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Szabo A, Akkouh I, Osete JR, de Assis DR, Kondratskaya E, Hughes T, Ueland T, Andreassen OA, Djurovic S. NLRP3 inflammasome mediates astroglial dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses in schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2025; 124:144-156. [PMID: 39617069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates the involvement of neuroinflammation in the development of schizophrenia (SCZ), but the potential role of astroglia in this phenomenon remains poorly understood. We assessed the molecular and functional consequences of inflammasome activation using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes generated from SCZ patients and healthy controls (CTRL). Screening protein levels in astrocytes at baseline identified lower expression of the NLRP3-ASC complex in SCZ, but increased Caspase-1 activity upon specific NLRP3 stimulation compared to CTRL. Using transcriptional profiling, we found corresponding downregulations of NLRP3 and ASC/PYCARD in both iPSC-derived astrocytes, and in a large (n = 429) brain postmortem case-control sample. Functional analyses following NLRP3 activation revealed an inflammatory phenotype characterized by elevated production of IL-1β/IL-18 and skewed priming of helper T lymphocytes (Th1/Th17) by SCZ astrocytes. This phenotype was rescued by specific inhibition of NLRP3 activation, demonstrating its dependence on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Taken together, SCZ iPSC-astrocytes display unique, NLRP3-dependent inflammatory characteristics that are manifested via various cellular functions, as well as via dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Szabo
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ibrahim Akkouh
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jordi Requena Osete
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Denis Reis de Assis
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Kondratskaya
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Arshad S, Cameron B, Joglekar AV. Immunopeptidomics for autoimmunity: unlocking the chamber of immune secrets. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2025; 11:10. [PMID: 39833247 PMCID: PMC11747513 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
T cells mediate pathogenesis of several autoimmune disorders by recognizing self-epitopes presented on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) or Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) complex. The majority of autoantigens presented to T cells in various autoimmune disorders are not known, which has impeded autoantigen identification. Recent advances in immunopeptidomics have started to unravel the repertoire of antigenic epitopes presented on MHC. In several autoimmune diseases, immunopeptidomics has led to the identification of novel autoantigens and has enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms behind autoimmunity. Especially, immunopeptidomics has provided key evidence to explain the genetic risk posed by HLA alleles. In this review, we shed light on how immunopeptidomics can be leveraged to discover potential autoantigens. We highlight the application of immunopeptidomics in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Finally, we highlight the practical considerations of implementing immunopeptidomics successfully and the technical challenges that need to be addressed. Overall, this review will provide an important context for using immunopeptidomics for understanding autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Arshad
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Cameron
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alok V Joglekar
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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3
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Kramer M, Mele F, Jovic S, Fernandez BM, Jarrossay D, Low JS, Sokollik C, Filipowicz Sinnreich M, Ferrari-Lacraz S, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Lanzavecchia A, Cassotta A, Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli B, Sallusto F. Clonal analysis of SepSecS-specific B and T cells in autoimmune hepatitis. J Clin Invest 2025; 135:e183776. [PMID: 39817450 PMCID: PMC11735102 DOI: 10.1172/jci183776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare chronic inflammatory liver disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, including those targeting O-phosphoseryl-tRNA:selenocysteine-tRNA synthase (SepSecS), also known as soluble liver antigen (SLA). Anti-SepSecS antibodies have been associated with a more severe phenotype, suggesting a key role for the SepSecS autoantigen in AIH. To analyze the immune response to SepSecS in patients with AIH at the clonal level, we combined sensitive high-throughput screening assays with the isolation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and T cell clones. The anti-SepSecS mAbs isolated were primarily IgG1, affinity-matured compared with their germline versions, and recognized at least 3 nonoverlapping epitopes. SepSecS-specific CD4+ T cell clones were found in patients with AIH who were anti-SLA-positive and anti-SLA-negative,and, to a lesser extent, in patients with non-AIH liver diseases and in healthy individuals. SepSecS-specific T cell clones from patients with AIH produced IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10, targeted multiple SepSecS epitopes, and, in one patient, were clonally expanded in both blood and liver biopsy. Finally, SepSecS-specific B cell clones, but not those of unrelated specificities, were able to present soluble SepSecS to specific T cells. Collectively, our study provides the first detailed analysis of B and T cell repertoires targeting SepSecS in patients with AIH, offering a rationale for improved targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kramer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Federico Mele
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Jovic
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - David Jarrossay
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jun Siong Low
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Sokollik
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Filipowicz Sinnreich
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Basel University Medical Clinic, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Ferrari-Lacraz
- Transplant Immunology Unit & National Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Division of Nephrology, Department of Diagnostic, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgina Mieli-Vergani
- MowatLabs, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Vergani
- MowatLabs, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Epatocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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4
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Huang J, Wang S, Ji S, Wang S, Shi M, Zhang J, Shi Y, Luo Z, Jin Z, Jiang X, Li Q, Yang F, You J, Luo L. Vaccine Specifically for Immunocompromised Individuals against Superbugs. ACS NANO 2025. [PMID: 39792029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Immunocompromised populations, including cancer patients, elderly individuals, and those with chronic diseases, are the primary targets of superbugs. Traditional vaccines are less effective due to insufficient or impaired immune cells. Inspired by the "vanguard" effect of neutrophils (NE) during natural infection, this project leverages the ability of NE to initiate the NETosis program to recruit monocytes and DC cells, designing vaccines that can rapidly recruit immune cells and enhance the immune response. The PLGA microsphere vaccine platform (MSV) with a high level of safety contains whole-bacterial antigens both internally and externally, providing initial and booster effects through programmed distribution and release of antigens after a single injection. Experimental data indicate that immunizing mice with a mixture of MSV and NE induces the formation of spontaneous gel-like neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at the inoculation site. These NETs recruit immune cells and prevent the diffusion of vaccine components, thereby reducing damage from bacterial toxins and enhancing vaccine biosafety. This strategy shows excellent efficacy against MRSA-induced infections in not only healthy but also immunocompromised mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yitao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shenyu Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Meixing Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolei Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xindong Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingpo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Fuchun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 498, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 498, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, P. R. China
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5
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Jia W, Wu Y, Xie Y, Yu M, Chen Y. Advanced Polymeric Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy: Materials Engineering, Immunotherapeutic Mechanism and Clinical Translation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025:e2413603. [PMID: 39797474 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202413603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages immune system components to treat malignancies, has emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary therapeutic strategies. Yet, critical concerns about the efficacy and safety of cancer immunotherapies remain formidable. Nanotechnology, especially polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), offers unparalleled flexibility in manipulation-from the chemical composition and physical properties to the precision control of nanoassemblies. PNPs provide an optimal platform to amplify the potency and minimize systematic toxicity in a broad spectrum of immunotherapeutic modalities. In this comprehensive review, the basics of polymer chemistry, and state-of-the-art designs of PNPs from a physicochemical standpoint for cancer immunotherapy, encompassing therapeutic cancer vaccines, in situ vaccination, adoptive T-cell therapies, tumor-infiltrating immune cell-targeted therapies, therapeutic antibodies, and cytokine therapies are delineated. Each immunotherapy necessitates distinctively tailored design strategies in polymeric nanoplatforms. The extensive applications of PNPs, and investigation of their mechanisms of action for enhanced efficacy are particularly focused on. The safety profiles of PNPs and clinical research progress are discussed. Additionally, forthcoming developments and emergent trends of polymeric nano-immunotherapeutics poised to transform cancer treatment paradigms into clinics are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencong Jia
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai China, 200444, China
| | - Ye Wu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai China, 200444, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai China, 200444, China
| | - Meihua Yu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, China
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6
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Abdel Wadood N, Hollenhorst MI, Elhawy MI, Zhao N, Englisch C, Evers SB, Sabachvili M, Maxeiner S, Wyatt A, Herr C, Burkhart AK, Krause E, Yildiz D, Beckmann A, Kusumakshi S, Riethmacher D, Bischoff M, Iden S, Becker SL, Canning BJ, Flockerzi V, Gudermann T, Chubanov V, Bals R, Meier C, Boehm U, Krasteva-Christ G. Tracheal tuft cells release ATP and link innate to adaptive immunity in pneumonia. Nat Commun 2025; 16:584. [PMID: 39794305 PMCID: PMC11724094 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-55936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Tracheal tuft cells shape immune responses in the airways. While some of these effects have been attributed to differential release of either acetylcholine, leukotriene C4 and/or interleukin-25 depending on the activating stimuli, tuft cell-dependent mechanisms underlying the recruitment and activation of immune cells are incompletely understood. Here we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection activates mouse tuft cells, which release ATP via pannexin 1 channels. Taste signaling through the Trpm5 channel is essential for bacterial tuft cell activation and ATP release. We demonstrate that activated tuft cells recruit dendritic cells to the trachea and lung. ATP released by tuft cells initiates dendritic cell activation, phagocytosis and migration. Tuft cell stimulation also involves an adaptive immune response through recruitment of IL-17A secreting T helper cells. Collectively, the results provide a molecular framework defining tuft cell dependent regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses in the airways to combat bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noran Abdel Wadood
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Monika I Hollenhorst
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Clara Englisch
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Saskia B Evers
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mahana Sabachvili
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Maxeiner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Amanda Wyatt
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Burkhart
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Elmar Krause
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Yildiz
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anja Beckmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Soumya Kusumakshi
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Riethmacher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Iden
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sören L Becker
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Veit Flockerzi
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, a member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Vladimir Chubanov
- Walther-Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carola Meier
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Bu T, Yang Z, Zhao J, Gao Y, Li F, Yang R. Expanding the Potential of Circular RNA (CircRNA) Vaccines: A Promising Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:379. [PMID: 39796233 PMCID: PMC11722184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 12/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique structure and function, positioning them as promising candidates for next-generation vaccines. The circRNA vaccine, as an RNA vaccine, offers significant advantages in preventing infectious diseases by serving as a vector for protein expression through non-canonical translation. Notably, circRNA vaccines have demonstrated enduring antigenic expression and generate a larger percentage of neutralizing antibodies compared to mRNA vaccines administered at the same dosage. Furthermore, circRNA vaccines can elicit robust cellular and humoral immunity, indicating their potential for tumor vaccine development. However, certain challenges must be addressed to facilitate the widespread use of circRNA vaccines in both infectious disease prevention and tumor treatment. These challenges include the low efficiency of linear RNA circularization, the suboptimal targeting of delivery systems, and the assessment of potential side effects. This work aims to describe the characteristics and functions of circRNAs, elucidate the mechanism behind circRNA vaccines, and discuss their applications in the prevention of infectious diseases and the treatment of tumors, along with their potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.B.); (Z.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ziyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.B.); (Z.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.B.); (Z.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanmei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.B.); (Z.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Faxiang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Rong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.B.); (Z.Y.); (J.Z.); (Y.G.)
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8
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Liu S, Yang X, Zhao H, Zhao X, Fan K, Liu G, Li X, Du C, Liu J, Ma J. Cathepsin C exacerbates EAE by promoting the expansion of Tfh cells and the formation of TLSs in the CNS. Brain Behav Immun 2025; 123:123-142. [PMID: 39243987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mediated by CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, and characterized by immune cell infiltration, demyelination and neurodegeneration, with no definitive cure available. Thus, it is pivotal and imperative to acquire more profound comprehension of the underlying mechanisms implicated in MS. Dysregulated immune responses are widely believed to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of MS. Recently, a plethora of studies have demonstrated the involvement of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and tertiary lymphoid-like structures (TLSs) in the pathogenesis and progression of MS. Cathepsin C (CatC) is a cysteine exopeptidase which is crucial for the activation of immune-cell-associated serine proteinases in many inflammatory diseases in peripheral system, such as rheumatoid arthritis and septicemia. We have previously demonstrated that CatC is involved in neuroinflammation and exacerbates demyelination in both cuprizone-induced and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse models. However, the underlying immunopathological mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we established a recombinant myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptide-induced EAE model using conditional CatC overexpression mice to investigate the effects of CatC on the alteration of CD4+ Th subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh and T regulatory cells. Our findings demonstrated that CatC particularly enhanced the population of Tfh cell in the brain, resulting in the earlier onset and more severe chronic syndrome of EAE. Furthermore, CatC promoted the formation of TLSs in the brain, leading to persistent neuroinflammation and exacerbating the severity of EAE in the chronic phase. Conversely, treatment with AZD7986, a specific inhibitor of CatC, effectively attenuated the syndrome of EAE and its effects caused by CatC both in vivo and in vitro. These findings provide a novel insight into the critical role of CatC in innate and adaptive immunity in EAE, and specific inhibitor of CatC, AZD7986, may contribute to potential therapeutic strategies for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Department of Morphology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Henan Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Xinnan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Kai Fan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Cong Du
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Jianmei Ma
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
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9
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Zhao K, Sun Y, Zhong S, Luo JL. The multifaceted roles of cathepsins in immune and inflammatory responses: implications for cancer therapy, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. Biomark Res 2024; 12:165. [PMID: 39736788 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/01/2025] Open
Abstract
The cathepsin family comprises lysosomal proteases that play essential roles in various physiological processes, including protein degradation, antigen presentation, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling. Dysregulation of cathepsin activity has been linked to a variety of pathological conditions, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the functions of cathepsins is crucial for gaining insights into their roles in both health and disease, as well as for developing targeted therapeutic approaches. Emerging research underscores the significant involvement of cathepsins in immune cells, particularly T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, as well as their contribution to immune-related diseases. In this review, we systematically examine the impact of cathepsins on the immune system and their mechanistic roles in cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders, with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhao
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (USC), Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, USC, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yangqing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, China
| | - Shangwei Zhong
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (USC), Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, USC, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (USC), Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, USC, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, USC, Hengyang, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Pharmacological Research of Gastrointestinal Cancer, USC, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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10
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Xu T, Xu Q, Lu R, Oakland DN, Li S, Li L, Reilly CM, Luo XM. Application of deep learning models on single-cell RNA sequencing analysis uncovers novel markers of double negative T cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:31158. [PMID: 39732739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Double negative T (DNT) cells are a unique subset of CD3 + TCRαβ + T lymphocytes that lack CD4, CD8, or NK1.1 expression and constitute 3-5% of the total T cell population in C57BL/6 mice. They have increasingly gained recognition for their novel roles in the immune system, especially under autoimmune conditions. Conventional machine learning approaches such as principal component analysis have been employed in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to characterize DNT cells. However, advanced deep learning models such as Single Cell Variational Inference (scVI) have the capability to capture nonlinear gene expression patterns in the sequencing data. In this study, employing the deep learning methodology, we have revealed novel markers for splenic DNT cells in C57BL/6 mice which were validated with flow cytometry analysis. We classified DNT cells into two subgroups, naïve DNT (nDNT) cells differentiated by the expression of Ly6C and activated DNT (aDNT) cells differentiated by the expression of MHC-II. A prior study had predicted elevated expression of CD137/4-1BB encoded by Tnfrsf9 in nDNT cells; however, our analysis predicted and validated that CD137 was a marker for aDNT cells instead of nDNT cells. Innovatively, our data also identified CD30 encoded by Tnfrsf8 and CD153/CD30L encoded by Tnfsf8 as additional markers for aDNT cells. In addition, we classified three subgroups in nDNT cells and two subgroups in aDNT cells. Our scVI analysis suggested, and flow cytometry analysis confirmed, that Ly49G2 encoded by Slamf7 was a marker for the nDNT0 subgroup. Importantly, we validated that MHC-II was indeed expressed by a subset of human DNT cells suggesting the presence of a human aDNT population. Furthermore, we found increased expression of CD30, CD153, and CD137 on aDNT cells in MRL/lpr mice compared to those in C57BL/6 mice suggesting potential pathogenic roles of these molecules in autoimmunity. Together, our comprehensive analysis has uncovered and validated novel markers for different subpopulations of DNT cells that can be used in the phenotypic and/or functional characterization of these relatively rare cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - David N Oakland
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Song Li
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Christopher M Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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11
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Madeira MM, Hage Z, Kokkosis AG, Nnah K, Guzman R, Schappell LE, Koliatsis D, Resutov E, Nadkarni NA, Rahme GJ, Tsirka SE. Oligodendroglia Are Primed for Antigen Presentation in Response to Chronic Stress-Induced Microglial-Derived Inflammation. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39719686 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a major contributor to the development of major depressive disorder, one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Using a model of repeated social defeat stress in mice, we and others have reported that neuroinflammation plays a dynamic role in the development of behavioral deficits consistent with social avoidance and impaired reward responses. Animals susceptible to the model also exhibit hypomyelination in the medial prefrontal cortex, indicative of changes in the differentiation pathway of cells of the oligodendroglial lineage (OLN). We computationally confirmed the presence of immune oligodendrocytes, a population of OLN cells, which express immune markers and myelination deficits. In the current study, we report that microglia are necessary to induce expression of antigen presentation markers (and other immune markers) on oligodendroglia. We further associate the appearance of these markers with changes in the OLN and confirm that microglial changes precede OLN changes. Using co-cultures of microglia and OLN, we show that under inflammatory conditions the processes of phagocytosis and expression of MHCII are linked, suggesting potential priming for antigen presentation by OLN cells. Our findings provide insights into the nature of these OLN cells with immune capabilities, their obligatory interaction with microglia, and identify them as a potential cellular contributor to the pathological manifestations of psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M Madeira
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Scholars in Biomedical Sciences Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Zachary Hage
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Scholars in Biomedical Sciences Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Alexandros G Kokkosis
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Scholars in Biomedical Sciences Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kimberly Nnah
- Scholars in Biomedical Sciences Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Ryan Guzman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Laurel E Schappell
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Dimitris Koliatsis
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Emran Resutov
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Neil A Nadkarni
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Gilbert J Rahme
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Scholars in Biomedical Sciences Program, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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12
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Zhang L, Wang H, Wang Z, Xu J, Wang M, Wang W, He Q, Yu Y, Yuan D, Bu G, Qiu R, Long J. Resveratrol promotes cholesterol efflux from dendritic cells and controls costimulation and T-cell activation in high-fat and lipopolysaccharide-driven atherosclerotic mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1450898. [PMID: 39759494 PMCID: PMC11695297 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1450898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol aggregation in dendritic cells (DCs) triggers an inflammatory response and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Resveratrol (RES), a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and cholesterol metabolism regulatory properties, has been shown to influence the maturation and inflammatory functions of DCs. However, its relationship with cholesterol metabolism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the roles of RES in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory behaviors of DCs in the context of AS. We analyzed the effect of RES on cholesterol efflux from ApoE-/- bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and cholesterol efflux assays; identified the inflammatory status of RES-treated BMDCs and co-cultured T cells using flow cytometry and ELISA; confirmed the effect of RES on blood lipids, atherosclerotic lesions, cholesterol metabolism, and inflammatory response in high-fat diet and lipopolysaccharide-treated ApoE-/- mice; and explored the potential targets of RES in regulating inflammatory behavior via molecular docking. The results revealed that RES promotes cholesterol efflux, increases the expression of efflux transporter ABCA1, and decreases liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) expression in response to a decrease in intracellular cholesterol in ApoE-/- BMDCs. RES also reduced MHC-II+ cells and downregulated costimulatory molecule CD80 in BMDCs with decreased IL-6 and increased IL-2 production, and suppressed T-cell activation and modulates IL-22 and IL-10 secretion via BMDCs. Furthermore, we confirmed that RES relieves arterial lesions and regulates blood lipids in ApoE-/- mice. RES demonstrated ABCA1 upregulation and LXRα downregulation effects in the aorta and regulated costimulation molecules and Th17/Treg cytokines in the spleen. Furthermore, RES showed multiple hydrogen bonding and low binding energy with ABCA1, suggesting that ABCA1 is a potential target of RES to modulate the inflammatory properties of BMDCs. Our study demonstrated that RES regulates cholesterol efflux and inflammatory behavior in BMDCs, contributing to the control of AS progression and offering new insights for managing inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zishan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianyi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiongshan He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guirong Bu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Huishan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runze Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Long
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Mallajosyula V, Chakraborty S, Sola E, Fong RF, Shankar V, Gao F, Burrell AR, Gupta N, Wagar LE, Mischel PS, Capasso R, Staat MA, Chien YH, Dekker CL, Wang TT, Davis MM. Coupling antigens from multiple subtypes of influenza can broaden antibody and T cell responses. Science 2024; 386:1389-1395. [PMID: 39700292 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
The seasonal influenza vaccine contains strains of viruses from distinct subtypes that are grown independently and then combined. However, most individuals exhibit a more robust response to one of these strains and thus are vulnerable to infection by others. By studying a monozygotic twin cohort, we found that although prior exposure is a factor, host genetics are a stronger driver of subtype bias to influenza viral strains. We found that covalent coupling of heterologous hemagglutinin (HA) from different viral strains could largely eliminate subtype bias in an animal model and in a human tonsil organoid system. We proposed that coupling of heterologous antigens improves antibody responses across influenza strains by broadening T cell help, and we found that using this approach substantially improved the antibody response to avian influenza HA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibody Formation/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Influenza A virus/immunology
- Influenza A virus/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Palatine Tonsil/immunology
- Palatine Tonsil/virology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Organoids/immunology
- Organoids/virology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsee Mallajosyula
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Saborni Chakraborty
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elsa Sola
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Furuichi Fong
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vishnu Shankar
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Allison R Burrell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Neha Gupta
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa E Wagar
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robson Capasso
- Division of Sleep Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary A Staat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yueh-Hsiu Chien
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cornelia L Dekker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Taia T Wang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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14
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Du H, Liu J, Jude KM, Yang X, Li Y, Bell B, Yang H, Kassardjian A, Blackson W, Mobedi A, Parekh U, Parra Sperberg RA, Julien JP, Mellins ED, Garcia KC, Huang PS. A general system for targeting MHC class II-antigen complex via a single adaptable loop. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02466-y. [PMID: 39672953 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) bound to a peptide antigen mediates interactions between CD4+ T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Targeting peptide-MHCII with T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) and TCR-like antibodies has shown promise for autoimmune diseases and microbiome tolerance. To develop a general targeting approach, we introduce targeted recognition of antigen-MHC complex reporter for MHCII (TRACeR-II) for the rapid development of peptide-specific MHCII binders. TRACeR-II binders have a small helical bundle scaffold and use a single loop to recognize peptide-MHCII, which offers versatility and enables structural modeling of the interactions to target MHCII antigens. We demonstrate rapid generation of TRACeR-II binders to multiple molecules with affinities in the low-nanomolar to low-micromolar range, comparable to best-in-class TCRs and antibodies. Through computational protein design, we created specific binding sequences in silico from only the sequence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 peptide. TRACeR-II provides a straightforward approach to target antigen-MHCII without relying on combinatorial selection on complementarity-determining region loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Du
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jingjia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xinbo Yang
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Human Gene Therapy and Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Braxton Bell
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hongli Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Audrey Kassardjian
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wyatt Blackson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ali Mobedi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Udit Parekh
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth D Mellins
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Human Gene Therapy and Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Po-Ssu Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Afify R, Lipsius K, Wyatt-Johnson SJ, Brutkiewicz RR. Myeloid antigen-presenting cells in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on classical and non-classical MHC molecules. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1488382. [PMID: 39720231 PMCID: PMC11667120 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1488382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing evidence has highlighted the critical role of myeloid cells, specifically those that present antigen (APCs) in health and disease. These shape the progression and development of neurodegenerative disorders, where considerable interplay between the immune system and neurons influences the course of disease pathogenesis. Antigen-presenting myeloid cells display different classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC-like proteins on their surface for presenting various types of antigens to a wide variety of T cells. While most studies focus on the role of myeloid MHC class I and II molecules in health and disease, there is still much that remains unknown about non-polymorphic MHC-like molecules such as CD1d and MR1. Thus, in this review, we will summarize the recent findings regarding the contributions of both classical and non-classical MHC molecules, particularly on myeloid microglial APCs, in neurodegenerative diseases. This will offer a better understanding of altered mechanisms that may pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting immune cell-MHC interactions, to mitigate neurodegeneration and its associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Randy R. Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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16
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Shi H, Medler D, Wang J, Browning R, Liu A, Schneider S, Duran Bojorquez C, Kumar A, Li X, Quan J, Ludwig S, Moresco JJ, Xing C, Moresco EMY, Beutler B. Suppression of melanoma by mice lacking MHC-II: Mechanisms and implications for cancer immunotherapy. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240797. [PMID: 39470607 PMCID: PMC11528124 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors interfere with T cell exhaustion but often fail to cure or control cancer long-term in patients. Using a genetic screen in C57BL/6J mice, we discovered a mutation in host H2-Aa that caused strong immune-mediated resistance to mouse melanomas. H2-Aa encodes an MHC class II α chain, and its absence in C57BL/6J mice eliminates all MHC-II expression. H2-Aa deficiency, specifically in dendritic cells (DC), led to a quantitative increase in type 2 conventional DC (cDC2) and a decrease in cDC1. H2-Aa-deficient cDC2, but not cDC1, were essential for melanoma suppression and effectively cross-primed and recruited CD8 T cells into tumors. Lack of T regulatory cells, also observed in H2-Aa deficiency, contributed to melanoma suppression. Acute disruption of H2-Aa was therapeutic in melanoma-bearing mice, particularly when combined with checkpoint inhibition, which had no therapeutic effect by itself. Our findings suggest that inhibiting MHC-II may be an effective immunotherapeutic approach to enhance immune responses to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexin Shi
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dawson Medler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Browning
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aijie Liu
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sara Schneider
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Duran Bojorquez
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jiexia Quan
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sara Ludwig
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - James J. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eva Marie Y. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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17
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Yu J, Shang C, Deng X, Jia J, Shang X, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Zhang R, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu H, Liu WJ, Li H, Cao B. Time-resolved scRNA-seq reveals transcription dynamics of polarized macrophages with influenza A virus infection and antigen presentation to T cells. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2387450. [PMID: 39129565 PMCID: PMC11370681 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2387450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Throughout history, the influenza A virus has caused numerous devastating global pandemics. Macrophages, as pivotal innate immune cells, exhibit a wide range of immune functions characterized by distinct polarization states, reflecting their intricate heterogeneity. In this study, we employed the time-resolved single-cell sequencing technique coupled with metabolic RNA labelling to elucidate the dynamic transcriptional changes in distinct polarized states of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) upon infection with the influenza A virus. Our approach not only captures the temporal dimension of transcriptional activity, which is lacking in conventional scRNA-seq methods, but also reveals that M2-polarized Arg1_macrophage cluster is the sole state supporting successful replication of influenza A virus. Furthermore, we identified distinct antigen presentation capabilities to CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells across diverse polarized states of macrophages. Notably, the M1 phenotype, exhibited by (BMDMs) and murine alveolar macrophages (AMs), demonstrated superior conventional and cross-presentation abilities for exogenous antigens, with a particular emphasis on cross-presentation capacity. Additionally, as CD8+ T cell differentiation progressed, M1 polarization exhibited an enhanced capacity for cross-presentation. All three phenotypes of BMDMs, including M1, demonstrated robust presentation to CD4+ regulatory T cells, while displaying limited ability to present to naive CD4+ T cells. These findings offer novel insights into the immunological regulatory mechanisms governing distinct polarized states of macrophages, particularly their roles in restricting the replication of influenza A virus and modulating antigen-specific T cell responses through innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congcong Shang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- THU-PKU Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ju Jia
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Shang
- THU-PKU Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyi Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongling Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yeming Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - William J. Liu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Chakraborty C, Saha S, Bhattacharya M. Recent Advances in Immunological Landscape and Immunotherapeutic Agent of Nipah Virus Infection. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:3053-3069. [PMID: 39052192 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01424-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the Nipah virus (NiV) emerged as a highly lethal zoonotic pathogen to humans. Outbreaks occurred occasionally in South and Southeast Asia. Therefore, a safe and effective vaccine against the virus is needed to fight against the deadly virus. Understanding the immunological landscape during this lethal virus infection is necessary in this direction. However, we found scattered information on the immunological landscape of the virus's reservoir, as well as hosts such as humans and livestock. The review provides a recent understanding of the immunological landscape of the virus's reservoir, human hosts, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines for NiV infection. To describe the immunological landscape, we divided our review article into some points. Firstly, we illustrated bats' immune response as a reservoir during the NiV infection. Secondly, we illustrated an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response to the NiV infection, various immune cells, humans' innate immune response, adaptive immunity, and the landscape of cytokines and chemokines. We also discussed INF escape, NET evasion, the T cell landscape, and the B cell landscape during virus infection. Thirdly, we also demonstrated the potential monoclonal antibody therapeutics, and vaccines. Finally, neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) of NiV and potentially other therapeutic strategies were discussed. The review will help researchers for better understanding the immunological landscape, mAbs, and vaccines, enabling them to develop their next-generation versions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India.
| | - Sagnik Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756020, Odisha, India
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19
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Schwab AD, Wyatt TA, Nelson AJ, Gleason A, Gaurav R, Romberger DJ, Poole JA. Lung-delivered IL-10 therapy elicits beneficial effects via immune modulation in organic dust exposure-induced lung inflammation. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2332172. [PMID: 38563602 PMCID: PMC11137733 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2024.2332172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficacious therapeutic options capable of resolving inflammatory lung disease associated with environmental and occupational exposures are lacking. This study sought to determine the preclinical therapeutic potential of lung-delivered recombinant interleukin (IL)-10 therapy following acute organic dust exposure in mice. Here, C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally instilled with swine confinement organic dust extract (ODE) (12.5%, 25%, 50% concentrations) with IL-10 (1 μg) treatment or vehicle control intratracheally-administered three times: 5 hr post-exposure and then daily for 2 days. The results showed that IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%)-induced weight loss by 66% and 46% at Day 1 and Day 2 post-exposure, respectively. IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%, 50%)-induced lung levels of TNFα (-76%, -83% [reduction], respectively), neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 (-51%, -60%), and lavage fluid IL-6 (-84%, -89%). IL-10 treatment reduced ODE (25%, 50%)-induced lung neutrophils (-49%, -70%) and recruited CD11cintCD11b+ monocyte-macrophages (-49%, -70%). IL-10 therapy reduced ODE-associated expression of antigen presentation (MHC Class II, CD80, CD86) and inflammatory (Ly6C) markers and increased anti-inflammatory CD206 expression on CD11cintCD11b+ cells. ODE (12.5%, 25%)-induced lung pathology was also reduced with IL-10 therapy. In conclusion, the studies here showed that short-term, lung-delivered IL-10 treatment induced a beneficial response in reducing inflammatory consequences (that were also associated with striking reduction in recruited monocyte-macrophages) following acute complex organic dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Schwab
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Angela Gleason
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Rohit Gaurav
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jill A. Poole
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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20
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Rane G, Kuan VLS, Wang S, Mok MMH, Khanchandani V, Hansen J, Norvaisaite I, Zulkaflee N, Yong WK, Jahn A, Mukundan VT, Shi Y, Osato M, Li F, Kappei D. ZBTB48 is a priming factor regulating B-cell-specific CIITA expression. EMBO J 2024; 43:6236-6263. [PMID: 39562739 PMCID: PMC11649694 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The class-II transactivator (CIITA) is the master regulator of MHC class-II gene expression and hence the adaptive immune response. Three cell type-specific promoters (pI, pIII, and pIV) are involved in the regulation of CIITA expression, which can be induced by IFN-γ in non-immune cells. While key regulatory elements have been identified within these promoters, our understanding of the transcription factors regulating CIITA expression is incomplete. Here, we demonstrate that the telomere-binding protein and transcriptional activator ZBTB48 directly binds to both critical activating elements within the B-cell-specific promoter CIITA pIII. ZBTB48 knockout impedes the CIITA/MHC-II expression program induced in non-APC cells by IFN-γ, and loss of ZBTB48 in mice silences MHC-II expression in pro-B and immature B cells. Transcriptional regulation of CIITA by ZBTB48 is enabled by ZBTB48-dependent chromatin opening at CIITA pIII upstream of activating H3K4me3 marks. We conclude that ZBTB48 primes CIITA pIII by acting as a molecular on-off-switch for B-cell-specific CIITA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grishma Rane
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivian L S Kuan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suman Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Michelle Meng Huang Mok
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vartika Khanchandani
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julia Hansen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ieva Norvaisaite
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Naasyidah Zulkaflee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Khang Yong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arne Jahn
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- ERN-GENTURIS, Hereditary Cancer Syndrome Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vineeth T Mukundan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yunyu Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fudong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dennis Kappei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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21
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Ma C, Chen J, Ji J, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Wang J, Chen T, Chen H, Chen Z, Zhou Q, Hou C, Ke Y. Therapeutic modulation of APP-CD74 axis can activate phagocytosis of TAMs in GBM. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167449. [PMID: 39111632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the most lethal central nervous system cancer with poor survival and few targeted therapies. The GBM tumor microenvironment is complex and closely associated with outcomes. Here, we analyzed the cell-cell communication within the microenvironment and found the high level of cell communication between GBM tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We found that the amyloid protein precursor (APP)-CD74 axis displayed the highest levels of communication between GBM tumor cells and TAMs, and that APP and CD74 expression levels were significantly corelated with poorer patient outcomes. We showed that the expression of APP on the surface of GBM inhibited phagocytosis of TAMs through the binding of APP to the CD74/CXCR4 cell surface receptor complex. We further demonstrated that disrupting the APP-CD74 axis could upregulated the phagocytosis of TAMs in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we demonstrated that APP promotes the phosphorylation of SHP-1 by binding to CD74. Together, our findings revealed that the APP-CD74 axis was a highly expressed anti-phagocytic signaling pathway that may be a potential immunotherapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Ma
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jingsen Ji
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yaofeng Zheng
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jihui Wang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Taoliang Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Huajian Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Quanwei Zhou
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Chongxian Hou
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Yiquan Ke
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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22
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Xing C, Zhang J, Li P, Yuan J, Li G, Yan W. Analysis of Microheterogeneous Glutelin Subunits and Highly Efficient Identification of Selenylation Peptides by In-Gel Proteolysis: Focus on Se-Enriched Rice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:26572-26585. [PMID: 39539184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c07762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Selenylation of cysteine and methionine thiols through selenate supplements increases the content of selenium-containing amino acids in various agricultural products. This modification results in numerous biological and health benefits. Despite their critical roles in human physiology, methods for high-coverage and efficient identification of selenylation peptides are limited. This study systematically developed a mass spectrometric method to identify selenylation peptides combined with in-gel trypsin proteolysis. In-gel proteolysis identified the two well-separated bands containing rice glutelin. We identified 11 rice glutelin subunits along with 42 selenylation peptides from the glutelin acidic subunits and 30 selenylation peptides from the glutelin basic subunits with high confidence. A comprehensive evaluation disclosed the mapping of selenium-containing rice glutelin subunits. Additionally, the selenylation modification of peptides coexisted with oxidation and iodoacetamide (IAM) alkylation. Moreover, the multidimensional MS criteria validated the results, while spectral statistics revealed the veritable Se/S substitution degree in Se-enriched rice. These findings collectively demonstrated the presence of numerous selenation sites in microheterogeneous glutelin subunits, thereby enhancing our understanding of the seleno-peptidomics of rice proteins. As significant bioactive organic compounds, the identified peptides in this study are promising candidates for a variety of bioactivities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Xing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanglei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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23
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Chen P, Li S, Nagaoka K, Kakimi K, Kataoka K, Cabral H. Nanoenabled IL-15 Superagonist via Conditionally Stabilized Protein-Protein Interactions Eradicates Solid Tumors by Precise Immunomodulation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:32431-32444. [PMID: 39356776 PMCID: PMC11613988 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Protein complexes are crucial structures that control many biological processes. Harnessing these structures could be valuable for therapeutic therapy. However, their instability and short lifespans need to be addressed for effective use. Here, we propose an innovative approach based on a functional polymeric cloak that coordinately anchors different domains of protein complexes and assembles them into a stabilized nanoformulation. As the polymer-protein association in the cloak is pH sensitive, the nanoformulation also allows targeting the release of the protein complexes to the acidic microenvironment of tumors for aiding their therapeutic performance. Building on this strategy, we developed an IL-15 nanosuperagonist (Nano-SA) by encapsulating the interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-15 Receptor α (IL-15Rα) complex (IL-15cx) for fostering synergistic transpresentation in tumors. Upon intravenous administration, Nano-SA stably circulated in the bloodstream, safeguarding the integrity of IL-15cx until reaching the tumor site, where it selectively released the active complex. Thus, Nano-SA significantly amplified the antitumor immune signals while diminishing systemic off-target effects. In murine colon cancer models, Nano-SA achieved potent immunotherapeutic effects, eradicating tumors without adverse side effects. These findings highlight the transformative potential of nanotechnology for advancing protein complex-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwen Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shangwei Li
- Department
of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Koji Nagaoka
- Department
of Immunotherapeutics, The University of
Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1
Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kakimi
- Department
of Immunotherapeutics, The University of
Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1
Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation
Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki
Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department
of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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24
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de Groot N, van der Wiel M, Le NG, de Groot NG, Bruijnesteijn J, Bontrop RE. Unraveling the architecture of major histocompatibility complex class II haplotypes in rhesus macaques. Genome Res 2024; 34:1811-1824. [PMID: 39443153 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278968.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
The regions in the genome that encode components of the immune system are often featured by polymorphism, copy number variation, and segmental duplications. There is a need to thoroughly characterize these complex regions to gain insight into the impact of genomic diversity on health and disease. Here we resolve the organization of complete major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II regions in rhesus macaques by using a long-read sequencing strategy (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) in concert with adaptive sampling. In particular, the expansion and contraction of the primate DRB-region appear to be a dynamic process that involves the rearrangement of different cassettes of paralogous genes. These chromosomal recombination events are propagated by a conserved pseudogene, DRB6, which features the integration of two retroviral elements. In contrast, the DRA locus appears to be protected from rearrangements, which may be owing to the presence of an adjacently located truncated gene segment, DRB9 With our sequencing strategy, the annotation, evolutionary conservation, and potential function of pseudogenes can be reassessed, an aspect that was neglected by most genome studies in primates. Furthermore, our approach facilitates the characterization and refinement of an animal model essential to study human biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanine de Groot
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Marit van der Wiel
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Ngoc Giang Le
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja G de Groot
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - Jesse Bruijnesteijn
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands;
| | - Ronald E Bontrop
- Department of Comparative Genetics and Refinement, BPRC, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, the Netherlands
- Department of Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
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25
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Ke J, Huang S, He Z, Lei S, Lin S, Duan M. Integrated bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation for exploring the key immune checkpoint of COPD. Gene 2024; 927:148711. [PMID: 38906393 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence indicating immune inflammation is a key factor in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Immune checkpoints (ICs) are crucial targets for modulating the functional activation and differentiation of immune cells, particularly in relation to immune inflammation and the regulation of T cell activation and exhaustion. However, the precise mechanisms of ICs in COPD remain understood. METHODS COPD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using GEO2R and Limma to identify differentially expressed genes. LASSO regression was then applied to screen ICs closely associated with COPD. Finally, target genes were selected based on gene expression profiles. Gene ontology (GO), immune infiltration analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were utilized to assess the relationship between IC genes (ICGs) and immune cells. Subsequently, tobacco-exposed mice, anti-Tim3-treated mice, and HAVCR2-knockout mice were generated, with flow cytometry being used to confirm the results. RESULTS Through the analysis of GSE38974 and LASSO regression, five ICGs were identified. Subsequent validation using GSE20257 and GSE76925 confirmed these findings. Gene expression profiling highlighted HAVCR2 as having the strongest correlation with COPD. Further investigation through immune infiltration analysis, GO, and GSEA indicated a link between HAVCR2 and CD8+ T cells in COPD. Flow cytometry experiments demonstrated high Tim3 expression in CD8+ T cells of mice exposed to tobacco, promoting Tc1 and inhibiting Tc17, thus affecting CD8+ Tem activation and CD8+ Tcm formation, leading to an immune imbalance within CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION Prolonged exposure to tobacco upregulates Tim3 in CD8+ T cells, triggering its regulatory effects on Tc1/Tc17. Knocking out HAVCR2 further upregulated the expression of CD8+ Tem while suppressing the expression of CD8+ Tcm, indicating that Tim3 plays a role in the activation and differentiation of CD8+ T cells in the context of tobacco exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ke
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Siyu Lei
- Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shiya Lin
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Minchao Duan
- Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Afeyan AB, Wu CJ, Oliveira G. Rapid parallel reconstruction and specificity screening of hundreds of T cell receptors. Nat Protoc 2024:10.1038/s41596-024-01061-4. [PMID: 39516267 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-01061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
The ability to screen the reactivity of T cell receptors (TCRs) is essential to understanding how antigen-specific T cells drive productive or dysfunctional immune responses during infections, cancer and autoimmune diseases. Methods to profile large numbers of TCRs are critical for characterizing immune responses sustained by diverse T cell clones. Here we provide a medium-throughput approach to reconstruct dozens to hundreds of TCRs in parallel, which can be simultaneously screened against primary human tissues and broad curated panels of antigenic targets. Using Gibson assembly and miniaturized lentiviral transduction, individual TCRs are rapidly cloned and expressed in T cells; before screening, TCR cell lines undergo combinatorial labeling with dilutions of three fluorescent dyes, which allows retrieval of the identity of individual T cell effectors when they are organized and tested in pools using flow cytometry. Upon incubation with target cells, we measure the upregulation of CD137 on T cells as a readout of TCR activation. This approach is scalable and simultaneously captures the reactivity of pooled TCR cell lines, whose activation can be deconvoluted in real time, thus providing a path for screening the reactivity of dozens of TCRs against broad panels of synthetic antigens or against cellular targets, such as human tumor cells. We applied this pipeline to systematically deconvolute the antitumoral and antiviral reactivity and antigenic specificity of TCRs from human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This protocol takes ~2 months, from experimental design to data analysis, and requires standard expertise in cloning, cell culture and flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Afeyan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Giacomo Oliveira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Ramadan E, Ahmed A, Naguib YW. Advances in mRNA LNP-Based Cancer Vaccines: Mechanisms, Formulation Aspects, Challenges, and Future Directions. J Pers Med 2024; 14:1092. [PMID: 39590584 PMCID: PMC11595619 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
After the COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA-based vaccines have emerged as a revolutionary technology in immunization and vaccination. These vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy against the virus and opened up avenues for their possible application in other diseases. This has renewed interest and investment in mRNA vaccine research and development, attracting the scientific community to explore all its other applications beyond infectious diseases. Recently, researchers have focused on the possibility of adapting this vaccination approach to cancer immunotherapy. While there is a huge potential, challenges still remain in the design and optimization of the synthetic mRNA molecules and the lipid nanoparticle delivery system required to ensure the adequate elicitation of the immune response and the successful eradication of tumors. This review points out the basic mechanisms of mRNA-LNP vaccines in cancer immunotherapy and recent approaches in mRNA vaccine design. This review displays the current mRNA modifications and lipid nanoparticle components and how these factors affect vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, this review discusses the future directions and clinical applications of mRNA-LNP vaccines in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam Ramadan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ali Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Youssef Wahib Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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28
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Pellegrino B, David K, Rabani S, Lampert B, Tran T, Doherty E, Piecychna M, Meza-Romero R, Leng L, Hershkovitz D, Vandenbark AA, Bucala R, Becker-Herman S, Shachar I. CD74 promotes the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer in mice by inducing the expansion of tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory B cells. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002905. [PMID: 39576827 PMCID: PMC11623796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
CD74 is a cell-surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). MIF binding to CD74 induces a signaling cascade resulting in the release of its cytosolic intracellular domain (CD74-ICD), which regulates transcription in naïve B and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. In the current study, we investigated the role of CD74 in the regulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and is characterized by massive infiltration of immune cells to the tumor microenvironment, making this tumor a good candidate for immunotherapy. The tumor and immune cells in TNBC express high levels of CD74; however, the function of this receptor in the tumor environment has not been extensively characterized. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) and tolerogenic dendritic cells (tol-DCs) were previously shown to attenuate the antitumor immune response in TNBC. Here, we demonstrate that CD74 enhances tumor growth by inducing the expansion of tumor-infiltrating tol-DCs and Bregs. Utilizing CD74-KO mice, Cre-flox mice lacking CD74 in CD23+ mature B cells, mice lacking CD74 in the CD11c+ population, and a CD74 inhibitor (DRQ), we elucidate the mechanism by which CD74 inhibits antitumor immunity. MIF secreted from the tumor cells activates CD74 expressed on DCs. This activation induces the binding of CD74-ICD to the SP1 promotor, resulting in the up-regulation of SP1 expression. SP1 binds the IL-1β promotor, leading to the down-regulation of its transcription. The reduced levels of IL-1β lead to decreased antitumor activity by allowing expansion of the tol-DC, which induces the expansion of the Breg population, supporting the cross-talk between these 2 populations. Taken together, these results suggest that CD74+ CD11c+ DCs are the dominant cell type involved in the regulation of TNBC progression. These findings indicate that CD74 might serve as a novel therapeutic target in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Pellegrino
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren David
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stav Rabani
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bar Lampert
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Thuy Tran
- Yale Cancer Center and School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Edward Doherty
- Yale Cancer Center and School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marta Piecychna
- Yale Cancer Center and School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Roberto Meza-Romero
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lin Leng
- Yale Cancer Center and School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Dov Hershkovitz
- Insitute of Pathology, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arthur A. Vandenbark
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Richard Bucala
- Yale Cancer Center and School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Shirly Becker-Herman
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Idit Shachar
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Zhan T, Tian S, Chen S. Border-Associated Macrophages: From Embryogenesis to Immune Regulation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e70105. [PMID: 39496482 PMCID: PMC11534460 DOI: 10.1111/cns.70105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Border-associated macrophages (BAMs) play a pivotal role in maintaining brain homeostasis and responding to pathological conditions. Understanding their origins, characteristics, and roles in both healthy and diseased brains is crucial for advancing our knowledge of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. This review addresses the ontogeny, replenishment, microenvironmental regulation, and transcriptomic heterogeneity of BAMs, highlighting recent advancements in lineage tracing and fate-mapping studies. Furthermore, we examine the roles of BAMs in maintaining brain homeostasis, immune surveillance, and responses to injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Further research is crucial to clarify the dynamic interplay between BAMs and the brain's microenvironment in health and disease. This effort will not only resolve existing controversies but also reveal new therapeutic targets for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders, pushing the boundaries of neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantong Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological DiseasesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Sixuan Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological DiseasesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological DiseasesHangzhouZhejiangChina
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30
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Souri Z, Ahmadieh H. Exploring the connection between HLA class I and class II genotypes and diabetic retinopathy: A comprehensive review of experimental evidence. Exp Eye Res 2024; 248:110112. [PMID: 39326775 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). During the course of the disease, high blood glucose levels induce damage to the vasculature of the retina and promote neovascularization. Although numerous environmental risk factors have been associated with the emergence of DR, the role of genetics should not be underestimated. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) plays a significant role in the regulation of the immune system. DR exhibits significant heterogeneity among patients, with differences in how the disease presents and progresses over time. The HLA gene, characterized by its extensive genetic variation, largely contributes to this diverse spectrum. Differences in HLA allele frequencies among healthy people, diabetic patients without retinopathy, and diabetic patients with different stages of retinopathy highlight the need for proper management of the disease. This comprehensive review outlines the current understanding of the relationship between HLA class I and class II variants and DR, shedding light on their potential significance as early onset indicators, prognostic indicators, and important risk factors for the development of this retinal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Raiten J, Abd GM, Handelsman SB, Patel HV, Ku JC, Parsons AM, Wassink JL, Hayes SL, Overbay J, Li Y. Hypoxia-induced PD-L1 expression and modulation of muscle stem cell allograft rejection. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1471563. [PMID: 39555101 PMCID: PMC11564730 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1471563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has shown immense promise in treating genetic disorders, particularly muscular diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This study investigates a novel method to enhance the viability of stem cell transplants in DMD by upregulating Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in muscle stem cells (MuSCs) through preconditioning with hypoxia and/or interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to mitigate T cell immune rejection. MuSCs were treated with 5% hypoxia for 72 h and further treated with IFN-γ to enhance PD-L1 expression. Additionally, gain and loss experiments using a PD-L1 inhibitor (BMS-1) were conducted to investigate cellular expression profiles in vitro and cell transplantation outcomes in vivo. Our results showed significant upregulation of PD-L1 in MuSCs under hypoxia and IFN-γ conditions without affecting cellular proliferation and differentiation in vitro. In vivo, these preconditioned MuSCs led to decreased infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in implanted limb muscles of mouse models. Blocking PD-L1 reduced graft survival in muscles treated with MuSCs. Conversely, increased PD-L1 expression and reduced T cell infiltration correlated with improved graft survival, as identified by pre-labeled LacZ + MuSCs following transplantation. This study provides evidence that hypoxia and IFN-γ preconditioning of MuSCs can significantly enhance the efficacy of cell therapy for DMD by mitigating immune rejection. Our strategic approach aimed to improve donor cell survival and function post-transplantation by modifying immune responses towards the donor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raiten
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Genevieve M. Abd
- Division of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Surgical Science, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Shane B. Handelsman
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Harshank V. Patel
- Division of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Surgical Science, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Agata M. Parsons
- Division of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Surgical Science, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Wassink
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Sheridan L. Hayes
- Division of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Surgical Science, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Juliana Overbay
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Division of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Surgical Science, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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32
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Li Y, Wang GQ, Li YB. Therapeutic potential of natural coumarins in autoimmune diseases with underlying mechanisms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1432846. [PMID: 39544933 PMCID: PMC11560467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1432846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases encompass a wide range of disorders characterized by disturbed immunoregulation leading to the development of specific autoantibodies, which cause inflammation and multiple organ involvement. However, its pathogenesis remains unelucidated. Furthermore, the cumulative medical and economic burden of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, making these diseases a ubiquitous global phenomenon that is predicted to further increase in the coming decades. Coumarins, a class of aromatic natural products with benzene and alpha-pyrone as their basic structures, has good therapeutic effects on autoimmune diseases. In this review, we systematically highlighted the latest evidence on coumarins and autoimmune diseases data from clinical and animal studies. Coumarin acts on immune cells and cytokines and plays a role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases by regulating NF-κB, Keap1/Nrf2, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, Notch and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. This systematic review will provide insight into the interaction of coumarin and autoimmune diseases, and will lay a groundwork for the development of new drugs for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guan-qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Yan-bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
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Vitaliti A, Reggio A, Palma A. Macrophages and autophagy: partners in crime. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 39439196 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages and autophagy are intricately linked, both playing vital roles in maintaining homeostasis and responding to disease. Macrophages, known for their 'eating' function, rely on a sophisticated digestion system to process a variety of targets, from apoptotic cells to pathogens. The connection between macrophages and autophagy is established early in their development, influencing both differentiation and mature functions. Autophagy regulates essential immune functions, such as inflammation control, pathogen clearance, and antigen presentation, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Moreover, it modulates cytokine production, ensuring a balanced inflammatory response that prevents excessive tissue damage. Autophagy also plays a critical role in macrophage polarization, influencing their shift between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory states. This review explores the role of autophagy in macrophages, emphasizing its impact across various tissues and pathological conditions, and detailing the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which autophagy shapes macrophage function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vitaliti
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Reggio
- Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palma
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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34
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Rahman MT, Mostaert B, Eckard P, Fatima SM, Scheperle R, Razu I, Hunger B, Olszewski RT, Gu S, Garcia C, Khan NA, Bennion DM, Oleson J, Kirk JR, Enke YL, Gay RD, Morell RJ, Hirose K, Hoa M, Claussen AD, Hansen MR. Cochlear implants with dexamethasone-eluting electrode arrays reduce foreign body response in a murine model of cochlear implantation and human subjects. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.10.11.24315311. [PMID: 39417118 PMCID: PMC11483020 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.11.24315311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid on the intracochlear FBR and electrical impedance post-implantation in a murine model and human subjects. The left ears of CX3CR1 +/GFP Thy1 +/YFP (macrophage-neuron dual reporter) mice were implanted with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants (Dex-CI) or standard implant (Standard-CI) while the right ear served as unoperated control. Another group of dual reporter mice was implanted with a standard CI electrode array followed by injection of dexamethasone in the middle ear to mimic current clinical practice (Dex-local). Mouse implants were electrically stimulated with serial measurement of electrical impedance. Human subjects were implanted with either standard or Dex-CI followed by serial impedance measurements. Dex-CI reduced electrical impedance in the murine model and human subjects and inflammatory FBR in the murine model for an extended period. Dex-local in the murine model is ineffective for long-term reduction of FBR and electrode impedance. Our data suggest that dexamethasone eluting arrays are more effective than the current clinical practice of locally applied dexamethasone in reducing FBR and electrical impedance.
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Snyder JD, Yoon TW, Lee S, Halder P, Fitzpatrick EA, Yi AK. Protein kinase D1 in myeloid lineage cells contributes to the accumulation of CXCR3 +CCR6 + nonconventional Th1 cells in the lungs and potentiates hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by S. rectivirgula. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403155. [PMID: 39464896 PMCID: PMC11502317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an extrinsic allergic alveolitis characterized by inflammation of the interstitium, bronchioles, and alveoli of the lung that leads to granuloma formation. We previously found that activation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in the lungs following exposures to Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula contributes to the acute pulmonary inflammation, IL-17A expression in the lungs, and development of HP. In the present study, we investigated whether PKD1 in myeloid-lineage cells affects the pathogenic course of the S. rectivirgula-induced HP. Methods Mice were exposed intranasally to S. rectivirgula once or 3 times/week for 3 weeks. The protein and mRNA expression levels of cytokines/chemokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the different types of immune cells and the levels of surface proteins. Lung tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, digital images were captured, and immune cells influx into the interstitial lung tissue were detected. Results Compared to control PKD1-sufficient mice, mice with PKD1 deficiency in myeloid-lineage cells (PKD1mKO) showed significantly suppressed expression of TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL10 and neutrophilic alveolitis after single intranasal exposure to S. rectivirgula. Substantially reduced levels of alveolitis and granuloma formation were observed in the PKD1mKO mice repeatedly exposed to S. rectivirgula for 3 weeks. In addition, expression levels of the Th1/Th17 polarizing cytokines and chemokines such as IFNγ, IL-17A, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CCL20 in lungs were significantly reduced in the PKD1mKO mice repeatedly exposed to S. rectivirgula. Moreover, accumulation of CXCR3+CCR6+ nonconventional Th1 in the lungs were significantly reduced in PKD1mKO mice repeatedly exposed to S. rectivirgula. Discussion Our results demonstrate that PKD1 in myeloid-lineage cells plays an essential role in the development and progress of HP caused by repeated exposure to S. rectivirgula by contributing Th1/Th17 polarizing proinflammatory responses, alveolitis, and accumulation of pathogenic nonconventional Th1 cells in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Snyder
- Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Tae Won Yoon
- Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Priyanka Halder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Elizabeth Ann Fitzpatrick
- Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ae-Kyung Yi
- Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Fokken C, Silbern I, Shomroni O, Pan KT, Ryazanov S, Leonov A, Winkler N, Urlaub H, Griesinger C, Becker D. Interfering with aggregated α-synuclein in advanced melanoma leads to a major upregulation of MHC class II proteins. Melanoma Res 2024; 34:393-407. [PMID: 38950202 PMCID: PMC11361348 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most serious and deadly form of skin cancer and with progression to advanced melanoma, the intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein is upregulated to high levels. While toxic to dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, α-synuclein is highly beneficial for primary and metastatic melanoma cells. To gain detailed insights into this exact opposite role of α-synuclein in advanced melanoma, we performed proteomic studies of high-level α-synuclein-expressing human melanoma cell lines that were treated with the diphenyl-pyrazole small-molecule compound anle138b, which binds to and interferes with the oligomeric structure of α-synuclein. We also performed proteomic and transcriptomic studies of human melanoma xenografts that were treated systemically with the anle138b compound. The results reveal that interfering with oligomerized α-synuclein in the melanoma cells in these tumor xenografts led to a substantial upregulation and expression of major histocompatibility complex proteins, which are pertinent to enhancing anti-melanoma immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fokken
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
| | - Ivan Silbern
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
- Bioanalytics Research Group, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS-Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Kuan-Ting Pan
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
| | - Sergey Ryazanov
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
| | - Andrei Leonov
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
| | - Nadine Winkler
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
- Bioanalytics Research Group, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), Georg-August-University Göttingen
| | - Dorothea Becker
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Liu Q, Huo X, Wang P, Zhao F, Yuan G, Yang C, Su J. Lactobacillus casei displaying MCP2α and FlaC delivered by PLA microspheres effectively enhances the immune protection of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) against LMBV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109870. [PMID: 39218416 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) seriously affects the development of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) industry and causes huge economic losses. Oral vaccine can be a promising method for viral disease precaution. In this study, MCP2α was identified as a valuable epitope region superior to MCP and MCP2 of LMBV by neutralizing antibody experiments. Then, recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing the fusion protein MCP2αC (MCP2α as antigen, C represents flagellin C from Aeromonas hydrophila as adjuvant) on surface was constructed and verified. Further, PLA microsphere vaccine loading recombinant MCP2αC L. casei was prepared. The PLA microspheres vaccine were observed by scanning electron microscopy and showed a smooth, regular spherical surface with a particle size distribution between 100 and 200 μm. Furthermore, we evaluated the tolerance of PLA-MCP2αC vaccine in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid, and the results showed that PLA-MCP2αC can effectively resist the gastrointestinal environment. Moreover, the protective effect of PLA-MCP2αC against LMBV was evaluated after oral immunization and LMBV challenge. The results showed that PLA-MCP2αC effectively up-regulated the activity of serum biochemical enzymes (T-SOD, T-AOC, LZM, complement C3) and induced the mRNA expression of representative immune genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MHC-IIα, Mx, IgM) in spleen and head kidney tissues. The survival rate of largemouth bass vaccinated with PLA-MCP2αC increased from 24 % to 68 %. Meanwhile, PLA-MCP2αC inhibited the LMBV burden in spleen, head kidney and liver tissues and attenuated tissue damage in spleen. These results suggested that PLA-MCP2αC can be used as a candidate oral vaccine against LMBV infection in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xingchen Huo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pengxu Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fengxia Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Acúrcio RC, Kleiner R, Vaskovich‐Koubi D, Carreira B, Liubomirski Y, Palma C, Yeheskel A, Yeini E, Viana AS, Ferreira V, Araújo C, Mor M, Freund NT, Bacharach E, Gonçalves J, Toister‐Achituv M, Fabregue M, Matthieu S, Guerry C, Zarubica A, Aviel‐Ronen S, Florindo HF, Satchi‐Fainaro R. Intranasal Multiepitope PD-L1-siRNA-Based Nanovaccine: The Next-Gen COVID-19 Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404159. [PMID: 39116324 PMCID: PMC11515909 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The first approved vaccines for human use against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are nanotechnology-based. Although they are modular, rapidly produced, and can reduce disease severity, the currently available vaccines are restricted in preventing infection, stressing the global demand for novel preventive vaccine technologies. Bearing this in mind, we set out to develop a flexible nanovaccine platform for nasal administration to induce mucosal immunity, which is fundamental for optimal protection against respiratory virus infection. The next-generation multiepitope nanovaccines co-deliver immunogenic peptides, selected by an immunoinformatic workflow, along with adjuvants and regulators of the PD-L1 expression. As a case study, we focused on SARS-CoV-2 peptides as relevant antigens to validate the approach. This platform can evoke both local and systemic cellular- and humoral-specific responses against SARS-CoV-2. This led to the secretion of immunoglobulin A (IgA), capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, including variants of concern, following a heterologous immunization strategy. Considering the limitations of the required cold chain distribution for current nanotechnology-based vaccines, it is shown that the lyophilized nanovaccine is stable for long-term at room temperature and retains its in vivo efficacy upon reconstitution. This makes it particularly relevant for developing countries and offers a modular system adaptable to future viral threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C. Acúrcio
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Ron Kleiner
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Daniella Vaskovich‐Koubi
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Bárbara Carreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Yulia Liubomirski
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Carolina Palma
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Adva Yeheskel
- The Blavatnik Center for Drug DiscoveryTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Eilam Yeini
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Ana S. Viana
- Center of Chemistry and BiochemistryFaculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749‐016Portugal
| | - Vera Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Carlos Araújo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Michael Mor
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Natalia T. Freund
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Eran Bacharach
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - João Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | | | - Manon Fabregue
- Centre d'ImmunophénomiqueAix Marseille UniversitéInserm, CNRS, PHENOMINMarseille13284France
| | - Solene Matthieu
- Centre d'ImmunophénomiqueAix Marseille UniversitéInserm, CNRS, PHENOMINMarseille13284France
| | - Capucine Guerry
- Centre d'ImmunophénomiqueAix Marseille UniversitéInserm, CNRS, PHENOMINMarseille13284France
| | - Ana Zarubica
- Centre d'ImmunophénomiqueAix Marseille UniversitéInserm, CNRS, PHENOMINMarseille13284France
| | | | - Helena F. Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1649‐003Portugal
| | - Ronit Satchi‐Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
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Poston TB, Girardi J, Kim M, Zwarycz P, Polson AG, Yount K, Hanlan C, Salas IJ, Lammert SM, Arroyo D, Bruno T, Wu M, Rozzelle J, Fairman J, Esser-Kahn A, Darville T. Intranasal immunization with CPAF combined with cyclic-di-AMP induces a memory CD4 T cell response and reduces bacterial burden following intravaginal infection with Chlamydia muridarum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.20.614154. [PMID: 39386616 PMCID: PMC11463518 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.20.614154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally, and a vaccine is urgently needed to stop transmission and disease. Chlamydial Protease Activity Factor (CPAF) is an immunoprevalent and immunodominant antigen for CD4 T cells and B cells, which makes it a strong vaccine candidate. Due to the tolerogenic nature of the female genital tract (FGT) and its lack of secondary lymphoid tissue, effective induction of protective cell-mediated immunity will likely require potent and safe mucosal adjuvants. To address this need, we produced CPAF in a cell-free protein synthesis platform and adjuvanted it with the TLR9-agonist CpG1826, STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist cyclic-di-AMP (CDA), and/or the squalene oil-in-water nanoemulsion, AddaS03. We determined that intranasal immunization with CPAF plus CDA was well tolerated in female mice, induced CD4 T cells that produced IL-17A or IFNγ, significantly reduced bacterial shedding, and shortened the duration of infection in mice intravaginally challenged with Chlamydia muridarum . These data demonstrate the potential for CDA as a mucosal adjuvant for vaccines against Chlamydia genital tract infection.
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Feng X, Yang C, Huang Y, Su D, Wang C, Wilson LL, Yin L, Tang M, Li S, Chen Z, Zhu D, Wang S, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang H, Nie L, Huang M, Park JI, Hart T, Jiang D, Jiang K, Chen J. In vivo CRISPR screens identify Mga as an immunotherapy target in triple-negative breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2406325121. [PMID: 39298484 PMCID: PMC11441491 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406325121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion is not only critical for tumor initiation and progression, but also determines the efficacy of immunotherapies. Through iterative in vivo CRISPR screens with seven syngeneic tumor models, we identified core and context-dependent immune evasion pathways across cancer types. This valuable high-confidence dataset is available for the further understanding of tumor intrinsic immunomodulators, which may lead to the discovery of effective anticancer therapeutic targets. With a focus on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we found that Mga knock-out significantly enhances antitumor immunity and inhibits tumor growth. Transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that Mga influences various immune-related pathways in the tumor microenvironment. Our findings suggest that Mga may play a role in modulating the tumor immune landscape, though the precise mechanisms require further investigation. Interestingly, we observed that low MGA expression in breast cancer patients correlates with a favorable prognosis, particularly in those with active interferon-γ signaling. These observations provide insights into tumor immune escape mechanisms and suggest that further exploration of MGA's function could potentially lead to effective therapeutic strategies in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Feng
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Chang Yang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin150086, China
| | - Yuanjian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Lori Lyn Wilson
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Ling Yin
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Mengfan Tang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Siting Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Shengzhe Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Litong Nie
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Traver Hart
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Dadi Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Kuirong Jiang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210000, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
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Salih OAMM, Erwa NHH, Abdelmoneim AH, Fadl HAO, Glanzmann B, Osman MAB, Osman MAH, Gasim TME, Mustafa A. Class II Transactivator Gene ( CIITA) Variants Associated with Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome II in a Female Sudanese Patient. Appl Clin Genet 2024; 17:133-141. [PMID: 39347515 PMCID: PMC11430264 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s472788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are disorders that present a health issue, especially in developing countries where there is a high rate of consanguineous marriages and an increasing rate of diagnosis. One of these disorders is Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome II (BLS II) which is a rare and genetically complex disease that has high morbidity and mortality. The exact genotypic and phenotypic characteristics are still poorly characterized especially in developing countries. Case Presentation Here, we report the first case of BLS II in a seven-month-old Sudanese female with recurrent chest infections, dermatitis, persistent diarrhea, and failure to thrive. The patient's all four sisters and three paternal uncles died in early infancy. Laboratory investigations revealed low CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ lymphocytes, along with normal CD19+ and CD16+ lymphocytes, and low serum IgM and IgA levels. Genetic analysis revealed two CIITA variants; c.2296C >G p. (Pro766Ala) and c.439+1G >A. Conclusion Further bioinformatics, immunological and clinical workups supported a pathogenic effect of both mutations affecting the function of CIITA protein, and suggesting a compound heterozygote mutation. The patient was started on prophylactic antibiotics and regular intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. The prognosis of this disease is poor in most of the cases, with only a few reported cases surviving until adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omaima Abdel Majeed Mohamed Salih
- Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
- Pediatric Clinical Immunologist, Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Nahla Hashim Hassan Erwa
- Clinical Immunology Consultant, Faculty of Medicine & Soba University Hospital, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Hiba Awadelkareem Osman Fadl
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
- Senior Medical Laboratory Specialist, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS), Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Brigitte Glanzmann
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Genomics Platform, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Alamin Mustafa
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
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Arlt E, Kindermann A, Fritsche AK, Navarrete Santos A, Kielstein H, Bazwinsky-Wutschke I. A Flow Cytometry-Based Examination of the Mouse White Blood Cell Differential in the Context of Age and Sex. Cells 2024; 13:1583. [PMID: 39329764 PMCID: PMC11430320 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the white blood cell differential as part of a flow cytometry-based approach is a common routine diagnostic tool used in clinics and research. For human blood, the methodological approach, suitable markers, and gating strategies are well-established. However, there is a lack of information regarding the mouse blood count. In this article, we deliver a fast and easy protocol for reprocessing mouse blood for the purpose of flow cytometric analysis, as well as suitable markers and gating strategies. We also present two possible applications: for the analysis of the whole blood count, with blood from a cardiac puncture, and for the analysis of a certain leukocyte subset at multiple time points in the framework of a mouse experiment, using blood from the facial vein. Additionally, we provide orientation values by applying the method to 3-month-old and 24-month-old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Our analyses demonstrate differences in the leukocyte fractions depending on age and sex. We discuss the influencing factors and limitations that can affect the results and that, therefore, need to be considered when applying this method. The present study fills the gap in the knowledge related to the rare information on flow cytometric analysis of mouse blood and, thus, lays the foundation for further investigations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Arlt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Andrea Kindermann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Anne-Kristin Fritsche
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Navarrete Santos
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Heike Kielstein
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Ivonne Bazwinsky-Wutschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
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Kelly JJ, Bloodworth N, Shao Q, Shabanowitz J, Hunt D, Meiler J, Pires MM. A Chemical Approach to Assess the Impact of Post-translational Modification on MHC Peptide Binding and Effector Cell Engagement. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1991-2001. [PMID: 39150956 PMCID: PMC11420952 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a pivotal role in the presentation of peptidic fragments from proteins, which can originate from self-proteins or from nonhuman antigens, such as those produced by viruses or bacteria. To prevent cytotoxicity against healthy cells, thymocytes expressing T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize self-peptides are removed from circulation (negative selection), thus leaving T cells that recognize nonself-peptides. Current understanding suggests that post-translationally modified (PTM) proteins and the resulting peptide fragments they generate following proteolysis are largely excluded from negative selection; this feature means that PTMs can generate nonself-peptides that potentially contribute to the development of autoreactive T cells and subsequent autoimmune diseases. Although it is well-established that PTMs are prevalent in peptides present on MHCs, the precise mechanisms by which PTMs influence the antigen presentation machinery remain poorly understood. In the present work, we introduce chemical modifications mimicking PTMs on synthetic peptides. This is the first systematic study isolating the impact of PTMs on MHC binding and also their impact on TCR recognition. Our findings reveal various ways PTMs alter antigen presentation, which could have implications for tumor neoantigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey J Kelly
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Nathaniel Bloodworth
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Qianqian Shao
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jeffrey Shabanowitz
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Donald Hunt
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Institute of Drug Discovery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Leipzig, Leipzig, SAC 04103, Germany
- Center for Structural Biology Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Marcos M Pires
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Fan Y, He Y, Li Y, Yin Z, Shi J, Tian T, Shang K, Shi H, Zhang F, Wen H. Design of a novel EmTSP-3 and EmTIP based multi-epitope vaccine against Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1425603. [PMID: 39351224 PMCID: PMC11439721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1425603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current treatments and prevention strategies for echinococcosis are inadequate. Recent advancements in molecular vaccine development show promise against Echinococcus granulosus; however, Echinococcus multilocularis remains a challenge. A Multi-epitope Vaccine could potentially induce specific B and T lymphocyte responses, thereby offering protection against Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Methods This study aimed to develop a MEV against alveolar echinococcosis. Key epitopes from the Echinococcus multilocularis proteins EmTSP3 and EmTIP were identified using immunoinformatics analyses. These analyses were conducted to assess the MEV feasibility, structural characteristics, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and immune simulations. The immunogenicity and antigenicity of the vaccine were evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments, employing ELISA, Western blotting, FCM, challenge infection experiments, and ELISPOT. Results The effective antigenicity and immunogenicity of MEV were demonstrated through immunoinformatics, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro experiments revealed that MEV increased the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 in PBMC and successfully bound to specific antibodies in patient serum. Furthermore, mice immunized with MEV developed a robust immune response, characterized by elevated levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, increased secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 by specific Th1 and Th2 cells, and heightened serum antibody levels. Importantly, MEV reduced the weight of cysts by conferring resistance against echinococcosis. These findings suggest that MEV is a promising candidate for the prevention of Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Conclusion A total of 7 CTL, 7 HTL, 5 linear B-cell, and 2 conformational B-cell epitopes were identified. The vaccine has demonstrated effective antigenicity and immunogenicity against AE through molecular docking, immune simulation, molecular dynamics studies, and both in vitro and in vivo experiments. It provides effective protection against Echinococcus multilocularis infection, thereby laying a foundation for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yueyue He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yujiao Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhengwei Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kaiyu Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fengbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Olejkowska N, Gorczyca I, Rękas M, Garley M. Immunopathology of Corneal Allograft Rejection and Donor-Specific Antibodies (DSAs) as Immunological Predictors of Corneal Transplant Failure. Cells 2024; 13:1532. [PMID: 39329716 PMCID: PMC11430735 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous developments in the field of laboratory testing in transplantation, the rules of eligibility for corneal transplantation still do not include typing of human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) in the donor and recipient or detection of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) in the patient. The standard use of diagnostic algorithms is due to the cornea belonging to immunologically privileged tissues, which usually determines the success of transplantation of this tissue. A medical problem is posed by patients at high risk of transplant rejection, in whom the immune privilege of the eye is abolished and the risk of transplant failure increases. Critical to the success of transplantation in patients at high risk of corneal rejection may be the selection of an HLA-matched donor and recipient, and the detection of existing and/or de novo emerging DSAs in the patient. Incorporating the assessment of these parameters into routine diagnostics may contribute to establishing immune risk stratification for transplant rejection and effective personalized therapy for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwona Gorczyca
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Jawale D, Khandibharad S, Singh S. Innate Immune Response and Epigenetic Regulation: A Closely Intertwined Tale in Inflammation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400278. [PMID: 39267219 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of delicate homeostasis is very important in various diseases because it ensures appropriate immune surveillance against pathogens and prevents excessive inflammation. In a disturbed homeostatic condition, hyperactivation of immune cells takes place and interplay between these cells triggers a plethora of signaling pathways, releasing various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), Interferon-gamma (IFNƴ), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which marks cytokine storm formation. To be precise, dysregulated balance can impede or increase susceptibility to various pathogens. Pathogens have the ability to hijack the host immune system by interfering with the host's chromatin architecture for their survival and replication in the host cell. Cytokines, particularly IL-6, Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and Interleukin-23 (IL-23), play a key role in orchestrating innate immune responses and shaping adaptive immunity. Understanding the interplay between immune response and the role of epigenetic modification to maintain immune homeostasis and the structural aspects of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 can be illuminating for a novel therapeutic regimen to treat various infectious diseases. In this review, the light is shed on how the orchestration of epigenetic regulation facilitates immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Jawale
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Shweta Khandibharad
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council-National Centre for Cell Science (BRIC-NCCS), NCCS Complex, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
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Nichols C, Do-Thi VA, Peltier DC. Noncanonical microprotein regulation of immunity. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2905-2929. [PMID: 38734902 PMCID: PMC11403233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system is highly regulated but, when dysregulated, suboptimal protective or overly robust immune responses can lead to immune-mediated disorders. The genetic and molecular mechanisms of immune regulation are incompletely understood, impeding the development of more precise diagnostics and therapeutics for immune-mediated disorders. Recently, thousands of previously unrecognized noncanonical microprotein genes encoded by small open reading frames have been identified. Many of these microproteins perform critical functions, often in a cell- and context-specific manner. Several microproteins are now known to regulate immunity; however, the vast majority are uncharacterized. Therefore, illuminating what is often referred to as the "dark proteome," may present opportunities to tune immune responses more precisely. Here, we review noncanonical microprotein biology, highlight recently discovered examples regulating immunity, and discuss the potential and challenges of modulating dysregulated immune responses by targeting microproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cydney Nichols
- Morris Green Scholars Program, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Van Anh Do-Thi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Daniel C Peltier
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Chen F, Sheng J, Li X, Gao Z, Hu L, Chen M, Fei J, Song Z. Tumor-associated macrophages: orchestrators of cholangiocarcinoma progression. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1451474. [PMID: 39290697 PMCID: PMC11405194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1451474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare but highly invasive cancer, with its incidence rising in recent years. Currently, surgery remains the most definitive therapeutic option for CCA. However, similar to other malignancies, most CCA patients are not eligible for surgical intervention at the time of diagnosis. The chemotherapeutic regimen of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin is the standard treatment for advanced CCA, but its effectiveness is often hampered by therapeutic resistance. Recent research highlights the remarkable plasticity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs play a crucial dual role in either promoting or suppressing tumor development, depending on the factors that polarize them toward pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic phenotypes, as well as their interactions with cancer cells and other stromal components. In this review, we critically examine recent studies on TAMs in CCA, detailing the expression patterns and prognostic significance of different TAM subtypes in CCA, the mechanisms by which TAMs influence CCA progression and immune evasion, and the potential for reprogramming TAMs to enhance anticancer therapies. This review aims to provide a framework for deeper future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jian Sheng
- Department of Research and Teaching, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Gao
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lingyu Hu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Minjie Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jianguo Fei
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Ma L, Sun Y, Liu B, Shi Y, Luo C, Cheng Y, Wang W, Fang Y, Huang L, Ali U, Zhang J, Chen J, Ju P. Andrographolide exhibits antinociceptive effects in neuropathic rats via inhibiting class Ⅱ MHC associated response and regulating synaptic plasticity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155823. [PMID: 38941815 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) due to nerve injury, disrupts neural plasticity by triggering the release of inflammatory mediators. Alongside the hypothesis that neuro-inflammation contributes to this disruption, Andrographolide (Andro), a traditional bioactive compound derived from Andrographis paniculata, has garnered attention for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether Andro could ameliorate NP by regulating neuroinflammation remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether and how Andro regulates neuroinflammation and alleviates NP. METHODS The analgesic effects of Andro on NP were evaluated using both the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and formalin rat models. A combination of network pharmacology, RNA sequencing, and experimental validation was employed to elucidate the underlying mechanism behind Andro's analgesic effects. Additionally, various techniques such as functional ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), patch clamp, and electron microscopy were employed to investigate the specific neural cell types, neural functions, and changes in neural plasticity influenced by Andro. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis unveiled the crucial roles played by shared targets of Andro and pain in regulating pain-related inflammation, including microglia activation, neuroinflammation, immune modulation, and synaptic transmission. Furthermore, we confirmed Andro's superior efficacy in pain relief compared to the traditional analgesic drug, Gabapentin. In these models, Andro was observed to modulate the haemodynamic response triggered by SNL. Transcriptome analysis and molecular docking studies indicated the involvement of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) genes (Db1, Da, and Bb). Electron microscopy revealed improvements in synaptic ultrastructure, and electrophysiological investigations showed a selective reduction in glutamatergic transmission in neuropathic rats after following Andro treatment. The integration of systems pharmacology analysis and biological validation collectively demonstrated that the mechanism of pain relief involves immune modulation, enhancement of synaptic plasticity, and precise regulation of excitatory neurotransmission. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that Andro, by targeting MHCII genes, may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ma
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bingxun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chao Luo
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weidi Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yu Fang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lixuan Huang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Usman Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China; Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Peijun Ju
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China.
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Koskuvi M, Pörsti E, Hewitt T, Räsänen N, Wu YC, Trontti K, McQuade A, Kalyanaraman S, Ojansuu I, Vaurio O, Cannon TD, Lönnqvist J, Therman S, Suvisaari J, Kaprio J, Blurton-Jones M, Hovatta I, Lähteenvuo M, Rolova T, Lehtonen Š, Tiihonen J, Koistinaho J. Genetic contribution to microglial activation in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:2622-2633. [PMID: 38519640 PMCID: PMC11420079 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Microglia are brain resident immune cells responding toward invading pathogens and injury-related products, and additionally, have a critical role in improving neurogenesis and synaptic functions. Aberrant activation of microglia in SCZ is one of the leading hypotheses for disease pathogenesis, but due to the lack of proper human cell models, the role of microglia in SCZ is not well studied. We used monozygotic twins discordant for SCZ and healthy individuals to generate human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia to assess the transcriptional and functional differences in microglia between healthy controls, affected twins and unaffected twins. The microglia from affected twins had increased expression of several common inflammation-related genes compared to healthy individuals. Microglia from affected twins had also reduced response to interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) treatment, but no significant differences in migration or phagocytotic activity. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed abnormalities related to extracellular matrix signaling. RNA sequencing predicted downregulation of extracellular matrix structure constituent Gene Ontology (GO) terms and hepatic fibrosis pathway activation that were shared by microglia of both affected and unaffected twins, but the upregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II receptors was observed only in affected twin microglia. Also, the microglia of affected twins had heterogeneous response to clozapine, minocycline, and sulforaphane treatments. Overall, despite the increased expression of inflammatory genes, we observed no clear functional signs of hyperactivation in microglia from patients with SCZ. We conclude that microglia of the patients with SCZ have gene expression aberrations related to inflammation response and extracellular matrix without contributing to increased microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Koskuvi
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elina Pörsti
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tristen Hewitt
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Noora Räsänen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ying-Chieh Wu
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kalevi Trontti
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amanda McQuade
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Ilkka Ojansuu
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Vaurio
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jouko Lönnqvist
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sebastian Therman
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Mental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Lähteenvuo
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Šárka Lehtonen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Tiihonen
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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