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Li H, Liu S, Chen H, Zhou L, Chen B, Wang M, Zhang D, Han TL, Zhang H. Gut dysbiosis contributes to SCFAs reduction-associated adipose tissue macrophage polarization in gestational diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2024; 350:122744. [PMID: 38810793 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has spurred investigations into various interconnected factors, among which gut dysbiosis is notably prominent. Although gut dysbiosis is strongly associated with GDM, the specific role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of GDM remains unknown. This study aims to explore the pathogenesis of GDM from gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our study, we constructed two GDM mice models: one induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and the other through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from GDM patients. In vitro, we used a co-culture system of RAW264.7 and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. KEY FINDINGS We induced a GDM-like state in pregnant mice by FMT from GDM patients, which was consistent with the HFD model. A potential mechanism identified involves the diminished abundance of SCFA-producing microbiota, which reduces SCFAs, particularly propionic acid and butyric acid. In vitro, butyric and propionic acids were observed to alleviate LPS-induced TLR4-NF-κB activation, thereby reducing inflammation levels and inhibiting adipose insulin resistance via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This reduction appears to trigger the polarization of adipose tissue macrophages toward M1 and promote insulin resistance in adipose tissue. SIGNIFICANCE Our study fills this knowledge gap by finding that alterations in gut microbiota have an independent impact on hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the GDM state. In vivo and in vitro, gut dysbiosis is linked to adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance via the bacterial product SCFAs in the GDM state, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Linwei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bingnan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Gonnabathula P, Choi MK, Li M, Kabadi SV, Fairman K. Utility of life stage-specific chemical risk assessments based on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114789. [PMID: 38844066 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
The safety assessments for chemicals targeted for use or expected to be exposed to specific life stages, including infancy, childhood, pregnancy and lactation, and geriatrics, need to account for extrapolation of data from healthy adults to these populations to assess their human health risk. However, often adequate and relevant toxicity or pharmacokinetic (PK) data of chemicals in specific life stages are not available. For such chemicals, New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), such as physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, biologically based dose response (BBDR) modeling, in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE), etc. can be used to understand the variability of exposure and effects of chemicals in specific life stages and assess their associated risk. A life stage specific PBPK model incorporates the physiological and biochemical changes associated with each life stage and simulates their impact on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of these chemicals. In our review, we summarize the parameterization of life stage models based on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) and discuss case studies that highlight the utility of a life stage based PBPK modeling for risk assessment. In addition, we discuss the utility of artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) and other computational models, such as those based on in vitro data, as tools for estimation of relevant physiological or physicochemical parameters and selection of model. We also discuss existing gaps in the available toxicological datasets and current challenges that need to be overcome to expand the utility of NAMs for life stage-specific chemical risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavani Gonnabathula
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Me-Kyoung Choi
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Miao Li
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Shruti V Kabadi
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Kiara Fairman
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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McBride CA, Russom Z, Bernstein IM, Dumas JA. Subclinical Metabolic and Cardiovascular Factors and Brain White Matter Microstructural Integrity in Young Women. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1895-1902. [PMID: 38565839 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Women who have experienced pregnancy complications, specifically preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, have well documented increased risks of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological disease later in life. This study examined how specific cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors for preeclampsia assessed in a non-pregnant state were associated with brain white matter microstructural integrity. This study examined sixty-two healthy women (mean age 31 ± 5 years) who received metabolic and cardiovascular assessments as well as multiple modality MRI imaging. Participants were either nulliparous (n = 31) or had a history of preterm preeclampsia (n = 31). Imaging included acquisition Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) to assess white matter integrity within the brain. We hypothesized that healthy, young, non-pregnant women with cardiovascular and metabolic profiles suggesting elevated risk would have decreased white matter integrity, represented by lower Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and increased Mean Diffusivity (MD) estimates in the posterior cortical areas of the brain. We observed increased white matter degradation (lower FA and increased MD) in posterior and occipital tracts, commissural fibers, and subcortical structures in women with increased adiposity, worse measures of cardiovascular and metabolic function, including greater insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hyperlipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and increased arterial stiffness. The relationships detected between subclinical cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes and increased white matter disruption at a young age, outside of pregnancy, are indicative that adverse changes are detectable long before cognitive clinical presentation. This may suggest that many of the long-term cardiovascular and metabolic risks of aging are influenced by physiologic aging trajectories rather than damage caused by pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole A McBride
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Zane Russom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 1 South Prospect St, Burlington, VT, 05401, USA
| | - Ira M Bernstein
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Julie A Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 1 South Prospect St, Burlington, VT, 05401, USA.
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Jiang J, Wei S, Chen M, Tan Y, Yang Z, Yang G, Feng W, Han Z, Wei X, Luo X. Characterizing the Dynamic Expression of C1q/TNF-α-Related Protein 6 (CTRP6) during Pregnancy in Humans and Mice with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1128. [PMID: 38791090 PMCID: PMC11117843 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM C1q/TNF-related protein 6 (CTRP6) is a novel adipokine involved in insulin resistance. Thus, we aim to investigate the expression profile of CTRP6 in the plasma, adipose tissue and placenta of GDM patients and mice. METHODS Chinese Han pregnant women (GDM n = 9, control n = 10) with a scheduled caesarean section delivery were recruited. A number of high-fat diet (HFD) induced-pregnancy C57BL/6 mice were chosen as an animal model of GDM. Circulating levels of CTRP6 and adiponectin were examined by ELISA. CTRP6 expression in adipose tissue and placenta were detected by real-time qPCR and WB. RESULT Plasma CTRP6 levels were decreased during the first and second trimesters in mice, as well as the second and third trimesters in patients, while they were increased at delivery in GDM patients and mice. Plasma CTRP6 levels were significantly correlated with WBC, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and fasting blood glucose. Moreover, CTRP6 mRNA expression in the subcutaneous (sWAT) and omental white adipose tissue (oWAT), as well as in the placenta, was significantly higher in GDM human patients at cesarean delivery. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of Ctrp6 was increased in the sWAT and visceral WAT (vWAT), whilst decreased in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), of GDM mice at cesarean delivery. CONCLUSION Dynamically expressed CTRP6 may be served as a candidate target for treatment of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.J.); (Y.T.); (W.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Shuangyu Wei
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.C.); (Z.Y.); (G.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yutian Tan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.J.); (Y.T.); (W.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.C.); (Z.Y.); (G.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Guiying Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.C.); (Z.Y.); (G.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Weijie Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.J.); (Y.T.); (W.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (M.C.); (Z.Y.); (G.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xiaojing Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.J.); (Y.T.); (W.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.J.); (Y.T.); (W.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
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Razo-Azamar M, Nambo-Venegas R, Quevedo IR, Juárez-Luna G, Salomon C, Guevara-Cruz M, Palacios-González B. Early-Pregnancy Serum Maternal and Placenta-Derived Exosomes miRNAs Vary Based on Pancreatic β-Cell Function in GDM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1526-1539. [PMID: 38127956 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pancreatic β-cell function impairment is a key mechanism for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal and placental exosomes regulate maternal and placental responses during hyperglycemia. Studies have associated exosomal micro-RNAs (miRNAs) with GDM development. To date, no studies have been reported that evaluate the profile of miRNAs present in maternal and placental exosomes in the early stages of gestation from pregnancies that develop GDM. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether early-pregnancy serum maternal and placenta-derived exosomes miRNA profiles vary according to pancreatic β-cell function in women who will develop GDM. METHODS A prospective nested case-control study was used to identify exosomal miRNAs that vary in early-pregnancy stages (<18 weeks of gestation) from women with normoglycemia and those who developed GDM based on their pancreatic β-cell function using the homeostasis model assessment of pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-%β) index. Early-pregnancy serum maternal and placenta-derived exosomes were isolated to obtain miRNA profiles. Potential target and pathway analyses were performed to identify molecular and metabolic pathways associated with the exosomal miRNAs identified. RESULTS In early-pregnancy stages, serum maternal exosome size and concentration are modified in GDM group and fluctuate according to HOMA-%β index. Serum maternal exosomal hsa-miR-149-3p and hsa-miR-455-3p in GDM are related to insulin secretion and signaling, lipolysis, and adipocytokine signaling. Early-pregnancy serum placenta-derived exosomes hsa-miR-3665 and hsa-miR-6727-5p in GDM are related to regulating genes involved in response to immunological tolerance of pregnancy and pathways associated with placental dysfunction. CONCLUSION Early serum exosomal miRNAs differ depending on their origin (maternal or placental) and pancreatic β-cell function. This research provides insights into the interactions between maternal and placental exosomal miRNAs and may have implications for identifying potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Razo-Azamar
- Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN) en el Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), 14330 CDMX, México
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080 CDMX, México
| | - Rafael Nambo-Venegas
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Enfermedades Crónicas Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), 14610 CDMX, México
| | - Iván Rafael Quevedo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y de Alimentos (DIQIA), Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México (UIA), 01219 CDMX, México
| | - Gregorio Juárez-Luna
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y de Alimentos (DIQIA), Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México (UIA), 01219 CDMX, México
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, 8320000 Santiago, Chile
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080 CDMX, México
| | - Berenice Palacios-González
- Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN) en el Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), 14330 CDMX, México
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Parenti M, Schmidt RJ, Tancredi DJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Walker CK, Slupsky CM. Neurodevelopment and Metabolism in the Maternal-Placental-Fetal Unit. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2413399. [PMID: 38805224 PMCID: PMC11134213 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Disturbances in maternal, placental, and fetal metabolism are associated with developmental outcomes. Associations of maternal, placental, and fetal metabolism with subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes in the child are understudied. Objective To investigate the metabolic associations within the maternal-placental-fetal unit and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes in younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was conducted within a subset of the Markers of Autism Risk in Babies, Learning Early Signs (MARBLES) cohort. MARBLES is a prospective birth cohort of younger siblings of children with ASD assessed for neurodevelopmental outcomes at approximately age 36 months. Participants in MARBLES were recruited through the UC Davis MIND Institute. This subset of the MARBLES cohort included younger siblings born between 2009 and 2015. Maternal third trimester serum, placental tissue, and umbilical cord serum samples were collected from participants. Only pregnancies with at least 2 of these sample types were included in this analysis. Data analysis was conducted from March 1, 2023, to March 15, 2024. Exposures Quantitative metabolomics analysis was conducted on maternal third trimester serum, as well as placental tissue and umbilical cord serum collected at delivery. Main Outcomes and Measures Using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and Mullen Scales of Early Learning, outcomes were classified as ASD, other nontypical development (non-TD), and typical development (TD). Results This analysis included 100 maternal serum samples, 141 placental samples, and 124 umbilical cord serum samples from 152 pregnancies (median [IQR] maternal age, 34.6 [30.8-38.3] years; median [IQR] gestational age, 39.0 [38.6-39.7] weeks; 87 [57.2%] male infants). There was no evidence that the maternal third trimester serum metabolome was significantly associated with the other metabolomes. The placental and cord serum metabolomes were highly correlated (first latent variate pair: R2 = 0.75; P < .001) and the variate scores for each tissue were significantly associated with reduced risk of non-TD (placenta: relative risk [RR], 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-0.71; cord: RR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.70) but not ASD (placenta: RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.42-2.81; cord: RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.23-1.73) compared with the TD reference group. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of children with high familial risk of ASD, placental and cord serum metabolism at delivery were highly correlated. Furthermore, placental and cord serum metabolic profiles were associated with risk of non-TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Parenti
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis
- Now with Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Daniel J. Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Cheryl K. Walker
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Carolyn M. Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis
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7
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Skochko S, Nahmias J, Lekawa M, Kong A, Schubl S, Swentek L, Grigorian A. Blunt Abdominal Trauma in Pregnancy: Higher Rates of Severe Abdominal Injuries. Am Surg 2024:31348241248790. [PMID: 38676625 DOI: 10.1177/00031348241248790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest increased abdominal girth in obese individuals provides a "cushion effect," against severe abdominal trauma. In comparison, the unique anatomic/physiological condition of pregnancy, such as the upward displacement of organs by an expanding uterus, may decrease risk of abdominal injury. However, increased overall blood volume and vascularity of organs during pregnancy raise concerns for increased bleeding and potentially more severe injuries. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate whether the "cushion effect" observed in obese patients extends to pregnant trauma patients (PTPs). We hypothesized a lower risk of blunt solid organ injury (BSOI) (liver, spleen, and kidney) in pregnant vs non-pregnant blunt trauma patients. METHODS The 2020-2021 Trauma Quality Improvement Program was queried for all female blunt trauma patients (age<50 years) involved in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). We compared pregnant vs non-pregnant patients. The primary outcomes were incidence of BSOI, and severity of abdominal trauma defined by abbreviated injury scale (AIS). RESULTS From 94,831 female patients, 2598 (2.7%) were pregnant. When compared to non-pregnant patients, PTPs had lower rates of liver (5.5% vs 7.6%, P < .001) and kidney (1.8% vs 2.6%, P = .013) injury. However, PTPs had higher rates of serious (13.4% vs 9.0%, P < .001) and severe abdominal injury (7.5% vs 4.3%, P < .001). DISCUSSION BSOI occurred at a lower rate in PTPs compared to non-PTPs; however, contrary to the "cushion effect" observed in obese populations, pregnant women had a higher rate of severe abdominal injuries. These data support comprehensive evaluations for PTPs presenting after a MVC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV (therapeutic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Skochko
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jeffry Nahmias
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Michael Lekawa
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Allen Kong
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Schubl
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Lourdes Swentek
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Areg Grigorian
- Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
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8
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McElwain CJ, Manna S, Musumeci A, Sylvester I, Rouchon C, O'Callaghan AM, Ebad MAB, McCarthy FP, McCarthy CM. Defective Visceral Adipose Tissue Adaptation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1275-1284. [PMID: 38035802 PMCID: PMC11031241 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex obstetric condition affecting localized glucose metabolism, resulting in systemic metabolic dysfunction. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to explore visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an integral contributor to GDM, focusing on elucidating the specific contribution of obesity and GDM pathology to maternal outcomes. METHODS Fifty-six nulliparous pregnant women were recruited, including normal glucose tolerant (NGT) (n = 30) and GDM (n = 26) participants. Participants were subgrouped as nonobese (BMI <30 kg/m2) or obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Metabolic markers in circulation, VAT, and placenta were determined. Morphological analysis of VAT and immunoblotting of the insulin signaling cascade were performed. RESULTS GDM participants demonstrated hyperinsulinemia and elevated homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores relative to NGT participants. The GDM-obese subgroup had significant VAT adipocyte hypoplasia relative to NGT-nonobese tissue. GDM-obese VAT had significantly lower insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2 expression, with elevated ser312 phosphorylation of IRS-1, relative to NGT-nonobese. GDM-obese participants had significantly elevated circulating leptin levels and placental adipsin secretion, while GDM-nonobese participants had elevated circulating adipsin levels with reduced placental adiponectin secretion. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that GDM-obese pregnancy is specifically characterized by inadequate VAT remodeling and dysfunctional molecular signaling, which contribute to insulin resistance and hinder metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm J McElwain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Samprikta Manna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork T12DC4A, Ireland
| | - Andrea Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Isaac Sylvester
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Chloé Rouchon
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Anne Marie O'Callaghan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Mustafa Abdalla Bakhit Ebad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Fergus P McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork T12DC4A, Ireland
| | - Cathal M McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork T12XF62, Ireland
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9
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Qian L, Beers JL, Jackson KD, Zhou Z. CBD and THC in Special Populations: Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:484. [PMID: 38675145 PMCID: PMC11054161 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid use has surged in the past decade, with a growing interest in expanding cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) applications into special populations. Consequently, the increased use of CBD and THC raises the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Nevertheless, DDIs for cannabinoids, especially in special populations, remain inadequately investigated. While some clinical trials have explored DDIs between therapeutic drugs like antiepileptic drugs and CBD/THC, more potential interactions remain to be examined. This review summarizes the published studies on CBD and THC-drug interactions, outlines the mechanisms involved, discusses the physiological considerations in pharmacokinetics (PK) and DDI studies in special populations (including pregnant and lactating women, pediatrics, older adults, patients with hepatic or renal impairments, and others), and presents modeling approaches that can describe the DDIs associated with CBD and THC in special populations. The PK of CBD and THC in special populations remain poorly characterized, with limited studies investigating DDIs involving CBD/THC in these populations. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate potential DDIs between CBD/THC and medications that are commonly used in special populations. Modeling approaches can aid in understanding these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Qian
- Department of Chemistry, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, NY 11451, USA;
| | - Jessica L. Beers
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA (K.D.J.)
| | - Klarissa D. Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA (K.D.J.)
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, York College, City University of New York, Jamaica, NY 11451, USA;
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10
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Thornton JM, Shah NM, Lillycrop KA, Cui W, Johnson MR, Singh N. Multigenerational diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1245899. [PMID: 38288471 PMCID: PMC10822950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1245899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) changes the maternal metabolic and uterine environment, thus increasing the risk of short- and long-term adverse outcomes for both mother and child. Children of mothers who have GDM during their pregnancy are more likely to develop Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), early-onset cardiovascular disease and GDM when they themselves become pregnant, perpetuating a multigenerational increased risk of metabolic disease. The negative effect of GDM is exacerbated by maternal obesity, which induces a greater derangement of fetal adipogenesis and growth. Multiple factors, including genetic, epigenetic and metabolic, which interact with lifestyle factors and the environment, are likely to contribute to the development of GDM. Genetic factors are particularly important, with 30% of women with GDM having at least one parent with T2D. Fetal epigenetic modifications occur in response to maternal GDM, and may mediate both multi- and transgenerational risk. Changes to the maternal metabolome in GDM are primarily related to fatty acid oxidation, inflammation and insulin resistance. These might be effective early biomarkers allowing the identification of women at risk of GDM prior to the development of hyperglycaemia. The impact of the intra-uterine environment on the developing fetus, "developmental programming", has a multisystem effect, but its influence on adipogenesis is particularly important as it will determine baseline insulin sensitivity, and the response to future metabolic challenges. Identifying the critical window of metabolic development and developing effective interventions are key to our ability to improve population metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Thornton
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nishel M. Shah
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Johnson
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Singh
- Department of Academic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Alves-Silva T, Húngaro TG, Freitas-Lima LC, de Melo Arthur G, Arruda AC, Santos RB, Oyama LM, Mori MA, Bader M, Araujo RC. Kinin B1 receptor controls maternal adiponectin levels and influences offspring weight gain. iScience 2023; 26:108409. [PMID: 38058311 PMCID: PMC10696114 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of the kinin B1 receptor in insulin and leptin hormonal regulation, which in turn is crucial in maternal adaptations to ensure nutrient supply to the fetus, we investigated the role of this receptor in maternal metabolism and fetoplacental development. Wild-type and kinin B1 receptor-deficient (B1KO) female mice were mated with male mice of the opposite genotype. Consequently, the entire litter was heterozygous for kinin B1 receptor, ensuring that there would be no influence of offspring genotype on the maternal phenotype. Maternal kinin B1 receptor blockade reduces adiponectin secretion by adipose tissue ex vivo, consistent with lower adiponectin levels in pregnant B1KO mice. Furthermore, fasting insulinemia also increased, which was associated with placental insulin resistance, reduced placental glycogen accumulation, and heavier offspring. Therefore, we propose the combination of chronic hyperinsulinemia and reduced adiponectin secretion in B1KO female mice create a maternal obesogenic environment that results in heavier pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Alves-Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Molecular Biology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Talita G.R. Húngaro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Nephrology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Leandro C. Freitas-Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Molecular Biology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Melo Arthur
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Molecular Biology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Adriano C. Arruda
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Nephrology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Raisa B. Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Nephrology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Lila M. Oyama
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Physiology Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-901, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A.S. Mori
- Laboratory of Aging Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronaldo C. Araujo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Molecular Biology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Nephrology Program, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
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12
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Yano A, Liu S, Suzuki Y, Imai M, Mogi M, Sugiyama T. Single-cell transcriptomic architecture and cellular communication circuits of parametrial adipose tissue in pregnant mice. Life Sci 2023; 334:122214. [PMID: 37907153 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The activity and interactions of cellular subpopulations in the adipose tissue microenvironment are critical for the coordination of local and systemic adaptation during pregnancy. With a particular interest in parametrial adipose tissue (PmAT), single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to unveil the gestative cellular composition and functional shift. MATERIALS AND METHODS To identify cell-type-enriched transcriptome profiles, a total of 18,074 cells in adipose tissue were studied. The cell populations were cataloged, and signaling crosstalk between adipocytes and other composition factions via soluble and membrane-bound factors were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS A marked decline of pregnancy adipocytes and relative elevation of non-adipocyte fractions were observed. A subpopulation of adipocytes, Adipo_5, with unique properties in the response to estrogen and the embryonic processes involved in pregnancy, was defined. Interactome analysis revealed the potential contribution of PmAT to the establishment of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. During gestation, adipocytes shut down outgoing signaling, resulting in deterioration of the resistin-related incoming signaling network in B cells, which would therefore benefit tissue-specific maternal-fetal tolerance. Furthermore, a subpopulation of adipocytes, Aipo_2, was also considered to take part in a paradigm shift in the process of pregnancy-induced chemical stiffness-triggered vesicular remodeling via the THBS signaling pathway network. SIGNIFICANCE These data-derived findings will encourage investigation into the role of pregnant PmTA in pregnancy-related immunological, hypertensive and metabolic disorders, with the ultimate goal of establishing preventive strategies to mitigate these pregnancy-related health challenges. This translational aspect of our work holds significant promise for improving maternal and fetal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yano
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan; Research Division, Saiseikai Research Institute of Health Care and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matome Imai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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13
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de Oliveira PB, Zochio GP, Caetano ESP, da Silva MLS, Dias-Junior CA. Vasodilator Responses of Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Derived Hydrogen Sulfide Stimulated with L-Cysteine in Pregnancy Hypertension-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1919. [PMID: 38001772 PMCID: PMC10669374 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO)-induced vasodilation is impaired in pregnancy hypertension. However, the role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT)-derived hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as an alternative for counteracting vascular dysfunction, is incompletely clear in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Therefore, PVAT-derived H2S-induced vasodilation was investigated in pregnancy hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction. Non-pregnant (Non-Preg) and pregnant (Preg) rats were submitted (or not) to the deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-salt protocol and assigned as follows (n = 10/group): Non-Preg, Non-Preg+DOCA, Preg, and Preg+DOCA groups. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), angiogenesis-related factors, determinant levels of H2S (PbS), NO (NOx), and oxidative stress (MDA) were assessed. Vascular changes were recorded in thoracic aortas with PVAT and endothelium (intact and removed layers). Vasorelaxation responses to the substrate (L-cysteine) for the H2S-producing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) were examined in the absence and presence of CSE-inhibitor DL-propargylglycine (PAG) in thoracic aorta rings pre-incubated with cofactor for CSE (pyridoxal-5 phosphate: PLP) and pre-contracted with phenylephrine. Hypertension was only found in the Preg+DOCA group. Preg+DOCA rats showed angiogenic imbalances and increased levels of MDA. PbS, but not NOx, showed increased levels in the Preg+DOCA group. Pre-incubation with PLP and L-cysteine elevated determinants of H2S in PVAT and placentas of Preg-DOCA rats, whereas no changes were found in the aortas without PVAT. Aortas of Preg-DOCA rats showed that PVAT-derived H2S-dependent vasodilation was greater compared to endothelium-derived H2S, whereas PAG blocked these responses. PVAT-derived H2S endogenously stimulated with the amino acid L-cysteine may be an alternative to induce vasorelaxation in endothelial dysfunction related to pregnancy hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Bianca de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil; (P.B.d.O.); (G.P.Z.); (E.S.P.C.); (M.L.S.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Marília Medical School (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Palma Zochio
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil; (P.B.d.O.); (G.P.Z.); (E.S.P.C.); (M.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Edileia Souza Paula Caetano
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil; (P.B.d.O.); (G.P.Z.); (E.S.P.C.); (M.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Maria Luiza Santos da Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil; (P.B.d.O.); (G.P.Z.); (E.S.P.C.); (M.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Carlos Alan Dias-Junior
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil; (P.B.d.O.); (G.P.Z.); (E.S.P.C.); (M.L.S.d.S.)
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14
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Saucedo R, Peña-Cano MI, Díaz-Velázquez MF, Ferreira-Hermosillo A, Solis-Paredes JM, Camacho-Arroyo I, Valencia-Ortega J. Gestational Weight Gain Is Associated with the Expression of Genes Involved in Inflammation in Maternal Visceral Adipose Tissue and Offspring Anthropometric Measures. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6766. [PMID: 37959231 PMCID: PMC10650626 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is essential for maternal and fetal health. GWG may be a sign of higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accretion. A higher proportion of VAT is associated with an inflammatory process that may play a role in the fetal programming of obesity. This study aimed to (1) compare the expression of genes involved in inflammatory responses (TLR2, TLR4, NFκB, IKKβ, IL-1RA, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) in the VAT of pregnant women according to GWG and (2) explore whether VAT inflammation and GWG are related to offspring anthropometric measures. MATERIAL AND METHODS 50 women scheduled for cesarean section who delivered term infants were included in the study. We collected maternal omental VAT, and the expression of genes was examined with RT-qPCR. RESULTS Women with excessive and with adequate GWG had significantly higher expressions of most inflammatory genes than women with insufficient GWG. Neonates from mothers with excessive GWG had greater birth weight and chest circumference than those from mothers with insufficient GWG. GWG was positively correlated with fetal birth weight. CONCLUSIONS The VAT expression of most genes associated with inflammatory pathways was higher in excessive and adequate GWG than in pregnant women with insufficient GWG. Moreover, GWG was found to be positively associated with newborn weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Saucedo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.S.); (A.F.-H.)
| | - María Isabel Peña-Cano
- Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia 221, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca 50000, Mexico;
| | - Mary Flor Díaz-Velázquez
- Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia 3, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 02990, Mexico;
| | - Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.S.); (A.F.-H.)
| | - Juan Mario Solis-Paredes
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Valencia-Ortega
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
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15
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Meyer BJ, Cortie C, Dekker-Nitert M, Barrett HL, Freeman DJ. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus, controlled for plasma glucose level, exhibit maternal and fetal dyslipidaemia that may warrant treatment. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 204:110929. [PMID: 37783345 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare maternal and fetal cord plasma and lipoprotein triglyceride (TG) concentrations in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), with hyperglycaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia, and healthy women. METHODS Fasted maternal blood at 28.6 ± 3.4 (T1) and 36.2 ± 1.0 (T2) [mean ± S.D] weeks of gestation, and cord blood were collected. Plasma lipoprotein fractions underwent compositional analysis. RESULTS Plasma glucose did not differ between GDM and healthy women. T1 maternal plasma TG (2.60 ± 0.89 mmol/l versus 1.71 ± 0.69 mmol/l) and plasma apolipoprotein B (1.30 ± 0.48 g/l versus 0.75 ± 0.40 g/l) were higher in GDM compared to healthy. Maternal plasma TG increased over gestation in both groups. T1 plasma VLDL total protein (38 ± 15 mg/dl versus 25 ± 11 mg/dl), total cholesterol (TC) (30 ± 14 mg/dl versus 16 ± 13 mg/dl) and phospholipid (PL) (43 ± 17 mg/dl versus 26 ± 16 mg/dl) were higher in GDM than healthy, and similarly for IDL, suggesting increased lipoprotein particle number. T1 VLDL-TG enrichment was higher in healthy and increased over gestation in GDM women but decreased in healthy. IDL-TG enrichment (TG/TC) increased over gestation in women with GDM and decreased in healthy. Cord blood VLDL, IDL and LDL from GDM had a two-fold higher TG enrichment than healthy pregnancy. CONCLUSION Increased maternal lipoprotein number, but not TG enrichment, in GDM mothers may explain TG enrichment of cord lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Meyer
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Science, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Molecular Horizons, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Colin Cortie
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marloes Dekker-Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Helen L Barrett
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Obstetric Medicine, Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
| | - Dilys J Freeman
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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16
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Valencia-Ortega J, Solis-Paredes JM, Saucedo R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Camacho-Arroyo I. Excessive Pregestational Weight and Maternal Obstetric Complications: The Role of Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14678. [PMID: 37834125 PMCID: PMC10572963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a high frequency of overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age. Women who start pregnancy with overweight or obesity have an increased risk of developing maternal obstetric complications such as gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, postpartum hemorrhage, and requiring C-section to resolve the pregnancy with a higher risk of C-section surgical site infection. Excessive weight in pregnancy is characterized by dysregulation of adipokines, the functions of which partly explain the predisposition of pregnant women with overweight or obesity to these maternal obstetric complications. This review compiles, organizes, and analyzes the most recent studies on adipokines in pregnant women with excess weight and the potential pathophysiological mechanisms favoring the development of maternal pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Valencia-Ortega
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Juan Mario Solis-Paredes
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - Renata Saucedo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | | | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
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17
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de Lima Castro M, Dos Passos RR, Justina VD, do Amaral WN, Giachini FR. Physiological and pathological evidence of O-GlcNAcylation regulation during pregnancy related process. Placenta 2023; 141:43-50. [PMID: 37210277 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification (PTM) controlled by the enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Changes in its expression lead to a breakdown in cellular homeostasis, which is linked to several pathological processes. Placentation and embryonic development are periods of high cell activity, and imbalances in cell signaling pathways can result in infertility, miscarriage, or pregnancy complications. O-GlcNAcylation is involved in cellular processes such as genome maintenance, epigenetic regulation, protein synthesis/degradation, metabolic pathways, signaling pathways, apoptosis, and stress response. Trophoblastic differentiation/invasion and placental vasculogenesis, as well as zygote viability and embryonic neuronal development, are all dependent on O-GlcNAcylation. This PTM is required for pluripotency, which is a required condition for embryonic development. Further, this pathway is a nutritional sensor and cell stress marker, which is primarily measured by the OGT enzyme and its product, protein O-GlcNAcylation. Yet, this post-translational modification is enrolled in metabolic and cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy. Finally, evidence of how O-GlcNAc impacts pregnancy during pathological conditions such as hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes, hypertension, and stress disorders are reviewed. Considering this scenario, progress in understanding the role of O- GlcNAcylation in pregnancy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta de Lima Castro
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Rodrigues Dos Passos
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Waldemar Naves do Amaral
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil.
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18
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Jha A, Baumann N, Shadid I, Shah J, Chen YCS, Lee-Sarwar KA, Zeiger RS, O'Connor GT, Bacharier LB, Carey VJ, Laranjo N, Fichorova RN, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Mirzakhani H. The relationship of fetal sex and maternal race and ethnicity with early and late pregnancy C-reactive protein and interleukin-8. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13746. [PMID: 37491932 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Promotion of a healthy pregnancy is dependent on a coordinated immune response that minimizes inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface. Few studies investigated the effect of fetal sex on proinflammatory biomarkers during pregnancy and whether maternal race could impact this association. We aimed to examine whether fetal sex could, independently of maternal race/ethnicity and the condition of pregnancy (normal vs. complicated), impact inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] and interleukin-8 [IL-8] levels) in early and late pregnancy. METHODS OF STUDY This study was a cohort analysis using prospectively collected data from pregnant women who participated in the Vitamin Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART, N = 816). Maternal serum CRP and IL-8 levels were measured in early and late pregnancy (10-18 and 32-38 weeks of gestation, respectively). Five hundred and twenty-eight out of 816 pregnant women who participated in the trial had available CRP and IL-8 measurements at both study time points. We examined the association of fetal sex with early and late CRP and IL-8 levels and their paired sample difference. We further investigated whether maternal race/ethnicity, pregnancy complications (i.e., preeclampsia and gestational diabetes), and early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) could affect the association between these two biomarkers and fetal sex adjusting for potential confounders. For this purpose, we used generalized linear and logistic regression models on log-normalized early and late CRP and IL-8 levels as well as their split at median to form high and low groups. RESULTS Women pregnant with male fetuses (266/528 = 56.5%) had higher CRP levels in early to mid-pregnancy (β = .18: 95% confidence interval [CI]: CI = 0.03-0.32; p = .02). Twenty-seven percent (143/528) of the study subjects were Hispanic. Hispanic African American [AA] women and women of races other than White and AA had higher levels of CRP at early to mid-pregnancy compared with White women (β = .57; 95% CI: 0.17-0.97; p < .01 and β = .27; 95% CI: 0.05-0.48; p = .02, respectively). IL-8 levels were not associated with fetal sex in early and late pregnancy (p's > .05). Other factors such as gestational diabetes and early pregnancy BMI were associated with higher CRP levels and higher CRP and IL-8 levels, respectively. Dichotomizing log-normalized cytokine levels at the median in a sensitivity analysis, women with male fetuses had lower odds of high (above-median) IL-8 levels at early pregnancy. Also, women with races other than AA and White carrying male fetuses had higher odds of having high (above-median) late-pregnancy CRP and early-pregnancy IL-8 levels (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.80, 95% CI: 0.24-1.23; p = .02 and aOR = 3.57; 95% CI: 0.23-1.03; p = .02, respectively). Of the pregnancy complications, women with gestational diabetes mellitus had a higher paired difference of early and late pregnancy CRP levels (β = .38; 95% CI: 0.09-0.68; p = .01), but no difference in IL-8 levels (p's > .05). No associations between the inflammatory markers and preeclampsia were found. CONCLUSION Fetal sex is associated with CRP in early pregnancy and an association with IL-8 in early pregnancy is implied. Our study further indicates that maternal race/ethnicity could be a contributing factor in the relationship between fetal sex and inflammatory responses during pregnancy. However, the specificity and level of the contribution might vary by type of cytokine, pregnancy stage, and other confounding factors such as BMI that may impact these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Jha
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noah Baumann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Iskander Shadid
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jhill Shah
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yih-Chieh S Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen A Lee-Sarwar
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - George T O'Connor
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raina N Fichorova
- Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Benchahong S, Sunsaneevithayakul P, Boriboonhirunsarn D. The Association Between Body Fat Index and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e39615. [PMID: 37388597 PMCID: PMC10299897 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) has commonly been used to evaluate the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but BMI does not always represent body fat mass distribution. Body fat index (BFI), which includes the measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), has been suggested to be a better predictor for GDM than BMI. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to compare the risk of GDM among pregnant females with BFI of >0.5 and ≤0.5. METHODS Maternal abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness were measured by ultrasonography before 14 weeks of gestation, and BFI was calculated (VAT×SAT/height). The study group was 160 females with BFI of >0.5, and the comparison group was 80 females with BFI of ≤0.5. All females received GDM screening during the first antenatal visit and at 24-28 weeks of gestation. The rate of GDM was compared between the two groups. The correlation between BFI and BMI and their diagnostic ability for GDM were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent associated factors for GDM. RESULTS Females with BFI of >0.5 were significantly older (p=0.033) and had higher body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001) and were more likely to be overweight or obese (p<0.001). BFI correlated well with BMI (correlation coefficient of 0.736, p<0.001). GDM was significantly more common in females with BFI of >0.5 (24.4% versus 11.3%, p=0.017). The diagnostic ability for GDM between BFI and BMI was similar (areas under receiver operating characteristic {ROC} curves of 0.641 and 0.646, respectively). Significant independent risk factors for GDM were a BFI of >0.5 and a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio {OR}, 3.8; 95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.5-9.2), age of ≥30 years (adjusted OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2-6.4), and family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (adjusted OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.9-8.3). CONCLUSION Females with BFI of >0.5 were significantly more likely to have GDM. The diagnostic ability of BFI and BMI for GDM was comparable. Females with BFI of >0.5 and BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 have an increased risk for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawanya Benchahong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THA
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20
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Yanachkova V, Staynova R, Stankova T, Kamenov Z. Placental Growth Factor and Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A as Potential Early Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020398. [PMID: 36837599 PMCID: PMC9961527 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications and one of the main causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes. An early diagnosis of GDM is of fundamental importance in clinical practice. However, the major professional organizations recommend universal screening for GDM, using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks of gestation. A selective screening at an early stage of pregnancy is recommended only if there are maternal risk factors for diabetes. As a result, the GDM diagnosis is often delayed and established after the appearance of complications. The manifestation of GDM is directly related to insulin resistance, which is closely associated with endothelial dysfunction. The placenta, the placental peptides and hormones play a pivotal role in the manifestation and progression of insulin resistance during pregnancy. Recently, the placental growth factor (PlGF) and plasma-associated protein-A (PAPP-A), have been shown to significantly affect both insulin sensitivity and endothelial function. The principal function of PAPP-A appears to be the cleavage of circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 while PlGF has been shown to play a central role in the development and maturation of the placental vascular system and circulation. On one hand, these factors are widely used as early predictors (11-13 weeks of gestation) of complications during pregnancy, such as preeclampsia and fetal aneuploidies, in most countries. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence for their predictive role in the development of carbohydrate disorders, but some studies are rather controversial. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the available literature about the potential of serum levels of PlGF and PAPP-A as early predictors in the diagnosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesselina Yanachkova
- Department of Endocrinology, Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology “Dr Shterev”, 1330 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radiana Staynova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Stankova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Alexandrovska”, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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21
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Moyce Gruber BL, Dolinsky VW. The Role of Adiponectin during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:301. [PMID: 36836658 PMCID: PMC9958871 DOI: 10.3390/life13020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy involves a range of metabolic adaptations to supply adequate energy for fetal growth and development. Gestational diabetes (GDM) is defined as hyperglycemia with first onset during pregnancy. GDM is a recognized risk factor for both pregnancy complications and long-term maternal and offspring risk of cardiometabolic disease development. While pregnancy changes maternal metabolism, GDM can be viewed as a maladaptation by maternal systems to pregnancy, which may include mechanisms such as insufficient insulin secretion, dysregulated hepatic glucose output, mitochondrial dysfunction and lipotoxicity. Adiponectin is an adipose-tissue-derived adipokine that circulates in the body and regulates a diverse range of physiologic mechanisms including energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. In pregnant women, circulating adiponectin levels decrease correspondingly with insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin levels are low in GDM. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about metabolic adaptations to pregnancy and the role of adiponectin in these processes, with a focus on GDM. Recent studies from rodent model systems have clarified that adiponectin deficiency during pregnancy contributes to GDM development. The upregulation of adiponectin alleviates hyperglycemia in pregnant mice, although much remains to be understood for adiponectin to be utilized clinically for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Moyce Gruber
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM), Research Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Vernon W. Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM), Research Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
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22
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Deng P, Yu Q, Tang H, Lu Y, He Y. Age at Menarche Mediating Visceral Adipose Tissue's Influence on Pre-eclampsia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:405-413. [PMID: 36184738 PMCID: PMC9844965 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The association between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and pre-eclampsia (PE) shows inconsistent results and the underlying mediator remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the causal effect of VAT on PE risks and the mediation role of age at menarche (AAM) in explaining this relationship. METHODS Summary data for PE were obtained from the FinnGen genome-wide association study (3556 cases and 114 735 controls). For exposure data, 70 genetic variants associated with the predicted VAT in 161 149 European women from UK Biobank were used as instrumental variables. Inverse variance weighted and multiple sensitivity analyses were applied. We also conducted multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to test the association between VAT-associated single-nucleotide variations and PE. Next, mediation analyses were performed to study whether the association between VAT and PE was mediated via AAM. RESULTS In univariable MR analysis, higher volume of VAT was associated with the advancement of AAM and increased PE risk (beta = -0.33; 95% CI, -0.49 to -0.16 for AAM; odds ratio 1.65, 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.20 for PE). After adjusting for waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and hip circumference, the multivariable MR results presented the consistent positive causality of VAT on PE. Two-step MR analysis proved an estimated 14.3% of the positive effect of VAT on PE was mediated by AAM. CONCLUSION Our findings provided evidence of the causal relationship between VAT and PE and proved VAT could accelerate AAM and then contribute to the risk of incident PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Deng
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qingwei Yu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Haibo Tang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R2ls, UK
| | - Yingdong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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23
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Abramova M, Churnosova M, Efremova O, Aristova I, Reshetnikov E, Polonikov A, Churnosov M, Ponomarenko I. Effects of Pre-Pregnancy Overweight/Obesity on the Pattern of Association of Hypertension Susceptibility Genes with Preeclampsia. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122018. [PMID: 36556383 PMCID: PMC9784908 DOI: 10.3390/life12122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity on the pattern of association of hypertension susceptibility genes with preeclampsia (PE). Ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the 10 genome-wide association studies (GWAS)-significant hypertension/blood pressure (BP) candidate genes were genotyped in 950 pregnant women divided into two cohorts according to their pre-pregnancy body mass index (preBMI): preBMI ≥ 25 (162 with PE and 159 control) and preBMI < 25 (290 with PE and 339 control). The PLINK software package was utilized to study the association (analyzed four genetic models using logistic regression). The functionality of PE-correlated loci was analyzed by performing an in silico database analysis. Two SNP hypertension/BP genes, rs805303 BAG6 (OR: 0.36−0.66) and rs167479 RGL3 (OR: 1.86), in subjects with preBMI ≥ 25 were associated with PE. No association between the studied SNPs and PE in the preBMI < 25 group was determined. Further analysis showed that two PE-associated SNPs are functional (have weighty eQTL, sQTL, regulatory, and missense values) and could be potentially implicated in PE development. In conclusion, this study was the first to discover the modifying influence of overweight/obesity on the pattern of association of GWAS-significant hypertension/BP susceptibility genes with PE: these genes are linked with PE in preBMI ≥ 25 pregnant women and are not PE-involved in the preBMI < 25 group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abramova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Churnosova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Olesya Efremova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kharkiv National Medical University, 61022 Kharkov, Ukraine
- Grishchenko Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, 61052 Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Inna Aristova
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Reshetnikov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology and Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina Ponomarenko
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
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24
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Muñoz-Manrique C, Trejo-Valdivia B, Hernández-Cordero S, Cantoral A, Deierlein AL, Colicino E, Niedzwiecki MM, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA, Téllez-Rojo MM. Weight gain trajectories patterns from pregnancy to early postpartum: identifying women at risk and timing to prevent weight regain. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:811. [PMID: 36333677 PMCID: PMC9635073 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Woman's weight changes during pregnancy and postpartum contribute to obesity and health outcomes later in life. This study aimed to identify and characterize weight change trajectories from pregnancy to one year postpartum among adult women. Methods We used data from an ongoing cohort of healthy adult women (n = 819) with singleton pregnancies from 2007 – 2011. Sociodemographic data, pre-pregnancy body weight, and sedentary and breastfeeding practices were collected using questionaries applied by trained professionals. We applied a group-based trajectory modeling to distinguish weight change measured in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and at one month, six, and 12 months postpartum. Multinomial regression models were run to characterize each trajectory. Results We identified six weight change trajectories with the main difference in the patterns followed after one month of delivery. One in three women (36.7%) was classified in some of the three postpartum weight gain trajectories and regained weight from the second trimester of the first year postpartum. Women who followed some of these trajectories were more likely to have higher age, obesity before pregnancy, < 10 years of schooling, and partner, compared with women (10.7%, n = 87) in a postpartum sustained-fast-lost-weight trajectory (p < 0.05). Conclusions Women with obesity before pregnancy have higher odds of regaining gestational weight after delivery without reaching their pre-pregnancy weight. The first six months postpartum are crucial to establishing obesity prevention strategies. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect of the interventions that prevent substantial weight gain through reproductive years in high-risk women.
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25
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Boulet N, Briot A, Galitzky J, Bouloumié A. The Sexual Dimorphism of Human Adipose Depots. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2615. [PMID: 36289874 PMCID: PMC9599294 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The amount and the distribution of body fat exhibit trajectories that are sex- and human species-specific and both are determinants for health. The enhanced accumulation of fat in the truncal part of the body as a risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is well supported by epidemiological studies. In addition, a possible independent protective role of the gluteofemoral fat compartment and of the brown adipose tissue is emerging. The present narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on sexual dimorphism in fat depot amount and repartition and consequences on cardiometabolic and reproductive health. The drivers of the sex differences and fat depot repartition, considered to be the results of complex interactions between sex determination pathways determined by the sex chromosome composition, genetic variability, sex hormones and the environment, are discussed. Finally, the inter- and intra-depot heterogeneity in adipocytes and progenitors, emphasized recently by unbiased large-scale approaches, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Bouloumié
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Team 1, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, F-31432 Toulouse, France
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26
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Cechinel LR, Batabyal RA, Freishtat RJ, Zohn IE. Parental obesity-induced changes in developmental programming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:918080. [PMID: 36274855 PMCID: PMC9585252 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.918080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies support the link between parental obesity and the predisposition to develop adult-onset metabolic syndromes that include obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes in the offspring. As the prevalence of obesity increases in persons of childbearing age, so does metabolic syndrome in their descendants. Understanding how parental obesity alters metabolic programs in the progeny, predisposing them to adult-onset metabolic syndrome, is key to breaking this cycle. This review explores the basis for altered metabolism of offspring exposed to overnutrition by focusing on critical developmental processes influenced by parental obesity. We draw from human and animal model studies, highlighting the adaptations in metabolism that occur during normal pregnancy that become maladaptive with obesity. We describe essential phases of development impacted by parental obesity that contribute to long-term alterations in metabolism in the offspring. These encompass gamete formation, placentation, adipogenesis, pancreas development, and development of brain appetite control circuits. Parental obesity alters the developmental programming of these organs in part by inducing epigenetic changes with long-term consequences on metabolism. While exposure to parental obesity during any of these phases is sufficient to alter long-term metabolism, offspring often experience multiple exposures throughout their development. These insults accumulate to increase further the susceptibility of the offspring to the obesogenic environments of modern society.
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27
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Rogers BM, Stephens JM, Sones JL. Linking Inflammatory Adipose Tissue to Placental Abnormalities in Obese Preeclamptic Pregnancies. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:319-324. [PMID: 35816649 PMCID: PMC9377783 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00041.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is characterized by maternal hypertension and proteinuria or another accompanying sign/symptom of multi-organ dysfunction. Maternal symptoms resolve with delivery of the baby and, importantly, the placenta. Therefore, the placenta plays a causal role in PE. However, the precise cause of abnormal placental development and/or function is unknown. Women with obesity have an increased risk of developing PE that is potentially related to the increased inflammation that accompanies increased maternal adiposity. Furthermore, inflammatory adipokines, i.e., leptin, have been linked to the development of systemic inflammation, hypertension, and other adverse outcomes associated with PE. Rodent models that recapitulate key pathophysiologic features of the maternal and fetal syndrome have been used translationally to study PE. This review covers inflammatory adipokines, immune cells and impaired placental development associated with PE in women and in rodent models of PE that utilize functional genomics to test causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M Rogers
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jenny L Sones
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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28
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Karasek D, Krystynik O, Kucerova V, Macakova D, Cibickova L, Schovanek J, Haluzik M. Adiponectin, A-FABP and FGF-19 Levels in Women with Early Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092417. [PMID: 35566542 PMCID: PMC9103722 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), and fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF-19) belong to proteins involved in glucose metabolism regulation. The aims of the study were to compare the plasma levels of these proteins in women with early diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to those in healthy controls and to investigate their changes during pregnancy after early intervention. Methods: The study was undertaken as a case-control study. Early GDM diagnosis was based on repeated fasting plasma glucose ≥5.1 and <7.0 mmol/L during the first trimester of pregnancy and exclusion of overt diabetes. Age-matched controls comprised healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women. In addition to adipokines, clinical parameters and measures of glucose control were assessed. Results: Women with GDM (n = 23) had significantly lower adiponectin and higher A-FABP levels compared to healthy pregnant (n = 29) or non-pregnant (n = 25) controls, while no significant differences in FGF-19 between the groups were found. The therapeutic intervention shifted adiponectin and A-FABP levels in GDM women towards concentrations of healthy pregnant controls. Adipokines were associated with visceral adiposity and glucose control. Conclusion: Women with GDM showed altered adipokine production even in the first trimester of pregnancy. Early therapeutic intervention not only improved glucose control but also normalized impaired adipokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Karasek
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-585-855-8595
| | - Ondrej Krystynik
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Veronika Kucerova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Dominika Macakova
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Lubica Cibickova
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Schovanek
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital and Palacky University, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (D.M.); (L.C.); (J.S.)
| | - Martin Haluzik
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Panera N, Mandato C, Crudele A, Bertrando S, Vajro P, Alisi A. Genetics, epigenetics and transgenerational transmission of obesity in children. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1006008. [PMID: 36452324 PMCID: PMC9704419 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1006008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle and consumption of high-calorie foods have caused a relentless increase of overweight and obesity prevalence at all ages. Its presently epidemic proportion is disquieting due to the tight relationship of obesity with metabolic syndrome and several other comorbidities which do call for urgent workarounds. The usual ineffectiveness of present therapies and failure of prevention campaigns triggered overtime a number of research studies which have unveiled some relevant aspects of obesity genetic and epigenetic inheritable profiles. These findings are revealing extremely precious mainly to serve as a likely extra arrow to allow the clinician's bow to achieve still hitherto unmet preventive goals. Evidence now exists that maternal obesity/overnutrition during pregnancy and lactation convincingly appears associated with several disorders in the offspring independently of the transmission of a purely genetic predisposition. Even the pre-conception direct exposure of either father or mother gametes to environmental factors can reprogram the epigenetic architecture of cells. Such phenomena lie behind the transfer of the obesity susceptibility to future generations through a mechanism of epigenetic inheritance. Moreover, a growing number of studies suggests that several environmental factors such as maternal malnutrition, hypoxia, and exposure to excess hormones and endocrine disruptors during pregnancy and the early postnatal period may play critical roles in programming childhood adipose tissue and obesity. A deeper understanding of how inherited genetics and epigenetics may generate an obesogenic environment at pediatric age might strengthen our knowledge about pathogenetic mechanisms and improve the clinical management of patients. Therefore, in this narrative review, we attempt to provide a general overview of the contribution of heritable genetic and epigenetic patterns to the obesity susceptibility in children, placing a particular emphasis on the mother-child dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Panera
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Mandato
- Pediatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Alisi, ; Claudia Mandato,
| | - Annalisa Crudele
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bertrando
- Pediatrics Clinic, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pietro Vajro
- Pediatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salermo, Italy
| | - Anna Alisi
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Alisi, ; Claudia Mandato,
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MATERNAL ADIPOKINES AND INSULIN AS BIOMARKERS OF OBSTETRIC AND PERINATAL PATHOLOGY IN OVERWEIGHT WOMEN. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2022-4-82-133-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Strauss A. Obesity in pregnant women: maternal, fetal, and transgenerational consequences. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1681-1683. [PMID: 34702963 PMCID: PMC8636246 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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