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Paßmann S, Baselgia S, Kasten FH, Herrmann CS, Rasch B. Differential online and offline effects of theta-tACS on memory encoding and retrieval. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:894-911. [PMID: 39085585 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Theta oscillations support memory formation, but their exact contribution to the communication between prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus is unknown. We tested the functional relevance of theta oscillations as a communication link between both areas for memory formation using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). Healthy, young participants learned two lists of Dutch-German word pairs and retrieved them immediately and with a 30-min delay. In the encoding group (N = 30), tACS was applied during the encoding of list 1. List 2 was used to test stimulation aftereffects. In the retrieval group (N = 23), we stimulated during the delayed recall. In both groups, we applied tACS bilaterally at prefrontal and tempo-parietal sites, using either individualized theta frequency or 15 Hz (as control), according to a within-subject design. Stimulation with theta-tACS did not alter overall learning performance. An exploratory analysis revealed that immediate recall improved when word-pairs were learned after theta-tACS (list 2). Applying theta-tACS during retrieval had detrimental effects on memory. No changes in the power of the respective frequency bands were observed. Our results do not support the notion that impacting the communication between PFC and the hippocampus during a task by bilateral tACS improves memory. However, we do find evidence that direct stimulation had a trend for negatively interfering effects during immediate and delayed recall. Hints for beneficial effects on memory only occurred with aftereffects of the stimulation. Future studies need to further examine the effects during and after stimulation on memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Paßmann
- Cognitive Biopsychology and Methods, Department of Psychology, Université Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Sandrine Baselgia
- Cognitive Biopsychology and Methods, Department of Psychology, Université Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Florian H Kasten
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christoph S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Björn Rasch
- Cognitive Biopsychology and Methods, Department of Psychology, Université Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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2
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Yan C, Mercaldo V, Jacob AD, Kramer E, Mocle A, Ramsaran AI, Tran L, Rashid AJ, Park S, Insel N, Redish AD, Frankland PW, Josselyn SA. Higher-order interactions between hippocampal CA1 neurons are disrupted in amnestic mice. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1794-1804. [PMID: 39030342 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01713-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Across systems, higher-order interactions between components govern emergent dynamics. Here we tested whether contextual threat memory retrieval in mice relies on higher-order interactions between dorsal CA1 hippocampal neurons requiring learning-induced dendritic spine plasticity. We compared population-level Ca2+ transients as wild-type mice (with intact learning-induced spine plasticity and memory) and amnestic mice (TgCRND8 mice with high levels of amyloid-β and deficits in learning-induced spine plasticity and memory) were tested for memory. Using machine-learning classifiers with different capacities to use input data with complex interactions, our findings indicate complex neuronal interactions in the memory representation of wild-type, but not amnestic, mice. Moreover, a peptide that partially restored learning-induced spine plasticity also restored the statistical complexity of the memory representation and memory behavior in Tg mice. These findings provide a previously missing bridge between levels of analysis in memory research, linking receptors, spines, higher-order neuronal dynamics and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- DeepMind, London, UK
| | - Valentina Mercaldo
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander D Jacob
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Kramer
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Mocle
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam I Ramsaran
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina Tran
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asim J Rashid
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sungmo Park
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Insel
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - A David Redish
- Dept. of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul W Frankland
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Child & Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheena A Josselyn
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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3
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Zhang B, Zhang J, Chen H, Qiao D, Guo F, Hu X, Qin C, Jin X, Zhang K, Wang C, Cui H, Li S. Role of FMRP in AKT/mTOR pathway-mediated hippocampal autophagy in fragile X syndrome. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111036. [PMID: 38823765 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by epigenetic silencing of the Fmr1 gene, leading to the deletion of the coding protein FMRP. FXS induces abnormal hippocampal autophagy and mTOR overactivation. However, it remains unclear whether FMRP regulates hippocampal autophagy through the AKT/mTOR pathway, which influences the neural behavior of FXS. Our study revealed that FMRP deficiency increased the protein levels of p-ULK-1 and p62 and decreased LC3II/LC3I level in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice. The mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 with knockdown of Fmr1 by lentivirus showed that the protein levels of p-ULK-1 and p62 were increased, whereas LC3II/LC3I was unchanged. Further observations revealed that FMRP deficiency obstructed autophagic flow in HT22 cells. Therefore, FMRP deficiency inhibited autophagy in the mouse hippocampus and HT22 cells. Moreover, FMRP deficiency increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased the co-localization between the mitochondrial outer membrane proteins TOM20 and LC3 in HT22 cells, and caused a decrease in the mitochondrial autophagy protein PINK1 in HT22 cells and Fmr1 KO mice, indicating that FMRP deficiency caused mitochondrial autophagy disorder in HT22 cells and Fmr1 KO mice. To explore the mechanism by which FMRP deficiency inhibits autophagy, we examined the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus of Fmr1 KO mice, found that FMRP deficiency caused overactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. Rapamycin-mediated mTOR inhibition activated and enhanced mitochondrial autophagy. Finally, we examined whether rapamycin affected the neurobehavior of Fmr1 KO mice. The Fmr1 KO mice exhibited stereotypical behavior, impaired social ability, and learning and memory impairment, while rapamycin treatment improved behavioral disorders in Fmr1 KO mice. Thus, our study revealed the molecular mechanism by which FMRP regulates autophagy function, clarifying the role of hippocampal neuron mitochondrial autophagy in the pathogenesis of FXS, and providing novel insights into potential therapeutic targets of FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jingbao Zhang
- Grade 2020, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Fangzhen Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiangting Hu
- Grade 2020, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Grade 2021, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaowen Jin
- Grade 2021, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- Grade 2021, 5+3 Integrated pediatrics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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Jun H, Lee JY, Bleza NR, Ichii A, Donohue JD, Igarashi KM. Prefrontal and lateral entorhinal neurons co-dependently learn item-outcome rules. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07868-1. [PMID: 39169188 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The ability to learn novel items depends on brain functions that store information about items classified by their associated meanings and outcomes1-4, but the underlying neural circuit mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. Here we show that deep layers of the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) contain two groups of 'item-outcome neurons': one developing activity for rewarded items during learning, and another for punished items. As mice learned an olfactory item-outcome association, we found that the neuronal population of LEC layers 5/6 (LECL5/6) formed an internal map of pre-learned and novel items, classified into dichotomic rewarded versus punished groups. Neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which form a bidirectional loop circuit with LECL5/6, developed an equivalent item-outcome rule map during learning. When LECL5/6 neurons were optogenetically inhibited, tangled mPFC representations of novel items failed to split into rewarded versus punished groups, impairing new learning by mice. Conversely, when mPFC neurons were inhibited, LECL5/6 representations of individual items were held completely separate, disrupting both learning and retrieval of associations. These results suggest that LECL5/6 neurons and mPFC neurons co-dependently encode item memory as a map of associated outcome rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heechul Jun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jason Y Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas R Bleza
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ayana Ichii
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jordan D Donohue
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kei M Igarashi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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5
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Wodeyar A, Chinappen D, Mylonas D, Baxter B, Manoach DS, Eden UT, Kramer MA, Chu CJ. Thalamic epileptic spikes disrupt sleep spindles in patients with epileptic encephalopathy. Brain 2024; 147:2803-2816. [PMID: 38650060 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In severe epileptic encephalopathies, epileptic activity contributes to progressive cognitive dysfunction. Epileptic encephalopathies share the trait of spike-wave activation during non-REM sleep (EE-SWAS), a sleep stage dominated by sleep spindles, which are brain oscillations known to coordinate offline memory consolidation. Epileptic activity has been proposed to hijack the circuits driving these thalamocortical oscillations, thereby contributing to cognitive impairment. Using a unique dataset of simultaneous human thalamic and cortical recordings in subjects with and without EE-SWAS, we provide evidence for epileptic spike interference of thalamic sleep spindle production in patients with EE-SWAS. First, we show that epileptic spikes and sleep spindles are both predicted by slow oscillations during stage two sleep (N2), but at different phases of the slow oscillation. Next, we demonstrate that sleep-activated cortical epileptic spikes propagate to the thalamus (thalamic spike rate increases after a cortical spike, P ≈ 0). We then show that epileptic spikes in the thalamus increase the thalamic spindle refractory period (P ≈ 0). Finally, we show that in three patients with EE-SWAS, there is a downregulation of sleep spindles for 30 s after each thalamic spike (P < 0.01). These direct human thalamocortical observations support a proposed mechanism for epileptiform activity to impact cognitive function, wherein epileptic spikes inhibit thalamic sleep spindles in epileptic encephalopathy with spike and wave activation during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Wodeyar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhinakaran Chinappen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dimitris Mylonas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bryan Baxter
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dara S Manoach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Uri T Eden
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark A Kramer
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Catherine J Chu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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6
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Hall JD, Green JM, Chen YCA, Liu Y, Zhang H, Sundman MH, Chou YH. Exploring the potential of combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography to investigate mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. GeroScience 2024; 46:3659-3693. [PMID: 38356029 PMCID: PMC11226590 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) are non-invasive techniques used for neuromodulation and recording brain electrical activity, respectively. The integration of TMS-EEG has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the complex mechanisms involved in age-related disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By systematically synthesizing TMS-EEG studies, this review aims to shed light on the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying MCI and AD, while also exploring the practical applications of TMS-EEG in clinical settings. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsychInfo were selected as the databases for this review. The 22 eligible studies included a total of 592 individuals with MCI or AD as well as 301 cognitively normal adults. TMS-EEG assessments unveiled specific patterns of corticospinal excitability, plasticity, and brain connectivity that distinguished individuals on the AD spectrum from cognitively normal older adults. Moreover, the TMS-induced EEG features were observed to be correlated with cognitive performance and the presence of AD pathological biomarkers. The comprehensive examination of the existing studies demonstrates that the combination of TMS and EEG has yielded valuable insights into the neurophysiology of MCI and AD. This integration shows great potential for early detection, monitoring disease progression, and anticipating response to treatment. Future research is of paramount importance to delve into the potential utilization of TMS-EEG for treatment optimization in individuals with MCI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hall
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jacob M Green
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yu-Chin A Chen
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yilin Liu
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hangbin Zhang
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mark H Sundman
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Chou
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Arizona Center On Aging, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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7
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Kunčická D, Krajčovič B, Stuchlík A, Brožka H. Neuroscientist's Behavioral Toolbox for Studying Episodic-Like Memory. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0073-24.2024. [PMID: 39214694 PMCID: PMC11366770 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0073-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory, the ability to recall specific events and experiences, is a cornerstone of human cognition with profound clinical implications. While animal studies have provided valuable insights into the neuronal underpinnings of episodic memory, research has largely relied on a limited subset of tasks that model only some aspects of episodic memory. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of rodent episodic-like memory tasks that expand the methodological repertoire and diversify the approaches used in episodic-like memory research. These tasks assess various aspects of human episodic memory, such as integrated what-where-when or what-where memory, source memory, free recall, temporal binding, and threshold retrieval dynamics. We review each task's general principle and consider whether alternative non-episodic mechanisms can account for the observed behavior. While our list of tasks is not exhaustive, we hope it will guide researchers in selecting models that align with their specific research objectives, leading to novel advancements and a more comprehensive understanding of mechanisms underlying specific aspects of episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kunčická
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czechia
| | - Branislav Krajčovič
- Department of Physiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 150 06, Czechia
| | - Aleš Stuchlík
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czechia
| | - Hana Brožka
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czechia
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Guerreiro IC, Clopath C. Memory's gatekeeper: The role of PFC in the encoding of congruent events. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403648121. [PMID: 39018188 PMCID: PMC11287283 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403648121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Theoretical models conventionally portray the consolidation of memories as a slow process that unfolds during sleep. According to the classical Complementary Learning Systems theory, the hippocampus (HPC) rapidly changes its connectivity during wakefulness to encode ongoing events and create memory ensembles that are later transferred to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during sleep. However, recent experimental studies challenge this notion by showing that new information consistent with prior knowledge can be rapidly consolidated in PFC during wakefulness and that PFC lesions disrupt the encoding of congruent events in the HPC. The contributions of the PFC to memory encoding have therefore largely been overlooked. Moreover, most theoretical frameworks assume random and uncorrelated patterns representing memories, disregarding the correlations between our experiences. To address these shortcomings, we developed a HPC-PFC network model that simulates interactions between the HPC and PFC during the encoding of a memory (awake stage), and subsequent consolidation (sleeping stage) to examine the contributions of each region to the consolidation of novel and congruent memories. Our results show that the PFC network uses stored memory "schemas" consolidated during previous experiences to identify inputs that evoke congruent patterns of activity, quickly integrate it into its network, and gate which components are encoded in the HPC. More specifically, the PFC uses GABAergic long-range projections to inhibit HPC neurons representing input components correlated with a previously stored memory "schema," eliciting sparse hippocampal activity during exposure to congruent events, as it has been experimentally observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C. Guerreiro
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Clopath
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Xiang LY, Chen XY, Lu LM, Kong MH, Ji Q, Xiong Y, Xie MM, Jian XL, Zhu ZR. Mechanisms of Neuronal Reactivation in Memory Consolidation: A Perspective from Pathological Conditions. Neuroscience 2024; 551:196-204. [PMID: 38810690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Memory consolidation refers to a process by which labile newly formed memory traces are progressively strengthened into long term memories and become more resistant to interference. Recent work has revealed that spontaneous hippocampal activity during rest, commonly referred to as "offline" activity, plays a critical role in the process of memory consolidation. Hippocampal reactivation occurs during sharp-wave ripples (SWRs), which are events associated with highly synchronous neural firing in the hippocampus and modulation of neural activity in distributed brain regions. Memory consolidation occurs primarily through a coordinated communication between hippocampus and neocortex. Cortical slow oscillations drive the repeated reactivation of hippocampal memory representations together with SWRs and thalamo-cortical spindles, inducing long-lasting cellular and network modifications responsible for memory stabilization.In this review, we aim to comprehensively cover the field of "reactivation and memory consolidation" research by detailing the physiological mechanisms of neuronal reactivation and firing patterns during SWRs and providing a discussion of more recent key findings. Several mechanistic explanations of neuropsychiatric diseases propose that impaired neural replay may underlie some of the symptoms of the disorders. Abnormalities in neuronal reactivation are a common phenomenon and cause pathological impairment in several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), epilepsy and schizophrenia. However, the specific pathological changes and mechanisms of reactivation in each disease are different. Recent work has also enlightened some of the underlying pathological mechanisms of neuronal reactivation in these diseases. In this review, we further describe how SWRs, ripples and slow oscillations are affected in Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. We then compare the differences of neuronal reactivation and discuss how different reactivation abnormalities cause pathological changes in these diseases. Aberrant neural reactivation provides insights into disease pathogenesis and may even serve as biomarkers for early disease progression and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ying Xiang
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Li-Ming Lu
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Kong
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qi Ji
- Department of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Mei-Ming Xie
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Western Theater General Hospital, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xin-Ling Jian
- No. 950 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Yecheng, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ru Zhu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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10
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Stout JJ, George AE, Kim S, Hallock HL, Griffin AL. Using synchronized brain rhythms to bias memory-guided decisions. eLife 2024; 12:RP92033. [PMID: 39037771 PMCID: PMC11262798 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional interactions between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, as revealed by strong oscillatory synchronization in the theta (6-11 Hz) frequency range, correlate with memory-guided decision-making. However, the degree to which this form of long-range synchronization influences memory-guided choice remains unclear. We developed a brain-machine interface that initiated task trials based on the magnitude of prefrontal-hippocampal theta synchronization, then measured choice outcomes. Trials initiated based on strong prefrontal-hippocampal theta synchrony were more likely to be correct compared to control trials on both working memory-dependent and -independent tasks. Prefrontal-thalamic neural interactions increased with prefrontal-hippocampal synchrony and optogenetic activation of the ventral midline thalamus primarily entrained prefrontal theta rhythms, but dynamically modulated synchrony. Together, our results show that prefrontal-hippocampal theta synchronization leads to a higher probability of a correct choice and strengthens prefrontal-thalamic dialogue. Our findings reveal new insights into the neural circuit dynamics underlying memory-guided choices and highlight a promising technique to potentiate cognitive processes or behavior via brain-machine interfacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Stout
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of DelawareNewarkUnited States
| | | | - Suhyeong Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of DelawareNewarkUnited States
| | | | - Amy L Griffin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of DelawareNewarkUnited States
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11
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Cox AW, Fernandes MA. Long-term cognitive and affective consequences of mild traumatic brain injury: comparison with older adults. Brain Inj 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38994705 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2376769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Memory and affective processing were compared in young adults with a remote mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), to healthy younger and older adults. We evaluated memory performance when encoding was done under multi-tasking (divided attention) conditions, likely to exacerbate cognitive and psychological symptoms in mTBI. METHODS Participants studied pairs of unrelated words under either full or divided attention conditions. Memory for single words (item memory) and for pairs of words (associative memory) was then assessed in sequential independent recognition tests, under full attention. RESULTS Associative memory was poorer than item memory, and worse when encoding was done under divided than full attention. The decline in recognition accuracy from full to divided attention conditions on the associative memory test was significantly greater in mTBI compared to young adults and was similar in magnitude to that observed in older adults under full attention. Self-reported mental and total fatigue increased significantly as performance on the memory tests, following the divided attention condition, decreased, but only in the mTBI group. CONCLUSIONS Results show lingering memory deficits, and suggest that cognitive tasks may be experienced as psychologically more demanding in those with a mTBI, even months or years after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam William Cox
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myra A Fernandes
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Wugalter KA, Schroeder RA, Thurston RC, Wu M, Aizenstein HJ, Cohen AD, Kamboh MI, Karikari TK, Derby CA, Maki PM. Associations of endogenous estrogens, plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and APOE4 carrier status on regional brain volumes in postmenopausal women. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1426070. [PMID: 39044806 PMCID: PMC11263297 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1426070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Women carrying the APOE4 allele are at greater risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) from ages 65-75 years compared to men. To better understand the elevated risk conferred by APOE4 carrier status among midlife women, we investigated the separate and interactive associations of endogenous estrogens, plasma AD biomarkers, and APOE4 carrier status on regional brain volumes in a sample of late midlife postmenopausal women. Methods Participants were enrolled in MsBrain, a cohort study of postmenopausal women (n = 171, mean age = 59.4 years, mean MoCA score = 26.9; race = 83.2% white, APOE4 carriers = 40). Serum estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) levels were assessed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. APOE genotype was determined using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. Plasma AD biomarkers were measured using single molecule array technology. Cortical volume was measured and segmented by FreeSurfer software using individual T1w MPRAGE images. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to determine whether separate and interactive associations between endogenous estrogen levels, plasma AD biomarkers (Aβ42/Aβ40, Aβ42/p-tau181), and APOE4 carrier status predict regional brain volume (21 regions per hemisphere, selected a priori); and, whether significant interactive associations between estrogens and AD biomarkers on brain volume differed by APOE4 carrier status. Results There was no main effect of APOE4 carrier status on regional brain volumes, endogenous estrogen levels, or plasma AD biomarkers. Estrogens did not associate with regional brain volumes, except for positive associations with left caudal middle frontal gyrus and fusiform volumes. The interactive association of estrogens and APOE4 carrier status on brain volume was not significant for any region. The interactive association of estrogens and plasma AD biomarkers predicted brain volume of several regions. Higher E1 and E2 were more strongly associated with greater regional brain volumes among women with a poorer AD biomarker profile (lower Aβ42/40, lower Aβ42/p-tau181 ratios). In APOE4-stratified analyses, these interactions were driven by non-APOE4 carriers. Conclusion We demonstrate that the brain volumes of postmenopausal women with poorer AD biomarker profiles benefit most from higher endogenous estrogen levels. These findings are driven by non-APOE4 carriers, suggesting that APOE4 carriers may be insensitive to the favorable effects of estrogens on brain volume in the postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A. Wugalter
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rachel A. Schroeder
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rebecca C. Thurston
- Departments of Psychiatry, Epidemiology, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Minjie Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Howard J. Aizenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ann D. Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics, and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Thomas K. Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Carol A. Derby
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Pauline M. Maki
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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13
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Santos da Silva Calado CM, Manhães-de-Castro R, Souza VDS, Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia HJ, Pereira SDC, da Silva MM, Albuquerque GLD, Lima BMP, Lira AVSMD, Toscano AE. Early-life malnutrition role in memory, emotional behavior and motor impairments in early brain lesions with potential for neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38963807 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2361572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aims to evaluate the impact of early exposure to brain injury and malnutrition on episodic memory and behavior. METHODS For this, a systematic review was carried out in the Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS databases with no year or language restrictions. RESULTS Initially, 1759 studies were detected. After screening, 53 studies remained to be read in full. The meta-analysis demonstrated that exposure to double insults worsens episodic recognition memory but does not affect spatial memory. Early exposure to low-protein diets has been demonstrated to aggravate locomotor and masticatory sequelae. Furthermore, it reduces the weight of the soleus muscle and the muscle fibers of the masseter and digastric muscles. Early exposure to high-fat diets promotes an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, increasing anxiety- and depression-like behavior and reducing locomotion. DISCUSSION Epigenetic modifications were noted in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex depending on the type of dietetic exposure in early life. These findings demonstrate the impact of the double insult on regions involved in cognitive and behavioral processes. Additional studies are essential to understand the real impact of the double insults in the critical period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Glayciele Leandro de Albuquerque
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Bruno Monteiro Paiva Lima
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
- Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, Brazil
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14
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Das A, Menon V. Frequency-specific directed connectivity between the hippocampus and parietal cortex during verbal and spatial episodic memory: an intracranial EEG replication. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae287. [PMID: 39042030 PMCID: PMC11264422 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampus-parietal cortex circuits are thought to play a crucial role in memory and attention, but their neural basis remains poorly understood. We employed intracranial intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) to investigate the neurophysiological underpinning of these circuits across three memory tasks spanning verbal and spatial domains. We uncovered a consistent pattern of higher causal directed connectivity from the hippocampus to both lateral parietal cortex (supramarginal and angular gyrus) and medial parietal cortex (posterior cingulate cortex) in the delta-theta band during memory encoding and recall. This connectivity was independent of activation or suppression states in the hippocampus or parietal cortex. Crucially, directed connectivity from the supramarginal gyrus to the hippocampus was enhanced in participants with higher memory recall, highlighting its behavioral significance. Our findings align with the attention-to-memory model, which posits that attention directs cognitive resources toward pertinent information during memory formation. The robustness of these results was demonstrated through Bayesian replication analysis of the memory encoding and recall periods across the three tasks. Our study sheds light on the neural basis of casual signaling within hippocampus-parietal circuits, broadening our understanding of their critical roles in human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Das
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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15
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Bhat AR, Arya AK, Bhopale VM, Imtiyaz Z, Xu S, Bedir D, Thom SR. Persistent neuroinflammation and functional deficits in a murine model of decompression sickness. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 137:63-73. [PMID: 38660728 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00097.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that early intra-central nervous system (CNS) responses in a murine model of decompression sickness (DCS) would be reflected by changes in the microparticles (MPs) that exit the brain via the glymphatic system, and due to systemic responses the MPs would cause inflammatory changes lasting for many days leading to functional neurological deficits. Elevations on the order of threefold of blood-borne inflammatory MPs, neutrophil activation, glymphatic flow, and neuroinflammation in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were found in mice at 12 days after exposure to 760 kPa of air for 2 h. Mice also exhibited a significant decline in memory and locomotor activity, as assessed by novel object recognition and rotarod testing. Similar inflammatory changes in blood, neuroinflammation, and functional impairments were initiated in naïve mice by injection of filamentous (F-) actin-positive MPs, but not F-actin-negative MPs, obtained from decompressed mice. We conclude that high pressure/decompression stress establishes a systemic inflammatory process that results in prolonged neuroinflammation and functional impairments in the mouse decompression model.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Elevated glymphatic flow due to astrocyte and microglial activation from high-pressure exposure triggers release of microparticles (MPs) to the circulation where neutrophil activation and production of filamentous (F)-actin expressing MPs result in a persistent feed-forward neuroinflammatory cycle and functional deficits lasting for at least 12 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid R Bhat
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Awadhesh K Arya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Veena M Bhopale
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Zuha Imtiyaz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Su Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Dilara Bedir
- Department of Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, Gulhane Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Stephen R Thom
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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16
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Hadler MD, Alle H, Geiger JRP. Parvalbumin interneuron cell-to-network plasticity: mechanisms and therapeutic avenues. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:586-601. [PMID: 38763836 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) represent two major neuropathological conditions with a high disease burden. Despite their distinct etiologies, patients suffering from AD or SCZ share a common burden of disrupted memory functions unattended by current therapies. Recent preclinical analyses highlight cell-type-specific contributions of parvalbumin interneurons (PVIs), particularly the plasticity of their cellular excitability, towards intact neuronal network function (cell-to-network plasticity) and memory performance. Here we argue that deficits of PVI cell-to-network plasticity may underlie memory deficits in AD and SCZ, and we explore two therapeutic avenues: the targeting of PVI-specific neuromodulation, including by neuropeptides, and the recruitment of network synchrony in the gamma frequency range (40 Hz) by external stimulation. We finally propose that these approaches be merged under consideration of recent insights into human brain physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Hadler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Henrik Alle
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg R P Geiger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Forys BJ, Winstanley CA, Kingstone A, Todd RM. Short-Term Memory Capacity Predicts Willingness to Expend Cognitive Effort for Reward. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0068-24.2024. [PMID: 38866500 PMCID: PMC11218033 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0068-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We must often decide whether the effort required for a task is worth the reward. Past rodent work suggests that willingness to deploy cognitive effort can be driven by individual differences in perceived reward value, depression, or chronic stress. However, many factors driving cognitive effort deployment-such as short-term memory ability-cannot easily be captured in rodents. Furthermore, we do not fully understand how individual differences in short-term memory ability, depression, chronic stress, and reward anticipation impact cognitive effort deployment for reward. Here, we examined whether these factors predict cognitive effort deployment for higher reward in an online visual short-term memory task. Undergraduate participants were grouped into high and low effort groups (n HighEffort = 348, n LowEffort = 81; n Female = 332, n Male = 92, M Age = 20.37, Range Age = 16-42) based on decisions in this task. After completing a monetary incentive task to measure reward anticipation, participants completed short-term memory task trials where they could choose to encode either fewer (low effort/reward) or more (high effort/reward) squares before reporting whether or not the color of a target square matched the square previously in that location. We found that only greater short-term memory ability predicted whether participants chose a much higher proportion of high versus low effort trials. Drift diffusion modeling showed that high effort group participants were more biased than low effort group participants toward selecting high effort trials. Our findings highlight the role of individual differences in cognitive effort ability in explaining cognitive effort deployment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Forys
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Catharine A Winstanley
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alan Kingstone
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rebecca M Todd
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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18
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Battaglia S, Nazzi C, Fullana MA, di Pellegrino G, Borgomaneri S. 'Nip it in the bud': Low-frequency rTMS of the prefrontal cortex disrupts threat memory consolidation in humans. Behav Res Ther 2024; 178:104548. [PMID: 38704974 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
It is still unclear how the human brain consolidates aversive (e.g., traumatic) memories and whether this process can be disrupted. We hypothesized that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is crucially involved in threat memory consolidation. To test this, we used low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) within the memory stabilization time window to disrupt the expression of threat memory. We combined a differential threat-conditioning paradigm with LF-rTMS targeting the dlPFC in the critical condition, and occipital cortex stimulation, delayed dlPFC stimulation, and sham stimulation as control conditions. In the critical condition, defensive reactions to threat were reduced immediately after brain stimulation, and 1 h and 24 h later. In stark contrast, no decrease was observed in the control conditions, thus showing both the anatomical and temporal specificity of our intervention. We provide causal evidence that selectively targeting the dlPFC within the early consolidation period prevents the persistence and return of conditioned responses. Furthermore, memory disruption lasted longer than the inhibitory window created by our TMS protocol, which suggests that we influenced dlPFC neural activity and hampered the underlying, time-dependent consolidation process. These results provide important insights for future clinical applications aimed at interfering with the consolidation of aversive, threat-related memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Battaglia
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521, Cesena, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124, Turin, Italy.
| | - Claudio Nazzi
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521, Cesena, Italy
| | - Miquel A Fullana
- Adult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe di Pellegrino
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521, Cesena, Italy
| | - Sara Borgomaneri
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521, Cesena, Italy.
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19
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Pomi A, Lin J, Mizraji E. A memory access gate controlled by dynamic contexts. Biosystems 2024; 241:105232. [PMID: 38754622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Temporary difficulties in accessing the contents of memories are a common experience in everyday life, for example, when we try to recognize a known person in an unusual context. In addition, recent experiments seem to indicate that retrograde amnesia in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease is due to disorders in accessing memories that were installed normally. These facts suggest the existence of an intermediate step between the stimulus arrival and the associative recognition. In this work, a multimodular neurocomputational model is presented postulating the existence of a neural gate that controls the access of the stimulus with its context to the consolidated memory. If recognition is not achieved, a random search is initiated in a contextual network aroused by the initial context. The search continues until the appropriate context that allows for recognition is found or until the process is turned off because the initial stimulus is no longer maintained in the working memory. The model is based on vector patterns of neural activity and context-dependent matrix memories. Simple Markov chain simulations are presented to exemplify possible search scenarios in the contextual network. Finally, we discuss some of the characteristics of the model and the phenomenon under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pomi
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Juan Lin
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Physics Department, Washington College, Chestertown, MD, 21620, USA
| | - Eduardo Mizraji
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
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20
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Ma JC, Che XH, Zhu XN, Ren AX, Hu Y, Yang CL, Xu ZT, Li YT, Wu CF, Yang JY. Single-dose methamphetamine administration impairs ORM retrieval in mice via excessive DA-mediated inhibition of PrL Glu activity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01321-9. [PMID: 38914676 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH), an abused psychostimulant, impairs cognition through prolonged or even single-dose exposure, but animal experiments have shown contradictory effects on memory deficits. In this study we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of single-dose METH administration on the retrieval of object recognition memory (ORM) in mice. We showed that single-dose METH administration (2 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly impaired ORM retrieval in mice. Fiber photometry recording in METH-treated mice revealed that the activity of prelimbic cortex glutamatergic neurons (PrLGlu) was significantly reduced during ORM retrieval. Chemogenetic activation of PrLGlu or glutamatergic projections from ventral CA1 to PrL (vCA1Glu-PrL) rescued ORM retrieval impairment. Fiber photometry recording revealed that dopamine (DA) levels in PrL of METH-treated mice were significantly increased, and micro-infusion of the D2 receptor (D2R) antagonist sulpiride (0.25 μg/side) into PrL rescued ORM retrieval impairment. Whole-cell recordings in brain slices containing the PrL revealed that PrLGlu intrinsic excitability and basal glutamatergic synaptic transmission were significantly reduced in METH-treated mice, and the decrease in intrinsic excitability was reversed by micro-infusion of Sulpiride into PrL in METH-treated mice. Thus, the impaired ORM retrieval caused by single-dose METH administration may be attributed to reduced PrLGlu activity, possibly due to excessive DA activity on D2R. Selective activation of PrLGlu or vCA1Glu-PrL may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for METH-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chi Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hang Che
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Na Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ao-Xin Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Cheng-Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chun-Fu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jing-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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21
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Rogers B. Evaluating frontoparietal network topography for diagnostic markers of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14135. [PMID: 38898075 PMCID: PMC11187222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous prospective biomarkers are being studied for their ability to diagnose various stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). High-density electroencephalogram (EEG) methods show promise as an accurate, economical, non-invasive approach to measuring the electrical potentials of brains associated with AD. Event-related potentials (ERPs) may serve as clinically useful biomarkers of AD. Through analysis of secondary data, the present study examined the performance and distribution of N4/P6 ERPs across the frontoparietal network (FPN) using EEG topographic mapping. ERP measures and memory as a function of reaction time (RT) were compared between a group of (n = 63) mild untreated AD patients and a control group of (n = 73) healthy age-matched adults. Based on the literature presented, it was expected that healthy controls would outperform patients in peak amplitude and mean component latency across three parameters of memory when measured at optimal N4 (frontal) and P6 (parietal) locations. It was also predicted that the control group would exhibit neural cohesion through FPN integration during cross-modal tasks, thus demonstrating healthy cognitive functioning consistent with older healthy adults. By targeting select frontal and parietal EEG reference channels based on N4/P6 component time windows and positivity, our findings demonstrated statistically significant group variations between controls and patients in N4/P6 peak amplitudes and latencies during cross-modal testing. Our results also support that the N4 ERP might be stronger than its P6 counterpart as a possible candidate biomarker. We conclude through topographic mapping that FPN integration occurs in healthy controls but is absent in AD patients during cross-modal memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayard Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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22
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Long X, Deng B, Shen R, Yang L, Chen L, Ran Q, Du X, Zhang SJ. Border cells without theta rhythmicity in the medial prefrontal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321614121. [PMID: 38857401 PMCID: PMC11194599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321614121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key brain structure for higher cognitive functions such as decision-making and goal-directed behavior, many of which require awareness of spatial variables including one's current position within the surrounding environment. Although previous studies have reported spatially tuned activities in mPFC during memory-related trajectory, the spatial tuning of mPFC network during freely foraging behavior remains elusive. Here, we reveal geometric border or border-proximal representations from the neural activity of mPFC ensembles during naturally exploring behavior, with both allocentric and egocentric boundary responses. Unlike most of classical border cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) discharging along a single wall, a large majority of border cells in mPFC fire particularly along four walls. mPFC border cells generate new firing fields to external insert, and remain stable under darkness, across distinct shapes, and in novel environments. In contrast to hippocampal theta entrainment during spatial working memory tasks, mPFC border cells rarely exhibited theta rhythmicity during spontaneous locomotion behavior. These findings reveal spatially modulated activity in mPFC, supporting local computation for cognitive functions involving spatial context and contributing to a broad spatial tuning property of cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Qingxia Ran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
| | - Sheng-Jia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing400037, China
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23
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Pirazzini G, Ursino M. Modeling the contribution of theta-gamma coupling to sequential memory, imagination, and dreaming. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1326609. [PMID: 38947492 PMCID: PMC11211613 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1326609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma oscillations nested in a theta rhythm are observed in the hippocampus, where are assumed to play a role in sequential episodic memory, i.e., memorization and retrieval of events that unfold in time. In this work, we present an original neurocomputational model based on neural masses, which simulates the encoding of sequences of events in the hippocampus and subsequent retrieval by exploiting the theta-gamma code. The model is based on a three-layer structure in which individual Units oscillate with a gamma rhythm and code for individual features of an episode. The first layer (working memory in the prefrontal cortex) maintains a cue in memory until a new signal is presented. The second layer (CA3 cells) implements an auto-associative memory, exploiting excitatory and inhibitory plastic synapses to recover an entire episode from a single feature. Units in this layer are disinhibited by a theta rhythm from an external source (septum or Papez circuit). The third layer (CA1 cells) implements a hetero-associative net with the previous layer, able to recover a sequence of episodes from the first one. During an encoding phase, simulating high-acetylcholine levels, the network is trained with Hebbian (synchronizing) and anti-Hebbian (desynchronizing) rules. During retrieval (low-acetylcholine), the network can correctly recover sequences from an initial cue using gamma oscillations nested inside the theta rhythm. Moreover, in high noise, the network isolated from the environment simulates a mind-wandering condition, randomly replicating previous sequences. Interestingly, in a state simulating sleep, with increased noise and reduced synapses, the network can "dream" by creatively combining sequences, exploiting features shared by different episodes. Finally, an irrational behavior (erroneous superimposition of features in various episodes, like "delusion") occurs after pathological-like reduction in fast inhibitory synapses. The model can represent a straightforward and innovative tool to help mechanistically understand the theta-gamma code in different mental states.
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24
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Yeung MK. Metamemory and executive function mediate the age-related decline in memory. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:479-488. [PMID: 38221867 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723011451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the effect of aging on episodic memory is relatively well studied, little is known about how aging influences metamemory. In addition, while executive function (EF) is known to mediate the age-related decline in episodic memory, the role of metamemory in aging-related memory differences beyond EF remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of aging on metamemory and to clarify the role of metamemory in the age-related decline in memory. METHOD One hundred and four adults aged 18-79 years (50 M, 54 F) performed several EF tasks, as well as a face-scene paired-associate learning task that required them to make judgments of learning, feeling-of-knowing judgments, and retrospective confidence judgments. RESULTS Aging was significantly associated with poor metamemory accuracy and increased confidence across metamemory judgment types, even after controlling for EF and memory performance. A parallel mediation analysis indicated that both confidence of learning and EF performance had significant partial mediation effects on the relationship between aging and memory, albeit in different ways. Specifically, poor EF explained the age-related decline in memory, whereas increased confidence of learning served to compensate for this memory decline. CONCLUSIONS Aging is associated with general changes (i.e., poor inferences from cues) rather than specific changes (i.e., declined activation or utilization of certain cues) in metamemory monitoring. Also, changes in confidence of learning and in EF ability contribute to the preservation and decline of memory during aging, respectively. Therefore, boosting confidence during encoding and enhancing EF skills might be complementary memory intervention strategies for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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25
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Vantomme G, Devienne G, Hull JM, Huguenard JR. Reuniens thalamus recruits recurrent excitation in medial prefrontal cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.31.596906. [PMID: 38854099 PMCID: PMC11160760 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.31.596906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus are critical for memory retrieval, decision making and emotional regulation. While ventral CA1 (vCA1) shows direct and reciprocal connections with mPFC, dorsal CA1 (dCA1) forms indirect pathways to mPFC, notably via the thalamic Reuniens nucleus (Re). Neuroanatomical tracing has documented structural connectivity of this indirect pathway through Re however, its functional operation is largely unexplored. Here we used in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology along with optogenetics to address this question. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in acute mouse brain slices revealed both monosynaptic excitatory responses and disynaptic feedforward inhibition for both Re-mPFC and Re-dCA1 pathways. However, we also identified a novel biphasic excitation of mPFC by Re, but not dCA1. These early monosynaptic and late recurrent components are in marked contrast to the primarily feedforward inhibition characteristic of thalamic inputs to neocortex. Local field potential recordings in mPFC brain slices revealed that this biphasic excitation propagates throughout all cortical lamina, with the late excitation specifically enhanced by GABAAR blockade. In vivo Neuropixels recordings in head-fixed awake mice revealed a similar biphasic excitation of mPFC units by Re activation. In summary, Re output produces recurrent feed-forward excitation within mPFC suggesting a potent amplification system in the Re-mPFC network. This may facilitate amplification of dCA1->mPFC signals for which Re acts as the primary conduit, as there is little direct connectivity. In addition, the capacity of mPFC neurons to fire bursts of action potentials in response to Re input suggests that these synapses have a high gain. Significance statement The interactions between medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are crucial for memory formation and retrieval. Yet, it is still poorly understood how the functional connectivity of direct and indirect pathways underlies these functions. This research explores the synaptic connectivity of the indirect pathway through the Reuniens nucleus of the thalamus using electrophysiological recordings and optogenetic manipulations. The study found that Reuniens stimulation recruits recurrent and long-lasting activity in mPFC - a phenomenon not previously recorded. This recurrent activity might create a temporal window ideal for coincidence detection and be an underlying mechanism for memory formation and retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Vantomme
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Devienne
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jacob M Hull
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John R Huguenard
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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26
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Yang Y, Fu S, Jiang G, Xu G, Tian J, Ma X. Functional connectivity changes of the hippocampal subregions in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:686-697. [PMID: 38363500 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Nevertheless, the connection between the resting-state activity of the hippocampal subregions and neuropsychiatric disorders in patients remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the changes in functional connectivity (FC) in the hippocampal subregions of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and its association with clinical symptoms and cognitive performance. Twenty-three patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 23 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and completed clinical cognitive scales. Based on the Brainnetome Atlas, the rostral (anterior) and caudal (posterior) hippocampi of both the left and right hemispheres were selected as regions of interest (ROIs) for FC analysis. First, a one-sample t-test was used to observe the whole-brain connectivity distribution of hippocampal subregions within the patient and HC groups at a threshold of p < 0.05. The two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences in hippocampal ROIs connectivity between groups, followed by a partial correlation analysis between the FC values of brain regions with statistical differences and clinical variables. This study observed that the distribution of whole-brain functional connectivity in the rostral and caudal hippocampi aligned with the connectivity differences between the anterior and posterior hippocampi. Compared to the HC group, the patients showed significantly decreased FC between the bilateral rostral hippocampus and the left inferior orbitofrontal gyrus and between the right rostral hippocampus and the right cerebellum. However, a significant increase in FC was observed between the right rostral hippocampus and left superior temporal gyrus, the left caudal hippocampus and right superior frontal gyrus, and the right caudal hippocampus and left gyrus rectus. Partial correlation analysis showed that FC between the left inferior orbitofrontal gyrus and the right rostral hippocampus was significantly negatively correlated with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT) scores. The FC between the right rostral hippocampus and the left superior temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with BVMT scores. FC abnormalities in the hippocampal subregions of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were associated with cognitive impairment, emotional changes, and seizures. These results may help explain the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and NMDAR dysfunction-related diseases such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medial University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong province, PR China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Shishun Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No.466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China
| | - Junzhang Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaofen Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Road Xingang, Guangzhou, 510317, P. R. China.
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27
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Bhandari K, Kanodia H, Donato F, Caroni P. Selective vulnerability of the ventral hippocampus-prelimbic cortex axis parvalbumin interneuron network underlies learning deficits of fragile X mice. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114124. [PMID: 38630591 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
High-penetrance mutations affecting mental health can involve genes ubiquitously expressed in the brain. Whether the specific patterns of dysfunctions result from ubiquitous circuit deficits or might reflect selective vulnerabilities of targetable subnetworks has remained unclear. Here, we determine how loss of ubiquitously expressed fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), the cause of fragile X syndrome, affects brain networks in Fmr1y/- mice. We find that in wild-type mice, area-specific knockout of FMRP in the adult mimics behavioral consequences of area-specific silencing. By contrast, the functional axis linking the ventral hippocampus (vH) to the prelimbic cortex (PreL) is selectively affected in constitutive Fmr1y/- mice. A chronic alteration in late-born parvalbumin interneuron networks across the vH-PreL axis rescued by VIP signaling specifically accounts for deficits in vH-PreL theta-band network coherence, ensemble assembly, and learning functions of Fmr1y/- mice. Therefore, vH-PreL axis function exhibits a selective vulnerability to loss of FMRP in the vH or PreL, leading to learning and memory dysfunctions in fragile X mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Bhandari
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harsh Kanodia
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Donato
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pico Caroni
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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28
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Hamada HT, Abe Y, Takata N, Taira M, Tanaka KF, Doya K. Optogenetic activation of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons induces brain-wide activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4152. [PMID: 38755120 PMCID: PMC11099070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Serotonin is a neuromodulator that affects multiple behavioral and cognitive functions. Nonetheless, how serotonin causes such a variety of effects via brain-wide projections and various receptors remains unclear. Here we measured brain-wide responses to optogenetic stimulation of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of the male mouse brain using functional MRI with an 11.7 T scanner and a cryoprobe. Transient activation of DRN serotonin neurons caused brain-wide activation, including the medial prefrontal cortex, the striatum, and the ventral tegmental area. The same stimulation under anesthesia with isoflurane decreased brain-wide activation, including the hippocampal complex. These brain-wide response patterns can be explained by DRN serotonergic projection topography and serotonin receptor expression profiles, with enhanced weights on 5-HT1 receptors. Together, these results provide insight into the DR serotonergic system, which is consistent with recent discoveries of its functions in adaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiro Taiyo Hamada
- Neural Computation Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
- Research & Development Department, Araya Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Abe
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Takata
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Taira
- Neural Computation Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Doya
- Neural Computation Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
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29
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Barbas H, Garcia-Cabezas MA, John Y, Bautista J, McKee A, Zikopoulos B. Cortical circuit principles predict patterns of trauma induced tauopathy in humans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.02.592271. [PMID: 38746103 PMCID: PMC11092596 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.02.592271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Connections in the cortex of diverse mammalian species are predicted reliably by the Structural Model for direction of pathways and signal processing (reviewed in 1,2). The model is rooted in the universal principle of cortical systematic variation in laminar structure and has been supported widely for connection patterns in animals but has not yet been tested for humans. Here, in postmortem brains of individuals neuropathologically diagnosed with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) we studied whether the hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) pathology parallels connection sequence in time by circuit mechanisms. CTE is a progressive p-tau pathology that begins focally in perivascular sites in sulcal depths of the neocortex (stages I-II) and later involves the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in stages III-IV. We provide novel quantitative evidence that the p-tau pathology in MTL A28 and nearby sites in CTE stage III closely follows the graded laminar patterns seen in homologous cortico-cortical connections in non-human primates. The Structural Model successfully predicted the laminar distribution of the p-tau neurofibrillary tangles and neurites and their density, based on the relative laminar (dis)similarity between the cortical origin (seed) and each connection site. The findings were validated for generalizability by a computational progression model. By contrast, the early focal perivascular pathology in the sulcal depths followed local columnar connectivity rules. These findings support the general applicability of a theoretical model to unravel the direction and progression of p-tau pathology in human neurodegeneration via a cortico-cortical mechanism. Cortical pathways converging on medial MTL help explain the progressive spread of p-tau pathology from focal cortical sites in early CTE to widespread lateral MTL areas and beyond in later disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Barbas
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 022152
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Boston Univ. and School of Medicine
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Miguel Angel Garcia-Cabezas
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yohan John
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 022152
| | - Julied Bautista
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 022152
| | - Ann McKee
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center, Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Basilis Zikopoulos
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Boston Univ. and School of Medicine
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA
- Human Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University
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30
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Shintaki R, Tanaka D, Suzuki S, Yoshimoto T, Sadato N, Chikazoe J, Jimura K. Continuous decision to wait for a future reward is guided by fronto-hippocampal anticipatory dynamics. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae217. [PMID: 38798003 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Deciding whether to wait for a future reward is crucial for surviving in an uncertain world. While seeking rewards, agents anticipate a reward in the present environment and constantly face a trade-off between staying in their environment or leaving it. It remains unclear, however, how humans make continuous decisions in such situations. Here, we show that anticipatory activity in the anterior prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus underpins continuous stay-leave decision-making. Participants awaited real liquid rewards available after tens of seconds, and their continuous decision was tracked by dynamic brain activity associated with the anticipation of a reward. Participants stopped waiting more frequently and sooner after they experienced longer delays and received smaller rewards. When the dynamic anticipatory brain activity was enhanced in the anterior prefrontal cortex, participants remained in their current environment, but when this activity diminished, they left the environment. Moreover, while experiencing a delayed reward in a novel environment, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus showed anticipatory activity. Finally, the activity in the anterior prefrontal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex was enhanced in participants adopting a leave strategy, whereas those remaining stationary showed enhanced hippocampal activity. Our results suggest that fronto-hippocampal anticipatory dynamics underlie continuous decision-making while anticipating a future reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Shintaki
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanaka
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Suzuki
- Centre for Brain, Mind and Markets, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Social Data Science and HIAS Brain Research Center, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, 186-8601, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yoshimoto
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Section of Brain Function Information, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Section of Brain Function Information, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Junichi Chikazoe
- Section of Brain Function Information, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Araya, Inc., 1-11 Kanda Sakuma-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0025, Japan
| | - Koji Jimura
- Department of Informatics, Gunma University, 4-2 Aramaki-machi, Maebashi, 371-8510, Japan
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31
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Ding K, He R, Wang X, Chen Q, Kenett YN. Recognizing ideas generated in a creative task: the roles of the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex in facilitating self-generated learning. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae219. [PMID: 38798002 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Creative idea generation plays an important role in promoting successful memory formation. Yet, its underlying neural correlates remain unclear. We investigated the self-generated learning of creative ideas motivated by the schema-linked interactions between medial prefrontal and medial temporal regions framework. This was achieved by having participants generate ideas in the alternative uses task, self-evaluating their ideas based on novelty and source (i.e. new or old), and then later being tested on the recognition performance of the generated ideas. At the behavioral level, our results indicated superior performances in discriminating novel ideas, highlighting the novelty effect on memory. At the neural level, the regions-of-interest analyses revealed that successful recognition of novel ideas was associated with greater activations in the hippocampus (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during ideation. However, only activation in the right HPC was positively related to the successful recognition of novel ideas. Importantly, the weaker the connection between the right HPC and left mPFC, the higher the recognition accuracy of novel ideas. Moreover, activations in the right HPC and left mPFC were both effective predictors of successful recognition of novel ideas. These findings uniquely highlight the role of novelty in promoting self-generated learning of creative ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ding
- Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technicon City, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ruizhi He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Dresden University of Technology, No. 10, Helmholtzstr, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yoed N Kenett
- Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technicon City, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
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Mercier O, Quilichini PP, Magalon K, Gil F, Ghestem A, Richard F, Boudier T, Cayre M, Durbec P. Transient demyelination causes long-term cognitive impairment, myelin alteration and network synchrony defects. Glia 2024; 72:960-981. [PMID: 38363046 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In the adult brain, activity-dependent myelin plasticity is required for proper learning and memory consolidation. Myelin loss, alteration, or even subtle structural modifications can therefore compromise the network activity, leading to functional impairment. In multiple sclerosis, spontaneous myelin repair process is possible, but it is heterogeneous among patients, sometimes leading to functional recovery, often more visible at the motor level than at the cognitive level. In cuprizone-treated mouse model, massive brain demyelination is followed by spontaneous and robust remyelination. However, reformed myelin, although functional, may not exhibit the same morphological characteristics as developmental myelin, which can have an impact on the activity of neural networks. In this context, we used the cuprizone-treated mouse model to analyze the structural, functional, and cognitive long-term effects of transient demyelination. Our results show that an episode of demyelination induces despite remyelination long-term cognitive impairment, such as deficits in spatial working memory, social memory, cognitive flexibility, and hyperactivity. These deficits were associated with a reduction in myelin content in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HPC), as well as structural myelin modifications, suggesting that the remyelination process may be imperfect in these structures. In vivo electrophysiological recordings showed that the demyelination episode altered the synchronization of HPC-mPFC activity, which is crucial for memory processes. Altogether, our data indicate that the myelin repair process following transient demyelination does not allow the complete recovery of the initial myelin properties in cortical structures. These subtle modifications alter network features, leading to prolonged cognitive deficits in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Mercier
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale P Quilichini
- U1106 after INS, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Magalon
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Florian Gil
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Ghestem
- U1106 after INS, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Richard
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Boudier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Myriam Cayre
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Durbec
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
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Parnas M, Manoim JE, Lin AC. Sensory encoding and memory in the mushroom body: signals, noise, and variability. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053825. [PMID: 38862174 PMCID: PMC11199953 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053825.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
To survive in changing environments, animals need to learn to associate specific sensory stimuli with positive or negative valence. How do they form stimulus-specific memories to distinguish between positively/negatively associated stimuli and other irrelevant stimuli? Solving this task is one of the functions of the mushroom body, the associative memory center in insect brains. Here we summarize recent work on sensory encoding and memory in the Drosophila mushroom body, highlighting general principles such as pattern separation, sparse coding, noise and variability, coincidence detection, and spatially localized neuromodulation, and placing the mushroom body in comparative perspective with mammalian memory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Parnas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Julia E Manoim
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Andrew C Lin
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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Tudi A, Yao M, Tang F, Zhou J, Li A, Gong H, Jiang T, Li X. Subregion preference in the long-range connectome of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. BMC Biol 2024; 22:95. [PMID: 38679719 PMCID: PMC11057135 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is involved in complex functions containing multiple types of neurons in distinct subregions with preferential roles. The pyramidal neurons had wide-range projections to cortical and subcortical regions with subregional preferences. Using a combination of viral tracing and fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) in transgenic mice, we systematically dissected the whole-brain connectomes of intratelencephalic (IT) and pyramidal tract (PT) neurons in four mPFC subregions. RESULTS IT and PT neurons of the same subregion projected to different target areas while receiving inputs from similar upstream regions with quantitative differences. IT and PT neurons all project to the amygdala and basal forebrain, but their axons target different subregions. Compared to subregions in the prelimbic area (PL) which have more connections with sensorimotor-related regions, the infralimbic area (ILA) has stronger connections with limbic regions. The connection pattern of the mPFC subregions along the anterior-posterior axis showed a corresponding topological pattern with the isocortex and amygdala but an opposite orientation correspondence with the thalamus. CONCLUSIONS By using transgenic mice and fMOST imaging, we obtained the subregional preference whole-brain connectomes of IT and pyramidal tract PT neurons in the mPFC four subregions. These results provide a comprehensive resource for directing research into the complex functions of the mPFC by offering anatomical dissections of the different subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayizuohere Tudi
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Yao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifang Tang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiandong Zhou
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China.
| | - Xiangning Li
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
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Negrón-Oyarzo I, Dib T, Chacana-Véliz L, López-Quilodrán N, Urrutia-Piñones J. Large-scale coupling of prefrontal activity patterns as a mechanism for cognitive control in health and disease: evidence from rodent models. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1286111. [PMID: 38638163 PMCID: PMC11024307 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1286111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive control of behavior is crucial for well-being, as allows subject to adapt to changing environments in a goal-directed way. Changes in cognitive control of behavior is observed during cognitive decline in elderly and in pathological mental conditions. Therefore, the recovery of cognitive control may provide a reliable preventive and therapeutic strategy. However, its neural basis is not completely understood. Cognitive control is supported by the prefrontal cortex, structure that integrates relevant information for the appropriate organization of behavior. At neurophysiological level, it is suggested that cognitive control is supported by local and large-scale synchronization of oscillatory activity patterns and neural spiking activity between the prefrontal cortex and distributed neural networks. In this review, we focus mainly on rodent models approaching the neuronal origin of these prefrontal patterns, and the cognitive and behavioral relevance of its coordination with distributed brain systems. We also examine the relationship between cognitive control and neural activity patterns in the prefrontal cortex, and its role in normal cognitive decline and pathological mental conditions. Finally, based on these body of evidence, we propose a common mechanism that may underlie the impaired cognitive control of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Negrón-Oyarzo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tatiana Dib
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Chacana-Véliz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Nélida López-Quilodrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Urrutia-Piñones
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Bevandić J, Chareyron LJ, Bachevalier J, Cacucci F, Genzel L, Newcombe NS, Vargha-Khadem F, Ólafsdóttir HF. Episodic memory development: Bridging animal and human research. Neuron 2024; 112:1060-1080. [PMID: 38359826 PMCID: PMC11129319 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Human episodic memory is not functionally evident until about 2 years of age and continues to develop into the school years. Behavioral studies have elucidated this developmental timeline and its constituent processes. In tandem, lesion and neurophysiological studies in non-human primates and rodents have identified key neural substrates and circuit mechanisms that may underlie episodic memory development. Despite this progress, collaborative efforts between psychologists and neuroscientists remain limited, hindering progress. Here, we seek to bridge human and non-human episodic memory development research by offering a comparative review of studies using humans, non-human primates, and rodents. We highlight critical theoretical and methodological issues that limit cross-fertilization and propose a common research framework, adaptable to different species, that may facilitate cross-species research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Bevandić
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Loïc J Chareyron
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry, Developmental Neurosciences, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jocelyne Bachevalier
- Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Emory National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Francesca Cacucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Lisa Genzel
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Nora S Newcombe
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Faraneh Vargha-Khadem
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry, Developmental Neurosciences, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
| | - H Freyja Ólafsdóttir
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Viard A, Allen AP, Doyle CM, Naveau M, Bokde ALW, Platel H, Eustache F, Commins S, Roche RAP. Autobiographical Cerebral Network Activation in Older Adults Before and After Reminiscence Therapy: A Preliminary Report. Biol Res Nurs 2024; 26:257-269. [PMID: 37907265 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231210982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reminiscence therapy (RT), which engages individuals to evoke positive memories, has been shown to be effective in improving psychological well-being in older adults suffering from PTSD, depression, and anxiety. However, its impact on brain function has yet to be determined. This paper presents functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to describe changes in autobiographical memory networks (AMN) in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This pilot study used a within-subject design to measure changes in AMN activation in 11 older adults who underwent 6 weeks of RT. In the scanner, participants retrieved autobiographical memories which were either recent or remote, rehearsed or unrehearsed. Participants also underwent a clinical interview to assess changes in memory, quality of life, mental health, and affect. FINDINGS Compared to pretreatment, anxiety decreased (z = -2.014, p = .040) and activated significant areas within the AMN, including bilateral medial prefrontal cortex, left precuneus, right occipital cortex, and left anterior hippocampus. CONCLUSION Although RT had subtle effects on psychological function in this sample with no evidence of impairments, including depression at baseline, the fMRI data support current thinking of the effect RT has on the AMN. Increased activation of right posterior hippocampus following RT is compatible with the Multiple Trace Theory Theory (Nadel & Moscovitch, 1997).
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Viard
- INSERM, U1077, EPHE, Université de Caen Normandie, PSL Research University, GIP Cyceron, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, France
| | - Andrew P Allen
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (TCIN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | | | - Mikaël Naveau
- UNICAEN, CNRS, CEA, INSERM, UAR3408 CYCERON, Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (TCIN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hervé Platel
- INSERM, U1077, EPHE, Université de Caen Normandie, PSL Research University, GIP Cyceron, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- INSERM, U1077, EPHE, Université de Caen Normandie, PSL Research University, GIP Cyceron, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, France
| | - Sean Commins
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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Meira T, Coelho A, Onat S, Ruano L, Cerqueira JJ. One-year regional brain volume changes as potential predictors of cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:957-965. [PMID: 37773245 PMCID: PMC10961282 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most reliable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) marker of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) is brain atrophy. However, 1-year volumetric changes prior to cognitive assessment were never studied as potential predictors of cognition, which we aim to assess with this pilot work. METHODS Twenty-two MS patients were submitted to a baseline measure of 83 regional brain volumes with MRI and re-evaluated 1 year later; they were also tested with the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS): sustained attention and processing speed were examined with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), verbal and visuo-spatial learning and memory with the learning trials from the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT) and the Brief Visuo-spatial Memory Test-revised (BVMT), respectively. Controlling for age, sex, and years of education, a multivariate linear regression model was created for each cognitive score at 1-year follow-up in a backward elimination manner, considering cross-sectional regional volumes and 1-year volume changes as potential predictors. RESULTS Decreases in the volumes of the left amygdala and the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex in the year prior to assessment were identified as possible predictors of worse performance in verbal memory (P = 0.009) and visuo-spatial memory (P = 0.001), respectively, independently of cross-sectional brain regional volumes at time of testing. CONCLUSION Our work reveals novel 1-year regional brain volume changes as potential predictors of cognitive deficits in MS. This suggests a possible role of these regions in such deficits and might contribute to uncover cognitively deteriorating patients, whose detection is still unsatisfying in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torcato Meira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital de Braga, Rua da Comunidades Lusíadas 133, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Seyda Onat
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Luís Ruano
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga, Rua Dr. Cândido Pinho 5, 4520-211, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - João José Cerqueira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- Neurology Department, Hospital de Braga, Rua da Comunidades Lusíadas 133, Braga, Portugal.
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Lopez MR, Wasberg SMH, Gagliardi CM, Normandin ME, Muzzio IA. Mystery of the memory engram: History, current knowledge, and unanswered questions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105574. [PMID: 38331127 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The quest to understand the memory engram has intrigued humans for centuries. Recent technological advances, including genetic labelling, imaging, optogenetic and chemogenetic techniques, have propelled the field of memory research forward. These tools have enabled researchers to create and erase memory components. While these innovative techniques have yielded invaluable insights, they often focus on specific elements of the memory trace. Genetic labelling may rely on a particular immediate early gene as a marker of activity, optogenetics may activate or inhibit one specific type of neuron, and imaging may capture activity snapshots in a given brain region at specific times. Yet, memories are multifaceted, involving diverse arrays of neuronal subpopulations, circuits, and regions that work in concert to create, store, and retrieve information. Consideration of contributions of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, micro and macro circuits across brain regions, the dynamic nature of active ensembles, and representational drift is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the complex nature of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Lopez
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - S M H Wasberg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - C M Gagliardi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - M E Normandin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - I A Muzzio
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Fan D, Che X, Jiang Y, He Q, Yu J, Zhao H. Noninvasive brain stimulations modulated brain modular interactions to ameliorate working memory in community-dwelling older adults. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae140. [PMID: 38602739 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulations have drawn attention in remediating memory decline in older adults. However, it remains unclear regarding the cognitive and neural mechanisms underpinning the neurostimulation effects on memory rehabilitation. We evaluated the intervention effects of 2-weeks of neurostimulations (high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, HD-tDCS, and electroacupuncture, EA versus controls, CN) on brain activities and functional connectivity during a working memory task in normally cognitive older adults (age 60+, n = 60). Results showed that HD-tDCS and EA significantly improved the cognitive performance, potentiated the brain activities of overlapping neural substrates (i.e. hippocampus, dlPFC, and lingual gyrus) associated with explicit and implicit memory, and modulated the nodal topological properties and brain modular interactions manifesting as increased intramodular connection of the limbic-system dominated network, decreased intramodular connection of default-mode-like network, as well as stronger intermodular connection between frontal-dominated network and limbic-system-dominated network. Predictive model further identified the neuro-behavioral association between modular connections and working memory. This preliminary study provides evidence that noninvasive neurostimulations can improve older adults' working memory through potentiating the brain activity of working memory-related areas and mediating the modular interactions of related brain networks. These findings have important implication for remediating older adults' working memory and cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiong Fan
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 29 Zhichun Rd, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianwei Che
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 109 Medical Behavioral Science Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai St, Beijing 100875, China
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Jiang J, Wang D, Jiang Y, Yang X, Sun R, Chang J, Zhu W, Yao P, Song K, Chang S, Wang H, Zhou L, Zhang XS, Li H, Li N. The gut metabolite indole-3-propionic acid activates ERK1 to restore social function and hippocampal inhibitory synaptic transmission in a 16p11.2 microdeletion mouse model. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:66. [PMID: 38549163 PMCID: PMC10976717 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microdeletion of the human chromosomal region 16p11.2 (16p11.2+ / - ) is a prevalent genetic factor associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However its pathogenic mechanism remains unclear, and effective treatments for 16p11.2+ / - syndrome are lacking. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are inextricably linked to host behavior through the gut-brain axis and are therefore implicated in ASD development. Despite this, the functional roles of microbial metabolites in the context of 16p11.2+ / - are yet to be elucidated. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a gut microbiota metabolite, in addressing behavioral and neural deficits associated with 16p11.2+ / - , as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Mice with the 16p11.2+ / - showed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and a significant decrease in IPA levels in feces and blood circulation. Further, these mice exhibited significant social and cognitive memory impairments, along with hyperactivation of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons and reduced inhibitory synaptic transmission in this region. However, oral administration of IPA effectively mitigated the histological and electrophysiological alterations, thereby ameliorating the social and cognitive deficits of the mice. Remarkably, IPA treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation level of ERK1, a protein encoded by the Mapk3 gene in the 16p11.2 region, without affecting the transcription and translation of the Mapk3 gene. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that 16p11.2+ / - leads to a decline in gut metabolite IPA levels; however, IPA supplementation notably reverses the behavioral and neural phenotypes of 16p11.2+ / - mice. These findings provide new insights into the critical role of gut microbial metabolites in ASD pathogenesis and present a promising treatment strategy for social and cognitive memory deficit disorders, such as 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dilong Wang
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youheng Jiang
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Runfeng Sun
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinlong Chang
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peijia Yao
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Song
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuwen Chang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Wang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue-Song Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Huiliang Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Ningning Li
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Afliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
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Das A, Menon V. Hippocampal-parietal cortex causal directed connectivity during human episodic memory formation: Replication across three experiments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.07.566056. [PMID: 37986855 PMCID: PMC10659286 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.07.566056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampus-parietal cortex circuits are thought to play a crucial role in memory and attention, but their neural basis remains poorly understood. We employed intracranial EEG from 96 participants (51 females) to investigate the neurophysiological underpinning of these circuits across three memory tasks spanning verbal and spatial domains. We uncovered a consistent pattern of higher causal directed connectivity from the hippocampus to both lateral parietal cortex (supramarginal and angular gyrus) and medial parietal cortex (posterior cingulate cortex) in the delta-theta band during memory encoding and recall. This connectivity was independent of activation or suppression states in the hippocampus or parietal cortex. Crucially, directed connectivity from the supramarginal gyrus to the hippocampus was enhanced in participants with higher memory recall, highlighting its behavioral significance. Our findings align with the attention-to-memory model, which posits that attention directs cognitive resources toward pertinent information during memory formation. The robustness of these results was demonstrated through Bayesian replication analysis of the memory encoding and recall periods across the three tasks. Our study sheds light on the neural basis of casual signaling within hippocampus-parietal circuits, broadening our understanding of their critical roles in human cognition.
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Contreras MP, Mendez M, Shan X, Fechner J, Sawangjit A, Born J, Inostroza M. Context memory formed in medial prefrontal cortex during infancy enhances learning in adulthood. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2475. [PMID: 38509099 PMCID: PMC10954687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult behavior is commonly thought to be shaped by early-life experience, although episodes experienced during infancy appear to be forgotten. Exposing male rats during infancy to discrete spatial experience we show that these rats in adulthood are significantly better at forming a spatial memory than control rats without such infantile experience. We moreover show that the adult rats' improved spatial memory capability is mainly based on memory for context information during the infantile experiences. Infantile spatial experience increased c-Fos activity at memory testing during adulthood in the prelimbic medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but not in the hippocampus. Inhibiting prelimbic mPFC at testing during adulthood abolished the enhancing effect of infantile spatial experience on learning. Adult spatial memory capability only benefitted from spatial experience occurring during the sensitive period of infancy, but not when occurring later during childhood, and when sleep followed the infantile experience. In conclusion, the infantile brain, by a sleep-dependent mechanism, favors consolidation of memory for the context in which episodes are experienced. These representations comprise mPFC regions and context-dependently facilitate learning in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P Contreras
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate School of Neural & Behavioral Science, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute of Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marta Mendez
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Xia Shan
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate School of Neural & Behavioral Science, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Fechner
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate School of Neural & Behavioral Science, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anuck Sawangjit
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Born
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Werner Reichert Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)-Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich (IDM) at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marion Inostroza
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ma J, Wu JJ, Xing XX, Xue X, Xiang YT, Zhen XM, Li JH, Lu JJ, Zhang JP, Zheng MX, Hua XY, Xu JG. Circuit-based neuromodulation enhances delayed recall in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024:jnnp-2023-333152. [PMID: 38503484 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-333152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of circuits-based paired associative stimulation (PAS) in adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). METHODS We conducted a parallel-group, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Initially, a cohort of healthy subjects was recruited to establish the cortical-hippocampal circuits by tracking white matter fibre connections using diffusion tensor imaging. Subsequently, patients diagnosed with aMCI, matched for age and education, were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to undergo a 2-week intervention, either circuit-based PAS or sham PAS. Additionally, we explored the relationship between changes in cognitive performance and the functional connectivity (FC) of cortical-hippocampal circuits. RESULTS FCs between hippocampus and precuneus and between hippocampus and superior frontal gyrus (orbital part) were most closely associated with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT)_N5 score in 42 aMCI patients, thus designated as target circuits. The AVLT_N5 score improved from 2.43 (1.43) to 5.29 (1.98) in the circuit-based PAS group, compared with 2.52 (1.44) to 3.86 (2.39) in the sham PAS group (p=0.003; Cohen's d=0.97). A significant decrease was noted in FC between the left hippocampus and left precuneus in the circuit-based PAS group from baseline to postintervention (p=0.013). Using a generalised linear model, significant group×FC interaction effects for the improvements in AVLT_N5 scores were found within the circuit-based PAS group (B=3.4, p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS Circuit-based PAS effectively enhances long-term delayed recall in adults diagnosed with aMCI, which includes individuals aged 50-80 years. This enhancement is potentially linked to the decreased functional connectivity between the left hippocampus and left precuneus. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2100053315; Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Ting Xiang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Min Zhen
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Hua Li
- Department of Heart Disease, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan-Juan Lu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Peng Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Vande Casteele T, Laroy M, Van Cauwenberge M, Koole M, Dupont P, Sunaert S, Van den Stock J, Bouckaert F, Van Laere K, Emsell L, Vandenbulcke M. Preliminary evidence for preserved synaptic density in late-life depression. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:145. [PMID: 38485934 PMCID: PMC10940592 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Late-life depression has been consistently associated with lower gray matter volume, the origin of which remains largely unexplained. Recent in-vivo PET findings in early-onset depression and Alzheimer's Disease suggest that synaptic deficits contribute to the pathophysiology of these disorders and may therefore contribute to lower gray matter volume in late-life depression. Here, we investigate synaptic density in vivo for the first time in late-life depression using the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A receptor radioligand 11C-UCB-J. We included 24 currently depressed adults with late-life depression (73.0 ± 6.2 years, 16 female, geriatric depression scale = 19.5 ± 6.8) and 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (70.4 ± 6.2 years, 21 female, geriatric depression scale = 2.7 ± 2.9) that underwent simultaneous 11C-UCB-J positron emission tomography (PET) and 3D T1- and T2-FLAIR weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on a 3-tesla PET-MR scanner. We used analyses of variance to test for 11C-UCB-J binding and gray matter volumes differences in regions implicated in depression. The late-life depression group showed a trend in lower gray matter volumes in the hippocampus (p = 0.04), mesial temporal (p = 0.02) and prefrontal cortex (p = 0.02) compared to healthy control group without surviving correction for multiple comparison. However, no group differences in 11C-UCB-J binding were found in these regions nor were any associations between 11C-UCB-J and depressive symptoms. Our data suggests that, in contrast to Alzheimer's Disease, lower gray matter volume in late-life depression is not associated with synaptic density changes. From a therapeutic standpoint, preserved synaptic density in late-life depression may be an encouraging finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vande Casteele
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Laroy
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margot Van Cauwenberge
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Dupont
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Van den Stock
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Bouckaert
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Van Laere
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louise Emsell
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Ma X, Le Y, Hu L, Ouyang W, Li C, Ma D, Tong J. Astrocytic phagocytosis in the medial prefrontal cortex jeopardises postoperative memory consolidation in mice. Brain Pathol 2024:e13253. [PMID: 38454310 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory impairment is one of the main characteristics of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. It remains elusive how postoperative pathological changes of the brain link to the memory impairment. The clinical setting of perioperation was mimicked via partial hepatectomy under sevoflurane anaesthesia together with preoperative restraint stress (Hep-Sev-stress) in mice. Memory changes were assessed with fear conditioning. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-dorsal hippocampus connectivity was evaluated with injecting neurotracer 28 days before surgery. Astrocytic activation was limited via injecting AAV-GFAP-hM4Di-eGFP into the mPFC. Astrocytic and microglial phagocytosis of synapses were visualised with co-labelling hippocampal neuronal axon terminals with PSD-95 and S100β or Iba1. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress status were also detected. Hep-Sev-stress impaired the memory consolidation (mean [standard error], 49.91 [2.55]% vs. 35.40 [3.97]% in the contextual memory, p = 0.007; 40.72 [2.78]% vs. 27.77 [2.22]% in cued memory, p = 0.002) and the cued memory retrieval (39.00 [3.08]% vs. 24.11 [2.06]%, p = 0.001) in mice when compared with these in the naïve controls. Hep-Sev-stress damaged the connectivity from the dorsal hippocampus to mPFC but not from the mPFC to the dorsal hippocampus and increased the astrocytic but not microglial phagocytosis of hippocampal neuronal axon terminals in the mPFC. The intervention also induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the dorsal hippocampus and the mPFC in a regional-dependent manner. Limiting astrocyte activation in the mPFC alleviated memory consolidation impairment induced by Hep-Sev-stress. Postoperative memory consolidation was impaired due to astrocytic phagocytosis-induced connectivity injury from the dorsal hippocampus to the medial prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Le
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Lin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jianbin Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Homeostasis, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
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Li XL, Li F, Zhu XY, Wang XD, Kou ZZ, Liu SQ, Li H. Whole-brain mapping of monosynaptic afferent inputs to the CRH neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. J Anat 2024; 244:527-536. [PMID: 38009263 PMCID: PMC10862190 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons are densely distributed in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which plays a crucial role in integrating and processing emotional and cognitive inputs from other brain regions. Therefore, it is important to know the neural afferent patterns of mPFCCRH neurons, which are still unclear. Here, we utilized a rabies virus-based monosynaptic retrograde tracing system to map the presynaptic afferents of the mPFCCRH neurons throughout the entire brain. The results show that the mPFCCRH neurons receive inputs from three main groups of brain regions: (1) the cortex, primarily the orbital cortex, somatomotor areas, and anterior cingulate cortex; (2) the thalamus, primarily the anteromedial nucleus, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, and central medial thalamic nucleus; and (3) other brain regions, primarily the basolateral amygdala, hippocampus, and dorsal raphe nucleus. Taken together, our results are valuable for further investigations into the roles of the mPFCCRH neurons in normal and neurological disease states. These investigations can shed light on various aspects such as cognitive processing, emotional modulation, motivation, sociability, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inner Mongolia Armed Police Corps Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Kou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shang-Qing Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- School of International Education and Cooperation, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Zare M, Rezaei M, Nazari M, Kosarmadar N, Faraz M, Barkley V, Shojaei A, Raoufy MR, Mirnajafi‐Zadeh J. Effect of the closed-loop hippocampal low-frequency stimulation on seizure severity, learning, and memory in pilocarpine epilepsy rat model. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14656. [PMID: 38439573 PMCID: PMC10912795 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS In this study, the anticonvulsant action of closed-loop, low-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) was investigated. In addition, the changes in brain rhythms and functional connectivity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were evaluated. METHODS Epilepsy was induced by pilocarpine in male Wistar rats. After the chronic phase, a tripolar electrode was implanted in the right ventral hippocampus and a monopolar electrode in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Subjects' spontaneous seizure behaviors were observed in continuous video recording, while the local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded simultaneously. In addition, spatial memory was evaluated by the Barnes maze test. RESULTS Applying hippocampal DBS, immediately after seizure detection in epileptic animals, reduced their seizure severity and duration, and improved their performance in Barnes maze test. DBS reduced the increment in power of delta, theta, and gamma waves in pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal periods. Meanwhile, DBS increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of theta band. DBS decreased delta and increased theta coherences, and also increased the post-ictal-to-pre-ictal ratio of coherence. In addition, DBS increased the hippocampal-mPFC coupling in pre-ictal period and decreased the coupling in the ictal and post-ictal periods. CONCLUSION Applying closed-loop, low-frequency DBS at seizure onset reduced seizure severity and improved memory. In addition, the changes in power, coherence, and coupling of the LFP oscillations in the hippocampus and mPFC demonstrate low-frequency DBS efficacy as an antiepileptic treatment, returning LFPs to a seemingly non-seizure state in subjects that received DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Milad Nazari
- Department of Technology, Electrical EngineeringSharif UniversityTehranIran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mona Faraz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi‐Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
- Institute for Brain Sciences and CognitionTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Valeri J, Stiplosek C, O'Donovan SM, Sinclair D, Grant KA, Bollavarapu R, Platt DM, Stockmeier CA, Gisabella B, Pantazopoulos H. Extracellular matrix abnormalities in the hippocampus of subjects with substance use disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:115. [PMID: 38402197 PMCID: PMC10894211 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Contextual triggers are significant factors contributing to relapse in substance use disorders (SUD). Emerging evidence points to a critical role of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules as mediators of reward memories. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are a subset of ECM molecules that form perineuronal nets (PNN) around inhibitory neurons. PNNs restrict synaptic connections and help maintain synapses. Rodent models suggest that modulation of PNNs may strengthen contextual reward memories in SUD. However, there is currently a lack of information regarding PNNs in the hippocampus of people with SUD as well as how comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD) may affect PNNs. We used postmortem hippocampal tissues from cohorts of human and nonhuman primates with or without chronic alcohol use to test the hypothesis that PNNs are increased in subjects with SUD. We used histochemical labeling and quantitative microscopy to examine PNNs, and qRT-PCR to examine gene expression for ECM molecules, synaptic markers and related markers. We identified increased densities of PNNs and CSPG-labeled glial cells in SUD, coinciding with decreased expression of the ECM protease matrix metalloproteinase 9 (Mmp9), and increased expression for the excitatory synaptic marker vesicle associated membrane protein 2 (Vamp2). Similar increases in PNNs were observed in monkeys with chronic alcohol self-administration. Subjects with MDD displayed changes opposite to SUD, and subjects with SUD and comorbid MDD had minimal changes in any of the outcome measures examined. Our findings demonstrate that PNNs are increased in SUD, possibly contributing to stabilizing contextual reward memories as suggested by preclinical studies. Our results also point to a previously unsuspected role for CSPG expression in glial cells in SUD. Evidence for increased hippocampal PNNs in SUD suggests that targeting PNNs to weaken contextual reward memories is a promising therapeutic approach for SUD, however comorbidity with MDD is a significant consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Valeri
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Charlotte Stiplosek
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - David Sinclair
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Ratna Bollavarapu
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Donna M Platt
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Craig A Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Barbara Gisabella
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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50
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Stout JJ, George AE, Kim S, Hallock HL, Griffin AL. Using synchronized brain rhythms to bias memory-guided decisions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.02.535279. [PMID: 37034665 PMCID: PMC10081324 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.02.535279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional interactions between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, as revealed by strong oscillatory synchronization in the theta (6-11 Hz) frequency range, correlate with memory-guided decision-making. However, the degree to which this form of long-range synchronization influences memory-guided choice remains unclear. We developed a brain machine interface that initiated task trials based on the magnitude of prefrontal hippocampal theta synchronization, then measured choice outcomes. Trials initiated based on strong prefrontal-hippocampal theta synchrony were more likely to be correct compared to control trials on both working memory-dependent and -independent tasks. Prefrontal-thalamic neural interactions increased with prefrontal-hippocampal synchrony and optogenetic activation of the ventral midline thalamus primarily entrained prefrontal theta rhythms, but dynamically modulated synchrony. Together, our results show that prefrontal-hippocampal theta synchronization leads to a higher probability of a correct choice and strengthens prefrontal-thalamic dialogue. Our findings reveal new insights into the neural circuit dynamics underlying memory-guided choices and highlight a promising technique to potentiate cognitive processes or behavior via brain machine interfacing.
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