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Yao H, He Q, Xiang L, Liu S, Yang Z, Li X, Liu W, Huang C, Wang B, Xie Q, Gao Y, Zheng C, Li X. Guizhi Fuling Wan attenuates tetrachloromethane-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats via PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118593. [PMID: 39032663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Treatment options for hepatic fibrosis, a prevalent liver condition closely linked to cirrhosis, are currently limited. While Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW), a pill derived from traditional Chinese herbs, has been reported to possess hepatoprotective properties, its therapeutic effect and mechanism in hepatic fibrosis remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the anti-fibrotic impact of GFW and its underlying mechanisms in both in vivo and in vitro settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tetrachloromethane (CCl4) was used to induce hepatic fibrosis in male rats. In vitro, activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was triggered by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). In vivo, liver function, pathological alterations, and HSC activation were evaluated. Additionally, the impact of GFW on the activated phenotypes of Lieming Xu-2 (LX-2) cells was examined in vitro. Network pharmacology was employed to identify the potential targets of GFW in hepatic fibrosis. Lastly, the impact of GFW on the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway and PTEN ubiquitination in HSCs was investigated. RESULTS GFW alleviated CCl4-induced liver damage and scarring in rats in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed HSC activation in vivo. Moreover, GFW inhibited the proliferation, migration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production of activated HSCs in vitro. GFW also promoted autophagy and apoptosis of HSCs. Meanwhile, network pharmacology and in vitro studies suggested that GFW inhibits the AKT/mTOR pathway by preventing PTEN degradation by suppressing ubiquitination. CONCLUSION GFW attenuates Ccl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in male rats by regulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, positioning it as a potential candidate for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Re-development of Famous Classical Formulas, Tianfu TCM Innovation Harbour, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611930, China.
| | - Qingman He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li Xiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Sixian Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhuodi Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Cong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Baojia Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qian Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Re-development of Famous Classical Formulas, Tianfu TCM Innovation Harbour, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611930, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Xueping Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China.
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Li DJ, Berry CE, Wan DC, Longaker MT. Clinical, mechanistic, and therapeutic landscape of cutaneous fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadn7871. [PMID: 39321265 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn7871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
When dysregulated, skin fibrosis can lead to a multitude of pathologies. We provide a framework for understanding the wide clinical spectrum, mechanisms, and management of cutaneous fibrosis encompassing a variety of matrix disorders, fibrohistiocytic neoplasms, injury-induced scarring, and autoimmune scleroses. Underlying such entities are common mechanistic pathways that leverage morphogenic signaling, immune activation, and mechanotransduction to modulate fibroblast function. In light of the limited array of available treatments for cutaneous fibrosis, scientific insights have opened new therapeutic and investigative avenues for conditions that still lack effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayan J Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Charlotte E Berry
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Derrick C Wan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Luo T, Hu C, Li H, Fan X, Wang K, Liang J, Chen Y, Fan Y. Advanced Wound Healing and Scar Reduction Using an Innovative Anti-ROS Polysaccharide Hydrogel with Recombinant Human Collagen Type III. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:50305-50320. [PMID: 39255049 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Excessive fibrotic scar formation during skin defect repair poses a formidable challenge, impeding the simultaneous acceleration of wound healing and prevention of scar formation and hindering the restoration of skin integrity and functionality. Drawing inspiration from the structural, compositional, and biological attributes of skin, we developed a hydrogel containing modified recombinant human collagen type III and thiolated hyaluronic acid to address the challenges of regenerating skin appendages and improving the recovery of skin functions after injury by reducing fibrotic scarring. The hydrogel displayed favorable biocompatibility, antioxidant properties, angiogenic potential, and fibroblast migration stimulation in vitro. In a rat full-layer defect model, it reduced inflammation, promoted microvascular formation, and significantly enhanced the wound healing speed and effectiveness. Additionally, by upregulating fibrosis-associated genes, such as TGFB1, it facilitated collagen accumulation and a beneficial balance between type I and type III collagen, potentially expediting skin regeneration and functional recovery. In conclusion, the utilization of rhCol III-HS demonstrated considerable potential as a wound dressing, offering a highly effective strategy for the restoration and rejuvenation of complete skin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yawen Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Tao Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chen Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Haihang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Jiangsu Trautec Medical Technology Co., Ltd, 18# Jincheng Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213251, China
| | - Xiaoju Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Jiangsu Trautec Medical Technology Co., Ltd, 18# Jincheng Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213251, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jie Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Sichuan Testing Center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yafang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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Wang Z, Chen G, Li H, Liu J, Yang Y, Zhao C, Li Y, Shi J, Chen H, Chen G. Zotarolimus alleviates post-trabeculectomy fibrosis via dual functions of anti-inflammation and regulating AMPK/mTOR axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113176. [PMID: 39303539 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative scar formation is the primary cause of uncontrolled intraocular pressure following trabeculectomy failure. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of zotarolimus as an adjuvant anti-scarring agent in the experimental trabeculectomy. METHODS We performed differential gene and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis on rabbit follicular transcriptome sequencing data (GSE156781). New Zealand white Rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups: Surgery only, Surgery with mitomycin-C treatment, Surgery with zotarolimus treatment. Rabbits were euthanized 3 days or 28 days post-trabeculectomy. Pathological sections were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Masson staining. In vitro, primary human tenon's capsule fibroblasts (HTFs) were stimulated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and treated with either mitomycin-C or zotarolimus. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using cell counting kit-8, cell cycle, and scratch assays. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected with the JC-1 probe, and reactive oxygen species were detected using the DCFH-DA probe. RNA and protein expressions were quantified using RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed the involvement of complex immune factors and metabolic disorders in trabeculectomy outcomes. Zotarolimus effectively inhibited fibrosis, reduced proinflammatory factor release and immune cell infiltration, and improved the surgical outcomes of trabeculectomy. In TGF-β1-induced HTFs, zotarolimus reduced fibrosis, proliferation, and migration without cytotoxicity via the dual regulation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathways. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that zotarolimus mitigates fibrosis by reducing immune infiltration and correcting metabolic imbalances, offering a potential treatment for improving trabeculectomy surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiruo Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Yunping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Jingming Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, China; Clinical Immunology Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Guochun Chen
- Clinical Immunology Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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5
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White MJV, Ozkan M, Gomez-Medellin JE, Rączy MM, Koss KM, Solanki A, Zhang ZJ, Alpar AT, Naved BA, Wertheim J, Hubbell JA. Blocking antibodies against integrin-α3, -αM, and -αMβ2 de-differentiate myofibroblasts, and improve lung fibrosis and kidney fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21623. [PMID: 39284829 PMCID: PMC11405753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is involved in 45% of deaths in the United States, and no treatment exists to reverse the progression of lung or kidney fibrosis. Myofibroblasts are key to the progression and maintenance of fibrosis. We investigated features of cell adhesion necessary for monocytes to differentiate into myofibroblasts, seeking to identify pathways key to myofibroblast differentiation. Blocking antibodies against integrins α3, αM, and αMβ2 de-differentiate myofibroblasts in vitro, lower the pro-fibrotic secretome of myofibroblasts, and treat lung fibrosis and inhibit kidney fibrosis in vivo. Decorin's collagen-binding peptide can be used to direct functionalized blocking antibodies (against integrins-α3, -αM, -αMβ2) to both fibrotic lungs and fibrotic kidneys, reducing the dose of antibody necessary to treat fibrosis. This targeted immunotherapy blocking key integrins may be an effective therapeutic for the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J V White
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Melis Ozkan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Michal M Rączy
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Kyle M Koss
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Ani Solanki
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center & Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Aaron T Alpar
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Bilal A Naved
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jason Wertheim
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hubbell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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6
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Karaselek MA, Duran T, Kuccukturk S, Vatansev H, Oltulu P. Changes in T-cell subsets occur in interstitial lung disease and may contribute to pathology via complicated immune cascade. APMIS 2024; 132:663-671. [PMID: 38860355 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the expression profiles of transcription factors, cytokines, and co-stimulatory molecules in helper T (Th)-cell subsets within bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Twenty ILDs patients were included in the study, comprising those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n:8), autoimmune-related ILDs (auto-ILD) (n:4), and orphan diseases (O-ILD) (n:8), alongside five control subjects. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate the Th to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) ratio in BAL fluid, while cytopathological examination assessed macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to investigate the expressions in Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Results revealed elevated Th cell to CTL ratios across all patient groups compared to controls. Furthermore, upregulation of Th1, Th2, Th17, and T-cell factors was observed in all patient groups compared to controls. Interestingly, upregulation of CD28 and downregulation of CTLA-4 and PD-1 gene expression were consistent across all ILDs groups, highlighting potential immune dysregulation. This study provides a comprehensive exploration of molecular immunological mechanisms in ILDs patients, underscoring the dominance of Th2 and Th17 responses and revealing novel findings regarding the dysregulation of CD28, CTLA-4, and PD-1 expressions in ILDs for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Karaselek
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tugce Duran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Medicine Faculty, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kuccukturk
- Department of Medical Biology, Medicine Faculty, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Hulya Vatansev
- Department of Chest Disease, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pembe Oltulu
- Department of Pathology, Medicine Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Chen Y, Dai R, Cheng M, Wang W, Liu C, Cao Z, Ge Y, Wang Y, Zhang L. Status and role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in renal fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117210. [PMID: 39059348 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a basic regulatory mechanism in cells that is essential for maintaining cell homeostasis, stimulating signal transduction, and determining cell fate. These biological processes require coordinated signaling cascades across members of the UPS to achieve substrate ubiquitination and deubiquitination. The role of the UPS in fibrotic diseases has attracted widespread attention, and the aberrant expression of UPS members affects the fibrosis process. In this review, we provide an overview of the UPS and its relevance for fibrotic diseases. Moreover, for the first time, we explore in detail how the UPS promotes or inhibits renal fibrosis by regulating biological processes such as signaling pathways, inflammation, oxidative stress, and the cell cycle, emphasizing the status and role of the UPS in renal fibrosis. Further research on this system may reveal new strategies for preventing renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weili Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanjiao Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zeping Cao
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Ge
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
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Calyeca J, Hallak D, Hussein Z, Dharmadhikari S, Liu L, Chiang T. Proteomic Analysis of Surgery-induced Stress Post-Tracheal Transplantation Highlights Changes in Matrisome. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:4052-4059. [PMID: 38742543 PMCID: PMC11305956 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the impact of Surgery-induced stress (SIS) on the normal airway repair process after airway reconstruction using a mouse microsurgery model, mass spectrometry (MS), and bioinformatic analysis. METHODS Tracheal tissue from non-surgical (N = 3) and syngeneic tracheal grafts at 3 months post-replacement (N = 3) were assessed using mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was done using MASCOT via Proteome Discoverer™. Proteins were categorized into total, dysregulated, suppressed, and evoked proteins in response to SIS. Dysregulated proteins were identified using cut-off values of -1 1 and t-test (p value <0.05). Enriched pathways were determined using STRING and Metascape. RESULTS At the three-month post-operation mark, we noted a significant increase in submucosal cellular infiltration (14343 ± 1286 cells/mm2, p = 0.0003), despite reduced overall thickness (30 ± 3 μm, p = 0.01), compared to Native (4578 ± 723 cells/mm2; 42 ± 6 μm). Matrisome composition remained preserved, with proteomic analysis identifying 193 commonly abundant proteins, encompassing 7.2% collagens, 34.2% Extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins, 6.2% proteoglycans, 33.2% ECM regulators, 14.5% Extracellular matrix-affiliated, and 4.7% secreted factors. Additionally, our analysis unveiled a unique proteomic signature of 217 "Surgery-evoked proteins" associated with SIS, revealing intricate connections among neutrophils, ECM remodeling, and vascularization through matrix metalloproteinase-9 interaction. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the impact of SIS on the extracellular matrix, particularly MMP9, after airway reconstruction. The novel identification of MMP9 prompts further investigation into its potential role in repair. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:4052-4059, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Calyeca
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus Ohio USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Diana Hallak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus Ohio USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Zakarie Hussein
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Sayali Dharmadhikari
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Lumei Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus Ohio USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus Ohio USA
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus Ohio USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus Ohio USA
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Ruiz-Blázquez P, Fernández-Fernández M, Pistorio V, Martinez-Sanchez C, Costanzo M, Iruzubieta P, Zhuravleva E, Cacho-Pujol J, Ariño S, Del Castillo-Cruz A, Núñez S, Andersen JB, Ruoppolo M, Crespo J, García-Ruiz C, Pavone LM, Reinheckel T, Sancho-Bru P, Coll M, Fernández-Checa JC, Moles A. Cathepsin D is essential for the degradomic shift of macrophages required to resolve liver fibrosis. Mol Metab 2024; 87:101989. [PMID: 39019115 PMCID: PMC11327474 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Fibrosis contributes to 45% of deaths in industrialized nations and is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). There are no specific anti-fibrotic treatments for liver fibrosis, and previous unsuccessful attempts at drug development have focused on preventing ECM deposition. Because liver fibrosis is largely acknowledged to be reversible, regulating fibrosis resolution could offer novel therapeutical options. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling ECM remodeling during resolution. Changes in proteolytic activity are essential for ECM homeostasis and macrophages are an important source of proteases. Herein, in this study we evaluate the role of macrophage-derived cathepsin D (CtsD) during liver fibrosis. METHODS CtsD expression and associated pathways were characterized in single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomic datasets in human cirrhosis. Liver fibrosis progression, reversion and functional characterization were assessed in novel myeloid-CtsD and hepatocyte-CtsD knock-out mice. RESULTS Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets demonstrated CtsD was expressed in macrophages and hepatocytes in human cirrhosis. Liver fibrosis progression, reversion and functional characterization were assessed in novel myeloid-CtsD (CtsDΔMyel) and hepatocyte-CtsD knock-out mice. CtsD deletion in macrophages, but not in hepatocytes, resulted in enhanced liver fibrosis. Both inflammatory and matrisome proteomic signatures were enriched in fibrotic CtsDΔMyel livers. Besides, CtsDΔMyel liver macrophages displayed functional, phenotypical and secretomic changes, which resulted in a degradomic phenotypical shift, responsible for the defective proteolytic processing of collagen I in vitro and impaired collagen remodeling during fibrosis resolution in vivo. Finally, CtsD-expressing mononuclear phagocytes of cirrhotic human livers were enriched in lysosomal and ECM degradative signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our work describes for the first-time CtsD-driven lysosomal activity as a central hub for restorative macrophage function during fibrosis resolution and opens new avenues to explore their degradome landscape to inform drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ruiz-Blázquez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Fernández
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | | | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Paula Iruzubieta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Zhuravleva
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center (SIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Júlia Cacho-Pujol
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ariño
- CiberEHD, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Javier Crespo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Los Angeles, United States; Associated Unit IIBB-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- CiberEHD, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Coll
- CiberEHD, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Los Angeles, United States; Associated Unit IIBB-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Moles
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain; CiberEHD, Spain; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; Associated Unit IIBB-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Centeno LAM, Bastos HBA, Bueno VLC, Trentin JM, Fiorenza M, Panziera W, Winter GHZ, Kretzmann NA, Fiala-Rechsteiner S, Mattos RC, Rubin MIB. Collagen and collagenases in mare's endometrium with endometrosis. Theriogenology 2024; 230:28-36. [PMID: 39243629 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Equine endometrosis is a degenerative and predominantly fibrotic condition resulting from progressive and irreversible multifactorial causes that influence the endometrium of mare. Tissue remodeling in the equine endometrium occurs as part of the pathogenesis of endometrosis, a process characterized by a shift in extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The relationship between matrix metalloproteinases and their specific inhibitors is crucial for the remodeling process. Collagen play a significant role in maintaining a healthy uterus and may promote fibrotic processes. The aim of this study was to quantify endometrial collagen deposition using picrosirius 25 red (PSR) staining, and to evaluate gene expression of collagen type 2 (COL-2) and 3 (COL-3), matrix metalloproteinases 1 (MMP-1) and 2 (MMP-2), their tissue inhibitor (TIMP-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the endometrium of mares with different grades of fibrosis. The samples (n = 34) were classified into three categories based on the frequency and distribution of fibrosis-related changes in the endometrium: Category I (healthy endometrium, n = 12), Category II (moderate fibrosis, n = 12), and Category III (severe fibrosis, n = 10). Collagen quantification demonstrate a substantial proportional increase (P < 0.0001) in collagen deposition across Category I (11.72 ± 1.39 %), Category II (17.76 ± 1.29 %), and Category III (24.15 ± 1.87 %). In transcript evaluations, higher COL-2 expression was found in Category II than in mares classified as Category I or III. MMP-1 showed increased transcript expression in Category II compared to Category III endometrial samples. Higher expression of MMP-2 was detected in Category III than in Category I and II. TIMP-2 showed lower mRNA expression in Category III vs Category I and II. However, TNF-α gene expression was higher in Category II than in Categories I and III. This study demonstrates that endometrial evaluation using PSR can play an important role in routine analyses for the detection and objective quantification of collagen in endometrial tissues. Additionally, this study demonstrated through gene expression analysis that MMP-1 may be linked to physiological endometrial remodeling. In contrast, MMP-2 could be associated with fibrogenesis in the endometrium, which is regulated by the inhibitor TIMP-2. Furthermore, COL-2 and TNF-α could be considered as biological markers involved in the progression endometrosis in mares. As such, the results of this study may contribute to the development of future antifibrotic therapies that aim to delay or even reverse the pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix in the uterus, in addition to optimizing the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial fibrosis in mares.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrique B A Bastos
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Verônica L C Bueno
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil; Historep - Institute of Biology, UFPEL, Pelotas, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | | | - MarianiF Fiorenza
- Biorep - Department of Large Animal Clinic, UFSM, RS, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Welden Panziera
- Setor de Patologia - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, RS, Porto Alegre, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H Z Winter
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Nelson A Kretzmann
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Sandra Fiala-Rechsteiner
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil; Historep - Institute of Biology, UFPEL, Pelotas, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C Mattos
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Mara I B Rubin
- Reprolab - Faculty of Veterinary, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 91540-000, Brazil
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11
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Huang L, Yang X, Feng Y, Huang HX, Hu JQ, Yan PY, Pan HD, Xie Y. ShaShen-MaiDong decoction attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β/smad3, AKT/MAPK, and YAP/TAZ pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118755. [PMID: 39209002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is progressive and terminal lung disease, which is also the most common sequelae of Corona Virus Disease (2019) (COVID-19) survivors. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for PF. ShaShen-MaiDong decoction (SMT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been employed in treating various lung diseases, which may offer potential therapeutic benefits for PF. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the antifibrotic efficacy of SMT and its major active ingredients as well as the underlying mechanisms for treating PF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fist, we build the UPLC-MS based qualitative and quantitative profiling for the quality control of SMT. Then, the antifibrotic efficacy of SMT was investigated in bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mice model. Network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism and active components of SMT for the treatment of PF, which was further verified in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS SMT improved the weight loss and attenuated hydroxyproline, inflammatory cytokines, and collagen deposition in BLM-induced PF mice model in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, as predicted by network pharmacology analysis, SMT and its active compounds (kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin) regulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, and YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, which was further verified in the PF mice and TGF-β-induced A549 cell model. Moreover, SMT balanced the proportions of increased CD4+ and decreased CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of PF mice model. CONCLUSIONS Considering the high mortality and complex pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases, our results provide novel evidence that SMT would be beneficial for pulmonary fibrosis therapy by modulating MAPK, TGF-β/Smad, and YAP/TAZ signaling pathways at same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Yi Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Xue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jia-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Yu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Hu-Dan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Lunde IG, Rypdal KB, Van Linthout S, Diez J, González A. Myocardial fibrosis from the perspective of the extracellular matrix: mechanisms to clinical impact. Matrix Biol 2024:S0945-053X(24)00110-0. [PMID: 39214156 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is defined by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and constitutes a central pathophysiological process that underlies tissue dysfunction, across organs, in multiple chronic diseases and during aging. Myocardial fibrosis is a key contributor to dysfunction and failure in numerous diseases of the heart and is a strong predictor of poor clinical outcome and mortality. The excess structural and matricellular ECM proteins deposited by cardiac fibroblasts, is found between cardiomyocytes (interstitial fibrosis), in focal areas where cardiomyocytes have died (replacement fibrosis), and around vessels (perivascular fibrosis). Although myocardial fibrosis has important clinical prognostic value, access to cardiac tissue biopsies for histological evaluation is limited. Despite challenges with sensitivity and specificity, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the most applicable diagnostic tool in the clinic, and the scientific community is currently actively searching for blood biomarkers reflecting myocardial fibrosis, to complement the imaging techniques. The lack of mechanistic insights into specific pro- and anti-fibrotic molecular pathways has hampered the development of effective treatments to prevent or reverse myocardial fibrosis. Development and implementation of anti-fibrotic therapies is expected to improve patient outcomes and is an urgent medical need. Here, we discuss the importance of the ECM in the heart, the central role of fibrosis in heart disease, and mechanistic pathways likely to impact clinical practice with regards to diagnostics of myocardial fibrosis, risk stratification of patients, and anti-fibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida G Lunde
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Karoline B Rypdal
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Department of Cardiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Department of Cardiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Madl CM, Wang YX, Holbrook CA, Su S, Shi X, Byfield FJ, Wicki G, Flaig IA, Blau HM. Hydrogel biomaterials that stiffen and soften on demand reveal that skeletal muscle stem cells harbor a mechanical memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406787121. [PMID: 39163337 PMCID: PMC11363279 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406787121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are specialized cells that reside in adult skeletal muscle poised to repair muscle tissue. The ability of MuSCs to regenerate damaged tissues declines markedly with aging and in diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, but the underlying causes of MuSC dysfunction remain poorly understood. Both aging and disease result in dramatic increases in the stiffness of the muscle tissue microenvironment from fibrosis. MuSCs are known to lose their regenerative potential if cultured on stiff plastic substrates. We sought to determine whether MuSCs harbor a memory of their past microenvironment and if it can be overcome. We tested MuSCs in situ using dynamic hydrogel biomaterials that soften or stiffen on demand in response to light and found that freshly isolated MuSCs develop a persistent memory of substrate stiffness characterized by loss of proliferative progenitors within the first three days of culture on stiff substrates. MuSCs cultured on soft hydrogels had altered cytoskeletal organization and activity of Rho and Rac guanosine triphosphate hydrolase (GTPase) and Yes-associated protein mechanotransduction pathways compared to those on stiff hydrogels. Pharmacologic inhibition identified RhoA activation as responsible for the mechanical memory phenotype, and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a molecular signature of the mechanical memory. These studies highlight that microenvironmental stiffness regulates MuSC fate and leads to MuSC dysfunction that is not readily reversed by changing stiffness. Our results suggest that stiffness can be circumvented by targeting downstream signaling pathways to overcome stem cell dysfunction in aged and disease states with aberrant fibrotic tissue mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Madl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Yu Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Colin A. Holbrook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Shiqi Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Xuechen Shi
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Fitzroy J. Byfield
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Gwendoline Wicki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Iris A. Flaig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Helen M. Blau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
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14
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Anti-inflammatory Principles of the Plant Family Amaryllidaceae. PLANTA MEDICA 2024. [PMID: 39029914 DOI: 10.1055/a-2369-8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the utilisation of plants against inflammation. Over 50 species of the plant family Amaryllidaceae are known for such usage in traditional medicine. This review was undertaken to identify the chemical principles responsible for these anti-inflammatory effects. It describes the findings from in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies, as well as the probes made on the mechanisms of action. The literature search returned over 600 hits, of which around 130 were chosen for their relevance to the text. Over 140 compounds have thus far been screened for anti-inflammatory effects. These were mostly isoquinoline alkaloids but also included other classes of secondary metabolites such as chromones, flavonoids and triterpenoids. In vitro studies were carried out in mononuclear cells such as lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and macrophages, against which no serious side effects were observed. The constituents were also effective against inflammation induced by physical and chemical stimuli in a variety of murine test subjects. Chief among the compounds were the isoquinoline alkaloids lycorine and narciclasine, which displayed potent effects against pain, swelling, asthma and arthritis, amongst others. From a mechanistic perspective, several of the compounds were shown to mediate in inflammatory pathways, notably via the modulation of both pro-inflammatory (such as NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1) and anti-inflammatory (such as IL-10 and TGF-β) factors. Useful insights also emerged from active-site docking studies of some of the compounds. The Amaryllidaceae affords a rich and diverse platform for the discovery of potential anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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15
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Xing X, Zhao C, Cai S, Wang J, Zhang J, Sun F, Huang M, Zhang L. Deciphering the mediating role of CXCL10 in hypothyroidism-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in European ancestry: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379480. [PMID: 39185418 PMCID: PMC11341476 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal lung disease characterized by progressive fibrosis, leading to impaired gas exchange and high mortality. The etiology of IPF is complex, with potential links to autoimmune disorders such as hypothyroidism. This study explores the relationship between hypothyroidism and IPF, focusing on the mediating role of plasma proteins. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to determine the impact of hypothyroidism on IPF and the mediating role of 4,907 plasma proteins, all in individuals of European ancestry. Sensitivity analyses, external validation, and reverse causality tests were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Additionally, the function of causal SNPs was evaluated through gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Conclusion The findings suggest that hypothyroidism, through altered plasma protein expression, particularly CXCL10, may contribute to the pathogenesis of IPF. This novel insight highlights the potential of CXCL10 as a therapeutic target in IPF, especially in patients with hypothyroidism. The study emphasizes the need for further research into the complex interplay between autoimmune disorders and IPF, with a view towards developing targeted interventions for IPF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Xing
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Song Cai
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of respiration, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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16
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Zheng M, Liu Z, He Y. Radiation-induced fibrosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies from an immune microenvironment perspective. Immunology 2024; 172:533-546. [PMID: 38561001 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a severe chronic complication of radiotherapy (RT) manifested by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components deposition within the irradiated area. The lung, heart, skin, jaw, pelvic organs and so on may be affected by RIF, which hampers body functions and quality of life. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that the immune microenvironment may play a key regulatory role in RIF. This article discussed the synergetic or antagonistic effects of immune cells and mediators in regulating RIF's development. Several potential preventative and therapeutic strategies for RIF were proposed based on the immunological mechanisms to provide clinicians with improved cognition and clinical treatment guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zheng
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglong Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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17
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Möbus L, Serra A, Fratello M, Pavel A, Federico A, Greco D. A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Map Disease Relationships Challenges Classical Disease Views. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401754. [PMID: 38840452 PMCID: PMC11321629 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The categorization of human diseases is mainly based on the affected organ system and phenotypic characteristics. This is limiting the view to the pathological manifestations, while it neglects mechanistic relationships that are crucial to develop therapeutic strategies. This work aims to advance the understanding of diseases and their relatedness beyond traditional phenotypic views. Hence, the similarity among 502 diseases is mapped using six different data dimensions encompassing molecular, clinical, and pharmacological information retrieved from public sources. Multiple distance measures and multi-view clustering are used to assess the patterns of disease relatedness. The integration of all six dimensions into a consensus map of disease relationships reveals a divergent disease view from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), emphasizing novel insights offered by a multi-view disease map. Disease features such as genes, pathways, and chemicals that are enriched in distinct disease groups are identified. Finally, an evaluation of the top similar diseases of three candidate diseases common in the Western population shows concordance with known epidemiological associations and reveals rare features shared between Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease. A revision of disease relationships holds promise for facilitating the reconstruction of comorbidity patterns, repurposing drugs, and advancing drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Möbus
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
| | - Angela Serra
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Tampere Institute for Advanced StudyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Michele Fratello
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
| | - Alisa Pavel
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Applied Mathematics and Computer ScienceTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby2800Denmark
| | - Antonio Federico
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Tampere Institute for Advanced StudyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE)Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
- Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00790Finland
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Mo Y, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Q. MMP-3 mediates copper oxide nanoparticle-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:428. [PMID: 39030581 PMCID: PMC11264740 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing production and usage of copper oxide nanoparticles (Nano-CuO) raise human health concerns. Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to Nano-CuO could induce lung inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. However, the potential underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we proposed that matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) might play an important role in Nano-CuO-induced lung inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. RESULTS Exposure of mice to Nano-CuO caused acute lung inflammation and injury in a dose-dependent manner, which was reflected by increased total cell number, neutrophil count, macrophage count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and CXCL1/KC level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained on day 3 post-exposure. The time-response study showed that Nano-CuO-induced acute lung inflammation and injury appeared as early as day 1 after exposure, peaked on day 3, and ameliorated over time. However, even on day 42 post-exposure, the LDH activity and macrophage count were still higher than those in the control group, suggesting that Nano-CuO caused chronic lung inflammation. The Nano-CuO-induced pulmonary inflammation was further confirmed by H&E staining of lung sections. Trichrome staining showed that Nano-CuO exposure caused pulmonary fibrosis from day 14 to day 42 post-exposure with an increasing tendency over time. Increased hydroxyproline content and expression levels of fibrosis-associated proteins in mouse lungs were also observed. In addition, Nano-CuO exposure induced MMP-3 overexpression and increased MMP-3 secretion in mouse lungs. Knocking down MMP-3 in mouse lungs significantly attenuated Nano-CuO-induced acute and chronic lung inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, Nano-CuO exposure caused sustained production of cleaved osteopontin (OPN) in mouse lungs, which was also significantly decreased by knocking down MMP-3. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that short-term Nano-CuO exposure caused acute lung inflammation and injury, while long-term exposure induced chronic pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Knocking down MMP-3 significantly ameliorated Nano-CuO-induced pulmonary inflammation, injury, and fibrosis, and also attenuated Nano-CuO-induced cleaved OPN level. Our study suggests that MMP-3 may play important roles in Nano-CuO-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via cleavage of OPN and may provide a further understanding of the mechanisms underlying Nano-CuO-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100054, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Xiang'An Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361104, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jiali Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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19
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Jacobs I, Ke BJ, Ceulemans M, Cremer J, D'Hoore A, Bislenghi G, Matteoli G, De Hertogh G, Sabino J, Ferrante M, Vermeire S, Breynaert C, Vanuytsel T, Verstockt B. Fibrostricturing Crohn's Disease Is Marked by an Increase in Active Eosinophils in the Deeper Layers. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2024; 15:e00706. [PMID: 38690831 PMCID: PMC11272291 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 50% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) develop intestinal strictures necessitating surgery. The immune cell distribution in these strictures remains uncharacterized. We aimed to identify the immune cells in intestinal strictures of patients with CD. METHODS During ileocolonic resections, transmural sections of terminal ileum were sampled from 25 patients with CD and 10 non-inflammatory bowel disease controls. Macroscopically unaffected, fibrostenotic, and inflamed ileum was collected and analyzed for immune cell distribution (flow cytometry) and protein expression. Collagen deposition was assessed through a Masson Trichrome staining. Eosinophil and fibroblast colocalization was assessed through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The Masson Trichrome staining confirmed augmented collagen deposition in both the fibrotic and the inflamed regions, though with a significant increased collagen deposition in the fibrotic compared with inflamed tissue. Distinct Th1, Th2, regulatory T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes were identified in fibrotic and inflamed CD ileum compared with unaffected ileum of patients with CD as non-inflammatory bowel disease controls. Only minor differences were observed between fibrotic and inflamed tissue, with more active eosinophils in fibrotic deeper layers and increased eosinophil cationic protein expression in inflamed deeper layers. Last, no differences in eosinophil and fibroblast colocalization were observed between the different regions. DISCUSSION This study characterized immune cell distribution and protein expression in fibrotic and inflamed ileal tissue of patients with CD. Immunologic, proteomic, and histological data suggest inflammation and fibrosis are intertwined, with a large overlap between both tissue types. However strikingly, we did identify an increased presence of active eosinophils only in the fibrotic deeper layers, suggesting their potential role in fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Jacobs
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bo-Jun Ke
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Ceulemans
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - André D'Hoore
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Bislenghi
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - João Sabino
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Ferrante
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Breynaert
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of General Internal Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Verstockt
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (ChroMetA), Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Tian N, Cheng H, Du Y, Wang X, Lei Y, Liu X, Chen M, Xu Z, Wang L, Yin H, Fu R, Li D, Zhou P, Lu L, Yin Z, Dai SM, Li B. Cannabinoid receptor 2 selective agonist alleviates systemic sclerosis by inhibiting Th2 differentiation through JAK/SOCS3 signaling. J Autoimmun 2024; 147:103233. [PMID: 38797049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) poses a significant challenge in autoimmunology, characterized by the development of debilitating fibrosis of skin and internal organs. The pivotal role of dysregulated T cells, notably the skewed polarization toward Th2 cells, has been implicated in the vascular damage and progressive fibrosis observed in SSc. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms by which cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) highly selective agonist HU-308 restores the imbalance of T cells to alleviate SSc. Using a bleomycin-induced SSc (BLM-SSc) mouse model, we demonstrated that HU-308 effectively attenuates skin and lung fibrosis by specifically activating CB2 on CD4+ T cells to inhibit the polarization of Th2 cells in BLM-SSc mice, which was validated by Cnr2-specific-deficient mice. Different from classical signaling downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), HU-308 facilitates the expression of SOCS3 protein and subsequently impedes the IL2/STAT5 signaling pathway during Th2 differentiation. The deficiency of SOCS3 partially mitigated the impact of HU-308. Analysis of a cohort comprising 80 SSc patients and 82 healthy controls revealed an abnormal elevation in the Th2/Th1 ratio in SSc patients. The proportion of Th2 cells showed a significant positive correlation with mRSS score and positivity of anti-Scl-70. Administration of HU-308 to PBMCs and peripheral CD4+ T cells from SSc patients led to the upregulation of SOCS3, which effectively suppressed the aberrantly activated STAT5 signaling pathway and the proportion of CD4+IL4+ T cells. In conclusion, our findings unveil a novel mechanism by which the CB2 agonist HU-308 ameliorates fibrosis in SSc by targeting and reducing Th2 responses. These insights provide a foundation for future therapeutic approaches in SSc by modulating Th2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Guangdong, China; Center for Cancer Immunology Research, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Songjiang Research Institute, Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Lei
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinnan Liu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhan Xu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingbiao Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hanlin Yin
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rong Fu
- Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Penghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liangjing Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sheng-Ming Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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21
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Fedak PWM. Cellular and molecular mechanisms driving cardiac tissue fibrosis: On the precipice of personalized and precision medicine. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 71:107635. [PMID: 38508436 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a significant contributor to heart failure, a condition that continues to affect a growing number of patients worldwide. Various cardiovascular comorbidities can exacerbate cardiac fibrosis. While fibroblasts are believed to be the primary cell type underlying fibrosis, recent and emerging data suggest that other cell types can also potentiate or expedite fibrotic processes. Over the past few decades, clinicians have developed therapeutics that can blunt the development and progression of cardiac fibrosis. While these strategies have yielded positive results, overall clinical outcomes for patients suffering from heart failure continue to be dire. Herein, we overview the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cardiac tissue fibrosis. To do so, we establish the known mechanisms that drive fibrosis in the heart, outline the diagnostic tools available, and summarize the treatment options used in contemporary clinical practice. Finally, we underscore the critical role the immune microenvironment plays in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anna N Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul W M Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Science, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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22
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Dorry S, Perla S, Bennett AM. MAPK Phosphatase-5 is required for TGF-β signaling through a JNK-dependent pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.600976. [PMID: 38979264 PMCID: PMC11230413 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.600976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) constitute members of the dual-specificity family of protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate the MAPKs. MKP-5 dephosphorylates the stress-responsive MAPKs, p38 MAPK and JNK, and has been shown to promote tissue fibrosis. Here, we provide insight into how MKP-5 regulates the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway, a well-established driver of fibrosis. We show that MKP-5-deficient fibroblasts in response to TGF-β are impaired in SMAD2 phosphorylation at canonical and non-canonical sites, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activation of fibrogenic genes. Consistent with this, pharmacological inhibition of MKP-5 is sufficient to block TGF-β signaling, and that this regulation occurs through a JNK-dependent pathway. By utilizing RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis, we identify TGF-β signaling activators regulated by MKP-5 in a JNK-dependent manner, providing mechanistic insight into how MKP-5 promotes TGF-β signaling. This study elucidates a novel mechanism whereby MKP-5-mediated JNK inactivation is required for TGF-β signaling and provides insight into the role of MKP-5 in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Dorry
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sravan Perla
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anton M. Bennett
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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23
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Massen GM, Whittaker HR, Cook S, Jenkins G, Allen RJ, Wain LV, Stewart I, Quint JK. Using Routinely Collected Electronic Healthcare Record Data to Investigate Fibrotic Multimorbidity in England. Clin Epidemiol 2024; 16:433-443. [PMID: 38952572 PMCID: PMC11215821 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s463499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Electronic healthcare records (EHRs) are used to document diagnoses, symptoms, tests, and prescriptions. Though not primarily collected for research purposes, owing to the size of the data as well as the depth of information collected, they have been used extensively to conduct epidemiological research. The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) is an EHR database containing representative data of the UK population with regard to age, sex, race, and social deprivation measures. Fibrotic conditions are characterised by excessive scarring, contributing towards organ dysfunction and eventual organ failure. Fibrosis is associated with ageing as well as many other factors, it is hypothesised that fibrotic conditions are caused by the same underlying pathological mechanism. We calculated the prevalence of fibrotic conditions (as defined in a previous Delphi survey of clinicians) as well as the prevalence of fibrotic multimorbidity (the proportion of people with multiple fibrotic conditions). Methods We included a random sample of 993,370 UK adults, alive, and enrolled at a UK general practice, providing data to the CPRD Aurum database as of 1st of January 2015. Individuals had to be eligible for linkage to hospital episode statistics (HES) and ONS death registration. We calculated the point prevalence of fibrotic conditions and multi-morbid fibrosis on the 1st of January 2015. Using death records of those who died in 2015, we investigated the prevalence of fibrosis associated death. We explored the most commonly co-occurring fibrotic conditions and determined the settings in which diagnoses were commonly made (primary care, secondary care or after death). Results The point prevalence of any fibrotic condition was 21.46%. In total, 6.00% of people had fibrotic multimorbidity. Of the people who died in 2015, 34.82% had a recording of a fibrotic condition listed on their death certificate. Conclusion The key finding was that fibrotic multimorbidity affects approximately 1 in 16 people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Cook
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gisli Jenkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richard J Allen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Iain Stewart
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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24
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Liu J, Liu F, Liang T, Zhou Y, Su X, Li X, Zeng J, Qu P, Wang Y, Chen F, Lei Q, Li G, Cheng P. The roles of Th cells in myocardial infarction. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:287. [PMID: 38879568 PMCID: PMC11180143 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is a serious condition caused by the abrupt stoppage of blood flow to a part of the heart, leading to tissue damage. A significant aspect of this condition is reperfusion injury, which occurs when blood flow is restored but exacerbates the damage. This review first addresses the role of the innate immune system, including neutrophils and macrophages, in the cascade of events leading to myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. It then shifts focus to the critical involvement of CD4+ T helper cells in these processes. These cells, pivotal in regulating the immune response and tissue recovery, include various subpopulations such as Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, and Th22, each playing a unique role in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. These subpopulations contribute to the injury process through diverse mechanisms, with cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-4 influencing the balance between tissue repair and injury exacerbation. Understanding the interplay between the innate immune system and CD4+ T helper cells, along with their cytokines, is crucial for developing targeted therapies to mitigate myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury, ultimately improving outcomes for cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Feila Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohan Su
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiao Zeng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Panke Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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25
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Liu Q, Zheng Y, Sturmlechner I, Jain A, Own M, Yang Q, Zhang H, Pinto e Vairo F, Cerosaletti K, Buckner JH, Warrington KJ, Koster MJ, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. IKZF1 and UBR4 gene variants drive autoimmunity and Th2 polarization in IgG4-related disease. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e178692. [PMID: 38885295 PMCID: PMC11324302 DOI: 10.1172/jci178692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disease whose pathomechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified gene variants in familial IgG4-RD and determined their functional consequences. All 3 affected members of the family shared variants of the transcription factor IKAROS, encoded by IKZF1, and the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR4. The IKAROS variant increased binding to the FYN promoter, resulting in higher transcription of FYN in T cells. The UBR4 variant prevented the lysosomal degradation of the phosphatase CD45. In the presence of elevated FYN, CD45 functioned as a positive regulatory loop, lowering the threshold for T cell activation. Consequently, T cells from the affected family members were hyperresponsive to stimulation. When transduced with a low-avidity, autoreactive T cell receptor, their T cells responded to the autoantigenic peptide. In parallel, high expression of FYN in T cells biased their differentiation toward Th2 polarization by stabilizing the transcription factor JunB. This bias was consistent with the frequent atopic manifestations in patients with IgG4-RD, including the affected family members in the present study. Building on the functional consequences of these 2 variants, we propose a disease model that is not only instructive for IgG4-RD but also for atopic diseases and autoimmune diseases associated with an IKZF1 risk haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Filippo Pinto e Vairo
- Center for Individualized Medicine and Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karen Cerosaletti
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jane H. Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
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26
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Nauffal V, Klarqvist MDR, Hill MC, Pace DF, Di Achille P, Choi SH, Rämö JT, Pirruccello JP, Singh P, Kany S, Hou C, Ng K, Philippakis AA, Batra P, Lubitz SA, Ellinor PT. Noninvasive assessment of organ-specific and shared pathways in multi-organ fibrosis using T1 mapping. Nat Med 2024; 30:1749-1760. [PMID: 38806679 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases affect multiple organs and are associated with morbidity and mortality. To examine organ-specific and shared biologic mechanisms that underlie fibrosis in different organs, we developed machine learning models to quantify T1 time, a marker of interstitial fibrosis, in the liver, pancreas, heart and kidney among 43,881 UK Biobank participants who underwent magnetic resonance imaging. In phenome-wide association analyses, we demonstrate the association of increased organ-specific T1 time, reflecting increased interstitial fibrosis, with prevalent diseases across multiple organ systems. In genome-wide association analyses, we identified 27, 18, 11 and 10 independent genetic loci associated with liver, pancreas, myocardial and renal cortex T1 time, respectively. There was a modest genetic correlation between the examined organs. Several loci overlapped across the examined organs implicating genes involved in a myriad of biologic pathways including metal ion transport (SLC39A8, HFE and TMPRSS6), glucose metabolism (PCK2), blood group antigens (ABO and FUT2), immune function (BANK1 and PPP3CA), inflammation (NFKB1) and mitosis (CENPE). Finally, we found that an increasing number of organs with T1 time falling in the top quintile was associated with increased mortality in the population. Individuals with a high burden of fibrosis in ≥3 organs had a 3-fold increase in mortality compared to those with a low burden of fibrosis across all examined organs in multivariable-adjusted analysis (hazard ratio = 3.31, 95% confidence interval 1.77-6.19; P = 1.78 × 10-4). By leveraging machine learning to quantify T1 time across multiple organs at scale, we uncovered new organ-specific and shared biologic pathways underlying fibrosis that may provide therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nauffal
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Matthew C Hill
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle F Pace
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Di Achille
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Seung Hoan Choi
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joel T Rämö
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James P Pirruccello
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pulkit Singh
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shinwan Kany
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cody Hou
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kenney Ng
- Center for Computational Health, IBM Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anthony A Philippakis
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Eric and Wendy Schmidt Center, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Puneet Batra
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Mapping fibrosis pathways with MRI and genetic association analyses. Nat Med 2024; 30:1543-1544. [PMID: 38858524 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
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28
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V Yannas I. Unusual cell-cell cooperative mechanical activity elucidates the process of tissue regeneration. J Biomech 2024; 171:112174. [PMID: 38852483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We have studied wound contraction in three model wounds in animals: excised skin (guinea pig), transected peripheral nerve (rat) and the excised conjunctiva (rabbit). Wound contraction is driven by myofibroblasts bound together by adherens junctions (AJ) that confer cooperative activity to myofibroblasts during wound contraction and synthesis of scar. Grafting with the dermis regeneration template (DRT) cancels cell cooperativity by abolishing AJ connections in myofibroblasts, while also cancelling wound contraction, preventing synthesis of scar and inducing regeneration of excised tissues. The observed definitive prevention of scar synthesis suggests the exploration of DRT scaffolds to regenerate tissues in several other organs and to prevent fibrosis in humans.
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29
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Wegrzyniak O, Lechi F, Mitran B, Cheung P, Bitzios A, Persson J, Löfblom J, Nordström H, Eriksson J, Frejd FY, Korsgren O, Zhang B, Eriksson O. Non-invasive PET imaging of liver fibrogenesis using a RESCA-conjugated Affibody molecule. iScience 2024; 27:109688. [PMID: 38660405 PMCID: PMC11039342 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive assessment of fibrogenic activity, rather than fibrotic scars, could significantly improve the management of fibrotic diseases and the development of anti-fibrotic drugs. This study explores the potential of an Affibody molecule (Z09591) labeled with the Al(18)F-restrained complexing agent (RESCA) method as a tracer for the non-invasive detection of fibrogenic cells. Z09591 was functionalized with the RESCA chelator for direct labeling with [18F]AlF. In vivo positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging scans on U-87 tumor-bearing mice exhibited high selectivity of the resulting radiotracer, [18F]AlF-RESCA-Z09591, for platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), with minimal non-specific background uptake. Evaluation in a mouse model with carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrotic liver followed by a disease regression phase, revealed the radiotracer's high affinity and specificity for fibrogenic cells in fibrotic livers (standardized uptake value [SUV] 0.43 ± 0.05), with uptake decreasing during recovery (SUV 0.29 ± 0.03) (p < 0.0001). [18F]AlF-RESCA-Z09591 accurately detects PDGFRβ, offering non-invasive assessment of fibrogenic cells and promising applications in precise liver fibrogenesis diagnosis, potentially contributing significantly to anti-fibrotic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Wegrzyniak
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesco Lechi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Pierre Cheung
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Athanasios Bitzios
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Persson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Protein Science, Division of Protein Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, Division of Protein Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Nordström
- Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery & Development Platform, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- PET Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Y. Frejd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Affibody AB, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olof Eriksson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden
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30
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Casella V, Cebollada Rica P, Argilaguet J, Vidal E, González-Cao M, Güerri-Fernandez R, Bocharov G, Meyerhans A. Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy of Chronic Virus Infection Improves Virus Control without Augmenting Tissue Damage by Fibrosis. Viruses 2024; 16:799. [PMID: 38793680 PMCID: PMC11125757 DOI: 10.3390/v16050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, albeit commonly used against tumors, is still at its infancy against chronic virus infections. It relies on the reinvigoration of exhausted T lymphocytes to eliminate virus-infected cells. Since T cell exhaustion is a physiological process to reduce immunopathology, the reinvigoration of these cells might be associated with an augmentation of pathological changes. To test this possibility, we here analyzed in the model system of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-infected mice whether treatment with the checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD-L1 antibody would increase CD8 T cell-dependent fibrosis. We show that pre-existing spleen fibrosis did not worsen under conditions that increase CD8 T cell functionality and reduce virus loads suggesting that the CD8 T cell functionality increase remained below its pathogenicity threshold. These promising findings should further encourage immunotherapeutic trials against chronic virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Casella
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paula Cebollada Rica
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Argilaguet
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (E.V.)
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- WOAH Collaborating Centre for Emerging and Re-Emerging Pig Diseases in Europe, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Vidal
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (E.V.)
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- WOAH Collaborating Centre for Emerging and Re-Emerging Pig Diseases in Europe, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María González-Cao
- Instituto Oncologico Dr. Rosell, Hospital Quiron-Dexeus Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Roberto Güerri-Fernandez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital del Mar, Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Gennady Bocharov
- Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119635 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Huang L, Bon H, Maamra M, Holmes T, Atkinson J, Cain K, Kennedy J, Kettleborough C, Matthews D, Twomey B, Ni J, Song Z, Watson PF, Johnson TS. The effect of TG2-inhibitory monoclonal antibody zampilimab on tissue fibrosis in human in vitro and primate in vivo models of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298864. [PMID: 38753630 PMCID: PMC11098434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic remodeling is the primary driver of functional loss in chronic kidney disease, with no specific anti-fibrotic agent available for clinical use. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), a wound response enzyme that irreversibly crosslinks extracellular matrix proteins causing dysregulation of extracellular matrix turnover, is a well-characterized anti-fibrotic target in the kidney. We describe the humanization and characterization of two anti-TG2 monoclonal antibodies (zampilimab [hDC1/UCB7858] and BB7) that inhibit crosslinking by TG2 in human in vitro and rabbit/cynomolgus monkey in vivo models of chronic kidney disease. Determination of zampilimab half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against recombinant human TG2 was undertaken using the KxD assay and determination of dissociation constant (Kd) by surface plasmon resonance. Efficacy in vitro was established using a primary human renal epithelial cell model of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, to assess mature deposited extracellular matrix proteins. Proof of concept in vivo used a cynomolgus monkey unilateral ureteral obstruction model of chronic kidney disease. Zampilimab inhibited TG2 crosslinking transamidation activity with an IC50 of 0.25 nM and Kd of <50 pM. In cell culture, zampilimab inhibited extracellular TG2 activity (IC50 119 nM) and dramatically reduced transforming growth factor-β1-driven accumulation of multiple extracellular matrix proteins including collagens I, III, IV, V, and fibronectin. Intravenous administration of BB7 in rabbits resulted in a 68% reduction in fibrotic index at Day 25 post-unilateral ureteral obstruction. Weekly intravenous administration of zampilimab in cynomolgus monkeys with unilateral ureteral obstruction reduced fibrosis at 4 weeks by >50%, with no safety signals. Our data support the clinical investigation of zampilimab for the treatment of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Huang
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
- UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Helene Bon
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Mabrouka Maamra
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Holmes
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John Atkinson
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Katharine Cain
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
- UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Kennedy
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Matthews
- Drug Discovery Biology, LifeArc, Stevenage, United Kingdom
- Immunology and Ophthalmology, Mogrify Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Breda Twomey
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Ni
- Research and Development, Prisys Biotechnologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhizhan Song
- Research and Development, Prisys Biotechnologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Philip F. Watson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy S. Johnson
- Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
- UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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32
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Eckstein A, Welkoborsky HJ. [Interdisciplinary Management of Orbital Diseases]. Laryngorhinootologie 2024; 103:S43-S99. [PMID: 38697143 DOI: 10.1055/a-2216-8879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Diagnosis and therapy of orbital diseases is an interdisciplinary challenge, in which i.e. otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, radiologists, radiation therapists, maxillo-facial surgeons, endocrinologists, and pediatricians are involved. This review article describes frequent diseases which both, otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists are concerned with in interdisciplinary settings. In particular the inflammatory diseases of the orbit including orbital complications, autoimmunological diseases of the orbit including Grave´s orbitopathy, and primary and secondary tumors of the orbit are discussed. Beside describing the clinical characteristics and diagnostic steps the article focusses on the interdisciplinary therapy. The review is completed by the presentation of most important surgical approaches to the orbit, their indications and possible complications. The authors tried to highlight the relevant facts despite the shortness of the text.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H-J Welkoborsky
- Univ. Klinik für Augenheilkunde Universitätsmedizin Essen, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH
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33
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Al B, Traidl S, Holzscheck N, Freimooser S, Mießner H, Reuter H, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Werfel T, Seidel JA. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals 2D cytokine assay can model atopic dermatitis more accurately than immune-competent 3D setup. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15077. [PMID: 38711200 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Modelling atopic dermatitis (AD) in vitro is paramount to understand the disease pathophysiology and identify novel treatments. Previous studies have shown that the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 induce AD-like features in keratinocytes in vitro. However, it has not been systematically researched whether the addition of Th2 cells, their supernatants or a 3D structure is superior to model AD compared to simple 2D cell culture with cytokines. For the first time, we investigated what in vitro option most closely resembles the disease in vivo based on single-cell RNA sequencing data (scRNA-seq) obtained from skin biopsies in a clinical study and published datasets of healthy and AD donors. In vitro models were generated with primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes, subjected to cytokine treatment or Th2 cell cocultures in 2D/3D. Gene expression changes were assessed using qPCR and Multiplex Immunoassays. Of all cytokines tested, incubation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts with IL-4 and IL-13 induced the closest in vivo-like AD phenotype which was observed in the scRNA-seq data. Addition of Th2 cells to fibroblasts failed to model AD due to the downregulation of ECM-associated genes such as POSTN. While keratinocytes cultured in 3D showed better stratification than in 2D, changes induced with AD triggers did not better resemble AD keratinocyte subtypes observed in vivo. Taken together, our comprehensive study shows that the simple model using IL-4 or IL-13 in 2D most accurately models AD in fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro, which may aid the discovery of novel treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Al
- Discovery, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Traidl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Sina Freimooser
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Werfel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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34
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Raote I, Rosendahl AH, Häkkinen HM, Vibe C, Küçükaylak I, Sawant M, Keufgens L, Frommelt P, Halwas K, Broadbent K, Cunquero M, Castro G, Villemeur M, Nüchel J, Bornikoel A, Dam B, Zirmire RK, Kiran R, Carolis C, Andilla J, Loza-Alvarez P, Ruprecht V, Jamora C, Campelo F, Krüger M, Hammerschmidt M, Eckes B, Neundorf I, Krieg T, Malhotra V. TANGO1 inhibitors reduce collagen secretion and limit tissue scarring. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3302. [PMID: 38658535 PMCID: PMC11043333 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled secretion of ECM proteins, such as collagen, can lead to excessive scarring and fibrosis and compromise tissue function. Despite the widespread occurrence of fibrotic diseases and scarring, effective therapies are lacking. A promising approach would be to limit the amount of collagen released from hyperactive fibroblasts. We have designed membrane permeant peptide inhibitors that specifically target the primary interface between TANGO1 and cTAGE5, an interaction that is required for collagen export from endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES). Application of the peptide inhibitors leads to reduced TANGO1 and cTAGE5 protein levels and a corresponding inhibition in the secretion of several ECM components, including collagens. Peptide inhibitor treatment in zebrafish results in altered tissue architecture and reduced granulation tissue formation during cutaneous wound healing. The inhibitors reduce secretion of several ECM proteins, including collagens, fibrillin and fibronectin in human dermal fibroblasts and in cells obtained from patients with a generalized fibrotic disease (scleroderma). Taken together, targeted interference of the TANGO1-cTAGE5 binding interface could enable therapeutic modulation of ERES function in ECM hypersecretion, during wound healing and fibrotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishier Raote
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain.
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.
| | - Ann-Helen Rosendahl
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanna-Maria Häkkinen
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carina Vibe
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Barcelona, Dr. Aiguader 88, PRBB Building, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ismail Küçükaylak
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology, Biocenter Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mugdha Sawant
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Keufgens
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pia Frommelt
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Halwas
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology, Biocenter Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katrina Broadbent
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Cunquero
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Castro
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Villemeur
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Julian Nüchel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Bornikoel
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Binita Dam
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravindra K Zirmire
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Kiran
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Carlo Carolis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Andilla
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Loza-Alvarez
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verena Ruprecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg, Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Felix Campelo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Hammerschmidt
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology, Biocenter Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ines Neundorf
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vivek Malhotra
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- ICREA, Pg, Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
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35
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Noom A, Sawitzki B, Knaus P, Duda GN. A two-way street - cellular metabolism and myofibroblast contraction. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38570493 PMCID: PMC10991391 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterised by the high-energy consumption associated with myofibroblast contraction. Although myofibroblast contraction relies on ATP production, the role of cellular metabolism in myofibroblast contraction has not yet been elucidated. Studies have so far only focused on myofibroblast contraction regulators, such as integrin receptors, TGF-β and their shared transcription factor YAP/TAZ, in a fibroblast-myofibroblast transition setting. Additionally, the influence of the regulators on metabolism and vice versa have been described in this context. However, this has so far not yet been connected to myofibroblast contraction. This review focuses on the known and unknown of how cellular metabolism influences the processes leading to myofibroblast contraction and vice versa. We elucidate the signalling cascades responsible for myofibroblast contraction by looking at FMT regulators, mechanical cues, biochemical signalling, ECM properties and how they can influence and be influenced by cellular metabolism. By reviewing the existing knowledge on the link between cellular metabolism and the regulation of myofibroblast contraction, we aim to pinpoint gaps of knowledge and eventually help identify potential research targets to identify strategies that would allow switching tissue fibrosis towards tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Noom
- Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Berlin Institute of Health and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Center of Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Berlin Institute of Health and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Zhi X, Ren C, Li Q, Xi H, Li D, Chen Q, Lv X, Gao X, Wu X, Wang C, Jiang B, Mao Z, Jiang H, Liu K, Zhao X, Li Y. Therapeutic potential of Angelica sinensis in addressing organ fibrosis: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116429. [PMID: 38490157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis-related diseases (FRD) include conditions like myocardial fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and others. The impact of fibrosis can be severe, causing organ dysfunction, reduced functionality, and even organ failure, leading to significant health issues. Currently, there is a lack of effective modern anti-fibrosis drugs in clinical practice. However, Chinese medicine has a certain beneficial effect on the treatment of such diseases. Angelica sinensis, with its considerable medicinal value, has garnered attention for its anti-fibrosis properties in recent investigations. In the past few years, there has been a growing number of experimental inquiries into the impact of angelica polysaccharide (ASP), angelica water extract, angelica injection, and angelica compound preparation on fibrosis-associated ailments, piquing the interest of researchers. This paper aims to consolidate recent advances in the study of Angelica sinensis for the treatment of fibrosis-related disorders, offering insights for prospective investigations. Literature retrieval included core electronic databases, including Baidu Literature, CNKI, Google-Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. The applied search utilized specified keywords to extract relevant information on the pharmacological and phytochemical attributes of plants. The investigation revealed that Angelica sinensis has the potential to impede the advancement of fibrotic diseases by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses, and metabolism. ASP, Angelica sinensis extract, Angelica sinensis injection, and Angelica sinensis compound preparation were extensively examined and discussed. These constituents demonstrated significant anti-fibrosis activity. In essence, this review seeks to gain a profound understanding of the role of Angelica sinensis in treating fiber-related diseases. Organ fibrosis manifests in nearly all tissues and organs, posing a critical challenge to global public health due to its widespread occurrence, challenging early diagnosis, and unfavorable prognosis. Despite its prevalence, therapeutic options are limited, and their efficacy is constrained. Over the past few years, numerous studies have explored the protective effects of traditional Chinese medicine on organ fibrosis, with Angelica sinensis standing out as a multifunctional natural remedy. This paper provides a review of organ fibrosis pathogenesis and summarizes the recent two decades' progress in treating fibrosis in various organs such as the liver, lung, kidney, and heart. The review highlights the modulation of relevant signaling pathways through multiple targets and channels by the effective components of Angelica sinensis, whether used as a single medicine or in compound prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhi
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunzhen Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qianrong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huaqing Xi
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Qingyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingyang 745000, China
| | - Qilin Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinfang Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; The second hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhongnan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hugang Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinke Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yingdong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key clinical specialty of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Specialized Cardiovascular Laboratory National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Sharma VJ, Singh A, Grant JL, Raman J. Point-of-care diagnosis of tissue fibrosis: a review of advances in vibrational spectroscopy with machine learning. Pathology 2024; 56:313-321. [PMID: 38341306 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosing fibrosis, but its routine use is constrained by the need for additional stains, time, personnel and resources. Vibrational spectroscopy is a novel technique that offers an alternative atraumatic approach, with short scan times, while providing metabolic and morphological data. This review evaluates vibrational spectroscopy for the assessment of fibrosis, with a focus on point-of-care capabilities. OVID Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched using PRISMA guidelines for search terms including vibrational spectroscopy, human tissue and fibrosis. Studies were stratified based on imaging modality and tissue type. Outcomes recorded included tissue type, machine learning technique, metrics for accuracy and author conclusions. Systematic review yielded 420 articles, of which 14 were relevant. Ten of these articles considered mid-infrared spectroscopy, three dealt with Raman spectroscopy and one with near-infrared spectroscopy. The metrics for detecting fibrosis were Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.65-0.98; sensitivity from 76-100%; specificity from 90-99%; area under receiver operator curves from 0.83-0.98; and accuracy of 86-99%. Vibrational spectroscopy identified fibrosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms in bone, cirrhotic and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver, end-stage heart failure in cardiac tissue and following laser ablation for acne in skin. It also identified interstitial fibrosis as a predictor of early renal transplant rejection in renal tissue. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques can therefore accurately identify fibrosis in a range of human tissues. Emerging data show that it can be used to quantify, classify and provide data about the nature of fibrosis with a high degree of accuracy with potential scope for point-of-care use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun J Sharma
- Brian F. Buxton Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Department of Surgery (Austin Health), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Spectromix Laboratory, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Aashima Singh
- Department of Surgery (Austin Health), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | | | - Jaishankar Raman
- Brian F. Buxton Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Department of Surgery (Austin Health), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Spectromix Laboratory, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
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Chen C, Luo N, Dai F, Zhou W, Wu X, Zhang J. Advance in pathogenesis of sarcoidosis: Triggers and progression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27612. [PMID: 38486783 PMCID: PMC10938127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis, a multisystemic immune disease, significantly impacts patients' quality of life. The complexity and diversity of its pathogenesis, coupled with limited comprehensive research, had hampered both diagnosis and treatment, resulting in an unsatisfactory prognosis for many patients. In recent years, the research had made surprising progress in the triggers of sarcoidosis (genetic inheritance, infection and environmental factors) and the abnormal regulations on immunity during the formation of granuloma. This review consolidated the latest findings on sarcoidosis research, providing a systematic exploration of advanced studies on triggers, immune-related regulatory mechanisms, and clinical applications. By synthesizing previous discoveries, we aimed to offer valuable insights for future research directions and the development of clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
| | - Nanzhi Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
| | - Fuqiang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610097, China
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Almadori A, Butler PE. Scarring and Skin Fibrosis Reversal with Regenerative Surgery and Stem Cell Therapy. Cells 2024; 13:443. [PMID: 38474408 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin scarring and fibrosis affect millions of people worldwide, representing a serious clinical problem causing physical and psychological challenges for patients. Stem cell therapy and regenerative surgery represent a new area of treatment focused on promoting the body's natural ability to repair damaged tissue. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) represent an optimal choice for practical regenerative medicine due to their abundance, autologous tissue origin, non-immunogenicity, and ease of access with minimal morbidity for patients. This review of the literature explores the current body of evidence around the use of ASCs-based regenerative strategies for the treatment of scarring and skin fibrosis, exploring the different surgical approaches and their application in multiple fibrotic skin conditions. Human, animal, and in vitro studies demonstrate that ASCs present potentialities in modifying scar tissue and fibrosis by suppressing extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and promoting the degradation of their constituents. Through softening skin fibrosis, function and overall quality of life may be considerably enhanced in different patient cohorts presenting with scar-related symptoms. The use of stem cell therapies for skin scar repair and regeneration represents a paradigm shift, offering potential alternative therapeutic avenues for fibrosis, a condition that currently lacks a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Almadori
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College of London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
- The Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College of London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Peter Em Butler
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College of London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
- The Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College of London, London NW3 2QG, UK
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40
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Lloyd SM, He Y. Exploring Extracellular Matrix Crosslinking as a Therapeutic Approach to Fibrosis. Cells 2024; 13:438. [PMID: 38474402 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for tissues and regulatory signals for resident cells. ECM requires a careful balance between protein accumulation and degradation for homeostasis. Disruption of this balance can lead to pathological processes such as fibrosis in organs across the body. Post-translational crosslinking modifications to ECM proteins such as collagens alter ECM structure and function. Dysregulation of crosslinking enzymes as well as changes in crosslinking composition are prevalent in fibrosis. Because of the crucial roles these ECM crosslinking pathways play in disease, the enzymes that govern crosslinking events are being explored as therapeutic targets for fibrosis. Here, we review in depth the molecular mechanisms underlying ECM crosslinking, how ECM crosslinking contributes to fibrosis, and the therapeutic strategies being explored to target ECM crosslinking in fibrosis to restore normal tissue structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Lloyd
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Yupeng He
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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41
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VanSlyke JK, Boswell BA, Musil LS. Tonic ErbB signaling underlies TGFβ-induced activation of ERK and is required for lens cell epithelial to myofibroblast transition. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar35. [PMID: 38170570 PMCID: PMC10916858 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-07-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a major, but incompletely understood, component of many diseases. The most common vision-disrupting complication of cataract surgery involves differentiation of residual lens cells into myofibroblasts. In serum-free primary cultures of lens epithelial cells (DCDMLs), inhibitors of either ERK or of ErbB signaling prevent TGFβ from upregulating both early (fibronectin) and late (αSMA) markers of myofibroblast differentiation. TGFβ stimulates ERK in DCDMLs within 1.5 h. Kinase inhibitors of ErbBs, but not of several other growth factor receptors in lens cells, reduce phospho ERK to below basal levels in the absence or presence of TGFβ. This effect is attributable to constitutive ErbB activity playing a major role in regulating the basal levels pERK. Additional studies support a model in which TGFβ-generated reactive oxygen species serve to indirectly amplify ERK signaling downstream of tonically active ErbBs to mediate myofibroblast differentiation. ERK activity is in turn essential for expression of ErbB1 and ErbB2, major inducers of ERK signaling. By mechanistically linking TGFβ, ErbB, and ERK signaling to myofibroblast differentiation, our data elucidate a new role for ErbBs in fibrosis and reveal a novel mode by which TGFβ directs lens cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy K. VanSlyke
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Bruce A. Boswell
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Linda S. Musil
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
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Xiao Y, Vazquez-Padron RI, Martinez L, Singer HA, Woltmann D, Salman LH. Role of platelet factor 4 in arteriovenous fistula maturation failure: What do we know so far? J Vasc Access 2024; 25:390-406. [PMID: 35751379 PMCID: PMC9974241 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221085458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure remains unacceptably high despite continuous efforts on technique improvement and careful pre-surgery planning. In fact, half of all newly created AVFs are unable to be used for hemodialysis (HD) without a salvage procedure. While vascular stenosis in the venous limb of the access is the culprit, the underlying factors leading to vascular narrowing and AVF maturation failure are yet to be determined. We have recently demonstrated that AVF non-maturation is associated with post-operative medial fibrosis and fibrotic stenosis, and post-operative intimal hyperplasia (IH) exacerbates the situation. Multiple pathological processes and signaling pathways are underlying the stenotic remodeling of the AVF. Our group has recently indicated that a pro-inflammatory cytokine platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) is upregulated in veins that fail to mature after AVF creation. Platelet factor 4 is a fibrosis marker and can be detected in vascular stenosis tissue, suggesting that it may contribute to AVF maturation failure through stimulation of fibrosis and development of fibrotic stenosis. Here, we present an overview of the how PF4-mediated fibrosis determines AVF maturation failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laisel Martinez
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Woltmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Loay H Salman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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Brandt S, Bernhardt A, Häberer S, Wolters K, Gehringer F, Reichardt C, Krause A, Geffers R, Kahlfuß S, Jeron A, Bruder D, Lindquist JA, Isermann B, Mertens PR. Comparative Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury Models and Related Fibrogenic Responses: Convergence on Methylation Patterns Regulated by Cold Shock Protein. Cells 2024; 13:367. [PMID: 38474331 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix formation in solid organs, disrupting tissue architecture and function. The Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) regulates fibrosis-related genes (e.g., Col1a1, Mmp2, and Tgfβ1) and contributes significantly to disease progression. This study aims to identify fibrogenic signatures and the underlying signaling pathways modulated by YB-1. METHODS Transcriptomic changes associated with matrix gene patterns in human chronic kidney diseases and murine acute injury models were analyzed with a focus on known YB-1 targets. Ybx1-knockout mouse strains (Ybx1ΔRosaERT+TX and Ybx1ΔLysM) were subjected to various kidney injury models. Fibrosis patterns were characterized by histopathological staining, transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR, methylation analysis, zymography, and Western blotting. RESULTS Integrative transcriptomic analyses revealed that YB-1 is involved in several fibrogenic signatures related to the matrisome, the WNT, YAP/TAZ, and TGFß pathways, and regulates Klotho expression. Changes in the methylation status of the Klotho promoter by specific methyltransferases (DNMT) are linked to YB-1 expression, extending to other fibrogenic genes. Notably, kidney-resident cells play a significant role in YB-1-modulated fibrogenic signaling, whereas infiltrating myeloid immune cells have a minimal impact. CONCLUSIONS YB-1 emerges as a master regulator of fibrogenesis, guiding DNMT1 to fibrosis-related genes. This highlights YB-1 as a potential target for epigenetic therapies interfering in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Brandt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Bernhardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Häberer
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Wolters
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Gehringer
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Reichardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Krause
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sascha Kahlfuß
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jeron
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI-3), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Ng MTH, Borst R, Gacaferi H, Davidson S, Ackerman JE, Johnson PA, Machado CC, Reekie I, Attar M, Windell D, Kurowska-Stolarska M, MacDonald L, Alivernini S, Garvilles M, Jansen K, Bhalla A, Lee A, Charlesworth J, Chowdhury R, Klenerman P, Powell K, Hackstein CP, Furniss D, Rees J, Gilroy D, Coles M, Carr AJ, Sansom SN, Buckley CD, Dakin SG. A single cell atlas of frozen shoulder capsule identifies features associated with inflammatory fibrosis resolution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1394. [PMID: 38374174 PMCID: PMC10876649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Frozen shoulder is a spontaneously self-resolving chronic inflammatory fibrotic human disease, which distinguishes the condition from most fibrotic diseases that are progressive and irreversible. Using single-cell analysis, we identify pro-inflammatory MERTKlowCD48+ macrophages and MERTK + LYVE1 + MRC1+ macrophages enriched for negative regulators of inflammation which co-exist in frozen shoulder capsule tissues. Micro-cultures of patient-derived cells identify integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions between MERTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts, suggesting that matrix remodelling plays a role in frozen shoulder resolution. Cross-tissue analysis reveals a shared gene expression cassette between shoulder capsule MERTK+ macrophages and a respective population enriched in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients in disease remission, supporting the concept that MERTK+ macrophages mediate resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and spatial analysis of human foetal shoulder tissues identify MERTK + LYVE1 + MRC1+ macrophages and DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblast populations analogous to those in frozen shoulder, suggesting that the template to resolve fibrosis is established during shoulder development. Crosstalk between MerTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts could facilitate resolution of frozen shoulder, providing a basis for potential therapeutic resolution of persistent fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Caio C Machado
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucy MacDonald
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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45
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Kolanko E, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Silini AR, Czekaj P, Parolini O. The evolution of in vitro models of lung fibrosis: promising prospects for drug discovery. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230127. [PMID: 38232990 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0127-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a complex process, with unknown underlying mechanisms, involving various triggers, diseases and stimuli. Different cell types (epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages) interact dynamically through multiple signalling pathways, including biochemical/molecular and mechanical signals, such as stiffness, affecting cell function and differentiation. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common fibrosing interstitial lung disease (fILD), characterised by a notably high mortality. Unfortunately, effective treatments for advanced fILD, and especially IPF and non-IPF progressive fibrosing phenotype ILD, are still lacking. The development of pharmacological therapies faces challenges due to limited knowledge of fibrosis pathogenesis and the absence of pre-clinical models accurately representing the complex features of the disease. To address these challenges, new model systems have been developed to enhance the translatability of preclinical drug testing and bridge the gap to human clinical trials. The use of two- and three-dimensional in vitro cultures derived from healthy or diseased individuals allows for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for lung fibrosis. Additionally, microfluidics systems, which replicate the respiratory system's physiology ex vivo, offer promising opportunities for the development of effective therapies, especially for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Kolanko
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Papait
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Li XH, Huang P, Cheng HP, Zhou Y, Feng DD, Yue SJ, Han Y, Luo ZQ. NMDAR activation attenuates the protective effect of BM-MSCs on bleomycin-induced ALI via the COX-2/PGE 2 pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23723. [PMID: 38205313 PMCID: PMC10776937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) activation mediates glutamate (Glu) toxicity and involves bleomycin (BLM)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We have reported that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are NMDAR-regulated target cells, and NMDAR activation inhibits the protective effect of BM-MSCs on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but its effect on ALI remains unknown. Here, we found that Glu release was significantly elevated in plasma of mice at d 7 after intratracheally injected with BLM. BM-MSCs were pretreated with NMDA (the selective agonist of NMDAR) and transplanted into the recipient mice after the BLM challenge. BM-MSCs administration significantly alleviated the pathological changes, inflammatory response, myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde content in the damaged lungs, but NMDA-pretreated BM-MSCs did not ameliorate BLM-induced lung injury in vivo. Moreover, NMDA down-regulated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression instead of COX-1 expression in BM-MSCs in vitro. We also found that NMDAR1 expression was increased and COX-2 expression was decreased, but COX-1 expression was not changed in primary BM-MSCs of BLM-induced ALI mice. Further, the cultured supernatants of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-pretreated RAW264.7 macrophages were collected to detect inflammatory factors after co-culture with NMDA-pretreated BM-MSCs. The co-culture experiments showed that NMDA precondition inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of BM-MSCs on LPS-induced macrophage inflammation, and PGE2 could partially alleviate this inhibition. Our findings suggest that NMDAR activation attenuated the protective effect of BM-MSCs on BLM-induced ALI in vivo. NMDAR activation inhibited COX-2 expression and PGE2 secretion in BM-MSCs and weakened the anti-inflammatory effect of BM-MSCs on LPS-induced macrophage inflammation in vitro. In conclusion, NMDAR activation attenuates the protective effect of BM-MSCs on BLM-induced ALI via the COX-2/PGE2 pathway. Keywords: Acute Lung Injury, BM-MSCs, NMDA receptor, COX-1/2, PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Pu Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Health Management Center, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University, Changsha, 410018, China
| | - Hai-Peng Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Shao-Jie Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
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47
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Guo H, Yu R, Zhang H, Wang W. Cytokine, chemokine alterations and immune cell infiltration in Radiation-induced lung injury: Implications for prevention and management. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111263. [PMID: 38000232 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the primary treatments for thoracic malignancies, with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) emerging as its most prevalent complication. RILI encompasses early-stage radiation pneumonitis (RP) and the subsequent development of radiation pulmonary fibrosis (RPF). During radiation treatment, not only are tumor cells targeted, but normal tissue cells, including alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, also sustain damage. Within the lungs, ionizing radiation boosts the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species across various cell types. This elevation precipitates the release of cytokines and chemokines, coupled with the infiltration of inflammatory cells, culminating in the onset of RP. This pulmonary inflammatory response can persist, spanning a duration from several months to years, ultimately progressing to RPF. This review aims to explore the alterations in cytokine and chemokine release and the influx of immune cells post-ionizing radiation exposure in the lungs, offering insights for the prevention and management of RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianshui People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223400, China; Jiangsu Nursing Vocational and Technical College, Huai'an 223400, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wanpeng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianshui People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223400, China; Jiangsu Nursing Vocational and Technical College, Huai'an 223400, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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48
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Wang S, Mittal SK, Lee S, Herrera AE, Krauthammer M, Elbasiony E, Blanco T, Alemi H, Nakagawa H, Chauhan SK, Dana R, Dohlman TH. Effector T Cells Promote Fibrosis in Corneal Transplantation Failure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:40. [PMID: 38261311 PMCID: PMC10810018 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate whether fibrosis contributes to corneal transplant failure and to determine whether effector CD4+ T cells, the key immune cells in corneal transplant rejection, play a direct role in fibrosis formation. Methods Allogeneic corneal transplantation was performed in mice. Graft opacity was evaluated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and fibrosis was assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy. Expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in both accepted and failed grafts was assessed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Frequencies of graft-infiltrating CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages were assessed using flow cytometry. In vitro, MK/T-1 corneal fibroblasts were co-cultured with activated CD4+CD25- effector T cells isolated from corneal transplant recipient mice, and α-SMA expression was quantified by real-time PCR and ELISA. Neutralizing antibody was used to evaluate the role of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in promoting α-SMA expression. Results The majority of failed grafts demonstrated clinical signs of fibrosis which became most evident at week 6 after corneal transplantation. Failed grafts showed higher expression of α-SMA as compared to accepted grafts. Flow cytometry analysis showed a significant increase in CD4+ T cells in failed grafts compared to accepted grafts. Co-culture of activated CD4+CD25- effector T cells with corneal fibroblasts led to an increase in α-SMA expression by fibroblasts. Inhibition of IFN-γ in culture significantly suppressed this increase in α-SMA expression as compared to immunoglobulin G control. Conclusions Fibrosis contributes to graft opacity in corneal transplant failure and is mediated at least in part by effector CD4+ T cells via IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Wang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sharad K. Mittal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Seokjoo Lee
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Antonio Esquivel Herrera
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mark Krauthammer
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Elsayed Elbasiony
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tomas Blanco
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hamid Alemi
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hayate Nakagawa
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sunil K. Chauhan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Thomas H. Dohlman
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Southern BD, Li H, Mao H, Crish JF, Grove LM, Scheraga RG, Mansoor S, Reinhardt A, Abraham S, Deshpande G, Loui A, Ivanov AI, Rosenfeld SS, Bresnick AR, Olman MA. A novel mechanoeffector role of fibroblast S100A4 in myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105530. [PMID: 38072048 PMCID: PMC10789633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation mediates numerous fibrotic disorders, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We have previously demonstrated that non-muscle myosin II (NMII) is activated in response to fibrotic lung extracellular matrix, thereby mediating myofibroblast transdifferentiation. NMII-A is known to interact with the calcium-binding protein S100A4, but the mechanism by which S100A4 regulates fibrotic disorders is unclear. In this study, we show that fibroblast S100A4 is a calcium-dependent, mechanoeffector protein that is uniquely sensitive to pathophysiologic-range lung stiffness (8-25 kPa) and thereby mediates myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Re-expression of endogenous fibroblast S100A4 rescues the myofibroblastic phenotype in S100A4 KO fibroblasts. Analysis of NMII-A/actin dynamics reveals that S100A4 mediates the unraveling and redistribution of peripheral actomyosin to a central location, resulting in a contractile myofibroblast. Furthermore, S100A4 loss protects against murine in vivo pulmonary fibrosis, and S100A4 expression is dysregulated in IPF. Our data reveal a novel mechanosensor/effector role for endogenous fibroblast S100A4 in inducing cytoskeletal redistribution in fibrotic disorders such as IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Southern
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Haiyan Li
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hongxia Mao
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James F Crish
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa M Grove
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachel G Scheraga
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanaa Mansoor
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amanda Reinhardt
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Susamma Abraham
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gauravi Deshpande
- Lerner Research Institute Imaging Core, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Alicia Loui
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrei I Ivanov
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven S Rosenfeld
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Anne R Bresnick
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mitchell A Olman
- Lerner Research Institute Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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50
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Ghafouri‐Fard S, Askari A, Shoorei H, Seify M, Koohestanidehaghi Y, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Samsami M. Antioxidant therapy against TGF-β/SMAD pathway involved in organ fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18052. [PMID: 38041559 PMCID: PMC10826439 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis refers to excessive build-up of scar tissue and extracellular matrix components in different organs. In recent years, it has been revealed that different cytokines and chemokines, especially Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. It has been shown that TGF-β is upregulated in fibrotic tissues, and contributes to fibrosis by mediating pathways that are related to matrix preservation and fibroblasts differentiation. There is no doubt that antioxidants protect against different inflammatory conditions by reversing the effects of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur-based reactive elements. Oxidative stress has a direct impact on chronic inflammation, and as results, prolonged inflammation ultimately results in fibrosis. Different types of antioxidants, in the forms of vitamins, natural compounds or synthetic ones, have been proven to be beneficial in the protection against fibrotic conditions both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we reviewed the role of different compounds with antioxidant activity in induction or inhibition of TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway, with regard to different fibrotic conditions such as gastro-intestinal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, skin fibrosis, renal fibrosis and also some rare cases of fibrosis, both in animal models and cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri‐Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Arian Askari
- Phytochemistry Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad Seify
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences InstituteShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Yeganeh Koohestanidehaghi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences InstituteShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of PharmacyHawler Medical UniversityErbilIraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human GeneticsJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Urology and Nephrology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Loghman Hakim HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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