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Aguilera-Lizarraga J, Ritoux A, Bulmer DC, Smith ESJ. Intestinal barrier function in the naked mole-rat: an emergent model for gastrointestinal insights. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G188-G201. [PMID: 38915279 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00080.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in homeostasis by both facilitating the absorption of nutrients and fluids and providing a tight shield to prevent the invasion by either pathogen or commensal microorganisms. Intestinal barrier malfunction is associated with systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased insulin sensitivity, which may lead to the dysregulation of other tissues. Therefore, a deeper understanding of physiological aspects related to an enhanced barrier function is of significant scientific and clinical relevance. The naked mole-rat has many unusual biological features, including attenuated colonic neuron sensitivity to acid and bradykinin and resistance to chemical-induced intestinal damage. However, insight into their intestinal barrier physiology is scarce. Here, we observed notable macroscopic and microscopic differences in intestinal tissue structure between naked mole-rats and mice. Moreover, naked mole-rats showed increased number of larger goblet cells and elevated mucus content. In measuring gut permeability, naked mole-rats showed reduced permeability compared with mice, measured as transepithelial electrical resistance, especially in ileum. Furthermore, intestinal ion secretion induced by serotonin, bradykinin, histamine, and capsaicin was significantly reduced in naked mole-rats compared with mice, despite the expression of receptors for all these agonists. In addition, naked mole-rats exhibited reduced prosecretory responses to the nonselective adenylate cyclase activator forskolin. Collectively, these findings indicate that naked mole-rats possess a robust and hard-to-penetrate gastrointestinal barrier that is resistant to environmental and endogenous irritants. Naked mole-rats may therefore provide valuable insights into the physiology of the intestinal barrier and set the stage for the development of innovative and effective therapies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to characterize the intestinal function of naked mole-rats. We found that these animals show a robust gut tissue structure, displaying thicker intestinal layers, longer villi, and larger crypts. Naked mole-rats showed more and larger goblet cells, with increased mucus content. Intestinal permeability, especially in the ileum, was substantially lower than that of mice. Finally, naked mole-rats showed reduced intestinal anion secretion in response to serotonin, bradykinin, histamine, capsaicin, and forskolin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Ritoux
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David C Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Cattani-Cavalieri I, Trombetta-Lima M, Yan H, Manzano-Covarrubias AL, Baarsma HA, Oun A, van der Veen MM, Oosterhout E, Dolga AM, Ostrom RS, Valenca SS, Schmidt M. Diesel exhaust particles alter mitochondrial bioenergetics and cAMP producing capacity in human bronchial epithelial cells. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1412864. [PMID: 39118833 PMCID: PMC11306203 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1412864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Air pollution from diesel combustion is linked in part to the generation of diesel exhaust particles (DEP). DEP exposure induces various processes, including inflammation and oxidative stress, which ultimately contribute to a decline in lung function. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling is critical for lung homeostasis. The impact of DEP on cAMP signaling is largely unknown. Methods: We exposed human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells to DEP for 24-72 h and evaluated mitochondrial bioenergetics, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation and the components of cAMP signaling. Mitochondrial bioenergetics was measured at 72 h to capture the potential and accumulative effects of prolonged DEP exposure on mitochondrial function. Results: DEP profoundly altered mitochondrial morphology and network integrity, reduced both basal and ATP-linked respiration as well as the glycolytic capacity of mitochondria. DEP exposure increased gene expression of oxidative stress and inflammation markers such as interleukin-8 and interleukin-6. DEP significantly affected mRNA levels of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP-1 and -2 (Epac1, Epac2), appeared to increase Epac1 protein, but left phospho-PKA levels unhanged. DEP exposure increased A-kinase anchoring protein 1, β2-adrenoceptor and prostanoid E receptor subtype 4 mRNA levels. Interestingly, DEP decreased mRNA levels of adenylyl cyclase 9 and reduced cAMP levels stimulated by forskolin (AC activator), fenoterol (β2-AR agonist) or PGE2 (EPR agonist). Discussion: Our findings suggest that DEP induces mitochondrial dysfunction, a process accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation, and broadly dampens cAMP signaling. These epithelial responses may contribute to lung dysfunction induced by air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ana L. Manzano-Covarrubias
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hoeke A. Baarsma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Asmaa Oun
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Emily Oosterhout
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Amalia M. Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rennolds S. Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Samuel Santos Valenca
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Ednacot EMQ, Nabhani A, Dinh DM, Morehouse BR. Pharmacological potential of cyclic nucleotide signaling in immunity. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 258:108653. [PMID: 38679204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotides are important signaling molecules that play many critical physiological roles including controlling cell fate and development, regulation of metabolic processes, and responding to changes in the environment. Cyclic nucleotides are also pivotal regulators in immune signaling, orchestrating intricate processes that maintain homeostasis and defend against pathogenic threats. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacological potential of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways within the realm of immunity. Beginning with an overview of the fundamental roles of cAMP and cGMP as ubiquitous second messengers, this review delves into the complexities of their involvement in immune responses. Special attention is given to the challenges associated with modulating these signaling pathways for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing the necessity for achieving cell-type specificity to avert unintended consequences. A major focus of the review is on the recent paradigm-shifting discoveries regarding specialized cyclic nucleotide signals in the innate immune system, notably the cGAS-STING pathway. The significance of cyclic dinucleotides, exemplified by 2'3'-cGAMP, in controlling immune responses against pathogens and cancer, is explored. The evolutionarily conserved nature of cyclic dinucleotides as antiviral agents, spanning across diverse organisms, underscores their potential as targets for innovative immunotherapies. Findings from the last several years have revealed a striking diversity of novel bacterial cyclic nucleotide second messengers which are involved in antiviral responses. Knowledge of the existence and precise identity of these molecules coupled with accurate descriptions of their associated immune defense pathways will be essential to the future development of novel antibacterial therapeutic strategies. The insights presented herein may help researchers navigate the evolving landscape of immunopharmacology as it pertains to cyclic nucleotides and point toward new avenues or lines of thinking about development of therapeutics against the pathways they regulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirene Marie Q Ednacot
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ali Nabhani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David M Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Benjamin R Morehouse
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Xu K, Zhang L, Wang T, Yu T, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Transcriptomics reveals dynamic changes in the "gene profiles" of rat supraspinatus tendon at three different time points after diabetes induction. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:122. [PMID: 38711057 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for the occur of tendinopathy. Therefore, this study is the first to explore the dynamic changes of the "gene profile" of supraspinatus tendon in rats at different time points after T2DM induction through transcriptomics, providing potential molecular markers for exploring the pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy. METHODS A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal (NG, n = 10) and T2DM groups (T2DM, n = 30) and subdivided into three groups according to the duration of diabetes: T2DM-4w, T2DM-8w, and T2DM-12w groups; the duration was calculated from the time point of T2DM rat model establishment. The three comparison groups were set up in this study, T2DM-4w group vs. NG, T2DM-8w group vs. NG, and T2DM-12w group vs. NG. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 3 comparison groups were screened. The intersection of the three comparison groups' DEGs was defined as key genes that changed consistently in the supraspinatus tendon after diabetes induction. Cluster analysis, gene ontology (GO) functional annotation analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) functional annotation and enrichment analysis were performed for DEGs. RESULTS T2DM-4w group vs. NG, T2DM-8w group vs. NG, and T2DM-12w group vs. NG detected 519 (251 up-regulated and 268 down-regulated), 459 (342 up-regulated and 117 down-regulated) and 328 (255 up-regulated and 73 down-regulated) DEGs, respectively. 103 key genes of sustained changes in the supraspinatus tendon following induction of diabetes, which are the first identified biomarkers of the supraspinatus tendon as it progresses through the course of diabetes.The GO analysis results showed that the most significant enrichment in biological processes was calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol (3 DEGs). The most significant enrichment in cellular component was extracellular matrix (9 DEGs). The most significant enrichment in molecular function was glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity (3 DEGs). The results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that there were 17 major pathways (p < 0.05) that diabetes affected supratinusculus tendinopathy, including cAMP signaling pathway and Calcium signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomics reveals dynamic changes in the"gene profiles"of rat supraspinatus tendon at three different time points after diabetes induction. The 103 DEGs identified in this study may provide potential molecular markers for exploring the pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy, and the 17 major pathways enriched in KEGG may provide new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuishuai Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Tianrui Wang
- Department of Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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Maghsoudi S, Shuaib R, Van Bastelaere B, Dakshinamurti S. Adenylyl cyclase isoforms 5 and 6 in the cardiovascular system: complex regulation and divergent roles. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1370506. [PMID: 38633617 PMCID: PMC11021717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are crucial effector enzymes that transduce divergent signals from upstream receptor pathways and are responsible for catalyzing the conversion of ATP to cAMP. The ten AC isoforms are categorized into four main groups; the class III or calcium-inhibited family of ACs comprises AC5 and AC6. These enzymes are very closely related in structure and have a paucity of selective activators or inhibitors, making it difficult to distinguish them experimentally. AC5 and AC6 are highly expressed in the heart and vasculature, as well as the spinal cord and brain; AC6 is also abundant in the lungs, kidney, and liver. However, while AC5 and AC6 have similar expression patterns with some redundant functions, they have distinct physiological roles due to differing regulation and cAMP signaling compartmentation. AC5 is critical in cardiac and vascular function; AC6 is a key effector of vasodilatory pathways in vascular myocytes and is enriched in fetal/neonatal tissues. Expression of both AC5 and AC6 decreases in heart failure; however, AC5 disruption is cardio-protective, while overexpression of AC6 rescues cardiac function in cardiac injury. This is a comprehensive review of the complex regulation of AC5 and AC6 in the cardiovascular system, highlighting overexpression and knockout studies as well as transgenic models illuminating each enzyme and focusing on post-translational modifications that regulate their cellular localization and biological functions. We also describe pharmacological challenges in the design of isoform-selective activators or inhibitors for AC5 and AC6, which may be relevant to developing new therapeutic approaches for several cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Maghsoudi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rabia Shuaib
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ben Van Bastelaere
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Chandra Jena B, Flaherty DP, O'Brien VP, Watts VJ. Biochemical pharmacology of adenylyl cyclases in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116160. [PMID: 38522554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Globally, despite extensive research and pharmacological advancement, cancer remains one of the most common causes of mortality. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in cancer progression is essential for the discovery of new drug targets. The adenylyl cyclase (AC) superfamily comprises glycoproteins that regulate intracellular signaling and convert ATP into cyclic AMP, an important second messenger. The present review highlights the involvement of ACs in cancer progression and suppression, broken down for each specific mammalian AC isoform. The precise mechanisms by which ACs contribute to cancer cell proliferation and invasion are not well understood and are variable among cancer types; however, AC overactivation, along with that of downstream regulators, presents a potential target for novel anticancer therapies. The expression patterns of ACs in numerous cancers are discussed. In addition, we highlight inhibitors of AC-related signaling that are currently under investigation, with a focus on possible anti-cancer strategies. Recent discoveries with small molecules regarding more direct modulation AC activity are also discussed in detail. A more comprehensive understanding of different components in AC-related signaling could potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for personalized oncology and might enhance the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chandra Jena
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Valerie P O'Brien
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Val J Watts
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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Liu Y, Liu F, Li Y, Li Y, Feng Y, Zhao J, Zhou C, Li C, Shen J, Zhang Y. LncRNA Anxa10-203 enhances Mc1r mRNA stability to promote neuropathic pain by recruiting DHX30 in the trigeminal ganglion. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:28. [PMID: 38433184 PMCID: PMC10910797 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trigeminal nerve injury is one of the most serious complications in oral clinics, and the subsequent chronic orofacial pain is a consumptive disease. Increasing evidence demonstrates long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the pathological process of neuropathic pain. This study aims to explore the function and mechanism of LncRNA Anxa10-203 in the development of orofacial neuropathic pain. METHODS A mouse model of orofacial neuropathic pain was established by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). The Von Frey test was applied to evaluate hypersensitivity of mice. RT-qPCR and/or Western Blot were performed to analyze the expression of Anxa10-203, DHX30, and MC1R. Cellular localization of target genes was verified by immunofluorescence and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to detect the interaction between the target molecules. Electrophysiology was employed to assess the intrinsic excitability of TG neurons (TGNs) in vitro. RESULTS Anxa10-203 was upregulated in the TG of CCI-ION mice, and knockdown of Anxa10-203 relieved neuropathic pain. Structurally, Anxa10-203 was located in the cytoplasm of TGNs. Mechanistically, Mc1r expression was positively correlated with Anxa10-203 and was identified as the functional target of Anxa10-203. Besides, Anxa10-203 recruited RNA binding protein DHX30 and formed the Anxa10-203/DHX30 complex to enhance the stability of Mc1r mRNA, resulting in the upregulation of MC1R, which contributed to the enhancement of the intrinsic activity of TGNs in vitro and orofacial neuropathic pain in vivo. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA Anxa10-203 in the TG played an important role in orofacial neuropathic pain and mediated mechanical allodynia in CCI-ION mice by binding with DHX30 to upregulate MC1R expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaJing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - YiKe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - YueLing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - YuHeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - JiaShuo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - ChunJie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - JieFei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - YanYan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Han X, Pinto LG, Vilar B, McNaughton PA. Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Tolerance Are Driven by HCN Ion Channels. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1368232023. [PMID: 38124021 PMCID: PMC11059424 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1368-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to opioids causes an enhanced sensitivity to painful stimuli (opioid-induced hyperalgesia, OIH) and a need for increased opioid doses to maintain analgesia (opioid-induced tolerance, OIT), but the mechanisms underlying both processes remain obscure. We found that pharmacological block or genetic deletion of HCN2 ion channels in primary nociceptive neurons of male mice completely abolished OIH but had no effect on OIT. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of central HCN channels alleviated OIT but had no effect on OIH. Expression of C-FOS, a marker of neuronal activity, was increased in second-order neurons of the dorsal spinal cord by induction of OIH, and the increase was prevented by peripheral block or genetic deletion of HCN2, but block of OIT by spinal block of HCN channels had no impact on C-FOS expression in dorsal horn neurons. Collectively, these observations show that OIH is driven by HCN2 ion channels in peripheral nociceptors, while OIT is driven by a member of the HCN family located in the CNS. Induction of OIH increased cAMP in nociceptive neurons, and a consequent shift in the activation curve of HCN2 caused an increase in nociceptor firing. The shift in HCN2 was caused by expression of a constitutively active μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and was reversed by MOR antagonists. We identified the opioid-induced MOR as a six-transmembrane splice variant, and we show that it increases cAMP by coupling constitutively to Gs HCN2 ion channels therefore drive OIH, and likely OIT, and may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Larissa Garcia Pinto
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Vilar
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A McNaughton
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Skalka GL, Tsakovska M, Murphy DJ. Kinase signalling adaptation supports dysfunctional mitochondria in disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1354682. [PMID: 38434478 PMCID: PMC10906720 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1354682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form a critical control nexus which are essential for maintaining correct tissue homeostasis. An increasing number of studies have identified dysregulation of mitochondria as a driver in cancer. However, which pathways support and promote this adapted mitochondrial function? A key hallmark of cancer is perturbation of kinase signalling pathways. These pathways include mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), lipid secondary messenger networks, cyclic-AMP-activated (cAMP)/AMP-activated kinases (AMPK), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) networks. These signalling pathways have multiple substrates which support initiation and persistence of cancer. Many of these are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial apoptosis, mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial associated membranes (MAMs), and retrograde ROS signalling. This review will aim to both explore how kinase signalling integrates with these critical mitochondrial pathways and highlight how these systems can be usurped to support the development of disease. In addition, we will identify areas which require further investigation to fully understand the complexities of these regulatory interactions. Overall, this review will emphasize how studying the interaction between kinase signalling and mitochondria improves our understanding of mitochondrial homeostasis and can yield novel therapeutic targets to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L. Skalka
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Tsakovska
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Ferri G, Fernández LR, Di Mario G, Musikant D, Palermo JA, Edreira MM. Host cell cAMP-Epac-Rap1b pathway inhibition by hawthorn extract as a potential target against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1301862. [PMID: 38156015 PMCID: PMC10754523 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1301862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the two drugs currently available for the treatment of Chagas disease, Benznidazole and Nifurtimox, have proven to be effective in the acute phase of the disease, the 60-90-day treatment leads to high toxicity and unwanted side effects, presenting, in addition, a low efficacy in the chronic phase of the disease. For this reason, new therapies that are more effective are needed. In this regard, we have recently shown that the inhibition of the Epac-Rap1b pathway suppressed the cAMP-mediated host cell invasion by Trypanosoma cruzi. Interestingly, it has been described that vitexin, a natural flavone that protects against ischemia-reperfusion damage, acts by inhibiting the expression of Epac and Rap1 proteins. Vitexin can be found in plants of the genus Crataegus spp., traditionally known as hawthorn, which are of great interest considering their highly documented use as cardio-protectors. Pre-treating cells with an extract of Crataegus oxyacantha produced levels of T. cruzi invasion comparable to the ones observed for the commercially available Epac1-specific inhibitor, ESI-09. In addition, extract-treated cells exhibited a decrease in the activation of Rap1b, suggesting that the effects of the extract would be mediated by the inhibition of the cAMP-Epac-Rap1 signaling pathway. Using HPLC-HRMS2, we could confirm the presence of vitexin, and other flavones that could act as inhibitors of Epac/Rap1b, in the extracts of C. oxyacantha. Most significantly, when cells were treated with the extract of C. oxyacantha in conjunction with Nifurtimox, an increased modulation of invasion was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ferri
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Trypanosomas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía R. Fernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Trypanosomas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Di Mario
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Trypanosomas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Musikant
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Trypanosomas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A. Palermo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin M. Edreira
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Trypanosomas, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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11
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Kraina P, Česnek M, Tloušťová E, Mertlíková-Kaiserová H, Fulton CJ, Davidson EK, Smith BP, Watts VJ, Janeba Z. Discovery of a potent and selective human AC2 inhibitor based on 7-deazapurine analogues of adefovir. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117508. [PMID: 37931521 PMCID: PMC10842932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Adefovir based acyclic nucleoside phosphonates were previously shown to modulate bacterial and, to a certain extent, human adenylate cyclases (mACs). In this work, a series of 24 novel 7-substituted 7-deazaadefovir analogues were synthesized in the form of prodrugs. Twelve analogues were single-digit micromolar inhibitors of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin with no cytotoxicity to J774A.1 macrophages. In HEK293 cell-based assays, compound 14 was identified as a potent (IC50 = 4.45 μM), non-toxic, and selective mAC2 inhibitor (vs. mAC1 and mAC5). Such a compound represents a valuable addition to a limited number of small-molecule probes to study the biological functions of individual endogenous mAC isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kraina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Česnek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Tloušťová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Mertlíková-Kaiserová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Camryn J Fulton
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Emily K Davidson
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Brenton P Smith
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Val J Watts
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Zlatko Janeba
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16000 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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12
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Teegala SB, Sarkar P, Siegel DM, Sheng Z, Hao L, Bello NT, De Lecea L, Beck KD, Routh VH. Lateral hypothalamus hypocretin/orexin glucose-inhibited neurons promote food seeking after calorie restriction. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101788. [PMID: 37536499 PMCID: PMC10448466 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study tests the hypothesis that changes in the glucose sensitivity of lateral hypothalamus (LH) hypocretin/orexin glucose-inhibited (GI) neurons following weight loss leads to glutamate plasticity on ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons and drives food seeking behavior. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were calorie restricted to a 15% body weight loss and maintained at that body weight for 1 week. The glucose sensitivity of LH hypocretin/orexin GI and VTA dopamine neurons was measured using whole cell patch clamp recordings in brain slices. Food seeking behavior was assessed using conditioned place preference (CPP). RESULTS 1-week maintenance of calorie restricted 15% body weight loss reduced glucose inhibition of hypocretin/orexin GI neurons resulting in increased neuronal activation with reduced glycemia. The effect of decreased glucose on hypocretin/orexin GI neuronal activation was blocked by pertussis toxin (inhibitor of G-protein coupled receptor subunit Gαi/o) and Rp-cAMP (inhibitor of protein kinase A, PKA). This suggests that glucose sensitivity is mediated by the Gαi/o-adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. The excitatory effect of the hunger hormone, ghrelin, on hcrt/ox neurons was also blocked by Rp-cAMP suggesting that hormonal signals of metabolic status may converge on the glucose sensing pathway. Food restriction and weight loss increased glutamate synaptic strength (indexed by increased AMPA/NMDA receptor current ratio) on VTA dopamine neurons and the motivation to seek food (indexed by CPP). Chemogenetic inhibition of hypocretin/orexin neurons during caloric restriction and weight loss prevented these changes in glutamate plasticity and food seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that this change in the glucose sensitivity of hypocretin/orexin GI neurons may drive, in part, food seeking behavior following caloric restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj B Teegala
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Pallabi Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Dashiel M Siegel
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Zhenyu Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Lihong Hao
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Luis De Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute. 1201 Welch Rd. Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin D Beck
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; Neurobehavioral Research Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Vanessa H Routh
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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13
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Garnier A, Leroy J, Deloménie C, Mateo P, Viollet B, Veksler V, Mericskay M, Ventura-Clapier R, Piquereau J. Modulation of cardiac cAMP signaling by AMPK and its adjustments in pressure overload-induced myocardial dysfunction in rat and mouse. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292015. [PMID: 37733758 PMCID: PMC10513315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The beta-adrenergic system is a potent stimulus for enhancing cardiac output that may become deleterious when energy metabolism is compromised as in heart failure. We thus examined whether the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) that is activated in response to energy depletion may control the beta-adrenergic pathway. We studied the cardiac response to beta-adrenergic stimulation of AMPKα2-/- mice or to pharmacological AMPK activation on contractile function, calcium current, cAMP content and expression of adenylyl cyclase 5 (AC5), a rate limiting step of the beta-adrenergic pathway. In AMPKα2-/- mice the expression of AC5 (+50%), the dose response curve of left ventricular developed pressure to isoprenaline (p<0.001) or the response to forskolin, an activator of AC (+25%), were significantly increased compared to WT heart. Similarly, the response of L-type calcium current to 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor was significantly higher in KO (+98%, p<0.01) than WT (+57%) isolated cardiomyocytes. Conversely, pharmacological activation of AMPK by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) induced a 45% decrease in AC5 expression (p<0.001) and a 40% decrease of cAMP content (P<0.001) as measured by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) compared to unstimulated rat cardiomyocytes. Finally, in experimental pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction, AMPK activation was associated with a decreased expression of AC5 that was blunted in AMPKα2-/- mice. The results show that AMPK activation down-regulates AC5 expression and blunts the beta-adrenergic cascade. This crosstalk between AMPK and beta-adrenergic pathways may participate in a compensatory energy sparing mechanism in dysfunctional myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Garnier
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Jérôme Leroy
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Claudine Deloménie
- ACTAGen, UMS IPSIT, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Philippe Mateo
- Physics for Medecine, Ecole Supérieure de Physique Chimie Industrielles de Paris, INSERM U1273, CNRS UMR8063, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | | | - Jérôme Piquereau
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire PRéTI UR 24184, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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14
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Liu W, Zhang S, Li Q, Wu Y, Jia X, Feng W, Li Z, Shi Y, Hou Q, Ma J, Liu Y, Gao P, Ganz T, Liu S. Lactate modulates iron metabolism by binding soluble adenylyl cyclase. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1597-1612.e6. [PMID: 37480842 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Overproduction of lactate (LA) can occur during exercise and in many diseases such as cancers. Individuals with hyperlactatemia often display anemia, decreased serum iron, and elevated hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism. However, it is unknown whether and how LA regulates hepcidin expression. Here, we show LA binds to soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) in normal hepatocytes and affects systemic iron homeostasis in mice by increasing hepcidin expression. Comprehensive in vitro, in vivo, and in silico experiments show that the LA-sAC interaction raises cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, which activates the PKA-Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway to increase hepcidin transcription. We verified this regulatory axis in wild-type mice and in mice with disordered iron homeostasis. LA also regulates hepcidin in humans at rest and subjected to extensive exercise that produce elevated LA. Our study links hyperlactatemia to iron deficiency, offering a mechanistic explanation for anemias seen in athletes and patients with lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Quanjin Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenya Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaolong Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yali Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China; Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Pu Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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15
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He B, Gao R, Lv S, Chen A, Huang J, Wang L, Feng Y, Feng J, Liu B, Lei J, Deng B, He B, Cui B, Peng F, Yan M, Wang Z, Lam EWF, Jin B, Shao Z, Li Y, Jiao J, Wang X, Liu Q. Cancer cell employs a microenvironmental neural signal trans-activating nucleus-mitochondria coordination to acquire stemness. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:275. [PMID: 37463926 PMCID: PMC10354099 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell receives extracellular signal inputs to obtain a stem-like status, yet how tumor microenvironmental (TME) neural signals steer cancer stemness to establish the hierarchical tumor architectures remains elusive. Here, a pan-cancer transcriptomic screening for 10852 samples of 33 TCGA cancer types reveals that cAMP-responsive element (CRE) transcription factors are convergent activators for cancer stemness. Deconvolution of transcriptomic profiles, specification of neural markers and illustration of norepinephrine dynamics uncover a bond between TME neural signals and cancer-cell CRE activity. Specifically, neural signal norepinephrine potentiates the stemness of proximal cancer cells by activating cAMP-CRE axis, where ATF1 serves as a conserved hub. Upon activation by norepinephrine, ATF1 potentiates cancer stemness by coordinated trans-activation of both nuclear pluripotency factors MYC/NANOG and mitochondrial biogenesis regulators NRF1/TFAM, thereby orchestrating nuclear reprograming and mitochondrial rejuvenating. Accordingly, single-cell transcriptomes confirm the coordinated activation of nuclear pluripotency with mitochondrial biogenesis in cancer stem-like cells. These findings elucidate that cancer cell acquires stemness via a norepinephrine-ATF1 driven nucleus-mitochondria collaborated program, suggesting a spatialized stemness acquisition by hijacking microenvironmental neural signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Rui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 510275, PR China
| | - Shasha Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ailin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Junxiu Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Luoxuan Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Yunxiu Feng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Jiesi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Jie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Bing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Bai Cui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bilian Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
| | - Quentin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 510275, PR China.
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, PR China.
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16
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Aboouf MA, Thiersch M, Soliz J, Gassmann M, Schneider Gasser EM. The Brain at High Altitude: From Molecular Signaling to Cognitive Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10179. [PMID: 37373327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain requires over one-fifth of the total body oxygen demand for normal functioning. At high altitude (HA), the lower atmospheric oxygen pressure inevitably challenges the brain, affecting voluntary spatial attention, cognitive processing, and attention speed after short-term, long-term, or lifespan exposure. Molecular responses to HA are controlled mainly by hypoxia-inducible factors. This review aims to summarize the cellular, metabolic, and functional alterations in the brain at HA with a focus on the role of hypoxia-inducible factors in controlling the hypoxic ventilatory response, neuronal survival, metabolism, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Thiersch
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edith M Schneider Gasser
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Wu GMJ, Chen ACH, Yeung WSB, Lee YL. Current progress on in vitro differentiation of ovarian follicles from pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1166351. [PMID: 37325555 PMCID: PMC10267358 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1166351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian female reproduction requires a functional ovary. Competence of the ovary is determined by the quality of its basic unit-ovarian follicles. A normal follicle consists of an oocyte enclosed within ovarian follicular cells. In humans and mice, the ovarian follicles are formed at the foetal and the early neonatal stage respectively, and their renewal at the adult stage is controversial. Extensive research emerges recently to produce ovarian follicles in-vitro from different species. Previous reports demonstrated the differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells into germline cells, termed primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). The germ cell-specific gene expressions and epigenetic features including global DNA demethylation and histone modifications of the pluripotent stem cells-derived PGCLCs were extensively characterized. The PGCLCs hold potential for forming ovarian follicles or organoids upon cocultured with ovarian somatic cells. Intriguingly, the oocytes isolated from the organoids could be fertilized in-vitro. Based on the knowledge of in-vivo derived pre-granulosa cells, the generation of these cells from pluripotent stem cells termed foetal ovarian somatic cell-like cells was also reported recently. Despite successful in-vitro folliculogenesis from pluripotent stem cells, the efficiency remains low, mainly due to the lack of information on the interaction between PGCLCs and pre-granulosa cells. The establishment of in-vitro pluripotent stem cell-based models paves the way for understanding the critical signalling pathways and molecules during folliculogenesis. This article aims to review the developmental events during in-vivo follicular development and discuss the current progress of generation of PGCLCs, pre-granulosa and theca cells in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genie Min Ju Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andy Chun Hang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Shu Biu Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
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Bhatia V, Maghsoudi S, Hinton M, Bhagirath AY, Singh N, Jaggupilli A, Chelikani P, Dakshinamurti S. Characterization of Adenylyl Cyclase Isoform 6 Residues Interacting with Forskolin. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040572. [PMID: 37106773 PMCID: PMC10135528 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adenylyl cyclase (AC) pathway, crucial for pulmonary vasodilation, is inhibited by hypoxia. Forskolin (FSK) binds allosterically to AC, stimulating ATP catalysis. As AC6 is the primary AC isoform in the pulmonary artery, selective reactivation of AC6 could provide targeted reinstatement of hypoxic AC activity. This requires elucidation of the FSK binding site in AC6. METHODS HEK293T cells stably overexpressing AC 5, 6, or 7 were incubated in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (10% O2) or exposed to s-nitrosocysteine (CSNO). AC activity was measured using terbium norfloxacin assay; AC6 structure built by homology modeling; ligand docking to examine FSK-interacting amino acids; roles of selected residues determined by site-directed mutagenesis; FSK-dependent cAMP generation measured in wild-type and FSK-site mutants by biosensor-based live cell assay. RESULTS Only AC6 is inhibited by hypoxia and nitrosylation. Homology modeling and docking revealed residues T500, N503, and S1035 interacting with FSK. Mutation of T500, N503, or S1035 decreased FSK-stimulated AC activity. FSK site mutants were not further inhibited by hypoxia or CSNO; however, mutation of any of these residues prevented AC6 activation by FSK following hypoxia or CSNO treatment. CONCLUSIONS FSK-interacting amino acids are not involved in the hypoxic inhibition mechanism. This study provides direction to design FSK derivatives for selective activation of hypoxic AC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Bhatia
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1S1, Canada
| | - Saeid Maghsoudi
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Martha Hinton
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Anjali Y Bhagirath
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Nisha Singh
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | | | - Prashen Chelikani
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1S1, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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19
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Involvement of Potassium Channel Signalling in Migraine Pathophysiology. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030438. [PMID: 36986537 PMCID: PMC10057509 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a primary headache disorder ranked as the leading cause of years lived with disability among individuals younger than 50 years. The aetiology of migraine is complex and might involve several molecules of different signalling pathways. Emerging evidence implicates potassium channels, predominantly ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and large (big) calcium-sensitive potassium (BKCa) channels in migraine attack initiation. Basic neuroscience revealed that stimulation of potassium channels activated and sensitized trigeminovascular neurons. Clinical trials showed that administration of potassium channel openers caused headache and migraine attack associated with dilation of cephalic arteries. The present review highlights the molecular structure and physiological function of KATP and BKCa channels, presents recent insights into the role of potassium channels in migraine pathophysiology, and discusses possible complementary effects and interdependence of potassium channels in migraine attack initiation.
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20
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Guo R, Liu T, Shasaltaneh MD, Wang X, Imani S, Wen Q. Targeting Adenylate Cyclase Family: New Concept of Targeted Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:829212. [PMID: 35832555 PMCID: PMC9271773 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.829212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenylate cyclase (ADCY) superfamily is a group of glycoproteins regulating intracellular signaling. ADCYs act as key regulators in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway and are related to cell sensitivity to chemotherapy and ionizing radiation. Many members of the superfamily are detectable in most chemoresistance cases despite the complexity and unknownness of the specific mechanism underlying the role of ADCYs in the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. The overactivation of ADCY, as well as its upstream and downstream regulators, is implicated as a major potential target of novel anticancer therapies and markers of exceptional responders to chemotherapy. The present review focuses on the oncogenic functions of the ADCY family and emphasizes the possibility of the mediating roles of deleterious nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in ADCY as a prognostic therapeutic target in modulating resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. It assesses the mediating roles of ADCY and its counterparts as stress regulators in reprogramming cancer cell metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, the well-evaluated inhibitors of ADCY-related signaling, which are under clinical investigation, are highlighted. A better understanding of ADCY-induced signaling and deleterious nsSNPs (p.E1003K and p.R1116C) in ADCY6 provides new opportunities for developing novel therapeutic strategies in personalized oncology and new approaches to enhance chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in treating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | - Xuan Wang
- China Regional Research Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saber Imani
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- China Regional Research Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Saber Imani, ; QingLian Wen,
| | - QingLian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Saber Imani, ; QingLian Wen,
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21
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Fan Y, Yang J, Song X, He J, Huang S, Chen J, Jiang S, Yu L, Zhou Y, Cao X, Ji X, Zhang Y. Systematic analysis of inflammation and pain pathways in a mouse model of gout. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221097760. [PMID: 35430901 PMCID: PMC9069606 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221097760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is a prevalent and painful inflammatory arthritis, and its global burden continues to rise. Intense pain induced by gout attacks is a major complication of gout. However, systematic studies of gout inflammation and pain are lacking. Using a monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced gout model, we performed genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the inflamed ankle joint, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and spinal cord of gouty mice. Our results revealed important transcriptional changes, including highly elevated inflammation and broad activation of immune pathways in both the joint and the nervous system, in gouty mice. Integrated analysis showed that there was a remarkable overlap between our RNAseq and human genome-wide association study (GWAS) of gout; for example, the risk gene, stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) showed significant upregulation in all three tissues. Interestingly, when compared to the transcriptomes of human osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joint tissues, we identified significant upregulation of cAMP/cyclic nucleotide-mediated signaling shared between gouty mice and human OA with high knee pain, which may provide excellent drug targets to relieve gout pain. Furthermore, we investigated the common and distinct transcriptomic features of gouty, inflammatory pain, and neuropathic pain mouse models in their DRG and spinal cord tissues. Moreover, we discovered distinct sets of genes with significant differential alternative splicing or differential transcript usage in each tissue, which were largely not detected by conventional differential gene expression analysis approaches. Based on these results, our study provided a more accurate and comprehensive depiction of transcriptomic alterations related to gout inflammation and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lei Yu
- Wenzhou Medical University
| | | | | | | | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Genomic MedicineWenzhou Medical University
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22
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Yang X, Li J, Zhao L, Chen Y, Cui Z, Xu T, Li X, Wu S, Zhang Y. Targeting adipocytic discoidin domain receptor 2 impedes fat gain while increasing bone mass. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:737-749. [PMID: 34645939 PMCID: PMC8990016 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is closely associated with low-bone-mass disorder. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) plays essential roles in skeletal metabolism, and is probably involved in fat metabolism. To test the potential role of DDR2 in fat and fat-bone crosstalk, Ddr2 conditional knockout mice (Ddr2Adipo) were generated in which Ddr2 gene is exclusively deleted in adipocytes by Adipoq Cre. We found that Ddr2Adipo mice are protected from fat gain on high-fat diet, with significantly decreased adipocyte size. Ddr2Adipo mice exhibit significantly increased bone mass and mechanical properties, with enhanced osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Marrow adipocyte is diminished in the bone marrow of Ddr2Adipo mice, due to activation of lipolysis. Fatty acid in the bone marrow was reduced in Ddr2Adipo mice. RNA-Seq analysis identified adenylate cyclase 5 (Adcy5) as downstream molecule of Ddr2. Mechanically, adipocytic Ddr2 modulates Adcy5-cAMP-PKA signaling, and Ddr2 deficiency stimulates lipolysis and supplies fatty acid for oxidation in osteoblasts, leading to the enhanced osteoblast differentiation and bone mass. Treatment of Adcy5 specific inhibitor abolishes the increased bone mass gain in Ddr2Adipo mice. These observations establish, for the first time, that Ddr2 plays an essential role in the crosstalk between fat and bone. Targeting adipocytic Ddr2 may be a potential strategy for treating obesity and pathological bone loss simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.452842.d0000 0004 8512 7544The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liting Zhao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yazhuo Chen
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Cui
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Taotao Xu
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shufang Wu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Chinn AM, Salmerón C, Lee J, Sriram K, Raz E, Insel PA. PDE4B Is a Homeostatic Regulator of Cyclic AMP in Dendritic Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:833832. [PMID: 35387344 PMCID: PMC8977838 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.833832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic decreases in the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) occur in numerous settings, but how cells compensate for such decreases is unknown. We have used a unique system-murine dendritic cells (DCs) with a DC-selective depletion of the heterotrimeric GTP binding protein Gαs-to address this issue. These mice spontaneously develop Th2-allergic asthma and their DCs have persistently lower cAMP levels. We found that phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) is the primary phosphodiesterase expressed in DCs and that its expression is preferentially decreased in Gαs-depleted DCs. PDE4B expression is dynamic, falling and rising in a protein kinase A-dependent manner with decreased and increased cAMP concentrations, respectively. Treatment of DCs that drive enhanced Th2 immunity with a PDE4B inhibitor ameliorated DC-induced helper T cell response. We conclude that PDE4B is a homeostatic regulator of cellular cAMP concentrations in DCs and may be a target for treating Th2-allergic asthma and other settings with low cellular cAMP concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Chinn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cristina Salmerón
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jihyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Krishna Sriram
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Eyal Raz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Paul A. Insel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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24
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Abstract
Adenylyl cyclase 9 (AC9) is a membrane-bound enzyme that converts ATP into cAMP. The enzyme is weakly activated by forskolin, fully activated by the G protein Gαs subunit and is autoinhibited by the AC9 C-terminus. Although our recent structural studies of the AC9-Gαs complex provided the framework for understanding AC9 autoinhibition, the conformational changes that AC9 undergoes in response to activator binding remains poorly understood. Here, we present the cryo-EM structures of AC9 in several distinct states: (i) AC9 bound to a nucleotide inhibitor MANT-GTP, (ii) bound to an artificial activator (DARPin C4) and MANT-GTP, (iii) bound to DARPin C4 and a nucleotide analogue ATPαS, (iv) bound to Gαs and MANT-GTP. The artificial activator DARPin C4 partially activates AC9 by binding at a site that overlaps with the Gαs binding site. Together with the previously observed occluded and forskolin-bound conformations, structural comparisons of AC9 in the four conformations described here show that secondary structure rearrangements in the region surrounding the forskolin binding site are essential for AC9 activation. Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) generate the second messenger cAMP and play an important role in cellular signaling. Here, the authors use cryo-EM to trace the conformational changes resulting from binding to partial and full activators to one of these enzymes, AC9.
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25
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Physical exercise promotes integration of grafted cells and functional recovery in an acute stroke rat model. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:276-288. [PMID: 35030322 PMCID: PMC8828662 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neural progenitor cell (hNPC) transplantation holds great potential to treat neurological diseases. However, hNPC grafts take a long time to differentiate into mature neurons due to their intrinsically prolonged developmental timetable. Here, we report that postoperative physical exercise (PE), a prevailing rehabilitation intervention, promotes the neuronal commitment, maturation, and integration of engrafted hNPCs, evidenced by forming more synapses, receiving more synaptic input from host neurons, and showing higher neuronal activity levels. More important, NPC transplantation, combined with PE, shows significant improvement in both structural and behavioral outcomes in stroke-damaged rats. PE enhances ingrowth of blood vessels around the infarction region and neural tract reorganization along the ischemic boundary. The combination of NPC transplantation and postoperative PE creates both a neurotrophic/growth factor-enriched proneuronal microenvironment and an ideal condition for activity-dependent plasticity to give full play to its effects. Our study provides a potential approach to treating patients with stroke injury. Physical exercise boosts the maturation and integration of engrafted human NPCs This strategy brings about both structural and behavioral improvements in stroke rats This strategy creates a neurotrophic factor-enriched microenvironment Activity-dependent plasticity is also involved in this process
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26
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Zhang WW, Cao H, Li Y, Fu XJ, Zhang YQ. Peripheral ablation of type Ⅲ adenylyl cyclase induces hyperalgesia and eliminates KOR-mediated analgesia in mice. JCI Insight 2021; 7:153191. [PMID: 34914639 PMCID: PMC8855833 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated group Ⅰ adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms AC1 and AC8 have been involved in nociceptive processing and morphine responses. However, whether AC3, another member of group I ACs, is involved in nociceptive transmission and regulates opioid receptor signaling remain elusive. Here we report that conditional knockout of AC3 (AC3CKO) in L3 and L4 DRGs robustly facilitates the mouse nociceptive responses, decreases voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel currents and increases neuronal excitability. Also, AC3CKO eliminates the analgesic effect of κ opioid receptor (KOR) agonist and its inhibition on Kv channel by classical Gαi/o signaling or nonclassical direct interaction of KOR and AC3 proteins. Interestingly, significantly upregulated AC1 level and cAMP concentration are detected in AC3 deficient DRGs. Inhibition of AC1 completely reversed cAMP upregulation, neuronal excitability enhancement and nociceptive behavioral hypersensitivity in AC3CKO mice. Our findings suggest a crucial role of peripheral AC3 in nociceptive modulation and KOR opioid analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Zhang
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Intelligence and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xian-Jun Fu
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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27
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Massengill CI, Day-Cooney J, Mao T, Zhong H. Genetically encoded sensors towards imaging cAMP and PKA activity in vivo. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 362:109298. [PMID: 34339753 PMCID: PMC8659126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a universal second messenger that plays a crucial role in diverse biological functions, ranging from transcription to neuronal plasticity, and from development to learning and memory. In the nervous system, cAMP integrates inputs from many neuromodulators across a wide range of timescales - from seconds to hours - to modulate neuronal excitability and plasticity in brain circuits during different animal behavioral states. cAMP signaling events are both cell-specific and subcellularly compartmentalized. The same stimulus may result in different, sometimes opposite, cAMP dynamics in different cells or subcellular compartments. Additionally, the activity of protein kinase A (PKA), a major cAMP effector, is also spatiotemporally regulated. For these reasons, many laboratories have made great strides toward visualizing the intracellular dynamics of cAMP and PKA. To date, more than 80 genetically encoded sensors, including original and improved variants, have been published. It is starting to become possible to visualize cAMP and PKA signaling events in vivo, which is required to study behaviorally relevant cAMP/PKA signaling mechanisms. Despite significant progress, further developments are needed to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and practical utility of these sensors. This review summarizes the recent advances and challenges in genetically encoded cAMP and PKA sensors with an emphasis on in vivo imaging in the brain during behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Day-Cooney
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tianyi Mao
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Haining Zhong
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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28
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Xiao C, Cheng S, Lin H, Weng Z, Peng P, Zeng D, Du X, Zhang X, Yang Y, Liang Y, Huang R, Chen C, Wang L, Wu H, Li R, Wang X, Zhang R, Yang Z, Li X, Cao X, Yang W. Isoforskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, attenuates cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153701. [PMID: 34438230 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by limited airflow due to pulmonary and alveolar abnormalities from exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). Current therapeutic drugs are limited and the development of novel treatments to prevent disease progression is challenging. Isoforskolin (ISOF) from the plant Coleus forskohlii is an effective activator of adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms. Previously we found ISOF could attenuate acute lung injury in animal models, while the effect of ISOF on COPD has not been elucidated. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ISOF on COPD and reveal its potential mechanisms. METHODS A rat model of COPD was established by long-term exposure to CS, then the rats were orally administered with ISOF (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg). The pulmonary function, lung morphology, inflammatory cells and cytokines in serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were evaluated. Transcriptomics, proteomics and network pharmacology analysis were utilized to identify potential mechanisms of ISOF. Droplet digital PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of AC1-10 in donor lung tissues. AC activation was determined in recombinant human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably expressing human AC isoforms. In addition, ISOF caused trachea relaxation ex vivo were assessed in isolated trachea rings from guinea pigs. RESULTS ISOF significantly ameliorated pathological damage of lung tissue and improved pulmonary function in COPD rats. ISOF treatment decreased the number of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood, and also the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and BALF. Consistent with omics-based analyses, ISOF markedly downregulated the mTOR level in lung tissue. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that ISOF treatment reduced the ratio of Th17/Treg cells in peripheral blood. Furthermore, the expression levels of AC1 and AC2 are relatively higher than other AC isoforms in normal lung tissues, and ISOF could potently activate AC1 and AC2 in vitro and significantly relax isolated guinea pig trachea. CONCLUSION Collectively, our studies suggest that ISOF exerts its anti-COPD effect by improving lung function, anti-inflammation and trachea relaxation, which may be related to AC activation, mTOR signaling and Th17/Treg balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haochang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhiying Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Peihua Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Deyou Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaohua Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yaping Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lueli Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hongxiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Runfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Weimin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Dietary Bioactive Ingredients Modulating the cAMP Signaling in Diabetes Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093038. [PMID: 34578916 PMCID: PMC8467569 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence of diabetes increases progressively, research to develop new therapeutic approaches and the search for more bioactive compounds are attracting more attention. Over the past decades, studies have suggested that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the important intracellular second messenger, is a key regulator of metabolism and glucose homeostasis in diverse physiopathological states in multiple organs including the pancreas, liver, gut, skeletal muscle, adipose tissues, brain, and kidney. The multiple characteristics of dietary compounds and their favorable influence on diabetes pathogenesis, as well as their intersections with the cAMP signaling pathway, indicate that these compounds have a beneficial effect on the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the diverse functions of cAMP in different organs involved in glucose homeostasis and show that a diversity of bioactive ingredients from foods activate or inhibit cAMP signaling, resulting in the improvement of the diabetic pathophysiological process. It aims to highlight the diabetes-preventative or -therapeutic potential of dietary bioactive ingredients targeting cAMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Qing Liu
- Jilin Green Food Engineering Research Institute, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muangun 58554, Korea;
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (T.T.)
| | - Tao Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (T.T.)
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30
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Ectopic Odorant Receptor Responding to Flavor Compounds: Versatile Roles in Health and Disease. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081314. [PMID: 34452275 PMCID: PMC8402194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prompted by the ground-breaking discovery of the rodent odorant receptor (OR) gene family within the olfactory epithelium nearly 30 years ago, followed by that of OR genes in cells of the mammalian germ line, and potentiated by the identification of ORs throughout the body, our appreciation for ORs as general chemoreceptors responding to odorant compounds in the regulation of physiological or pathophysiological processes continues to expand. Ectopic ORs are now activated by a diversity of flavor compounds and are involved in diverse physiological phenomena varying from adipogenesis to myogenesis to hepatic lipid accumulation to serotonin secretion. In this review, we outline the key biological functions of the ectopic ORs responding to flavor compounds and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We also discuss research opportunities for utilizing ectopic ORs as therapeutic strategies in the treatment of human disease as well as challenges to be overcome in the future. The recognition of the potent function, signaling pathway, and pharmacology of ectopic ORs in diverse tissues and cell types, coupled with the fact that they belong to G protein-coupled receptors, a highly druggable protein family, unequivocally highlight the potential of ectopic ORs responding to flavor compounds, especially food-derived odorant compounds, as a promising therapeutic strategy for various diseases.
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31
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Rhainds D, Packard CJ, Brodeur MR, Niesor EJ, Sacks FM, Jukema JW, Wright RS, Waters DD, Heinonen T, Black DM, Laghrissi-Thode F, Dubé MP, Pfeffer MA, Tardif JC. Role of Adenylate Cyclase 9 in the Pharmacogenomic Response to Dalcetrapib: Clinical Paradigm and Molecular Mechanisms in Precision Cardiovascular Medicine. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2021; 14:e003219. [PMID: 33794646 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Following the neutral results of the dal-OUTCOMES trial, a genome-wide study identified the rs1967309 variant in the adenylate cyclase type 9 (ADCY9) gene on chromosome 16 as being associated with the risk of future cardiovascular events only in subjects taking dalcetrapib, a CETP (cholesterol ester transfer protein) modulator. Homozygotes for the minor A allele (AA) were protected from recurrent cardiovascular events when treated with dalcetrapib, while homozygotes for the major G allele (GG) had increased risk. Here, we present the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of rs1967309 in ADCY9 on clinical observations and biomarkers in dalcetrapib trials and the effects of mouse ADCY9 gene inactivation on cardiovascular physiology. Finally, we present our current model of the interaction between dalcetrapib and ADCY9 gene variants in the arterial wall macrophage, based on the intracellular role of CETP in the transfer of complex lipids from endoplasmic reticulum membranes to lipid droplets. Briefly, the concept is that dalcetrapib would inhibit CETP-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters, resulting in a progressive inhibition of cholesteryl ester synthesis and free cholesterol accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Reduced ADCY9 activity, by paradoxically leading to higher cyclic AMP levels and in turn increased cellular cholesterol efflux, could impart cardiovascular protection in rs1967309 AA patients. The ongoing dal-GenE trial recruited 6145 patients with the protective AA genotype and will provide a definitive answer to whether dalcetrapib will be protective in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rhainds
- Montreal Heart Institute (D.R., M.R.B., M.-P.D., J.-C.T.)
| | | | | | | | - Frank M Sacks
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (F.M.S.)
| | | | | | - David D Waters
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (D.D.W.)
| | - Therese Heinonen
- DalCor Pharmaceuticals, Leatherhead, United Kingdom & Zug, Switzerland (T.H., D.M.B., F.L.-T.)
| | - Donald M Black
- DalCor Pharmaceuticals, Leatherhead, United Kingdom & Zug, Switzerland (T.H., D.M.B., F.L.-T.)
| | - Fouzia Laghrissi-Thode
- DalCor Pharmaceuticals, Leatherhead, United Kingdom & Zug, Switzerland (T.H., D.M.B., F.L.-T.)
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Montreal Heart Institute (D.R., M.R.B., M.-P.D., J.-C.T.).,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada (M.-P.D., J.-C.T.)
| | - Marc A Pfeffer
- Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P.)
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute (D.R., M.R.B., M.-P.D., J.-C.T.).,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada (M.-P.D., J.-C.T.)
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32
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Robinson KC, Kemény LV, Fell GL, Hermann AL, Allouche J, Ding W, Yekkirala A, Hsiao JJ, Su MY, Theodosakis N, Kozak G, Takeuchi Y, Shen S, Berenyi A, Mao J, Woolf CJ, Fisher DE. Reduced MC4R signaling alters nociceptive thresholds associated with red hair. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabd1310. [PMID: 33811065 PMCID: PMC11057701 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Humans and mice with natural red hair have elevated basal pain thresholds and an increased sensitivity to opioid analgesics. We investigated the mechanisms responsible for higher nociceptive thresholds in red-haired mice resulting from a loss of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) function and found that the increased thresholds are melanocyte dependent but melanin independent. MC1R loss of function decreases melanocytic proopiomelanocortin transcription and systemic melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) levels in the plasma of red-haired (Mc1re/e ) mice. Decreased peripheral α-MSH derepresses the central opioid tone mediated by the opioid receptor OPRM1, resulting in increased nociceptive thresholds. We identified MC4R as the MSH-responsive receptor that opposes OPRM1 signaling and the periaqueductal gray area in the brainstem as a central area of opioid/melanocortin antagonism. This work highlights the physiologic role of melanocytic MC1R and circulating melanocortins in the regulation of nociception and provides a mechanistic framework for altered opioid signaling and pain sensitivity in red-haired individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen C Robinson
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lajos V Kemény
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gillian L Fell
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Andrea L Hermann
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Jennifer Allouche
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Weihua Ding
- MGH Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ajay Yekkirala
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer J Hsiao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Mack Y Su
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Nicholas Theodosakis
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gabor Kozak
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- University Neurology Hospital and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yuichi Takeuchi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
- Neurocybernetics Excellence Center, University of Szeged, 10 Dom sqr, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shiqian Shen
- MGH Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Antal Berenyi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- Neurocybernetics Excellence Center, University of Szeged, 10 Dom sqr, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York City, NY 10016, USA
- HCEMM-USZ Magnetotherapeutics Research Group, University of Szeged, 10 Dom sqr, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Jianren Mao
- MGH Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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Zhang X, Yu K, Ma L, Qian Z, Tian X, Miao Y, Niu Y, Xu X, Guo S, Yang Y, Wang Z, Xue X, Gu C, Fang W, Sun J, Yu Y, Wang J. Endogenous glutamate determines ferroptosis sensitivity via ADCY10-dependent YAP suppression in lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5650-5674. [PMID: 33897873 PMCID: PMC8058707 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Ferroptosis, a newly identified form of regulated cell death, can be induced following the inhibition of cystine-glutamate antiporter system XC- because of the impaired uptake of cystine. However, the outcome following the accumulation of endogenous glutamate in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not yet been determined. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is sustained by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP)-dependent O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), and glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (GFPT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP, can be phosphorylated and inhibited by adenylyl cyclase (ADCY)-mediated activation of protein kinase A (PKA). However, whether accumulated endogenous glutamate determines ferroptosis sensitivity by influencing the ADCY/PKA/HBP/YAP axis in LUAD cells is not understood. Methods: Cell viability, cell death and the generation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured to evaluate the responses to the induction of ferroptosis following the inhibition of system XC-. Tandem mass tags (TMTs) were employed to explore potential factors critical for the ferroptosis sensitivity of LUAD cells. Immunoblotting (IB) and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) were used to analyze protein and mRNA expression. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays were performed to identify protein-protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. Metabolite levels were measured using the appropriate kits. Transcriptional regulation was evaluated using a luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Drug administration and limiting dilution cell transplantation were performed with cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. The associations among clinical outcome, drug efficacy and ADCY10 expression were determined based on data from patients who underwent curative surgery and evaluated with patient-derived primary LUAD cells and tissues. Results: The accumulation of endogenous glutamate following system XC- inhibition has been shown to determine ferroptosis sensitivity by suppressing YAP in LUAD cells. YAP O-GlcNAcylation and expression cannot be sustained in LUAD cells upon impairment of GFPT1. Thus, Hippo pathway-like phosphorylation and ubiquitination of YAP are enhanced. ADCY10 acts as a key downstream target and diversifies the effects of glutamate on the PKA-dependent suppression of GFPT1. We also discovered that the protumorigenic and proferroptotic effects of ADCY10 are mediated separately. Advanced-stage LUADs with high ADCY10 expression are sensitive to ferroptosis. Moreover, LUAD cells with acquired therapy resistance are also prone to higher ADCY10 expression and are more likely to respond to ferroptosis. Finally, a varying degree of secondary labile iron increase is caused by the failure to sustain YAP-stimulated transcriptional compensation for ferritin at later stages further explains why ferroptosis sensitivity varies among LUAD cells. Conclusions: Endogenous glutamate is critical for ferroptosis sensitivity following the inhibition of system XC- in LUAD cells, and ferroptosis-based treatment is a good choice for LUAD patients with later-stage and/or therapy-resistant tumors.
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Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) Mediates the Antidepressant-Like Effects of Tropisetron on a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation Stress. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 2021:5586119. [PMID: 33976935 PMCID: PMC8084677 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5586119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The adenylyl cyclase (AC) pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Finding new antidepressants with high medicinal properties and low side effects is warranted. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron on a maternal separation (MS) model in mice, considering the possible role of AC. NMRI male mice were divided into eleven groups. The control group was treated with saline and MS groups were treated with saline, tropisetron (a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) at doses of 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg; forskolin (an activator of AC) at doses of 5, 10, and 25 mg/kg; a subeffective dose of forskolin with a subeffective dose of tropisetron; and an effective dose of tropisetron plus an effective dose of NB001 (3 mg/kg) (an AC inhibitor). After treatment, animals were subjected to behavioral tests including the forced swimming test (FST), splash test, and open field test (OFT). We showed that MS caused depressive-like behaviors determined as an increase in the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and decreased grooming time in the splash test. Our results showed that administration of tropisetron, as well as forskolin, mitigated the depressive-like behaviors in MS mice. We found that coadministration of a subeffective dose of tropisetron plus a subeffective dose of forskolin potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. However, coadministration of an effective dose of NB001 with an effective dose of tropisetron did not significantly affect the antidepressant-like effect of tropisetron. We concluded that the antidepressant-like effects of tropisetron on MS mice are partially mediated through the adenylyl cyclase pathway.
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35
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Siraj MA, Mundil D, Beca S, Momen A, Shikatani EA, Afroze T, Sun X, Liu Y, Ghaffari S, Lee W, Wheeler MB, Keller G, Backx P, Husain M. Cardioprotective GLP-1 metabolite prevents ischemic cardiac injury by inhibiting mitochondrial trifunctional protein-α. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1392-1404. [PMID: 31985487 DOI: 10.1172/jci99934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms mediating the cardioprotective actions of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) were unknown. Here, we show in both ex vivo and in vivo models of ischemic injury that treatment with GLP-1(28-36), a neutral endopeptidase-generated (NEP-generated) metabolite of GLP-1, was as cardioprotective as GLP-1 and was abolished by scrambling its amino acid sequence. GLP-1(28-36) enters human coronary artery endothelial cells (caECs) through macropinocytosis and acts directly on mouse and human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (caSMCs) and caECs, resulting in soluble adenylyl cyclase Adcy10-dependent (sAC-dependent) increases in cAMP, activation of protein kinase A, and cytoprotection from oxidative injury. GLP-1(28-36) modulates sAC by increasing intracellular ATP levels, with accompanying cAMP accumulation lost in sAC-/- cells. We identify mitochondrial trifunctional protein-α (MTPα) as a binding partner of GLP-1(28-36) and demonstrate that the ability of GLP-1(28-36) to shift substrate utilization from oxygen-consuming fatty acid metabolism toward oxygen-sparing glycolysis and glucose oxidation and to increase cAMP levels is dependent on MTPα. NEP inhibition with sacubitril blunted the ability of GLP-1 to increase cAMP levels in coronary vascular cells in vitro. GLP-1(28-36) is a small peptide that targets novel molecular (MTPα and sAC) and cellular (caSMC and caEC) mechanisms in myocardial ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ahsan Siraj
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dhanwantee Mundil
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanja Beca
- Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Center of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Abdul Momen
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric A Shikatani
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Talat Afroze
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuetao Sun
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren Lee
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry.,Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Peter Backx
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Center of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, and.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and.,Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Fang J, Koh J, Fang Q, Qiu H, Archang MM, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Miwa H, Zhong X, Sievers R, Gao DW, Lee R, Carlo DD, Li S. Injectable Drug-Releasing Microporous Annealed Particle Scaffolds for Treating Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2004307. [PMID: 33708028 PMCID: PMC7942842 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202004307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Intramyocardial injection of hydrogels offers great potential for treating myocardial infarction (MI) in a minimally invasive manner. However, traditional bulk hydrogels generally lack microporous structures to support rapid tissue ingrowth and biochemical signals to prevent fibrotic remodeling toward heart failure. To address such challenges, a novel drug-releasing microporous annealed particle (drugMAP) system is developed by encapsulating hydrophobic drug-loaded nanoparticles into microgel building blocks via microfluidic manufacturing. By modulating nanoparticle hydrophilicity and pregel solution viscosity, drugMAP building blocks are generated with consistent and homogeneous encapsulation of nanoparticles. In addition, the complementary effects of forskolin (F) and Repsox (R) on the functional modulations of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in vitro are demonstrated. After that, both hydrophobic drugs (F and R) are loaded into drugMAP to generate FR/drugMAP for MI therapy in a rat model. The intramyocardial injection of MAP gel improves left ventricular functions, which are further enhanced by FR/drugMAP treatment with increased angiogenesis and reduced fibrosis and inflammatory response. This drugMAP platform represents a new generation of microgel particles for MI therapy and will have broad applications in regenerative medicine and disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jaekyung Koh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qizhi Fang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Maani M Archang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Hiromi Miwa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xintong Zhong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard Sievers
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dong-Wei Gao
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Randall Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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37
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Ohta H, Yabuta Y, Kurimoto K, Nakamura T, Murase Y, Yamamoto T, Saitou M. Cyclosporin A and FGF signaling support the proliferation/survival of mouse primordial germ cell-like cells in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:344-360. [PMID: 33079185 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the founding population of the germ cell lineage that undergo a multistep process to generate spermatozoa or oocytes. Establishing an appropriate culture system for PGCs is a key challenge in reproductive biology. By a chemical screening using mouse PGC-like cells (mPGCLCs), which were induced from mouse embryonic stem cells, we reported previously that forskolin and rolipram synergistically enhanced the proliferation/survival of mPGCLCs with an average expansion rate of ~20-fold. In the present study, we evaluated other chemicals or cytokines to see whether they would improve the current mPGCLC culture system. Among the chemicals and cytokines examined, in the presence of forskolin and rolipram, cyclosporin A (CsA) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs: FGF2 and FGF10) effectively enhanced the expansion of mPGCLCs in vitro (~50-fold on average). During the expansion by CsA or FGFs, mPGCLCs comprehensively erased their DNA methylation to acquire a profile equivalent to that of gonadal germ cells in vivo, while maintaining their highly motile phenotype as well as their transcriptional properties as sexually uncommitted PGCs. Importantly, these mPGCLCs robustly contributed to spermatogenesis and produced fertile offspring. Furthermore, mouse PGCs (mPGCs) cultured with CsA ex vivo showed transcriptomes and DNA methylomes similar to those of cultured mPGCLCs. The improved culture system for mPGCLCs/mPGCs would be instructive for addressing key questions in PGC biology, including the mechanisms for germ cell migration, epigenetic reprogramming, and sex determination of the germline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ohta
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yabuta
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kurimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Embryology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nakamura
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murase
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitinori Saitou
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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38
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Simard M, Morin S, Rioux G, Séguin R, Loing E, Pouliot R. A Tissue-Engineered Human Psoriatic Skin Model to Investigate the Implication of cAMP in Psoriasis: Differential Impacts of Cholera Toxin and Isoproterenol on cAMP Levels of the Epidermis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155215. [PMID: 32717879 PMCID: PMC7432929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological and healthy skin models were reconstructed using similar culture conditions according to well-known tissue engineering protocols. For both models, cyclic nucleotide enhancers were used as additives to promote keratinocytes’ proliferation. Cholera toxin (CT) and isoproterenol (ISO), a beta-adrenergic agonist, are the most common cAMP stimulators recommended for cell culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of either CT or ISO on the pathological characteristics of the dermatosis while producing a psoriatic skin model. Healthy and psoriatic skin substitutes were produced according to the self-assembly method of tissue engineering, using culture media supplemented with either CT (10−10 M) or ISO (10−6 M). Psoriatic substitutes produced with CT exhibited a more pronounced psoriatic phenotype than those produced with ISO. Indeed, the psoriatic substitutes produced with CT had the thickest epidermis, as well as contained the most proliferating cells and the most altered expression of involucrin, filaggrin, and keratin 10. Of the four conditions under study, psoriatic substitutes produced with CT had the highest levels of cAMP and enhanced expression of adenylate cyclase 9. Taken together, these results suggest that high levels of cAMP are linked to a stronger psoriatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Simard
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (M.S.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (R.S.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sophie Morin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (M.S.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (R.S.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Geneviève Rioux
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (M.S.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (R.S.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rachelle Séguin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (M.S.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (R.S.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Estelle Loing
- IFF-Lucas Meyer Cosmetics, Québec, QC G1V 4M6, Canada;
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec—Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (M.S.); (S.M.); (G.R.); (R.S.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 61706); Fax: +1-418-990-8248
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Chinn AM, Insel PA. Cyclic AMP in dendritic cells: A novel potential target for disease-modifying agents in asthma and other allergic disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3363-3377. [PMID: 32372523 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases are immune disorders that are a global health problem, affecting a large portion of the world's population. Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease that alters the biology of the airway. A substantial portion of patients with asthma do not respond to conventional therapies; thus, new and effective therapeutics are needed. Dendritic cells (DCs), antigen presenting cells that regulate helper T cell differentiation, are key drivers of allergic inflammation but are not the target of current therapies. Here we review the role of dendritic cells in allergic conditions and propose a disease-modifying strategy for treating allergic asthma: cAMP-mediated inhibition of dendritic cells to blunt allergic inflammation. This approach contrasts with current treatments that focus on treating clinical manifestations of airway inflammation. Disease-modifying agents that target cAMP and its signalling pathway in dendritic cells may provide a novel means to treat asthma and other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Chinn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Paul A Insel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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40
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Kelly MP, Heckman PRA, Havekes R. Genetic manipulation of cyclic nucleotide signaling during hippocampal neuroplasticity and memory formation. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 190:101799. [PMID: 32360536 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research have underscored the importance of cyclic nucleotide signaling in memory formation and synaptic plasticity. In recent years, several new genetic techniques have expanded the neuroscience toolbox, allowing researchers to measure and modulate cyclic nucleotide gradients with high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we will provide an overview of studies using genetic approaches to interrogate the role cyclic nucleotide signaling plays in hippocampus-dependent memory processes and synaptic plasticity. Particular attention is given to genetic techniques that measure real-time changes in cyclic nucleotide levels as well as newly-developed genetic strategies to transiently manipulate cyclic nucleotide signaling in a subcellular compartment-specific manner with high temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd, VA Bldg1, 3(rd) Fl, D-12, Columbia, 29209, SC, USA.
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology Expertise Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
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41
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Zhang Y, Zhou P, Wang Z, Chen M, Fu F, Su R. Hsp90β positively regulates μ-opioid receptor function. Life Sci 2020; 252:117676. [PMID: 32304763 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Many μ-opioid receptor (MOR)-associated proteins can regulate the MOR signaling pathway. Using a bacterial two-hybrid screen, we found that the C-terminal of the MOR associated with heat shock protein 90 isoform β (Hsp90β). Here, we explored the effect of Hsp90β on MOR signaling transduction and function. MAIN METHODS The interaction of Hsp90β with MOR was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. The effects of Hsp90β on MOR signaling induced by opioids were studied in vitro and in vivo. The effects of the Hsp90β inhibitor 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) on morphine tolerance and dependence were studied via a hot plate test and CPP test. KEY FINDINGS Hsp90β, instead of Hsp90α, interacted with the MOR in HEK293 cells and SH-SY5Y cells, and the interaction was augmented after morphine pretreatment. The interaction of Hsp90β and MOR increased the inhibition of cAMP and decreased PKA activity under opioid treatment. The functional Hsp90β-MOR complex also promoted the phosphorylation and internalization of the MOR induced by DAMGO in MOR-CHO cells. 17-AAG blocked Hsp90β-MOR interactions and decreased the effect of Hsp90β on the MOR signal transduction. In C57BL/6 mice, 17-AAG decreased morphine-induced acute anti-nociception in the hot plate test, with an increase in phosphorylated PKA and phosphorylated JNK and a decrease in phosphorylated CREB and phosphorylated ERK in murine brains. Chronic morphine treatment induced tolerance, and dependence was inhibited by 17-AAG co-administration. SIGNIFICANCE Hsp90β is a positive co-regulator of the MOR via the activation of a G-protein-dependent and β-arrestin-dependent pathway. Hsp90β has the potential to improve the pharmacologic profile of existing opiates. It is conceivable that in future clinical treatments, the Hsp90β inhibitor, 17-AAG, could decrease the tolerance and dependence in cancer patients induced by opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Peilan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ruibin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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42
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Neuropathic and cAMP-induced pain behavior is ameliorated in mice lacking CNGB1. Neuropharmacology 2020; 171:108087. [PMID: 32272140 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, which are directly activated by cAMP and cGMP, have long been known to play a key role in retinal and olfactory signal transduction. Emerging evidence indicates that CNG channels are also involved in signaling pathways important for pain processing. Here, we found that the expression of the channel subunits CNGA2, CNGA3, CNGA4 and CNGB1 in dorsal root ganglia, and of CNGA2 in the spinal cord, is transiently altered after peripheral nerve injury in mice. Specifically, we show using in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time RT-PCR that CNG channels containing the CNGB1b subunit are localized to populations of sensory neurons and predominantly excitatory interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn. In CNGB1 knockout (CNGB1-/-) mice, neuropathic pain behavior is considerably attenuated whereas inflammatory pain behavior is normal. Finally, we provide evidence to support CNGB1 as a downstream mediator of cAMP signaling in pain pathways. Altogether, our data suggest that CNGB1-positive CNG channels specifically contribute to neuropathic pain processing after peripheral nerve injury.
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43
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Weng Z, Xu G, Chen D, Yang Y, Song G, Shen W, Zhang S, Wang L, Yang W, Zuo Z. Discovery of a potent and selective adenylyl cyclase type 8 agonist by docking-based virtual screening. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126823. [PMID: 31776060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs), which are responsible for catalyzing the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), play a critical role in cell signal transduction. In this study, a combined approach involving docking-based virtual screening, with the combination of homology modeling followed by an in-vitro, and cell-based biological assay have been performed for discovering a class of novel potent and selective isoform adenylyl cyclase type 8 (AC8) agonist. The computer-aided virtual screening was used to identify fourteen virtual cluster compounds as potential hits which were further subjected to rigorous bioassays. A novel hit compound VHC-7 (ethyl 3-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-2-oxoindoline-3-carboxylate) was identified as a highly potent selective AC8 agonist with EC50 value of 0.1052 ± 0.038 µM. Remarkably, the molecule herein reported can be explored further to discover greater number of hit compounds with better pharmacokinetic properties as well as to serve as a promising novel hit agonist of AC8 for the treatment of various central nervous system disorders and its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Dingyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Gao Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - LiangLiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Weimin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Zhili Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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44
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The Role of Cyclic AMP Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010069. [PMID: 31888098 PMCID: PMC7016856 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial stress and injury invariably promote remodeling of the cardiac tissue, which is associated with cardiomyocyte death and development of fibrosis. The fibrotic process is initially triggered by the differentiation of resident cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. These activated fibroblasts display increased proliferative capacity and secrete large amounts of extracellular matrix. Uncontrolled myofibroblast activation can thus promote heart stiffness, cardiac dysfunction, arrhythmias, and progression to heart failure. Despite the well-established role of myofibroblasts in mediating cardiac disease, our current knowledge on how signaling pathways promoting fibrosis are regulated and coordinated in this cell type is largely incomplete. In this respect, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling acts as a major modulator of fibrotic responses activated in fibroblasts of injured or stressed hearts. In particular, accumulating evidence now suggests that upstream cAMP modulators including G protein-coupled receptors, adenylyl cyclases (ACs), and phosphodiesterases (PDEs); downstream cAMP effectors such as protein kinase A (PKA) and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac; and cAMP signaling organizers such as A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) modulate a variety of fundamental cellular processes involved in myocardial fibrosis including myofibroblast differentiation, proliferation, collagen secretion, and invasiveness. The current review will discuss recent advances highlighting the role of cAMP and AKAP-mediated signaling in regulating pathophysiological responses controlling cardiac fibrosis.
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45
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Fan Y, Mu J, Huang M, Imani S, Wang Y, Lin S, Fan J, Wen Q. Epigenetic identification of ADCY4 as a biomarker for breast cancer: an integrated analysis of adenylate cyclases. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1561-1579. [PMID: 31584294 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the role of adenylyl cyclase isoforms and its epigenetics in cancer. Materials & methods: Adenylyl cyclase expression profiles, epigenetic alterations, prognostic value and molecular networks were assessed by use of public omics datasets. Results: ADCY4 was significantly downregulated in breast cancer. This downregulation was associated with promoter hypermethylation. High ADCY4 expression was correlated with better survival of patients with breast cancer and its different intrinsic subtypes and tumor stages. ADCY4 was shown to be strongly associated with G protein coupled receptors and the downstream cAMP signaling pathway, which was also significantly enriched in newly identified lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 and glucagon-like peptide-1. Conclusion: ADCY4 may be used as an epigenetic biomarker for breast cancer, as well as a possible target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Junhao Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Breast Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Saber Imani
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Health Examination Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Fan
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, PR China
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46
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Qi C, Sorrentino S, Medalia O, Korkhov VM. The structure of a membrane adenylyl cyclase bound to an activated stimulatory G protein. Science 2019; 364:389-394. [PMID: 31023924 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-integral adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are key enzymes in mammalian heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-dependent signal transduction, which is important in many cellular processes. Signals received by the G protein-coupled receptors are conveyed to ACs through G proteins to modulate the levels of cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Here, we describe the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the bovine membrane AC9 bound to an activated G protein αs subunit at 3.4-angstrom resolution. The structure reveals the organization of the membrane domain and helical domain that spans between the membrane and catalytic domains of AC9. The carboxyl-terminal extension of the catalytic domain occludes both the catalytic and the allosteric sites of AC9, inducing a conformation distinct from the substrate- and activator-bound state, suggesting a regulatory role in cAMP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qi
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Simona Sorrentino
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Volodymyr M Korkhov
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
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47
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He T, Sun R, Santhanam AV, d'Uscio LV, Lu T, Katusic ZS. Impairment of amyloid precursor protein alpha-processing in cerebral microvessels of type 1 diabetic mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1085-1098. [PMID: 29251519 PMCID: PMC6547183 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17746981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying dysfunction of cerebral microvasculature induced by type 1 diabetes (T1D) are not fully understood. We hypothesized that in cerebral microvascular endothelium, α-processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is impaired by T1D. In cerebral microvessels derived from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D mice protein levels of APP and its α-processing enzyme, a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) were significantly decreased, along with down-regulation of adenylate cyclase 3 (AC3) and enhanced production of thromboxane A2 (TXA2). In vitro studies in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) revealed that knockdown of AC3 significantly suppressed ADAM10 protein levels, and that activation of TXA2 receptor decreased APP expression. Furthermore, levels of soluble APPα (sAPPα, a product of α-processing of APP) were significantly reduced in hippocampus of T1D mice. In contrast, amyloidogenic processing of APP was not affected by T1D in both cerebral microvessels and hippocampus. Most notably, studies in endothelial specific APP knockout mice established that genetic inactivation of APP in endothelium was sufficient to significantly reduce sAPPα levels in the hippocampus. In aggregate, our findings suggest that T1D impairs non-amyloidogenic processing of APP in cerebral microvessels. This may exert detrimental effect on local concentration of neuroprotective molecule, sAPPα, in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongrong He
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ruohan Sun
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.,2 Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Anantha Vr Santhanam
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Livius V d'Uscio
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zvonimir S Katusic
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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Pathological cardiac hypertrophy: the synergy of adenylyl cyclases inhibition in cardiac and immune cells during chronic catecholamine stress. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:897-907. [PMID: 31062036 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Response to stressors in our environment and daily lives is an adaptation conserved through evolution as it is beneficial in enhancing the survival and continuity of humans. Although stressors have evolved, the drastic physiological response they elicit still remains unchanged. The chronic secretion and circulation of catecholamines to produce physical responses when they are not required may result in pathological consequences which affect cardiac function drastically. This review seeks to point out the probable implication of chronic stress in inducing an inflammation disorder in the heart. We discussed the likely synergy of a G protein-independent stimuli signaling via β2-adrenergic receptors in both cardiomyocytes and immune cells during chronic catecholamine stress. To explain this synergy, we hypothesized the possibility of adenylyl cyclases having a regulatory effect on G protein-coupled receptor kinases. This was based on the negative correlations they exhibit during normal cardiac function and heart failures. As such, the downregulation of adenylyl cyclases in cardiomyocytes and immune cells during chronic catecholamine stress enhances the expressions of G protein-coupled receptor kinases. In addition, we explain the maladaptive roles played by G protein-coupled receptor kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the synergistic cascade that pathologically remodels the heart. Finally, we highlighted the therapeutic potentials of an adenylyl cyclases stimulator to attenuate pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) and improve cardiac function in patients developing cardiac disorders due to chronic catecholamine stress.
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49
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Chen R, Zeng L, Zhu S, Liu J, Zeh HJ, Kroemer G, Wang H, Billiar TR, Jiang J, Tang D, Kang R. cAMP metabolism controls caspase-11 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in sepsis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav5562. [PMID: 31131320 PMCID: PMC6531004 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav5562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to activate caspase-11-dependent nonclassical inflammasome is intricately controlled to avoid excessive inflammatory responses. However, very little is known about the regulatory role of various metabolic pathways in the control of caspase-11 activation. Here, we demonstrate that l-adrenaline can act on receptor ADRA2B to inhibit the activation of the caspase-11 inflammasome by cytosolic LPS or Escherichia coli infection in macrophages. l-adrenaline-induced cAMP production via the enzyme ADCY4 promotes protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which then blocks the caspase-11-mediated proteolytic maturation of interleukin-1β, gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage, and consequent DAMP release. Inhibition of PDE8A-mediated cAMP hydrolysis limits caspase-11 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in macrophages. Consequently, pharmacological modulation of the ADRA2B-ADCY4-PDE8A-PKA axis, knockout of caspase-11 (Casp11-/- ), or Gsdmd inactivation (GsdmdI105N/I105N ) similarly protects against LPS-induced lethality in poly(I:C)-primed mice. Our results provide previously unidentified mechanistic insight into immune regulation by cAMP and represent a proof of concept that immunometabolism constitutes a potential therapeutic target in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Research Institute for Traffic Medicine of People’s Liberation Army, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Herbert J. Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital and The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Research Institute for Traffic Medicine of People’s Liberation Army, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Price T, Brust TF. Adenylyl cyclase 7 and neuropsychiatric disorders: A new target for depression? Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:106-112. [PMID: 30904753 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are enzymes that catalyze the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Humans express nine isoforms of membranous ACs and a soluble AC. Studies with genetic knockout or overexpression rodent models have indicated that AC isoforms may be targeted to achieve specific therapeutic outcomes. AC1, for instance, has been suggested and pursued as a target for relieving pain. Notably, previous studies examining genetically modified mice as well as human genetic polymorphisms have suggested a link between AC7 activity and depressive disorders. In the present review we present an overview on AC function and discuss the most recent developments to target AC isoforms for drug therapies. We next focus on discussing the available literature on the molecular and animal pharmacology of AC7 highlighting the available studies on the role of AC7 in depressive disorders. In addition, we discuss other possible physiological functions of AC7 relating to ethanol effects and the immune system and conclude with considerations about pharmacological modulation of AC7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatum Price
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33416, United States
| | - Tarsis F Brust
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL 33416, United States..
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