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Lara-Castor L, Micha R, Cudhea F, Miller V, Shi P, Zhang J, Sharib JR, Erndt-Marino J, Cash SB, Barquera S, Mozaffarian D. Intake of sugar sweetened beverages among children and adolescents in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018: population based study. BMJ 2024; 386:e079234. [PMID: 39111807 PMCID: PMC11305379 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-079234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify global intakes of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and trends over time among children and adolescents. DESIGN Population based study. SETTING Global Dietary Database. POPULATION Children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018, jointly stratified at subnational level by age, sex, parental education, and rural or urban residence. RESULTS In 2018, mean global SSB intake was 3.6 (standardized serving=248 g (8 oz)) servings/week (1.3 (95% uncertainly interval 1.0 to 1.9) in south Asia to 9.1 (8.3 to 10.1) in Latin America and the Caribbean). SSB intakes were higher in older versus younger children and adolescents, those resident in urban versus rural areas, and those of parents with higher versus lower education. Between 1990 and 2018, mean global SSB intakes increased by 0.68 servings/week (22.9%), with the largest increases in sub-Saharan Africa (2.17 servings/week; 106%). Of 185 countries included in the analysis, 56 (30.3%) had a mean SSB intake of ≥7 servings/week, representing 238 million children and adolescents, or 10.4% of the global population of young people. CONCLUSION This study found that intakes of SSBs among children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries increased by 23% from 1990 to 2018, parallel to the rise in prevalence of obesity among this population globally. SSB intakes showed large heterogeneity among children and adolescents worldwide and by age, parental level of education, and urbanicity. This research should help to inform policies to reduce SSB intake among young people, particularly those with larger intakes across all education levels in urban and rural areas in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the growing problem of SSBs for public health in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lara-Castor
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Frederick Cudhea
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria Miller
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Peilin Shi
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia R Sharib
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josh Erndt-Marino
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean B Cash
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Barquera
- Research Center on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Beets MW, Burkart S, Pfledderer C, Adams E, Weaver RG, Armstrong B, Brazendale K, Zhu X, McLain A, Turner-McGrievy B, Pate R, Kaczynski A, Fairchild A, Saelens B, Parker H. Differences in elementary-age children's accelerometer - measured physical activity between school and summer: three-year findings from the What's UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:86. [PMID: 39107808 PMCID: PMC11304806 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among elementary-aged children (5-12yrs), summer vacation is associated with accelerated gains in Body Mass Index (BMI). A key behavioral driver of BMI gain is a lack of physical activity (PA). Previous studies indicate PA decreases during summer, compared to the school year but whether this difference is consistent among boys and girls, across age, and by income status remains unclear. This study examined differences in school and summer movement behaviors in a diverse cohort of children across three years. METHODS Children (N = 1,203, age range 5-14 years, 48% girls) wore wrist-placed accelerometers for a 14-day wear-period during school (April/May) and summer (July) in 2021 to 2023, for a total of 6 timepoints. Mixed-effects models examined changes in school vs. summer movement behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], sedentary) for boys and girls, separately, and by age and household income groups (low, middle, and upper based on income-to-poverty ratio). RESULTS Children provided a total of 35,435 valid days of accelerometry. Overall, boys (+ 9.1 min/day, 95CI 8.1 to 10.2) and girls (+ 6.2 min/day, 95CI 5.4 to 7.0) accumulated more MVPA during school compared to summer. Boys accumulated less time sedentary (-9.9 min/day, 95CI -13.0 to -6.9) during school, while there was no difference in sedentary time (-2.7 min/day, 95CI -5.7 to 0.4) for girls. Different patterns emerged across ages and income groups. Accumulation of MVPA was consistently greater during school compared to summer across ages and income groups. Generally, the difference between school and summer widened with increasing age, except for girls from middle-income households. Accumulation of sedentary time was higher during school for younger children (5-9yrs), whereas for older children (10-14yrs), sedentary time was greater during summer for the middle- and upper-income groups. For boys from low-income households and girls from middle-income households, sedentary time was consistently greater during summer compared to school across ages. CONCLUSIONS Children are less active and more sedentary during summer compared to school, which may contribute to accelerated BMI gain. However, this differs by biological sex, age, and income. These findings highlight the complex factors influencing movement behaviors between school and summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beets
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Sarah Burkart
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Adams
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - R Glenn Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Xuanxuan Zhu
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Alexander McLain
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Russell Pate
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Andrew Kaczynski
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Amanda Fairchild
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Hannah Parker
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Zhang X, Liu J, Ni Y, Yi C, Fang Y, Ning Q, Shen B, Zhang K, Liu Y, Yang L, Li K, Liu Y, Huang R, Li Z. Global Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2024; 178:800-813. [PMID: 38856986 PMCID: PMC11165417 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Importance Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence is a global health issue associated with adverse outcomes throughout the life course. Objective To estimate worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from 2000 to 2023 and to assess potential risk factors for and comorbidities of obesity. Data Sources MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane. Study Selection The inclusion criteria were: (1) studies provided adequate information, (2) diagnosis based on body mass index cutoffs proposed by accepted references, (3) studies performed on general population between January 2000 and March 2023, (4) participants were younger than 18 years. Data Extraction and Synthesis The current study was performed in accordance with the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model with Free-Tukey double arcsine transformation was used for data analysis. Sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, and subgroup analysis of obesity among children and adolescents were conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents assessed by World Health Organization, International Obesity Task Force, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or other national references. Results A total of 2033 studies from 154 different countries or regions involving 45 890 555 individuals were included. The overall prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents was 8.5% (95% CI 8.2-8.8). We found that the prevalence varied across countries, ranging from 0.4% (Vanuatu) to 28.4% (Puerto Rico). Higher prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents was reported in countries with Human Development Index scores of 0.8 or greater and high-income countries or regions. Compared to 2000 to 2011, a 1.5-fold increase in the prevalence of obesity was observed in 2012 to 2023. Substantial differences in rates of obesity were noted when stratified by 11 risk factors. Children and adolescents with obesity had a high risk of depression and hypertension. The pooled estimates of overweight and excess weight in children and adolescents were 14.8% (95% CI 14.5-15.1) and 22.2% (95% CI 21.6-22.8), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance This study's findings indicated 1 of 5 children or adolescents experienced excess weight and that rates of excess weight varied by regional income and Human Development Index. Excess weight among children and adolescents was associated with a mix of inherent, behavioral, environmental, and sociocultural influences that need the attention and committed intervention of primary care professionals, clinicians, health authorities, and the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinyun Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiqiao Fang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyang Ning
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingbing Shen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kewei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mohamad RMA, Alhawiti WM, Alshehri WA, Alhaj Ali RM, Alhakami ST, Alatawi MM, Almutairi AA, Al Atawi ES, Alkhaibari DG, Saleh RM, Awaji HH. Assessment of Adolescents' Overweight and Obesity Risk Factors Among Alabnaa Schools in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e61533. [PMID: 38957243 PMCID: PMC11218896 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Saudi Arabia has been progressively increasing. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of various morbidities and mortality. Identifying the factors that contribute to obesity in this age group is crucial for implementing targeted prevention measures. AIM The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for overweight and obesity among adolescents aged nine to 17 years residing in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A case-control study was conducted during the 2021-2022 academic year at Alabnaa Schools in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. The study included overweight/obese individuals (cases, n = 125) and normal-weight individuals (controls, n = 201) who were selected based on their body mass index and classified according to the World Health Organization's reference for defining overweight and obesity in individuals aged five to 19 years. Data were collected from both groups using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS The study analyzed 125 overweight/obese students and 201 normal-weight students who were matched for sex and age (p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified several risk factors for overweight or obesity among adolescents. A family history of obesity was found to be associated with a 5.735 times increased likelihood of obesity (95% CI: 3.318-9.912, p < 0.001). Another significant contributing risk factor for obesity was frequent consumption of four or more meals per day (adjusted odds ratio: 3.091, 95% CI: 1.094-8.736, p = 0.033). Students who used electronic devices for more than five hours were 2.422 times more likely to exhibit obesity (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Certain factors may increase the risk of overweight or obesity in adolescents aged nine to 17 years. These factors include frequent eating, prolonged use of electronic devices, family history of obesity, and the misconception that obesity is not an illness. Tailored school health programs are needed to improve students' healthy lifestyles and eating behaviors, minimize sedentary entertainment and use of electronic devices, and engage children in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Waheed Ali Alshehri
- Preventive Medicine Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | - Eman Saeed Al Atawi
- Preventive Medicine Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | | | - Rakan Mahmoud Saleh
- Preventive Medicine Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Hosam Hadi Awaji
- Preventive Medicine Department, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
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Khatri S, Sharma R. Effective management of sedentary behavior among Indian university students: An empirical exploration into health-related behavior. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:131. [PMID: 38784278 PMCID: PMC11114526 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1489_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The past few years have witnessed a notable rise in sedentary tendencies, unveiling a modern era of prolonged stillness and diminished physical engagement. This study sought to assess the feasibility of a digital health intervention (DHI) to reduce overall sedentary behavior among university students. The study also identifies distinct subgroups within Indian universities that exhibit a heightened propensity for engaging in unhealthy behaviors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research design used was a quasi-experimental (pre-post) design. A total of 500 participants were selected using a simple randomized sampling method (250 belonging to the control group and 250 belonging to the experimental group). These participants actively engaged in the study for 2 weeks. The participants completed the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) before the intervention to evaluate their level of sedentary behavior. To evaluate the impact of the intervention on subjectively measured sedentary behavior, statistical analyses were conducted using the paired-samples t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with the post hoc Bonferroni test. RESULTS The findings demonstrated a significant t-value of sedentary behavior for the entire group, with t(249) = 4.88, P < .05. Furthermore, the F-value of 28.787 indicated a statistically significant difference in the sedentary behavior between the experimental and control groups. When considering female university students specifically, the t-value for sedentary behavior was significant at t(105) = 3.22, P < .05, and for male university students, the t-value for sedentary behavior was found to be significant at t(143) = 3.69, P < .05. CONCLUSION Smartphone-based health interventions targeting sedentary behavior reduction demonstrated promising outcomes in facilitating health behavior change among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Khatri
- School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ritu Sharma
- School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Azevedo-Martins AK, Santos MP, Abayomi J, Ferreira NJR, Evangelista FS. The Impact of Excessive Fructose Intake on Adipose Tissue and the Development of Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:939. [PMID: 38612973 PMCID: PMC11013923 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, childhood obesity cases continue to rise, and its prevalence is known to increase the risk of non-communicable diseases typically found in adults, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, comprehending its multiple causes to build healthier approaches and revert this scenario is urgent. Obesity development is strongly associated with high fructose intake since the excessive consumption of this highly lipogenic sugar leads to white fat accumulation and causes white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulated adipokine release. Unfortunately, the global consumption of fructose has increased dramatically in recent years, which is associated with the fact that fructose is not always evident to consumers, as it is commonly added as a sweetener in food and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Therefore, here, we discuss the impact of excessive fructose intake on adipose tissue biology, its contribution to childhood obesity, and current strategies for reducing high fructose and/or free sugar intake. To achieve such reductions, we conclude that it is important that the population has access to reliable information about food ingredients via food labels. Consumers also need scientific education to understand potential health risks to themselves and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karenina Azevedo-Martins
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Matheus Pedro Santos
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Julie Abayomi
- School of Medicine and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
| | - Natália Juliana Ramos Ferreira
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
| | - Fabiana S. Evangelista
- Group of Study in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil; (M.P.S.); (N.J.R.F.); (F.S.E.)
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Lv JL, Wei YF, Sun JN, Shi YC, Liu FH, Sun MH, Chang Q, Wu QJ, Zhao YH. Ultra-processed food consumption and metabolic disease risk: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1306310. [PMID: 38356860 PMCID: PMC10864658 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1306310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims There is an ongoing debate on whether to advocate reducing ultra-processed food (UPF) in dietary guidelines to control metabolic disease (such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). We aimed to summarize the evidence from systematic reviews with meta-analyses between UPF consumption and metabolic diseases risk, assess the credibility, and verify the robustness of these associations. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to July 15, 2023, to identify relevant systematic reviews with meta-analyses. We used the random-effects model to evaluate the summary effect size, along with 95% confidence interval and prediction interval. We also assessed heterogeneity, evidence of small-study effects and excess significance bias, and categorized the credibility of each association based on quantitative umbrella review criteria. Additionally, we conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of associations based on continents, study design, dietary assessment methods, definition methods of UPF, population, and units of UPF consumption. Results Overall, 6 systematic reviews with 13 meta-analyses were included. Three (23.08%) meta-analyses were classified as highly suggestive evidence for meeting the criteria that associations were significant at p < 10-6, had more than 1,000 cases, and presented the largest study with significance at p < 0.05. Among them, the highest UPF consumption quantile was associated with an increased risk of obesity (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.36-1.77) when compared with the lowest UPF consumption quantile. The highest UPF consumption quantile was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23-1.59) when compared with the lowest UPF consumption quantile, and a 10% increase in UPF consumption (% g/d) was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10-1.13). Meanwhile, the robustness of these associations was verified by a series of subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion UPF consumption may be a risk factor for several metabolic diseases. However, well-designed studies are still needed to verify our findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Lv
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Nan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Chen Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Sun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Baruwa OJ, Gbadebo BM, Adeleye OJ, Tabana H, Fagbamigbe AF. Decomposing the rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:680. [PMID: 38129895 PMCID: PMC10734196 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obese women face various reproductive and other health challenges, and in some cases, even mortality. Despite evidence of rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age, there is limited evidence regarding the predictors of these disparities. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with overweight and obesity and examine the contributors to rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. METHODS We utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The survey employed a two-stage cluster sampling technique based on Nigeria's 2006 census enumeration areas for sample selection. Overweight and obesity were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. Data analyses were conducted using the Logistic Regression Model and the threefold Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model (α0.05). RESULTS The study revealed that older women (OR = 2.44; CI = 2.11-2.83), those with higher wealth (OR = 2.05; CI = 1.81-2.31), contraceptive users (OR = 1.41; CI = 1.27-1.57), and residents of the South-South region (OR = 1.24; CI = 1.07-1.45) were more likely to be overweight/obese. The decomposition analysis indicated that the mean predicted prevalence of overweight and obesity is 35.5% in urban areas, compared to 21.1% in rural areas of Nigeria. Factors such as wealth status, educational level, media exposure, and contraceptive use were identified as significant contributors to these disparities. CONCLUSION The findings underscore the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities when designing healthcare interventions to reduce the burden of overweight and obesity, particularly in urban areas. Prioritizing these factors can facilitate efforts to promote healthier lifestyles and enhance overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babatunde Makinde Gbadebo
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine. University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwafemi John Adeleye
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine. University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Hanani Tabana
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine. University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Kolunsarka I, Gråstèn A, Stodden D, Huhtiniemi M, Jaakkola T. Impact of Motor Competence Profiles on Adolescents' Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness across Four Years. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1610-1619. [PMID: 37093949 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity levels have decreased over past decades with most adolescents neither meeting the current physical activity recommendations nor demonstrating adequate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Motor competence (MC) is foundational for a physically active lifestyle; however, children demonstrate significant differences in their levels of MC in a broad foundation of movement skills. This study investigated developmental patterns of physical activity and CRF in children across 4 yr based on their longitudinal MC profiles. METHODS The data included annual measurements of MC, accelerometry-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and CRF over 4 yr from the age 11 to 15 ( n = 1147, girls 582, boys 565). Latent profile analysis was used to identify longitudinal MC profiles and latent growth curve modeling to examine intercepts and slopes (s) of MVPA and CRF in these MC profiles. RESULTS Three different longitudinal MC profiles were identified: low, moderate, and high. The MC profiles showed significant differences in intercepts of CRF and MVPA. The high MC profile showed the highest intercepts for both, but also a statistically significant decline in MVPA over time (s = -3.36, P < 0.001). Cardiorespiratory fitness increased similarly in all three profiles over time: low (s = 1.20, P < 0.01), moderate (s = 1.28, P < 0.001), high (s = 2.21, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the long-term associations between different MC profiles and development of MVPA and CRF. Adolescents with lower MC demonstrated lower levels of MVPA and CRF, indicating decreased participation in physical activities that can optimally enhance CRF. However, significant differences in MVPA levels between MC profiles faded over time in adolescence, whereas significant differences in CRF remained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iiris Kolunsarka
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FINLAND
| | | | - David Stodden
- College of Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Mikko Huhtiniemi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FINLAND
| | - Timo Jaakkola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FINLAND
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10
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Cristi-Montero C, Martínez-Flores R, Porras F, Sadarangani KP, Ferrari G, Aguilar-Farias N, Silva ICM, Reyes-Amigo T, Rodriguez-Rodriguez F. A comparative study between traditional and sports school uniforms on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and waist-height-to-ratio in adolescents. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1213403. [PMID: 37457263 PMCID: PMC10349179 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1213403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Improving health of children and adolescents is crucial for their overall development. Therefore, it is essential to explore factors that may influence their health at both the public health and school system levels. Objective This study compares physical fitness components and waist-height-to-ratio (WHtR) in adolescents according to school uniforms, namely the traditional uniform (i.e., shirt and school necktie in boys and skirt and blouse in girls) and the sports uniform (i.e., polo shirts or t-shirts and sport or short trousers). Additionally, it seeks to investigate potential differences in these measures based on sex and school type (i.e., public, subsidized, and private). Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the Chilean national learning outcome assessment system (SIMCE)-2014 and involved 8,030 adolescents. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness (MF) were measured. WHtR was assessed as a health cardiovascular indicator. Mixed models and ANCOVA were performed to compare uniform types, adjusting for multiple covariates. value of p and effect size (ES) was used to establish significant results. Results Overall, sports uniforms (SU) were linked to higher CRF (p < 0.001) than the traditional uniform (TU). Boys from private schools wearing SU presented higher CRF (p = 0.016; ES = 0.37), and a positive trend was observed for MF (p = 0.645; ES = 0.21). In subsidized, a trend was found in CRF (p = 0.005; ES = 0.16). Girls wearing SU from private schools showed a positive trend in CRF (p = 0.167; ES = 0.28). Trends in WHtR were found in both sexes from private (p = 0.555; ES = 0.24; p = 0.444; ES = 0.25, respectively). Conclusion Wearing SU seems a promissory alternative to promote healthy physical fitness and body composition at the educational level. However, the relationship between higher physical activity and CRF, MF, and lower WHtR due to SU must be verified. Finally, when deciding to implement this measure, special attention must be paid to boys from public schools and girls from all types of schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ricardo Martínez-Flores
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Felipe Porras
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Kabir P. Sadarangani
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Inacio Crochemore M. Silva
- Escola Superiorde Educação Física, Programa de Pós Graduação emEducação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tomas Reyes-Amigo
- Observatório de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Departamemto de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaiso, Chile
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11
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Filgueiras MDS, Silva MA, Suhett LG. Editorial: Nutrition, bone health, and cardiometabolic risk in childhood. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1229753. [PMID: 37404856 PMCID: PMC10316018 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1229753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lara Gomes Suhett
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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12
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Lister NB, Baur LA, Felix JF, Hill AJ, Marcus C, Reinehr T, Summerbell C, Wabitsch M. Child and adolescent obesity. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:24. [PMID: 37202378 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has plateaued at high levels in most high-income countries and is increasing in many low-income and middle-income countries. Obesity arises when a mix of genetic and epigenetic factors, behavioural risk patterns and broader environmental and sociocultural influences affect the two body weight regulation systems: energy homeostasis, including leptin and gastrointestinal tract signals, operating predominantly at an unconscious level, and cognitive-emotional control that is regulated by higher brain centres, operating at a conscious level. Health-related quality of life is reduced in those with obesity. Comorbidities of obesity, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease and depression, are more likely in adolescents and in those with severe obesity. Treatment incorporates a respectful, stigma-free and family-based approach involving multiple components, and addresses dietary, physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours. In adolescents in particular, adjunctive therapies can be valuable, such as more intensive dietary therapies, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. Prevention of obesity requires a whole-system approach and joined-up policy initiatives across government departments. Development and implementation of interventions to prevent paediatric obesity in children should focus on interventions that are feasible, effective and likely to reduce gaps in health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie B Lister
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Hill
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claude Marcus
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Reinehr
- Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany
| | - Carolyn Summerbell
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
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13
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Chilot D, Belay DG, Merid MW, Kibret AA, Alem AZ, Asratie MH, Teshager NW, Aragaw FM. Triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070978. [PMID: 37160393 PMCID: PMC10174032 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in low-income and middle-income countries. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Low-income and middle-income countries. PARTICIPANTS Women and children. PRIMARY OUTCOME Triple burden of malnutrition (overweight/obese mother with undernourished and anaemic under 5 years child). METHODS Data for this study were drawn from recent 22 low-income and middle-income countries Demographic and Health Surveys. A total weighted sample of 116 795 mother-child pairs was included in the study. STATA V.14.2 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with the problem. Adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI and a p<0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association. Model fitness and comparison were done using intraclass correlation coefficient, median OR, proportional change in variance and deviance. RESULT The pooled prevalence of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs was 11.39%. It showed statistically significant positive associations with mothers aged ≥35 years (AOR 2.25, 95% CI 2.08 to 2.44), family size >10 (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.26), delivery by caesarean section (AOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.03), the richest household (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.88), grand multiparous (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.81), age of child 36-47 months (AOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.64 to 1.90), at a p<0.05. Whereas breast feeding (AOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99), married mothers (AOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.96), female children (AOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.92), improved toilet (AOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.29), improved source of drinking water (AOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.35), rural residents (AOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.69) had a contrasting relationship with the triple burden of malnutrition. CONCLUSION About 1 out of 10 households suffer from the triple burden of malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries. This study revealed that several maternal, child, household and community-level factors have a significant impact on the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmawi Chilot
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Gashaneh Belay
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mehari Woldemariam Merid
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Ayelign Kibret
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Adugnaw Zeleke Alem
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Hunie Asratie
- Department of women and family health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nahom Worku Teshager
- Department of pediatrics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fantu Mamo Aragaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
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14
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Calcaterra V, Cena H, Rossi V, Santero S, Bianchi A, Zuccotti G. Ultra-Processed Food, Reward System and Childhood Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050804. [PMID: 37238352 DOI: 10.3390/children10050804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are a major public health problem globally. Diet quality is critical for proper child development, and an unhealthy diet is a preventable risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in childhood may increase the BMI/BMI z-score, body fat percentage, or likelihood of overweight. A strict feeding regulation system allows for sufficient food to be consumed to meet ongoing metabolic demands while avoiding overconsumption. This narrative review explores the issues of obesity and the regulation of food intake related to reward systems and UPF consumption. Nutrient composition alone cannot explain the influence of UPFs on the risk of obesity. Furthermore, the non-nutritional properties of UPFs may explain the mechanisms underlying the relationship with obesity and NCDs. UPFs are designed to be highly palatable, appealing, and energy dense with a unique combination of the main taste enhancer ingredients to generate a strong rewarding stimulus and influence the circuits related to feeding facilitation. How individual UPF ingredients influence eating behavior and reward processes remains not fully elucidated. To increase the knowledge on the relationship between UPFs and pediatric obesity, it may be useful to limit the rapid growth in the prevalence of obesity and subsequent related complications, and to develop new strategies for appropriate food and nutrition policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, General Medicine, Istituti Clinici Salvatore Maugeri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Sscientifico, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Santero
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Bianchi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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15
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García-Hermoso A, Ezzatvar Y, Alonso-Martinez AM, Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M, López-Gil JF. Twenty-four-hour movement guidelines during adolescence and its association with obesity at adulthood: results from a nationally representative study. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:1009-1017. [PMID: 36542161 PMCID: PMC10023604 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To determine the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during adolescence with obesity at adulthood 14 years later in a nationally representative cohort. We analyzed data from 6984 individuals who participated in Waves I (1994-1995) and IV (2008-2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in the USA. Obesity was defined by the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points at Wave I and adult cut-points at Wave IV (body mass index [BMI]≥30 kg/m2 and waist circumference [WC]≥102 cm in male and 88 cm in female). Physical activity, screen time and sleep duration were self-reported. Adolescents who met screen time recommendation alone (β = -1.62 cm, 95%CI -2.68 cm to -0.56), jointly with physical activity (β = -2.25 cm, 95%CI -3.75 cm to -0.75 cm), and those who met all three recommendations (β = -1.92 cm, 95%CI -3.81 cm to -0.02 cm) obtained lower WC at Wave IV than those who did not meet any of these recommendations. Our results also show that meeting with screen time recommendations (IRR [incidence rate ratio] = 0.84, 95%CI 0.76 to 0.92) separately and jointly with physical activity recommendations (IRR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.67 to 0.97) during adolescence is associated with lower risk of abdominal obesity at adulthood. In addition, adolescents who met all 24-h movement recommendations had lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life (IRR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.60 to 0.97). CONCLUSION Promoting the adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines from adolescence, especially physical activity and screen time, seems to be related with lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life, but not for BMI. WHAT IS KNOWN • Some studies have shown a relationship between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines and adiposity or obesity markers in youth. However, most of these studies have a cross-sectional design or a short follow-up. WHAT IS NEW • This is the first study which determined the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during adolescence with obesity at adulthood 14 years later in a nationally representative US cohort. • Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines from adolescence seems to be related with lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life, but not for body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Yasmin Ezzatvar
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia M Alonso-Martinez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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16
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Risk Factors, Clinical Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121975. [PMID: 36553418 PMCID: PMC9776766 DOI: 10.3390/children9121975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity might adversely affect the health and well-being of children and their families. Childhood obesity has crucial implications for health, both during childhood and as they age. It is highly associated with many acute problems and is commonly present during childhood, making visits and hospital admissions polarized in this group of children. The problems that may affect these children can be medical, such as asthma, chronic inflammation, orthopedic abnormalities, liver disease, diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Long-term consequences of cardiovascular risk factors, the persistence of obesity and premature mortality are common among adults who had obesity during their early lives. Additionally, they could also suffer from psychological issues, such as low self-esteem, which puts them at risk of a much more serious psychosocial problem that may lead to depression, as well as a disruption in educational achievements and social relationships. A healthy diet, physical activity, adequate sleep, and limited screen time are all preventive measures that should be implemented at the family and community levels, preferably through well-structured programs. Furthermore, pharmacological management of childhood obesity is limited and only used after non-pharmacological interventions have failed or in the late stages of obesity. However, recent guidelines advocate the early use of medical interventions. Approved pharmacotherapeutic options include orlistat, phentermine/topiramate combination and liraglutide. There are several other options approved primarily for other specific forms of obesity or for other indications, including setmelanotide, metformin, lisdexamfetamine, zonisamide and fluoxetine. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective option in cases with extreme obesity and comorbidities considering the need for long-term monitoring and support for cases and their families post-surgery. This review aims to discuss and highlight the recent evidence regarding risk factors, clinical consequences, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity.
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Comparison of 24-h movement behavior, health-related quality of life, and waist to height ratio between adolescents with healthy body mass index (BMI) and adolescents with BMI in the cardiometabolic risk zone. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-01023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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18
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Yang Z, Chen S, Bao R, Li R, Bao K, Feng R, Zhong Z, Wang X. Public Health Concern on Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis of Literature from 1990 to 2022. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121764. [PMID: 36556966 PMCID: PMC9780999 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a long-term threat to global public health security, while sedentary behavior is a modifiable behavior among cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to analyze the peer-reviewed literature published globally on sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease (SB-CVD) and identify the hotspots and frontiers within this research area. Materials and Methods: Publications on SB-CVD from 1990 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were applied to perform bibliometric and knowledge mapping visualization analyses. Results: A total of 2071 publications were retrieved, presenting a gradual growing trend. Authors from the USA topped the list with 748 (36.12%), followed by authors from England (373, 18.01%) and Australia (354, 17.09%). The University of Queensland, Australia, led with 95 (4.5%) publications. The top five active authors were all from Australia, while Dunstan D and Owen N published the most documents (56, 2.7%). A total of 71.27% of the publications received funding, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services provided 363 (17.53%) grants. Public Environmental Occupational Health (498, 24.05%), Sport Sciences (237, 11.44%), and Cardiac Cardiovascular Systems (212, 10.24%) were the three most popular disciplines, while PLOS One (96, 4.64%) and BMC Public Health (88, 4.25%) were the two most popular journals. Investigations within the SB-CVD research area addressed the entire lifespan, the most popular type of research was the epidemiological study, and the accelerometer was the primary instrument for measuring sedentary behavior. In terms of variables, physical activity and sedentary behavior were the dominant lifestyle behaviors, while obesity and hypertension were common health problems. Occupational physical activity and guidelines are at the frontier and are currently in the burst stage. Conclusions: The last three decades have witnessed the rapid development of the SB-CVD research area, and this study provided further research ideas for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Ran Bao
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ruizhe Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaiming Bao
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Renzhi Feng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence:
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19
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Ma Y, Wu H, Shen J, Wang J, Wang J, Hou Y. Correlation between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity among Chinese adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1027565. [PMID: 36408045 PMCID: PMC9670141 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1027565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyles such as physical exercise, sedentary behavior, eating habits, and sleep duration are all associated with adolescent overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate how Chinese adolescents' lifestyles clustered into different lifestyle patterns, and to analyze the correlation between these patterns and adolescent overweight and obesity. The investigated respondents included 13,670 adolescents aged 13-18 from various administrative regions in China. Latent class analysis was employed to cluster the lifestyles of adolescents, χ2 test and Logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity in adolescents. The results identified 6 types of Chinese adolescents' lifestyle patterns, as well as the significant differences in gender and age. The adolescents with high exercise-high calorie diet had the lowest risk of overweight and obesity, and the adolescents with low consciousness-low physical activity and low consciousness-unhealthy had the highest risk of overweight and obesity, which were 1.432 times and 1.346 times higher than those with high exercise-high calorie diet, respectively. The studied demonstrated that there was a coexistence of healthy behaviors and health-risk behaviors in the lifestyle clustering of Chinese adolescents. Low physical exercise and high intake of snacks and carbonated beverages were the most common. Physical exercise and health consciousness were the protective factors of overweight and obesity in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huipan Wu
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Huipan Wu
| | - Jinbo Shen
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinxian Wang
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- Department of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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20
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Liu H, Fu P, Zhang M, Zhou C. Coexistence of obesity and hunger in young adolescents: Evidence from the Global School-based Student Health Survey. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12952. [PMID: 35747991 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hunger and obesity among young adolescents are serious public health issues; however, the relationship between these issues in this demographic has yet to be examined. OBJECTIVE To determine whether both obesity and hunger coexist in young adolescents from a global perspective. METHODS We analysed data of 142 565 adolescents (age, 12-15 years) from 60 countries from the Global School-based Student Health Survey. RESULTS Total prevalence of moderate and severe hunger was 22.32% and 7.8%, respectively-with the highest in Africa (29.14% and 12.14%, respectively) and the lowest in the Americas (16.83% and 5.31%, respectively). The prevalence of obesity among adolescents with severe hunger was 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-1.38) times the prevalence among those without hunger; however, this association varied across countries or regions. Moreover, the prevalence of obesity was 17% (95% CI: 1.04-1.29) higher in adolescent girls with moderate hunger in high-income countries, 91% (95% CI: 1.23-2.58) higher in adolescents with severe hunger in low-income countries and 54% (95% CI: 1.34-1.76) higher in lower middle-income countries compared to those without hunger. CONCLUSIONS Both obesity and hunger coexist in adolescent populations worldwide. Our findings emphasize the need for double-duty actions to simultaneously address burdens of hunger and obesity among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Liu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Peipei Fu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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21
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Wang Y, Luo S, Hou Y, Wang K, Zhang Y. Association between overweight, obesity and sleep duration and related lifestyle behaviors is gender and educational stages dependent among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years: a cross-sectional study in Henan. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1650. [PMID: 36045412 PMCID: PMC9429770 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the associations between overweight, obesity and sleep duration and related lifestyle behaviors in children and adolescents at different gender and educational stages. Methods A cross-sectional study comprising 18723 children and adolescents with a stratified cluster sampling method of Henan Province was conducted in 2019. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect the information about demographic characteristics as well as sleep and lifestyle behaviors. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken and body mass index was computered as an indicator of overweight and obesity. The Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple logistic regression were used to data analysis. Results Among the respondents, 12657(67.6%) were with normal weight, 3711(19.8%) were overweight and 2355(12.6%) were obesity. The average age of the participants was 12.6 years old. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 10191 boys was 18.7% and 14.2% respectively. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 8532 girls was 21.2% and 10.6% respectively. In trend analyses, sleep duration at different gender found with the decreased of the sleep duration, the proportions of overweight/obesity in boys and girls were gradually increased (Ptrend<0.05). In the adjusted logistic regression models, the results showed stratified by gender, compared with the recommended sleep duration group, students with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased ORadj of 2.56 and 2.13 in boys, 2.34 and 2.09 in girls respectively. According to different educational stages, those in very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased ORadj of 2.15 and 1.69 in primary school, 2.26 and 1.58 in middle school, 2.23 and 1.51 in high school respectively. Conclusions Children and adolescents with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration may increase the risk of overweight/obesity, the association differed based on the gender-specific and educational stages-specific. Gender and educational stages should be regarded as specific characteristics for the effects on overweight/obesity in Henan Province.
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22
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Jebeile H, Kelly AS, O'Malley G, Baur LA. Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology, causes, assessment, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 10:351-365. [PMID: 35248172 PMCID: PMC9831747 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(22)00047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This Review describes current knowledge on the epidemiology and causes of child and adolescent obesity, considerations for assessment, and current management approaches. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, obesity prevalence in children and adolescents had plateaued in many high-income countries despite levels of severe obesity having increased. However, in low-income and middle-income countries, obesity prevalence had risen. During the pandemic, weight gain among children and adolescents has increased in several jurisdictions. Obesity is associated with cardiometabolic and psychosocial comorbidity as well as premature adult mortality. The development and perpetuation of obesity is largely explained by a bio-socioecological framework, whereby biological predisposition, socioeconomic, and environmental factors interact together to promote deposition and proliferation of adipose tissue. First-line treatment approaches include family-based behavioural obesity interventions addressing diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and sleep quality, underpinned by behaviour change strategies. Evidence for intensive dietary approaches, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic and bariatric surgery as supplemental therapies are emerging; however, access to these therapies is scarce in most jurisdictions. Research is still needed to inform the personalisation of treatment approaches of obesity in children and adolescents and their translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Jebeile
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron S Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Child and Adolescent Obesity Service, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise A Baur
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
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23
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Tong J, Ren Y, Liu F, Liang F, Tang X, Huang D, An X, Liang X. The Impact of PM2.5 on the Growth Curves of Children's Obesity Indexes: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843622. [PMID: 35392463 PMCID: PMC8980359 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To explore the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) on childhood obesity based on a cohort study in Chongqing. Methods A total of 4,284 children aged 6-8 years at baseline were enrolled from the Chongqing Children Health Cohort in 2014-2015 and were followed up in 2019. A stratified cluster sampling was applied to select the participants. A Mixed-effects linear regression model was used to examine the effect of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on the growth curve of obesity indicators [including body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score (BMIz), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)]. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to study the dose relationship between PM2.5 exposure and the risk of obesity indicators. Results A higher level of accumulating exposure to PM2.5 was associated with an increased childhood obesity index, and the effect was the most significant for WHtR than BMI and BMIz. This effect was more pronounced in boys than in girls except for WHtR, and it was the most significant under the PM2.5 exposure period from pregnancy to 6 years old. Compared the annual average PM2.5 exposure level of <60 μg/m3, the WHtR and BMI were increased by 0.019 [(95% CIs): 0.014, 0.024] and 0.326 [(95% CIs): 0.037, 0.616] Kg/m2 for participants living with the PM2.5 exposure level of 70-75 μg/m3, respectively. For every 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 levels (from pregnancy to 6 years old), the risk of central obesity was increased by 1.26 {odds ratio [OR] (95% CIs): 1.26 (1.16, 1.37), p < 0.001} times. Conclusions This study confirmed a dose-response relationship between PM2.5 exposure and childhood obesity, especially central obesity, suggesting that controlling ambient air pollution can prevent the occurrence of obesity in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishuang Tong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian Tang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daochao Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Actual and Perceived Motor Competence, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, and Weight Status in Schoolchildren: Latent Profile and Transition Analyses. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Engagement in physical activity plays a central role in the prevention and treatment of childhood overweight/obesity. However, some children may lack the skills and confidence to be physically active. This 3-year follow-up study aimed to form profiles based on cardiorespiratory fitness, actual motor competence, perceived motor competence, physical activity, and weight status, and to examine if these profiles remain stable from late childhood to early adolescence. All these variables were annually assessed in 1,162 Finnish schoolchildren (girls = 583 and boys = 564, Mage = 11.27 ± 0.32 years). Latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles and latent transition analysis to examine the stability of latent statuses. Three profiles were identified: normal weight with high movement, normal weight with low movement, and overweight–obese with low movement. Profile memberships remained relatively stable over time, indicating that children with low actual and perceived motor competence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity in late childhood also tended to exhibit these characteristics in early adolescence.
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