1
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Yang L, Wang Q, He L, Sun X. The critical role of tumor microbiome in cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2301801. [PMID: 38241173 PMCID: PMC10802201 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2301801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the microbiome has shown an integral role in cancer immunotherapy and has become a prominent and widely studied topic. A full understanding of the interactions between the tumor microbiome and various immunotherapies offers opportunities for immunotherapy of cancer. This review scrutinizes the composition of the tumor microbiome, the mechanism of microbial immune regulation, the influence of tumor microorganisms on tumor metastasis, and the interaction between tumor microorganisms and immunotherapy. In addition, this review also summarizes the challenges and opportunities of immunotherapy through tumor microbes, as well as the prospects and directions for future related research. In conclusion, the potential of microbial immunotherapy to enhance treatment outcomes for cancer patients should not be underestimated. Through this review, it is hoped that more research on tumor microbial immunotherapy will be done to better solve the treatment problems of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Department of Health Management Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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2
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Tazi LA, Benabdesslem Y, Amara S, Hachem K. A survey into the utilization of probiotics and medicinal plants among individuals afflicted with gastrointestinal disorders in healthcare institutions in Saïda, Algeria. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2317492. [PMID: 38369815 PMCID: PMC10878339 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2317492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are recognized as a major public health concern worldwide. These disorders involve persistent digestive symptoms indicative of digestive tract dysfunction.Materials and Methods: A survey examining the utilisation of probiotics and medicinal plants as supplementary treatments was conducted on 160 patients with GI disorders at healthcare institutions in Saïda from March to April 2023 using questionnaires that had been previously adapted and tested for reliability with Cronbach's alpha test. Raw data collected through the questionnaires were transferred to a database and analysed using SPSS software.Results: Overall, 49.38% of participants possessed knowledge of or actively utilised probiotics; such awareness was strongly associated with the participants' educational attainment (p = 0.029). The noteworthy probiotic supplements were Biocharbon (36.09%), Lactocil (15.38%), Smebiocta (13.61%), Ultrabiotic Adult (12.43%), Effidigest (12.43%), and Ultralevure (7.69%). During crisis, individuals tended to consume natural goods rich in probiotics, including yoghurt (13.26%) and fermented milk (8.60%), as well as foods rich in prebiotic fibre, including vegetables (18.99%), fruits (13.26%), wheat (9.67%), bran (7.52%), rye (6.81%), and oat flakes (6.45%). Additionally, 77.56% of patients used medicinal plants during crises, with Mentha spicata (12.2%), Thymus vulgaris (11.3%), Pimpinella anisum (8.5%), Cuminum cyminum (8.0%), Punica granatum (7.8%), Trachyspermum ammi (7.5%), and Senna acutifolia (7.0%) being the more commonly favoured options in phytotherapy. The main focus of these herbs was to alleviate bloating (57%), constipation (30.12%), and diarrhoea (12.87%) (p < 0.001). The most frequently utilised plant parts were leaves (47.30%), seeds (25.21%), and bark (13.21%). Most patients (82.91%) favoured infusion as their preferred consumption method, and approximately 85.43% believed in phytotherapy's ability to extend symptomatic relief.Conclusion: The understanding of probiotics is still in its infancy, whereas phytotherapy is more widely accepted by patients. Nonetheless, patients are open to the exploration of natural alternatives to conventional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Abir Tazi
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Saïda - Dr. Tahar Moulay, Saïda, Algeria
| | - Yasmina Benabdesslem
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Saïda - Dr. Tahar Moulay, Saïda, Algeria
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Pathology, Agro-Biotechnology and Health (LAB-NUPABS), University Djillali Liabès, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria
| | - Sabrina Amara
- Laboratory of Biology of Microorganisms and Biotechnology (LBMB), University of Oran 1, Oran, Algeria
| | - Kadda Hachem
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Saïda - Dr. Tahar Moulay, Saïda, Algeria
- Laboratory of Production, Plant and Microbial Valorization (LP2VM), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of Oran – Mohamed Boudiaf, Oran, Algeria
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3
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Wang J, Ma Y, Xu X, Huang G, Zhang R, Jia X, Dong L, Deng M, Zhang M, Huang F. Comparison of different longan polysaccharides during gut Bacteroides fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 461:140840. [PMID: 39154462 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The bioactivity of polysaccharide was closely related to its fermentation utilization by gut Bacteroides, and its utilization degree was determined by various gut Bacteroides species and different polysaccharides characteristics. The effects of longan polysaccharide (LP) and LP treated by ultrasonic-assisted hydrogen peroxide for 8 h (DLP-8) on gut Bacteroides growth, and their fermentation utilization were compared. The results of LP and DLP-8 on the proliferation of six Bacteroides species showed that Bacteroides uniformis had the highest proliferation index. In fermentation by B. uniformis, DLP-8 (with a lower molecular weight), the viable count of which was higher than that of LP, was degraded more and especially utilized more glucose and glucuronic acid. The microstructure of the two polysaccharides changed differently during fermentation. Moreover, DLP-8 promoted greater short-chain fatty acids production than LP. These results indicated that the fermentation properties of DLP-8 by B. uniformis were superior to those of LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidongtian Wang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yongxuan Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Guitao Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Xuchao Jia
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Lihong Dong
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
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4
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Zhang C, Pi X, Li X, Huo J, Wang W. Edible herbal source-derived polysaccharides as potential prebiotics: Composition, structure, gut microbiota regulation, and its related health effects. Food Chem 2024; 458:140267. [PMID: 38968717 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently, with changes in dietary patterns, there has been increased interest in the concept of food and medicine homology, which can help prevent disease development. This has led to a growing focus on the development of functional health foods derived from edible herbal sources. Polysaccharides, found in many edible herbal sources, are gaining popularity as natural ingredients in the production of functional food products. The gut microbiota can effectively utilize most edible herbal polysaccharides (EHPs) and produce beneficial metabolites; therefore, the prebiotic potential of EHPs is gradually being recognized. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the structural features and characterization of EHPs to promote gut microbiota regulation as well as the structure-activity relationship between EHPs and gut microbiota. As prebiotics, intestinal microbiota can use EHPs to indirectly produce metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids to promote overall health; on the other hand, different EHP structures possess some degree of selectivity on gut microbiota regulation. Moreover, we evaluate the functionality and mechanism underlying EHPs in terms of anticancer activity, antimetabolic diseases, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, China, 150036
| | - Xiaowen Pi
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiuwei Li
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, China, 150036
| | - Jinhai Huo
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, China, 150036.
| | - Weiming Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, China, 150036.
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5
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Chen M, Wang R, Wang T. Gut microbiota and skin pathologies: Mechanism of the gut-skin axis in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112658. [PMID: 39137625 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are chronic skin diseases with a global impact, posing significant challenges to public health systems and severely affecting patients' quality of life. This review delves into the key role of the gut microbiota in these diseases, emphasizing the importance of the gut-skin axis in inflammatory mediators and immune regulation and revealing a complex bidirectional communication system. We comprehensively assessed the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies for AD and psoriasis, with a particular focus on how the gut microbiota and their metabolites influence disease progression via the gut-skin axis. In addition, personalized treatment plans based on individual patient microbiome characteristics have been proposed, offering new perspectives for future treatment approaches. We call for enhanced interdisciplinary cooperation to further explore the interactions between gut microbiota and skin diseases and to assess the potential of drugs and natural products in modulating the gut-skin axis, aiming to advance the treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China.
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6
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Liu A, Wu H, Dong Z, Fan Q, Huang J, Jin Z, Xiao N, Liu H, Li Z, Ming L. Recent trends in nanocellulose: Metabolism-related, gastrointestinal effects, and applications in probiotic delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 343:122442. [PMID: 39174123 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, a versatile and sustainable nanomaterial derived from cellulose fibers, has attracted considerable attention in various fields due to its unique properties. Similar to dietary fibers, nanocellulose is difficult to digest in the human gastrointestinal tract. The indigestible nanocellulose is fermented by gut microbiota, producing metabolites and potentially exhibiting prebiotic activity in intestinal diseases. Additionally, nanocellulose can serve as a matrix material for probiotic protection and show promising prospects for probiotic delivery. In this review, we summarize the classification of nanocellulose, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), highlighting their distinct characteristics and applications. We discuss the metabolism-related characteristics of nanocellulose from oral ingestion to colon fermentation and introduce the prebiotic activity of nanocellulose in intestinal diseases. Furthermore, we provide an overview of commonly used nanocellulose-based encapsulation techniques, such as emulsification, extrusion, freeze drying, and spray drying, as well as the delivery systems employing nanocellulose matrix materials, including microcapsules, emulsions, and hydrogels. Finally, we discuss the challenges associated with nanocellulose metabolism, prebiotic functionality, encapsulation techniques, and delivery systems using nanocellulose matrix material for probiotics. This review will provide new insight into the application of nanocellulose in the treatment of intestinal diseases and probiotic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hailian Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zishu Dong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qimeng Fan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhengji Jin
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongning Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhe Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Liangshan Ming
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China.
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7
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Ma WW, Huang ZQ, Liu K, Li DZ, Mo TL, Liu Q. The role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in intestinal inflammation. Microbiol Res 2024; 288:127838. [PMID: 39153466 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
With the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, the body will then face an inflammatory response, which has serious implications for human health. Bodily allergies, injury or pathogens infections can trigger or promote inflammation and alter the intestinal environment. Meanwhile, excessive changes in the intestinal environment cause the imbalance of microbial homeostasis, which leads to the proliferation and colonization of opportunistic pathogens, invasion of the body's immune system, and the intensification of inflammation. Some natural compounds and gut microbiota and metabolites can reduce inflammation; however, the details of how they interact with the gut immune system and reduce the gut inflammatory response still need to be fully understood. The review focuses on inflammation and intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by pathogens. The body reacts differently to different types of pathogenic bacteria, and the ingestion of pathogens leads to inflamed gastrointestinal tract disorders or intestinal inflammation. In this paper, unraveling the interactions between the inflammation, pathogenic bacteria, and intestinal microbiota based on inflammation caused by several common pathogens. Finally, we summarize the effects of intestinal metabolites and natural anti-inflammatory substances on inflammation to provide help for related research of intestinal inflammation caused by pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Ma
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - De-Zhi Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Tian-Lu Mo
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
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8
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Baenas I, Camacho-Barcia L, Miranda-Olivos R, Solé-Morata N, Misiolek A, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Probiotic and prebiotic interventions in eating disorders: A narrative review. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2024; 32:1085-1104. [PMID: 38297469 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The review aimed to summarise and discuss findings focused on therapeutic probiotic and prebiotic interventions in eating disorders (ED). METHODS Using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science all published studies were retrieved until February 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. From the 111 initial studies, 5 met the inclusion criteria for this review. RESULTS All studies included in this narrative review were focused on anorexia nervosa (AN). Three longitudinal, randomised, controlled trials aimed to evaluate interventions with probiotics (Lactobacillus reuteri, yoghurt with Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus) in children and adolescents. These studies primarily emphasised medical outcomes and anthropometric measures following the administration of probiotics. However, the findings yielded mixed results in terms of short-term weight gain or alterations in specific immunological parameters. With a lower level of evidence, supplementation with synbiotics (probiotic + prebiotic) has been associated with improvements in microbiota diversity and attenuation of inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS Research on probiotics and prebiotics in ED is limited, primarily focussing on anorexia nervosa (AN). Their use in AN regarding medical and anthropometric outcomes needs further confirmation and future research should be warranted to assess their impact on psychological and ED symptomatology, where there is a notable gap in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baenas
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Translational Research, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romina Miranda-Olivos
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Translational Research, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Misiolek
- Proyecto Autoestima Relaciones y Trastornos Alimenticios (ART), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychology Services, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Mafaldo ÍM, Araújo LM, Cabral L, Barão CE, Noronha MF, Fink JR, de Albuquerque TMR, Dos Santos Lima M, Vidal H, Pimentel TC, Magnani M. Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Brazilian cultivars have different chemical compositions, present prebiotic potential, and beneficial effects on the colonic microbiota of celiac individuals. Food Res Int 2024; 195:114909. [PMID: 39277216 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential prebiotic properties of cassava cultivars from Northeast [Doce mel and Ourinho (OUR)] and South [Baiana, and IPR-Upira (UPI)] of Brazil in in vitro fermentation systems. The cultivars were evaluated for their chemical composition, and, then, two cultivars were selected (OUR and UPI) and subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion to assess the effects on probiotics Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium animalis growth, metabolic activity, and prebiotic activity scores. Finally, the impact of cassava cultivars on the fecal microbiota of celiac individuals was evaluated using the 16S rRNA gene. Cassava cultivars have variable amounts of fiber, resistant starch, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), organic acids, phenolic compounds, and sugars, with OUR and UPI cultivars standing out. OUR and UPI cultivars contributed to the increase in the proliferation rates of L. casei (0.04-0.19), L. acidophilus (0.34-0.27), and B. animalis (0.10-0.03), resulting in more significant effects than FOS, an established prebiotic compound. Also, the positive scores of prebiotic activities with probiotic strains indicate OUR and UPI's ability to stimulate beneficial bacteria while limiting enteric competitors selectively. In addition, OUR and UPI promoted increased relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae in the fecal microbiota of celiac individuals while decreased Lachnospirales, Bacteroidales, and Oscillospirales. The results show that cassava cultivars caused beneficial changes in the composition and metabolic activity of the human intestinal microbiota of celiacs. OUR and UPI cultivars from the Northeast and South of Brazil could be considered potential prebiotic ingredients for use in the formulation of functional foods and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ísis Meireles Mafaldo
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Lais Matias Araújo
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Cabral
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília-UnB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Melline Fontes Noronha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Marcos Dos Santos Lima
- Departament of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertao de Pernambuco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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10
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Sun Y, Liang J, Zhang Z, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Extraction, physicochemical properties, bioactivities and application of natural sweeteners: A review. Food Chem 2024; 457:140103. [PMID: 38905824 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Natural sweeteners generally refer to a sweet chemical component directly extracted from nature or obtained through appropriate modifications, mainly secondary metabolites of plants. Compared to the first-generation sweeteners represented by sucrose and the second-generation sweeteners represented by sodium cyclamate, natural sweeteners usually have high sweetness, low-calorie content, good solubility, high stability, and rarely toxic side effects. Historically, researchers mainly focus on the function of natural sweeteners as substitutes for sugars in the food industry. This paper reviews the bioactivities of several typical natural sweeteners, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-hyperglycemic activities. In addition, we have summarized the extraction, physicochemical properties, and application of natural sweeteners. The article aimed to comprehensively collate vital information about natural sweeteners and review the potentiality of tapping bioactive compounds from natural products. Hopefully, this review provides insights into the further development of natural sweeteners as therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhiruo Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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11
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Adler I, Kotta J, Robal M, Humayun S, Vene K, Tuvikene R. Valorization of Baltic Sea farmed blue mussels: Chemical profiling and prebiotic potential for nutraceutical and functional food development. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101736. [PMID: 39253010 PMCID: PMC11381619 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe eutrophication of the Baltic Sea requires mussel (Mytilus spp.) farming to remove nutrients, but farming in a low salinity environment results in smaller mussels that require value enhancement to be economically viable. This study evaluates the biomass valorisation of smaller Baltic mussels, focusing on the extraction of oil, protein and glycogen. It analyses the amino acid profiles, oil and fatty acid contents and glycogen levels of the mussels, as well as their prebiotic properties on beneficial gut bacteria. In addition, the study improves the extraction of bioactive compounds through enzymatic hydrolysis. Results indicate significant seasonal differences, with summer mussels having higher meat and lower ash content, and a rich content of essential fatty acids, particularly omega-3, and amino acids, underscoring the mussels' sustainability as a food source. The enzymatically treated biomass exhibited notable prebiotic activity, proposing health-promoting benefits. The study underscores the valorization of Baltic mussel biomass, highlighting its role in health, nutrition, and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Adler
- Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn University of Technology, Kopli 101, 11712 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jonne Kotta
- Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn University of Technology, Kopli 101, 11712 Tallinn, Estonia
- Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marju Robal
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Sanjida Humayun
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kristel Vene
- Tallinn University of Technology, School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
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12
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Chi X, Yang Q, Su Y, Zhang J, Sun B, Ai N. Improvement of rheological and sensory properties of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk by prebiotics. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101679. [PMID: 39170067 PMCID: PMC11338119 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The fermentation characteristics and aroma-producing properties of Lactobacilli could influence the flavour quality of fermented milk, an important influencing factor of consumers' preference. In this study, fermented milk was prepared using Lactobacillus helveticus and the dynamic changes in the sensory quality of fermented milk throught fermentation were to assess the dynamic changes in sensory quality of fermented milks throughout the fermentation process, including rheological properties and flavour profiles. Styrene, linalool, octanoic acid, and 1-nonanol were considered as the key flavour components during fermentation. The quality of the fermented milk tends to be stabilized after 24-h, showing the minimal off-flavour at 48-h and optimal fermented aroma at 72-h. Three prebiotics (inulin, Galactooligosaccharides and inulin mixed with Galactooligosaccharides) were added to Lactobacillus spiralis fermented milk separately, and the results showed that inulin mixed with Galactooligosaccharides was the most effective group in improving the organoleptic quality of the fermented milk. Overall, the experimental results provide deeper insights into the release and retention of aroma compounds during fermentation and scientific reference for broadening the application of prebiotics and flavour-producing Lactobacilli in fermented milk processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Chi
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qingyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yufang Su
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Nasi Ai
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
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13
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Flores Martinez KE, Bloszies CS, Bolino MJ, Henrick BM, Frese SA. Hemp hull fiber and two constituent compounds , N-trans-caffeoyltyramine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, shape the human gut microbiome in vitro. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101611. [PMID: 39113742 PMCID: PMC11304861 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports the potential of dietary bioactives to reduce chronic disease risk. N-trans-caffeoyltyramine (NCT) and N-trans-feruloyltyramine (NFT) have been hypothesized to drive regulation of gut permeability, but these components have not yet been studied in the context of the human gut microbiome. This work examined whether purified NCT and NFT, or a hemp hull product containing NCT and NFT (Brightseed® Bio Gut Fiber™), can impact the gut microbiome using an in vitro fermentation assay. Representative human gut microbiomes were treated with Bio Gut Fiber™ or NCT and NFT and compared to starch and methylcellulose, as controls, in vitro. Stronger changes were exerted by Bio Gut Fiber™, NCT, and NFT. Communities treated with Bio Gut Fiber™ saw increased productivity and diversity. We found a dose-dependent effect of NCT and NFT on microbial communities. Here, we describe novel potential for hemp-derived bioactives to shape the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew J. Bolino
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States
| | - Bethany M. Henrick
- Brightseed, Inc; South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Food Science & Technology; Lincoln, NE 68588, United States
| | - Steven A. Frese
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, United States
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine; Reno, NV 89557, United States
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14
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Yu X, Peng X, Liu F, Li Y, Yan J, Li L. Distinguishing α/β-linkages and linkage positions of disaccharides in galactooligosaccharides through mass fragmentation and liquid retention behaviour. Food Chem 2024; 456:139968. [PMID: 38861865 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are important prebiotics with function closely related to their structure. However, a comprehensive overview of the structure-function relationship is still limited due to the challenge in characterizing multiple isomers in GOS. This study presents a strategy of combining both hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) retention time and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation pattern to distinguish α/β-linkages and linkage positions of disaccharide isomers in GOS through HILIC-MS/MS analysis. The results indicated that the ratio of m/z 203.0524 to m/z 365.1054 could distinguish α/β-linkages, while the ratios of m/z 347.0947 to m/z 365.1054, m/z 245.0642 to m/z 365.1054 and HILIC retention time could distinguish (1 → 2), (1 → 3), (1 → 4) and (1 → 6) linkages. The above rules enabled effective characterization of disaccharides in GOS-containing food samples, including milk powder, rice flour, drink, yogurt. This method can be used in the quality control of GOS and future research on the structure-specific health effects of GOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Xueying Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Fengyuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Yuting Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Typical Food Precision Design, China National Light Industry Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation, School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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15
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Muñoz-Labrador A, Doyagüez EG, Azcarate S, Julio-Gonzalez C, Barile D, Moreno FJ, Hernandez-Hernandez O. Design Optimization of a Novel Catalytic Approach for Transglucosylated Isomaltooligosaccharides into Dietary Polyols Structures by Leuconostoc mesenteroides Dextransucrase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:21690-21701. [PMID: 39292642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Polyols, or sugar alcohols, are widely used in the industry as sweeteners and food formulation ingredients, aiming to combat the incidence of diet-related Non-Communicable Diseases. Given the attractive use of Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) enzymes in both academia and industry, this study reports on an optimized process to achieve polyols transglucosylation using a dextransucrase enzyme derived from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These enzyme modifications could lead to the creation of a new generation of glucosylated polyols with isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOS) structures, potentially offering added functionalities such as prebiotic effects. These reactions were guided by a design of experiment framework, aimed at maximizing the yields of potential new sweeteners. Under the optimized conditions, dextransucrase first cleared the glycosidic bond of sucrose, releasing fructose with the formation of an enzyme-glucosyl covalent intermediate complex. Then, the acceptor substrate (i.e., polyols) is bound to the enzyme-glucosyl intermediate, resulting in the transfer of glucosyl unit to the tested polyols. Structural insights into the reaction products were obtained through nuclear maneic resonance (NMR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) analyses, which revealed the presence of linear α(1 → 6) glycosidic linkages attached to the polyols, yielding oligosaccharide structures containing from 4 to 10 glucose residues. These new polyols-based oligosaccharides hold promise as innovative prebiotic sweeteners, potentially offering valuable health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñoz-Labrador
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa G Doyagüez
- Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora Tamayo" (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvana Azcarate
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 CABA (C1425FQB), 1033 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - F Javier Moreno
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oswaldo Hernandez-Hernandez
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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16
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Hutkins R, Walter J, Gibson GR, Bedu-Ferrari C, Scott K, Tancredi DJ, Wijeyesekera A, Sanders ME. Classifying compounds as prebiotics - scientific perspectives and recommendations. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00981-6. [PMID: 39358591 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Microbiomes provide key contributions to health and potentially important therapeutic targets. Conceived nearly 30 years ago, the prebiotic concept posits that targeted modulation of host microbial communities through the provision of selectively utilized growth substrates provides an effective approach to improving health. Although the basic tenets of this concept remain the same, it is timely to address certain challenges pertaining to prebiotics, including establishing that prebiotic-induced microbiota modulation causes the health outcome, determining which members within a complex microbial community directly utilize specific substrates in vivo and when those microbial effects sufficiently satisfy selectivity requirements, and clarification of the scientific principles on which the term 'prebiotic' is predicated to inspire proper use. In this Expert Recommendation, we provide a framework for the classification of compounds as prebiotics. We discuss ecological principles by which substrates modulate microbiomes and methodologies useful for characterizing such changes. We then propose statistical approaches that can be used to establish causal links between selective effects on the microbiome and health effects on the host, which can help address existing challenges. We use this information to provide the minimum criteria needed to classify compounds as prebiotics. Furthermore, communications to consumers and regulatory approaches to prebiotics worldwide are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glenn R Gibson
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Karen Scott
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Daniel J Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Mary Ellen Sanders
- International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, Centennial, CO, USA.
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17
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Shukla V, Singh S, Verma S, Verma S, Rizvi AA, Abbas M. Targeting the microbiome to improve human health with the approach of personalized medicine: Latest aspects and current updates. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:813-820. [PMID: 39178987 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
The intricate ecosystem of microorganisms residing within and on the human body, collectively known as the microbiome, significantly influences human health. Imbalances in this microbiome, referred to as dysbiosis, have been associated with various diseases, prompting the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. Personalized medicine, Tailors treatments to individual patient characteristics, offers a promising avenue for addressing microbiome-related health issues. This review highlights recent developments in utilizing personalized medicine to target the microbiome, aiming to enhance health outcomes. Noteworthy strategies include fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), where healthy donor microbes are transferred to patients, showing promise in treating conditions such as recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Additionally, probiotics, which are live microorganisms similar to beneficial gut inhabitants, and prebiotics, non-digestible compounds promoting microbial growth, are emerging as tools to restore microbiome balance. The integration of these approaches, known as synbiotics, enhances microbial colonization and therapeutic effects. Advances in metagenomics and sequencing technologies provide the means to understand individual microbiome profiles, enabling tailored interventions. This paper aims to present the latest insights in leveraging personalized medicine to address microbiome-related health concerns, envisioning a future where microbiome-based therapies reshape disease management and promote human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Shukla
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shrikant Verma
- Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushma Verma
- Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aliya Abbas Rizvi
- Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Abbas
- Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
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18
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Schlienger de Alba BN, Espinosa Andrews H. Benefits and Challenges of Encapsulating Bifidobacterium Probiotic Strains with Bifidogenic Prebiotics. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:1790-1800. [PMID: 38696093 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria offer remarkable health benefits when added to probiotic formulations, contributing to the burgeoning market driven by increased awareness among consumers and healthcare providers. However, several pivotal challenges must be crossed: strain selection, encapsulation wall materials, compatible food matrices, and the intricate interplay among these factors. An approach to address these challenges involves exploring bifidogenic substrates as potential encapsulation materials. This strategy has the potential to enhance bifidobacteria viability within the demanding gastrointestinal environment, extend shelf life, and promote synergistic interactions that promote bifidobacteria survival. Nonetheless, it is crucial to acknowledge that the relationship between bifidogenic substrates and bifidobacterial metabolism is complex and multifaceted. Consequently, despite the promising outlook, it is important to emphasize that this approach requires in-depth investigation, as the intricate interplay between these elements constitutes a rich area of ongoing research. This pursuit aims to ultimately deliver consumers a product that can genuinely improve their health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Nathalie Schlienger de Alba
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Food Technology, Camino Arenero #1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Mexico
| | - Hugo Espinosa Andrews
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Food Technology, Camino Arenero #1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), Mexico.
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19
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Lin Y, Dong Y, Li X, Cai J, Cai L, Zhang G. Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharide from lignocellulosic and marine biomass: A review of current progress, challenges, and its applications in food sectors. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134014. [PMID: 39047995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, xylooligosaccharides (XOS) have attracted great attentions because of their unique chemical properties and excellent prebiotic effects. Among the current strategies for XOS production, enzymatic hydrolysis is preferred due to its green and safe process, simplicity in equipment, and high control of the degrees of polymerization. This paper comprehensively summarizes various lignocellulosic biomass and marine biomass employed in enzymatic production of XOS. The importance and advantages of enzyme immobilization in XOS production are also discussed. Many novel immobilization techniques for xylanase are presented. In addition, bioinformatics techniques for the mining and designing of new xylanase are also described. Moreover, XOS has exhibited great potential applications in the food industry as diverse roles, such as a sugar replacer, a fat replacer, and cryoprotectant. This review systematically summarizes the current research progress on the applications of XOS in food sectors, including beverages, bakery products, dairy products, meat products, aquatic products, food packaging film, wall materials, and others. It is anticipated that this paper will act as a reference for the further development and application of XOS in food sectors and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Lin
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, Fujian, China
| | - Yuting Dong
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, Fujian, China; Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Jinzhong Cai
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, Fujian, China
| | - Lixi Cai
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China; College of Basic Medicine, Putian University, Putian 351100, Fujian, China.
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
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20
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Li S, Zhu S, Yu J. The role of gut microbiota and metabolites in cancer chemotherapy. J Adv Res 2024; 64:223-235. [PMID: 38013112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiota inhabits the epithelial surfaces of hosts, which influences physiological functions from helping digest food and acquiring nutrition to regulate metabolism and shaping host immunity. With the deep insight into the microbiota, an increasing amount of research reveals that it is also involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Intriguingly, gut microbiota can mediate the biotransformation of drugs, thereby altering their bioavailability, bioactivity, or toxicity. AIM OF REVIEW The review aims to elaborate on the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the efficacy and adverse effects of chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical potential of various ways to harness gut microbiota for cancer chemotherapy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Recent evidence shows that gut microbiota modulates the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy agents, leading to diverse host responses to chemotherapy. Thereinto, targeting the microbiota to improve efficacy and diminish the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs may be a promising strategy in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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21
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Van Hul M, Cani PD, Petitfils C, De Vos WM, Tilg H, El-Omar EM. What defines a healthy gut microbiome? Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-333378. [PMID: 39322314 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-333378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The understanding that changes in microbiome composition can influence chronic human diseases and the efficiency of therapies has driven efforts to develop microbiota-centred therapies such as first and next generation probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics, microbiota editing and faecal microbiota transplantation. Central to microbiome research is understanding how disease impacts microbiome composition and vice versa, yet there is a problematic issue with the term 'dysbiosis', which broadly links microbial imbalances to various chronic illnesses without precision or definition. Another significant issue in microbiome discussions is defining 'healthy individuals' to ascertain what characterises a healthy microbiome. This involves questioning who represents the healthiest segment of our population-whether it is those free from illnesses, athletes at peak performance, individuals living healthily through regular exercise and good nutrition or even elderly adults or centenarians who have been tested by time and achieved remarkable healthy longevity.This review advocates for delineating 'what defines a healthy microbiome?' by considering a broader range of factors related to human health and environmental influences on the microbiota. A healthy microbiome is undoubtedly linked to gut health. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to pinpoint a universally accepted definition of 'gut health' due to the complexities of measuring gut functionality besides the microbiota composition. We must take into account individual variabilities, the influence of diet, lifestyle, host and environmental factors. Moreover, the challenge in distinguishing causation from correlation between gut microbiome and overall health is presented.The review also highlights the resource-heavy nature of comprehensive gut health assessments, which hinders their practicality and broad application. Finally, we call for continued research and a nuanced approach to better understand the intricate and evolving concept of gut health, emphasising the need for more precise and inclusive definitions and methodologies in studying the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van Hul
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition research group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition research group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille Petitfils
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition research group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Willem M De Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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22
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Kuriki N, Asahi Y, Okamoto M, Noiri Y, Ebisu S, Machi H, Suzuki M, Hayashi M. Synergistic effects of arginine and fluoride on human dental biofilm control. J Dent 2024; 149:105307. [PMID: 39178800 PMCID: PMC11391429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to quantitatively and comprehensively investigate the combined effects of arginine and fluoride on the suppression of pathogenicity using an in situ biofilm model and next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS Using the in situ model, dental biofilms were formed and the viable bacterial counts and arginine activity in the arginine- and fluoride-containing dentifrice and control groups were measured. We also compared their effects on the bacterial microbiota and predictive functional factors in the control, arginine (arg), and arginine + fluoride (argF) groups using NGS analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control treatment, the use of 8 % arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste resulted in significantly high oral NH4+ concentrations without affecting the number of viable bacteria (P < 0.05). NGS analysis revealed that the oral microbiota of the control, arg, and argF groups were significantly different. Heat map analysis of the predicted functional factors revealed that the arg group had different properties from the other groups and activated specific substrate metabolic pathways; contrastingly, argF treatment inhibited the activity of these pathways and prevented an increase in the abundance of bacterial genera that utilize substrates such as sucrose, suggesting the synergistic effect of arginine and fluoride. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the combination of arginine and fluoride has a synergistic effect on the bacterial microbiota and pathogenicity of dental biofilms compared with arginine alone. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that the combination of arginine and fluoride could be used as an effective prebiotic and may inhibit the growth of bacteria associated with dental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Kuriki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan; Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| | - Yoko Asahi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoki Okamoto
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Ebisu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Machi
- Osaka University Dental Technology Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maiko Suzuki
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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23
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Vajdi M, Khorvash F, Askari G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial to test the effect of inulin supplementation on migraine headache characteristics, quality of life and mental health symptoms in women with migraine. Food Funct 2024; 15:10088-10098. [PMID: 39291634 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder characterized by recurrent headache attacks that are often accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to sound or light. Preventing migraine attacks is highly important. Recent research has indicated that alterations in gut microbiota may influence the underlying mechanisms of migraines. This study aimed to investigate the effects of inulin supplementation on migraine headache characteristics, quality of life (QOL), and mental health symptoms in women with migraines. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 80 women with migraines aged 20 to 50 years were randomly assigned to receive 10 g day-1 of inulin or a placebo supplement for 12 weeks. Severity, frequency, and duration of migraine attacks, as well as depression, anxiety, stress, QOL, and headache impact test (HIT-6) scores, were examined at the start of the study and after 12 weeks of intervention. In this study, the primary outcome focused on the frequency of headache attacks, while secondary outcomes encompassed the duration and severity of headache attacks, QOL, and mental health. There was a significant reduction in severity (-1.95 vs. -0.84, P = 0.004), duration (-6.95 vs. -2.05, P = 0.023), frequency (-2.09 vs. -0.37, P < 0.001), and HIT-6 score (-10.30 vs. -6.52, P < 0.023) in the inulin group compared with the control. Inulin supplementation improved mental health symptoms, including depression (-4.47 vs. -1.45, P < 0.001), anxiety (-4.37 vs. -0.70, P < 0.001), and stress (-4.40 vs. -1.50, P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding changes in QOL score. This study provides evidence supporting the beneficial effects of inulin supplement on migraine symptoms and mental health status in women with migraines. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (https://www.irct.ir) (ID: IRCT20121216011763N58).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Khorvash
- Neurology Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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24
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Lubis AR, Linh NV, Srinual O, Fontana CM, Tayyamath K, Wannavijit S, Ninyamasiri P, Uttarotai T, Tapingkae W, Phimolsiripol Y, Van Doan HV. Effects of passion fruit peel (Passiflora edulis) pectin and red yeast (Sporodiobolus pararoseus) cells on growth, immunity, intestinal morphology, gene expression, and gut microbiota in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Sci Rep 2024; 14:22704. [PMID: 39349558 PMCID: PMC11442623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effects of dietary supplementation with passion fruit peel pectin (Passiflora edulis) and red yeast cell walls (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) on growth performance, immunity, intestinal morphology, gene expression, and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nile tilapia with an initial body weight of approximately 15 ± 0.06 g were fed four isonitrogenous (29.09-29.94%), isolipidic (3.01-4.28%), and isoenergetic (4119-4214 Cal/g) diets containing 0 g kg-1 pectin or red yeast cell walls (T1 - Control), 10 g kg-1 pectin (T2), 10 g kg-1 red yeast (T3), and a combination of 10 g kg-1 pectin and 10 g kg-1 red yeast (T4) for 8 weeks. Growth rates and immune responses were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks, while histology, relative immune and antioxidant gene expression, and gut microbiota analysis were conducted after 8 weeks of feeding. The results showed that the combined supplementation (T4) significantly enhanced growth performance metrics, including final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio, particularly by week 8, compared to T1, T2, and T3 (P < 0.05). Immunological assessments revealed increased lysozyme and peroxidase activities in both skin mucus and serum, with the T4 group showing the most pronounced improvements. Additionally, antioxidant and immune-related gene expression, including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GSR), and interleukin-1 (IL1), were upregulated in the gut, while intestinal morphology exhibited improved villus height and width. Gut microbiota analysis indicated increased alpha and beta diversity, with a notable rise in beneficial phyla such as Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes in the supplemented groups. These findings suggest that the combined use of pectin and red yeast cell walls as prebiotics in aquaculture can enhance the health and growth of Nile tilapia, offering a promising alternative to traditional practices. Further research is needed to determine optimal dosages for maximizing these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Rilla Lubis
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Vu Linh
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Functional Feed Innovation Centre (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Orranee Srinual
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Camilla Maria Fontana
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Khambou Tayyamath
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Supreya Wannavijit
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Punika Ninyamasiri
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Toungporn Uttarotai
- Department of Highland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Hien V Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Functional Feed Innovation Centre (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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25
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Chen X, Chen X, Yan D, Zhang N, Fu W, Wu M, Ge F, Wang J, Li X, Geng M, Wang J, Tang D, Liu J. GV-971 prevents severe acute pancreatitis by remodeling the microbiota-metabolic-immune axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8278. [PMID: 39333064 PMCID: PMC11436807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains a lethal inflammation with limited treatment options. Here, we provide compelling evidence of GV-971 (sodium oligomannate), an anti-Alzheimer's medication, as being a protective agent in various male mouse SAP models. Microbiome sequencing, along with intestinal microbiota transplantation and mass cytometry technology, unveil that GV-971 reshapes the gut microbiota, increasing Faecalibacterium populations and modulating both peripheral and intestinal immune systems. A metabolomics analysis of cecal contents from GV-971-treated SAP mice further identifies short-chain fatty acids, including propionate and butyrate, as key metabolites in inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization and subsequent lethal inflammation by blocking the MAPK pathway. These findings suggest GV-971 as a promising therapeutic for SAP by targeting the microbiota metabolic immune axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ding Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Meixuan Wu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiangtuan Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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26
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Abou Diwan M, Djekkoun N, Boucau MC, Corona A, Dehouck L, Biendo M, Gosselet F, Bach V, Candela P, Khorsi-Cauet H. Maternal exposure to pesticides induces perturbations in the gut microbiota and blood-brain barrier of dams and the progeny, prevented by a prebiotic. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34969-1. [PMID: 39325129 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticide residues during the first 1000 days of life can disrupt body homeostasis and contribute to chronic metabolic diseases. Perinatal chlorpyrifos (CPF) exposure alters gut microbiota (GM) balance, potentially affecting offspring's health. Given the GM influence on brain function, the primary aim is to determine if pesticide-induced dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) affects indirectly other organs, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The secondary objective is to evaluate the prebiotics protective effects, particularly inulin in promoting microbial balance (symbiosis), in both mothers and offspring. A total of 15 or more female rats were divided in 4 groups: control, oral CPF-exposed (1 mg/kg/day), exposed to inulin (10 g/L), and co-exposed to CPF and inulin from pre-gestation until weaning of pups. Samples from intestines, spleen, liver, and brain microvessels underwent microbiological and biomolecular analyses. Bacterial culture assessed GM composition of living bacteria and their translocation to non-intestinal organs. RT qPCR and Western blotting detected gene expression and protein levels of tight junction markers in brain microvessels. CPF exposure caused gut dysbiosis in offspring, with decreased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and increased Escherichia coli (p < 0.01) leading to bacterial translocation to the spleen and liver. CPF also decreased tight junction's gene expression levels (50 to 60% decrease of CLDN3, p < 0.05). In contrast, inulin partially mitigated these adverse effects and restored gene expression to control levels. Our findings demonstrate a causal link between GM alterations and BBB integrity disruptions. The protective effects of inulin suggest potential therapeutic strategies to counteract pesticide-induced dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abou Diwan
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France
- Laboratoire de La Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, University of Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Narimane Djekkoun
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boucau
- Laboratoire de La Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, University of Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Aurélie Corona
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Lucie Dehouck
- Laboratoire de La Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, University of Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Maurice Biendo
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de La Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, University of Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Pietra Candela
- Laboratoire de La Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, University of Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Hafida Khorsi-Cauet
- PERITOX-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01 UPJV/INERIS, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardie Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054, Amiens, France.
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27
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van Trijp MPH, Rios-Morales M, Logtenberg MJ, Keshtkar S, Afman LA, Witteman B, Bakker B, Reijngoud DJ, Schols H, Hooiveld GJEJ. Detailed Analysis of Prebiotic Fructo- and Galacto-Oligosaccharides in the Human Small Intestine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:21152-21165. [PMID: 39282870 PMCID: PMC11440495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are food ingredients that improve human health, but their degradation throughout the human small intestine is not well understood. We studied the breakdown kinetics of FOS and GOS in the intestines of seven healthy Dutch adults. Subjects were equipped with a catheter in the distal ileum or proximal colon and consumed 5 g of chicory-derived FOS (degree of polymerization (DP) DP2-10), and 5 g of GOS (DP2-6). Postprandially, intestinal content was frequently collected until 350 min and analyzed for mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. FOS and GOS had recoveries of 96 ± 25% and 76 ± 28%, respectively. FOS DP ≥ 2 and GOS DP ≥ 3 abundances in the distal small intestine or proximal colon matched the consumed doses, while GOS dimers (DP2) had lower recoveries, namely 22.8 ± 11.1% for β-D-gal-(1↔1)-α-D-glc+β-D-gal-(1↔1)-β-D-glc, 19.3 ± 19.1% for β-D-gal-(1 → 2)-D-glc+β-D-gal-(1 → 3)-D-glc, 43.7 ± 24.6% for β-D-gal-(1 → 6)-D-gal, and 68.0 ± 38.5% for β-D-gal-(1 → 4)-D-gal. Lactose was still present in the distal small intestine of all of the participants. To conclude, FOS DP ≥ 2 and GOS DP ≥ 3 were not degraded in the small intestine of healthy adults, while most prebiotic GOS DP2 was hydrolyzed in a structure-dependent manner. We provide evidence on the resistances of GOS with specific β-linkages in the human intestine, supporting the development of GOS prebiotics that resist small intestine digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara P H van Trijp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Melany Rios-Morales
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon J Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Shohreh Keshtkar
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia A Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Witteman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Gelderland 6716 RP Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Bakker
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Reijngoud
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J E J Hooiveld
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
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Noor S, Ali S, Summer M, Riaz A, Nazakat L, Aqsa. Therapeutic Role of Probiotics Against Environmental-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Perspectives, Limitations, and Future. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10365-6. [PMID: 39316257 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is one of the biggest health challenges, particularly in the context of liver diseases, often aggravated by gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gut-liver axis has been regarded as a key idea in liver health. It indicates that changes in gut flora caused by various hepatotoxicants, including alcoholism, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, and thioacetamide, can affect the balance of the gut's microflora, which may lead to increased dysbiosis and intestinal permeability. As a result, bacterial endotoxins would eventually enter the bloodstream and liver, causing hepatotoxicity and inducing inflammatory reactions. Many treatments, including liver transplantation and modern drugs, can be used to address these issues. However, because of the many side effects of these approaches, scientists and medical experts are still hoping for a therapeutic approach with fewer side effects and more positive results. Thus, probiotics have become well-known as an adjunctive strategy for managing, preventing, or reducing hepatotoxicity in treating liver injury. By altering the gut microbiota, probiotics offer a secure, non-invasive, and economical way to improve liver health in the treatment of hepatotoxicity. Through various mechanisms such as regulation of gut microbiota, reduction of pathogenic overgrowth, suppression of inflammatory mediators, modification of hepatic lipid metabolism, improvement in the performance of the epithelial barrier of the gut, antioxidative effects, and modulation of mucosal immunity, probiotics play their role in the treatment and prevention of hepatotoxicity. This review highlights the mechanistic effects of probiotics in environmental toxicants-induced hepatotoxicity and current findings on this therapeutic approach's experimental and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehzeen Noor
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anfah Riaz
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Nazakat
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Haghshenas L, Banihashemi S, Malekzadegan Y, Catanzaro R, Moghadam Ahmadi A, Marotta F. Microbiome as an endocrine organ and its relationship with eye diseases: Effective factors and new targeted approaches. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2024; 15:96446. [PMID: 39355345 PMCID: PMC11440246 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v15.i5.96446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiome is an endocrine organ that refers to both the complicated biological system of microbial species that colonize our bodies and their genomes and surroundings. Recent studies confirm the connection between the microbiome and eye diseases, which are involved in the pathogenesis of eye diseases, including age-related macular disorders, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, dry eye, and uveitis. The aim of this review is to investigate the microbiome in relation to eye health. First, a brief introduction of the characteristics of the gut microorganisms terms of composition and work, the role of dysbiosis, the gut microbiome and the eye microbiome in the progression of eye illnesses are highlighted, then the relationship among the microbiome and the function of the immune system and eye diseases, the role of inflammation and aging and the immune system, It has been reviewed and finally, the control and treatment goals of microbiome and eye diseases, the role of food factors and supplements, biotherapy and antibiotics in relation to microbiome and eye health have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Haghshenas
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Sara Banihashemi
- Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trend University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yalda Malekzadegan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh 3919676651, Iran
| | - Roberto Catanzaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Amir Moghadam Ahmadi
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Francesco Marotta
- Department of Human Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Women University, Milano 20154, Italy
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30
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Kerstens R, Ng YZ, Pettersson S, Jayaraman A. Balancing the Oral-Gut-Brain Axis with Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:3206. [PMID: 39339804 PMCID: PMC11435118 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The oral microbiota is the second largest microbial community in humans. It contributes considerably to microbial diversity and health effects, much like the gut microbiota. Despite physical and chemical barriers separating the oral cavity from the gastrointestinal tract, bidirectional microbial transmission occurs between the two regions, influencing overall host health. Method: This review explores the intricate interplay of the oral-gut-brain axis, highlighting the pivotal role of the oral microbiota in systemic health and ageing, and how it can be influenced by diet. Results: Recent research suggests a relationship between oral diseases, such as periodontitis, and gastrointestinal problems, highlighting the broader significance of the oral-gut axis in systemic diseases, as well as the oral-gut-brain axis in neurological disorders and mental health. Diet influences microbial diversity in the oral cavity and the gut. While certain diets/dietary components improve both gut and oral health, others, such as fermentable carbohydrates, can promote oral pathogens while boosting gut health. Conclusions: Understanding these dynamics is key for promoting a healthy oral-gut-brain axis through dietary interventions that support microbial diversity and mitigate age-related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kerstens
- ASEAN Microbiome Nutrition Centre, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Yong Zhi Ng
- ASEAN Microbiome Nutrition Centre, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd., Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sven Pettersson
- ASEAN Microbiome Nutrition Centre, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Anusha Jayaraman
- ASEAN Microbiome Nutrition Centre, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
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Tîrziu AT, Susan M, Susan R, Sonia T, Harich OO, Tudora A, Varga NI, Tiberiu-Liviu D, Avram CR, Boru C, Munteanu M, Horhat FG. From Gut to Eye: Exploring the Role of Microbiome Imbalance in Ocular Diseases. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5611. [PMID: 39337098 PMCID: PMC11432523 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, and recent research has highlighted its potential impact on ocular health through the gut-eye axis. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has been implicated in various ocular diseases. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using relevant keywords in major electronic databases, prioritizing recent peer-reviewed articles published in English. Results: The gut microbiota influences ocular health through immune modulation, maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier, and production of beneficial metabolites. Dysbiosis can disrupt these mechanisms, contributing to ocular inflammation, tissue damage, and disease progression in conditions such as uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye disease, and glaucoma. Therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiome through probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation shows promise in preclinical and preliminary human studies. Conclusions: The gut-eye axis represents a dynamic and complex interplay between the gut microbiome and ocular health. Targeting the gut microbiome through innovative therapeutic strategies holds potential for improving the prevention and management of various ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Talida Tîrziu
- Department of General Medicine, Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Susan
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Susan
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tanasescu Sonia
- Department of Pediatrics, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Oana Harich
- Department of Functional Sciences, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Tudora
- Multidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Strada Liviu Rebreanu 86, 310419 Arad, Romania
| | - Norberth-Istvan Varga
- Department of General Medicine, Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragomir Tiberiu-Liviu
- Medical Semiology II Discipline, Internal Medicine Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cecilia Roberta Avram
- Department of Residential Training and Post-University Courses, "Vasile Goldis" Western University, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Casiana Boru
- Department of Medicine, "Vasile Goldis" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Mihnea Munteanu
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florin George Horhat
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance (MULTI-REZ), Microbiology Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Reimer RA, Theis S, Zanzer YC. The effects of chicory inulin-type fructans supplementation on weight management outcomes: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00751-2. [PMID: 39313030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess body weight and adiposity can adversely affect metabolic health. Prebiotics such as inulin-type fructans (ITF) from chicory root are known to modulate gut microbiota and may improve body weight regulation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess evidence for chicory ITF supplementation to support weight management. METHODS Eligible articles (initial search to 2021, updated to February 2023) were searched from EMBASE, MEDLINE (PubMed), and Cochrane Library. Data on primary (body weight) and secondary outcomes [body mass index (BMI), total fat mass, body fat percentage and waist circumference] were extracted by two reviewers independently. Random-effects model using inverse variance method was utilized. Subgroup analysis (health status, ITF-type) and meta-regression (dose and duration) were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 32 eligible studies were included. Chicory ITF significantly reduced body weight [mean difference (MD) -0.97 kg, 95% confidence interval (95% CI: -1.34, -0.59); n = 1184] compared with placebo. ITF favored overall effects reduction in BMI (MD: -0.39 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.20; n = 985), fat mass (MD: -0.37 kg; 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.13; n = 397), waist circumference (MD: -1.03 cm; 95% CI: -1.69 to -0.37; n = 604), and for intervention duration >8 wk, body fat percentage (MD: -0.78%; 95% CI: -1.17 to -0.39; n = 488). Except for considerable heterogeneity in body weight (I2 = 73%) and body fat percentage (I2 = 75%), all other outcomes had negligible to moderate heterogeneity. Significant reduction in body weight, BMI and waist circumference was evident irrespective of participants' health status. There was minimal evidence that dose, duration, or type of ITF influenced the magnitude of reductions in outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Chicory ITF supplementation may benefit weight management by reducing body weight, BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, and to a certain extent body fat percentage. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020184908.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3300 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Heritage Medical Research Building, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Stephan Theis
- BENEO Institute c/o BENEO GmbH, Wormser Str. 11, 67283 Obrigheim/Pfalz, Germany
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Amar Y, Grube J, Köberle M, Schaubeck M, Biedermann T, Volz T. Bifidobacterium breve DSM 32583 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 postbiotics attenuate S. aureus and IL-33-induced Th2 responses. Microbiol Res 2024; 289:127913. [PMID: 39316930 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the prevalence of allergic diseases noticeably increased in industrialized countries. The Th2 immune response plays a central role in these pathologies and its modulation using pro-/postbiotics constitutes a promising approach to prevent or alleviate disease symptoms. The aim of this in vitro study, was to investigate the ability of human milk-derived Bifidobacterium breve DSM 32583 (Bb) and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (Lf), to modulate the Th2 induced responses. To this end, Th2 cells were generated by co-culturing of human naïve Th cells with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) either stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus or IL-33. The immunomodulatory effects of pro-/postbiotic preparations of Bb and Lf on moDCs and Th2 cells were evaluated in terms of maturation markers expression and cytokines production. Remarkably, the tested strains induced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in moDCs, in a strain-, dose- and viability-dependent manner with no significant upregulation of IL-12p70 nor CD83, CD86 or HLA-DR. Interestingly, Bb and Lf postbiotics were able to dampen the Th2/Th1 response induced upon S. aureus- or IL-33 stimulation. They were also able to synergistically induce IL-10 in moDCs and T cells, upon co-stimulation with LPS. Finally, we observed that live probiotics triggered a mild Th1 response that was attenuated in the presence of galacto-oligosaccharides. Altogether, Bb and Lf pro-/postbiotics exhibited remarkable immune regulatory effects on both moDCs and Th2 cells. Therefore, further in vivo studies should be considered to validate these findings and assess their ability to prevent allergy or alleviate its symptoms in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Amar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany.
| | - Jana Grube
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Pfaffenhofen (Ilm) 85276, Germany
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
| | | | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Thomas Volz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
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Sudaarsan ASK, Ghosh AR. Appraisal of postbiotics in cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1436021. [PMID: 39372197 PMCID: PMC11449718 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1436021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a multifactorial disease with an increased mortality rate around the world for the past several decades. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, lower survival rates, drug-associated side effects, and drug resistance create a need for novel anticancer agents. Ample evidence shows that imbalances in the gut microbiota are associated with the formation of cancer and its progression. Altering the gut microbiota via probiotics and their metabolites has gained attention among the research community as an alternative therapy to treat cancer. Probiotics exhibit health benefits as well as modulate the immunological and cellular responses in the host. Apart from probiotics, their secreted products like bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides, short-chain fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid, peptidoglycan, and other metabolites are found to possess anticancer activity. The beneficiary role of these postbiotic compounds is widely studied for characterizing their mechanism and mode of action that reduces cancer growth. The present review mainly focuses on the postbiotic components that are employed against cancer with their reported mechanism of action. It also describes recent research works carried out so far with specific strain and anticancer activity of derived compounds both in vitro and in vivo, validating that the probiotic approach would pave an alternative way to reduce the burden of cancer.
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35
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Nekrasov E, Vita AA, Bradley R, Contractor N, Gunaratne NM, Kuehn M, Kitisin R, Patel D, Woods E, Zhou B. Changes in Digestive Health, Satiety and Overall Well-Being after 14 Days of a Multi-Functional GI Primer Supplement. Nutrients 2024; 16:3173. [PMID: 39339773 PMCID: PMC11434699 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent review proposed a role for multi-functional food or supplement products in priming the gut to support both digestive and systemic health. Accordingly, we designed and eva-luated the effect of a multi-functional gastrointestinal (GI) primer supplement on participant-reported measures for digestive health, quality-of-life (e.g., energy/vitality and general health), and reasons for satiation (e.g., attitudes towards food and eating). In this single-arm clinical trial, 68 participants with mild digestive symptoms consumed the GI primer supplement daily for 14 days. Digestive symptoms were evaluated daily from baseline (Day 0) through Day 14. At baseline and Day 14, participants reported their stool consistency, reasons for satiation, and quality-of-life measures using validated questionnaires. At Day 14, participants reported significant improvements in all (13/13) digestive symptom parameters (p-values < 0.05) and an increase in % of stools with normal consistencies. There were significant improvements (p-values < 0.05) in energy/vitality and general health, and in specific attitudes towards food and eating (e.g., physical satisfaction, planned amount, decreased eating priority, decreased food appeal, and self-consciousness). Results suggest the GI primer supplement promotes digestive health, improves quality of life, and impacts attitudes towards food/eating. This study provides preliminary support for the gut priming hypothesis through which multi-functional digestive products may improve GI health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Adorno Vita
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Amway Innovation and Science, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Marissa Kuehn
- Amway Innovation and Science, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA
| | - Rick Kitisin
- Amway Innovation and Science, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA
| | - Deval Patel
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI 49355, USA
| | - Erin Woods
- Amway Innovation and Science, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Amway Innovation and Science, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA
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Guan Y, Cui Y, Qu X, Li B, Zhang L. Post-acidification of fermented milk and its molecular regulatory mechanism. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 426:110920. [PMID: 39316924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The fermented milk products with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely accepted by consumers. During the chilled-chain transportation and storage, LAB in the product keep producing lactic acid, and this will lead to post-acidification, which can affect the flavor, consumer acceptance and even shelf-life of the product. LAB is the determining factor affecting post-acidification. The acid production pathway in LAB and methods inhibiting post-acidification received widespread attention. This review will focus on the post-acidification from the perspective of fermentation starters, including acid production pathway in LAB, main factors and key enzymes affecting post-acidification. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is a key bacterial species responsible for post acidification in the fermented milk products. The different species and strains presented various differences in process like acid production, acid resistance and post-acidification. Furthermore, multiple factors, such as milk composition, fermentation temperature, and homogenization, also can influence post-acidification. Lactose transport and utilization pathways, as well as its subsequent products metabolic pathway directly influence the post-acidification. F0F1-ATPase, β-galactosidase, and lactate dehydrogenase are recognized as important enzymes related to post-acidification. The degree of post-acidification is mainly related to the acid production and acid resistance abilities of the fermentation starters, so the key enzymes related to post-acidification are mostly taking part in these two capacities. Recently, some new post-acidification related biomarker genes were found, providing a reference adjusting post-acidification without affecting fermentation rate and bacteria viability. To clarify the post-acidification mechanism at the molecular level will help control post- acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Guan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yanhua Cui
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xiaojun Qu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Baolei Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Patel BK, Patel KH, Lee CN, Moochhala S. Intestinal Microbiota Interventions to Enhance Athletic Performance-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10076. [PMID: 39337561 PMCID: PMC11432184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an uptick in research highlighting the gut microbiota's role as a primary determinant of athletes' health, which has piqued interest in the hypothesis that it correlates with athletes' physical performance. Athletes' physical performances could be impacted by the metabolic activity of the assortment of microbes found in their gut. Intestinal microbiota impacts multiple facets of an athlete's physiology, including immune response, gut membrane integrity, macro- and micronutrient absorption, muscle endurance, and the gut-brain axis. Several physiological variables govern the gut microbiota; hence, an intricately tailored and complex framework must be implemented to comprehend the performance-microbiota interaction. Emerging evidence underscores the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and physical fitness, revealing that athletes who engage in regular physical activity exhibit a richer diversity of gut microbes, particularly within the Firmicutes phylum, e.g., Ruminococcaceae genera, compared to their sedentary counterparts. In elite sport, it is challenging to implement an unconventional strategy whilst simultaneously aiding an athlete to accomplish feasible, balanced development. This review compiles the research on the effects of gut microbiota modulation on performance in sports and illustrates how different supplementation strategies for gut microbiota have the ability to improve athletic performance by enhancing physical capacities. In addition to promoting athletes' overall health, this study evaluates the existing literature in an effort to shed light on how interventions involving the gut microbiota can dramatically improve performance on the field. The findings should inform both theoretical and practical developments in the fields of sports nutrition and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Kadamb Patel
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Level 8, NUHS Tower Block, Singapore 119278, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
| | - Kadamb Haribhai Patel
- Temasek Polytechnic, School of Applied Sciences, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757, Singapore;
| | - Chuen Neng Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Level 8, NUHS Tower Block, Singapore 119278, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
| | - Shabbir Moochhala
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Level 8, NUHS Tower Block, Singapore 119278, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Block MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117600, Singapore
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Wang H, Bai J, Miao P, Wei Y, Chen X, Lan H, Qing Y, Zhao M, Li Y, Tang R, Yang X. The key to intestinal health: a review and perspective on food additives. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1420358. [PMID: 39360286 PMCID: PMC11444971 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1420358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we explore the effects of food additives on intestinal health. Food additives, such as preservatives, antioxidants and colorants, are widely used to improve food quality and extend shelf life. However, their effects on intestinal microecology May pose health risks. Starting from the basic functions of food additives and the importance of intestinal microecology, we analyze in detail how additives affect the diversity of intestinal flora, oxidative stress and immune responses. Additionally, we examine the association between food additives and intestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, and how the timing, dosage, and individual differences affect the body's response to additives. We also assess the safety and regulatory policies of food additives and explore the potential of natural additives. Finally, we propose future research directions, emphasizing the refinement of risk assessment methods and the creation of safer, innovative additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wang
- The School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Junyi Bai
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengyu Miao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Haibo Lan
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Qing
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meizhu Zhao
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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39
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Montagano F, Dell'Orco F, Prete R, Corsetti A. Health benefits of fermented olives, olive pomace and their polyphenols: a focus on the role of lactic acid bacteria. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1467724. [PMID: 39360269 PMCID: PMC11444980 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1467724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods have regained popularity in Western diets for their health-promoting potential, mainly related to the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) during the fermentation process. Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for vegetable-based fermented foods, representing an environmentally sustainable options to overcome the limitations of lactose intolerance, vegetarian, or cholesterol-restricted diets. Among them, table olives and their co-products (i.e., olive pomace) represent important plant-origin matrices, whose exploitation is still limited. Olives are an important source of fiber and bioactive molecules such as phenolic compounds with recognized health-promoting effects. Based on that, this minireview offer a brief overview about the potential beneficial role of fermented table olives/olive pomace, with a particular focus on the role of LAB to obtain healthy and/or probiotic-enriched fermented foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Montagano
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Dell'Orco
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Roberta Prete
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Aldo Corsetti
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Ye Z, Yu S, Yang Y, Li S, Li S, Ma R, Fu W, Li X, Luo D. Association of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or yogurt supplement with prevalence and all-cause mortality of depression: NHANES 2005-2016. J Affect Disord 2024; 368:547-554. [PMID: 39299595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of studies revealed that enteric dysbacteriosis could result in depression via the "gut-microbiota-brain axis" (GMBA). Whether probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics supplements could lessen the risk of depression is a topic attracting attention. This research was conducted to evaluate the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, or yogurt supplements and depression with large cross-sectional data. METHODS All data in our research was sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2016). Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and yogurt supplements were identified using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Dietary Supplement Use 30-Day (DSQ). We employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for evaluating depression. Logistic regression and the Kaplan-Meier curve were performed to examine the correlation between the supplements and depression, as well as mortality. RESULTS A total of 17,745 adult participants were selected. The participants who supplemented probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, or yogurt products in the last 30 days showed a significantly lower depression rate compared with those who didn't. Specifically, the supplements could alleviate depressive symptoms including sad, anhedonia, sleep problems, fatigue, appetite changes, and psychomotor changes. This association was more prominent in specific populations such as the population aged 40-60 years, male, whites. The supplements also show more significant effects on increasing survival rates in patients with mild depression. LIMITATION Cross-sectional analysis reveals correlative but not causative association. CONCLUSION Based on the analysis of NHANES data, our research highlights the positive effect the supplements have on preventing depression, relieving depressive symptoms and increasing survival rates. This effect varied across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Ye
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shiyao Yu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yunxiang Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rui Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiangguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ding Luo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Nulens K, Papy E, Tartaglia K, Dehaene I, Logghe H, Van Keirsbilck J, Chantraine F, Masson V, Simoens E, Gysemans W, Bruckers L, Lebeer S, Allonsius CN, Oerlemans E, Steensels D, Reynders M, Timmerman D, Devlieger R, Van Holsbeke C. Synbiotics in patients at risk for spontaneous preterm birth: protocol for a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial (PRIORI). Trials 2024; 25:615. [PMID: 39289685 PMCID: PMC11406859 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prematurity remains one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately two thirds of preterm births are spontaneous, i.e. secondary to preterm labour, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) or cervical insufficiency. Etiologically, the vaginal microbiome plays an important role in spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Vaginal dysbiosis and bacterial vaginosis are well-known risk factors for ascending lower genital tract infections and sPTB, while a Lactobacillus crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiome is associated with term deliveries. Synbiotics may help to achieve and/or maintain a normal, Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiome. METHODS We will perform a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Women aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy are eligible for inclusion at 80/7-106/7 weeks gestational age if they have one or more of the following risk factors for sPTB: previous sPTB at 240/7-356/7 weeks, prior PPROM before 360/7 weeks, or spontaneous pregnancy loss at 140/7-236/7 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria are multiple gestation, cervix conisation, inflammatory bowel disease, uterine anomaly, and the use of pro-/pre-/synbiotics. Patients will be randomised to oral synbiotics or placebo, starting before 11 weeks of gestation until delivery. The oral synbiotic consists of eight Lactobacillus species (including L. crispatus) and prebiotics. The primary outcome is the gestational age at delivery. Vaginal microbiome analysis once per trimester (at approximately 9, 20, and 30 weeks) and delivery will be performed using metataxonomic sequencing (16S rRNA gene) and microbial culture. Secondary outcomes include PPROM, the use of antibiotics, antenatal admission information, and neonatal outcomes. DISCUSSION This study will evaluate the effect of oral synbiotics on the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy in a high-risk population and correlate the microbial changes with the gestational age at delivery and relevant pregnancy outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05966649. Registered on April 5, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Nulens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium.
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KULeuven, Cluster Woman and Child, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Els Papy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | | | - Isabelle Dehaene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Logghe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Sint-Lucas, Bruges, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Chantraine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hopital Citadelle, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Veronique Masson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hopital Citadelle, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eva Simoens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Willem Gysemans
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Bruckers
- Data Science Institute, I-Biostat, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline Oerlemans
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Deborah Steensels
- Department of Microbiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Dirk Timmerman
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KULeuven, Cluster Woman and Child, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KULeuven, Cluster Woman and Child, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Van Holsbeke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Sint-Lucas, Bruges, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium
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42
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Cheng L, Wang F, Guo Y, Du Q, Zeng X, Wu Z, Guo Y, Tu M, Pan D. Potential prebiotic properties and proliferation mechanism of fermented milk-derived polypeptides. Food Chem 2024; 463:141335. [PMID: 39316909 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential prebiotic properties and proliferation mechanism of fermented milk-derived peptides. In this study, fermented milk-derived polypeptides were obtained by extraction, separation, and purification. The purified peptides were used to culture fecal flora in vitro, and the relative abundance and composition of the flora were analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology. The results showed that peptides can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria Lactococcus in the intestine and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria Escherichia coli-Shigella. The amino acid sequence of polypeptide components was determined and synthesized in vitro to verify the proliferation of intestinal flora; the proliferation mechanism of peptides on Lactococcus lactis was studied using non-targeted LC-MS metabolomics technology. Five important peptides with molecular weights of 1000-2000 Da were identified by LC-MS: GRP1 (LTEEEK), GRP2 (ENDAPSPVM*K), GRP3 (ITVDDK), GRP4 (EAM*APK) and GRP5 (LPPPEK). The results showed that the peptides could affect the arginine biosynthesis pathway and the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism of Lactococcus lactis. In addition, the peptides increased the expression of organic acids and their derivatives in Lactococcus lactis. This study provides a research basis for expanding the potential sources of new prebiotics and also opens up a new idea for discovering new prebiotics in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuqiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Qiwei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Maolin Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China; Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo 315800, China
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Wang X, Ma Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Jiang W, Fang X, Wang L. Preparation of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 microencapsulated-lactulose synbiotic and its effect on equol production. Food Funct 2024; 15:9471-9487. [PMID: 39193624 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02690j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Equol is a highly active product of soy isoflavones produced by specific bacteria in the human or animal colon. However, equol production is influenced by differences in the gut flora carried by the body. Our previous research has shown that a synbiotic preparation comprising the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 and the prebiotic lactulose can enhance equol production by modulating the intestinal flora. Nevertheless, the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract limits this capability by diminishing the number of probiotics reaching the colon. Microencapsulation of probiotics is an effective strategy to enhance their viability. In this study, probiotic gel microspheres (SA-S-CS) were prepared using an extrusion method, with sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS) serving as the encapsulating materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the surface morphology and the internal distribution of bacteria within the microcapsules. The structural characteristics of the microcapsules were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the thermal stability, storage stability, probiotic viability post-simulated gastrointestinal fluid treatment, and colon release rate were examined. Finally, the impact of probiotic microencapsulation on promoting equol production by the synbiotic preparation was assessed. The results indicated that the microcapsules exhibited a spherical structure with bacteria evenly distributed on the inner surface. Studies on thermal and storage stability showed that the number of viable cells in the probiotic microcapsule group significantly increased compared to the free probiotic group. Gastrointestinal tolerance studies revealed that after in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the amount of viable cells in the microcapsules was 7 log10 CFU g-1, demonstrating good gastrointestinal tolerance. Moreover, after incubation in simulated colonic fluid for 150 min, the release rate of probiotics reached 93.13%. This suggests that chitosan-coated sodium alginate microcapsules can shield Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 from the gastrointestinal environment, offering a novel model for synbiotic preparation to enhance equol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yuhao Ma
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yingqing Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jiuyan Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Weiliang Jiang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Xiang Fang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Golowczyc M, Gomez-Zavaglia A. Food Additives Derived from Fruits and Vegetables for Sustainable Animal Production and Their Impact in Latin America: An Alternative to the Use of Antibiotics. Foods 2024; 13:2921. [PMID: 39335850 PMCID: PMC11431016 DOI: 10.3390/foods13182921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The production of healthy animal-derived food entails the effective control of foodborne pathogens and strategies to mitigate microbial threats during rearing. Antibiotics have been traditionally employed in animal farming to manage bacterial infections. However, the prohibition of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock farming has brought significant changes in animal production practices. Although antibiotics are now restricted to treating and preventing bacterial infections, their overuse has caused serious public health issues, including antibiotic resistance and the presence of antibiotic residues in food and wastewater. Therefore, sustainable animal production is crucial in reducing the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Annually, 40-50% of fruit and vegetable production is discarded worldwide. These discards present significant potential for extracting value-added ingredients, which can reduce costs, decrease waste, and enhance the food economy. This review highlights the negative impacts of antibiotic use in livestock farming and stresses the importance of analyzing the challenges and safety concerns of extracting value-added ingredients from fruit and vegetable co-products at an industrial scale. It also explores the current trends in reducing antibiotic use in livestock, with a focus on Latin American contexts. Finally, the suitability of using value-added ingredients derived from fruit and vegetable co-products for animal feeds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA), CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata RA1900, Argentina;
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45
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Deyaert S, Poppe J, Dai Vu L, Baudot A, Bubeck S, Bayne T, Krishnan K, Giusto M, Moltz S, Van den Abbeele P. Functional Muffins Exert Bifidogenic Effects along with Highly Product-Specific Effects on the Human Gut Microbiota Ex Vivo. Metabolites 2024; 14:497. [PMID: 39330504 PMCID: PMC11433953 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
GoodBiome™ Foods are functional foods containing a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis HU58™) and prebiotics (mainly inulin). Their effects on the human gut microbiota were assessed using ex vivo SIFR® technology, which has been validated to provide clinically predictive insights. GoodBiome™ Foods (BBM/LCM/OSM) were subjected to oral, gastric, and small intestinal digestion/absorption, after which their impact on the gut microbiome of four adults was assessed (n = 3). All GoodBiome™ Foods boosted health-related SCFA acetate (+13.1/14.1/13.8 mM for BBM/LCM/OSM), propionate (particularly OSM; +7.4/7.5/8.9 mM for BBM/LCM/OSM) and butyrate (particularly BBM; +2.6/2.1/1.4 mM for BBM/LCM/OSM). This is related to the increase in Bifidobacterium species (B. catenulatum, B. adolescentis, B. pseudocatenulatum), Coprococcus catus and Bacteroidetes members (Bacteroides caccae, Phocaeicola dorei, P. massiliensis), likely mediated via inulin. Further, the potent propionogenic potential of OSM related to increased Bacteroidetes members known to ferment oats (s key ingredient of OSM), while the butyrogenic potential of BBM related to a specific increase in Anaerobutyricum hallii, a butyrate producer specialized in the fermentation of erythritol (key ingredient of BBM). In addition, OSM/BBM suppressed the pathogen Clostridioides difficile, potentially due to inclusion of HU58™ in GoodBiome™ Foods. Finally, all products enhanced a spectrum of metabolites well beyond SCFA, including vitamins (B3/B6), essential amino acids, and health-related metabolites such as indole-3-propionic acid. Overall, the addition of specific ingredients to complex foods was shown to specifically modulate the gut microbiome, potentially contributing to health benefits. Noticeably, our findings contradict a recent in vitro study, underscoring the critical role of employing a physiologically relevant digestion/absorption procedure for a more accurate evaluation of the microbiome-modulating potential of complex foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stef Deyaert
- Cryptobiotix, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.)
| | - Jonas Poppe
- Cryptobiotix, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.)
| | - Lam Dai Vu
- Cryptobiotix, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.)
| | - Aurélien Baudot
- Cryptobiotix, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.)
| | - Sarah Bubeck
- Bubeck Scientific Communications, 194 Rainbow Drive #9418, Livingston, TX 77399, USA
| | - Thomas Bayne
- Microbiome Labs, 101 E Town Pl, Saint Augustine, FL 92092, USA
| | - Kiran Krishnan
- Microbiome Labs, 101 E Town Pl, Saint Augustine, FL 92092, USA
| | - Morgan Giusto
- Microbiome Labs, 101 E Town Pl, Saint Augustine, FL 92092, USA
| | - Samuel Moltz
- Novonesis, Biologiens Vej 2, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Saadh MJ, Mustafa AN, Mustafa MA, S RJ, Dabis HK, Prasad GVS, Mohammad IJ, Adnan A, Idan AH. The role of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in Parkinson's disease. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3. [PMID: 39266892 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The emerging function of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been investigated in this article. SCFAs, which are generated via the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota, have been associated with dysfunction of the gut-brain axis and, neuroinflammation. These processes are integral to the development of PD. This article examines the potential therapeutic implications of SCFAs in the management of PD, encompassing their capacity to modulate gastrointestinal permeability, neuroinflammation, and neuronal survival, by conducting an extensive literature review. As a whole, this article emphasizes the potential therapeutic utility of SCFAs as targets for the management and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
| | | | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- School of Pharmacy-Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - G V Siva Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra, Pradesh-531162, India
| | - Imad Jassim Mohammad
- College of Health and Medical Technology, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Adnan
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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47
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Kruk M, Lalowski P, Płecha M, Ponder A, Rudzka A, Zielińska D, Trząskowska M. Prebiotic potential of spent brewery grain - In vitro study. Food Chem 2024; 463:141254. [PMID: 39298848 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Spent brewery grain (SBG) is a by-product of the brewery industry. The study aimed to investigate the prebiotic potential of SBG. The chemical composition and fermentation capacity of SBG were checked. The gut microbiota response to SBG was assessed in two in vitro models (batch fermentation and dynamic system). Substances with prebiotic properties, including arabinoxylans (16.7 g/100 g) and polyphenols (49.1 mg/100 g), were identified in SBG. Suitable growth and fermentation by probiotic bacteria were observed. The modulatory effect of gut microbiota depends on the in vitro system used. In batch fermentation, there was no stimulation of Bifidobacterium or lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFA) synthesis increased. In dynamic, SBG exhibited a moderate bifidogenic effect, promoting Akkermansia and LAB growth while reducing Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella. SCFA stabilisation and reduction of BCFA content were noted. Moderate prebiotic effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kruk
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Lalowski
- Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Płecha
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Ponder
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rudzka
- Department of Dietetics and Food Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dorota Zielińska
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Trząskowska
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Van Hul M, Neyrinck AM, Everard A, Abot A, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM, Knauf C, Cani PD. Role of the intestinal microbiota in contributing to weight disorders and associated comorbidities. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0004523. [PMID: 38940505 PMCID: PMC11391702 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00045-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe gut microbiota is a major factor contributing to the regulation of energy homeostasis and has been linked to both excessive body weight and accumulation of fat mass (i.e., overweight, obesity) or body weight loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, and fat depletion (i.e., cachexia). These syndromes are characterized by multiple metabolic dysfunctions including abnormal regulation of food reward and intake, energy storage, and low-grade inflammation. Given the increasing worldwide prevalence of obesity, cachexia, and associated metabolic disorders, novel therapeutic strategies are needed. Among the different mechanisms explaining how the gut microbiota is capable of influencing host metabolism and energy balance, numerous studies have investigated the complex interactions existing between nutrition, gut microbes, and their metabolites. In this review, we discuss how gut microbes and different microbiota-derived metabolites regulate host metabolism. We describe the role of the gut barrier function in the onset of inflammation in this context. We explore the importance of the gut-to-brain axis in the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism but also the key role played by the liver. Finally, we present specific key examples of how using targeted approaches such as prebiotics and probiotics might affect specific metabolites, their signaling pathways, and their interactions with the host and reflect on the challenges to move from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van Hul
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- NeuroMicrobiota, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM/UCLouvain, France/Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | | | - Laure B Bindels
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claude Knauf
- NeuroMicrobiota, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM/UCLouvain, France/Belgium
- INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- NeuroMicrobiota, International Research Program (IRP) INSERM/UCLouvain, France/Belgium
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Brussels, Belgium
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Jandl B, Dighe S, Gasche C, Makristathis A, Muttenthaler M. Intestinal biofilms: pathophysiological relevance, host defense, and therapeutic opportunities. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0013323. [PMID: 38995034 PMCID: PMC11391705 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00133-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe human intestinal tract harbors a profound variety of microorganisms that live in symbiosis with the host and each other. It is a complex and highly dynamic environment whose homeostasis directly relates to human health. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and polymicrobial biofilms have been associated with gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancers. This review covers the molecular composition and organization of intestinal biofilms, mechanistic aspects of biofilm signaling networks for bacterial communication and behavior, and synergistic effects in polymicrobial biofilms. It further describes the clinical relevance and diseases associated with gut biofilms, the role of biofilms in antimicrobial resistance, and the intestinal host defense system and therapeutic strategies counteracting biofilms. Taken together, this review summarizes the latest knowledge and research on intestinal biofilms and their role in gut disorders and provides directions toward the development of biofilm-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Jandl
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Satish Dighe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Loha for Life, Center for Gastroenterology and Iron Deficiency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Athanasios Makristathis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Kaul R, Paul P, Harfouche M, Ayyan M, Laws S, Chaari A. The effect of microbiome-modulating therapeutics on glucose homeostasis in metabolic syndrome: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of clinical trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103118. [PMID: 39298907 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic disorder featuring overweight/obesity, high blood pressure, and dysfunction of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Microbiome-modulating probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) are promising adjunct therapies for improving parameters of glucose homeostasis and insulinemia. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions to investigate the effect of the abovementioned microbiome therapies on various biomarkers after screening clinical trials published through April 2023. We pooled data using random effects meta-analyses, reporting them as mean differences (MDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), and conducting univariate linear model meta-regressions. RESULTS Data from 21 trial comparisons across 19 studies (n = 911) revealed that, compared to placebo/control, microbiome-modulating therapies were associated with statistically significant changes in fasting plasma glucose (MD: 4.03 mg/dL [95%CI: 6.93; -1.13]; p effect = 0.006, I2 = 89.8 %), and fasting insulin (MD: 2.56 μU/mL [95%CI: 4.28; -0.84]; p effect = 0.004, I2 = 87.9 %), but not insulin resistance or sensitivity indices and HbA1c. Age, baseline BMI, baseline biomarker value, pro/synbiotic dosage, trial duration, nutraceutical type, and WHO region were factors affecting the efficacy of these interventions at producing changes in biomarkers, signaling the potential role of personalized precision medicine adjunct therapy for deranged glucose homeostasis in patients with MetS. Nevertheless, presence of heterogeneity calls for further investigation before their clinical application. CONCLUSIONS Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and FMT supplementation improved fasting glucose and insulin in patients with MetS. Further large-scale and high-quality trials are required before potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridhima Kaul
- Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pradipta Paul
- Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manale Harfouche
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar; World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Ayyan
- Premedical Division, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sa'ad Laws
- Health Sciences Library, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Premedical Division, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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