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Wu S, Yang T, Ma M, Fan L, Ren L, Liu G, Wang Y, Cheng B, Xia J, Hao Z. Extracellular vesicles meet mitochondria: Potential roles in regenerative medicine. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107307. [PMID: 39004243 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by most cells, act as natural cell-derived carriers for delivering proteins, nucleic acids, and organelles between cells. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles responsible for energy production and cellular physiological processes. Recent evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of EVs in intercellular mitochondrial content transfer, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), proteins, and intact mitochondria. Intriguingly, mitochondria are crucial mediators of EVs release, suggesting an interplay between EVs and mitochondria and their potential implications in physiology and pathology. However, in this expanding field, much remains unknown regarding the function and mechanism of crosstalk between EVs and mitochondria and the transport of mitochondrial EVs. Herein, we shed light on the physiological and pathological functions of EVs and mitochondria, potential mechanisms underlying their interactions, delivery of mitochondria-rich EVs, and their clinical applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Meirui Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Le Fan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Lin Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Gen Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yiqiao Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Zhichao Hao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China.
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2
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Chen M, Qi Y, Zhang S, Du Y, Cheng H, Gao S. Molecular insights into programmed cell death in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17690. [PMID: 39006030 PMCID: PMC11246021 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly type of esophageal cancer. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an important pathway of cellular self-extermination and is closely involved in cancer progression. A detailed study of its mechanism may contribute to ESCC treatment. Methods We obtained expression profiling data of ESCC patients from public databases and genes related to 12 types of PCD from previous studies. Hub genes in ESCC were screened from PCD-related genes applying differential expression analysis, machine learning analysis, linear support vector machine (SVM), random forest and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis. In addition, based on the HTFtarget and TargetScan databases, transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs interacting with the hub genes were selected. The relationship between hub genes and immune cells were analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Finally, to verify the potential impact of the screened hub genes on ESCC occurrence and development, a series of in vitro cell experiments were conducted. Results We screened 149 PCD-related DEGs, of which five DEGs (INHBA, LRRK2, HSP90AA1, HSPB8, and EIF2AK2) were identified as the hub genes of ESCC. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the integrated model developed using the hub genes reached 0.997, showing a noticeably high diagnostic accuracy. The number of TFs and miRNAs regulating hub genes was 105 and 22, respectively. INHBA, HSP90AA1 and EIF2AK2 were overexpressed in cancer tissues and cells of ESCC. Notably, INHBA knockdown suppressed ECSS cell migration and invasion and altered the expression of important apoptotic and survival proteins. Conclusion This study identified significant molecules with promising accuracy for the diagnosis of ESCC, which may provide a new perspective and experimental basis for ESCC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- School of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yijun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yubo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shegan Gao
- School of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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3
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Dawoud MM, Abd El Samie Aiad H, Kasem NS, El Khouly EAB, Al-Sharaky DR. Is overexpression of CD163 and CD47 in tumour cells of breast carcinoma implicated in the recruitment of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumour microenvironment? immunohistochemical prognostic study. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2024; 45:342-361. [PMID: 38815282 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2024.2358879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Now, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are promoted. tumour -Associated Macrophages (TAMs) are an essential component of immune-response in breast cancer(BC) with prognostic controversy. Additionally, their recruiting factors are still obscure. Purpose:This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CD163 and CD47 in BC of No Special Type (BC-NST) and to explore their suggested role in recruiting TAMs. MATERIAL AND METHODS This immunohistochemical study was conducted on 91 archival specimens of breast cases. Immunoreactivity scores were correlated with TAMs density, clinicopathological data, and survival. RESULTS Revealed the highest CD163 expression was detected in the pure DCIS group (p = 0.016), while the highest CD47 expression and high TAMs density were reported in the invasive group (p = 0.008, and p = 0.002 respectively) followed by the DCIS group. In IC-NSTs the CD163 and CD47 scores were associated with poor prognostic parameters like(high grade, advanced stage, distant metastasis, ER negativity,Ki67 index, post-surgical chemotherapy, poor NPI group, high mitotic count, dense infiltration of TAMs, shorter OS). Also, CD47 was associated with the dens infiltration of TAMs in DCIS (p = 0.001). There was a significant correlation between tumour cell expression of CD163 and CD47 in IC-NSTs and DCIS (p = 0.002 and p = 0.009 respectively). CONCLUSIONS High CD163 and CD47 expressions in both DCIS andIBC are intimately associated, significantly associated with poor prognosis and are important provoking factors of TAMs.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Female
- CD47 Antigen/metabolism
- CD47 Antigen/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/immunology
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Immunohistochemistry
- Adult
- Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohammed Dawoud
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Al koom, Egypt
| | | | - Norhan Safwat Kasem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Al koom, Egypt
| | - Enas Abu-Bakr El Khouly
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Al koom, Egypt
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4
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Luo R, Le H, Wu Q, Gong C. Nanoplatform-Based In Vivo Gene Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2312153. [PMID: 38441386 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy uses modern molecular biology methods to repair disease-causing genes. As a burgeoning therapeutic, it has been widely applied for cancer therapy. Since 1989, there have been numerous clinical gene therapy cases worldwide. However, a few are successful. The main challenge of clinical gene therapy is the lack of efficient and safe vectors. Although viral vectors show high transfection efficiency, their application is still limited by immune rejection and packaging capacity. Therefore, the development of non-viral vectors is overwhelming. Nanoplatform-based non-viral vectors become a hotspot in gene therapy. The reasons are mainly as follows. 1) Non-viral vectors can be engineered to be uptaken by specific types of cells or tissues, providing effective targeting capability. 2) Non-viral vectors can protect goods that need to be delivered from degradation. 3) Nanoparticles can transport large-sized cargo such as CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids and nucleoprotein complexes. 4) Nanoparticles are highly biosafe, and they are not mutagenic in themselves compared to viral vectors. 5) Nanoparticles are easy to scale preparation, which is conducive to clinical conversion and application. Here, an overview of the categories of nanoplatform-based non-viral gene vectors, the limitations on their development, and their applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hao Le
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qinjie Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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5
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Xue E, Lee ACK, Chow KT, Ng DKP. Promotion and Detection of Cell-Cell Interactions through a Bioorthogonal Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17334-17347. [PMID: 38767615 PMCID: PMC11212048 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Manipulation of cell-cell interactions via cell surface modification is crucial in tissue engineering and cell-based therapy. To be able to monitor intercellular interactions, it can also provide useful information for understanding how the cells interact and communicate. We report herein a facile bioorthogonal strategy to promote and monitor cell-cell interactions. It involves the use of a maleimide-appended tetrazine-caged boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based fluorescent probe and a maleimide-substituted bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN) to modify the membrane of macrophage (RAW 264.7) and cancer (HT29, HeLa, and A431) cells, respectively, via maleimide-thiol conjugation. After modification, the two kinds of cells interact strongly through inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction of the surface tetrazine and BCN moieties. The coupling also disrupts the tetrazine quenching unit, restoring the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY core on the cell-cell interface, and promotes phagocytosis. Hence, this approach can promote and facilitate the detection of intercellular interactions, rendering it potentially useful for macrophage-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn
Y. Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan Chun Kit Lee
- School
of Life Sciences, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwan T. Chow
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, City University
of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
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6
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van Elsas MJ, Middelburg J, Labrie C, Roelands J, Schaap G, Sluijter M, Tonea R, Ovcinnikovs V, Lloyd K, Schuurman J, Riesenfeld SJ, Gajewski TF, de Miranda NFCC, van Hall T, van der Burg SH. Immunotherapy-activated T cells recruit and skew late-stage activated M1-like macrophages that are critical for therapeutic efficacy. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1032-1050.e10. [PMID: 38759656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Total tumor clearance through immunotherapy is associated with a fully coordinated innate and adaptive immune response, but knowledge on the exact contribution of each immune cell subset is limited. We show that therapy-induced intratumoral CD8+ T cells recruited and skewed late-stage activated M1-like macrophages, which were critical for effective tumor control in two different murine models of cancer immunotherapy. The activated CD8+ T cells summon these macrophages into the tumor and their close vicinity via CCR5 signaling. Exposure of non-polarized macrophages to activated T cell supernatant and tumor lysate recapitulates the late-stage activated and tumoricidal phenotype in vitro. The transcriptomic signature of these macrophages is also detected in a similar macrophage population present in human tumors and coincides with clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The requirement of a functional co-operation between CD8+ T cells and effector macrophages for effective immunotherapy gives warning to combinations with broad macrophage-targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit J van Elsas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Jim Middelburg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Camilla Labrie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica Roelands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Gaby Schaap
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Sluijter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Ruxandra Tonea
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas F Gajewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Noel F C C de Miranda
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands.
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7
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Singh B, Cui K, Eisa-Beygi S, Zhu B, Cowan DB, Shi J, Wang DZ, Liu Z, Bischoff J, Chen H. Elucidating the crosstalk between endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and endothelial autophagy in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 155:107368. [PMID: 38548093 PMCID: PMC11303600 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic systemic inflammatory condition, is implicated in most cardiovascular ischemic events. The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis involves various cell types and associated processes, including endothelial cell activation, monocyte recruitment, smooth muscle cell migration, involvement of macrophages and foam cells, and instability of the extracellular matrix. The process of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has recently emerged as a pivotal process in mediating vascular inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. This transition occurs gradually, with a significant portion of endothelial cells adopting an intermediate state, characterized by a partial loss of endothelial-specific gene expression and the acquisition of "mesenchymal" traits. Consequently, this shift disrupts endothelial cell junctions, increases vascular permeability, and exacerbates inflammation, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that drives atherosclerotic progression. While endothelial cell dysfunction initiates the development of atherosclerosis, autophagy, a cellular catabolic process designed to safeguard cells by recycling intracellular molecules, is believed to exert a significant role in plaque development. Identifying the pathological mechanisms and molecular mediators of EndoMT underpinning endothelial autophagy, may be of clinical relevance. Here, we offer new insights into the underlying biology of atherosclerosis and present potential molecular mechanisms of atherosclerotic resistance and highlight potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Singh
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shahram Eisa-Beygi
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Chuang ST, Stein JB, Nevins S, Kilic Bektas C, Choi HK, Ko WK, Jang H, Ha J, Lee KB. Enhancing CAR Macrophage Efferocytosis Via Surface Engineered Lipid Nanoparticles Targeting LXR Signaling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308377. [PMID: 38353580 PMCID: PMC11081841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The removal of dying cells, or efferocytosis, is an indispensable part of resolving inflammation. However, the inflammatory microenvironment of the atherosclerotic plaque frequently affects the biology of both apoptotic cells and resident phagocytes, rendering efferocytosis dysfunctional. To overcome this problem, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) macrophage that can target and engulf phagocytosis-resistant apoptotic cells expressing CD47 is developed. In both normal and inflammatory circumstances, CAR macrophages exhibit activity equivalent to antibody blockage. The surface of CAR macrophages is modified with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive therapeutic nanoparticles targeting the liver X receptor pathway to improve their cell effector activities. The combination of CAR and nanoparticle engineering activated lipid efflux pumps enhances cell debris clearance and reduces inflammation. It is further suggested that the undifferentiated CAR-Ms can transmigrate within a mico-fabricated vessel system. It is also shown that our CAR macrophage can act as a chimeric switch receptor (CSR) to withstand the immunosuppressive inflammatory environment. The developed platform has the potential to contribute to the advancement of next-generation cardiovascular disease therapies and further studies include in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar T Chuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joshua B Stein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Sarah Nevins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Cemile Kilic Bektas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hye Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Wan-Kyu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hyunjun Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jihun Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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9
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Brown GC. Cell death by phagocytosis. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:91-102. [PMID: 37604896 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells can die as a consequence of being phagocytosed by other cells - a form of cell death that has been called phagotrophy, cell cannibalism, programmed cell removal and primary phagocytosis. However, these are all different manifestations of cell death by phagocytosis (termed 'phagoptosis' for short). The engulfed cells die as a result of cytotoxic oxidants, peptides and degradative enzymes within acidic phagolysosomes. Cell death by phagocytosis was discovered by Metchnikov in the 1880s, but was neglected until recently. It is now known to contribute to developmental cell death in nematodes, Drosophila and mammals, and is central to innate and adaptive immunity against pathogens. Cell death by phagocytosis mediates physiological turnover of erythrocytes and other leucocytes, making it the most abundant form of cell death in the mammalian body. Immunity against cancer is also partly mediated by macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells, but cancer cells can also phagocytose host cells and other cancer cells in order to survive. Recent evidence indicates neurodegeneration and other neuropathologies can be mediated by microglial phagocytosis of stressed neurons. Thus, despite cell death by phagocytosis being poorly recognized, it is one of the oldest, commonest and most important forms of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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10
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Zhou X, Li D, Xia S, Ma X, Li R, Mu Y, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Zhuo W, Ding K, Lin A, Liu W, Liu X, Zhou T. RNA-based modulation of macrophage-mediated efferocytosis potentiates antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer. J Control Release 2024; 366:128-141. [PMID: 38104775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages play pivotal roles in tumor progression and metastasis. Macrophage-mediated clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) supports inflammation resolution, contributing to immune evasion in colorectal cancers. To reverse this immunosuppressive process, we propose a readily translatable RNA therapy to selectively inhibit macrophage-mediated efferocytosis in tumor microenvironment. A clinically approved lipid nanoparticle platform (LNP) is employed to encapsulate siRNA for the phagocytic receptor MerTK (siMerTK), enabling selective MerTK inhibition in the diseased organ. Decreased MerTK expression in tumor-associated macrophages results in apoptotic cell accumulation and immune activation in tumor microenvironment, leading to suppressed tumor growth and better survival in both liver and peritoneal metastasis models of colorectal cancers. siMerTK delivery combined with PD-1 blockade further produces enhanced antimetastatic efficacy with reactivated intratumoral immune milieu. Collectively, LNP-based siMerTK delivery combined with immune checkpoint therapy may present a feasible modality for metastatic colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhou
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China.
| | - Dezhi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Shenglong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xixi Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongli Mu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zimo Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Liu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Xiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China.
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China.
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11
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Shoham M, Yiu YY, Hansen PS, Subramaniam A, Broberg M, Gars E, Raveh T, FinnGen, Weissman IL, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Krishnan A, Ollila HM, Tal MC. SIRPα controls CD47-dependent platelet clearance in mice and humans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.09.570874. [PMID: 38106070 PMCID: PMC10723388 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.09.570874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, more data has revealed that increased surface expression of the "don't eat me" CD47 protein on cancer cells plays a role in immune evasion and tumor progression, with CD47 blockade emerging as a new therapy in immuno-oncology. CD47 is critical in regulating cell homeostasis and clearance, as binding of CD47 to the inhibitory receptor SIRPα can prevent phagocytosis and macrophage-mediated cell clearance. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the CD47-SIRPα signal in platelet homeostasis and clearance. Therapeutic reagents targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis are very promising for treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, but lead to transient anemia or thrombocytopenia in a subset of patients. We found that platelet homeostatic clearance is regulated through the CD47-SIRPα axis and that therapeutic blockade to disrupt this interaction in mice and in humans has a significant impact on platelet levels. Furthermore, we identified genetic variations at the SIRPA locus that impact platelet levels in humans such that higher SIRPA gene expression is associated with higher platelet levels. SIRPA expression at either end of the normal range may affect clinical outcomes of treatment with anti-CD47 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Shoham
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ying Ying Yiu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paige S. Hansen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aanya Subramaniam
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Broberg
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eric Gars
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tal Raveh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Irving L. Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Metabolism Program and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hanna M. Ollila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute for Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
- Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michal Caspi Tal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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12
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Zhou J, Xiang H, Cao Z. Dual mechanism of Let-7i in tumor progression. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1253191. [PMID: 37829341 PMCID: PMC10565035 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1253191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Let-7i regulates tumors primarily by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of mRNA, which indirectly regulates post-transcriptional gene expression. Let-7i also has an epigenetic function via modulating DNA methylation to directly regulate gene expression. Let-7i performs a dual role by inducing both the promotion and inhibition of various malignancies, depending on its target. The mechanism of Let-7i action involves cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EV transmission, angiogenesis, autophagy, and drug resistance sensitization. Let-7i is closely related to cancer, and hence, is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers. Therapeutically, it can be used to promote an anti-cancer immune response by modifying exosomes, thus exerting a tumor-suppressive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongjie Xiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqun Cao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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13
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Chen K, Zhang Z, Fang Z, Zhang J, Liu Q, Dong W, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang J. Aged-Signal-Eliciting Nanoparticles Stimulated Macrophage-Mediated Programmed Removal of Inflammatory Neutrophils. ACS NANO 2023; 17:13903-13916. [PMID: 37458397 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Excessive infiltration of activated neutrophils is regarded as a predominant cause of tissue injury in neutrophilic inflammation. Although programmed cell death like apoptosis maintains the homeostasis of activated neutrophils, this process is disrupted by an abnormal inflammatory response. Unlike endogenous calreticulin exposed during apoptosis, exogenous calreticulin acts as an "aged" signal and initiates premature macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal (PrCR), which is independent of apoptosis. Here, we report a nano-mediated strategy to stimulate the precise clearance of activated neutrophils initiated with artificial aged signal and alleviated inflammation. Polymeric nanoparticles PC@PLGA were fabricated by cloaking poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with a hybrid membrane derived from platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs, denoted by P) and the calreticulin-expressed membrane obtained from doxorubicin-treated cells (denoted by C). P-selectin in PEVs favors PC@PLGA to anchor activated neutrophils, while calreticulin mimics exogenous "aged" signal secreted by macrophages to trigger PrCR. We showed that PC@PLGA specifically targeted activated neutrophils and misled macrophages to recognize them as "aged" neutrophils and then initiated premature PrCR and prevented proinflammatory response and tissue damage in a mouse model of acute lung injury and severe acute pancreatitis. The collective findings indicate the efficiency of specific elimination of activated neutrophils with exogenous aged signal in improving inflammation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Intelligent Nanomedicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511442, China
| | - Ziyuan Fang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Intelligent Nanomedicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wang Dong
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Intelligent Nanomedicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511442, China
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14
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Pervaiz N, Kathuria I, Aithabathula RV, Singla B. Matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development. Matrix Biol 2023; 120:1-23. [PMID: 37086928 PMCID: PMC10225360 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of various multi-domain macromolecules like collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, etc., that form a structurally stable composite, contributing to the mechanical properties of tissue. However, matricellular proteins are non-structural, secretory extracellular matrix proteins, which modulate various cellular functions via interacting with cell surface receptors, proteases, hormones, and cell-matrix. They play essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, and several signal transduction pathways. Matricellular proteins display a broad functionality regulated by their multiple structural domains and their ability to interact with different extracellular substrates and/or cell surface receptors. The expression of these proteins is low in adults, however, gets upregulated following injuries, inflammation, and during tumor growth. The marked elevation in the expression of these proteins during atherosclerosis suggests a positive association between their expression and atherosclerotic lesion formation. The role of matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development has remained an area of research interest in the last two decades and studies revealed these proteins as important players in governing vascular function, remodeling, and plaque formation. Despite extensive research, many aspects of the matrix protein biology in atherosclerosis are still unknown and future studies are required to investigate whether targeting pathways stimulated by these proteins represent viable therapeutic approaches for patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This review summarizes the characteristics of distinct matricellular proteins, discusses the available literature on the involvement of matrix proteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and suggests new avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ishita Kathuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ravi Varma Aithabathula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
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15
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Karami Fath M, Garousi S, Mottahedi M, Ghasemzadeh N, Salmani K, Olfati F, Beit Saeed M, Sotoudeh S, Barati G. The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in breast cancer stem cell specification. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154349. [PMID: 36791562 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast tumor is heterogeneous cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in developing countries. Despite new efforts to reduce the breast cancer implications, the number of newly diagnosed cases is increasing worldwide. It is believed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for the implication of cancers including breast cancer. Although CSCs compose a small population in tumor bulks, they play a crucial role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance. These events are mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway which regulates the transcription of genes involved in CSC maintenance and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms by which hypoxia- or chemotherapy-induced HIFs promote breast CSC specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Garousi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mottahedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Kiana Salmani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Olfati
- Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miad Beit Saeed
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Abadan Islamic Azad University, Abadan, Iran
| | - Sina Sotoudeh
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran
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16
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Senders ML, Calcagno C, Tawakol A, Nahrendorf M, Mulder WJM, Fayad ZA. PET/MR imaging of inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:202-220. [PMID: 36522465 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, stroke, mental disorders, neurodegenerative processes, autoimmune diseases, cancer and the human immunodeficiency virus impact the haematopoietic system, which through immunity and inflammation may aggravate pre-existing atherosclerosis. The interplay between the haematopoietic system and its modulation of atherosclerosis has been studied by imaging the cardiovascular system and the activation of haematopoietic organs via scanners integrating positron emission tomography and resonance imaging (PET/MRI). In this Perspective, we review the applicability of integrated whole-body PET/MRI for the study of immune-mediated phenomena associated with haematopoietic activity and cardiovascular disease, and discuss the translational opportunities and challenges of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Senders
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Hu H, Cheng R, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu J, Kong Y, Zhan S, Zhou Z, Zhu H, Yu R, Liang G, Wang Q, Zhu X, Zhang CY, Yin R, Yan C, Chen X. Oncogenic KRAS signaling drives evasion of innate immune surveillance in lung adenocarcinoma by activating CD47. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:153470. [PMID: 36413402 PMCID: PMC9843062 DOI: 10.1172/jci153470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS is one of the most frequently activated oncogenes in human cancers. Although the role of KRAS mutation in tumorigenesis and tumor maintenance has been extensively studied, the relationship between KRAS and the tumor immune microenvironment is not fully understood. Here, we identified a role of KRAS in driving tumor evasion from innate immune surveillance. In samples of lung adenocarcinoma from patients and Kras-driven genetic mouse models of lung cancer, mutant KRAS activated the expression of cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), an antiphagocytic signal in cancer cells, leading to decreased phagocytosis of cancer cells by macrophages. Mechanistically, mutant KRAS activated PI3K/STAT3 signaling, which restrained miR-34a expression and relieved the posttranscriptional repression of miR-34a on CD47. In 3 independent cohorts of patients with lung cancer, the KRAS mutation status positively correlated with CD47 expression. Therapeutically, disruption of the KRAS/CD47 signaling axis with KRAS siRNA, the KRASG12C inhibitor AMG 510, or a miR-34a mimic suppressed CD47 expression, enhanced the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, and restored innate immune surveillance. Our results reveal a direct mechanistic link between active KRAS and innate immune evasion and identify CD47 as a major effector underlying the KRAS-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongjie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Cancer Stem Cell Laboratory, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yanbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Yan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Shoubin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Zhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Ranran Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Gaoli Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Qingyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Xiaoju Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China.,Biobank of Lung Cancer, Jiangsu Biobank of Clinical Resources, Nanjing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, and,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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18
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Paul B, Liedtke M, Khouri J, Rifkin R, Gandhi MD, Kin A, Levy MY, Silbermann R, Cottini F, Sborov DW, Sandhu I, Villarreal L, Murphy M, Gu L, Chen A, Rajakumaraswamy N, Usmani SZ. A phase II multi-arm study of magrolimab combinations in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Future Oncol 2023; 19:7-17. [PMID: 36779512 PMCID: PMC10463212 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magrolimab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks CD47, a 'do not eat me' signal overexpressed on tumor cells. CD47 is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM), which contributes to its pathogenesis. Preclinical studies have shown that CD47 blockade induces macrophage activation, resulting in elimination of myeloma cells, and that there is synergy between magrolimab and certain anticancer therapies. These findings suggest that magrolimab-based combinations may have a therapeutic benefit in MM. This phase II study investigates magrolimab in combination with commonly used myeloma therapies in patients with relapsed/refractory MM and includes a safety run-in phase followed by a dose-expansion phase. Primary end points include the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities and adverse events (safety run-in) and the objective response rate (dose expansion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Paul
- Levine Cancer Institute, Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Michaela Liedtke
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jack Khouri
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Robert Rifkin
- Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, US Oncology Research, Denver, CO 80218, USA
| | | | - Andrew Kin
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Moshe Y Levy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Rebecca Silbermann
- Oregon Health & Science University, Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Francesca Cottini
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Douglas W Sborov
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Irwindeep Sandhu
- Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Department of Oncology, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | | | | | - Lin Gu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Ann Chen
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | | | - Saad Z Usmani
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, USA
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19
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Marquardt V, Theruvath J, Pauck D, Picard D, Qin N, Blümel L, Maue M, Bartl J, Ahmadov U, Langini M, Meyer FD, Cole A, Cruz-Cruz J, Graef CM, Wölfl M, Milde T, Witt O, Erdreich-Epstein A, Leprivier G, Kahlert U, Stefanski A, Stühler K, Keir ST, Bigner DD, Hauer J, Beez T, Knobbe-Thomsen CB, Fischer U, Felsberg J, Hansen FK, Vibhakar R, Venkatraman S, Cheshier SH, Reifenberger G, Borkhardt A, Kurz T, Remke M, Mitra S. Tacedinaline (CI-994), a class I HDAC inhibitor, targets intrinsic tumor growth and leptomeningeal dissemination in MYC-driven medulloblastoma while making them susceptible to anti-CD47-induced macrophage phagocytosis via NF-kB-TGM2 driven tumor inflammation. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005871. [PMID: 36639156 PMCID: PMC9843227 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While major advances have been made in improving the quality of life and survival of children with most forms of medulloblastoma (MB), those with MYC-driven tumors (Grp3-MB) still suffer significant morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to explore multimodal therapeutic regimens which are effective and safe for children. Large-scale studies have revealed abnormal cancer epigenomes caused by mutations and structural alterations of chromatin modifiers, aberrant DNA methylation, and histone modification signatures. Therefore, targeting epigenetic modifiers for cancer treatment has gained increasing interest, and inhibitors for various epigenetic modulators have been intensively studied in clinical trials. Here, we report a cross-entity, epigenetic drug screen to evaluate therapeutic vulnerabilities in MYC amplified MB, which sensitizes them to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by targeting the CD47-signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) innate checkpoint pathway. METHODS We performed a primary screen including 78 epigenetic inhibitors and a secondary screen including 20 histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) to compare response profiles in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT, n=11), MB (n=14), and glioblastoma (n=14). This unbiased approach revealed the preferential activity of HDACi in MYC-driven MB. Importantly, the class I selective HDACi, CI-994, showed significant cell viability reduction mediated by induction of apoptosis in MYC-driven MB, with little-to-no activity in non-MYC-driven MB, AT/RT, and glioblastoma in vitro. We tested the combinatorial effect of targeting class I HDACs and the CD47-SIRPa phagocytosis checkpoint pathway using in vitro phagocytosis assays and in vivo orthotopic xenograft models. RESULTS CI-994 displayed antitumoral effects at the primary site and the metastatic compartment in two orthotopic mouse models of MYC-driven MB. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) pathway induction as a response to CI-994 treatment, followed by transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) expression, which enhanced inflammatory cytokine secretion. We further show interferon-γ release and cell surface expression of engulfment ('eat-me') signals (such as calreticulin). Finally, combining CI-994 treatment with an anti-CD47 mAb targeting the CD47-SIRPα phagocytosis checkpoint enhanced in vitro phagocytosis and survival in tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSION Together, these findings suggest a dynamic relationship between MYC amplification and innate immune suppression in MYC amplified MB and support further investigation of phagocytosis modulation as a strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Marquardt
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Theruvath
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for StemCell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Pauck
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nan Qin
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena Blümel
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mara Maue
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jasmin Bartl
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulvi Ahmadov
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maike Langini
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frauke-Dorothee Meyer
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Allison Cole
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Claus M Graef
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for StemCell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthias Wölfl
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Till Milde
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Witt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anat Erdreich-Epstein
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics and the Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gabriel Leprivier
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulf Kahlert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen T Keir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Darell D Bigner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Beez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane B Knobbe-Thomsen
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Felsberg
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Finn K Hansen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Samuel H Cheshier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Siddhartha Mitra
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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20
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Jiang D, Burger CA, Akhanov V, Liang JH, Mackin RD, Albrecht NE, Andrade P, Schafer DP, Samuel MA. Neuronal signal-regulatory protein alpha drives microglial phagocytosis by limiting microglial interaction with CD47 in the retina. Immunity 2022; 55:2318-2335.e7. [PMID: 36379210 PMCID: PMC9772037 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microglia utilize their phagocytic activity to prune redundant synapses and refine neural circuits during precise developmental periods. However, the neuronal signals that control this phagocytic clockwork remain largely undefined. Here, we show that neuronal signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a permissive cue for microglial phagocytosis in the developing murine retina. Removal of neuronal, but not microglial, SIRPα reduced microglial phagocytosis, increased synpase numbers, and impaired circuit function. Conversely, prolonging neuronal SIRPα expression extended developmental microglial phagocytosis. These outcomes depended on the interaction of presynaptic SIRPα with postsynaptic CD47. Global CD47 deficiency modestly increased microglial phagocytosis, while CD47 overexpression reduced it. This effect was rescued by coexpression of neuronal SIRPα or codeletion of neuronal SIRPα and CD47. These data indicate that neuronal SIRPα regulates microglial phagocytosis by limiting microglial SIRPα access to neuronal CD47. This discovery may aid our understanding of synapse loss in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danye Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Courtney A Burger
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Viktor Akhanov
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Justine H Liang
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert D Mackin
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas E Albrecht
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pilar Andrade
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Melanie A Samuel
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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21
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CDKN1A is a target for phagocytosis-mediated cellular immunotherapy in acute leukemia. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6739. [PMID: 36347876 PMCID: PMC9643439 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the reprogramming and phagocytic capacities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has emerged as a therapeutic opportunity for cancer treatment. Here, we demonstrate that tumor cell phagocytosis drives the pro-inflammatory activation of TAMs and identify a key role for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A (p21). Through the transcriptional repression of Signal-Regularity Protein α (SIRPα), p21 promotes leukemia cell phagocytosis and, subsequently, the pro-inflammatory reprogramming of phagocytic macrophages that extends to surrounding macrophages through Interferon γ. In mouse models of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), infusion of human monocytes (Mos) engineered to overexpress p21 (p21TD-Mos) leads to Mo differentiation into phagocytosis-proficient TAMs that, after leukemia cell engulfment, undergo pro-inflammatory activation and trigger the reprogramming of bystander TAMs, reducing the leukemic burden and substantially prolonging survival in mice. These results reveal p21 as a trigger of phagocytosis-guided pro-inflammatory TAM reprogramming and highlight the potential for p21TD-Mo-based cellular therapy as a cancer immunotherapy.
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22
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Saha A, Blazar BR. Antibody based conditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1031334. [PMID: 36341432 PMCID: PMC9632731 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1031334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative therapeutic option for many patients with hematological malignancies and nonmalignant hematopoietic disorders. To achieve stable engraftment of donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), recipient HSC deletion is needed to create space for incoming donor HSCs and donor HSCs must escape immune rejection by the recipient. Conventional allo-HSCT requires high dose of irradiation and/or chemotherapy to produce sufficient host stem cell and immune system ablation to permit donor HSC engraftment. However, these procedures also result in nonspecific tissue injury that can cause short- and long-term adverse effects as well as incite and amplify graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). The delivery of targeted radiotherapy to hematopoietic tissues with the use of a radioimmunoconjugate (ROIC) as a part of transplant preparative regimen has shown clinical benefits. ROIC clinical data provide evidence for decreased relapse without increased transplant-related mortality by delivering higher targeted radiation to sites of malignancy than when given in a nontargeted fashion. An alternative approach to allo-HSCT has been developed and tested in preclinical mouse models in which nonmyeloablative preconditioning with low dose of the alkylating agent (busulfan) or lower systemic dose of irradiation combined with co-stimulatory pathway blockade (CTLA4-Ig, anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody) and/or immunosuppressive drugs have been used. Under these conditions, mixed chimerism and transplantation tolerance to fully MHC mismatched donor marrow was observed. Recently, several novel proof-of-concept antibody-mediated preconditioning methods have been developed that can selectively target hematopoietic stem and immune cells with minimal overall toxicity. Antibody-drug-conjugate (ADC) combined with reduced intensity conditioning or high dose ADC as single dose monotherapy have shown promise for allo-HSCT in preclinical models. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the literature exploring antibody-based conditioning that includes native antibody, radiolabeled antibody conjugates, and ADC for allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Saha
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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23
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Comparisons of cell proliferation and cell death from tornaria larva to juvenile worm in the hemichordate Schizocardium californicum. EvoDevo 2022; 13:13. [PMID: 35668535 PMCID: PMC9169294 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-022-00198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are a wide range of developmental strategies in animal phyla, but most insights into adult body plan formation come from direct-developing species. For indirect-developing species, there are distinct larval and adult body plans that are linked together by metamorphosis. Some outstanding questions in the development of indirect-developing organisms include the extent to which larval tissue undergoes cell death during the process of metamorphosis and when and where the tissue that will give rise to the adult originates. How do the processes of cell division and cell death redesign the body plans of indirect developers? In this study, we present patterns of cell proliferation and cell death during larval body plan development, metamorphosis, and adult body plan formation, in the hemichordate Schizocardium californium (Cameron and Perez in Zootaxa 3569:79–88, 2012) to answer these questions. Results We identified distinct patterns of cell proliferation between larval and adult body plan formation of S. californicum. We found that some adult tissues proliferate during the late larval phase prior to the start of overt metamorphosis. In addition, using an irradiation and transcriptomic approach, we describe a genetic signature of proliferative cells that is shared across the life history states, as well as markers that are unique to larval or juvenile states. Finally, we observed that cell death is minimal in larval stages but begins with the onset of metamorphosis. Conclusions Cell proliferation during the development of S. californicum has distinct patterns in the formation of larval and adult body plans. However, cell death is very limited in larvae and begins during the onset of metamorphosis and into early juvenile development in specific domains. The populations of cells that proliferated and gave rise to the larvae and juveniles have a genetic signature that suggested a heterogeneous pool of proliferative progenitors, rather than a set-aside population of pluripotent cells. Taken together, we propose that the gradual morphological transformation of S. californicum is mirrored at the cellular level and may be more representative of the development strategies that characterize metamorphosis in many metazoan animals. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13227-022-00198-1.
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24
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Cao X, Lai SWT, Chen S, Wang S, Feng M. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages for cancer immunotherapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 368:61-108. [PMID: 35636930 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most abundant immune components in the tumor microenvironment and play a plethora of roles in regulating tumorigenesis. Therefore, the therapeutic targeting of TAMs has emerged as a new paradigm for immunotherapy of cancer. Herein, the review summarizes the origin, polarization, and function of TAMs in the progression of malignant diseases. The understanding of such knowledge leads to several distinct therapeutic strategies to manipulate TAMs to battle cancer, which include those to reduce TAM abundance, such as depleting TAMs or inhibiting their recruitment and differentiation, and those to harness or boost the anti-tumor activities of TAMs such as blocking phagocytosis checkpoints, inducing antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, and reprogramming TAM polarization. In addition, modulation of TAMs may reshape the tumor microenvironment and therefore synergize with other cancer therapeutics. Therefore, the rational combination of TAM-targeting therapeutics with conventional therapies including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and other immunotherapies is also reviewed. Overall, targeting TAMs presents itself as a promising strategy to add to the growing repertoire of treatment approaches in the fight against cancer, and it is hopeful that these approaches currently being pioneered will serve to vastly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
| | - Seigmund W T Lai
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Sadira Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
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25
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Cao X, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhong X, Gunes EG, Dang J, Wang J, Epstein AL, Querfeld C, Sun Z, Rosen ST, Feng M. Targeting macrophages for enhancing CD47 blockade-elicited lymphoma clearance and overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression. Blood 2022; 139:3290-3302. [PMID: 35134139 PMCID: PMC9164740 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are often the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Strategies targeting TAMs to enable tumor cell killing through cellular phagocytosis have emerged as promising cancer immunotherapy. Although several phagocytosis checkpoints have been identified, the desired efficacy has not yet been achieved by blocking such checkpoints in preclinical models or clinical trials. Here, we showed that late-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was resistant to therapy targeting phagocytosis checkpoint CD47 due to the compromised capacity of TAMs to phagocytose lymphoma cells. Via a high-throughput screening of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved anticancer small molecule compounds, we identified paclitaxel as a potentiator that promoted the clearance of lymphoma by directly evoking phagocytic capability of macrophages, independently of paclitaxel's chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity toward NHL cells. A combination with paclitaxel dramatically enhanced the anticancer efficacy of CD47-targeted therapy toward late-stage NHL. Analysis of TME by single-cell RNA sequencing identified paclitaxel-induced TAM populations with an upregulation of genes for tyrosine kinase signaling. The activation of Src family tyrosine kinases signaling in macrophages by paclitaxel promoted phagocytosis against NHL cells. In addition, we identified a role of paclitaxel in modifying the TME by preventing the accumulation of a TAM subpopulation that was only present in late-stage lymphoma resistant to CD47-targeted therapy. Our findings identify a novel and effective strategy for NHL treatment by remodeling TME to enable the tumoricidal roles of TAMs. Furthermore, we characterize TAM subgroups that determine the efficiency of lymphoma phagocytosis in the TME and can be potential therapeutic targets to unleash the antitumor activities of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute
| | | | - Wencan Zhang
- Department of Immunology & Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute
| | - Xiancai Zhong
- Department of Immunology & Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute
| | - E Gulsen Gunes
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, and
| | - Jessica Dang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Alan L Epstein
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Christiane Querfeld
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, and
- Division of Dermatology
- Department of Pathology, and
| | - Zuoming Sun
- Department of Immunology & Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, and
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute
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26
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Yiu YY, Hansen PS, Torrez Dulgeroff LB, Blacker G, Myers L, Galloway S, Gars E, Colace O, Mansfield P, Hasenkrug KJ, Weissman IL, Tal MC. CD47 Blockade Leads to Chemokine-Dependent Monocyte Infiltration and Loss of B Cells from the Splenic Marginal Zone. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 208:1371-1377. [PMID: 35236754 PMCID: PMC9012117 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD47 is an important innate immune checkpoint through its interaction with its inhibitory receptor on macrophages, signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα). Therapeutic blockade of CD47-SIRPα interactions is a promising immuno-oncology treatment that promotes clearance of cancer cells. However, CD47-SIRPα interactions also maintain homeostatic lymphocyte levels. In this study, we report that the mouse splenic marginal zone B cell population is dependent on intact CD47-SIRPα interactions and blockade of CD47 leads to the loss of these cells. This depletion is accompanied by elevated levels of monocyte-recruiting chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 and infiltration of CCR2+Ly6Chi monocytes into the mouse spleen. In the absence of CCR2 signaling, there is no infiltration and reduced marginal zone B cell depletion. These data suggest that CD47 blockade leads to clearance of splenic marginal zone B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Yiu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Paige S Hansen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Laughing Bear Torrez Dulgeroff
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Grace Blacker
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Lara Myers
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT
| | - Sarah Galloway
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Eric Gars
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Olivia Colace
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Paul Mansfield
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Kim J Hasenkrug
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA;
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; and
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Michal Caspi Tal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA;
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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27
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Wang C, Sallman DA. Targeting the cluster of differentiation 47/signal-regulatory protein alpha axis in myeloid malignancies. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:44-52. [PMID: 34854834 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The antitumor activity of macrophages is regulated by a balance of prophagocytic and antiphagocytic signals. Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), the dominant macrophage immune checkpoint ('do not eat me' signal), interacts with its receptor signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) to suppress phagocytic activities. This axis plays a pivotal role in immune evasion in myeloid malignancies as well as multiple cancers providing strong rationale for therapeutic exploitation. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical studies have revealed overexpression of CD47 on leukemic stem cells and myeloblasts from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which contributes to immune surveillance evasion and is associated with poor outcomes. Blockade of CD47 with different approaches has demonstrated proof-of-concept antitumor activities mainly through phagocytic clearance. Early phase clinical trials combining the anti-CD47 mAb magrolimab with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine have showed synergistic activities, deep and durable responses, as well as a tolerable safety profile in these patients, including those with TP53 mutations. SUMMARY Targeting CD47/SIRPα axis, in combination with other therapeutic agents, represents a promising treatment approach for patients with myeloid malignancies, particularly the challenging TP53-mutated subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - David A Sallman
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Singla B, Lin HP, Ahn W, Xu J, Ma Q, Sghayyer M, Dong K, Cherian-Shaw M, Zhou J, Huo Y, White J, Csányi G. Loss of myeloid cell-specific SIRPα, but not CD47, attenuates inflammation and suppresses atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:3097-3111. [PMID: 34940829 PMCID: PMC9732525 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inhibitors of the anti-phagocytic CD47-SIRPα immune checkpoint are currently in clinical development for a variety of haematological and solid tumours. Application of immune checkpoint inhibitors to the cardiovascular field is limited by the lack of preclinical studies using genetic models of CD47 and SIRPα inhibition. In this study, we comprehensively analysed the effects of global and cell-specific SIRPα and CD47 deletion on atherosclerosis development. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that both SIRPα and CD47 expression are increased in human atherosclerotic arteries and primarily co-localize to CD68+ areas in the plaque region. Hypercholesterolaemic mice homozygous for a Sirpa mutant lacking the signalling cytoplasmic region (Sirpamut/mut) and myeloid cell-specific Sirpa-knockout mice are protected from atherosclerosis. Further, global Cd47-/- mice are protected from atherosclerosis but myeloid cell-specific deletion of Cd47 increased atherosclerosis development. Using a combination of techniques, we show that loss of SIRPα signalling in macrophages stimulates efferocytosis, reduces cholesterol accumulation, promotes lipid efflux, and attenuates oxidized LDL-induced inflammation in vitro and induces M2 macrophage phenotype and inhibits necrotic core formation in the arterial wall in vivo. Conversely, loss of myeloid cell CD47 inhibited efferocytosis, impaired cholesterol efflux, augmented cellular inflammation, stimulated M1 polarization, and failed to decrease necrotic core area in atherosclerotic vessels. Finally, comprehensive blood cell analysis demonstrated lower haemoglobin and erythrocyte levels in Cd47-/- mice compared with wild-type and Sirpamut/mut mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings identify SIRPα as a potential target in atherosclerosis and suggest the importance of cell-specific CD47 inhibition as a future therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Singla
- Present address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Hui-Ping Lin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - WonMo Ahn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jiean Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Qian Ma
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Moses Sghayyer
- Medical Scholars Program, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Joseph White
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Corresponding author. Tel: +1 706 721 1437; fax: +1 706 721 9799, E-mail:
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29
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Dizman N, Buchbinder EI. Cancer Therapy Targeting CD47/SIRPα. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246229. [PMID: 34944850 PMCID: PMC8699673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The interaction between cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on cancer cells and signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, generates a “don’t eat me” signal. This is a common mechanism that provides cancer cells an escape from the innate immune system. Several therapeutics directed to CD47 or SIRPα have entered early clinical trials in recent years. In this article, we review the role of CD47/SIRPα axis in cancer, and summarize the literature on the efficacy and safety of therapeutics targeting CD47 or SIRPα. We also discuss the future implementation of these therapeutics in the treatments of various cancer types. Abstract In the past decade, the field of cancer immunotherapy has rapidly advanced, establishing a crucial role for immune checkpoint blockers in the treatment of a variety of cancer types. In parallel with these remarkable clinical developments, further efforts have focused on ways of unleashing adaptive immune responses against cancer. CD47, a cell surface molecule overexpressed by several cancer types that facilitates immune escape from macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells, and its ligand SIRPα, have emerged as potential therapeutic targets. A number of agents directed to CD47/SIRPα have been developed and demonstrated preclinical activity. Early phase clinical trials are investigating CD47/SIRPα directed agents with available data, suggesting safety and preliminary activity. Herein, we provide an overview of the mechanistic rationale of targeting CD47/SIRPα axis and associated clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Dizman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Elizabeth I. Buchbinder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence:
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30
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Vaccination against Cancer or Infectious Agents during Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9121396. [PMID: 34960142 PMCID: PMC8706349 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9121396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has substantially increased the overall survival of cancer patients and has revolutionized the therapeutic situation in oncology. However, not all patients and cancer types respond to ICI, or become resistant over time. Combining ICIs with therapeutic cancer vaccines is a promising option as vaccination may help to overcome resistance to immunotherapies while immunotherapies may increase immune responses to the particular cancer vaccine by reinvigorating exhausted T cells. Thus, it would be possible to reprogram a response with appropriate vaccines, using a particular cancer antigen and a corresponding ICI. Target populations include currently untreatable cancer patients or those who receive treatment regimens with high risk of serious side effects. In addition, with the increased use of ICI in clinical practice, questions arise regarding safety and efficacy of administration of conventional vaccines, such as influenza or COVID-19 vaccines, during active ICI treatment. This review discusses the main principles of prophylactic and therapeutic cancer vaccines, the potential impact on combining therapeutic cancer vaccines with ICI, and briefly summarizes the current knowledge of safety and effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines in ICI-treated patients.
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31
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Jacqueline C, Dracz M, Boothman S, Minden JS, Gottschalk RA, Finn OJ. Identification of Cell Surface Molecules That Determine the Macrophage Activation Threshold Associated With an Early Stage of Malignant Transformation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749597. [PMID: 34712237 PMCID: PMC8546176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of immune cells to sense changes associated with malignant transformation as early as possible is likely to be important for the successful outcome of cancer immunosurveillance. In this process, the immune system faces a trade-off between elimination of cells harboring premalignant or malignant changes, and autoimmune pathologies. We hypothesized that the immune system has therefore evolved a threshold for the stage of transformation from normal to fully malignant cells that first provides a threat (danger) signal requiring a response. We co-cultured human macrophages with a unique set of genetically related human cell lines that recapitulate successive stages in breast cancer development: MCF10A (immortalized, normal); MCFNeoT (benign hyperplasia); MCFT1 (atypical hyperplasia); MCFCA1 (invasive cancer). Using cytokines-based assays, we found that macrophages were inert towards MCF10A and MCFNeoT but were strongly activated by MCFT1 and MCFCA1 to produce inflammatory cytokines, placing the threshold for recognition between two premalignant stages, the earlier stage MCFNeoT and the more advanced MCFT1. The cytokine activation threshold paralleled the threshold for enhanced phagocytosis. Using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches, we identified surface molecules, some of which are well-known tumor-associated antigens, that were absent or expressed at low levels in MCF10A and MCFNeoT but turned on or over-expressed in MCFT1 and MCFCA1. Adding antibodies specific for two of these molecules, Annexin-A1 and CEACAM1, inhibited macrophage activation, supporting their role as cancer "danger signals" recognized by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacqueline
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew Dracz
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sarah Boothman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Minden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rachel A. Gottschalk
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Olivera J. Finn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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32
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Abstract
Effective regulation of immune-cell activation is critical for ensuring that the immune response, and inflammation generated for the purpose of pathogen elimination, are limited in space and time to minimize tissue damage. Autoimmune disease can occur when immunoreceptor signaling is dysregulated, leading to unrestrained inflammation and organ damage. Conversely, tumors can coopt the tissue healing and immunosuppressive functions of hematopoietic cells to promote metastasis and evade therapy. The Src-family kinase Lyn is an essential regulator of immunoreceptor signaling, initiating both proinflammatory and suppressive signaling pathways in myeloid immune cells (eg, neutrophils, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages) and in B lymphocytes. Defects in Lyn signaling are implicated in autoimmune disease, but mechanisms by which Lyn, expressed along with a battery of other Src-family kinases, may uniquely direct both positive and negative signaling remain incompletely defined. This review describes our current understanding of the activating and inhibitory contributions of Lyn to immunoreceptor signaling and how these processes contribute to myeloid and B-cell function. We also highlight recent work suggesting that the 2 proteins generated by alternative splicing of lyn, LynA and LynB, differentially regulate both immune and cancer-cell signaling. These principles may also extend to other Lyn-expressing cells, such as neuronal and endocrine cells. Unraveling the common and cell-specific aspects of Lyn function could lead to new approaches to therapeutically target dysregulated pathways in pathologies ranging from autoimmune and neurogenerative disease to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben F Brian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Current Affiliation: Current affiliation for B.F.B.: Division of Immunology & Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Correspondence: Tanya S. Freedman, PhD, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Campus: University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. E-mail:
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Wang Z, Hu N, Li X, Wang H, Ren C, Qiao C, Chen G, Wang J, Zhou L, Wu J, Zhang D, Feng J, Shen B, Peng H, Luo L. Selection and Characterization of FD164, a High-Affinity Signal Regulatory Protein α Variant with Balanced Safety and Effectiveness, from a Targeted Epitope Mammalian Cell-Displayed Antibody Library. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:193-202. [PMID: 34315811 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytic resistance plays a key role in tumor-mediated immune escape, so phagocytosis immune checkpoints are a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. CD47 is one of the important phagocytosis immune checkpoints; thus, blocking the interaction between CD47 and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) may provide new options for cancer treatment. Using computer-aided targeted epitope mammalian cell-displayed antibody library, we screened and obtained an engineered SIRPα variant fragment crystallizable fusion protein, FD164, with higher CD47-binding activity than wild-type SIRPα Compared with wild-type SIRPα, FD164 has approximately 3-fold higher affinity for binding to CD47, which further enhanced its phagocytic effect in vitro and tumor suppressor activity in vivo. FD164 maintains the similar antitumor activity of the clinical research drug Hu5F9 in the mouse xenograft model. Furthermore, FD164 combined with rituximab can significantly improve the effect of single-agent therapy. On the other hand, compared with Hu5F9, FD164 does not cause hemagglutination, and its ability to bind to red blood cells or white blood cells is weaker at the same concentration. Finally, it was confirmed by computer structure prediction and alanine scanning experiments that the N45, E47, 52TEVYVK58, K60, 115EVTELTRE122, and E124 residues of CD47 are important for SIRPα or FD164 recognition. Briefly, we obtained a high-affinity SIRPα variant FD164 with balanced safety and effectiveness. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Up to now, few clinically marketed drugs targeting CD47 have been determined to be effective and safe. FD164, a potential signal regulatory protein α variant fragment crystallizable protein with balanced safety and effectiveness, could provide a reference for the development of antitumor drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Differentiation/adverse effects
- Antigens, Differentiation/chemistry
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- CD47 Antigen/chemistry
- CD47 Antigen/immunology
- CHO Cells
- Cell Line
- Cricetulus
- Drug Design
- Epitopes/chemistry
- Epitopes/genetics
- Epitopes/immunology
- Hemagglutination/drug effects
- Immunotherapy
- Mice, SCID
- Models, Molecular
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Rituximab/therapeutic use
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Naijing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Xinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Haitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Caiping Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Chunxia Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Guojiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Liuzhong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Jiaguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Dingmu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Jiannan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Beifen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Hui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
| | - Longlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China (Z.W., N.H., X.L., C.Q., G.C., J.W., L.Z., J.W., D.Z., J.F., B.S., L.L.); School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (H.W., H.P.); Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China (H.P.); Department of Hematology, Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (H.W.); and Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China (C.R.)
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Wang SK, Xue Y, Cepko CL. Augmentation of CD47/SIRPα signaling protects cones in genetic models of retinal degeneration. JCI Insight 2021; 6:150796. [PMID: 34197341 PMCID: PMC8409989 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), can be caused by thousands of different mutations, a small number of which have been successfully treated with gene replacement. However, this approach has yet to scale and may not be feasible in many cases, highlighting the need for interventions that could benefit more patients. Here, we found that microglial phagocytosis is upregulated during cone degeneration in RP, suggesting that expression of "don't-eat-me" signals such as CD47 might confer protection to cones. To test this, we delivered an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector expressing CD47 on cones, which promoted cone survival in 3 mouse models of RP and preserved visual function. Cone rescue with CD47 required a known interacting protein, signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), but not an alternative interacting protein, thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). Despite the correlation between increased microglial phagocytosis and cone death, microglia were dispensable for the prosurvival activity of CD47, suggesting that CD47 interacts with SIRPα on nonmicroglial cells to alleviate degeneration. These findings establish augmentation of CD47/SIRPα signaling as a potential treatment strategy for RP and possibly other forms of neurodegeneration.
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Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158035. [PMID: 34360800 PMCID: PMC8348347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines have become increasingly qualified for use in personalized cancer immunotherapy. A deeper understanding of tumor immunology and novel antigen delivery technologies has assisted in optimizing vaccine design. Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to establish long-lasting immunological memory against tumor cells, thereby leading to effective tumor regression and minimizing non-specific or adverse events. However, due to several resistance mechanisms, significant challenges remain to be solved in order to achieve these goals. In this review, we describe our current understanding with respect to the use of the antigen repertoire in vaccine platform development. We also summarize various intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms behind the failure of cancer vaccine development in the past. Finally, we suggest a strategy that combines immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines.
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Xu LN, Wang SH, Su XL, Komal S, Fan HK, Xia L, Zhang LR, Han SN. Targeting Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta Regulates CD47 Expression After Myocardial Infarction in Rats via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:662726. [PMID: 34349643 PMCID: PMC8327268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.662726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the GSK-3β/NF-κB pathway on integrin-associated protein (CD47) expression after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. An MI Sprague Dawley rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The rats were divided into three groups: Sham, MI, and SB + MI (SB216763) groups. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the changes in cardiac morphology. A significant reduction in the sizes of fibrotic scars was observed in the SB + MI group compared to that in the MI group. SB216763 decreased the mRNA and protein expression of CD47 and NF-κB during MI. Primary rat cardiomyocytes (RCMs) and the H9c2 cell line were used to establish in vitro hypoxia models. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting analyses were conducted to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of CD47 and NF-κB and apoptosis-related proteins, respectively. Apoptosis of hypoxic cells was assessed using flow cytometry. SB216763 reduced the protein expression of CD47 and NF-κB in RCMs and H9c2 cells under hypoxic conditions for 12 h, and alleviated hypoxia-induced apoptosis. SN50 (an NF-κB inhibitor) also decreased CD47 protein expression in RCMs and H9c2 cells under hypoxic conditions for 12 h and protected cells from apoptosis. GSK-3β upregulates CD47 expression in cardiac tissues after MI by activating NF-κB, which in turn leads to myocardial cell damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ling Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sumra Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Kun Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology in Surgery Branch, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Shide K. Calreticulin mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 365:179-226. [PMID: 34756244 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is a chaperone present in the endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in the quality control of N-glycosylated proteins and storage of calcium ions. In 2013, the C-terminal mutation in CALR was identified in half of the patients with essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis who did not have a JAK2 or MPL mutation. The results of 8 years of intensive research are changing the clinical practice associated with treating myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The presence or absence of CALR mutations and their mutation types already provide important information for diagnosis and treatment decision making. In addition, the interaction with the thrombopoietin receptor MPL, which is the main mechanism of transformation by CALR mutation, and the expression of the mutant protein on the cell surface have a great potential as targets for molecular-targeted drugs and immunotherapy. This chapter presents recent findings on the clinical significance of the CALR mutation and the molecular basis by which this mutation drives MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Shide
- Division of Haematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
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Saeed M, Chen F, Ye J, Shi Y, Lammers T, De Geest BG, Xu ZP, Yu H. From Design to Clinic: Engineered Nanobiomaterials for Immune Normalization Therapy of Cancer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008094. [PMID: 34048101 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is comprised of a complex milieu that contributes to stunting antitumor immune responses by restricting T cells to accumulate in the vicinity of the tumor. Nanomedicine-based strategies are being proposed as a salvage effort to reinvigorate antitumor immunity. Various strategies, however, often fail to unleash the antitumor immune response because of the paucity of appropriate therapeutic targets in the complex TIME, invigorating a fervor of investigation into mechanisms underlying the TIME to resist nanomedicines. In this review article, effective nano/biomaterial-based delivery and TIME normalization approaches that promote T cell-mediated antitumor immune response will be discussed, with a focus on emerging preclinical and clinical strategies for immune normalization. Based on currently available evidence, it seems as if the ultimate success of cancer immunotherapy and nanomedicine hinges on the capacity to normalize the TIME. Here, how nanomedicines target immunosuppressive cells and signaling pathways to broaden the impact of cancer immunotherapy are explored. Acquisition of the urgently needed knowledge of nanomedicine-mediated immune normalization will guide researchers and scientists towards clinical applications of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Saeed
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fangming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Third-Generation Anti-CD47-Specific CAR-T Cells Effectively Kill Cancer Cells and Reduce the Genes Expression in Lung Cancer Cell Metastasis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5575260. [PMID: 34189144 PMCID: PMC8192203 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CD47 is a cell surface glycoprotein molecule, belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, binding to various proteins including integrins, thrombospondin-1, and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα). CD47 is an important tumor antigen for the development and progression of various cancers. This study designed the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) to bind to the CD47 to inhibit the expression of CD47. We used the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the B6H12 mouse antibody grafted onto the IgG1 framework to create the humanized single-chain variable fragment (scFv) with linker (G4S)x3. scFv was used to design the chimeric antigen receptor with the structure CD8signal-CD47scFv-CD8a hinge-CD4TM-CD28-41BB-CD3ζ, which was then transformed into T lymphocytes by the lentivirus to create third generation of CAR-T. Results revealed that the new CAR-T cells efficiently killed A549 cancer cells. CAR-T inhibited the expression of genes involved in metastasis and invasion of cells A549 including beta actin, calreticulin, and cyclooxygenase 2 at mRNA levels.
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Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines have undergone a resurgence in the past decade. A better understanding of the breadth of tumour-associated antigens, the native immune response and development of novel technologies for antigen delivery has facilitated improved vaccine design. The goal of therapeutic cancer vaccines is to induce tumour regression, eradicate minimal residual disease, establish lasting antitumour memory and avoid non-specific or adverse reactions. However, tumour-induced immunosuppression and immunoresistance pose significant challenges to achieving this goal. In this Review, we deliberate on how to improve and expand the antigen repertoire for vaccines, consider developments in vaccine platforms and explore antigen-agnostic in situ vaccines. Furthermore, we summarize the reasons for failure of cancer vaccines in the past and provide an overview of various mechanisms of resistance posed by the tumour. Finally, we propose strategies for combining suitable vaccine platforms with novel immunomodulatory approaches and standard-of-care treatments for overcoming tumour resistance and enhancing clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- Vaccine and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Vaccine and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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I'm Infected, Eat Me! Innate Immunity Mediated by Live, Infected Cells Signaling To Be Phagocytosed. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00476-20. [PMID: 33558325 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00476-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity against pathogens is known to be mediated by barriers to pathogen invasion, activation of complement, recruitment of immune cells, immune cell phagocytosis of pathogens, death of infected cells, and activation of the adaptive immunity via antigen presentation. Here, we propose and review evidence for a novel mode of innate immunity whereby live, infected host cells induce phagocytes to phagocytose the infected cell, thereby potentially reducing infection. We discuss evidence that host cells, infected by virus, bacteria, or other intracellular pathogens (i) release nucleotides and chemokines as find-me signals, (ii) expose on their surface phosphatidylserine and calreticulin as eat-me signals, (iii) release and bind opsonins to induce phagocytosis, and (iv) downregulate don't-eat-me signals CD47, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC1), and sialic acid. As long as the pathogens of the host cell are destroyed within the phagocyte, then infection can be curtailed; if antigens from the pathogens are cross-presented by the phagocyte, then an adaptive response would also be induced. Phagocytosis of live infected cells may thereby mediate innate immunity.
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Overexpression of CD47 is associated with brain overgrowth and 16p11.2 deletion syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2005483118. [PMID: 33833053 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005483118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Copy number variation (CNV) at the 16p11.2 locus is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. CNVs of the 16p gene can manifest in opposing head sizes. Carriers of 16p11.2 deletion tend to have macrocephaly (or brain enlargement), while those with 16p11.2 duplication frequently have microcephaly. Increases in both gray and white matter volume have been observed in brain imaging studies in 16p11.2 deletion carriers with macrocephaly. Here, we use human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from controls and subjects with 16p11.2 deletion and 16p11.2 duplication to understand the underlying mechanisms regulating brain overgrowth. To model both gray and white matter, we differentiated patient-derived iPSCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). In both NPCs and OPCs, we show that CD47 (a "don't eat me" signal) is overexpressed in the 16p11.2 deletion carriers contributing to reduced phagocytosis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, 16p11.2 deletion NPCs and OPCs up-regulate cell surface expression of calreticulin (a prophagocytic "eat me" signal) and its binding sites, indicating that these cells should be phagocytosed but fail to be eliminated due to elevations in CD47. Treatment of 16p11.2 deletion NPCs and OPCs with an anti-CD47 antibody to block CD47 restores phagocytosis to control levels. While the CD47 pathway is commonly implicated in cancer progression, we document a role for CD47 in psychiatric disorders associated with brain overgrowth.
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Beyranvand Nejad E, Labrie C, van Elsas MJ, Kleinovink JW, Mittrücker HW, Franken KLMC, Heink S, Korn T, Arens R, van Hall T, van der Burg SH. IL-6 signaling in macrophages is required for immunotherapy-driven regression of tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002460. [PMID: 33879600 PMCID: PMC8061866 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High serum interleukin (IL-6) levels may cause resistance to immunotherapy by modulation of myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. IL-6 signaling blockade is tested in cancer, but as this inflammatory cytokine has pleiotropic effects, this treatment is not always effective. METHODS IL-6 and IL-6R blockade was applied in an IL-6-mediated immunotherapy-resistant TC-1 tumor model (TC-1.IL-6) and immunotherapy-sensitive TC-1. CONTROL Effects on therapeutic vaccination-induced tumor regression, recurrence and survival as well on T cells and myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment were studied. The effects of IL-6 signaling in macrophages under therapy conditions were studied in Il6rafl/fl×LysMcre+ mice. RESULTS Our therapeutic vaccination protocol elicits a strong tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell response, leading to enhanced intratumoral T-cell infiltration and recruitment of tumoricidal macrophages. Blockade of IL-6 signaling exacerbated tumor outgrowth, reflected by fewer complete regressions and more recurrences after therapeutic vaccination, especially in TC-1.IL-6 tumor-bearing mice. Early IL-6 signaling blockade partly inhibited the development of the vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell response. However, the main mechanism was the malfunction of macrophages during therapy-induced tumor regression. Therapy efficacy was impaired in Il6rafl/fl×LysMcre+ but not cre-negative control mice, while no differences in the vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell response were found between these mice. IL-6 signaling blockade resulted in decreased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, essential for effective M1-type function in macrophages, and increased expression of the phagocytic checkpoint molecule signal-regulatory protein alpha by macrophages. CONCLUSION IL-6 signaling is critical for macrophage function under circumstances of immunotherapy-induced tumor tissue destruction, in line with the acute inflammatory functions of IL-6 signaling described in infections.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Female
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/administration & dosage
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/immunology
- Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/administration & dosage
- Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/immunology
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/drug effects
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/immunology
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Beyranvand Nejad
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Camilla Labrie
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Marit J van Elsas
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Kleinovink
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kees L M C Franken
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Heink
- Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technische Universität München, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technische Universität München, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Medical Oncology, Oncode institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
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Villamañan L, Martínez-Escardó L, Arús C, Yuste VJ, Candiota AP. Successful Partnerships: Exploring the Potential of Immunogenic Signals Triggered by TMZ, CX-4945, and Combined Treatment in GL261 Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073453. [PMID: 33810611 PMCID: PMC8036897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relevance of the cancer immune cycle in therapy response implies that successful treatment may trigger the exposure or the release of immunogenic signals. Previous results with the preclinical GL261 glioblastoma (GB) showed that combination treatment of temozolomide (TMZ) + CX-4945 (protein kinase CK2 inhibitor) outperformed single treatments, provided an immune-friendly schedule was followed. Our purpose was to study possible immunogenic signals released in vitro by GB cells. METHODS GL261 GB cells were treated with TMZ and CX-4945 at different concentrations (25 µM-4 mM) and time frames (12-72 h). Cell viability was measured with Trypan Blue and propidium iodide. Calreticulin exposure was assessed with immunofluorescence, and ATP release was measured with bioluminescence. RESULTS TMZ showed cytostatic rather than cytotoxic effects, while CX-4945 showed remarkable cytotoxic effects already at low concentrations. Calreticulin exposure after 24 h was detected with TMZ treatment, as well as TMZ/CX-4945 low concentration combined treatment. ATP release was significantly higher with CX-4945, especially at high concentrations, as well as with TMZ/CX-4945. CONCLUSIONS combined treatment may produce the simultaneous release of two potent immunogenic signals, which can explain the outperformance over single treatments in vivo. A word of caution may be raised since in vitro conditions are not able to mimic pharmacokinetics observed in vivo fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Villamañan
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Laura Martínez-Escardó
- Cell Death, Senescence and Survival Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (V.J.Y.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (C.I.B.E.R.N.E.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Carles Arús
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Victor J. Yuste
- Cell Death, Senescence and Survival Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (V.J.Y.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (C.I.B.E.R.N.E.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ana P. Candiota
- Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (L.V.); (C.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Cao X, Li B, Chen J, Dang J, Chen S, Gunes EG, Xu B, Tian L, Muend S, Raoof M, Querfeld C, Yu J, Rosen ST, Wang Y, Feng M. Effect of cabazitaxel on macrophages improves CD47-targeted immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002022. [PMID: 33753567 PMCID: PMC7986678 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited therapeutic options are available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), emphasizing an urgent need for more effective treatment approaches. The development of strategies by targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to stimulate their ability of Programmed Cell Removal (PrCR) provides a promising new immunotherapy for TNBC treatment. Methods CD47 is a critical self-protective “don’t eat me” signal on multiple human cancers against macrophage immunosurveillance. Using human and mouse TNBC preclinical models, we evaluated the efficacy of PrCR-based immunotherapy by blocking CD47. We performed high-throughput screens on FDA-approved anti-cancer small molecule compounds for agents potentiating PrCR and enhancing the efficacy of CD47-targeted therapy for TNBC treatment. Results We showed that CD47 was widely expressed on TNBC cells and TAMs represented the most abundant immune cell population in TNBC tumors. Blockade of CD47 enabled PrCR of TNBC cells, but the efficacy was not satisfactory. Our high-throughput screens identified cabazitaxel in enhancing PrCR-based immunotherapy. A combination of CD47 blockade and cabazitaxel treatment yielded a highly effective treatment strategy, promoting PrCR of TNBC cells and inhibiting tumor development and metastasis in preclinical models. We demonstrated that cabazitaxel potentiated PrCR by activating macrophages, independent of its cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. When treated with cabazitaxel, the molecular and phenotypic signatures of macrophages were polarized toward M1 state, and the NF-kB signaling pathway became activated. Conclusion The combination of CD47 blockade and macrophage activation by cabazitaxel synergizes to vastly enhance the elimination of TNBC cells. Our results show that targeting macrophages is a promising and effective strategy for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Bolei Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jessica Dang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - E Gulsen Gunes
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Sabina Muend
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Mustafa Raoof
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Christiane Querfeld
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Division of Dermatology, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yingyu Wang
- Center for Informatics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
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Chen S, Lai SWT, Brown CE, Feng M. Harnessing and Enhancing Macrophage Phagocytosis for Cancer Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635173. [PMID: 33790906 PMCID: PMC8006289 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the paradigm for the clinical management of cancer. While FDA-approved cancer immunotherapies thus far mainly exploit the adaptive immunity for therapeutic efficacy, there is a growing appreciation for the importance of innate immunity in tumor cell surveillance and eradication. The past decade has witnessed macrophages being thrust into the spotlight as critical effectors of an innate anti-tumor response. Promising evidence from preclinical and clinical studies have established targeting macrophage phagocytosis as an effective therapeutic strategy, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic moieties. Here, we review the recent translational advances in harnessing macrophage phagocytosis as a pivotal therapeutic effort in cancer treatment. In addition, this review emphasizes phagocytosis checkpoint blockade and the use of nanoparticles as effective strategies to potentiate macrophages for phagocytosis. We also highlight chimeric antigen receptor macrophages as a next-generation therapeutic modality linking the closely intertwined innate and adaptive immunity to induce efficacious anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Seigmund W. T. Lai
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Christine E. Brown
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
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47
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Yuen VWH, Wong CCL. Hypoxia-inducible factors and innate immunity in liver cancer. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5052-5062. [PMID: 32750043 DOI: 10.1172/jci137553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver has strong innate immunity to counteract pathogens from the gastrointestinal tract. During the development of liver cancer, which is typically driven by chronic inflammation, the composition and biological roles of the innate immune cells are extensively altered. Hypoxia is a common finding in all stages of liver cancer development. Hypoxia drives the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which act as central regulators to dampen the innate immunity of liver cancer. HIF signaling in innate immune cells and liver cancer cells together favors the recruitment and maintenance of pro-tumorigenic immune cells and the inhibition of anti-tumorigenic immune cells, promoting immune evasion. HIFs represent attractive therapeutic targets to inhibit the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment and growth of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Chak-Lui Wong
- Department of Pathology and.,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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48
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Wang X, Wang Y, Hu J, Xu H. An antitumor peptide RS17-targeted CD47, design, synthesis, and antitumor activity. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2125-2136. [PMID: 33629544 PMCID: PMC7957188 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD47 is a widely expressed transmembrane protein located on the surface of somatic cells. It mediates a variety of cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation, adhesion, and migration. An important role for CD47 is the transmission of a “Don't eat me” signal by interacting with SIRPα on the macrophage surface membrane, thereby preventing the phagocytosis of normal cells. However, cancer cells can take advantage of this autogenous signal to protect themselves from phagocytosis, thus enabling immune escape. Blocking the interaction between CD47 and SIRPα has proven to be effective in removing cancer cells. The treatment of various cancers with CD47 monoclonal antibodies has also been validated. Methods We designed and synthesized a peptide (RS17), which can specifically bind to CD47 and block CD47‐SIRPα signaling. The affinity of RS17 for CD47‐expressing tumor cells was determined, while the inhibition of CD47‐SIRPα signaling was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results The results indicated that RS17 significantly promotes the phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages and had a similar therapeutic effect compared with a positive control (CD47 monoclonal antibodies). In addition, a cancer xenograft mouse model was established using CD47‐expressing HepG2 cells to evaluate the effect of RS17 on tumor growth in vivo. Using ex vivo and in vivo mouse models, RS17 demonstrated a high inhibitory effect on tumor growth. Conclusions Based on our results, RS17 may represent a novel therapeutic peptide for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Wang
- The Engineering Research Centre of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Engineering Research Centre of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialiang Hu
- The Engineering Research Centre of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanmei Xu
- The Engineering Research Centre of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Chen J, Cao X, Li B, Zhao Z, Chen S, Lai SWT, Muend SA, Nossa GK, Wang L, Guo W, Ye J, Lee PP, Feng M. Warburg Effect Is a Cancer Immune Evasion Mechanism Against Macrophage Immunosurveillance. Front Immunol 2021; 11:621757. [PMID: 33603751 PMCID: PMC7884830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.621757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evasion of immunosurveillance is critical for cancer initiation and development. The expression of “don’t eat me” signals protects cancer cells from being phagocytosed by macrophages, and the blockade of such signals demonstrates therapeutic potential by restoring the susceptibility of cancer cells to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. However, whether additional self-protective mechanisms play a role against macrophage surveillance remains unexplored. Here, we derived a macrophage-resistant cancer model from cells deficient in the expression of CD47, a major “don’t eat me” signal, via a macrophage selection assay. Comparative studies performed between the parental and resistant cells identified self-protective traits independent of CD47, which were examined with both pharmacological or genetic approaches in in vitro phagocytosis assays and in vivo tumor models for their roles in protecting against macrophage surveillance. Here we demonstrated that extracellular acidification resulting from glycolysis in cancer cells protected them against macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. The acidic tumor microenvironment resulted in direct inhibition of macrophage phagocytic ability and recruitment of weakly phagocytic macrophages. Targeting V-ATPase which transports excessive protons in cancer cells to acidify extracellular medium elicited a pro-phagocytic microenvironment with an increased ratio of M1-/M2-like macrophage populations, therefore inhibiting tumor development and metastasis. In addition, blockade of extracellular acidification enhanced cell surface exposure of CD71, targeting which by antibodies promoted cancer cell phagocytosis. Our results reveal that extracellular acidification due to the Warburg effect confers immune evasion ability on cancer cells. This previously unrecognized role highlights the components mediating the Warburg effect as potential targets for new immunotherapy harnessing the tumoricidal capabilities of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Bolei Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Zhangchen Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Seigmund W T Lai
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Sabina A Muend
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Gianna K Nossa
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Weihua Guo
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Peter P Lee
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
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50
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Lee SJ, Wang W, Jin L, Lu X, Gao L, Chen Y, Liu T, Emery D, Vukmanic E, Liu Y, Kaplan HJ, Dean DC. Rod photoreceptor clearance due to misfolded rhodopsin is linked to a DAMP-immune checkpoint switch. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100102. [PMID: 33214223 PMCID: PMC7949052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress resulting from misfolding of the visual pigment rhodopsin (RHO) can lead to loss of rod photoreceptors, which initiates retinitis pigmentosa, characterized initially by diminished nighttime and peripheral vision. Cone photoreceptors depend on rods for glucose transport, which the neurons use for assembly of visual pigment-rich structures; as such, loss of rods also leads to a secondary loss of cone function, diminishing high-resolution color vision utilized for tasks including reading, driving, and facial recognition. If dysfunctional rods could be maintained to continue to serve this secondary cone preservation function, it might benefit patients with retinitis pigmentosa, but the mechanisms by which rods are removed are not fully established. Using pigs expressing mutant RHO, we find that induction of a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) "eat me" signal on the surface of mutant rods is correlated with targeting the live cells for (PrCR) by retinal myeloid cells. Glucocorticoid therapy leads to replacement of this DAMP with a "don't eat me" immune checkpoint on the rod surface and inhibition of PrCR. Surviving rods then continue to promote glucose transport to cones, maintaining their viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Joon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Douglas Emery
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Eric Vukmanic
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Yongqing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Henry J Kaplan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Douglas C Dean
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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