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Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Ge Y, Wu Z, Wang W, Shan L. Forkhead Box Protein FOXK1 Disrupts the Circadian Rhythm to Promote Breast Tumorigenesis in Response to Insulin Resistance. Cancer Lett 2024:217147. [PMID: 39094826 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The dysregulation of circadian rhythm oscillation is a prominent feature of various solid tumors. Thus, clarifying the molecular mechanisms that maintain the circadian clock is important. In the present study, we revealed that the transcription factor forkhead box FOXK1 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer. We showed that FOXK1 recruits multiple transcription corepressor complexes, including NCoR/SMRT, SIN3A, NuRD, and REST/CoREST. Among them, the FOXK1/NCoR/SIN3A complex transcriptionally regulates a cohort of genes, including CLOCK, PER2, and CRY2, that are critically involved in the circadian rhythm. The complex promoted the proliferation of breast cancer cells by disturbing the circadian rhythm oscillation. Notably, the nuclear expression of FOXK1 was positively correlated with tumor grade. Insulin resistance gradually became more severe with tumor progression and was accompanied by the increased expression of OGT, which caused the nuclear translocation and increased expression of FOXK1. Additionally, we found that metformin downregulates FOXK1 and exports it from the nucleus, while HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) inhibit the FOXK1-related enzymatic activity. Combined treatment enhanced the expression of circadian clock genes through the regulation of FOXK1, thereby exerting an antitumor effect, indicating that highly nuclear FOXK1-expressing breast cancers are potential candidates for the combined application of metformin and HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuze Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zicheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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2
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Akanalçı C, Bilici S. Biological clock and circadian rhythm of breast milk composition. Chronobiol Int 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39037117 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2381599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Breast milk provides numerous benefits for both the baby and the mother, making it a unique and valuable food. The World Health Organization and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Found (UNICEF) state that exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life is an important strategy for reducing mortality and morbidity in infants. The circadian rhythm formation, which starts in the mother's womb, continues after the baby is born. Breast milk plays an active role in regulating the baby's circadian rhythm through the hormones, basic immune factors and bioactive components it contains, as well as meeting almost all nutritional elements for babies. Since the neural control mechanisms in the newborn are not yet fully developed, breast milk undertakes the task of helping the biological rhythms in the regulation of the infant's sleep-wake cycles, thanks to the circadian rhythm of some elements in its composition. There are studies showing that breast milk contains high levels of cortisol and amino acids that promote activity during the day, while night milk has high levels of melatonin and tryptophan, and micronutrients vary throughout the day. A better understanding of the circadian rhythm displayed by the elements in the composition of breast milk is important for improving maternal and infant health. Since there are many factors affecting the composition of breast milk, it is recommended that breast milk studies should be done on a country or regional basis, and breastfeeding policies can be developed as a result of the results to be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Akanalçı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmır, Turkey
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Chen R, Zhang Z, Ma J, Liu B, Huang Z, Hu G, Huang J, Xu Y, Wang GZ. Circadian-driven tissue specificity is constrained under caloric restricted feeding conditions. Commun Biol 2024; 7:752. [PMID: 38902439 PMCID: PMC11190204 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue specificity is a fundamental property of an organ that affects numerous biological processes, including aging and longevity, and is regulated by the circadian clock. However, the distinction between circadian-affected tissue specificity and other tissue specificities remains poorly understood. Here, using multi-omics data on circadian rhythms in mice, we discovered that approximately 35% of tissue-specific genes are directly affected by circadian regulation. These circadian-affected tissue-specific genes have higher expression levels and are associated with metabolism in hepatocytes. They also exhibit specific features in long-reads sequencing data. Notably, these genes are associated with aging and longevity at both the gene level and at the network module level. The expression of these genes oscillates in response to caloric restricted feeding regimens, which have been demonstrated to promote longevity. In addition, aging and longevity genes are disrupted in various circadian disorders. Our study indicates that the modulation of circadian-affected tissue specificity is essential for understanding the circadian mechanisms that regulate aging and longevity at the genomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renrui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ziang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhengyun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ganlu Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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4
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Murgo E, Falco G, Serviddio G, Mazzoccoli G, Colangelo T. Circadian patterns of growth factor receptor-dependent signaling and implications for carcinogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:319. [PMID: 38858728 PMCID: PMC11163765 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several different signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation are initiated by binding of ligands to cell-surface and membrane-bound enzyme-linked receptors, such as receptor tyrosine kinases and serine-threonine kinases. They prompt phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine-threonine residues and initiate downstream signaling pathways and priming of intracellular molecules that convey the signal in the cytoplasm and nucleus, with transcriptional activation of specific genes enriching cell growth and survival-related cascades. These cell processes are rhythmically driven by molecular clockworks endowed in every cell type and when deregulated play a crucial role in cancer onset and progression. Growth factors and their matching receptor-dependent signaling are frequently overexpressed and/or dysregulated in many cancer types. In this review we focus on the interplay between biological clocks and Growth Factor Receptor-dependent signaling in the context of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Giorgia Falco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza",, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
- Cancer Cell Signaling Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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5
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Luo B, Song J, Zhang J, Han J, Zhou X, Chen L. The contribution of circadian clock to the biological processes. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1387576. [PMID: 38903177 PMCID: PMC11187296 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1387576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
All organisms have various circadian, behavioral, and physiological 24-h periodic rhythms, which are controlled by the circadian clock. The circadian clock controls various behavioral and physiological rhythms. In mammals, the primary circadian clock is present in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The rhythm of the circadian clock is controlled by the interaction between negative and positive feedback loops, consisting of crucial clock regulators (including Bmal1 and Clock), three cycles (mPer1, mPer2, and mPer3), and two cryptochromes (Cry1 and Cry2). The development of early mammalian embryos is an ordered and complex biological process that includes stages from fertilized eggs to blastocysts and undergoes important morphological changes, such as blastocyst formation, cell multiplication, and compaction. The circadian clock affects the onset and timing of embryonic development. The circadian clock affects many biological processes, including eating time, immune function, sleep, energy metabolism, and endocrinology, therefore, it is also crucial for overall health, growth and development after birth. This review summarized the effects of the circadian clock in the body's physiological activities. A new strategy is proposed for the prevention of malformations or diseases by regulating the circadian clock or changing circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangyuan Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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6
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Zhao Y, Wang L, Liu S, Pu Y, Sun K, Xiao Y, Feng J. Adaptive Evolution of the Greater Horseshoe Bat AANAT: Insights into the Link between AANAT and Hibernation Rhythms. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1426. [PMID: 38791644 PMCID: PMC11117286 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) is a crucial rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of melatonin. AANAT has been confirmed to be independently duplicated and inactivated in different animal taxa in order to adapt to the environment. However, the evolutionary forces associated with having a single copy of AANAT remain unclear. The greater horseshoe bat has a single copy of AANAT but exhibits different hibernation rhythms in various populations. We analyzed the adaptive evolution at the gene and protein levels of AANAT from three distinct genetic lineages in China: northeast (NE), central east (CE), and southwest (SW). The results revealed greater genetic diversity in the AANAT loci of the NE and CE lineage populations that have longer hibernation times, and there were two positive selection loci. The catalytic capacity of AANAT in the Liaoning population that underwent positive selection was significantly higher than that of the Yunnan population (p < 0.05). This difference may be related to the lower proportion of α helix and the variation in two interface residues. The adaptive evolution of AANAT was significantly correlated with climate and environment (p < 0.05). After controlling for geographical factors (latitude and altitude), the evolution of AANAT by the negative temperature factor was represented by the monthly mean temperature (r = -0.6, p < 0.05). The results identified the gene level variation, functional adaptation, and evolutionary driving factors of AANAT, provide an important foundation for further understanding the adaptive evolution of the single copy of AANAT in pteropods, and may offer evidence for adaptive hibernation rhythms in bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Water Conservancy & Environment Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Sen Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China;
| | - Yingting Pu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Keping Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yanhong Xiao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (J.F.)
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7
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El Jamal N, Brooks TG, Cohen J, Townsend RR, Sosa GRD, Shah V, Nelson RG, Drawz PE, Rao P, Bhat Z, Chang A, Yang W, FitzGerald GA, Skarke C. Prognostic utility of rhythmic components in 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for the risk stratification of chronic kidney disease patients with cardiovascular co-morbidity. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:420-429. [PMID: 38212425 PMCID: PMC11076200 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global burden. Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for rapid progression of CKD. We extend the risk stratification by introducing the non-parametric determination of rhythmic components in 24-h profiles of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) and the African American Study for Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) cohort using Cox proportional hazards models. We find that rhythmic profiling of BP through JTK_CYCLE analysis identifies subgroups of CRIC participants that were more likely to die due to cardiovascular causes. While our fully adjusted model shows a trend towards a significant association between absent cyclic components and cardiovascular death in the full CRIC cohort (HR: 1.71,95% CI: 0.99-2.97, p = 0.056), CRIC participants with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and absent cyclic components in their BP profile had at any time a 3.4-times higher risk of cardiovascular death than CVD patients with cyclic components present in their BP profile (HR: 3.37, 95% CI: 1.45-7.87, p = 0.005). This increased risk was not explained by the dipping or non-dipping pattern in ABPM. Due to the large differences in patient characteristics, the results do not replicate in the AASK cohort. This study suggests rhythmic blood pressure components as a potential novel biomarker to unmask excess risk among CKD patients with prior cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim El Jamal
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Thomas G Brooks
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordana Cohen
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raymond R Townsend
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Vallabh Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- The Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paul E Drawz
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Panduranga Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zeenat Bhat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Chang
- Kidney Health Research Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carsten Skarke
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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8
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Ghosh PK, Rao MJ, Putta CL, Ray S, Rengan AK. Telomerase: a nexus between cancer nanotherapy and circadian rhythm. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2259-2281. [PMID: 38596876 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00024b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer represents a complex disease category defined by the unregulated proliferation and dissemination of anomalous cells within the human body. According to the GLOBOCAN 2020 report, the year 2020 witnessed the diagnosis of approximately 19.3 million new cases of cancer and 10.0 million individuals succumbed to the disease. A typical cell eventually becomes cancerous because of a long-term buildup of genetic instability and replicative immortality. Telomerase is a crucial regulator of cancer progression as it induces replicative immortality. In cancer cells, telomerase inhibits apoptosis by elongating the length of the telomeric region, which usually protects the genome from shortening. Many nanoparticles are documented as being available for detecting the presence of telomerase, and many were used as delivery systems to transport drugs. Furthermore, telomere homeostasis is regulated by the circadian time-keeping machinery, leading to 24-hour rhythms in telomerase activity and TERT mRNA expression in mammals. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of various kinds of nanoparticles used in telomerase detection, inhibition, and multiple drug-related pathways, as well as enlightens an imperative association between circadian rhythm and telomerase activity from the perspective of nanoparticle-based anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, India.
| | - Maddila Jagapathi Rao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, India.
| | - Chandra Lekha Putta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, India.
| | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, India.
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, India.
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9
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Dravid A, Sung WS, Song J, Dubey A, Eftekhar B. Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Incidence Pattern Analysis with Circular Statistics. Emerg Med Int 2024; 2024:6631990. [PMID: 38655008 PMCID: PMC11039014 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6631990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about biological rhythms of diseases may not only help in understanding the pathophysiology of diseases but can also help health service policy makers and emergency department directors to allocate resources efficiently. Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has high rates of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of SAH has been attributed to patient-related factors such as characteristics of aneurysms, smoking, and hypertension. There are studies showing that the incidence of aneurysmal SAH appears to behave in periodic fashions over long time periods. However, there are inconsistencies in the literature regarding the impact of chronobiological factors such as circadian, seasonal, and lunar cycle factors on the occurrence of SAH. In this study, we focused on the analysis of a temporal pattern of SAH (infradian rhythms) with a novel approach using circular statistical methods. We aimed to see whether there is a circular pattern for the occurrence of SAH at all and if so, whether it can be related to known temporal patterns based on available literature. Our study did not support the notion that aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhages occur on any specific day in a cycle with specific lengths up to 365 days including specific weekdays, full moon, equinoxes, and solstices. Hence, we found no relationship between SAH incidence and timing. Study in larger populations using similar circular statistical methods is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Dravid
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wen-Shan Sung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jeeuk Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | - Arvind Dubey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | - Behzad Eftekhar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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10
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Kumari R, Verma V, Singaravel M. Simulated Chronic Jet Lag Affects the Structural and Functional Complexity of Hippocampal Neurons in Mice. Neuroscience 2024; 543:1-12. [PMID: 38354900 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
There has been a long history that chronic circadian disruption such as jet lag or shift work negatively affects brain and body physiology. Studies have shown that circadian misalignment act as a risk factor for developing anxiety and mood-related depression-like behavior. Till date, most studies focused on simulating jet lag in model animals under laboratory conditions by repeated phase advances or phase delay only, while the real-life conditions may differ. In the present study, adult male mice were subjected to simulated chronic jet lag (CJL) by alternately advancing and delaying the ambient light-dark (LD) cycle by 9 h every 2 days, thereby covering a total of 24 days. The effect of CJL was then examined for a range of stress and depression-related behavioral and physiological responses. The results showed that mice exposed to CJL exhibited depression-like behavior, such as anhedonia. In the open field and elevated plus maze test, CJL-exposed mice showed increased anxiety behavior compared to LD control. In addition, CJL-exposed mice showed an increased level of serum corticosterone and proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α in both serum and hippocampus. Moreover, CJL-exposed mice exhibited a reduction in structural complexity of hippocampal CA1 neurons along with decreased expression of neurotrophic growth factors, BDNF and NGF in the hippocampus compared to LD control. Taken together, our findings suggest that simulated chronic jet lag adversely affects structural and functional complexity in hippocampal neurons along with interrelated endocrine and inflammatory responses, ultimately leading to stress, anxiety, and depression-like behavior in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Kumari
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Vivek Verma
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Muniyandi Singaravel
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
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11
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Guo K, Zhao X, Luo J, Ren Y, Liu Y, Yang J. Relationship of sleep with diurnal cortisol rhythm considering sleep measurement and cortisol sampling schemes. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 162:106952. [PMID: 38232528 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Information on the relationships between the previous night's sleep and the next-day diurnal cortisol rhythm is inconsistent due to confounding factors such as sleep measurements (trait/state sleep and objective/subjective sleep) and cortisol sampling schemes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate these relationships, considering the confounding factors. College students (n = 79) wore actigraphy for 3 days to undergo an evaluation of previous night-time sleep objectively and reported their subjective sleep parameters in a sleep diary. In addition, participants provided six salivary cortisol samples daily. Furthermore, six cortisol sampling schemes were created to reflect diurnal cortisol rhythms, and two different methods were used to calculate the index of diurnal cortisol slope (DCS). A multilevel model was created to examine the impact of both trait and state sleep on next-day diurnal cortisol rhythm. The results revealed that higher objective state sleep efficiency and longer objective state total sleep time were associated with a higher cortisol awakening response (CAR). Moreover, higher objective trait sleep efficiency and longer objective trait total sleep time were associated with higher waking cortisol levels and steeper DCS. In addition, a minimum of four saliva samples were required at different time points, including upon waking, 30 min after waking, 1 h after waking, and at bedtime, to explore the relationship of sleep efficiency/total sleep time with waking cortisol, CAR, and DCS. Furthermore, the index of the peak-to-bed slope was appropriately employed to examine the relationship between sleep efficiency and DCS, whereas the wake-to-bed slope was effective for examining the relationship between total sleep time and DCS. In summary, this study clarified the relationship between sleep and next-day diurnal cortisol rhythm and suggested a cost-effective cortisol sampling schedule and calculation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Guo
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiahao Luo
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yipeng Ren
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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12
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Thieux M, Guyon A, Seugnet L, Franco P. Salivary α-amylase as a marker of sleep disorders: A theoretical review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101894. [PMID: 38157687 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are commonplace in our modern societies. Specialized hospital departments are generally overloaded, and sleep assessment is an expensive process in terms of equipment, human resources, and time. Biomarkers would usefully complement current measures in the screening and follow-up of sleep disorders and their daytime repercussions. Among salivary markers, a growing body of literature suggests that salivary α-amylase (sAA) may be a cross-species marker of sleep debt. However, there is no consensus as to the direction of variation in sAA with sleep disorders. Herein, after describing the mechanisms of sAA secretion and its relationship with stress, studies assessing the relationship between sAA and sleep parameters are reviewed. Finally, the influence of confounding factors is discussed, along with methodological considerations, to better understand the fluctuations in sAA and facilitate future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Thieux
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France.
| | - Aurore Guyon
- Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Seugnet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France; Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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13
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Sangma JT, Renthlei Z, Trivedi AK. Bright daylight produces negative effects on affective and cognitive outcomes in nocturnal rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 253:112885. [PMID: 38460431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The daily light/dark cycle affects animals' learning, memory, and cognition. Exposure to insufficient daylight illumination negatively impacts emotion and cognition, leading to seasonal affective disorder characterized by depression, anxiety, low motivation, and cognitive impairment in diurnal animals. However, how this affects memory, learning, and cognition in nocturnal rodents is largely unknown. Here, we studied the effect of daytime light illuminance on memory, learning, cognition, and expression of mRNA levels in the hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex, the higher-order learning centers. Two experiments were performed. In experiment one, rats were exposed to 12 L:12D (12 h light and 12 h dark) with a 10, 100, or 1000 lx daytime light illuminance. After 30 days, various behavioral tests (novel object recognition test, hole board test, elevated plus maze test, radial arm maze, and passive avoidance test) were performed. In experiment 2, rats since birth were raised either under constant bright light (250 lx; LL) or a daily light-dark cycle (12 L:12D). After four months, behavioral tests (novel object recognition test, hole board test, elevated plus maze test, radial arm maze, passive avoidance test, Morris water maze, and Y-maze tests) were performed. At the end of experiments, rats were sampled, and mRNA expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (Bdnf), Tyrosine kinase (Trk), microRNA132 (miR132), Neurogranin (Ng), Growth Associated Protein 43 (Gap-43), cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (Crebp), Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (Gsk3β), and Tumour necrosis factor-α (Tnf-α) were measured in the hippocampus, cortex, and thalamus of individual rats. Our results show that exposure to bright daylight (100 and 1000 lx; experiment 1) or constant light (experiment 2) compromises memory, learning, and cognition. Suppressed expression levels of these mRNA were also observed in the hypothalamus, cortex, and thalamus. These results suggest that light affects differently to different groups of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Sangma
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India
| | | | - Amit K Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India.
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14
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Xiao X, Kong L, Xie Z, Liu H, Cai L, Zhao S, Zhou J, Liu S, Wu J, Wu Y, Wu P, James AA, Chen XG. miR-2940-1 is involved in the circadian regulation of oviposition in Aedes albopictus. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38556782 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The vast majority of all global species have circadian rhythm cycles that allow them to adapt to natural environments. These regular rhythms are regulated by core clock genes and recent studies have also implicated roles for microRNAs in this regulation. Oviposition is an important circadian behavior in the reproductive cycle of insect vectors of diseases, and little is known about the rhythm or its regulation in mosquitoes. Aedes albopictus is a diurnal mosquito that transmits arboviruses and is the major cause of outbreaks of dengue fever in China. We analyzed the oviposition rhythm patterns of A. albopictus under different light/dark conditions and show that the mosquitoes have an oviposition peak between zeitgeber time 9 (ZT 9) and ZT 12. Furthermore, the antagomir-mediated knockdown of expression of the microRNA miR-2940-1 affected the oviposition rhythm of A. albopictus. These data support the conclusion that miR-2940-1 is involved in the regulation of oviposition rhythm in A. albopictus and provide a foundation for using oviposition rhythms as a new target for vector mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Kong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Xie
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongkai Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Cai
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayong Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peilin Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony A James
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Franzago M, Borrelli P, Cavallo P, Di Tizio L, Gazzolo D, Di Nicola M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Circadian Gene Variants: Effects in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3838. [PMID: 38612648 PMCID: PMC11011577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are common and complex conditions influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Several genetic variants located in the genes involved in clock systems and fat taste perception can affect metabolic health. In particular, the polymorphisms in CLOCK and BMAL1 genes were reported to be significantly related to cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, sleep reduction, and evening preference. Moreover, genetic variants in the CD36 gene have been shown to be involved in lipid metabolism, regulation of fat intake, and body weight regulation. The aim of this study is to evaluate, for the first time, the association between variants in some candidate genes (namely, BMAL1 rs7950226 (G>A), CLOCK rs1801260 (A>G), CLOCK rs4864548 (G>A), CLOCK rs3736544 (G>A), CD36 rs1984112 (A>G), CD36 rs1761667 (G>A)) and overweight/obesity (OB) in pregnant women. A total of 163 normal-weight (NW) and 128 OB participants were included. A significant correlation was observed between A-allele in CLOCK rs4864548 and an increased risk of obesity (OR: 1.97; 95% CI 1.22-3.10, p = 0.005). In addition, we found that subjects carrying the haplotype of rs1801260-A, rs4864548-A, and rs3736544-G are likely to be overweight or obese (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.03-2.09, p = 0.030), compared with those with other haplotypes. Moreover, a significant relation was observed between third-trimester lipid parameters and genetic variants-namely, CD36 rs1984112, CD36 rs1761667, BMAL1 rs7950226, and CLOCK rs1801260. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that CLOCK rs4864548 A-allele carriage was a strong risk factor for obesity (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.07-3.93, p = 0.029); on the other hand, greater adherence to Mediterranean diet (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.98, p = 0.038) and higher HDL levels (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, p = 0.021) were related to a reduced risk of obesity. Interestingly, an association between maternal CLOCK rs4864548 and neonatal birthweight was detected (p = 0.025). These data suggest a potential role of the polymorphisms in clock systems and in fat taste perception in both susceptibility to overweight/obesity and influencing the related metabolic traits in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.F.); (P.C.); (D.G.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Paola Borrelli
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (P.B.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Pierluigi Cavallo
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.F.); (P.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Luciano Di Tizio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, “G. D’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Diego Gazzolo
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.F.); (P.C.); (D.G.)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “G. D’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (P.B.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.F.); (P.C.); (D.G.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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16
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Zilstorff DB, Richter MM, Hannibal J, Jørgensen HL, Sennels HP, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ. Secretion of glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP may be affected by circadian rhythm in healthy males. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:38. [PMID: 38481208 PMCID: PMC10938734 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon is secreted from pancreatic alpha cells in response to low blood glucose and increases hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, glucagon enhances hepatic protein and lipid metabolism during a mixed meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are secreted from gut endocrine cells during meals and control glucose homeostasis by potentiating insulin secretion and inhibiting food intake. Both glucose homeostasis and food intake have been reported to be affected by circadian rhythms and vice versa. In this study, we investigated whether the secretion of glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP was affected by circadian rhythms. METHODS A total of 24 healthy men with regular sleep schedules were examined for 24 h at the hospital ward with 15 h of wakefulness and 9 h of sleep. Food intake was standardized, and blood samples were obtained every third hour. Plasma concentrations of glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP were measured, and data were analyzed by rhythmometric statistical methods. Available data on plasma glucose and plasma C-peptide were also included. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of glucagon, GLP-1, GIP, C-peptide and glucose fluctuated with a diurnal 24-h rhythm, with the highest levels during the day and the lowest levels during the night: glucagon (p < 0.0001, peak time 18:26 h), GLP-1 (p < 0.0001, peak time 17:28 h), GIP (p < 0.0001, peak time 18:01 h), C-peptide (p < 0.0001, peak time 17.59 h), and glucose (p < 0.0001, peak time 23:26 h). As expected, we found significant correlations between plasma concentrations of C-peptide and GLP-1 and GIP but did not find correlations between glucose concentrations and concentrations of glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that under meal conditions that are similar to that of many free-living individuals, plasma concentrations of glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP were observed to be higher during daytime and evening than overnight. These findings underpin disturbed circadian rhythm as a potential risk factor for diabetes and obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06166368. Registered 12 December 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte B Zilstorff
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael M Richter
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hannibal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik L Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Henriette P Sennels
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Unruh BA, Weidemann DE, Miao L, Kojima S. Coordination of rhythmic RNA synthesis and degradation orchestrates 24- and 12-h RNA expression patterns in mouse fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314690121. [PMID: 38315868 PMCID: PMC10873638 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314690121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian RNA expression is essential to ultimately regulate a plethora of downstream rhythmic biochemical, physiological, and behavioral processes. Both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms are considered important to drive rhythmic RNA expression; however, the extent to which each regulatory process contributes to the rhythmic RNA expression remains controversial. To systematically address this, we monitored RNA dynamics using metabolic RNA labeling technology during a circadian cycle in mouse fibroblasts. We find that rhythmic RNA synthesis is the primary contributor of 24-h RNA rhythms, while rhythmic degradation is more important for 12-h RNA rhythms. These rhythms were predominantly regulated by Bmal1 and/or the core clock mechanism, and the interplay between rhythmic synthesis and degradation has a significant impact in shaping rhythmic RNA expression patterns. Interestingly, core clock RNAs are regulated by multiple rhythmic processes and have the highest amplitude of synthesis and degradation, presumably critical to sustain robust rhythmicity of cell-autonomous circadian rhythms. Our study yields invaluable insights into the temporal dynamics of both 24- and 12-h RNA rhythms in mouse fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Unruh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Douglas E. Weidemann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Lin Miao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Shihoko Kojima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
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18
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Specht A, Kolosov G, Cederberg KLJ, Bueno F, Arrona-Palacios A, Pardilla-Delgado E, Ruiz-Herrera N, Zitting KM, Kramer A, Zeitzer JM, Czeisler CA, Duffy JF, Mignot E. Circadian protein expression patterns in healthy young adults. Sleep Health 2024; 10:S41-S51. [PMID: 38087675 PMCID: PMC11031319 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore how the blood plasma proteome fluctuates across the 24-hour day and identify a subset of proteins that show endogenous circadian rhythmicity. METHODS Plasma samples from 17 healthy adults were collected hourly under controlled conditions designed to unmask endogenous circadian rhythmicity; in a subset of 8 participants, we also collected samples across a day on a typical sleep-wake schedule. A total of 6916 proteins were analyzed from each sample using the SomaScan aptamer-based multiplexed platform. We used differential rhythmicity analysis based on a cosinor model with mixed effects to identify a subset of proteins that showed circadian rhythmicity in their abundance. RESULTS One thousand and sixty-three (15%) proteins exhibited significant daily rhythmicity. Of those, 431 (6.2%) proteins displayed consistent endogenous circadian rhythms on both a sleep-wake schedule and under controlled conditions: it included both known and novel proteins. When models were fitted with two harmonics, an additional 259 (3.7%) proteins exhibited significant endogenous circadian rhythmicity, indicating that some rhythmic proteins cannot be solely captured by a simple sinusoidal model. Overall, we found that the largest number of proteins had their peak levels in the late afternoon/evening, with another smaller group peaking in the early morning. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that hundreds of plasma proteins exhibit endogenous circadian rhythmicity in humans. Future analyses will likely reveal novel physiological pathways regulated by circadian clocks and pave the way for improved diagnosis and treatment for patients with circadian disorders and other pathologies. It will also advance efforts to include knowledge about time-of-day, thereby incorporating circadian medicine into personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Specht
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - German Kolosov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Katie L J Cederberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Flavia Bueno
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Arturo Arrona-Palacios
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Enmanuelle Pardilla-Delgado
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noelia Ruiz-Herrera
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kirsi-Marja Zitting
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Achim Kramer
- Division of Chronobiology, Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jamie M Zeitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeanne F Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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19
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Naveed M, Chao OY, Hill JW, Yang YM, Huston JP, Cao R. Circadian neurogenetics and its implications in neurophysiology, behavior, and chronomedicine. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 157:105523. [PMID: 38142983 PMCID: PMC10872425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm affects multiple physiological processes, and disruption of the circadian system can be involved in a range of disease-related pathways. The genetic underpinnings of the circadian rhythm have been well-studied in model organisms. Significant progress has been made in understanding how clock genes affect the physiological functions of the nervous system. In addition, circadian timing is becoming a key factor in improving drug efficacy and reducing drug toxicity. The circadian biology of the target cell determines how the organ responds to the drug at a specific time of day, thus regulating pharmacodynamics. The current review brings together recent advances that have begun to unravel the molecular mechanisms of how the circadian clock affects neurophysiological and behavioral processes associated with human brain diseases. We start with a brief description of how the ubiquitous circadian rhythms are regulated at the genetic, cellular, and neural circuit levels, based on knowledge derived from extensive research on model organisms. We then summarize the latest findings from genetic studies of human brain disorders, focusing on the role of human clock gene variants in these diseases. Lastly, we discuss the impact of common dietary factors and medications on human circadian rhythms and advocate for a broader application of the concept of chronomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Owen Y Chao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Jennifer W Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Yi-Mei Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruifeng Cao
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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20
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Wang L, Hu L, Wang X, Geng Z, Wan M, Hao J, Liu H, Fan Y, Xu T, Li Z. Long non-coding RNA LncCplx2 regulates glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β cell function. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101878. [PMID: 38218537 PMCID: PMC10832480 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous studies have highlighted the role of clock genes in diabetes disease and pancreatic β cell functions. However, whether rhythmic long non-coding RNAs involve in this process is unknown. METHODS RNA-seq and 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR were used to identify the rat LncCplx2 in pancreatic β cells. The subcellular analysis with qRT-PCR and RNA-Scope were used to assess the localization of LncCplx2. The effects of LncCplx2 overexpression or knockout (KO) on the regulation of pancreatic β cell functions were assessed in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq, immunoblotting (IB), Immunoprecipitation (IP), RNA pull-down, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR assays were employed to explore the regulatory mechanisms through LncRNA-protein interaction. Metabolism cage was used to measure the circadian behaviors. RESULTS We first demonstrate that LncCplx2 is a conserved nuclear long non-coding RNA and enriched in pancreatic islets, which is driven by core clock transcription factor BMAL1. LncCplx2 is downregulated in the diabetic islets and repressed by high glucose, which regulates the insulin secretion in vitro and ex vivo. Furthermore, LncCplx2 KO mice exhibit diabetic phenotypes, such as high blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. Notably, LncCplx2 deficiency has significant effects on circadian behavior, including prolonged period duration, decreased locomotor activity, and reduced metabolic rates. Mechanistically, LncCplx2 recruits EZH2, a core subunit of polycomb repression complex 2 (PRC2), to the promoter of target genes, thereby silencing circadian gene expression, which leads to phase shifts and amplitude changes in insulin secretion and cell cycle genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results propose LncCplx2 as an unanticipated transcriptional regulator in a circadian system and suggest a more integral mechanism for the coordination of circadian rhythms and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiao Hu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxu Geng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wan
- Core Facility for Protein Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Hao
- Core Facility for Protein Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huisheng Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
| | - Zonghong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou National Laboratory Clinical Base, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Yuan Y, Yadlapalli S. Regulation of circadian rhythms by clock protein nuclear bodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321334121. [PMID: 38232300 PMCID: PMC10835046 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321334121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Swathi Yadlapalli
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
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22
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Ye Y, Zhong Z, Wu X, Tian Y, Wei Z, Han S, Wu P, Dai H, Shen L, Wang H, Li Y. MR Spectroscopy Assessment of Daily Variations of GABA Levels within the Parietal Lobe and Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Regions of Healthy Young Adults. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38284542 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes that occur in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels within specific brain regions throughout the day are less clear. PURPOSE To evaluate the daily fluctuations of GABA levels within the parietal lobe (PL) and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) regions and explore their association with melatonin (MT) levels, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS 26 healthy young adults (15 males and 11 females aged 22-27 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T, T1-weighted imaging, Mescher-Garwood point resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence. ASSESSMENT The acquired GABA signal contained the overlapping signals of macromolecules and homocarnosine, hence expressed as GABA+. The creatine (Cr) signal was applied as an endogenous reference. The GABA+, GABA+/Cr were measured at six different time points (1:00, 5:00, 9:00, 13:00, 17:00, and 21:00 hours) using MEGA-PRESS. The blood pressure, HR and sputum MT levels, were also acquired. STATISTICAL TESTS The one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the GABA, blood pressure, HR, and MT levels throughout the day. A general linear model was used to find the correlation between GABA and blood pressure, HR, and MT. P < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS Significant variations in GABA+/Cr and GABA+ levels were observed throughout the day within the PL region. The lowest levels were recorded at 9:00 hour (GABA+/Cr: 0.100 ± 0.003,GABA+:1.877 ± 0.051 i.u) and the highest levels were recorded at 21:00 hour (GABA+/Cr: 0.115 ± 0.003, GABA+:2.122 ± 0.052 i.u). The MT levels were positively correlated with GABA+/Cr (r = 0.301) and GABA+ (r = 0.312) within the ACC region. DATA CONCLUSION GABA+/Cr and GABA+ in ACC are positively correlated with MT. GABA levels in the PL have diurnal differences. These findings may indicate that the body's GABA level change in response to the light-dark cycle. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ye
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Zhong
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Tian
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifan Wei
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Han
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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23
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Lévi FA, Okyar A, Hadadi E, Innominato PF, Ballesta A. Circadian Regulation of Drug Responses: Toward Sex-Specific and Personalized Chronotherapy. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:89-114. [PMID: 37722720 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051920-095416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Today's challenge for precision medicine involves the integration of the impact of molecular clocks on drug pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and efficacy toward personalized chronotherapy. Meaningful improvements of tolerability and/or efficacy of medications through proper administration timing have been confirmed over the past decade for immunotherapy and chemotherapy against cancer, as well as for commonly used pharmacological agents in cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological conditions. Experimental and human studies have recently revealed sexually dimorphic circadian drug responses. Dedicated randomized clinical trials should now aim to issue personalized circadian timing recommendations for daily medical practice, integrating innovative technologies for remote longitudinal monitoring of circadian metrics, statistical prediction of molecular clock function from single-timepoint biopsies, and multiscale biorhythmic mathematical modelling. Importantly, chronofit patients with a robust circadian function, who would benefit most from personalized chronotherapy, need to be identified. Conversely, nonchronofit patients could benefit from the emerging pharmacological class of chronobiotics targeting the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis A Lévi
- Chronotherapy, Cancers and Transplantation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France;
- Gastrointestinal and General Oncology Service, Paul-Brousse Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, France
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Alper Okyar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Beyazit-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eva Hadadi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory for Myeloid Cell Immunology, Center for Inflammation Research VIB, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Pasquale F Innominato
- Oncology Department, Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School and Cancer Research Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Annabelle Ballesta
- Inserm Unit 900, Cancer Systems Pharmacology, Institut Curie, MINES ParisTech CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, Saint-Cloud, France
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24
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Shafer BM, Kogan SA, McHill AW. Pressure Building Against the Clock: The Impact of Circadian Misalignment on Blood Pressure. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024; 26:31-42. [PMID: 37837518 PMCID: PMC10916535 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Misalignment between the endogenous biological timing system and behavioral activities (i.e., sleep/wake, eating, activity) contributes to adverse cardiovascular health. In this review, we discuss the effects of recurring circadian misalignment on blood pressure regulation and the implications for hypertension development. Additionally, we highlight emerging therapeutic approaches designed to mitigate the negative cardiovascular consequences elicited by circadian disruption. RECENT FINDINGS Circadian misalignment elicited by work schedules that require individuals to be awake during the biological night (i.e., shift work) alters 24-h blood pressure rhythms. Mechanistically, circadian misalignment appears to alter blood pressure via changes in autonomic nervous system balance, variations to sodium retention, dysregulation of endothelial vasodilatory responsiveness, and activation of proinflammatory mechanisms. Recurring circadian misalignment produced by a mismatch in sleep timing on free days vs. work days (i.e., social jetlag) appears to have no direct effects on prevailing blood pressure levels in healthy adults; though, circadian disruptions resulting from social jetlag may increase the risk of hypertension through enhanced sympathetic activation and/or obesity. Furthermore, social jetlag assessment may be a useful metric in shift work populations where the magnitude of circadian misalignment may be greater than in the general population. Circadian misalignment promotes unfavorable changes to 24-h blood pressure rhythms, most notably in shift working populations. While light therapy, melatonin supplementation, and the timing of drug administration may improve cardiovascular outcomes, interventions designed to target the effects of circadian misalignment on blood pressure regulation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Shafer
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, 3455 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Sophia A Kogan
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, 3455 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, 3455 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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25
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Shapiro B, Fang Y, Sen S, Forger D. Unraveling the interplay of circadian rhythm and sleep deprivation on mood: A Real-World Study on first-year physicians. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000439. [PMID: 38295082 PMCID: PMC10829990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between circadian rhythms, time awake, and mood remains poorly understood in the real-world. Individuals in high-stress occupations with irregular schedules or nighttime shifts are particularly vulnerable to depression and other mood disorders. Advances in wearable technology have provided the opportunity to study these interactions outside of a controlled laboratory environment. Here, we examine the effects of circadian rhythms and time awake on mood in first-year physicians using wearables. Continuous heart rate, step count, sleep data, and daily mood scores were collected from 2,602 medical interns across 168,311 days of Fitbit data. Circadian time and time awake were extracted from minute-by-minute wearable heart rate and motion measurements. Linear mixed modeling determined the relationship between mood, circadian rhythm, and time awake. In this cohort, mood was modulated by circadian timekeeping (p<0.001). Furthermore, we show that increasing time awake both deteriorates mood (p<0.001) and amplifies mood's circadian rhythm nonlinearly. These findings demonstrate the contributions of both circadian rhythms and sleep deprivation to underlying mood and show how these factors can be studied in real-world settings using Fitbits. They underscore the promising opportunity to harness wearables in deploying chronotherapies for psychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shapiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Health, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Yu Fang
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Srijan Sen
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Daniel Forger
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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26
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Lai H, Xiang X, Long X, Chen Z, Liu Y, Huang X. Multi-omics and single-cell sequencing analyses reveal the potential significance of circadian pathways in cancer therapy. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:107-121. [PMID: 38288973 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2296668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian rhythm disturbance is an independent risk factor for cancer. However, few studies have been reported on circadian rhythm related genes (CRGs) in cancer, so it is important to further explore the impact of CRGs in pan-cancer. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to collect cancer-related data such as copy number variation, single nucleotide variants, methylation, and survival differences. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the expression of circadian rhythm hub genes. The circadian pathway scores (CRS) were calculated using single-sample gene enrichment analysis. TIMER and GEPIA databases were used for immune-cell integration and assessment. Single-cell sequencing data was used to evaluate the abundance of CRS in tumor microenvironment cells. RESULTS In this study, we found that the expression of circadian pathway varies between tumors. CSNK1E was significantly up-regulated in most tumors and CRY2 was significantly down-regulated in most tumors. The protein interaction network suggested CRY2 as the core gene and IHC verified its significant low expression in KIRC. In addition, CRGs were found to be protective factors in most tumors and have the potential to act as specific immune markers in different tumors. CRS was significantly lower in abundance in most tumors. CRS was significantly associated with overall survival in tumor patients and associated with the expression of many immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. CRS is significantly associated with tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability scores in most tumors and may serve as a potential immunotherapeutic marker. CONCLUSIONS The circadian rhythm pathway may be a breakthrough point in regulating the tumor microenvironment meanwhile a suitable immunotherapy method in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lai
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xiang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqing Long
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Zuyuan Chen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, The People's Republic of China
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27
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Kennedy KE, Abenza JF, Rossetti L, Trepat X, Villoslada P, Garcia-Ojalvo J. Parametric modeling of mechanical effects on circadian oscillators. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2024; 34:013135. [PMID: 38260936 DOI: 10.1063/5.0164829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are archetypal examples of nonlinear oscillations. While these oscillations are usually attributed to circuits of biochemical interactions among clock genes and proteins, recent experimental studies reveal that they are also affected by the cell's mechanical environment. Here, we extend a standard biochemical model of circadian rhythmicity to include mechanical effects in a parametric manner. Using experimental observations to constrain the model, we suggest specific ways in which the mechanical signal might affect the clock. Additionally, a bifurcation analysis of the system predicts that these mechanical signals need to be within an optimal range for circadian oscillations to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith E Kennedy
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan F Abenza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leone Rossetti
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Villoslada
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Xie P, Xie X, Ye C, Dean KM, Laothamatas I, Taufique SKT, Takahashi J, Yamazaki S, Xu Y, Liu Y. Mammalian circadian clock proteins form dynamic interacting microbodies distinct from phase separation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2318274120. [PMID: 38127982 PMCID: PMC10756265 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318274120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) underlies diverse biological processes. Because most LLPS studies were performed in vitro using recombinant proteins or in cells that overexpress protein, the physiological relevance of LLPS for endogenous protein is often unclear. PERIOD, the intrinsically disordered domain-rich proteins, are central mammalian circadian clock components and interact with other clock proteins in the core circadian negative feedback loop. Different core clock proteins were previously shown to form large complexes. Circadian clock studies often rely on experiments that overexpress clock proteins. Here, we show that when Per2 transgene was stably expressed in cells, PER2 protein formed nuclear phosphorylation-dependent slow-moving LLPS condensates that recruited other clock proteins. Super-resolution microscopy of endogenous PER2, however, revealed formation of circadian-controlled, rapidly diffusing nuclear microbodies that were resistant to protein concentration changes, hexanediol treatment, and loss of phosphorylation, indicating that they are distinct from the LLPS condensates caused by protein overexpression. Surprisingly, only a small fraction of endogenous PER2 microbodies transiently interact with endogenous BMAL1 and CRY1, a conclusion that was confirmed in cells and in mice tissues, suggesting an enzyme-like mechanism in the circadian negative feedback process. Together, these results demonstrate that the dynamic interactions of core clock proteins are a key feature of mammalian circadian clock mechanism and the importance of examining endogenous proteins in LLPS and circadian clock studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pancheng Xie
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Xiaowen Xie
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Congrong Ye
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Kevin M. Dean
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics and Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Isara Laothamatas
- HHMI, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
| | - S. K. Tahajjul Taufique
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
| | - Joseph Takahashi
- HHMI, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
| | - Shin Yamazaki
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9111
| | - Ying Xu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
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29
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Witt RM, Byars KC, Decker K, Dye TJ, Riley JM, Simmons D, Smith DF. Current Considerations in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders in Children. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023; 48:101091. [PMID: 38065634 PMCID: PMC10710539 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders (CRSWDs) are important sleep disorders whose unifying feature is a mismatch between the preferred or required times for sleep and wakefulness and the endogenous circadian drives for these. Their etiology, presentation, and treatment can be different in pediatric patients as compared to adults. Evaluation of these disorders must be performed while viewed through the lens of a patient's comorbid conditions. Newer methods of assessment promise to provide greater diagnostic clarity and critical insights into how circadian physiology affects overall health and disease states. Effective clinical management of CRSWDs is multimodal, requiring an integrated approach across disciplines. Therapeutic success depends upon appropriately timed nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions. A better understanding of the genetic predispositions for and causes of CRSWDs has led to novel clinical opportunities for diagnosis and improved therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle M Witt
- Division of Child Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kelly C Byars
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kristina Decker
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Thomas J Dye
- Division of Child Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jessica M Riley
- Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Danielle Simmons
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - David F Smith
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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30
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Dudek M, Pathiranage DRJ, Bano-Otalora B, Paszek A, Rogers N, Gonçalves CF, Lawless C, Wang D, Luo Z, Yang L, Guilak F, Hoyland JA, Meng QJ. Mechanical loading and hyperosmolarity as a daily resetting cue for skeletal circadian clocks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7237. [PMID: 37963878 PMCID: PMC10646113 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily rhythms in mammalian behaviour and physiology are generated by a multi-oscillator circadian system entrained through environmental cues (e.g. light and feeding). The presence of tissue niche-dependent physiological time cues has been proposed, allowing tissues the ability of circadian phase adjustment based on local signals. However, to date, such stimuli have remained elusive. Here we show that daily patterns of mechanical loading and associated osmotic challenge within physiological ranges reset circadian clock phase and amplitude in cartilage and intervertebral disc tissues in vivo and in tissue explant cultures. Hyperosmolarity (but not hypo-osmolarity) resets clocks in young and ageing skeletal tissues and induce genome-wide expression of rhythmic genes in cells. Mechanistically, RNAseq and biochemical analysis revealed the PLD2-mTORC2-AKT-GSK3β axis as a convergent pathway for both in vivo loading and hyperosmolarity-induced clock changes. These results reveal diurnal patterns of mechanical loading and consequent daily oscillations in osmolarity as a bona fide tissue niche-specific time cue to maintain skeletal circadian rhythms in sync.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dudek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Dharshika R J Pathiranage
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Beatriz Bano-Otalora
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Paszek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Natalie Rogers
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Cátia F Gonçalves
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Craig Lawless
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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Li Z, Huang L, Luo Y, Yu B, Tian G. Effects and possible mechanisms of intermittent fasting on health and disease: a narrative review. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1626-1635. [PMID: 36940184 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between energy intake and expenditure in an environment of continuous food availability can lead to metabolic disturbances in the body and increase the risk of obesity and a range of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Intermittent fasting (IF) is one of the most popular nonpharmacological interventions to combat obesity and chronic noncommunicable diseases. The 3 most widely studied IF regimens are alternate-day fasting, time-restricted feeding, and the 5:2 diet. In rodents, IF helps optimize energy metabolism, prevent obesity, promote brain health, improve immune and reproductive function, and delay aging. In humans, IF's benefits are relevant for the aging global population and for increasing human life expectancy. However, the optimal model of IF remains unclear. In this review, the possible mechanisms of IF are summarized and its possible drawbacks are discussed on the basis of the results of existing research, which provide a new idea for nonpharmaceutical dietary intervention of chronic noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Liansu Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Gang Tian
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Xie P, Xie X, Ye C, Dean KM, Laothamatas I, Taufique SKT, Takahashi J, Yamazaki S, Xu Y, Liu Y. Mammalian circadian clock proteins form dynamic interacting microbodies distinct from phase separation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.19.563153. [PMID: 37961341 PMCID: PMC10634710 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.19.563153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) underlies diverse biological processes. Because most LLPS studies were performed in vitro or in cells that overexpress protein, the physiological relevance of LLPS is unclear. PERIOD proteins are central mammalian circadian clock components and interact with other clock proteins in the core circadian negative feedback loop. Different core clock proteins were previously shown to form large complexes. Here we show that when transgene was stably expressed, PER2 formed nuclear phosphorylation-dependent LLPS condensates that recruited other clock proteins. Super-resolution microscopy of endogenous PER2, however, revealed formation of circadian-controlled, rapidly diffusing microbodies that were resistant to protein concentration changes, hexanediol treatment, and loss of phosphorylation, indicating that they are distinct from the LLPS condensates caused by overexpression. Surprisingly, only a small fraction of endogenous PER2 microbodies transiently interact with endogenous BMAL1 and CRY1, a conclusion that was confirmed in cells and in mice tissues, suggesting an enzyme-like mechanism in the circadian negative feedback process. Together, these results demonstrate that the dynamic interactions of core clock proteins is a key feature of mammalian circadian clock mechanism and the importance of examining endogenous proteins in LLPS and circadian studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pancheng Xie
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University; Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaowen Xie
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Congrong Ye
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kevin M. Dean
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics and Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Isara Laothamatas
- Department of Neuroscience and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9111, USA
| | - S K Tahajjul Taufique
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9111, USA
| | - Joseph Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9111, USA
| | - Shin Yamazaki
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9111, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University; Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Murgo E, Colangelo T, Bellet MM, Malatesta F, Mazzoccoli G. Role of the Circadian Gas-Responsive Hemeprotein NPAS2 in Physiology and Pathology. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 37887064 PMCID: PMC10603908 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) is a hemeprotein comprising a basic helix-loop-helix domain (bHLH) and two heme-binding sites, the PAS-A and PAS-B domains. This protein acts as a pyridine nucleotide-dependent and gas-responsive CO-dependent transcription factor and is encoded by a gene whose expression fluctuates with circadian rhythmicity. NPAS2 is a core cog of the molecular clockwork and plays a regulatory role on metabolic pathways, is important for the function of the central nervous system in mammals, and is involved in carcinogenesis as well as in normal biological functions and processes, such as cardiovascular function and wound healing. We reviewed the scientific literature addressing the various facets of NPAS2 and framing this gene/protein in several and very different research and clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
- Cancer Cell Signaling Unit, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Marina Bellet
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Malatesta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
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Sangma JT, Trivedi AK. Light at night: effect on the daily clock, learning, memory, cognition, and expression of transcripts in different brain regions of rat. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2297-2314. [PMID: 37337065 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in urbanization is altering the natural composition of the day-night light ratio. The light/dark cycle regulates animal learning, memory, and mood swings. A study was conducted to examine the effect of different quantity and quality of light at night on the daily clock, learning, memory, cognition, and expression of transcripts in key learning centers. Treatment was similar for experiments one to three. Rats were exposed for 30 days to 12 h light and 12 h dark with a night light of 2 lx (dLAN group), 250 lx (LL), or without night light (LD). In experiment one, after 28 days, blood samples were collected and 2 days later, animals were exposed to constant darkness. In experiment two, after 30 days of treatment, animals were subjected to various tests involving learning, memory, and cognition. In experiment three, after 30 days of treatment, animals were sampled, and transcript levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosine kinase, Growth-Associated Protein 43, Neurogranin, microRNA-132, cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein, Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, and Tumor necrosis factor α were measured in hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex tissues. In experiment four, animals were exposed to night light of 0.019 W/m2 but of either red (640 nm), green (540 nm), or blue (450 nm) wavelength for 30 days, and similar tests were performed as mentioned in experiment 2. While in experiment five, after 30 days of respective wavelength treatments, all animals were sampled for gene expression studies. Our results show that exposure to dLAN and LL affects the daily clock as reflected by altered melatonin secretion and locomotor activity, compromises the learning, memory, and cognitive ability, and alterations in the expression levels of transcripts in the hypothalamus, cortex, and thalamus. The effect is night light intensity dependent. Further, blue light at night has less drastic effects than green and red light. These results could be of the potential use of framing the policies for the use of light at night.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Sangma
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Amit K Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India.
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Unruh BA, Weidemann DE, Kojima S. Coordination of rhythmic RNA synthesis and degradation orchestrates 24-hour and 12-hour RNA expression patterns in mouse fibroblasts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.26.550672. [PMID: 37546997 PMCID: PMC10402069 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian RNA expression is essential to ultimately regulate a plethora of downstream rhythmic biochemical, physiological, and behavioral processes. Both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are considered important to drive rhythmic RNA expression, however, the extent to which each regulatory process contributes to the rhythmic RNA expression remains controversial. To systematically address this, we monitored RNA dynamics using metabolic RNA labeling technology during a circadian cycle in mouse fibroblasts. We find that rhythmic RNA synthesis is the primary contributor of 24 hr RNA rhythms, while rhythmic degradation is more important for 12 hr RNA rhythms. These rhythms were predominantly regulated by Bmal1 and/or the core clock mechanism, and interplay between rhythmic synthesis and degradation has a significant impact in shaping rhythmic RNA expression patterns. Interestingly, core clock RNAs are regulated by multiple rhythmic processes and have the highest amplitude of synthesis and degradation, presumably critical to sustain robust rhythmicity of cell-autonomous circadian rhythms. Our study yields invaluable insights into the temporal dynamics of both 24 hr and 12 hr RNA rhythms in mouse fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Unruh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Douglas E Weidemann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Shihoko Kojima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
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Shiraseb F, Mirzababaei A, Daneshzad E, Khosravinia D, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet with mental health, sleep quality and chronotype in women with overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:57. [PMID: 37395824 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental and sleep disorders are global public health problems, especially in Middle Eastern countries, and are significantly associated with circadian rhythm. This study sought to investigate the association between the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet scores and mental health, sleep quality, and circadian rhythm. METHODS We enrolled 266 overweight and obese women, and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Morning-Evening Questionnaire (MEQ), were assessed. The Mediterranean and DASH diet score was measured using a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression tests were used as appropriate. RESULTS Our results showed that there was a significant inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and mild and moderate anxiety scores (p < 0.05). In addition, there was an inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and the risk of severe depression and extremely severe stress scores (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher adherence to both dietary scores was associated with good sleep quality (p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between circadian rhythm and the DASH diet (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A significant association exists between a DASH and Mediterranean diet with sleep status, mental health, and chronotype in women of childbearing age with obesity and overweight. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Cross-sectional observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Darya Khosravinia
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Collins HE. Female cardiovascular biology and resilience in the setting of physiological and pathological stress. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102747. [PMID: 37216702 PMCID: PMC10209889 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, females were thought of as smaller men with complex hormonal cycles; as a result, females have been largely excluded from preclinical and clinical research. However, in the last ten years, with the increased focus on sex as a biological variable, it has become clear that this is not the case, and in fact, male and female cardiovascular biology and cardiac stress responses differ substantially. Premenopausal women are protected from cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and resultant heart failure, having preserved cardiac function, reduced adverse remodeling, and increased survival. Many underlying biological processes that contribute to ventricular remodeling differ between the sexes, such as cellular metabolism; immune cell responses; cardiac fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodeling; cardiomyocyte dysfunction; and endothelial biology; however, it is unclear how these changes afford protection to the female heart. Although many of these changes are dependent on protection provided by female sex hormones, several of these changes occur independent of sex hormones, suggesting that the nature of these changes is more complex than initially thought. This may be why studies focused on the cardiovascular benefits of hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women have provided mixed results. Some of the complexity likely stems from the fact that the cellular composition of the heart is sexually dimorphic and that in the setting of MI, different subpopulations of these cell types are apparent. Despite the documented sex-differences in cardiovascular (patho)physiology, the underlying mechanisms that contribute are largely unknown due to inconsistent findings amongst investigators and, in some cases, lack of rigor in reporting and consideration of sex-dependent variables. Therefore, this review aims to describe current understanding of the sex-dependent differences in the myocardium in response to physiological and pathological stressors, with a focus on the sex-dependent differences that contribute to post-infarction remodeling and resultant functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Delia B. Baxter Research Building, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston S, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Otsuka K, Murakami S, Okajima K, Shibata K, Kubo Y, Gubin DG, Beaty LA, Cornelissen G. Appropriate Circadian-Circasemidian Coupling Protects Blood Pressure from Morning Surge and Promotes Human Resilience and Wellbeing. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:755-769. [PMID: 37193339 PMCID: PMC10183193 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s398957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood pressure (BP) variability is involved in the appraisal of threat and safety, and can serve as a potential marker of psychological resilience against stress. The relationship between biological rhythms of BP and resilience was cross-sectionally assessed by 7-day/24-hour chronobiologic screening in a rural Japanese community (Tosa), with focus on the 12-hour component and the "circadian-circasemidian coupling" of systolic (S) BP. Subjects and Methods Tosa residents (N = 239, 147 women, 23-74 years), free of anti-hypertensive medication, completed 7-day/24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. The circadian-circasemidian coupling was determined individually by computing the difference between the circadian phase and the circasemidian morning-phase of SBP. Participants were classified into three groups: those with a short coupling interval of about 4.5 hours (Group A), those with an intermediate coupling interval of about 6.0 hours (Group B), and those with a long coupling interval of about 8.0 hours (Group C). Results Residents of Group B who showed optimal circadian-circasemidian coordination had less pronounced morning and evening SBP surges, as compared to residents of Group A (10.82 vs 14.29 mmHg, P < 0.0001) and Group C (11.86 vs 15.21 mmHg, P < 0.0001), respectively. The incidence of morning or evening SBP surge was less in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.0001) or Group C (P < 0.0001). Group B residents showed highest measures of wellbeing and psychological resilience, assessed by good relation with friends (P < 0.05), life satisfaction (P < 0.05), and subjective happiness (P < 0.05). A disturbed circadian-circasemidian coupling was associated with elevated BP, dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis and a depressive mood. Conclusion The circadian-circasemidian coupling of SBP could serve as a new biomarker in clinical practice to guide precision medicine interventions aimed at achieving properly timed rhythms, and thereby resilience and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Otsuka
- Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Shougo Murakami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Soseikai General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okajima
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Higashi Omiya General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Kubo
- Department of Medicine, Machida Keisen Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Denis G Gubin
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, Tyumen, 625023, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical University, Tyumen, 625023, Russia
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larry A Beaty
- Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Jamal NE, Brooks TG, Cohen J, Townsend RR, de Sosa GR, Shah V, Nelson RG, Drawz PE, Rao P, Bhat Z, Chang A, Yang W, FitzGerald GA, Skarke C. Prognostic utility of rhythmic components in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for the risk stratification of chronic kidney disease patients with cardiovascular co-morbidity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.02.23289413. [PMID: 37205602 PMCID: PMC10187452 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.02.23289413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global burden. Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for rapid progression of CKD. Methods We extend the risk stratification by introducing the non-parametric determination of rhythmic components in 24-hour profiles of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the African American Study for Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) cohort and the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) using Cox proportional hazards models. Results We find that rhythmic profiling of BP through JTK_Cycle analysis identifies subgroups of CRIC participants at advanced risk of cardiovascular death. CRIC participants with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and absent cyclic components in their BP profile had at any time a 3.4-times higher risk of cardiovascular death than CVD patients with cyclic components present in their BP profile (HR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.45-7.88, p=0.005). This substantially increased risk was independent of whether ABPM followed a dipping or non-dipping pattern whereby non-dipping or reverse dipping were not significantly associated with cardiovascular death in patients with prior CVD (p>0.1). In the AASK cohort, unadjusted models demonstrate a higher risk in reaching end stage renal disease among participants without rhythmic ABPM components (HR:1.80, 95% CI: 1.10-2.96); however, full adjustment abolished this association. Conclusions This study proposes rhythmic blood pressure components as a novel biomarker to unmask excess risk among CKD patients with prior cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim E1 Jamal
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas G. Brooks
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordana Cohen
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raymond R. Townsend
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Vallabh Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Robert G. Nelson
- The Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paul E. Drawz
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Panduranga Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zeenat Bhat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Chang
- Kidney Health Research Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carsten Skarke
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ortega-Campos SM, Verdugo-Sivianes EM, Amiama-Roig A, Blanco JR, Carnero A. Interactions of circadian clock genes with the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188900. [PMID: 37105413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The molecular machinery of the circadian clock regulates the expression of many genes and processes in the organism, allowing the adaptation of cellular activities to the daily light-dark cycles. Disruption of the circadian rhythm can lead to various pathologies, including cancer. Thus, disturbance of the normal circadian clock at both genetic and environmental levels has been described as an independent risk factor for cancer. In addition, researchers have proposed that circadian genes may have a tissue-dependent and/or context-dependent role in tumorigenesis and may function both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Finally, circadian clock core genes may trigger or at least be involved in different hallmarks of cancer. Hence, expanding the knowledge of the molecular basis of the circadian clock would be helpful to identify new prognostic markers of tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Ortega-Campos
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Eva M Verdugo-Sivianes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Amiama-Roig
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - José R Blanco
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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41
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Park JW, Roh E, Kang GM, Gil SY, Kim HK, Lee CH, Jang WH, Park SE, Moon SY, Kim SJ, Jeong SY, Park CB, Lim HS, Oh YR, Jung HN, Kwon O, Youn BS, Son GH, Min SH, Kim MS. Circulating blood eNAMPT drives the circadian rhythms in locomotor activity and energy expenditure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1994. [PMID: 37031230 PMCID: PMC10082796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor of critical enzymes including protein deacetylase sirtuins/SIRTs and its levels in mammalian cells rely on the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated salvage pathway. Intracellular NAMPT (iNAMPT) is secreted and found in the blood as extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). In the liver, the iNAMPT-NAD+ axis oscillates in a circadian manner and regulates the cellular clockwork. Here we show that the hypothalamic NAD+ levels show a distinct circadian fluctuation with a nocturnal rise in lean mice. This rhythm is in phase with that of plasma eNAMPT levels but not with that of hypothalamic iNAMPT levels. Chemical and genetic blockade of eNAMPT profoundly inhibit the nighttime elevations in hypothalamic NAD+ levels as well as those in locomotor activity (LMA) and energy expenditure (EE). Conversely, elevation of plasma eNAMPT by NAMPT administration increases hypothalamic NAD+ levels and stimulates LMA and EE via the hypothalamic NAD+-SIRT-FOXO1-melanocortin pathway. Notably, obese animals display a markedly blunted circadian oscillation in blood eNAMPT-hypothalamic NAD+-FOXO1 axis as well as LMA and EE. Our findings indicate that the eNAMPT regulation of hypothalamic NAD+ biosynthesis underlies circadian physiology and that this system can be significantly disrupted by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Eun Roh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, 14068, Korea
| | - Gil Myoung Kang
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - So Young Gil
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyong Kim
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Korea
| | - Won Hee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seong Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Chae Beom Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Yu Rim Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Han Na Jung
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Obin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | | | - Gi Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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42
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Liu JY, Xue J, Wang F, Wang YL, Dong WL. α-Synuclein-Induced Destabilized BMAL1 mRNA Leads to Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Parkinson's Disease. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:177-186. [PMID: 36662411 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Circadian dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). The potential influence of aggravated α-synuclein (SNCA) on circadian disruption remains unclear. SNCAA53T-overexpressing transgenic mice (SNCAA53T mice) and wild-type (WT) littermates were used in this study. The energy metabolism cage test showed differences in 24-h activity pattern between SNCAA53T and WT mice. When compared with the age-matched littermates, brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1) was downregulated in SNCAA53T mice. BMAL1 was downregulated in PC12 cells overexpressing SNCA. Degradation of BMAL1 protein remained unchanged after overexpression of SNCA, while its mRNA level decreased. miRNA (miR)-155 was upregulated by overexpression of SNCA, and downregulation of BMAL1 was partially reversed by transfection with miR-155 inhibitor. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of SNCA induced biorhythm disruption and downregulated BMAL1 expression through decreasing stability of BMAL1 mRNA via miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 214123, China
| | - Jian Xue
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 214123, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North), Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Wan-Li Dong
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 214123, China.
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Giantomasi L, Ribeiro JF, Barca-Mayo O, Malerba M, Miele E, De Pietri Tonelli D, Berdondini L. Astrocytes actively support long-range molecular clock synchronization of segregated neuronal populations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4815. [PMID: 36964220 PMCID: PMC10038999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is the master circadian pacemaker that synchronizes the clocks in the central nervous system and periphery, thus orchestrating rhythms throughout the body. However, little is known about how so many cellular clocks within and across brain circuits can be effectively synchronized. In this work, we investigated the implication of two possible pathways: (i) astrocytes-mediated synchronization and (ii) neuronal paracrine factors-mediated synchronization. By taking advantage of a lab-on-a-chip microfluidic device developed in our laboratory, here we report that both pathways are involved. We found the paracrine factors-mediated synchronization of molecular clocks is diffusion-limited and, in our device, effective only in case of a short distance between neuronal populations. Interestingly, interconnecting astrocytes define an active signaling channel that can synchronize molecular clocks of neuronal populations also at longer distances. At mechanism level, we found that astrocytes-mediated synchronization involves both GABA and glutamate, while neuronal paracrine factors-mediated synchronization occurs through GABA signaling. These findings identify a previously unknown role of astrocytes as active cells that might distribute long-range signals to synchronize the brain clocks, thus further strengthening the importance of reciprocal interactions between glial and neuronal cells in the context of circadian circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Giantomasi
- Microtechnology for Neuroelectronics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - João F Ribeiro
- Microtechnology for Neuroelectronics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Olga Barca-Mayo
- Neurobiology of miRNA, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy
- Circadian and Glial Biology Lab, Physiology Department, Molecular Medicine, and Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mario Malerba
- Microtechnology for Neuroelectronics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), CNRS UMR 9001, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Ermanno Miele
- Microtechnology for Neuroelectronics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Luca Berdondini
- Microtechnology for Neuroelectronics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163, Genova, Italy.
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44
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Liu Y, Guo S, Sun Y, Zhang C, Gan J, Ning S, Wang J. CRS: a circadian rhythm score model for predicting prognosis and treatment response in cancer patients. J Transl Med 2023; 21:185. [PMID: 36895015 PMCID: PMC9996877 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian rhythm regulates complex physiological activities in organisms. A strong link between circadian dysfunction and cancer has been identified. However, the factors of dysregulation and functional significance of circadian rhythm genes in cancer have received little attention. METHODS In 18 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the differential expression and genetic variation of 48 circadian rhythm genes (CRGs) were examined. The circadian rhythm score (CRS) model was created using the ssGSEA method, and patients were divided into high and low groups based on the CRS. The Kaplan-Meier curve was created to assess the patient survival rate. Cibersort and estimate methods were used to identify the infiltration characteristics of immune cells between different CRS subgroups. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset is used as verification queue and model stability evaluation queue. The CRS model's ability to predict chemotherapy and immunotherapy was assessed. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the differences of CRS among different patients. We use CRS to identify potential "clock-drugs" by the connective map method. RESULTS Transcriptomic and genomic analyses of 48 CRGs revealed that most core clock genes are up-regulated, while clock control genes are down-regulated. Furthermore, we show that copy number variation may affect CRGs aberrations. Based on CRS, patients can be classified into two groups with significant differences in survival and immune cell infiltration. Further studies showed that patients with low CRS were more sensitive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Additionally, we identified 10 compounds (e.g. flubendazole, MLN-4924, ingenol) that are positively associated with CRS, and have the potential to modulate circadian rhythms. CONCLUSIONS CRS can be utilized as a clinical indicator to predict patient prognosis and responsiveness to therapy, and identify potential "clock-drugs".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Caiyu Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shangwei Ning
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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45
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Chauhan S, Norbury R, Faßbender KC, Ettinger U, Kumari V. Beyond sleep: A multidimensional model of chronotype. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105114. [PMID: 36868368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronotype can be defined as an expression or proxy for circadian rhythms of varied mechanisms, for example in body temperature, cortisol secretion, cognitive functions, eating and sleeping patterns. It is influenced by a range of internal (e.g., genetics) and external factors (e.g., light exposure), and has implications for health and well-being. Here, we present a critical review and synthesis of existing models of chronotype. Our observations reveal that most existing models and, as a consequence, associated measures of chronotype have focused solely or primarily on the sleep dimension, and typically have not incorporated social and environmental influences on chronotype. We propose a multidimensional model of chronotype, integrating individual (biological and psychological), environmental and social factors that appear to interact to determine an individual's true chronotype with potential feedback loops between these factors. This model could be beneficial not only from a basic science perspective but also in the context of understanding health and clinical implications of certain chronotypes as well as designing preventive and therapeutic approaches for related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Chauhan
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Veena Kumari
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
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46
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McHill AW, Brown LS, Phillips AJK, Barger LK, Garaulet M, Scheer FAJL, Klerman EB. Later energy intake relative to mathematically modeled circadian time is associated with higher percentage body fat. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31 Suppl 1:50-56. [PMID: 35765855 PMCID: PMC9797621 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Later circadian timing of energy intake is associated with higher body fat percentage. Current methods for obtaining accurate circadian timing are labor- and cost-intensive, limiting practical application of this relationship. This study investigated whether the timing of energy intake relative to a mathematically modeled circadian time, derived from easily collected ambulatory data, would differ between participants with a lean or overweight/obesity body fat percentage. METHODS Participants (N = 87) wore a light- and activity-measuring device (actigraph) throughout a cross-sectional 30-day study. For 7 consecutive days within these 30 days, participants used a time-stamped-picture phone application to record energy intake. Body fat percentage was recorded. Circadian time was defined using melatonin onset from in-laboratory collected repeat saliva sampling or using light and activity or activity data alone entered into a mathematical model. RESULTS Participants with overweight/obesity body fat percentages ate 50% of their daily calories significantly closer to model-predicted melatonin onset from light and activity data (0.61 hours closer) or activity data alone (0.86 hours closer; both log-rank p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Use of mathematically modeled circadian timing resulted in similar relationships between the timing of energy intake and body composition as that observed using in-laboratory collected metrics. These findings may facilitate use of circadian timing in time-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lindsey S. Brown
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Allston, MA, USA
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew JK Phillips
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura K. Barger
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Frank AJL Scheer
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Klerman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Verma AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Aging, circadian disruption and neurodegeneration: Interesting interplay. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112076. [PMID: 36574855 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is an intricate molecular network of coordinating circadian clocks that organize the internal synchrony of the organism in response to the environment. These rhythms are maintained by genetically programmed positive and negative auto-regulated transcriptional and translational feedback loops that sustain 24-hour oscillations in mRNA and protein components of the endogenous circadian clock. Since inter and intracellular activity of the central pacemaker appears to reduce with aging, the interaction between the circadian clock and aging continues to elude our understanding. In this review article, we discuss circadian clock components at the molecular level and how aging adversely affects circadian clock functioning in rodents and humans. The natural decline in melatonin levels with aging strongly contributes to circadian dysregulation resulting in the development of neurological anomalies. Additionally, inappropriate environmental conditions such as Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) can cause circadian disruption or chronodisruption (CD) which can result in a variety of pathological diseases, including premature aging. Furthermore, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that CD may also be a predisposing factor for the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), although more investigation is required to prove this link. Finally, certain chrono-enhancement approaches have been offered as intervention strategies to prevent, alleviate, or mitigate the impacts of CD. This review thus aims to bring together recent advancements in the chronobiology of the aging process, as well as its role in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India; Psychedelics Research Group, Biological Psychiatry Laboratory and Hadassah BrainLabs, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
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48
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Liu LP, Li MH, Zheng YW. Hair Follicles as a Critical Model for Monitoring the Circadian Clock. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032407. [PMID: 36768730 PMCID: PMC9916850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Clock (circadian) genes are heterogeneously expressed in hair follicles (HFs). The genes can be modulated by both the central circadian system and some extrinsic factors, such as light and thyroid hormones. These circadian genes participate in the regulation of several physiological processes of HFs, including hair growth and pigmentation. On the other hand, because peripheral circadian genes are synchronized with the central clock, HFs could provide a noninvasive and practical method for monitoring and evaluating multiple circadian-rhythm-related conditions and disorders among humans, including day and night shifts, sleep-wake disorders, physical activities, energy metabolism, and aging. However, due to the complexity of circadian biology, understanding how intrinsic oscillation operates using peripheral tissues only may be insufficient. Combining HF sampling with multidimensional assays such as detection of body temperature, blood samples, or certain validated questionnaires may be helpful in improving HF applications. Thus, HFs can serve as a critical model for monitoring the circadian clock and can help provide an understanding of the potential mechanisms of circadian-rhythm-related conditions; furthermore, chronotherapy could support personalized treatment scheduling based on the gene expression profile expressed in HFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Correspondence: (L.-P.L.); (Y.-W.Z.)
| | - Meng-Huan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 234-0006, Japan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Correspondence: (L.-P.L.); (Y.-W.Z.)
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49
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Chihara I, Negoro H, Kono J, Nagumo Y, Tsuchiya H, Kojo K, Shiga M, Tanaka K, Kandori S, Mathis BJ, Nishiyama H. Glucocorticoids coordinate the bladder peripheral clock and diurnal micturition pattern in mice. Commun Biol 2023; 6:81. [PMID: 36681730 PMCID: PMC9867708 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral clocks function to regulate each organ and are synchronized though various molecular and behavioral signals. However, signals that entrain the bladder clock remain elusive. Here, we show that glucocorticoids are a key cue for the bladder clock in vitro and in vivo. A pBmal1-dLuc human urothelial cell-line showed significant shifts in gene expression after cortisol treatment. In vivo, rhythmic bladder clock gene expression was unchanged by bilateral adrenalectomy but shifted 4 h forward by corticosterone administration at the inactive phase. Moreover, the bladder clock shifted 8-12 h in mice that underwent both bilateral adrenalectomy and corticosterone administration at the inactive phase. These mice showed decreases in the diurnal rhythm of volume voided per micturition, while maintaining diurnal activity rhythms. These results indicate that the diurnal rhythm of glucocorticoid signaling is a zeitgeber that overcomes other bladder clock entrainment factors and coordinates the diurnal rhythm of volume voided per micturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Chihara
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Negoro
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Jin Kono
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nagumo
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Haruki Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kojo
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masanobu Shiga
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuya Kandori
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bryan J Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Affiliated Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishiyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Cao X, Wang L, Selby CP, Lindsey-Boltz LA, Sancar A. Analysis of mammalian circadian clock protein complexes over a circadian cycle. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102929. [PMID: 36682495 PMCID: PMC9950529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythmicity is maintained by a set of core clock proteins including the transcriptional activators CLOCK and BMAL1, and the repressors PER (PER1, PER2, and PER3), CRY (CRY1 and CRY2), and CK1δ. In mice, peak expression of the repressors in the early morning reduces CLOCK- and BMAL1-mediated transcription/translation of the repressors themselves. By late afternoon the repressors are largely depleted by degradation, and thereby their expression is reactivated in a cycle repeated every 24 h. Studies have characterized a variety of possible protein interactions and complexes associated with the function of this transcription-translation feedback loop. Our prior investigation suggested there were two circadian complexes responsible for rhythmicity, one containing CLOCK-BMAL and the other containing PER2, CRY1, and CK1δ. In this investigation, we acquired data from glycerol gradient centrifugation and gel filtration chromatography of mouse liver extracts obtained at different circadian times to further characterize circadian complexes. In addition, anti-PER2 and anti-CRY1 immunoprecipitates obtained from the same extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify components of circadian complexes. Our results confirm the presence of discrete CLOCK-BMAL1 and PER-CRY-CK1δ complexes at the different circadian time points, provide masses of 255 and 707 kDa, respectively, for these complexes, and indicate that these complexes are composed principally of the core circadian proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher P Selby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura A Lindsey-Boltz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aziz Sancar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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