ10 supplementation demonstrated positive benefits on PPAR-γ expression, insulin resistance, and serum insulin in infertile PCOS women candidates for IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
| | - Esmat Aghadavod
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan
| | - Mehri Jamilian
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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5
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Lu CW, Lin TY, Chiu KM, Lee MY, Wang SJ. Gypenoside XVII Reduces Synaptic Glutamate Release and Protects against Excitotoxic Injury in Rats. Biomolecules 2024; 14:589. [PMID: 38785996 PMCID: PMC11118014 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity is a common pathological process in neurological diseases caused by excess glutamate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gypenoside XVII (GP-17), a gypenoside monomer, on the glutamatergic system. In vitro, in rat cortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes), GP-17 dose-dependently decreased glutamate release with an IC50 value of 16 μM. The removal of extracellular Ca2+ or blockade of N-and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and protein kinase A (PKA) abolished the inhibitory effect of GP-17 on glutamate release from cortical synaptosomes. GP-17 also significantly reduced the phosphorylation of PKA, SNAP-25, and synapsin I in cortical synaptosomes. In an in vivo rat model of glutamate excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid (KA), GP-17 pretreatment significantly prevented seizures and rescued neuronal cell injury and glutamate elevation in the cortex. GP-17 pretreatment decreased the expression levels of sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1, glutamate synthesis enzyme glutaminase and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 but increased the expression level of glutamate metabolism enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase in the cortex of KA-treated rats. In addition, the KA-induced alterations in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits GluN2A and GluN2B in the cortex were prevented by GP-17 pretreatment. GP-17 also prevented the KA-induced decrease in cerebral blood flow and arginase II expression. These results suggest that (i) GP-17, through the suppression of N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and consequent PKA-mediated SNAP-25 and synapsin I phosphorylation, reduces glutamate exocytosis from cortical synaptosomes; and (ii) GP-17 has a neuroprotective effect on KA-induced glutamate excitotoxicity in rats through regulating synaptic glutamate release and cerebral blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (T.-Y.L.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (T.-Y.L.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ming Chiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan;
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 22060, Taiwan;
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
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6
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Li D, Gao X, Ma X, Wang M, Cheng C, Xue T, Gao F, Shen Y, Zhang J, Liu Q. Aging-induced tRNA Glu-derived fragment impairs glutamate biosynthesis by targeting mitochondrial translation-dependent cristae organization. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1059-1075.e9. [PMID: 38458203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae, infoldings of the mitochondrial inner membrane, undergo aberrant changes in their architecture with age. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their contribution to brain aging are largely elusive. Here, we observe an age-dependent accumulation of Glu-5'tsRNA-CTC, a transfer-RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA), derived from nuclear-encoded tRNAGlu in the mitochondria of glutaminergic neurons. Mitochondrial Glu-5'tsRNA-CTC disrupts the binding of mt-tRNALeu and leucyl-tRNA synthetase2 (LaRs2), impairing mt-tRNALeu aminoacylation and mitochondria-encoded protein translation. Mitochondrial translation defects disrupt cristae organization, leading to damaged glutaminase (GLS)-dependent glutamate formation and reduced synaptosomal glutamate levels. Moreover, reduction of Glu-5'tsRNA-CTC protects aged brains from age-related defects in mitochondrial cristae organization, glutamate metabolism, synaptic structures, and memory. Thus, beyond illustrating a physiological role for normal mitochondrial cristae ultrastructure in maintaining glutamate levels, our study defines a pathological role for tsRNAs in brain aging and age-related memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xinyi Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Chuandong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Tian Xue
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
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7
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Zoltowska KM, Das U, Lismont S, Enzlein T, Maesako M, Houser MCQ, Franco ML, Özcan B, Moreira DG, Karachentsev D, Becker A, Hopf C, Vilar M, Berezovska O, Mobley W, Chávez-Gutiérrez L. Alzheimer's disease linked Aβ42 exerts product feedback inhibition on γ-secretase impairing downstream cell signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.02.551596. [PMID: 37577527 PMCID: PMC10418207 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.02.551596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides accumulating in the brain are proposed to trigger Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, molecular cascades underlying their toxicity are poorly defined. Here, we explored a novel hypothesis for Aβ42 toxicity that arises from its proven affinity for γ-secretases. We hypothesized that the reported increases in Aβ42, particularly in the endolysosomal compartment, promote the establishment of a product feedback inhibitory mechanism on γ-secretases, and thereby impair downstream signaling events. We show that human Aβ42 peptides, but neither murine Aβ42 nor human Aβ17-42 (p3), inhibit γ-secretases and trigger accumulation of unprocessed substrates in neurons, including C-terminal fragments (CTFs) of APP, p75 and pan-cadherin. Moreover, Aβ42 treatment dysregulated cellular -homeostasis, as shown by the induction of p75-dependent neuronal death in two distinct cellular systems. Our findings raise the possibility that pathological elevations in Aβ42 contribute to cellular toxicity via the γ-secretase inhibition, and provide a novel conceptual framework to address Aβ toxicity in the context of γ-secretase-dependent homeostatic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Utpal Das
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Sam Lismont
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Enzlein
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Masato Maesako
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States of America
| | - Mei CQ Houser
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States of America
| | - María Luisa Franco
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Burcu Özcan
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dmitry Karachentsev
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ann Becker
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marçal Vilar
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Oksana Berezovska
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States of America
| | - William Mobley
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
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8
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Hill LJ, Messias CSMDA, Vilela CLS, Garritano AN, Villela HDM, do Carmo FL, Thomas T, Peixoto RS. Bacteria associated with the in hospite Symbiodiniaceae's phycosphere. iScience 2024; 27:109531. [PMID: 38585661 PMCID: PMC10995889 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic interactions between Symbiodiniaceae and bacteria are still poorly explored, especially those in hospite. Here, we adapted a technique that allows for the enrichment of intact and metabolically active in hospite Symbiodiniaceae cells (ihSC) and their associated bacteria from the tissue of the model coral Pocillopora damicornis, using a discontinuous gradient of solution of isotonic Percoll (SIP). The ihSC were concentrated in the 50% SIP fraction, as determined by microscopy. The presence of bacteria associated with ihSC was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, while microbiome analysis indicated that bacteria of the families Halieaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Alcanivoraceae are significantly associated with ihSC. Extracellular vesicles that could be exuding molecules were detected on the symbiosome membranes. Our technique and data contribute to elucidate ihSC-bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Jorge Hill
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Caren Leite Spindola Vilela
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Alessandro N Garritano
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helena Dias Muller Villela
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Flavia Lima do Carmo
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Raquel S. Peixoto
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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9
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Sun C. Single-Molecule-Resolution Approaches in Synaptic Biology. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3061-3068. [PMID: 38513216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Synapses between neurons are the primary loci for information transfer and storage in the brain. An individual neuron, alone, can make over 10000 synaptic contacts. It is, however, not easy to investigate what goes on locally within a synapse because many synaptic compartments are only a few hundred nanometers wide in size─close to the diffraction limit of light. To observe the biomolecular machinery and processes within synapses, in situ single-molecule techniques are emerging as powerful tools. Guided by important biological questions, this Perspective will highlight recent advances in using these techniques to obtain in situ measurements of synaptic molecules in three aspects: the cell-biological machinery within synapses, the synaptic architecture, and the synaptic neurotransmitter receptors. These advances showcase the increasing importance of single-molecule-resolution techniques for accessing subcellular biophysical and biomolecular information related to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 81, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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10
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Olivero G, Taddeucci A, Vallarino G, Trebesova H, Roggeri A, Gagliani MC, Cortese K, Grilli M, Pittaluga A. Complement tunes glutamate release and supports synaptic impairments in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38369641 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To deepen our knowledge of the role of complement in synaptic impairment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, we investigated the distribution of C1q and C3 proteins and the role of complement as a promoter of glutamate release in purified nerve endings (synaptosomes) and astrocytic processes (gliosomes) isolated from the cortex of EAE mice at the acute stage of the disease (21 ± 1 day post-immunization). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH EAE cortical synaptosomes and gliosomes were analysed for glutamate release efficiency (measured as release of preloaded [3 H]D-aspartate ([3 H]D-ASP)), C1q and C3 protein density, and for viability and ongoing apoptosis. KEY RESULTS In healthy mice, complement releases [3 H]D-ASP from gliosomes more efficiently than from synaptosomes. The releasing activity occurs in a dilution-dependent manner and involves the reversal of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). In EAE mice, the complement-induced releasing activity is significantly reduced in cortical synaptosomes but amplified in cortical gliosomes. These adaptations are paralleled by decreased density of the EAAT2 protein in synaptosomes and increased EAAT1 staining in gliosomes. Concomitantly, PSD95, GFAP, and CD11b, but not SNAP25, proteins are overexpressed in the cortex of the EAE mice. Similarly, C1q and C3 protein immunostaining is increased in EAE cortical synaptosomes and gliosomes, although signs of ongoing apoptosis or altered viability are not detectable. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results unveil a new noncanonical role of complement in the CNS of EAE mice relevant to disease progression and central synaptopathy that suggests new therapeutic targets for the management of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Taddeucci
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Vallarino
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hanna Trebesova
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roggeri
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gagliani
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Grilli
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, 3Rs Center, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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11
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Wegener AJ, Hyer MM, Targett I, Kloster A, Shaw GA, Rodriguez AMM, Dyer SK, Neigh GN. Behavior, synaptic mitochondria, and microglia are differentially impacted by chronic adolescent stress and repeated endotoxin exposure in male and female rats. Stress 2024; 27:2299971. [PMID: 38179979 PMCID: PMC11064104 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2299971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life adversity and chronic inflammation have both been associated with cognitive impairment and neural compromise. In this study, we investigated the interactions between a history of chronic adolescent stress (CAS) and repeated endotoxin exposure on behavior, synaptic mitochondria, and microglia in adult male and female Wistar rats. Adult rats from chronic stress and control conditions were exposed to either repeated endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) or saline injections every 3 days for 9 weeks. In both sexes, repeated LPS, regardless of stress history, impaired working memory in the Y maze. Regarding spatial memory, LPS impaired function for females; whereas, CAS altered function in males. Although males had an increase in anxiety-like behavior shortly after CAS, there were no long-term effects on anxiety-like behavior or social interaction observed in males or females. Stress did not alter synaptic mitochondrial function in either sex. Repeated LPS altered synaptic mitochondrial function such that ATP production was increased in females only. There were no observed increases in IBA-1 positive cells within the hippocampus for either sex. However, LPS and CAS altered microglia morphology in females. Impact of repeated LPS was evident at the terminal endpoint with increased spleen weight in both sexes and decreased adrenal weight in males only. Circulating cytokines were not impacted by repeated LPS at the terminal endpoint, but evidence of CAS effects on cytokines in females were evident. These data suggest a long-term impact of chronic stress and an impact of repeated endotoxin challenge in adulthood; however, not all physiological and behavioral metrics examined were impacted by the paradigm employed in this study and the two environmental challenges rarely interacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wegener
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M M Hyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - I Targett
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Kloster
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G A Shaw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A M M Rodriguez
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S K Dyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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12
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Martínez-Aguirre C, Márquez LA, Santiago-Castañeda CL, Carmona-Cruz F, Nuñez-Lumbreras MDLA, Martínez-Rojas VA, Alonso-Vanegas M, Aguado-Carrillo G, Gómez-Víquez NL, Galván EJ, Cuéllar-Herrera M, Rocha L. Cannabidiol Modifies the Glutamate Over-Release in Brain Tissue of Patients and Rats with Epilepsy: A Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3237. [PMID: 38137458 PMCID: PMC10741033 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is associated with high extracellular levels of glutamate. Studies support the idea that cannabidiol (CBD) decreases glutamate over-release. This study focused on investigating whether CBD reduces the evoked glutamate release in cortical synaptic terminals obtained from patients with DRE as well as in a preclinical model of epilepsy. Synaptic terminals (synaptosomes) were obtained from the epileptic neocortex of patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (DR-TLE, n = 10) or drug-resistant extratemporal lobe epilepsy (DR-ETLE, n = 10) submitted to epilepsy surgery. Synaptosomes highly purified by Percoll-sucrose density gradient were characterized by confocal microscopy and Western blot. Synaptosomes were used to estimate the high KCl (33 mM)-evoked glutamate release in the presence of CBD at different concentrations. Our results revealed responsive tissue obtained from seven patients with DR-TLE and seven patients with DR-ETLE. Responsive tissue showed lower glutamate release (p < 0.05) when incubated with CBD at low concentrations (less than 100 µM) but not at higher concentrations. Tissue that was non-responsive to CBD (DR-TLE, n = 3 and DR-ELTE, n = 3) showed high glutamate release despite CBD exposure at different concentrations. Simultaneously, a block of the human epileptic neocortex was used to determine its viability through whole-cell and extracellular electrophysiological recordings. The electrophysiological evaluations supported that the responsive and non-responsive human epileptic neocortices used in the present study exhibited proper neuronal viability and stability to acquire electrophysiological responses. We also investigated whether the subchronic administration of CBD could reduce glutamate over-release in a preclinical model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Administration of CBD (200 mg/kg, p.o. every 24 h for 7 days) to rats with lithium-pilocarpine-evoked spontaneous recurrent seizures reduced glutamate over-release in the hippocampus. The present study revealed that acute exposure to low concentrations of CBD can reduce the glutamate over-release in synaptic terminals obtained from some patients with DRE. This effect is also evident when applied subchronically in rats with spontaneous recurrent seizures. An important finding was the identification of a group of patients that were non-responsive to CBD effects. Future studies are essential to identify biomarkers of responsiveness to CBD to control DRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Martínez-Aguirre
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Luis Alfredo Márquez
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Cindy Lizbeth Santiago-Castañeda
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Francia Carmona-Cruz
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Maria de los Angeles Nuñez-Lumbreras
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Vladimir A. Martínez-Rojas
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
- Center for Research on Aging, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Mario Alonso-Vanegas
- International Center for Epilepsy Surgery, HMG-Coyoacán Hospital, Mexico City 04380, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Aguado-Carrillo
- Clinic of Epilepsy, General Hospital of México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Norma L. Gómez-Víquez
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Emilio J. Galván
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
- Center for Research on Aging, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Manola Cuéllar-Herrera
- Clinic of Epilepsy, General Hospital of México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Luisa Rocha
- Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, Mexico City 14330, Mexico; (C.M.-A.); (L.A.M.); (C.L.S.-C.); (F.C.-C.); (M.d.l.A.N.-L.); (V.A.M.-R.); (N.L.G.-V.); (E.J.G.)
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13
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Bowen ER, DiGiacomo P, Fraser HP, Guttenplan K, Smith BAH, Heberling ML, Vidano L, Shah N, Shamloo M, Wilson JL, Grimes KV. Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonism alters astrocyte phagocytic activity and has potential applications to psychiatric disease. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 3:27. [PMID: 38036718 PMCID: PMC10689618 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating condition necessitating more efficacious therapies. Previous studies suggested that schizophrenia development is associated with aberrant synaptic pruning by glial cells. We pursued an interdisciplinary approach to understand whether therapeutic reduction in glial cell-specifically astrocytic-phagocytosis might benefit neuropsychiatric patients. We discovered that beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonists reduced phagocytosis using a high-throughput, phenotypic screen of over 3200 compounds in primary human fetal astrocytes. We used protein interaction pathways analysis to associate ADRB2, to schizophrenia and endocytosis. We demonstrated that patients with a pediatric exposure to salmeterol, an ADRB2 agonist, had reduced in-patient psychiatry visits using a novel observational study in the electronic health record. We used a mouse model of inflammatory neurodegenerative disease and measured changes in proteins associated with endocytosis and vesicle-mediated transport after ADRB2 agonism. These results provide substantial rationale for clinical consideration of ADRB2 agonists as possible therapies for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R Bowen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hannah P Fraser
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Guttenplan
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Benjamin A H Smith
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marlene L Heberling
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura Vidano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nigam Shah
- Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin V Grimes
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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14
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Liau WS, Zhao Q, Bademosi A, Gormal RS, Gong H, Marshall PR, Periyakaruppiah A, Madugalle SU, Zajaczkowski EL, Leighton LJ, Ren H, Musgrove M, Davies J, Rauch S, He C, Dickinson BC, Li X, Wei W, Meunier FA, Fernández-Moya SM, Kiebler MA, Srinivasan B, Banerjee S, Clark M, Spitale RC, Bredy TW. Fear extinction is regulated by the activity of long noncoding RNAs at the synapse. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7616. [PMID: 37993455 PMCID: PMC10665438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a multidimensional class of regulatory molecules that are involved in many aspects of brain function. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs are localized to the synapse; however, a direct role for their activity in this subcellular compartment in memory formation has yet to be demonstrated. Using lncRNA capture-seq, we identified a specific set of lncRNAs that accumulate in the synaptic compartment within the infralimbic prefrontal cortex of adult male C57/Bl6 mice. Among these was a splice variant related to the stress-associated lncRNA, Gas5. RNA immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry and single-molecule imaging revealed that this Gas5 isoform, in association with the RNA binding proteins G3BP2 and CAPRIN1, regulates the activity-dependent trafficking and clustering of RNA granules. In addition, we found that cell-type-specific, activity-dependent, and synapse-specific knockdown of the Gas5 variant led to impaired fear extinction memory. These findings identify a new mechanism of fear extinction that involves the dynamic interaction between local lncRNA activity and RNA condensates in the synaptic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Siang Liau
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Qiongyi Zhao
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adekunle Bademosi
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel S Gormal
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hao Gong
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul R Marshall
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ambika Periyakaruppiah
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sachithrani U Madugalle
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Esmi L Zajaczkowski
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura J Leighton
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Haobin Ren
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mason Musgrove
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua Davies
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Single Molecule Neuroscience Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandra M Fernández-Moya
- Biomedical Centre, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Gene Regulation of Cell Identity, Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL) and Program for Advancing Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia, P-CMR[C], L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael A Kiebler
- Biomedical Centre, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Clark
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy W Bredy
- Cognitive Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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15
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van Oostrum M, Blok TM, Giandomenico SL, Tom Dieck S, Tushev G, Fürst N, Langer JD, Schuman EM. The proteomic landscape of synaptic diversity across brain regions and cell types. Cell 2023; 186:5411-5427.e23. [PMID: 37918396 PMCID: PMC10686415 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurons build synaptic contacts using different protein combinations that define the specificity, function, and plasticity potential of synapses; however, the diversity of synaptic proteomes remains largely unexplored. We prepared synaptosomes from 7 different transgenic mouse lines with fluorescently labeled presynaptic terminals. Combining microdissection of 5 different brain regions with fluorescent-activated synaptosome sorting (FASS), we isolated and analyzed the proteomes of 18 different synapse types. We discovered ∼1,800 unique synapse-type-enriched proteins and allocated thousands of proteins to different types of synapses (https://syndive.org/). We identify shared synaptic protein modules and highlight the proteomic hotspots for synapse specialization. We reveal unique and common features of the striatal dopaminergic proteome and discover the proteome signatures that relate to the functional properties of different interneuron classes. This study provides a molecular systems-biology analysis of synapses and a framework to integrate proteomic information for synapse subtypes of interest with cellular or circuit-level experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc van Oostrum
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas M Blok
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Georgi Tushev
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicole Fürst
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julian D Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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16
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Reid KM, Brown GC. LRPAP1 is released from activated microglia and inhibits microglial phagocytosis and amyloid beta aggregation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286474. [PMID: 38035103 PMCID: PMC10687467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein 1 (LRPAP1), also known as receptor associated protein (RAP), is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone and inhibitor of LDL receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) and related receptors. These receptors have dozens of physiological ligands and cell functions, but it is not known whether cells release LRPAP1 physiologically at levels that regulate these receptors and cell functions. We used mouse BV-2 and human CHME3 microglial cell lines, and found that microglia released nanomolar levels of LRPAP1 when inflammatory activated by lipopolysaccharide or when ER stressed by tunicamycin. LRPAP1 was found on the surface of live activated and non-activated microglia, and anti-LRPAP1 antibodies induced internalization. Addition of 10 nM LRPAP1 inhibited microglial phagocytosis of isolated synapses and cells, and the uptake of Aβ. LRPAP1 also inhibited Aβ aggregation in vitro. Thus, activated and stressed microglia release LRPAP1 levels that can inhibit phagocytosis, Aβ uptake and Aβ aggregation. We conclude that LRPAP1 release may regulate microglial functions and Aβ pathology, and more generally that extracellular LRPAP1 may be a physiological and pathological regulator of a wide range of cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guy C. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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17
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Itoh N, Itoh Y, Stiles L, Voskuhl R. Sex differences in the neuronal transcriptome and synaptic mitochondrial function in the cerebral cortex of a multiple sclerosis model. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1268411. [PMID: 38020654 PMCID: PMC10654219 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1268411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects the cerebral cortex, inducing cortical atrophy and neuronal and synaptic pathology. Despite the fact that women are more susceptible to getting MS, men with MS have worse disability progression. Here, sex differences in neurodegenerative mechanisms are determined in the cerebral cortex using the MS model, chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods Neurons from cerebral cortex tissues of chronic EAE, as well as age-matched healthy control, male and female mice underwent RNA sequencing and gene expression analyses using RiboTag technology. The morphology of mitochondria in neurons of cerebral cortex was assessed using Thy1-CFP-MitoS mice. Oxygen consumption rates were determined using mitochondrial respirometry assays from intact as well as permeabilized synaptosomes. Results RNA sequencing of neurons in cerebral cortex during chronic EAE in C57BL/6 mice showed robust differential gene expression in male EAE compared to male healthy controls. In contrast, there were few differences in female EAE compared to female healthy controls. The most enriched differential gene expression pathways in male mice during EAE were mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial morphology in neurons showed significant abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of EAE males, but not EAE females. Regarding function, synaptosomes isolated from cerebral cortex of male, but not female, EAE mice demonstrated significantly decreased oxygen consumption rates during respirometry assays. Discussion Cortical neuronal transcriptomics, mitochondrial morphology, and functional respirometry assays in synaptosomes revealed worse neurodegeneration in male EAE mice. This is consistent with worse neurodegeneration in MS men and reveals a model and a target to develop treatments to prevent cortical neurodegeneration and mitigate disability progression in MS men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Itoh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yuichiro Itoh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rhonda Voskuhl
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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18
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Hu X, Zhao HL, Kurban N, Qin Y, Chen X, Cui SY, Zhang YH. Reduction of BDNF Levels and Biphasic Changes in Glutamate Release in the Prefrontal Cortex Correlate with Susceptibility to Chronic Stress-Induced Anhedonia. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0406-23.2023. [PMID: 37989582 PMCID: PMC10668226 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0406-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress has been considered to induce depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, particularly in susceptible individuals. Synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is closely associated with susceptibility or resilience to chronic stress-induced anhedonia. However, effects of chronic stress with different durations on the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to anhedonia remain unclear. The present study investigated effects of chronic mild stress (CMS) for 14, 21, and 35 d on anhedonia-like behavior and glutamate synapses in the PFC. We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the PFC significantly decreased only in anhedonia-susceptible rats that were exposed to CMS for 14, 21, and 35 d. Additionally, 14 d of CMS increased prefrontal glutamate release, and 35 d of CMS decreased glutamate release, in addition to reducing synaptic proteins and spine density in the PFC. Moreover, we found that anhedonia-like behavior in a subset of rats spontaneously decreased, accompanied by the restoration of BDNF levels and glutamate release, on day 21 of CMS. Ketamine treatment restored the reduction of BDNF levels and biphasic changes in glutamate release that were induced by CMS. Our findings revealed a progressive reduction of synaptic plasticity and biphasic changes in glutamate release in the PFC during CMS. Reductions of BDNF levels may be key neurobiological markers of susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nurhumar Kurban
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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19
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Lombardi P, Karadayian AG, Guerra JI, Bustamante J, Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz G, Lores-Arnaiz S. Mitochondrial bioenergetics and cytometric characterization of a synaptosomal preparation from mouse brain cortex. Mitochondrion 2023; 73:95-107. [PMID: 37944836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function at synapses can be assessed in isolated nerve terminals. Synaptosomes are structures obtained in vitro by detaching the nerve endings from neuronal bodies under controlled homogenization conditions. Several protocols have been described for the preparation of intact synaptosomal fractions. Herein a fast and economical method to obtain synaptosomes with optimal intrasynaptic mitochondria functionality was described. Synaptosomal fractions were obtained from mouse brain cortex by differential centrifugation followed by centrifugation in a Ficoll gradient. The characteristics of the subcellular particles obtained were analyzed by flow cytometry employing specific tools. Integrity and specificity of the obtained organelles were evaluated by calcein and SNAP-25 probes. The proportion of positive events of the synaptosomal preparation was 75 ± 2 % and 48 ± 7% for calcein and Synaptosomal-Associated Protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), respectively. Mitochondrial integrity was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis of cardiolipin content, which indicated that 73 ± 1% of the total events were 10 N-nonylacridine orange (NAO)-positive. Oxygen consumption, ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential determinations showed that mitochondria inside synaptosomes remained functional after the isolation procedure. Mitochondrial and synaptosomal enrichment were determined by measuring synaptosomes/ homogenate ratio of specific markers. Functionality of synaptosomes was verified by nitric oxide detection after glutamate addition. As compared with other methods, the present protocol can be performed briefly, does not imply high economic costs, and provides an useful tool for the isolation of a synaptosomal preparation with high mitochondrial respiratory capacity and an adequate integrity and function of intraterminal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Guerra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Georgina Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Profesor Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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20
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Madeira D, Domingues J, Lopes CR, Canas PM, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Modification of astrocytic Cx43 hemichannel activity in animal models of AD: modulation by adenosine A 2A receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:340. [PMID: 37898985 PMCID: PMC10613596 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates astrocytic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive cognitive loss. The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is a histopathological hallmark of AD and associated with increased astrocyte reactivity. In APP/PS1 mice modelling established AD (9 months), we now show an altered astrocytic morphology and enhanced activity of astrocytic hemichannels, mainly composed by connexin 43 (Cx43). Hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is also increased in two models of early AD: (1) mice with intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of Aβ1-42, and (2) hippocampal slices superfused with Aβ1-42 peptides. In hippocampal gliosomes of APP/PS1 mice, Cx43 levels were increased, whereas mice administered icv with Aβ1-42 only displayed increased Cx43 phosphorylation levels. This suggests that hemichannel activity might be differentially modulated throughout AD progression. Additionally, we tested if adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) blockade reversed alterations of astrocytic hemichannel activity and found that the pharmacological blockade or genetic silencing (global and astrocytic) of A2AR prevented Aβ-induced hemichannel dysregulation in hippocampal slices, although A2AR genetic silencing increased the activity of astroglial hemichannels in control conditions. In primary cultures of astrocytes, A2AR-related protective effect was shown to occur through a protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Our results indicate that the dysfunction of hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is an early event in AD, which is modulated by A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Madeira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Domingues
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia R Lopes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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21
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Zhang L, Jia Z, Wu Q, Bai T, Wang B, Hu X, Li T, Liu X, Fu J, Chen Y, Ding X, Liu Z, Xu Z, Zhou H. Alleviating symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders by astrocyte-specific overexpression of TMEM164 in mice. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1787-1802. [PMID: 37679556 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory microglia secrete cytokines to induce neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, which are one of the major causes of neuronal death. However, the intrinsic key regulators underlying neurotoxic reactive astrocytes induction are unknown. Here we show that the transmembrane protein 164 (TMEM164) is an early-response intrinsic factor that regulates neurotoxic astrocyte reactivity. TMEM164 overexpression inhibits the induction of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, maintains normal astrocytic functions and suppresses neurotoxic reactive astrocyte-mediated neuronal death by decreasing the secretion of neurotoxic saturated lipids. Adeno-associated virus-mediated, astrocyte-specific TMEM164 overexpression in male and female mice prevents the induction of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, dopaminergic neuronal loss and motor deficits in a Parkinson's disease model. Notably, brain-wide astrocyte-specific TMEM164 overexpression prevents the induction of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes, amyloid β deposition, neurodegeneration and memory decline in the 5XFAD Alzheimer's disease mouse model, suggesting that TMEM164 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiheng Jia
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinde Hu
- Genemagic Biosciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwen Li
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Library of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqiang Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuelei Chen
- Stem Cell Bank/Stem Cell Core Facility, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Stem Cell Bank/Stem Cell Core Facility, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengzheng Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Kim MS, Cho K, Cho MH, Kim NY, Kim K, Kim DH, Yoon SY. Neuronal MHC-I complex is destabilized by amyloid-β and its implications in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:181. [PMID: 37773139 PMCID: PMC10540404 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The expression of major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) in neurons has recently been shown to regulate neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity. However, its contribution to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we investigated the relationship between impaired MHC-I-β2M complex and AD in vitro and human AD samples. Interaction between protein was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and confirmed by immunoprecipitation. Single-chain trimer of MHC-I-β2M was generated to study the effect of stabilization of MHC-I-β2M complex on NCAM1 signaling. RESULTS MHC-I is destabilized in the brains of AD patients and neuronal cells treated with oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ). Specifically, Aβ oligomers disassemble the MHC-I-β2-microglobulin (β2M) complex, leading to reduced interactions with neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), a novel interactor of neuronal MHC-I, and decreased signaling. Inhibition of MHC-I-β2M complex destabilization by non-dissociable MHC-I-β2M-peptide complex restored MHC-I-NCAM1 signaling in neuronal cells. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that disruption of MHC-1-NCAM1 signaling by Aβ induced disassembly of MHC-I-β2M complex is involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Moreover, our findings suggest modulation of MHC-I stability may be a potential therapeutic target for restoring synaptic function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Kim
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwangmin Cho
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Cho
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Na-Young Kim
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Convergence Medicine Research Center/Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hou Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Yoon
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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23
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Roggeri A, Olivero G, Usai C, Vanmierlo T, Pittaluga A. Presynaptic Release-Regulating Sphingosine 1-Phosphate 1/3 Receptors in Cortical Glutamatergic Terminals: Adaptations in EAE Mice and Impact of Therapeutic FTY720. Cells 2023; 12:2343. [PMID: 37830557 PMCID: PMC10571862 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides evidence of the existence of presynaptic inhibitory sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1R) and facilitatory S1P3R in cortical nerve endings (synaptosomes) of healthy mice. The conclusion relies on the findings that (i) the S1P1R agonist CS-2100 (0.1-30 nM) inhibits the 12 mM KCl-evoked glutamate exocytosis (quantified as the release of [3H]D-aspartate) while the S1P3R allosteric agonist CYM-5541 potentiates it and (ii) these effects are inhibited by the S1P1R antagonist Ex 26 (30-300 nM) and the S1P3R antagonist TY-52156 (100-1000 nM), respectively. Confocal microscopy and western blot analysis confirmed the presence of S1P1R and S1P3R proteins in cortical glutamatergic synaptosomes, which were scarcely accessible to biotin in a biotinylation study. Then, we demonstrated that S1P1R and S1P3R densities and their release activity are amplified in cortical synaptosomes of mice suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), despite receptors maintain their preferential internal distribution. Receptor changes recover following chronic oral therapeutic FTY720 (0.03 mg/Kg/day). These results improve our knowledge of the role of presynaptic release-regulating S1P1Rs and S1P3Rs controlling glutamate transmission in the CNS also unravelling functional adaptations during EAE that recover following chronic FTY720. In a whole, these findings provide new information on the central neuroprotectant activities of FTY720.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Roggeri
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (A.R.); (G.O.)
| | - Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (A.R.); (G.O.)
| | - Cesare Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Hasselt University, B-3590 Hasselt, Belgium;
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Division Translational Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, 3Rs Center, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16145 Genoa, Italy
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24
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Byun YG, Kim NS, Kim G, Jeon YS, Choi JB, Park CW, Kim K, Jang H, Kim J, Kim E, Han YM, Yoon KJ, Lee SH, Chung WS. Stress induces behavioral abnormalities by increasing expression of phagocytic receptor MERTK in astrocytes to promote synapse phagocytosis. Immunity 2023; 56:2105-2120.e13. [PMID: 37527657 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Childhood neglect and/or abuse can induce mental health conditions with unknown mechanisms. Here, we identified stress hormones as strong inducers of astrocyte-mediated synapse phagocytosis. Using in vitro, in vivo, and human brain organoid experiments, we showed that stress hormones increased the expression of the Mertk phagocytic receptor in astrocytes through glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In post-natal mice, exposure to early social deprivation (ESD) specifically activated the GR-MERTK pathway in astrocytes, but not in microglia. The excitatory post-synaptic density in cortical regions was reduced in ESD mice, and there was an increase in the astrocytic engulfment of these synapses. The loss of excitatory synapses, abnormal neuronal network activities, and behavioral abnormalities in ESD mice were largely prevented by ablating GR or MERTK in astrocytes. Our work reveals the critical roles of astrocytic GR-MERTK activation in evoking stress-induced abnormal behaviors in mice, suggesting GR-MERTK signaling as a therapeutic target for stress-induced mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youkyeong Gloria Byun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Shik Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seon Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bin Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdeok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Mahn Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jun Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Li W, Yan S, Li C, Ma K, Hu M, Du C, Fu L, Sun J, Zhang CX. Synaptotagmin-11 Inhibits Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis via Endophilin A1. J Neurosci 2023; 43:6230-6248. [PMID: 37474308 PMCID: PMC10490507 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1348-21.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis is a critical and well-regulated process for the maintenance of neurotransmission. We previously reported that synaptotagmin-11 (Syt11), an essential non-Ca2+-binding Syt associated with brain diseases, inhibits neuronal endocytosis (Wang et al., 2016). Here, we found that Syt11 deficiency caused accelerated SV endocytosis and vesicle recycling under sustained stimulation and led to the abnormal membrane partition of synaptic proteins in mouse hippocampal boutons of either sex. Furthermore, our study revealed that Syt11 has direct but Ca2+-independent binding with endophilin A1 (EndoA1), a membrane curvature sensor and endocytic protein recruiter, with high affinity. EndoA1-knockdown significantly reversed Syt11-KO phenotype, identifying EndoA1 as a main inhibitory target of Syt11 during SV endocytosis. The N-terminus of EndoA1 and the C2B domain of Syt11 were responsible for this interaction. A peptide (amino acids 314-336) derived from the Syt11 C2B efficiently blocked Syt11-EndoA1 binding both in vitro and in vivo Application of this peptide inhibited SV endocytosis in WT hippocampal neurons but not in EndoA1-knockdown neurons. Moreover, intracellular application of this peptide in mouse calyx of Held terminals of either sex effectively hampered both fast and slow SV endocytosis at physiological temperature. We thus propose that Syt11 ensures the precision of protein retrieval during SV endocytosis by inhibiting EndoA1 function at neuronal terminals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Endocytosis is a key stage of synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling. SV endocytosis retrieves vesicular membrane and protein components precisely to support sustained neurotransmission. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of SV endocytosis remain elusive. Here, we reported that Syt11-KO accelerated SV endocytosis and impaired membrane partition of synaptic proteins. EndoA1 was identified as a main inhibitory target of Syt11 during SV endocytosis. Our study reveals a novel inhibitory mechanism of SV endocytosis in preventing hyperactivation of endocytosis, potentially safeguarding the recycling of synaptic proteins during sustained neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Wang
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wanru Li
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shuxin Yan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kunpeng Ma
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Meiqin Hu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Cuilian Du
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jianyuan Sun
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Claire Xi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Underwood EL, Redell JB, Hood KN, Maynard ME, Hylin M, Waxham MN, Zhao J, Moore AN, Dash PK. Enhanced presynaptic mitochondrial energy production is required for memory formation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14431. [PMID: 37660191 PMCID: PMC10475119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the prominent features of long-term memory formation include protein synthesis, gene expression, enhanced neurotransmitter release, increased excitability, and formation of new synapses. As these processes are critically dependent on mitochondrial function, we hypothesized that increased mitochondrial respiration and dynamics would play a prominent role in memory formation. To address this possibility, we measured mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR) in hippocampal tissue punches from trained and untrained animals. Our results show that context fear training significantly increased basal, ATP synthesis-linked, and maximal OCR in the Shaffer collateral-CA1 synaptic region, but not in the CA1 cell body layer. These changes were recapitulated in synaptosomes isolated from the hippocampi of fear-trained animals. As dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) plays an important role in mitochondrial fission, we examined its role in the increased mitochondrial respiration observed after fear training. Drp1 inhibitors decreased the training-associated enhancement of OCR and impaired contextual fear memory, but did not alter the number of synaptosomes containing mitochondria. Taken together, our results show context fear training increases presynaptic mitochondria respiration, and that Drp-1 mediated enhanced energy production in CA1 pre-synaptic terminals is necessary for context fear memory that does not result from an increase in the number of synaptosomes containing mitochondria or an increase in mitochondrial mass within the synaptic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Underwood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - John B Redell
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA.
| | - Kimberly N Hood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Mark E Maynard
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Hylin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - M Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Anthony N Moore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Pramod K Dash
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Luo Y, Peng S, Song H, Li T, Zheng J, Liu N, Wu S, Zhang J, Zhang L, Hu Y, Liu Y, Lu D, Dai J, Zhang J. Reduced biophotonic activities and spectral blueshift in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia models with cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1208274. [PMID: 37727319 PMCID: PMC10505668 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1208274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although clinically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two major types of dementia, it is unclear whether the biophotonic activities associated with cognitive impairments in these diseases share common pathological features. Methods We used the ultraweak biophoton imaging system (UBIS) and synaptosomes prepared by modified percoll method to directly evaluate the functional changes in synapses and neural circuits in AD and VaD model animals. Results We found that biophotonic activities induced by glutamate were significantly reduced and spectral blueshifted in synaptosomes and brain slices. These changes could be partially reversed by pre-perfusion of the ifenprodil, a specific antagonist of the GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Conclusion Our findings suggest that AD and VaD pathology present similar but complex changes in biophotonic activities and transmission at synapses and neural circuits, implying that communications and information processing of biophotonic signals in the brain are crucial for advanced cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science, Wuhan Institute for Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sisi Peng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Liu
- College of Life Science, Wuhan Institute for Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenjia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongwei Lu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiapei Dai
- College of Life Science, Wuhan Institute for Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Odell LR, Jones NC, Chau N, Robertson MJ, Ambrus JI, Deane FM, Young KA, Whiting A, Xue J, Prichard K, Daniel JA, Gorgani NN, O'Brien TJ, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. The sulfonadyns: a class of aryl sulfonamides inhibiting dynamin I GTPase and clathrin mediated endocytosis are anti-seizure in animal models. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1492-1511. [PMID: 37593570 PMCID: PMC10429932 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We show that dansylcadaverine (1) a known in-cell inhibitor of clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME), moderately inhibits dynamin I (dynI) GTPase activity (IC50 45 μM) and transferrin (Tfn) endocytosis in U2OS cells (IC50 205 μM). Synthesis gave a new class of GTP-competitive dynamin inhibitors, the Sulfonadyns™. The introduction of a terminal cinnamyl moiety greatly enhanced dynI inhibition. Rigid diamine or amide links between the dansyl and cinnamyl moieties were detrimental to dynI inhibition. Compounds with in vitro inhibition of dynI activity <10 μM were tested in-cell for inhibition of CME. These data unveiled a number of compounds, e.g. analogues 33 ((E)-N-(6-{[(3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino}hexyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide)) and 47 ((E)-N-(3-{[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino}propyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide)isomers that showed dyn IC50 <4 μM, IC50(CME) <30 μM and IC50(SVE) from 12-265 μM. Both analogues (33 and 47) are at least 10 times more potent that the initial lead, dansylcadaverine (1). Enzyme kinetics revealed these sulfonamide analogues as being GTP competitive inhibitors of dynI. Sulfonadyn-47, the most potent SVE inhibitor observed (IC50(SVE) = 12.3 μM), significantly increased seizure threshold in a 6 Hz mouse psychomotor seizure test at 30 (p = 0.003) and 100 mg kg-1 ip (p < 0.0001), with similar anti-seizure efficacy to the established anti-seizure medication, sodium valproate (400 mg kg-1). The Sulfonadyn™ class of drugs target dynamin and show promise as novel leads for future anti-seizure medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Odell
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Mark J Robertson
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Joseph I Ambrus
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Fiona M Deane
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Kelly A Young
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Ainslie Whiting
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Jing Xue
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Kate Prichard
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - James A Daniel
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Nick N Gorgani
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
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Lichter EZ, Trease AJ, Cooper K, Stauch KL, Fox HS. Effects of Parkin on the Mitochondrial Genome in the Heart and Brain of Mitochondrial Mutator Mice. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300154. [PMID: 37376822 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigates the role of Parkin, a protein involved in mitochondrial quality control, and strongly linked to PD, in the context of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Mitochondrial mutator mice (PolgD257A/D257A ) (Polg) are used and bred with Parkin knockout (PKO) mice or mice with disinhibited Parkin (W402A). In the brain, mtDNA mutations are analyzed in synaptosomes, presynaptic neuronal terminals, which are far from neuronal soma, which likely renders mitochondria there more vulnerable compared with brain homogenate. Surprisingly, PKO results in reduced mtDNA mutations in the brain but increased control region multimer (CRM) in synaptosomes. In the heart, both PKO and W402A lead to increased mutations, with W402A showing more mutations in the heart than PKO. Computational analysis reveals many of these mutations are deleterious. These findings suggest that Parkin plays a tissue-dependent role in regulating mtDNA damage response, with differential effects in the brain and heart. Understanding the specific role of Parkin in different tissues may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of PD and potential therapeutic strategies. Further investigation into these pathways can enhance the understanding of neurodegenerative diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Z Lichter
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Andrew J Trease
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kathryn Cooper
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Kelly L Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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30
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Papantoniou C, Laugks U, Betzin J, Capitanio C, Ferrero JJ, Sánchez-Prieto J, Schoch S, Brose N, Baumeister W, Cooper BH, Imig C, Lučić V. Munc13- and SNAP25-dependent molecular bridges play a key role in synaptic vesicle priming. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6222. [PMID: 37343100 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic vesicle tethering, priming, and neurotransmitter release require a coordinated action of multiple protein complexes. While physiological experiments, interaction data, and structural studies of purified systems were essential for our understanding of the function of the individual complexes involved, they cannot resolve how the actions of individual complexes integrate. We used cryo-electron tomography to simultaneously image multiple presynaptic protein complexes and lipids at molecular resolution in their native composition, conformation, and environment. Our detailed morphological characterization suggests that sequential synaptic vesicle states precede neurotransmitter release, where Munc13-comprising bridges localize vesicles <10 nanometers and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein 25-comprising bridges <5 nanometers from the plasma membrane, the latter constituting a molecularly primed state. Munc13 activation supports the transition to the primed state via vesicle bridges to plasma membrane (tethers), while protein kinase C promotes the same transition by reducing vesicle interlinking. These findings exemplify a cellular function performed by an extended assembly comprising multiple molecularly diverse complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Papantoniou
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ulrike Laugks
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julia Betzin
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristina Capitanio
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - José Javier Ferrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Prieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanne Schoch
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Brose
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Benjamin H Cooper
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cordelia Imig
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vladan Lučić
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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31
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Yim YY, Nestler EJ. Cell-Type-Specific Neuroproteomics of Synapses. Biomolecules 2023; 13:998. [PMID: 37371578 PMCID: PMC10296650 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, our knowledge of synaptic proteomes and their relationship to normal brain function and neuropsychiatric disorders has been expanding rapidly through the use of more powerful neuroproteomic approaches. However, mass spectrometry (MS)-based neuroproteomic studies of synapses still require cell-type, spatial, and temporal proteome information. With the advancement of sample preparation and MS techniques, we have just begun to identify and understand proteomes within a given cell type, subcellular compartment, and cell-type-specific synapse. Here, we review the progress and limitations of MS-based neuroproteomics of synapses in the mammalian CNS and highlight the recent applications of these approaches in studying neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder and substance use disorders. Combining neuroproteomic findings with other omics studies can generate an in-depth, comprehensive map of synaptic proteomes and possibly identify new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for several central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Young Yim
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
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32
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Yokozeki T, Hama Y, Fujita K, Igarashi T, Hirama M, Tsumuraya T. Evaluation of relative potency of calibrated ciguatoxin congeners by near-infrared fluorescent receptor binding and neuroblastoma cell-based assays. Toxicon 2023; 230:107161. [PMID: 37201801 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne illness affecting > 50,000 people worldwide annually. It is caused by eating marine invertebrates and fish that have accumulated ciguatoxins (CTXs). Recently, the risk of CFP to human health, the local economy, and fishery resources have increased; therefore, detection methods are urgently needed. Functional assays for detecting ciguatoxins in fish include receptor binding (RBA) and neuroblastoma cell-based assay (N2a assay), which can detect all CTX congeners. In this study, we made these assays easier to use. For RBA, an assay was developed using a novel near-infrared fluorescent ligand, PREX710-BTX, to save valuable CTXs. In the N2a assay, a 1-day assay was developed with the same detection performance as the conventional 2-day assay. Additionally, in these assays, we used calibrated CTX standards from the Pacific determined by quantitative NMR for the first time to compare the relative potency of congeners, which differed significantly among previous studies. In the RBA, there was almost no difference in the binding affinity among congeners, showing that the differences in side chains, stereochemistry, and backbone structure of CTXs did not affect the binding affinity. However, this result did not correlate with the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) based on acute toxicity in mice. In contrast, the N2a assay showed a good correlation with TEFs based on acute toxicity in mice, except for CTX3C. These findings, obtained with calibrated toxin standards, provide important insights into evaluating the total toxicity of CTXs using functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Yokozeki
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, Osaka Saito Laboratory, 7-4-41 Saitoasagi, Ibaraki shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan; Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan; Osaka Metropolitan University, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Yuka Hama
- Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fujita
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, Osaka Saito Laboratory, 7-4-41 Saitoasagi, Ibaraki shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Tomoji Igarashi
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, Tama Laboratory, 6-11-10 Nagayama, Tama-shi, Tokyo, 206-0025, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirama
- Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan; Osaka Metropolitan University, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsumuraya
- Osaka Prefecture University, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan; Osaka Metropolitan University, Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan.
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Gorski K, Jackson CB, Nyman TA, Rezov V, Battersby BJ, Lehesjoki AE. Progressive mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebellar synaptosomes of cystatin B-deficient mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1175851. [PMID: 37251643 PMCID: PMC10213208 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1175851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in cystatin B (CSTB) deficiency has been suggested, but its role in the onset of neurodegeneration, myoclonus, and ataxia in the CSTB-deficient mouse model (Cstb-/-) is yet unknown. CSTB is an inhibitor of lysosomal and nuclear cysteine cathepsins. In humans, partial loss-of-function mutations cause the progressive myoclonus epilepsy neurodegenerative disorder, EPM1. Here we applied proteome analysis and respirometry on cerebellar synaptosomes from early symptomatic (Cstb-/-) mice to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the onset of CSTB-deficiency associated neural pathogenesis. Proteome analysis showed that CSTB deficiency is associated with differential expression of mitochondrial and synaptic proteins, and respirometry revealed a progressive impairment in mitochondrial function coinciding with the onset of myoclonus and neurodegeneration in (Cstb-/-) mice. This mitochondrial dysfunction was not associated with alterations in mitochondrial DNA copy number or membrane ultrastructure. Collectively, our results show that CSTB deficiency generates a defect in synaptic mitochondrial bioenergetics that coincides with the onset and progression of the clinical phenotypes, and thus is likely a contributor to the pathogenesis of EPM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarin Gorski
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christopher B. Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula A. Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Veronika Rezov
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Anna-Elina Lehesjoki
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Hsu SK, Lu CW, Chiu KM, Lee MY, Lin TY, Wang SJ. Mangiferin depresses vesicular glutamate release in synaptosomes from the rat cerebral cortex by decreasing synapsin I phosphorylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 950:175772. [PMID: 37146708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mangiferin is a glucosyl xanthone that has been shown to be a neuroprotective agent against brain disorders involving excess glutamate. However, the effect of mangiferin on the function of the glutamatergic system has not been investigated. In this study, we used synaptosomes from the rat cerebral cortex to investigate the effect of mangiferin on glutamate release and identify the possible underlying mechanism. We observed that mangiferin produced a concentration-dependent reduction in the release of glutamate elicited by 4-aminopyridine with an IC50 value of 25 μM. Inhibition of glutamate release was blocked by removing extracellular calcium and by treatment with the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1, which prevents the uptake and storage of glutamate in vesicles. Moreover, we showed that mangiferin decreased the 4-aminopyridine-elicited FM1-43 release and synaptotagmin 1 luminal domain antibody (syt1-L ab) uptake from synaptosomes, which correlated with decreased synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Transmission electron microscopy in synaptosomes also showed that mangiferin attenuated the 4-aminopyridine-elicited decrease in the number of synaptic vesicles. In addition, antagonism of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and protein kinase A (PKA) counteracted mangiferin's effect on glutamate release. Mangiferin also decreased the phosphorylation of CaMKII, PKA, and synapsin I elicited by 4-aminopyridine treatment. Our data suggest that mangiferin reduces PKA and CaMKII activation and synapsin I phosphorylation, which could decrease synaptic vesicle availability and lead to a subsequent reduction in vesicular glutamate release from synaptosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Kai Hsu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 106438, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ming Chiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan.
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35
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Popescu AS, Butler CA, Allendorf DH, Piers TM, Mallach A, Roewe J, Reinhardt P, Cinti A, Redaelli L, Boudesco C, Pradier L, Pocock JM, Thornton P, Brown GC. Alzheimer's disease-associated R47H TREM2 increases, but wild-type TREM2 decreases, microglial phagocytosis of synaptosomes and neuronal loss. Glia 2023; 71:974-990. [PMID: 36480007 PMCID: PMC10952257 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triggering receptor on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an innate immune receptor, upregulated on the surface of microglia associated with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Individuals heterozygous for the R47H variant of TREM2 have greatly increased risk of developing AD. We examined the effects of wild-type (WT), R47H and knock-out (KO) of human TREM2 expression in three microglial cell systems. Addition of mouse BV-2 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to primary mouse neuronal cultures caused neuronal loss, not observed with WT TREM2. Neuronal loss was prevented by using annexin V to block exposed phosphatidylserine, an eat-me signal and ligand of TREM2, suggesting loss was mediated by microglial phagocytosis of neurons exposing phosphatidylserine. Addition of human CHME-3 microglia expressing R47H TREM2 to LUHMES neuronal-like cells also caused loss compared to WT TREM2. Expression of R47H TREM2 in BV-2 and CHME-3 microglia increased their uptake of phosphatidylserine-beads and synaptosomes versus WT TREM2. Human iPSC-derived microglia with heterozygous R47H TREM2 had increased phagocytosis of synaptosomes vs common-variant TREM2. Additionally, phosphatidylserine liposomes increased activation of human iPSC-derived microglia expressing homozygous R47H TREM2 versus common-variant TREM2. Finally, overexpression of TREM2 in CHME-3 microglia caused increased expression of cystatin F, a cysteine protease inhibitor, and knock-down of cystatin F increased CHME-3 uptake of phosphatidylserine-beads. Together, these data suggest that R47H TREM2 may increase AD risk by increasing phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via greater activation by phosphatidylserine and that WT TREM2 may decrease microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons via cystatin F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma S. Popescu
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Claire A. Butler
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaCambridgeUK
| | | | - Thomas M. Piers
- Department of NeuroinflammationUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Anna Mallach
- Department of NeuroinflammationUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Julian Roewe
- Neuroscience DiscoveryAbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGLudwigshafenGermany
| | - Peter Reinhardt
- Neuroscience DiscoveryAbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGLudwigshafenGermany
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer M. Pocock
- Department of NeuroinflammationUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Peter Thornton
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaCambridgeUK
| | - Guy C. Brown
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Birkle TJY, Brown GC. Syk inhibitors protect against microglia-mediated neuronal loss in culture. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1120952. [PMID: 37009452 PMCID: PMC10050448 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1120952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are brain macrophages and play beneficial and/or detrimental roles in many brain pathologies because of their inflammatory and phagocytic activity. Microglial inflammation and phagocytosis are thought to be regulated by spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), which is activated by multiple microglial receptors, including TREM2 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2), implicated in neurodegeneration. Here, we have tested whether Syk inhibitors can prevent microglia-dependent neurodegeneration induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary neuron-glia cultures. We found that the Syk inhibitors BAY61-3606 and P505-15 (at 1 and 10 μM, respectively) completely prevented the neuronal loss induced by LPS, which was microglia-dependent. Syk inhibition also prevented the spontaneous loss of neurons from older neuron-glia cultures. In the absence of LPS, Syk inhibition depleted microglia from the cultures and induced some microglial death. However, in the presence of LPS, Syk inhibition had relatively little effect on microglial density (reduced by 0-30%) and opposing effects on the release of two pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 decreased by about 45%, TNFα increased by 80%). Syk inhibition also had no effect on the morphological transition of microglia exposed to LPS. On the other hand, inhibition of Syk reduced microglial phagocytosis of beads, synapses and neurons. Thus, Syk inhibition in this model is most likely neuroprotective by reducing microglial phagocytosis, however, the reduced microglial density and IL-6 release may also contribute. This work adds to increasing evidence that Syk is a key regulator of the microglial contribution to neurodegenerative disease and suggests that Syk inhibitors may be used to prevent excessive microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guy C. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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37
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Radecke J, Seeger R, Kádková A, Laugks U, Khosrozadeh A, Goldie KN, Lučić V, Sørensen JB, Zuber B. Morphofunctional changes at the active zone during synaptic vesicle exocytosis. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55719. [PMID: 36876590 PMCID: PMC10157379 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic vesicle (SV) fusion with the plasma membrane (PM) proceeds through intermediate steps that remain poorly resolved. The effect of persistent high or low exocytosis activity on intermediate steps remains unknown. Using spray-mixing plunge-freezing cryo-electron tomography we observe events following synaptic stimulation at nanometer resolution in near-native samples. Our data suggest that during the stage that immediately follows stimulation, termed early fusion, PM and SV membrane curvature changes to establish a point contact. The next stage-late fusion-shows fusion pore opening and SV collapse. During early fusion, proximal tethered SVs form additional tethers with the PM and increase the inter-SV connector number. In the late-fusion stage, PM-proximal SVs lose their interconnections, allowing them to move toward the PM. Two SNAP-25 mutations, one arresting and one disinhibiting spontaneous release, cause connector loss. The disinhibiting mutation causes loss of membrane-proximal multiple-tethered SVs. Overall, tether formation and connector dissolution are triggered by stimulation and respond to spontaneous fusion rate manipulation. These morphological observations likely correspond to SV transition from one functional pool to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julika Radecke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Diamond Light Source Ltd, Didcot, UK.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raphaela Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Kádková
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Laugks
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Amin Khosrozadeh
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Vladan Lučić
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jakob B Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benoît Zuber
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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38
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Dundee JM, Puigdellívol M, Butler R, Cockram TOJ, Brown GC. P2Y 6 receptor-dependent microglial phagocytosis of synapses mediates synaptic and memory loss in aging. Aging Cell 2022; 22:e13761. [PMID: 36565471 PMCID: PMC9924939 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging causes loss of brain synapses and memory, and microglial phagocytosis of synapses may contribute to this loss. Stressed neurons can release the nucleotide UTP, which is rapidly converted into UDP, that in turn activates the P2Y6 receptor (P2Y6 R) on the surface of microglia, inducing microglial phagocytosis of neurons. However, whether the activation of P2Y6 R affects microglial phagocytosis of synapses is unknown. We show here that inactivation of P2Y6 R decreases microglial phagocytosis of isolated synapses (synaptosomes) and synaptic loss in neuronal-glial co-cultures. In vivo, wild-type mice aged from 4 to 17 months exhibited reduced synaptic density in cortical and hippocampal regions, which correlated with increased internalization of synaptic material within microglia. However, this aging-induced synaptic loss and internalization were absent in P2Y6 R knockout mice, and these mice also lacked any aging-induced memory loss. Thus, P2Y6 R appears to mediate aging-induced loss of synapses and memory by increasing microglial phagocytosis of synapses. Consequently, blocking P2Y6 R has the potential to prevent age-associated memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Dundee
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Mar Puigdellívol
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK,Institute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Richard Butler
- The Wellcome Trust Cancer Research UK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Guy C. Brown
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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39
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Sleep and wake cycles dynamically modulate hippocampal inhibitory synaptic plasticity. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001812. [PMID: 36318572 PMCID: PMC9624398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is an essential process that consolidates memories by modulating synapses through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we report that GABAergic synapses in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons undergo daily rhythmic alterations. Specifically, wake inhibits phasic inhibition, whereas it promotes tonic inhibition compared to sleep. We further utilize a model of chemically induced inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP) to examine inhibitory plasticity. Intriguingly, while CA1 pyramidal neurons in both wake and sleep mice undergo iLTP, wake mice have a much higher magnitude. We also employ optogenetics and observe that inhibitory inputs from parvalbumin-, but not somatostatin-, expressing interneurons contribute to dynamic iLTP during sleep and wake. Finally, we demonstrate that synaptic insertion of α5-GABAA receptors underlies the wake-specific enhancement of iLTP at parvalbumin-synapses, which is independent of time of the day. These data reveal a previously unappreciated daily oscillation of inhibitory LTP in hippocampal neurons and uncover a dynamic contribution of inhibitory synapses in memory mechanisms across sleep and wake.
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40
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Isolation, cryo-laser scanning confocal microscope imaging and cryo-FIB milling of mouse glutamatergic synaptosomes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271799. [PMID: 35960737 PMCID: PMC9374259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) at postsynaptic terminals mediate the majority of fast excitatory neurotransmission in response to release of glutamate from the presynaptic terminal. Obtaining structural information on the molecular organization of iGluRs in their native environment, along with other signaling and scaffolding proteins in the postsynaptic density (PSD), and associated proteins on the presynaptic terminal, would enhance understanding of the molecular basis for excitatory synaptic transmission in normal and in disease states. Cryo-electron tomography (ET) studies of synaptosomes is one attractive vehicle by which to study iGluR-containing excitatory synapses. Here we describe a workflow for the preparation of glutamatergic synaptosomes for cryo-ET studies. We describe the utilization of fluorescent markers for the facile detection of the pre and postsynaptic terminals of glutamatergic synaptosomes using cryo-laser scanning confocal microscope (cryo-LSM). We further provide the details for preparation of lamellae, between ~100 to 200 nm thick, of glutamatergic synaptosomes using cryo-focused ion-beam (FIB) milling. We monitor the lamella preparation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and following lamella production, we identify regions for subsequent cryo-ET studies by confocal fluorescent imaging, exploiting the pre and postsynaptic fluorophores.
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41
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Liu L, Dai L, Xu D, Wang Y, Bai L, Chen X, Li M, Yang S, Tang Y. Astrocyte secretes IL-6 to modulate PSD-95 palmitoylation in basolateral amygdala and depression-like behaviors induced by peripheral nerve injury. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:139-154. [PMID: 35636613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of glutamatergic synaptic plasticity in basolateral amygdala (BLA) constitutes a critical pathogenic mechanism underlying the depression-like behaviors induced by chronic pain. Astrocytes serve as an important supporting cell modulating glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Here, we found that peripheral spared nerve injury (SNI) induced astrocyte activation to release IL-6 in BLA. Inhibition of astrocyte activity attenuated SNI-induced IL-6 overexpression and depression-like behaviors. Moreover, SNI enhanced the abundance of DHHC2 in synaptosome and DHHC3 in Golgi apparatus, promoted PSD-95 palmitoylation, and increased the recruitment of GluR1 and NR2B at synapses. Suppression of IL-6 or PSD-95 palmitoylation attenuated the synaptic accumulation of GluR1 and NR2B in BLA and improved depression-like behaviors induced by SNI. Furthermore, IL-6 downstream PI3K increased the expression of DHHC3 in Golgi apparatus and facilitated the interaction of palmitoylated PSD-95 with GluR1 and NR2B at synapses. These findings collectively suggested that SNI activated astrocyte to release IL-6 in BLA, which promoted PSD-95 palmitoylation and enhanced the synaptic trafficking of GluR1 and NR2B, and subsequently mediated the depression-like behaviors induced by nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China; Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Luqi Dai
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Yinchan Wang
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Animal Experimental Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China
| | - Mengzhou Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuying Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China; Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610093, China.
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42
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Tonoli E, Verduci I, Gabrielli M, Prada I, Forcaia G, Coveney C, Savoca MP, Boocock DJ, Sancini G, Mazzanti M, Verderio C, Verderio EAM. Extracellular transglutaminase-2, nude or associated with astrocytic extracellular vesicles, modulates neuronal calcium homeostasis. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 216:102313. [PMID: 35760142 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We have uncovered a novel role for astrocytes-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in controlling intraneuronal Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and identified transglutaminase-2 (TG2) as a surface-cargo of astrocytes-derived EVs. Incubation of hippocampal neurons with primed astrocyte-derived EVs have led to an increase in [Ca2+]i, unlike EVs from TG2-knockout astrocytes. Exposure of neurons or brain slices to extracellular TG2 promoted a [Ca2+]i rise, which was reversible upon TG2 removal and was dependent on Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane. Patch-clamp and calcium imaging recordings revealed TG2-dependent neuronal membrane depolarization and activation of inward currents, due to the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger (NCX) operating in the reverse mode and indirect activation of L-type VOCCs, as indicated by VOCCs/NCX pharmacological inhibitors. A subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase was selected by comparative proteomics and identified as being functionally inhibited by extracellular TG2, implicating Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition in NCX reverse mode-switching leading to Ca2+ influx and higher basal [Ca2+]i. These data suggest that reactive astrocytes control intraneuronal [Ca2+]i through release of EVs with TG2 as responsible cargo, which could have a significant impact on synaptic activity in brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tonoli
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Verduci
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Prada
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Vedano al Lambro 20854, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Human Physiology Lab., School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Clare Coveney
- School of Science and Technology, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Pia Savoca
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - David J Boocock
- School of Science and Technology, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Human Physiology Lab., School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy; NeuroMI (Milan Center for Neuroscience), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Michele Mazzanti
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Claudia Verderio
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Vedano al Lambro 20854, Italy; NeuroMI (Milan Center for Neuroscience), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta A M Verderio
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom; Biological Sciences Department (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy.
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43
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Hanuscheck N, Thalman C, Domingues M, Schmaul S, Muthuraman M, Hetsch F, Ecker M, Endle H, Oshaghi M, Martino G, Kuhlmann T, Bozek K, van Beers T, Bittner S, von Engelhardt J, Vogt J, Vogelaar CF, Zipp F. Interleukin-4 receptor signaling modulates neuronal network activity. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213227. [PMID: 35587822 PMCID: PMC9123307 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is emerging that immune responses not only play a part in the central nervous system (CNS) in diseases but may also be relevant for healthy conditions. We discovered a major role for the interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) signaling pathway in synaptic processes, as indicated by transcriptome analysis in IL-4Rα–deficient mice and human neurons with/without IL-4 treatment. Moreover, IL-4Rα is expressed presynaptically, and locally available IL-4 regulates synaptic transmission. We found reduced synaptic vesicle pools, altered postsynaptic currents, and a higher excitatory drive in cortical networks of IL-4Rα–deficient neurons. Acute effects of IL-4 treatment on postsynaptic currents in wild-type neurons were mediated via PKCγ signaling release and led to increased inhibitory activity supporting the findings in IL-4Rα–deficient neurons. In fact, the deficiency of IL-4Rα resulted in increased network activity in vivo, accompanied by altered exploration and anxiety-related learning behavior; general learning and memory was unchanged. In conclusion, neuronal IL-4Rα and its presynaptic prevalence appear relevant for maintaining homeostasis of CNS synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hanuscheck
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carine Thalman
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Micaela Domingues
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Samantha Schmaul
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Hetsch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuela Ecker
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heiko Endle
- Department of Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mohammadsaleh Oshaghi
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gianvito Martino
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Bozek
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne; University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim van Beers
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I of Anatomy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Bittner
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jakob von Engelhardt
- Institute for Pathophysiology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Vogt
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Francisca Vogelaar
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frauke Zipp
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience and Immunotherapy, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Deng J, Zhang T, Zheng X, Shang L, Zhan C, Zheng F. Recovery of dopaminergic system after cocaine exposure and impact of a long‐acting cocaine hydrolase. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13179. [DOI: 10.1111/adb.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Deng
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Xirong Zheng
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Linyue Shang
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Chang‐Guo Zhan
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
| | - Fang Zheng
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington Kentucky 40536 USA
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45
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Synaptosomes and Metamodulation of Receptors. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2417:99-111. [PMID: 35099794 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1916-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Synaptosomes are re-sealed pinched off nerve terminals that maintain all the main structural and functional features of the original structures and that are appropriate to study presynaptic events. Because of the discovery of new structural and molecular events that dictate the efficiency of transmitter release and of its receptor-mediated control in the central nervous system, the interest in this tissue preparation is continuously renewing. Most of these events have been already discussed in previous reviews, but few of them were not and deserve some comments since they could suggest new functional and possibly therapeutic considerations. Among them, the "metamodulation" of receptors represents an emerging aspect that dramatically increased the complexity of the presynaptic compartment, adding new insights to the role of presynaptic receptors as modulators of chemical synapses. Deciphering the mechanism of presynaptic metamodulation would permit indirect approaches to control the activity of presynaptic release-regulating receptors that are currently orphans of direct ligands/modulators, paving the road for the proposal of new therapeutic approaches for central neurological diseases.
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Rodrigues MS, Ferreira SG, Quiroz C, Earley CJ, García-Borreguero D, Cunha RA, Ciruela F, Köfalvi A, Ferré S. Brain Iron Deficiency Changes the Stoichiometry of Adenosine Receptor Subtypes in Cortico-Striatal Terminals: Implications for Restless Legs Syndrome. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051489. [PMID: 35268590 PMCID: PMC8911604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain iron deficiency (BID) constitutes a primary pathophysiological mechanism in restless legs syndrome (RLS). BID in rodents has been widely used as an animal model of RLS, since it recapitulates key neurochemical changes reported in RLS patients and shows an RLS-like behavioral phenotype. Previous studies with the BID-rodent model of RLS demonstrated increased sensitivity of cortical pyramidal cells to release glutamate from their striatal nerve terminals driving striatal circuits, a correlative finding of the cortical motor hyperexcitability of RLS patients. It was also found that BID in rodents leads to changes in the adenosinergic system, a downregulation of the inhibitory adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) and upregulation of the excitatory adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs). It was then hypothesized, but not proven, that the BID-induced increased sensitivity of cortico-striatal glutamatergic terminals could be induced by a change in A1R/A2AR stoichiometry in favor of A2ARs. Here, we used a newly developed FACS-based synaptometric analysis to compare the relative abundance on A1Rs and A2ARs in cortico-striatal and thalamo-striatal glutamatergic terminals (labeled with vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, respectively) of control and BID rats. It could be demonstrated that BID (determined by measuring transferrin receptor density in the brain) is associated with a selective decrease in the A1R/A2AR ratio in VGLUT1 positive-striatal terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde S. Rodrigues
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.R.); (S.G.F.); (R.A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - Samira G. Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.R.); (S.G.F.); (R.A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - César Quiroz
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | | | | | - Rodrigo A. Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.R.); (S.G.F.); (R.A.C.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Belvitge, Idibell, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Attila Köfalvi
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.R.); (S.G.F.); (R.A.C.); (A.K.)
| | - Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Disruption of the IL-33-ST2-AKT signaling axis impairs neurodevelopment by inhibiting microglial metabolic adaptation and phagocytic function. Immunity 2022; 55:159-173.e9. [PMID: 34982959 PMCID: PMC9074730 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To accommodate the changing needs of the developing brain, microglia must undergo substantial morphological, phenotypic, and functional reprogramming. Here, we examined whether cellular metabolism regulates microglial function during neurodevelopment. Microglial mitochondria bioenergetics correlated with and were functionally coupled to phagocytic activity in the developing brain. Transcriptional profiling of microglia with diverse metabolic profiles revealed an activation signature wherein the interleukin (IL)-33 signaling axis is associated with phagocytic activity. Genetic perturbation of IL-33 or its receptor ST2 led to microglial dystrophy, impaired synaptic function, and behavioral abnormalities. Conditional deletion of Il33 from astrocytes or Il1rl1, encoding ST2, in microglia increased susceptibility to seizures. Mechanistically, IL-33 promoted mitochondrial activity and phagocytosis in an AKT-dependent manner. Mitochondrial metabolism and AKT activity were temporally regulated in vivo. Thus, a microglia-astrocyte circuit mediated by the IL-33-ST2-AKT signaling axis supports microglial metabolic adaptation and phagocytic function during early development, with implications for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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48
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Guest PC. Proteomic Mapping of the Human Myelin Proteome. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2343:191-202. [PMID: 34473323 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1558-4_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative cognitive condition that affects individuals with an increasing prevalence in older age groups. There are currently five drugs on the market for AD but no new effective ones have been discovered for decades. There has been increasing interest in the use of natural remedies such as special diets and plant extracts but these require further study. Based on the known effects on white matter and neuronal conductance in Alzheimer's disease, we present a protocol for proteomic analysis of myelin-enriched brain fractions as a way of identifying potential biomarkers of efficacy. This fingerprint could be used in screening assays for novel compounds for treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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49
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Coupling of GABA Metabolism to Mitochondrial Glucose Phosphorylation. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:470-480. [PMID: 34623563 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose and oxygen (O2) are vital to the brain. Glucose metabolism and mitochondria play a pivotal role in this process, culminating in the increase of reactive O2 species. Hexokinase (HK) is a key enzyme on glucose metabolism and is coupled to the brain mitochondrial redox modulation by recycling ADP for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). GABA shunt is an alternative pathway to GABA metabolism that increases succinate levels, a Krebs cycle intermediate. Although glucose and GABA metabolisms are intrinsically connected, their interplay coordinating mitochondrial function is poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that the HK and the GABA shunt interact to control mitochondrial metabolism differently in the cortex and the hypothalamus. The GABA shunt stimulated mitochondrial O2 consumption and H2O2 production higher in hypothalamic synaptosomes (HSy) than cortical synaptosomes (CSy). The GABA shunt increased the HK coupled to OXPHOS activity in both population of synaptosomes, but the rate of activation was higher in HSy than CSy. Significantly, malonate and vigabatrin blocked the effects of the GABA shunt in the HK activity coupled to OXPHOS. It indicates that the glucose phosphorylation is linked to GABA and Krebs cycle reactions. Together, these data shed light on the HK and SDH role on the metabolism of each region fed by GABA turnover, which depends on the neurons' metabolic route.
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50
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Shaw GA, Hyer MM, Dustin E, Dyer SK, Targett IL, Neigh GN. Acute LPS exposure increases synaptosomal metabolism during estrus but not diestrus. Physiol Behav 2021; 239:113523. [PMID: 34229031 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The hormones estrogen and progesterone alter physiological functions, including the estrus cycle and relevant neurological and synaptic activity. Here, we determined the extent to which estrus cycle stage interacts with an inflammatory stimulus, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to alter synaptic mitochondrial respiration in female rats. LPS elevated synaptic mitochondrial respiration of rats in estrus, but not diestrus. Likewise, estrogen concentration correlated with multiple respiratory metrics in LPS treated females in estrus. These data suggest estrogen likely modulates synaptic mitochondrial respiration in a high progesterone environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys A Shaw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Molly M Hyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Elizabeth Dustin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Samya K Dyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Imogen L Targett
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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