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Fierro-Arenas A, Landskron G, Camhi-Vainroj I, Basterrechea B, Parada-Venegas D, Lobos-González L, Dubois-Camacho K, Araneda C, Romero C, Domínguez A, Vásquez G, López-K F, Alvarez K, González CM, Hager Ribeiro C, Balboa E, Eugenin E, Hermoso MA, De la Fuente López M. Pannexin-1 expression in tumor cells correlates with colon cancer progression and survival. Life Sci 2024; 351:122851. [PMID: 38897345 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Pannexin-1 (PANX1) is a hemichannel that releases ATP upon opening, initiating inflammation, cell proliferation, and migration. However, the role of PANX1 channels in colon cancer remains poorly understood, thus constituting the focus of this study. MAIN METHODS PANX1 mRNA expression was analyzed using multiple cancer databases. PANX1 protein expression and distribution were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on primary tumor tissue and non-tumor colonic mucosa from colon cancer patients. PANX1 inhibitors (probenecid or 10Panx) were used to assess colon cancer cell lines viability. To study the role of PANX1 in vivo, a subcutaneous xenograft model using HCT116 cells was performed in BALB/c NOD/SCID immunodeficient mice to evaluate tumor growth under PANX1 inhibition using probenecid. KEY FINDINGS PANX1 mRNA was upregulated in colon cancer tissue compared to non-tumor colonic mucosa. Elevated PANX1 mRNA expression in tumors correlated with worse disease-free survival. PANX1 protein abundance was increased on tumor cells compared to epithelial cells in paired samples, in a cancer stage-dependent manner. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that blocking PANX1 reduced cell viability and tumor growth. SIGNIFICANCE PANX1 can be used as a biomarker of colon cancer progression and blocking PANX1 channel opening could be used as a potential therapeutic strategy against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Fierro-Arenas
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Glauben Landskron
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ilan Camhi-Vainroj
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Basterrechea
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Parada-Venegas
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois-Camacho
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catalina Araneda
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Romero
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonia Domínguez
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Vásquez
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Karin Alvarez
- Cancer Center, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos M González
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Elisa Balboa
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, USA
| | - Marcela A Hermoso
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjorie De la Fuente López
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBMED), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Clínica Las Condes, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
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Holzinger T, Frei J, Jarzebska NT, Beer HD, Kündig TM, Pascolo S, Läuchli S, Mellett M. Differential functionality of fluoropyrimidine nucleosides for safe cancer therapy. Anticancer Drugs 2024:00001813-990000000-00306. [PMID: 39012759 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapies are standard care for most cancer types. Pyrimidine analogs including 5-fluorouracil, cytosine arabinoside, 5-azacytidine, and gemcitabine are effective drugs that are utilized as part of a number of anticancer regimens. However, their lack of cell-specificity results in severe side effects. Therefore, there is a capacity to improve the efficacy of such therapies, while decreasing unwanted side effects. Here, we report that while 5-fluorocytosine is not chemotherapeutic in itself, incorporated into a ribonucleoside and more importantly into an RNA oligonucleotide, it induces cytotoxic effects on cancer cells in vitro. Interestingly, these effects are rescued by both uridine and thymidine. Similarly, in-vitro 2'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine inhibits the growth of tumor cells but has the advantage of being less toxic to human primary cells compared with 5-fluorocytidine, suggesting that the deoxyribonucleoside could exhibit less side-effects in vivo. Thus, this work indicates that the potency of 5-fluorocytidine and 2'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine should be further explored. In particular, oligonucleotides incorporating 5-fluorocytosine could be novel chemotherapeutic drugs that could be formulated in cancer-specific particles for safe and efficacious cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Holzinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Julia Frei
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Natalia Teresa Jarzebska
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Thomas M Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Severin Läuchli
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Mark Mellett
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), University of Zürich (UZH)
- Faculty of Medicine
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Zheng H, Zheng J, Shen Y. Targeting SEZ6L2 in Colon Cancer: Efficacy of Bexarotene and Implications for Survival. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024:10.1007/s12029-024-01085-9. [PMID: 38954188 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bexarotene, also recognized as Targretin, is categorized as a retinoid, a type of cancer drug. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of bexarotene in relation to colon cancer remain unclear. In colon cancer, SEZ6L2 was suggested as one of the biomarkers and targets. This study presents a comprehensive exploration of the role of SEZ6L2 in colon cancer. METHODS We utilized both TCGA data and a cohort of Chinese patients. In a meticulous analysis of 478 colon cancer cases, SEZ6L2 expression levels were examined in relation to clinical characteristics, staging parameters, and treatment outcomes. Additionally, we investigated the pharmacological impact of bexarotene on SEZ6L2, demonstrating a significant downregulation of SEZ6L2 at both mRNA and protein levels in colon cancer patients following bexarotene treatment. RESULTS SEZ6L2 consistently overexpresses in colon cancer, serving as a potential universal biomarker with prognostic significance, validated in a diverse Chinese cohort. In vitro, SEZ6L2 promotes cell viability without affecting migration. Bexarotene treatment inhibits SEZ6L2 expression, correlating with reduced viability both in vitro and in vivo. SEZ6L2 overexpression accelerates declining survival rates in an in vivo context. Bexarotene's efficacy is context-dependent, effective in parental cells but not with SEZ6L2 overexpression. Computational predictions suggest a direct SEZ6L2-bexarotene interaction, warranting further experimental exploration. CONCLUSION The study provides valuable insights into SEZ6L2 as a prognostic biomarker in colon cancer, revealing its intricate relationship with clinical parameters, treatment outcomes, and bexarotene effects. Context-dependent therapeutic responses emphasize the nuanced understanding required for SEZ6L2's role in colon cancer, paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Zheng
- Digestive System Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 318 Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianying Zheng
- Operation Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Digestive System Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 318 Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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Rahman S, Affleck AG, Ruhl RA, Patel RK, Gao L, Brinkerhoff BT, Tsikitis VL, Anand S. Combinatorial Inhibition of Complement Factor D and BCL2 for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2024; 67:940-950. [PMID: 38479005 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000003199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor immune microenvironment is distinct between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer, which facilitates tumor progression. We previously identified several genes, including complement factor D, as having increased expression in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess and validate the differential expression of immune genes in early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer. We also aimed to test known drugs targeting genes increased in early-onset colorectal cancer in preclinical mouse models. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study with analysis was performed using tumor RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cell culture and immunohistochemistry to validate gene expression and function and in vivo preclinical tumor study to assess drug efficacy. SETTINGS The Oregon Colorectal Cancer Registry was queried to identify patients with colorectal cancer. PATIENTS The study included 67 patients with early-onset colorectal cancer and 54 patients with late-onset colorectal cancer. INTERVENTIONS Preclinical animal models using the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line were treated with the complement factor D inhibitor danicopan and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, or with vehicle controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Elevated RNA signatures using NanoString data were evaluated by the retrospective cohort. When inhibiting these markers in the mouse preclinical model, tumor volume and weight were the main outcome measures. RESULTS After updating our sample size from our previously published data, we found that complement factor D and BCL2, genes with known function and small molecule inhibitors, are elevated in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer. When inhibiting these markers with the drugs danicopan and venetoclax in a mouse model, we found that the combination of these drugs decreased tumor burden but also resulted in toxicity. LIMITATIONS This study is limited by a small sample size and a subcutaneous tumor model. CONCLUSIONS Combinatorial inhibition of early-onset associated genes complement factor D and BCL2 slows the growth of early-onset colorectal cancer in a mouse preclinical model. See Video Abstract . INHIBICIN COMBINADA DEL FACTOR DCOMPLEMENTARIO Y DEL BCL EN CASOS DE CNCER COLORRECTAL DE APARICIN TEMPRANA ANTECEDENTES:El microambiente inmunológico del tumor es distinto entre el cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y el de aparición tardía, lo que facilita la progresión de dicho tumor. Anteriormente identificamos varios genes, incluidos el factor D-Complementario, con una mayor expresión en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana.OBJETIVO:El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el evaluar y validar la expresión diferenciada de genes inmunes en casos de cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y tardía. También nos propusimos evaluar los fármacos conocidos dirigidos sobre los genes aumentados en el cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana en modelos pre-clínicos en ratones.DISEÑO:Estudio de cohortes con análisis retrospectivo utilizando el ARN tumoral procedente de cultivos celulares fijados con formalina e incluidos en parafina, y el analisis por inmunohistoquímica para validar la expresión y la función genética. Se realizó el estudio pre-clínico de los tumores in vivo para evaluar la eficacia de los fármacos.AJUSTES:Se consultó el Registro de Oregon de casos de Cáncer Colorrectal para encontrar los pacientes afectados.SUJETOS:67 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana y 54 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición tardía.INTERVENCIONES (SI LAS HUBIESE):Los modelos animales pre-clínicos que utilizaron la línea celular de cáncer de colon HCT-116 se trataron con el inhibidor del factor D-Complementario o Danicopan y con el inhibidor de BCL-2 o Venetoclax, ambos con control del transportador.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se evaluaron las firmas de ARN elevadas utilizando los datos del NanoString a partir de la cohorte retrospectiva. Al inhibir estos marcadores del modelo pre-clínico en los ratones, el volumen y el peso del tumor fueron las principales medidas de resultado.RESULTADOS:Después de actualizar el tamaño de nuestra muestra a partir de datos publicados con anterioridad, encontramos que el factor D-Complementario y BCL-2, genes con función conocida e inhibidores de moléculas pequeñas, se encuentran elevados en aquellos pacientes con cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana. Al inhibir estos marcadores con los medicamentos Danicopan y Venetoclax en el modelo de ratones vivos, encontramos que la combinación de estos dos farmacos disminuyó la carga tumoral pero también produjo toxicidad.LIMITACIONES:Estudio limitado por un tamaño de muestra pequeño y el modelo de tumor subcutáneo.CONCLUSIONES:La inhibición combinada de genes asociados de aparición temprana, el factor D-Complementario y el BCL-2, enlentecen el crecimiento del cáncer colorrectal de aparición temprana del modelo preclínico en ratones. (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrose Rahman
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Arthur G Affleck
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Rebecca A Ruhl
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ranish K Patel
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Lina Gao
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brian T Brinkerhoff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Sudarshan Anand
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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5
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Han SH, Mo JS, Yun KJ, Chae SC. MicroRNA 429 regulates MMPs expression by modulating TIMP2 expression in colon cancer cells and inflammatory colitis. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:763-774. [PMID: 38733517 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous study, we found that the expression of microRNA 429 (MIR429) was decreased in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis tissues. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction of MIR429 with TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2), one of its candidate target genes, in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and DSS-induced mouse colitis tissues. METHODS A luciferase reporter system was used to confirm the effect of MIR429 on TIMP2 expression. The expression levels of MIR429 and target genes in cells or tissues were evaluated through quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found that the expression level of MIR429 was downregulated in human CRC tissues, and also showed that TIMP2 is a direct target gene of MIR429 in CRC cell lines. Furthermore, MIR429 regulate TIMP2-mediated matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) expression in CRC cells. We also generated cell lines stably expressing MIR429 in CRC cell lines and showed that MIR429 regulates the expression of MMPs by mediating TIMP2 expression. In addition to human CRC tissues, we found that TIMP2 was highly expressed in mouse colitis tissues and human ulcerative colitis (UC) tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the expression of endogenous MIR429 was reduced in human CRC tissues and colitis, leading to upregulation of its target gene TIMP2. The upregulation of TIMP2 by decreased MIR429 expression in CRC tissues and inflamed tissues suggests that it may affect extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling through downregulation of MMPs. Therefore, MIR429 may have therapeutic value for human CRC and colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol-Hee Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Mo
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Yun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Cheon Chae
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea.
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Bresci A, Kobayashi-Kirschvink KJ, Cerullo G, Vanna R, So PTC, Polli D, Kang JW. Label-free morpho-molecular phenotyping of living cancer cells by combined Raman spectroscopy and phase tomography. Commun Biol 2024; 7:785. [PMID: 38951178 PMCID: PMC11217291 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate, rapid and non-invasive cancer cell phenotyping is a pressing concern across the life sciences, as standard immuno-chemical imaging and omics require extended sample manipulation. Here we combine Raman micro-spectroscopy and phase tomography to achieve label-free morpho-molecular profiling of human colon cancer cells, following the adenoma, carcinoma, and metastasis disease progression, in living and unperturbed conditions. We describe how to decode and interpret quantitative chemical and co-registered morphological cell traits from Raman fingerprint spectra and refractive index tomograms. Our multimodal imaging strategy rapidly distinguishes cancer phenotypes, limiting observations to a low number of pristine cells in culture. This synergistic dataset allows us to study independent or correlated information in spectral and tomographic maps, and how it benefits cell type inference. This method is a valuable asset in biomedical research, particularly when biological material is in short supply, and it holds the potential for non-invasive monitoring of cancer progression in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bresci
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Koseki J Kobayashi-Kirschvink
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Renzo Vanna
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Peter T C So
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Dario Polli
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy.
- CNR-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Jeon Woong Kang
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Garcia Delgado L, Derome A, Longpré S, Giroux-Dansereau M, Basbous G, Lavoie C, Saucier C, Denault JB. Spatiotemporal regulation of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET activity by sorting nexins 1/2 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240182. [PMID: 38836326 PMCID: PMC11196213 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative research findings support the idea that endocytic trafficking is crucial in regulating receptor signaling and associated diseases. Specifically, strong evidence points to the involvement of sorting nexins (SNXs), particularly SNX1 and SNX2, in the signaling and trafficking of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) MET in colorectal cancer (CRC). Activation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor MET is a key driver of CRC progression. In the present study, we utilized human HCT116 CRC cells with SNX1 and SNX2 genes knocked out to demonstrate that their absence leads to a delay in MET entering early endosomes. This delay results in increased phosphorylation of both MET and AKT upon HGF stimulation, while ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2) phosphorylation remains unaffected. Despite these changes, HGF-induced cell proliferation, scattering, and migration remain similar between the parental and the SNX1/2 knockout cells. However, in the absence of SNX1 and SNX2, these cells exhibit increased resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. This research underscores the intricate relationship between intracellular trafficking, receptor signaling, and cellular responses and demonstrates for the first time that the modulation of MET trafficking by SNX1 and SNX2 is critical for receptor signaling that may exacerbate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiyen Garcia Delgado
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology
- Pharmacology Institute of Sherbrooke (IPS)
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Amélie Derome
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology
- Pharmacology Institute of Sherbrooke (IPS)
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Samantha Longpré
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology
- Pharmacology Institute of Sherbrooke (IPS)
| | | | - Ghenwa Basbous
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology
- Pharmacology Institute of Sherbrooke (IPS)
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique CHUS
| | - Caroline Saucier
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- Centre de Recherche Clinique CHUS
| | - Jean-Bernard Denault
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology
- Pharmacology Institute of Sherbrooke (IPS)
- Université de Sherbrooke’s Cancer Research Institute (IRCUS), Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
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Vuong LT, Mlodzik M. Wg/Wnt-signaling-induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin is attenuated by a β-catenin peptide through its interference with the IFT-A complex. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114362. [PMID: 38870008 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnt/Wingless (Wg) signaling is critical in development and disease, including cancer. Canonical Wnt signaling is mediated by β-catenin/Armadillo (Arm in Drosophila) transducing signals to the nucleus, with IFT-A/Kinesin 2 complexes promoting nuclear translocation of β-catenin/Arm. Here, we demonstrate that a conserved small N-terminal Arm34-87/β-catenin peptide binds to IFT140, acting as a dominant interference tool to attenuate Wg/Wnt signaling in vivo. Arm34-87 expression antagonizes endogenous Wnt/Wg signaling, resulting in the reduction of its target expression. Arm34-87 inhibits Wg/Wnt signaling by interfering with nuclear translocation of endogenous Arm/β-catenin, and this can be modulated by levels of wild-type β-catenin or IFT140, with the Arm34-87 effect being enhanced or suppressed. Importantly, this mechanism is conserved in mammals with the equivalent β-catenin24-79 peptide blocking nuclear translocation and pathway activation, including in cancer cells. Our work indicates that Wnt signaling can be regulated by a defined N-terminal β-catenin peptide and thus might serve as an entry point for therapeutic applications to attenuate Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh T Vuong
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marek Mlodzik
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Ghoytasi I, Bavi O, Kaazempur Mofrad MR, Naghdabadi R. An in-silico study on the mechanical behavior of colorectal cancer cell lines in the micropipette aspiration process. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108744. [PMID: 38889631 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer alters the structural integrity and morphology of cells. Consequently, the cell function is overshadowed. In this study, the micropipette aspiration process is computationally modeled to predict the mechanical behavior of the colorectal cancer cells. The intended cancer cells are modeled as an incompressible Neo-Hookean visco-hyperelastic material. Also, the micropipette is assumed to be rigid with no deformation. The proposed model is validated with an in-vitro study. To capture the equilibrium and time-dependent behaviors of cells, ramp, and creep tests are respectively performed using the finite element method. Through the simulations, the effects of the micropipette geometry and the aspiration pressure on the colorectal cancer cell lines are investigated. Our findings indicate that, as the inner radius of the micropipette increases, despite the increase in deformation rate and aspirated length, the time to reach the equilibrium state increases. Nevertheless, it is obvious that increasing the tip curvature radius has a small effect on the change of the aspirated length. But, due to the decrease in the stress concentration, it drastically reduces the equilibrium time and increases the deformation rate significantly. Interestingly, our results demonstrate that increasing the aspiration pressure somehow causes the cell stiffening, thereby reducing the upward trend of deformation rate, equilibrium time, and aspirated length. Our findings provide valuable insights for researchers in cell therapy and cancer treatment and can aid in developing more precise microfluidic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ghoytasi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 89694-14588, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Bavi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Kaazempur Mofrad
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Reza Naghdabadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 89694-14588, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, 89694-14588, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Brown JW, Lin X, Nicolazzi GA, Nguyen T, Radyk MD, Burclaff J, Mills JC. Cathartocytosis: How Cells Jettison Unwanted Material as They Reprogram. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598489. [PMID: 38915707 PMCID: PMC11195262 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Injury can cause differentiated cells to undergo massive reprogramming to become proliferative to repair tissue via a cellular program called paligenosis. Gastric digestive-enzyme-secreting chief cells use paligenosis to reprogram into progenitor-like Spasmolytic-Polypeptide Expressing Metaplasia (SPEM) cells. Stage 1 of paligenosis is to downscale mature cell architecture via a process involving lysosomes. Here, we noticed that sulfated glycoproteins (which are metaplasia and cancer markers in mice and humans) were not digested during paligenosis but excreted into the gland lumen. Various genetic and pharmacological approaches showed that endoplasmic reticulum membranes and secretory granule cargo were also excreted and that the process proceeded in parallel with, but was independent lysosomal activity. 3-dimensional light and electron-microscopy demonstrated that excretion occurred via unique, complex, multi-chambered invaginations of the apical plasma membrane. As this lysosome-independent cell cleansing process does not seem to have been priorly described, we termed it "cathartocytosis". Cathartocytosis allows a cell to rapidly eject excess material (likely in times of extreme stress such as are induced by paligenosis) without waiting for autophagic and lysosomal digestion. We speculate the ejection of sulfated glycoproteins (likely mucins) would aid in downscaling and might also help bind and flush pathogens (like H pylori which causes SPEM) away from tissue.
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11
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Mason JD, Marks E, Fan S, McCormick K, Wilson C, Harris AL, Hamdy FC, Cunningham C, Goberdhan DCI. Stress-induced Rab11a-exosomes induce amphiregulin-mediated cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12465. [PMID: 38887984 PMCID: PMC11184284 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted vesicles made intracellularly in the endosomal system. We have previously shown that exosomes are not only made in late endosomes, but also in recycling endosomes marked by the monomeric G-protein Rab11a. These vesicles, termed Rab11a-exosomes, are preferentially secreted under nutrient stress from several cancer cell types, including HCT116 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. HCT116 Rab11a-exosomes have particularly potent signalling activities, some mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand, amphiregulin (AREG). Mutant activating forms of KRAS, a downstream target of EGFR, are often found in advanced CRC. When absent, monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab, which target the EGFR and block the effects of EGFR ligands, such as AREG, can be administered. Patients, however, inevitably develop resistance to cetuximab, either by acquiring KRAS mutations or via non-genetic microenvironmental changes. Here we show that nutrient stress in several CRC cell lines causes the release of AREG-carrying Rab11a-exosomes. We demonstrate that while soluble AREG has no effect, much lower levels of AREG bound to Rab11a-exosomes from cetuximab-resistant KRAS-mutant HCT116 cells, can suppress the effects of cetuximab on KRAS-wild type Caco-2 CRC cells. Using neutralising anti-AREG antibodies and an intracellular EGFR kinase inhibitor, we show that this effect is mediated via AREG activation of EGFR, and not transfer of activated KRAS. Therefore, presentation of AREG on Rab11a-exosomes affects its ability to compete with cetuximab. We propose that this Rab11a-exosome-mediated mechanism contributes to the establishment of resistance in cetuximab-sensitive cells and may explain why in cetuximab-resistant tumours only some cells carry mutant KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Mason
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ewan Marks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Shih‐Jung Fan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Life SciencesNational Central UniversityTaoyuan CityTaiwan
| | - Kristie McCormick
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Clive Wilson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Freddie C. Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Chris Cunningham
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
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12
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Suwakulsiri W, Xu R, Rai A, Chen M, Shafiq A, Greening DW, Simpson RJ. Transcriptomic analysis and fusion gene identifications of midbody remnants released from colorectal cancer cells reveals they are molecularly distinct from exosomes and microparticles. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300058. [PMID: 38470197 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that human primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colorectal (CRC) cells release three classes of membrane-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs); midbody remnants (MBRs), exosomes (Exos), and microparticles (MPs). We reported that MBRs were molecularly distinct at the protein level. To gain further biochemical insights into MBRs, Exos, and MPs and their emerging role in CRC, we performed, and report here, for the first time, a comprehensive transcriptome and long noncoding RNA sequencing analysis and fusion gene identification of these three EV classes using the next-generation RNA sequencing technique. Differential transcript expression analysis revealed that MBRs have a distinct transcriptomic profile compared to Exos and MPs with a high enrichment of mitochondrial transcripts lncRNA/pseudogene transcripts that are predicted to bind to ribonucleoprotein complexes, spliceosome, and RNA/stress granule proteins. A salient finding from this study is a high enrichment of several fusion genes in MBRs compared to Exos, MPs, and cell lysates from their parental cells such as MSH2 (gene encoded DNA mismatch repair protein MSH2). This suggests potential EV-liquid biopsy targets for cancer detection. Importantly, the expression of cancer progression-related transcripts found in EV classes derived from SW480 (EGFR) and SW620 (MET and MACCA1) cell lines reflects their parental cell types. Our study is the report of RNA and fusion gene compositions within MBRs (including Exos and MPs) that could have an impact on EV functionality in cancer progression and detection using EV-based RNA/ fusion gene candidates for cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australia Centre for Blood Diseases, Centre Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Adnan Shafiq
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David W Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Wang D, Madunić K, Mayboroda OA, Lageveen-Kammeijer GSM, Wuhrer M. (Sialyl)Lewis Antigen Expression on Glycosphingolipids, N-, and O-Glycans in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines is Linked to a Colon-Like Differentiation Program. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100776. [PMID: 38670309 PMCID: PMC11128521 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the glycomic profile are a hallmark of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). While, the glycosylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids has been widely studied for CRC cell lines and tissues, a comprehensive overview of CRC glycomics is still lacking due to the usage of different samples and analytical methods. In this study, we compared glycosylation features of N-, O-glycans, and glycosphingolipid glycans for a set of 22 CRC cell lines, all measured by porous graphitized carbon nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. An overall, high abundance of (sialyl)Lewis antigens for colon-like cell lines was found, while undifferentiated cell lines showed high expression of H blood group antigens and α2-3/6 sialylation. Moreover, significant associations of glycosylation features were found between the three classes of glycans, such as (sialyl)Lewis and H blood group antigens. Integration of the datasets with transcriptomics data revealed positive correlations between (sialyl)Lewis antigens, the corresponding glycosyltransferase FUT3 and transcription factors CDX1, ETS, HNF1/4A, MECOM, and MYB. This indicates a possible role of these transcription factors in the upregulation of (sialyl)Lewis antigens, particularly on glycosphingolipid glycans, via FUT3/4 expression in colon-like cell lines. In conclusion, our study provides insights into the possible regulation of glycans in CRC and can serve as a guide for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katarina Madunić
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oleg A Mayboroda
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Guinevere S M Lageveen-Kammeijer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Division of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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14
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Xiang Y, Mata-Garrido J, Fu Y, Desterke C, Batsché E, Hamaï A, Sedlik C, Sereme Y, Skurnik D, Jalil A, Onifarasoaniaina R, Frapy E, Beche JC, Alao R, Piaggio E, Arbibe L, Chang Y. CBX3 antagonizes IFNγ/STAT1/PD-L1 axis to modulate colon inflammation and CRC chemosensitivity. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:1404-1426. [PMID: 38684864 PMCID: PMC11178889 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As an important immune stimulator and modulator, IFNγ is crucial for gut homeostasis and its dysregulation links to diverse colon pathologies, such as colitis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we demonstrated that the epigenetic regulator, CBX3 (also known as HP1γ) antagonizes IFNγ signaling in the colon epithelium by transcriptionally repressing two critical IFNγ-responsive genes: STAT1 and CD274 (encoding Programmed death-ligand 1, PD-L1). Accordingly, CBX3 deletion resulted in chronic mouse colon inflammation, accompanied by upregulated STAT1 and CD274 expressions. Chromatin immunoprecipitation indicated that CBX3 tethers to STAT1 and CD274 promoters to inhibit their expression. Reversely, IFNγ significantly reduces CBX3 binding to these promoters and primes gene expression. This antagonist effect between CBX3 and IFNγ on STAT1/PD-L1 expression was also observed in CRC. Strikingly, CBX3 deletion heightened CRC cells sensitivity to IFNγ, which ultimately enhanced their chemosensitivity under IFNγ stimulation in vitro with CRC cells and in vivo with a syngeneic mouse tumor model. Overall, this work reveals that by negatively tuning IFNγ-stimulated immune genes' transcription, CBX3 participates in modulating colon inflammatory response and CRC chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiang
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jorge Mata-Garrido
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Yuanji Fu
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Laboratory of Modèles de cellules souches malignes et thérapeutiques, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Eric Batsché
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR8256 Biological Adaptation and Aging (IBPS), Laboratory of Epigenetics and RNA Metabolism in Human Diseases, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Hamaï
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Christine Sedlik
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Translational Research, Inserm U932, Laboratory of Immunity and Cancer, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Youssouf Sereme
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - David Skurnik
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
- Service de Bactériologie, virologie, parasitologie et hygiène, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Abdelali Jalil
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, SPPIN - Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, F-75006, Paris, France
| | | | - Eric Frapy
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Beche
- Laboratory of Expérimentation Animale et Transgénèse SFR Necker-Inserm US 24, Paris, France
| | - Razack Alao
- Laboratory of Expérimentation Animale et Transgénèse SFR Necker-Inserm US 24, Paris, France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Translational Research, Inserm U932, Laboratory of Immunity and Cancer, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Arbibe
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Yunhua Chang
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.
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15
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Nguyen NT, Sennoune SR, Dharmalingam-Nandagopal G, Sivaprakasam S, Bhutia YD, Ganapathy V. Impact of Oncogenic Changes in p53 and KRAS on Macropinocytosis and Ferroptosis in Colon Cancer Cells and Anticancer Efficacy of Niclosamide with Differential Effects on These Two Processes. Cells 2024; 13:951. [PMID: 38891084 PMCID: PMC11171492 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in p53 and KRAS are seen in most cases of colon cancer. The impact of these mutations on signaling pathways related to cancer growth has been studied in depth, but relatively less is known on their effects on amino acid transporters in cancer cells. This represents a significant knowledge gap because amino acid nutrition in cancer cells profoundly influences macropinocytosis and ferroptosis, two processes with opposing effects on tumor growth. Here, we used isogenic colon cancer cell lines to investigate the effects of p53 deletion and KRAS activation on two amino acid transporters relevant to macropinocytosis (SLC38A5) and ferroptosis (SLC7A11). Our studies show that the predominant effect of p53 deletion is to induce SLC7A11 with the resultant potentiation of antioxidant machinery and protection of cancer cells from ferroptosis, whereas KRAS activation induces not only SLC7A11 but also SLC38A5, thus offering protection from ferroptosis as well as improving amino acid nutrition in cancer cells via accelerated macropinocytosis. Niclosamide, an FDA-approved anti-helminthic, blocks the functions of SLC7A11 and SLC38A5, thus inducing ferroptosis and suppressing macropinocytosis, with the resultant effective reversal of tumor-promoting actions of oncogenic changes in p53 and KRAS. These findings underscore the potential of this drug in colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vadivel Ganapathy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (N.T.N.); (S.R.S.); (G.D.-N.); (S.S.); (Y.D.B.)
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16
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Daulagala AC, Cetin M, Nair-Menon J, Jimenez DW, Bridges MC, Bradshaw AD, Sahin O, Kourtidis A. The epithelial adherens junction component PLEKHA7 regulates ECM remodeling and cell behavior through miRNA-mediated regulation of MMP1 and LOX. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596237. [PMID: 38853930 PMCID: PMC11160653 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial adherens junctions (AJs) are cell-cell adhesion complexes that are influenced by tissue mechanics, such as those emanating from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we introduce a mechanism whereby epithelial AJs can also regulate the ECM. We show that the AJ component PLEKHA7 regulates levels and activity of the key ECM remodeling components MMP1 and LOX in well-differentiated colon epithelial cells, through the miR-24 and miR-30c miRNAs. PLEKHA7 depletion in epithelial cells results in LOX-dependent ECM remodeling in culture and in the colonic mucosal lamina propria in mice. Furthermore, PLEKHA7-depleted cells exhibit increased migration and invasion rates that are MMP1- and LOX- dependent, and form colonies in 3D cultures that are larger in size and acquire aberrant morphologies in stiffer matrices. These results reveal an AJ-mediated mechanism, through which epithelial cells drive ECM remodeling to modulate their behavior, including acquisition of phenotypes that are hallmarks of conditions such as fibrosis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Daulagala
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Metin Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Joyce Nair-Menon
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Douglas W. Jimenez
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Mary Catherine Bridges
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Department of Medicine, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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17
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Gonçalves J, Pinto S, Carmo F, Silva C, Andrade N, Martel F. Additive Cytotoxic and Colony-Formation Inhibitory Effects of Aspirin and Metformin on PI3KCA-Mutant Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5381. [PMID: 38791419 PMCID: PMC11121714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human malignancies are one of the major health-related issues throughout the world and are anticipated to rise in the future. Despite huge investments made in anticancer drug development, limited success has been obtained and the average number of FDA approvals per year is declining. So, an increasing interest in drug repurposing exists. Metformin (MET) and aspirin (ASP) possess anticancer properties. This work aims to test the effect of these two drugs in combination on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro. The effects of MET and/or ASP on cell proliferation, viability, migratory ability, anchorage-independent growth ability (colony formation), and nutrient uptake were determined in two (HT-29 and Caco-2) human CRC cell lines. Individually, MET and ASP possessed antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and antimigratory effects and reduced colony formation in HT-29 cells (BRAF- and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PI3KCA)-mutant), although MET did not affect either 3H-deoxy-D-glucose or 14C-butyrate uptake and lactate production, and ASP caused only a small decrease in 14C-butyrate uptake. Moreover, in these cells, the combination of MET and ASP resulted in a tendency to an increase in the cytotoxic effect and in a potentiation of the inhibitory effect on colony formation, although no additive antiproliferative and antimigratory effects, and no effect on nutrient uptake and lactate production were observed. In contrast, MET and ASP, both individually and in combination, were almost devoid of effects on Caco-2 cells (BRAF- and PI3KCA-wild type). We suggest that inhibition of PI3K is the common mechanism involved in the anti-CRC effect of both MET, ASP and their combination and, therefore, that the combination of MET + ASP may especially benefit PI3KCA-mutant CRC cases, which currently have a poor prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gonçalves
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (S.P.); (F.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Sara Pinto
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (S.P.); (F.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Francisca Carmo
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (S.P.); (F.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Cláudia Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Nelson Andrade
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (S.P.); (F.C.); (N.A.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal;
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (S.P.); (F.C.); (N.A.)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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18
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Sharma MP, Shukla S, Misra G. Recent advances in breast cancer cell line research. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1683-1693. [PMID: 38230499 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a formidable global health challenge, needs continuous translational research to understand the complexity of mechanisms and improve therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Breast cancer cell lines are of paramount importance as they significantly contribute to the initial stage of research to understand cancer biology. This review provides insights into targeted therapies and immunotherapies that have emerged using in vitro models and microbiome analysis. It focuses on therapeutic development using cell lines and the limitations of tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment. We explore the evolving landscape of breast cancer cell lines from two-dimensional (2-D) cultures to patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models advancing both fundamental and translational research. Patient-derived xenografts, cell line-derived xenografts (CDX), three-dimensional (3-D) cultures, organoids, and circulating tumor cells (CTC) models provide promising alternatives that capture the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment. This review bridges the gap between traditional cell lines and newer developments exploring the therapeutic and diagnostic advancements and needs for cell lines to expedite the progress in breast cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manika P Sharma
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Supriya Shukla
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Gauri Misra
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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19
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Lange S, Kuntze A, Wüstmann N, Reckers T, Humberg V, Dirks WG, Huss S, Vieler J, Schrader AJ, Bögemann M, Schlack K, Bernemann C. Establishment of primary prostate epithelial and tumorigenic cell lines using a non-viral immortalization approach. Biol Res 2024; 57:21. [PMID: 38704600 PMCID: PMC11069155 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on prostate cancer is mostly performed using cell lines derived from metastatic disease, not reflecting stages of tumor initiation or early progression. Establishment of cancer cell lines derived from the primary tumor site has not been described so far. By definition, cancer cells are able to be cultured indefinitely, whereas normal epithelial cells undergo senescence in vitro. Epithelial cells can be immortalized, accomplished by using viral integration of immortalization factors. Viral approaches, however, might be impaired by regulatory and safety issues as well as random integration into regulatory genetic elements, modifying precise gene expression. We intend to use surgical specimen of prostate cancer patients to (i) prove for establishment of cancer cell lines, and (ii) perform non-viral, Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposase-based immortalization of prostate epithelial cells. METHODS Radical prostatectomy samples of prostate cancer patients (n = 4) were dissociated and cultured in vitro. Cells were cultivated either without or after non-viral, Sleeping-Beauty transposase-based stable transfection with immortalization factors SV40LT and hTERT. Established cell lines were analyzed in vitro and in vivo for characteristics of prostate (cancer) cells. RESULTS Initial cell cultures without genetic manipulation underwent senescence within ≤ 15 passages, demonstrating inability to successfully derive primary prostate cancer cell lines. By using SB transposase-based integration of immortalization factors, we were able to establish primary prostate cell lines. Three out of four cell lines displayed epithelial characteristics, however without expression of prostate (cancer) characteristics, e.g., androgen receptor. In vivo, one cell line exhibited tumorigenic potential, yet characteristics of prostate adenocarcinoma were absent. CONCLUSION Whereas no primary prostate cancer cell line could be established, we provide for the first-time immortalization of primary prostate cells using the SB transposase system, thereby preventing regulatory and molecular issues based on viral immortalization approaches. Although, none of the newly derived cell lines demonstrated prostate cancer characteristics, tumor formation was observed in one cell line. Given the non-prostate adenocarcinoma properties of the tumor, cells have presumably undergone oncogenic transformation rather than prostate cancer differentiation. Still, these cell lines might be used as a tool for research on prostate cancer initiation and early cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lange
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anna Kuntze
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Neele Wüstmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Theresa Reckers
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Verena Humberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, GmbH), Braun-Schweig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Huss
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Julia Vieler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Martin Bögemann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Katrin Schlack
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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20
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Basir NH, Ramle AQ, Ng MP, Tan CH, Tiekink ERT, Sim KS, Basirun WJ, Khairuddean M. Discovery of indoleninyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines as potent chemotherapeutic agents against colorectal cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107256. [PMID: 38460334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
A new series of indolenines decorated with pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines were designed and synthesized in up to 96% yield from the acid-catalyzed cyclocondensation of 1,3-dialdehydes with 3-aminopyrazoles. X-ray crystallography on a representative derivative, 5n, revealed two close to planar conformations whereby the N-atom of the pyridyl residue was syn or anti to the pyrrole-N atom in the two independent molecules of the asymmetric unit. The computational and DNA binding data suggest that 5n is a strong DNA intercalator with the results in agreement with its potent cytotoxicity against two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT 116 and HT-29). In contrast to doxorubicin, compounds 5k-o have higher druggability (compliance to more criteria stated in Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's rule), higher bioavailability, and better medicinal chemistry properties, indicative of their potential application as chemotherapeutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Husnaini Basir
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Qaiyum Ramle
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Min Phin Ng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chun Hoe Tan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Kae Shin Sim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Jefrey Basirun
- Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Melati Khairuddean
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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21
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Abolghasemi Fard A, Mahmoodzadeh A. Unraveling the Progression of Colon Cancer Pathogenesis Through Epigenetic Alterations and Genetic Pathways. Cureus 2024; 16:e59503. [PMID: 38826873 PMCID: PMC11143495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In the modern age, colon cancer has attained a widespread status, affecting a considerable number of people. It develops due to the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. While genetic mutations have been extensively studied in the context of colon cancer, emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of epigenetic alterations in its pathogenesis. These alterations ultimately result in the transformation of normal colonic epithelium into colon adenocarcinoma. Key mechanisms of epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification, and nucleosome positioning. Research findings have linked these modifications to the development, progression, or metastasis of tumors. Through the assessment of the colon cancer epigenome, it has been discovered that practically all colorectal cancers (CRCs) display gene methylation abnormalities and changes in miRNA expression. Advancements in this area indicate that epigenetic modifications will likely be commonly used in the near future to direct the prevention and treatment of CRC. The maintenance of genome stability is essential for preserving cellular integrity. The development of CRC is primarily influenced by the loss of genomic stability, which allows for the emergence of new mutations contributing to tumor characteristics. Although genetic mutations have been extensively researched in the realm of colon cancer, recent evidence underscores the pivotal role of epigenetic changes in its pathogenesis. The following types of genomic instability will be discussed: chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, CpG island methylation phenotype, and aberrant DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asal Abolghasemi Fard
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Modern Science and Technologies, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRN
| | - Afshin Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRN
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22
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Olaizola-Rodrigo C, Castro-Abril H, Perisé-Badía I, Pancorbo L, Ochoa I, Monge R, Oliván S. Reducing Inert Materials for Optimal Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions within Microphysiological Systems. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:262. [PMID: 38786472 PMCID: PMC11118140 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9050262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of achieving a more realistic in vitro simulation of human biological tissues, microfluidics has emerged as a promising technology. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices, a product of this technology, contain miniature tissues within microfluidic chips, aiming to closely mimic the in vivo environment. However, a notable drawback is the presence of inert material between compartments, hindering complete contact between biological tissues. Current membranes, often made of PDMS or plastic materials, prevent full interaction between cell types and nutrients. Furthermore, their non-physiological mechanical properties and composition may induce unexpected cell responses. Therefore, it is essential to minimize the contact area between cells and the inert materials while simultaneously maximizing the direct contact between cells and matrices in different compartments. The main objective of this work is to minimize inert materials within the microfluidic chip while preserving proper cellular distribution. Two microfluidic devices were designed, each with a specific focus on maximizing direct cell-matrix or cell-cell interactions. The first chip, designed to increase direct cell-cell interactions, incorporates a nylon mesh with regular pores of 150 microns. The second chip minimizes interference from inert materials, thereby aiming to increase direct cell-matrix contact. It features an inert membrane with optimized macropores of 1 mm of diameter for collagen hydrogel deposition. Biological validation of both devices has been conducted through the implementation of cell migration and cell-to-cell interaction assays, as well as the development of epithelia, from isolated cells or spheroids. This endeavor contributes to the advancement of microfluidic technology, aimed at enhancing the precision and biological relevance of in vitro simulations in pursuit of more biomimetic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Olaizola-Rodrigo
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (C.O.-R.); (H.C.-A.); (I.P.-B.); (S.O.)
- BEOnChip S.L., 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Héctor Castro-Abril
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (C.O.-R.); (H.C.-A.); (I.P.-B.); (S.O.)
- Laboratorio de Biomiméticos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Ismael Perisé-Badía
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (C.O.-R.); (H.C.-A.); (I.P.-B.); (S.O.)
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lara Pancorbo
- BEOnChip S.L., 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (C.O.-R.); (H.C.-A.); (I.P.-B.); (S.O.)
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Monge
- BEOnChip S.L., 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Sara Oliván
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (C.O.-R.); (H.C.-A.); (I.P.-B.); (S.O.)
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Pedace L, Pizzi S, Abballe L, Vinci M, Antonacci C, Patrizi S, Nardini C, Del Bufalo F, Rossi S, Pericoli G, Gianno F, Besharat ZM, Tiberi L, Mastronuzzi A, Ferretti E, Tartaglia M, Locatelli F, Ciolfi A, Miele E. Evaluating cell culture reliability in pediatric brain tumor primary cells through DNA methylation profiling. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:92. [PMID: 38637626 PMCID: PMC11026496 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In vitro models of pediatric brain tumors (pBT) are instrumental for better understanding the mechanisms contributing to oncogenesis and testing new therapies; thus, ideally, they should recapitulate the original tumor. We applied DNA methylation (DNAm) and copy number variation (CNV) profiling to characterize 241 pBT samples, including 155 tumors and 86 pBT-derived cell cultures, considering serum vs serum-free conditions, late vs early passages, and dimensionality (2D vs 3D cultures). We performed a t-SNE classification and identified differentially methylated regions in tumors compared to cell models. Early cell cultures recapitulate the original tumor, but serum media and 2D culturing were demonstrated to significantly contribute to the divergence of DNAm profiles from the parental ones. All divergent cells clustered together acquiring a common deregulated epigenetic signature suggesting a shared selective pressure. We identified a set of hypomethylated genes shared among unfaithful cells converging on response to growth factors and migration pathways, such as signaling cascade activation, tissue organization, and cellular migration. In conclusion, DNAm and CNV are informative tools that should be used to assess the recapitulation of pBT-cells from parental tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pedace
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Abballe
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Celeste Antonacci
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Patrizi
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Nardini
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Bufalo
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pericoli
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianno
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomic Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Tiberi
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Cancer, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Evelina Miele
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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24
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Martins F, Machado AL, Ribeiro A, Oliveira SM, Carvalho J, Matthiesen R, Backman V, Velho S. KRAS silencing alters chromatin physical organization and transcriptional activity in colorectal cancer cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3752760. [PMID: 38410476 PMCID: PMC10896403 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3752760/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Clinical data revealed that KRAS mutant tumors, while initially sensitive to treatment, rapidly bypass KRAS dependence to acquire a drug-tolerant phenotype. However, the mechanisms underlying the transition from a drug-sensitive to a drug-tolerant state still elude us. Here, we show that global chromatin reorganization is a recurrent and specific feature of KRAS-dependent cells that tolerated KRAS silencing. We show that KRAS-dependent cells undergo G0/G1 cell cycle arrest after KRAS silencing, presenting a transcriptomic signature of quiescence. Proteomic analysis showed upregulated chromatin-associated proteins and transcription-associated biological processes. Accordingly, these cells shifted euchromatin/heterochromatin states, gained topologically associating domains, and altered the nanoscale physical organization of chromatin, more precisely by downregulating chromatin packing domains, a feature associated with the induction of quiescence. In addition, they also accumulated transcriptional alterations over time leading to a diversification of biological processes, linking chromatin alterations to transcriptional performance. Overall, our observations pinpoint a novel molecular mechanism of tolerance to KRAS oncogenic loss driven not by specific gene alterations but by global reorganization of genomic information, in which cells transition chromatin domain structure towards a more quiescent state and gain transcriptional reprogramming capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sérgia Velho
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health
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25
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Asal M, Rep M, Bontkes HJ, van Vliet SJ, Mebius RE, Gibbs S. Towards Full Thickness Small Intestinal Models: Incorporation of Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:369-377. [PMID: 38113015 PMCID: PMC10987430 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since small intestine is one of the major barriers of the human body, there is a need to develop reliable in vitro human small intestinal models. These models should incorporate both the epithelial and lamina propria compartments and have similar barrier properties compared to that of the human tissue. These properties are essential for various applications, such as studying cell-cell interaction, intestinal diseases and testing permeability and metabolism of drugs and other compounds. The small intestinal lamina propria contains multiple stromal cell populations with several important functions, such as secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and soluble mediators. In addition, stromal cells influence the intestinal epithelial barrier, support the intestinal stem cell niche and interact with immune cells. METHODS In this review, we provide an extensive overview on the different types of lamina propria stromal cells found in small intestine and describe a combination of molecular markers that can be used to distinguish each different stromal cell type. We focus on studies that incorporated stromal cells into human representative small intestine models cultured on transwells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION These models display enhanced epithelial morphology, increased cell proliferation and human-like barrier properties, such as low transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and intermediate permeability, thus better mimicking the native human small intestine than models only consisting of an epithelium which generally show high TEER and low permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Asal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mila Rep
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty J Bontkes
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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Finnegan E, Ding W, Ude Z, Terer S, McGivern T, Blümel AM, Kirwan G, Shao X, Genua F, Yin X, Kel A, Fattah S, Myer PA, Cryan SA, Prehn JHM, O'Connor DP, Brennan L, Yochum G, Marmion CJ, Das S. Complexation of histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat to Cu(II) prevents premature metabolic inactivation in vitro and demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and ex vivo in colon cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:533-553. [PMID: 37934338 PMCID: PMC11090832 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), belinostat, has had limited therapeutic impact in solid tumors, such as colon cancer, due to its poor metabolic stability. Here we evaluated a novel belinostat prodrug, copper-bis-belinostat (Cubisbel), in vitro and ex vivo, designed to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges of belinostat. METHODS The in vitro metabolism of each HDACi was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using mass spectrometry. Next, the effect of belinostat and Cubisbel on cell growth, HDAC activity, apoptosis and cell cycle was assessed in three colon cancer cell lines. Gene expression alterations induced by both HDACis were determined using RNA-Seq, followed by in silico analysis to identify master regulators (MRs) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The effect of both HDACis on the viability of colon cancer patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) was also examined. RESULTS Belinostat and Cubisbel significantly reduced colon cancer cell growth mediated through HDAC inhibition and apoptosis induction. Interestingly, the in vitro half-life of Cubisbel was significantly longer than belinostat. Belinostat and its Cu derivative commonly dysregulated numerous signalling and metabolic pathways while genes downregulated by Cubisbel were potentially controlled by VEGFA, ERBB2 and DUSP2 MRs. Treatment of colon cancer PDTOs with the HDACis resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability and downregulation of stem cell and proliferation markers. CONCLUSIONS Complexation of belinostat to Cu(II) does not alter the HDAC activity of belinostat, but instead significantly enhances its metabolic stability in vitro and targets anti-cancer pathways by perturbing key MRs in colon cancer. Complexation of HDACis to a metal ion might improve the efficacy of clinically used HDACis in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Finnegan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Ziga Ude
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Terer
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tadhg McGivern
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna M Blümel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne Kirwan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xinxin Shao
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Flavia Genua
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander Kel
- GeneXplain GmbH, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
- BIOSOFT.RU, LLC, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sarinj Fattah
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Parvathi A Myer
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darran P O'Connor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory Yochum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sudipto Das
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
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27
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Chanu KD, Thoithoisana S, Kar A, Mukherjee PK, Radhakrishnanand P, Parmar K, Sharma N. Phytochemically analysed extract of Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) R.M.King & H. Rob. initiates caspase 3-dependant apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell: A synergistic approach with chemotherapeutic drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117591. [PMID: 38104872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) R.M.King & H.Rob. has been used as traditional indigenous medicine all across the globe for its diverse therapeutic applications such as anticancer, analgesic, antipyretic, thermogenic, antiseptic, antimicrobial as well as astringent. The various ethnic groups of India use plant parts to treat cuts and wounds, venomous insect bites, skin lesions, blisters, scabies and other skin irritations, gastritis and indigestion problems, cough, stomach ache and dysentery. The Portuguese traditionally extract the juice from the plant and use it for cancer, diabetes, liver disorder, gallbladder and stomach ailments. Nigerian healers use different parts of the plant to treat diabetes, fever and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic potential of A. adenophora hydroalcoholic leaves extract (AHL) on Colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HCT-116, HCT-15 and HT-29), synergistic potential with chemotherapeutic drugs 5FU and Cisplatin as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, based on the sample collected from Mao district of Manipur, India. Identification of bioactive phytocompounds in AHL was also performed by HRLCMS. METHODS The AHL was evaluated for its cytotoxic as well as antiproliferative activities by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic and cell migration assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were quantified by Folin-ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride assays respectively. Caspase 3 activation was evaluated using Caspase-3 Assay Kit. Apoptosis detection by flow cytometry was carried out using annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. The apoptotic cells were also visualized by Giemsa and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The intracellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was also evaluated using fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein di-acetate (H2DCFDA) in flow cytometry. The combination effects of AHL with chemotherapeutic drugs 5FU and Cisplatin were also evaluated. The identification of phytochemical constituents of AHL were analysed by HR-LCMS. RESULTS The AHL induced cytotoxic activity significantly in HCT-116 with IC50 of 65.65 ± 2.10 μg/mL, but non-cancerous cell HeK-293 was least cytotoxic. Colony formation and cell migration were inhibited in a dose and time dependent manner. The cell morphology upon AHL treatment was significantly altered with apoptotic features. The extract was rich in total phenolic (82.09 ± 0.35mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid (58.31 ± 0.55 mgQAE/g) contents. AHL induced apoptosis as detected by AnnexinV/PI, via activation of caspase 3 and elevated production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS). AHL in combination with 5FU and Cisplatin acts synergistically and potentiates the therapeutic properties of the extract. Sesquiterpenes, phenolic as well as flavonoid derivatives with anticancer properties were detected in AHL by HRLCMS, and these phytoconstituents may be attributed for anticancer property of AHL. CONCLUSION The present study evaluates the effectiveness of AHL against Colorectal cancer cell lines. AHL is cytotoxic and induces apoptosis in HCT-116 cells by caspase 3 activation and increased ROS production that can be attributed to sesquiterpenoids. Thus, the plant A. adenophora has therapeutic potential for Colorectal cancer and can be further exploited for developing anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaidem Devika Chanu
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Soibam Thoithoisana
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India; Department of Zoology, Manipur University (MU), Imphal, 795003, Manipur, India.
| | - Amit Kar
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Pulok Kumar Mukherjee
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - P Radhakrishnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati (NIPER), Assam, 781101, India.
| | - Keyur Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati (NIPER), Assam, 781101, India.
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bio-resources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
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Cheng F, Li P, Xu S, Zhang C, Liang H, Ding Z. A pair of primary colorectal cancer-derived and corresponding synchronous liver metastasis-derived organoid cell lines. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4396-4422. [PMID: 38407980 PMCID: PMC10968669 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Proper preclinical models for the research of colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC liver metastases (CLM) are a clear and unmet need. Patient-derived organoids have recently emerged as a robust preclinical model, but are not available to all scientific researchers. Here, we present paired 3D organoid cell lines of CWH22 (CRC-derived) and CLM22 (CLM-derived) with sound background information and the short tandem repeats are identical to those of the normal tissue. Morphological and immunohistochemical staining, along with whole-exome sequencing (WES), confirmed that the organoids exhibited the same differentiation, molecular expression, and mutation status as the corresponding tumor tissue. Both organoids possessed mutated APC/KRAS/SMAD4/CDKN1B/KMT2C genes and wild-type TP53 and PIK3CA; stably secreted the tumor markers CEA and CA19-9, and possessed sound proliferation rates in vitro, as well as subcutaneous tumorigenicity and liver metastatic abilities in vivo. IC50 assays confirmed that both cell lines were sensitive to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, SN-38, and sotorasib. WES and karyotype analyses revealed the genomic instability status as chromosome instability. The corresponding adherent cultured CWH22-2D/CLM22-2D cells were established and compared with commonly used CRC cell lines from the ATCC. Both organoids are publicly available to all researchers and will be useful tools for specific human CRC/CLM studies both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Cheng
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Sanpeng Xu
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zeyang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
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29
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Dinteren SV, Araya-Cloutier C, Robaczewska E, den Otter M, Witkamp R, Vincken JP, Meijerink J. Switching the polarity of mouse enteroids affects the epithelial interplay with prenylated phenolics from licorice ( Glycyrrhiza) roots. Food Funct 2024; 15:1852-1866. [PMID: 38086658 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The utility of 3D-small intestinal organoid (enteroid) models for evaluating effects of e.g. food (related) compounds is limited due to the apical epithelium facing the interior. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel 3D-apical-out enteroid model for mice, which allows apical exposure. Using this model, we evaluated the effects on the enteroids' intestinal epithelium (including cytotoxicity, cell viability, and biotransformation) after exposure to glabridin, a prenylated secondary metabolite with antimicrobial properties from licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Apical-out enteroids were five times less sensitive to glabridin exposure compared to conventional apical-in enteroids, with obtained cytotoxicities of 1.5 mM and 0.31 mM, respectively. Apical-out enteroids showed a luminal/apical layer of fucose rich mucus, which may contribute to the protection against potential cytotoxicity of glabridin. Furthermore, in apical-in enteroids IC50 values for cytotoxicity were determined for licochalcone A, glycycoumarin, and glabridin, the species-specific prenylated phenolics from the commonly used G. inflata, G. uralensis, and G. glabra, respectively. Both enteroid models differed in their functional phase II biotransformation capacity, where glabridin was transformed to glucuronide- and sulfate-conjugates. Lastly, our results indicate that the prenylated phenolics do not show cytotoxicity in mouse enteroids at previously reported minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against a diverse set of Gram positive bacteria. Altogether, we show that apical-out enteroids provide a better mimic of the gastrointestinal tract compared to conventional enteroids and are consequently a superior model to study effects of food (related) compounds. This work revealed that prenylated phenolics with promising antibacterial activity show no harmful effects in the GI-tract at their MICs and therefore may offer a new perspective to control unwanted microbial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah van Dinteren
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Araya-Cloutier
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edyta Robaczewska
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mellody den Otter
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Renger Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jocelijn Meijerink
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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He Y, Shi Q, Ling Y, Guo H, Fei Y, Wu R, Tang C, Zhang X, Yao L. ABLIM1, a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase, promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer through targeting IĸBα ubiquitination and activating NF-ĸB signaling. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:203-216. [PMID: 38228802 PMCID: PMC10850134 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01256-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Actin-binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1), a member of the LIM-domain protein family, has been reported as a suppressor in several tumors whereas its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. In this study, we find that ABLIM1 is up-regulated in CRC patients and high levels of ABLIM1 predict short disease-free survival time. Knock-down of ABLIM1 in CRC cell lines by lenti-virus leads to inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities in vitro and impaired growth of tumor xenografts and liver metastasis lesions in vivo, while ABLIM1 overexpression accelerates tumor growth and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we uncover that ABLIM1 activates the NF-ĸB/CCL-20 signaling through modulating IĸBα ubiquitination and proteasomal-mediated degradation. Further co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo and in vitro ubiquitination assays reveal ABLIM1 as a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase binding to IĸBα. Interestingly, The E3 ligase catalysis activity of ABLIM1 depends on its 402-778aa rather than its LIM domains and its interaction with IĸBα relies on the HP domain. Our findings delineate the oncogenic role of ABLIM1 in CRC progression and reveal it as a novel E3 ligase targeting IĸBα, providing new insights into the regulation of NF-ĸB signaling in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhang Ling
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Fei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoyu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xilin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Linhua Yao
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
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31
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Zhu M, Yu R, Liu Y, Geng X, Liu Q, Liu S, Zhu Y, Li G, Guo Y, Xi X, Du B. LncRNA H19 Participates in Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Mediated Stemness Promotion in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10627-y. [PMID: 38198021 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) were considered to play important roles in the genesis and development of many tumors. In recent years, it has been observed that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) might be involved in the regulation of stemness in cancer cells. In this study, we observed that LIF could increase the spheroid formation and stemness marker expression (inculding Nanog and SOX2) in CRC cell lines, such as HCT116 and Caco2 cells. Meanwhile, we also observed that LIF could upregulate LncRNA H19 expression via PI3K/AKT pathway. Knockdown of the expression of LncRNA H19 could decrease the spheroid formation and SOX2 expression in LIF-treated HCT116 and Caco2 cells, and thereby LncRNA H19 knockdown could compensate for the stemness enhancement effects induced by LIF. Our results indicated that LncRNA H19 might participate in the stemness promotion of LIF in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
- Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yirui Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Geng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Shuaitong Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yunhe Zhu
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Li
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xueyan Xi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Boyu Du
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, No.30 Renmin Nanlu, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
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32
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Yu Y, Farooq MS, Eberhart Meessen S, Jiang Y, Kato D, Zhan T, Weiss C, Seger R, Kang W, Zhang X, Yu J, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Nuclear pore protein POM121 regulates subcellular localization and transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:7. [PMID: 38177114 PMCID: PMC10766976 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Manipulation of the subcellular localization of transcription factors by preventing their shuttling via the nuclear pore complex (NPC) emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy against cancer. One transmembrane component of the NPC is POM121, encoded by a tandem gene locus POM121A/C on chromosome 7. Overexpression of POM121 is associated with metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes) and unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor with anti-diabetic and anti-tumoral efficacy. It is inhibited by export from the nucleus to the cytosol via the RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, a major oncogenic driver of CRC. We therefore hypothesized that POM121 participates in the transport of PPARγ across the NPC to regulate its transcriptional activity on genes involved in metabolic and tumor control. We found that POM121A/C mRNA was enriched and POM121 protein co-expressed with PPARγ in tissues from CRC patients conferring poor prognosis. Its interactome was predicted to include proteins responsible for tumor metabolism and immunity, and in-silico modeling provided insights into potential 3D structures of POM121. A peptide region downstream of the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) of POM121 was identified as a cytoplasmic interactor of PPARγ. POM121 positivity correlated with the cytoplasmic localization of PPARγ in patients with KRAS mutant CRC. In contrast, POM121A/C silencing by CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA or siRNA enforced nuclear accumulation of PPARγ and activated PPARγ target genes promoting lipid metabolism and cell cycle arrest resulting in reduced proliferation of human CRC cells. Our data suggest the POM121-PPARγ axis as a potential drugable target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiong Yu
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohammad S Farooq
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sabine Eberhart Meessen
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yidan Jiang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dominik Kato
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Institute, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center of Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Rawłuszko-Wieczorek AA, Lipowicz J, Nowacka M, Ostrowska K, Pietras P, Blatkiewicz M, Ruciński M, Jagodziński PP, Nowicki M. Estrogen receptor β affects hypoxia response in colorectal cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166894. [PMID: 37748565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is inversely correlated with estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) presence. Additionally, multiple studies associate low ERβ expression with poorer overall survival of CRC patients. Molecular pathways involved in ERβ - related reduced tumorigenesis include enhanced apoptosis, decreased proliferation, or repression of oncogenes. Moreover, the development of solid tumors, such as CRC, is often associated with an increased tumor mass that results in decreased oxygen partial tension, known as hypoxia, clinically associated with decreased prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Our high-throughput study suggests that ERβ also represses a hypoxic response in CRC cells. We observed a significantly altered transcriptional profile in HCT116 ERβ overexpressing cells that was further stimulated by E2 treatment under hypoxic conditions. The achieved data for downregulation of VEGFA, PDGFA and ANGPTL4 were validated in a time course experiment in DLD-1 cells. In addition, using an ERβ construct with a mutated DNA binding domain we observed that the downregulation of selected genes is dependent on the direct binding of this receptor to regulatory region genes. In addition, we observed that ERβ may affect the expression of the main hypoxia regulator, HIF1A, at the transcriptional and translational levels. In summary, ERβ alters the hypoxic outcome in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Lipowicz
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Marta Nowacka
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Kamila Ostrowska
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poland
| | - Paulina Pietras
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Ruciński
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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El Hindi K, Brachtendorf S, Hartel JC, Renné C, Birod K, Schilling K, Labocha S, Thomas D, Ferreirós N, Hahnefeld L, Dorochow E, Del Turco D, Deller T, Scholich K, Fuhrmann DC, Weigert A, Brüne B, Geisslinger G, Wittig I, Link KH, Grösch S. Hypoxia induced deregulation of sphingolipids in colon cancer is a prognostic marker for patient outcome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166906. [PMID: 37802156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important for the physicochemical properties of cellular membranes and deregulated in tumors. In human colon cancer tissue ceramide synthase (CerS) 4 and CerS5 are reduced which correlates with a reduced survival probability of late-stage colon cancer patients. Both enzymes are reduced after hypoxia in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HCT-116, SW620) but not in non-metastatic CRC cells (SW480, Caco-2). Downregulation of CerS4 or CerS5 in advanced CRC cells enhanced tumor formation in nude mice and organoid growth in vitro. This was accompanied by an enhanced proliferation rate and metabolic changes leading to a shift towards the Warburg effect. In contrast, CerS4 or CerS5 depletion in Caco-2 cells reduced tumor growth in vivo. Lipidomic and proteomic analysis of membrane fractions revealed significant changes in tumor-promoting cellular pathways and cellular transporters. This study identifies CerS4 and CerS5 as prognostic markers for advanced colon cancer patients and provides a comprehensive overview about the associated cellular metabolic changes. We propose that the expression level of CerS4 and CerS5 in colon tumors could serve as a basis for decision-making for personalized treatment of advanced colon cancer patients. Trial registration: The study was accredited by the study board of the Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (Registration No: St-D203, 2017/06/30, retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija El Hindi
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jennifer C Hartel
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Goethe-University Frankfurt, Department of Life Sciences, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Renné
- Institute of Pathology and Cytology, Group Practice Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Birod
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karin Schilling
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandra Labocha
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erika Dorochow
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Domenico Del Turco
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Functional Proteomics, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinrich Link
- Asklepios Tumor Center (ATC) and Surgical Center, Asklepios Paulinen Klinik, Wiesbaden 65197, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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35
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Kurowska N, Madej M, Strzalka-Mrozik B. Thymoquinone: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 46:121-139. [PMID: 38248312 PMCID: PMC10814900 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and is responsible for approximately one million deaths each year. The current standard of care is surgical resection of the lesion and chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, of concern is the increasing incidence in an increasingly younger patient population and the ability of CRC cells to develop resistance to 5-FU. In this review, we discuss the effects of thymoquinone (TQ), one of the main bioactive components of Nigella sativa seeds, on CRC, with a particular focus on the use of TQ in combination therapy with other chemotherapeutic agents. TQ exhibits anti-CRC activity by inducing a proapoptotic effect and inhibiting proliferation, primarily through its effect on the regulation of signaling pathways crucial for tumor progression and oxidative stress. TQ can be used synergistically with chemotherapeutic agents to enhance their anticancer effects and to influence the expression of signaling pathways and other genes important in cancer development. These data appear to be most relevant for co-treatment with 5-FU. We believe that TQ is a suitable candidate for consideration in the chemoprevention and adjuvant therapy for CRC, but further studies, including clinical trials, are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (N.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcel Madej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (N.K.); (M.M.)
- Silesia LabMed, Centre for Research and Implementation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Strzalka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (N.K.); (M.M.)
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36
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Czumaj A, Kobiela J, Mika A, Pappou E, Śledziński T. The Effect of Silencing Fatty Acid Elongase 4 and 6 Genes on the Proliferation and Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17615. [PMID: 38139442 PMCID: PMC10743756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells show some alterations in lipid metabolism, including an increased fatty acid elongation. This study was focused on investigating the effect of a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated decrease in fatty acid elongation on CRC cells' survival and migration. In our study, the elongase 4 (ELOVL4) and elongase 6 (ELOVL6) genes were observed to be highly overexpressed in both the CRC tissue obtained from patients and the CRC cells cultured in vitro (HT-29 and WiDr cell lines). The use of the siRNAs for ELOVL4 and ELOVL6 reduced cancer cell proliferation and migration rates. These findings indicate that the altered elongation process decreased the survival of CRC cells, and in the future, fatty acid elongases can be potentially good targets in novel CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Jarosław Kobiela
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Emmanouil Pappou
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Tomasz Śledziński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
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Han JH, Lee EJ, Park W, Choi JG, Ha KT, Chung HS. Cosmosiin Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression and Inducing ROS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2131. [PMID: 38136250 PMCID: PMC10740471 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, particularly those concerning immune checkpoint inhibitors, have transformed cancer treatment in recent years. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key target for immunotherapy that is overexpressed in the cells of colorectal cancer, a widespread malignant cancer that poses a significant healthcare challenge. This study investigated the effects of cosmosiin treatment on colorectal cancer cell lines. Cosmosiin is a naturally occurring flavone glycoside compound that has potential health benefits, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. This study showed that cosmosiin effectively suppresses the expression of PD-L1 and triggers apoptosis, which is facilitated through pathways that are related to reactive oxygen species. These outcomes suggest that cosmosiin could be a promising candidate for an immune checkpoint inhibitor in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Han
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (W.P.); (K.-T.H.)
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (W.P.); (K.-T.H.)
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, University of Science and Technology (UST), KIOM Campus, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
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38
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Stecoza CE, Nitulescu GM, Draghici C, Caproiu MT, Hanganu A, Olaru OT, Mihai DP, Bostan M, Mihaila M. Synthesis of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives and Their Anticancer Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17476. [PMID: 38139304 PMCID: PMC10743895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiadiazole derivatives have garnered significant attention in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their diverse pharmacological activities, including anticancer properties. This article presents the synthesis of a series of thiadiazole derivatives and investigates their chemical characterization and potential anticancer effects on various cell lines. The results of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed the successful formation of the target compounds. The anticancer potential was evaluated through in silico and in vitro cell-based assays using LoVo and MCF-7 cancer lines. The assays included cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis to assess the compounds' effects on cancer cell growth and survival. Daphnia magna was used as an invertebrate model for the toxicity evaluation of the compounds. The results revealed promising anticancer activity for several of the synthesized derivatives, suggesting their potential as lead compounds for further drug development. The novel compound 2g, 5-[2-(benzenesulfonylmethyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine, demonstrated good anti-proliferative effects, exhibiting an IC50 value of 2.44 µM against LoVo and 23.29 µM against MCF-7 after a 48-h incubation and little toxic effects in the Daphnia test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Elena Stecoza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.); (D.P.M.)
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.); (D.P.M.)
| | - Constantin Draghici
- “Costin D. Neniţescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Splaiul Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania (A.H.)
| | - Miron Teodor Caproiu
- “Costin D. Neniţescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Splaiul Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania (A.H.)
| | - Anamaria Hanganu
- “Costin D. Neniţescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202B Splaiul Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania (A.H.)
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.); (D.P.M.)
| | - Dragos Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.); (D.P.M.)
| | - Marinela Bostan
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, 285 Mihai Bravu Street, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mirela Mihaila
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, 285 Mihai Bravu Street, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.M.)
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Weinstein HN, Hu K, Fish L, Chen YA, Allegakoen P, Hui KSF, Pham JH, Baco MB, Song H, Giacomelli AO, Vazquez F, Ghandi M, Goodarzi H, Huang FW. RPL22 is a tumor suppressor in MSI-high cancers and a key splicing regulator of MDM4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.10.570873. [PMID: 38106152 PMCID: PMC10723389 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.10.570873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors are malignant tumors that, despite harboring a high mutational burden, often have intact TP53. One of the most frequent mutations in MSI-H tumors is a frameshift mutation in RPL22, a ribosomal protein. Here, we identified RPL22 as a modulator of MDM4 splicing through an alternative splicing switch in exon 6. RPL22 loss increases MDM4 exon 6 inclusion, cell proliferation, and augments resistance to the MDM inhibitor Nutlin-3a. RPL22 represses expression of its paralog, RPL22L1, by mediating the splicing of a cryptic exon corresponding to a truncated transcript. Therefore, damaging mutations in RPL22 drive oncogenic MDM4 induction and reveal a common splicing circuit in MSI-H tumors that may inform therapeutic targeting of the MDM4-p53 axis and oncogenic RPL22L1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah N.W. Weinstein
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Kevin Hu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Lisa Fish
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Yih-An Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Paul Allegakoen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Keliana S. F. Hui
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Julia H. Pham
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Hanbing Song
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
| | - Franklin W. Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California; San Francisco, USA
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40
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Slyskova J, Muniesa-Vargas A, da Silva I, Drummond R, Park J, Häckes D, Poetsch I, Ribeiro-Silva C, Moretton A, Heffeter P, Schärer O, Vermeulen W, Lans H, Loizou J. Detection of oxaliplatin- and cisplatin-DNA lesions requires different global genome repair mechanisms that affect their clinical efficacy. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad057. [PMID: 38058548 PMCID: PMC10696645 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin and oxaliplatin depends on the balance between the DNA damage induction and the DNA damage response of tumor cells. Based on clinical evidence, oxaliplatin is administered to cisplatin-unresponsive cancers, but the underlying molecular causes for this tumor specificity are not clear. Hence, stratification of patients based on DNA repair profiling is not sufficiently utilized for treatment selection. Using a combination of genetic, transcriptomics and imaging approaches, we identified factors that promote global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) of DNA-platinum adducts induced by oxaliplatin, but not by cisplatin. We show that oxaliplatin-DNA lesions are a poor substrate for GG-NER initiating factor XPC and that DDB2 and HMGA2 are required for efficient binding of XPC to oxaliplatin lesions and subsequent GG-NER initiation. Loss of DDB2 and HMGA2 therefore leads to hypersensitivity to oxaliplatin but not to cisplatin. As a result, low DDB2 levels in different colon cancer cells are associated with GG-NER deficiency and oxaliplatin hypersensitivity. Finally, we show that colon cancer patients with low DDB2 levels have a better prognosis after oxaliplatin treatment than patients with high DDB2 expression. We therefore propose that DDB2 is a promising predictive marker of oxaliplatin treatment efficiency in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Slyskova
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alba Muniesa-Vargas
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Israel Tojal da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Drummond
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Jiyeong Park
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - David Häckes
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristina Ribeiro-Silva
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amandine Moretton
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hannes Lans
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna I Loizou
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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41
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Koubova K, Cizkova K, Burianova A, Tauber Z. PTEN and soluble epoxide hydrolase in intestinal cell differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130496. [PMID: 37866587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial differentiation is a highly organised process. It is influenced by a variety of signalling pathways and enzymes, such as the PI3K pathway and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) from arachidonic acid metabolism. We investigated the changes in the expression of enzymes and lipid messenger from the PI3K pathway, including PTEN, during intestinal cell differentiation in vitro using HT-29 and Caco2 cells and compared them with immunohistochemical patterns of these proteins in human colon. To investigate the possible crosstalk between the PI3K pathway and sEH, we treated HT-29 and Caco2 cells with the sEH inhibitor TPPU. Administration of TPPU to differentiated cells decreased the expression of PTEN, thus reversing the change in its expression observed during cell differentiation. In addition, multiplex immunofluorescence staining confirmed the relationship between the expression of PTEN and villin, a marker of intestinal cell differentiation, ranging from a moderate correlation in undifferentiated cells to a very strong correlation in differentiated cells treated with TPPU. Furthermore, we confirm that PTEN and sEH mirrored their expression patterns in samples of prenatal and adult human intestine compared to tumours using immunohistochemical staining. Taken together, it appears that PTEN and sEH cooperate in the process of intestinal cell differentiation. A better understanding of the crosstalk between the PI3K pathway and sEH and its consequences for cell differentiation is highly desirable, as several sEH inhibitors are under clinical investigation for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Koubova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Adela Burianova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Tauber
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Schrammel JC, König M, Frommer M, Andersen KS, Kirsten M, Seifert R, Neumann D, Schirmer B. Histamine H 1- and H 4-receptor expression in human colon-derived cell lines. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3683-3693. [PMID: 37300703 PMCID: PMC10643376 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we demonstrated the involvement of H4R in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD-associated colon cancer in mice and could ascribe H4R-mediated histamine function to colon epithelial cells. The transferability of obtained data to humans is however lacking. Functional expression of H4R on colon epithelial cells is a prerequisite to pursue the hypothesis of involvement of H4R in carcinogenesis. Thus, we here compared the expression of histamine receptor subtypes in a series of cell lines. Out of these, three colon-derived cell lines displaying different combinations of H1R and H4R expression were submitted to functional analyses. Human hematopoietic HMC-1, HL-60, and U937, lung-derived A549 and Calu-3, and colorectal LoVo, SW 480, Caco-2, HT-29, and HCT116 cells were included in the study. mRNA expression was quantified by RT-qPCR. For functional analyses, Caco-2, HT-29, and HCT116 cells were treated by incubation with 1 - 10 µM histamine in the presence or absence of selective histamine receptor antagonists. Calcium mobilization, cAMP accumulation, and cell proliferation were measured by fluorimetry, mass spectrometry, and real-time bioimpedance measurements, respectively. Histamine receptor expression was heterogeneous in the cell lines tested. In most cell lines, we detected H1R mRNA while H4R mRNAs were found only occasionally. The colon-derived epithelial cell lines LoVo, SW480, and HT-29 expressed H1R mRNA exclusively, while in HCT116 cells H1R and H4R mRNAs and in CaCo-2 H2R mRNA were detectable. Subsequent functional analyses in HT29, Caco-2, and HCT116 cells, however, indicated that only HT-29 responded to histamine stimulation, by means of H1R. For a detailed analysis of histamine receptor function, esp. that of H1R and H4R, in human colon-derived cell lines, the cell lines tested here are not fully convenient unless genetically modified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin König
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Miriam Frommer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Marla Kirsten
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlef Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bastian Schirmer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany.
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Takano Y, Yogosawa S, Imaizumi Y, Kamioka H, Kanegae Y, Eto K, Yoshida K. DYRK2 promotes chemosensitivity via p53-mediated apoptosis after DNA damage in colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4558-4570. [PMID: 37776195 PMCID: PMC10728020 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a protein kinase that phosphorylates p53-Ser46 and induces apoptosis in response to DNA damage. However, the relationship between DYRK2 expression and chemosensitivity after DNA damage in colorectal cancer has not been well investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine whether DYRK2 could be a novel marker for predicting chemosensitivity after 5-fluorouracil- and oxaliplatin-induced DNA damage in colorectal cancer. Here we showed that DYRK2 knockout decreased the chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in p53 wild-type colorectal cancer cells, whereas the chemosensitivity remained unchanged in p53-deficient/mutated colorectal cancer cells. In addition, no significant differences in chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin between scramble and siDYRK2 p53(-/-) colorectal cancer cells were observed. Conversely, the combination of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of DYRK2 with 5-fluorouracil or oxaliplatin enhanced apoptosis and chemosensitivity through p53-Ser46 phosphorylation in p53 wild-type colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, DYRK2 knockout decreased chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in p53 wild-type xenograft mouse models. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that DYRK2 expression was associated with chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in p53 wild-type colorectal cancer, suggesting the importance of evaluating the p53 status and DYRK2 expression as a novel marker in therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Takano
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satomi Yogosawa
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuta Imaizumi
- Department of SurgeryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Kamioka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yumi Kanegae
- Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, Research Center for Medical ScienceThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ken Eto
- Department of SurgeryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of BiochemistryThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Alvarado-Ortiz E, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Sarabia-Sánchez MA, de la Cruz-López KG, García-Carrancá A, Robles-Flores M. Mutant p53 gain-of-function stimulates canonical Wnt signaling via PI3K/AKT pathway in colon cancer. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00793-4. [PMID: 37982965 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant canonical Wnt signaling is a hallmark of colon cancer. The TP53 tumor suppressor gene is altered in many solid tumors, including colorectal cancer, resulting in mutant versions of p53 (mut-p53) that lose their tumor suppressor capacities and acquire new-oncogenic functions (GOFs) critical for disease progression. Although the mechanisms related to mut-p53 GOF have been explored extensively, the relevance of mut-p53 in the canonical Wnt pathway is not well defined. This work investigated the influence of mut-p53 compared to wt-p53 in β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling. Using the TCGA public data from Pan-Cancer and the GEPIA2 platform, an in silico analysis of wt-p53 versus mut-p53 genotyped colorectal cancer patients showed that TP53 (p53) and CTNNB1 (β-catenin) are significantly overexpressed in colorectal cancer, compared with normal tissue. Using p53 overexpression or p53 knockdown assays of wt-p53 or mut-p53, we found that while wt-p53 antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling, mut-p53 induces the opposite effect, improving the β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activity and colony formation ability of colon cancer cells, which were both decreased by mut-p53 knockdown expression. The mechanism involved in mut-p53-induced activation of canonical Wnt appears to be via AKT-mediated phosphorylation of Ser 552 of β-catenin, which is known to stabilize and enhance its transcriptional activity. We also found that while wt-p53 expression contributes to 5-FU sensitivity in colon cancer cells, the RITA p53 reactivating molecule counteracted the resistance against 5-FU in cells expressing mut-p53. Our results indicate that mut-p53 GOF acts as a positive regulator of canonical Wnt signaling and participates in the induction of resistance to 5-FU in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Karen Griselda de la Cruz-López
- Laboratorio de Virus & Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México & Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Laboratorio de Virus & Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México & Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Robles-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Albassam H, Ladin DA, Elhassanny A, Burns C, Van Dross-Anderson R. Apoptosis mechanisms induced by 15d-PMJ 2 in HCT116 colon cancer cells: insights into CHOP10/TRB3/Akt signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1283677. [PMID: 38026967 PMCID: PMC10652392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1283677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Agents that stimulate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway are being exploited pharmacologically to induce cancer cell death. Cytotoxic ER stress is typically regulated by the transcription factor, C/EBP homologous protein 10 (CHOP10). Products of CHOP10 transcription include the pro-apoptotic proteins: ER oxidoreductase 1α (ERO1α), death receptor-5 (DR5), and tribbles-related protein 3 (TRB3). Our previous findings showed cell death induced by 15-deoxy- Δ12,14 prostamide J2 (15d-PMJ2) occurred in an ER stress-dependent manner. However, the pathway by which 15d-PMJ2 regulates ER stress-mediated death downstream of CHOP10 has not been identified. Our results demonstrate 5 µM 15d-PMJ2 increased CHOP10 expression and apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells. In cells treated with pharmacological inhibitors of ER stress, 15d-PMJ2-induced apoptosis was reliant upon the ER stress pathway. To investigate the role of CHOP10 and its transcriptional products in apoptosis, genetic deletion of CHOP10 (CHOP10-KO) was performed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The apoptotic action of 15d-PMJ2 was blunted in cells lacking CHOP10 expression. The deletion of CHOP10 reduced the expression of DR5, ERO1α, and TRB3 although only the expression of TRB3 was significantly reduced. Therefore, we overexpressed TRB3 in CHOP10-KO cells and observed that the activation of Akt was inhibited and 15d-PMJ2-induced apoptosis was restored. Thus, a mechanism of apoptosis elicited by 15d-PMJ2 includes the stimulation of CHOP10/TRB3/Akt inhibition. Given the important role these signaling molecules play in cancer cell fate, 15d-PMJ2 may be an effective inducer of apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Albassam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Daniel A. Ladin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ahmed Elhassanny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Colin Burns
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Rukiyah Van Dross-Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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Omar A, Govan D, Penny C. Epigenetic regulation in colorectal cancer: The susceptibility of microRNAs 145, 143 and 133b to DNA demethylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289800. [PMID: 37561735 PMCID: PMC10414600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern. Despite improvements in CRC treatment, mortality rates remain high. Genetic instability and epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression are instigators of CRC development that result in genotypic differences, leading to often variable and unpredictable treatment responses. Three miRNAs, miR-143, -145 and -133b, are most commonly downregulated in CRC and are proposed here as potential tumour suppressors. Although the downregulation of these miRNAs in CRC is largely unexplained, epigenetic silencing has been postulated to be a causative regulatory mechanism. Potential epigenetic modulation of miRNA expression, by means of histone acetylation and DNA methylation, was assessed in this study by treating early (SW1116) and late stage (DLD1) CRC cells with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'C) and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA), respectively. Subsequent quantification of miRNA expression revealed that while all the selected miRNAs were susceptible to DNA demethylation in early- and late-stage CRC cells, susceptibility to DNA demethylation was significantly pronounced in late-stage DLD1 cells. Conversely, although histone acetylation moderately affected miRNA expression in early-stage CRC, it had a marginal effect on the expression of miRNAs in late-stage CRC cells. Overall, this study provides further understanding of the contribution of epigenetics to the regulation of putative tumour suppressor miRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadilah Omar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
| | - Drishna Govan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
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47
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Tsai FL, Huang HL, Lai MJ, Liou JP, Pan SL, Yang CR. Anticancer Study of a Novel Pan-HDAC Inhibitor MPT0G236 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12588. [PMID: 37628767 PMCID: PMC10454243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer worldwide. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate cell proliferation and survival, are associated with the development and progression of cancer. Moreover, HDAC inhibitors are promising therapeutic targets, with five HDAC inhibitors approved for cancer treatment to date. However, their safety profile necessitates the exploration of well-tolerated HDAC inhibitors that can be used in cancer therapeutic strategies. In this study, the pan-HDAC inhibitor MPT0G236 reduced the viability and inhibited the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells, and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed reduced sensitivity. These findings indicated that MPT0G236 specifically targeted malignant tumor cells. Notably, MPT0G236 significantly inhibited the activities of HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, Class I HDACs, as well as HDAC6, a Class IIb HDAC, at low nanomolar concentrations. Additionally, it promoted the accumulation of acetyl-α-tubulin and acetyl-histone H3 in HCT-116 and HT-29 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, MPT0G236 treatment induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in CRC cells by initially regulating the levels of cell-cycle-related proteins, such as p-MPM2; specifically reducing p-cdc2 (Y15), cyclin B1, and cdc25C levels; and subsequently inducing apoptosis through the caspase-dependent pathways and PARP activation. Our findings demonstrate that MPT0G236 exhibits significant anticancer activity in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lung Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Han-Li Huang
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Lai
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ron Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
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48
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Pickles OJ, Wanigasooriya K, Ptasinska A, Patel AJ, Robbins HL, Bryer C, Whalley CM, Tee L, Lal N, Pinna CM, Elzefzafy N, Taniere P, Beggs AD, Middleton GM. MHC Class II is Induced by IFNγ and Follows Three Distinct Patterns of Expression in Colorectal Cancer Organoids. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1501-1513. [PMID: 37565053 PMCID: PMC10411481 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-specific MHC class II (tsMHC-II) expression impacts tumor microenvironmental immunity. tsMHC-II positive cancer cells may act as surrogate antigen-presenting cells and targets for CD4+ T cell-mediated lysis. In colorectal cancer, tsMHC-II negativity is common, in cell lines due to CIITA promoter methylation. To clarify mechanisms of tsMHC-II repression in colorectal cancer, we analyzed colorectal cancer organoids which are epigenetically faithful to tissue of origin. 15 primary colorectal cancer organoids were treated with IFNγ ± epigenetic modifiers: flow cytometry was used for tsMHC-II expression. qRT-PCR, total RNA sequencing, nanopore sequencing, bisulfite conversion/pyrosequencing, and Western blotting was used to quantitate CIITA, STAT1, IRF1, and JAK1 expression, mutations and promoter methylation and chromatin immunoprecipitation to quantitate H3K9ac, H3K9Me2, and EZH2 occupancy at CIITA. We define three types of response to IFNγ in colorectal cancer: strong, weak, and noninducibility. Delayed and restricted expression even with prolonged IFNγ exposure was due to IFNγ-mediated EZH2 occupancy at CIITA. tsMHC-II expression was enhanced by EZH2 and histone deacetylase inhibition in the weakly inducible organoids. Noninducibility is seen in three consensus molecular subtype 1 (CMS1) organoids due to JAK1 mutation. No organoid demonstrates CIITA promoter methylation. Providing IFNγ signaling is intact, most colorectal cancer organoids are class II inducible. Upregulation of tsMHC-II through targeted epigenetic therapy is seen in one of fifteen organoids. Our approach can serve as a blueprint for investigating the heterogeneity of specific epigenetic mechanisms of immune suppression across individual patients in other cancers and how these might be targeted to inform the conduct of future trials of epigenetic therapies as immune adjuvants more strategically in cancer. Significance Cancer cell expression of MHC class II significantly impacts tumor microenvironmental immunity. Previous studies investigating mechanisms of repression of IFNγ-inducible class II expression using cell lines demonstrate epigenetic silencing of IFN pathway genes as a frequent immune evasion strategy. Unlike cell lines, patient-derived organoids maintain epigenetic fidelity to tissue of origin. In the first such study, we analyze patterns, dynamics, and epigenetic control of IFNγ-induced class II expression in a series of colorectal cancer organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J. Pickles
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kasun Wanigasooriya
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anetta Ptasinska
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Akshay J. Patel
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen L. Robbins
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bryer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Celina M. Whalley
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Tee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Lal
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia M.A. Pinna
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nahla Elzefzafy
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Cancer Biology Department, NCI, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Philippe Taniere
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Beggs
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gary M. Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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49
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Clevenger AJ, McFarlin MK, Collier CA, Sheshadri VS, Madyastha AK, Gorley JPM, Solberg SC, Stratman AN, Raghavan SA. Peristalsis-Associated Mechanotransduction Drives Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:261-281. [PMID: 37811008 PMCID: PMC10550901 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor microenvironment, cancerous and precancerous cells continuously experience mechanical forces associated with peristalsis. Given that mechanical forces like shear stress and strain can positively impact cancer progression, we explored the hypothesis that peristalsis may also contribute to malignant progression in CRC. We defined malignant progression as enrichment of cancer stem cells and the acquisition of invasive behaviors, both vital to CRC progression. Methods We leveraged our peristalsis bioreactor to expose CRC cell lines (HCT116), patient-derived xenograft (PDX1,2) lines, or non-cancerous intestinal cells (HIEC-6) to forces associated with peristalsis in vitro. Cells were maintained in static control conditions or exposed to peristalsis for 24 h prior to assessment of cancer stem cell (CSC) emergence or the acquisition of invasive phenotypes. Results Exposure of HCT116 cells to peristalsis significantly increased the emergence of LGR5+ CSCs by 1.8-fold compared to static controls. Peristalsis enriched LGR5 positivity in several CRC cell lines, notably significant in KRAS mutant lines. In contrast, peristalsis failed to increase LGR5+ in non-cancerous intestinal cells, HIEC-6. LGR5+ emergence downstream of peristalsis was dependent on ROCK and Wnt activity, and not YAP1 activation. Additionally, HCT116 cells adopted invasive morphologies when exposed to peristalsis, with increased filopodia density and epithelial to mesenchymal gene expression, in a Wnt dependent manner. Conclusions Peristalsis associated forces drive malignant progression of CRC via ROCK, YAP1, and Wnt-related mechanotransduction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00776-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J. Clevenger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Maygan K. McFarlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Claudia A. Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Vibha S. Sheshadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Anirudh K. Madyastha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - John Paul M. Gorley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Spencer C. Solberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Amber N. Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Shreya A. Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
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50
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DAL Z, ARU B. The role of curcumin on apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis on colorectal cancer in vitro. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:883-893. [PMID: 38031951 PMCID: PMC10760590 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Many factors such as stress, lifestyle, and dietary habits are known to play a role in the initiation and progression of the disease. Herbal therapeutic agents including curcumin can hold a great potential against cancer treatment; however, their efficacy on CRC is still under investigation. Herein, we evaluated the anticancer mechanism of curcumin on four different CRC cell lines. METHODS Cells were treated with curcumin for 24, 48 and 72 h, and IC50 doses for each cell line were calculated. Mechanistic studies were conducted with the lowest IC50 dose determined for each cell line by evaluating apoptosis and necrosis, cell division, and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. RESULTS Curcumin treatment significantly decreased viability while increasing the SubG1 phase in all cell lines tested, indicating apoptosis is the main programmed cell death pathway activated upon curcumin treatment in CRC. In terms of pyroptosis, components of NLRP3 inflammasome were found to be elevated in SW480 and HCT116 cell lines, although to a lesser extent in the latter, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation was not observed in LoVo and HT29 cells. DISCUSSION Our results reveal that while curcumin effectively induces apoptosis, its effects on NLRP3-inflammasome mediated pyroptosis vary. Our results underline the need for further research focusing on the other inflammasome complexes to confirm the differential effects of curcumin on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep DAL
- 6th Phase Student, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Başak ARU
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
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