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Zhao X, Zhu Z, Sang Z, Ma L, Yin Q, Jia Z. Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Demonstrate the Ca 2+-Mediated Alleviation of Salt Stress in Magnolia wufengensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2418. [PMID: 39273902 PMCID: PMC11396891 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Magnolia wufengensis, a newly discovered ornamental species in the Magnoliaceae family, is susceptible to salinity. Moreover, Ca2+ is an essential element for plant growth and is receiving increasing attention for its ability to mitigate the negative effects of environmental stress on plants. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Ca2+ on the growth and transcriptome of M. wufengensis under salt stress. The treatments used here were as follows: control, NaCl (150 mmol/L), CaCl2 (5 mmol/L), and NaCl (150 mmol/L) + CaCl2 (5 mmol/L). After a 60-day treatment period, plant growth indices were determined, and leaves were collected for physiological analysis and transcriptome investigation. The combined application of NaCl and CaCl2 alleviated phenotypic damage and restored seedling growth. Moreover, RNA sequencing data revealed that in the Na vs. control group and the NaCa vs. Na group, there were 968 and 2632 differentially expressed genes, respectively, which were both primarily enriched in secondary metabolism, glutathione metabolism, signaling hormone metabolism, glucose metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. These pathways were analyzed to screen key genes: the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporter G1 (ABCG1) genes, which are related to transmembrane transport; the calmodulin genes, which are related to signal transmission; and the glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and peroxidase (POD) genes related to antioxidant enzymes. Lastly, we constructed a hypothesis model of Ca2+-enhanced salt tolerance in M. wufengensis. This study reveals the potential mechanisms by which Ca2+ enhances the salt tolerance of M. wufengensis and provides a theoretical reference for its cultivation in saline areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonglong Zhu
- College of Agriculture, HuBei Three Gorges Polytechnic, Yichang 443199, China
| | - Ziyang Sang
- Forest Science Research Institute of Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County, Yichang 443400, China
| | - Luyi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhongkui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Magnolia wufengensis Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Hammes UZ, Pedersen BP. Structure and Function of Auxin Transporters. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:185-209. [PMID: 38211951 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070523-034109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Auxins, a group of central hormones in plant growth and development, are transported by a diverse range of transporters with distinct biochemical and structural properties. This review summarizes the current knowledge on all known auxin transporters with respect to their biochemical and biophysical properties and the methods used to characterize them. In particular, we focus on the recent advances that were made concerning the PIN-FORMED family of auxin exporters. Insights derived from solving their structures have improved our understanding of the auxin export process, and we discuss the current state of the art on PIN-mediated auxin transport, including the use of biophysical methods to examine their properties. Understanding the mechanisms of auxin transport is crucial for understanding plant growth and development, as well as for the development of more effective strategies for crop production and plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Z Hammes
- School of Life Sciences, Plant Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany;
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3
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Wang W, Li Y, Yang S, Wu J, Ma C, Chen Y, Sun X, Wu L, Liang X, Fu Q, Xu Z, Li L, Huang Z, Zhu J, Jia X, Ye X, Chen R. Stress response membrane protein OsSMP2 negatively regulates rice tolerance to drought. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3300-3321. [PMID: 38447063 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In a gene chip analysis, rice (Oryza sativa) OsSMP2 gene expression was induced under various abiotic stresses, prompting an investigation into its role in drought resistance and abscisic acid signaling. Subsequent experiments, including qRT-PCR and β-glucuronidase activity detection, affirmed the OsSMP2 gene's predominant induction by drought stress. Subcellular localization experiments indicated the OsSMP2 protein primarily localizes to the cell membrane system. Overexpressing OsSMP2 increased sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid, reducing drought resistance and leading to reactive oxygen species accumulation under drought stress. Conversely, in simulated drought experiments, OsSMP2-silenced transgenic plants showed significantly longer roots compared with the wild-type Nipponbare. These results suggest that OsSMP2 overexpression negatively affects rice drought resistance, offering valuable insights into molecular mechanisms, and highlight OsSMP2 as a potential target for enhancing crop resilience to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Songjin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xingzhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiuping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhengjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhengjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University 211, Huimin Road, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaomei Jia
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University 211, Huimin Road, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoying Ye
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University 211, Huimin Road, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rongjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University of Rice Research Institute, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University 211, Huimin Road, Chengdu 611130, China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Reyer A, Bazihizina N, Jaślan J, Scherzer S, Schäfer N, Jaślan D, Becker D, Müller TD, Pommerrenig B, Neuhaus HE, Marten I, Hedrich R. Sugar beet PMT5a and STP13 carriers suitable for proton-driven plasma membrane sucrose and glucose import in taproots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:2219-2232. [PMID: 38602250 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is the major sugar-producing crop in Europe and Northern America, as the taproot stores sucrose at a concentration of around 20%. Genome sequence analysis together with biochemical and electrophysiological approaches led to the identification and characterization of the TST sucrose transporter driving vacuolar sugar accumulation in the taproot. However, the sugar transporters mediating sucrose uptake across the plasma membrane of taproot parenchyma cells remained unknown. As with glucose, sucrose stimulation of taproot parenchyma cells caused inward proton fluxes and plasma membrane depolarization, indicating a sugar/proton symport mechanism. To decipher the nature of the corresponding proton-driven sugar transporters, we performed taproot transcriptomic profiling and identified the cold-induced PMT5a and STP13 transporters. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, BvPMT5a was characterized as a voltage- and H+-driven low-affinity glucose transporter, which does not transport sucrose. In contrast, BvSTP13 operated as a high-affinity H+/sugar symporter, transporting glucose better than sucrose, and being more cold-tolerant than BvPMT5a. Modeling of the BvSTP13 structure with bound mono- and disaccharides suggests plasticity of the binding cleft to accommodate the different saccharides. The identification of BvPMT5a and BvSTP13 as taproot sugar transporters could improve breeding of sugar beet to provide a sustainable energy crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Reyer
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Justyna Jaślan
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Sönke Scherzer
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Nadine Schäfer
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Dawid Jaślan
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig Maximilians-Universität, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Thomas D Müller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, 06484, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Irene Marten
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Würzburg, 97082, Germany
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5
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González-García MP, Sáez A, Lanza M, Hoyos P, Bustillo-Avendaño E, Pacios LF, Gradillas A, Moreno-Risueno MA, Hernaiz MJ, del Pozo JC. Synthetically derived BiAux modulates auxin co-receptor activity to stimulate lateral root formation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1694-1711. [PMID: 38378170 PMCID: PMC11142373 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The root system plays an essential role in plant growth and adaptation to the surrounding environment. The root clock periodically specifies lateral root prebranch sites (PBS), where a group of pericycle founder cells (FC) is primed to become lateral root founder cells and eventually give rise to lateral root primordia or lateral roots (LRs). This clock-driven organ formation process is tightly controlled by modulation of auxin content and signaling. Auxin perception entails the physical interaction of TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1) or AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (AFBs) proteins with AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) repressors to form a co-receptor system. Despite the apparent simplicity, the understanding of how specific auxin co-receptors are assembled remains unclear. We identified the compound bis-methyl auxin conjugated with N-glucoside, or BiAux, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that specifically induces the formation of PBS and the emergence of LR, with a slight effect on root elongation. Docking analyses indicated that BiAux binds to F-box proteins, and we showed that BiAux function depends on TIR1 and AFB2 F-box proteins and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 activity, which is involved in FC specification and LR formation. Finally, using a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) heterologous expression system, we showed that BiAux favors the assemblage of specific co-receptors subunits involved in LR formation and enhances AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 28 protein degradation. These results indicate that BiAux acts as an allosteric modulator of specific auxin co-receptors. Therefore, BiAux exerts a fine-tune regulation of auxin signaling aimed to the specific formation of LR among the many development processes regulated by auxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Paz González-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Sáez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Edificio E., 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Lanza
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Hoyos
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefano Bustillo-Avendaño
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis F Pacios
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gradillas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Moreno-Risueno
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Hernaiz
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C del Pozo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC (INIA/CSIC), Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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Lu B, Wang S, Feng H, Wang J, Zhang K, Li Y, Wu P, Zhang M, Xia Y, Peng C, Li C. FERONIA-mediated TIR1/AFB2 oxidation stimulates auxin signaling in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:772-787. [PMID: 38581129 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin plays a pivotal role in governing plant growth and development. Although the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB) receptors function in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, the mechanism governing the distribution of TIR1/AFBs between these cellular compartments remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that auxin-mediated oxidation of TIR1/AFB2 is essential for their targeting to the nucleus. We showed that small active molecules, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), are indispensable for the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of TIR1/AFB2 in trichoblasts and root hairs. Further studies revealed that this process is regulated by the FERONIA receptor kinase-NADPH oxidase signaling pathway. Interestingly, ROS and NO initiate oxidative modifications in TIR1C140/516 and AFB2C135/511, facilitating their subsequent nuclear import. The oxidized forms of TIR1C140/516 and AFB2C135/511 play a crucial role in enhancing the function of TIR1 and AFB2 in transcriptional auxin responses. Collectively, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which auxin stimulates the transport of TIR1/AFB2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, orchestrated by the FERONIA-ROS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hanqian Feng
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kaixing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yilin Li
- National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Minmin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanshu Xia
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Zhu J, Chen R, Feng Q, Huang C, Huang F, Du J, Wang J, Zhan X. Mechanistic insights into auxin-enhancing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon uptake by wheat roots: Evidence from in situ intracellular pH and root-surface H + flux. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133077. [PMID: 38035525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of extremely carcinogenic organic pollutants. Our previous findings have demonstrated that plant roots actively take up PAHs through co-transport with H+ ions. Auxin serves as a pivotal regulator of plant growth and development. However, it remains unclear whether the hormone can enhance the uptake of PAHs by plant roots. Hence, the wheat root exposed to PAHs with/without auxins was set to investigate how the auxin promotes the PAHs uptake by roots. In our study, auxin could significantly enhance the uptake of PAHs after 4 h of exposure. After the addition of auxin, the root tissue cytoplasmic pH value was decreased and the H+ influx was observed, indicating that the extracellular space was alkalinized in a short time. The increased H+ influx rate enhanced the uptake of PAHs. In addition, the H+-ATPase activity was also increased, suggesting that auxin activated two distinct and antagonistic H+ flux pathways, and the H+ influx pathway was dominant. Our findings offer important information for exploring the mechanism underlying auxin regulation of PAHs uptake and the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiurun Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiani Du
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Li X, Zhao R, Liu J, Li Z, Chen A, Xu S, Sheng X. Dynamic changes in calcium signals during root gravitropism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108481. [PMID: 38447424 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Gravitropism is a vital mechanism through which plants adapt to their environment. Previous studies indicated that Ca2+ may play an important role in plant gravitropism. However, our understanding of the calcium signals in root gravitropism is still largely limited. Using a vertical stage confocal and transgenic Arabidopsis R-GECO1, our data showed that gravity stimulation enhances the occurrence of calcium spikes and increases the Ca2+ concentration in the lower side of the root cap. Furthermore, a close correlation was observed in the asymmetry of calcium signals with the inclination angles at which the roots were oriented. The frequency of calcium spikes on the lower side of 90°-rotated root decreases rapidly over time, whereas the asymmetric distribution of auxin readily strengthens for up to 3 h, indicating that the calcium spikes, promoted by gravity stimulation, may precede auxin as one of the early signals. In addition, the root gravitropism of starchless mutants is severely impaired. Correspondingly, no significant increase in calcium spike occurrence was observed in the root caps of these mutants within 15 min following a 90° rotation, indicating the involvement of starch grains in the formation of calcium spikes. However, between 30 and 45 min after a 90° rotation, asymmetric calcium spikes were indeed observed in the root of starchless mutants, suggesting that starch grains are not indispensable for the formation of calcium spikes. Besides, co-localization analysis suggests that the ER may function as calcium stores during the occurrence of calcium spikes. These findings provide further insights into plant gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ruoxin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ai Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shi Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xianyong Sheng
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
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9
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Kuhn A, Roosjen M, Mutte S, Dubey SM, Carrillo Carrasco VP, Boeren S, Monzer A, Koehorst J, Kohchi T, Nishihama R, Fendrych M, Sprakel J, Friml J, Weijers D. RAF-like protein kinases mediate a deeply conserved, rapid auxin response. Cell 2024; 187:130-148.e17. [PMID: 38128538 PMCID: PMC10783624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The plant-signaling molecule auxin triggers fast and slow cellular responses across land plants and algae. The nuclear auxin pathway mediates gene expression and controls growth and development in land plants, but this pathway is absent from algal sister groups. Several components of rapid responses have been identified in Arabidopsis, but it is unknown if these are part of a conserved mechanism. We recently identified a fast, proteome-wide phosphorylation response to auxin. Here, we show that this response occurs across 5 land plant and algal species and converges on a core group of shared targets. We found conserved rapid physiological responses to auxin in the same species and identified rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)-like protein kinases as central mediators of auxin-triggered phosphorylation across species. Genetic analysis connects this kinase to both auxin-triggered protein phosphorylation and rapid cellular response, thus identifying an ancient mechanism for fast auxin responses in the green lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Kuhn
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Roosjen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sumanth Mutte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Shiv Mani Dubey
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aline Monzer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jasper Koehorst
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Takayuki Kohchi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishihama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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10
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Peng S, Li P, Li T, Tian Z, Xu R. GhCNGC13 and 32 Act as Critical Links between Growth and Immunity in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:1. [PMID: 38203172 PMCID: PMC10778622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) remain poorly studied in crop plants, most of which are polyploid. In allotetraploid Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), silencing GhCNGC13 and 32 impaired plant growth and shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, while triggering plant autoimmunity. Both growth hormones (indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin) and stress hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonate) increased, while leaf photosynthesis decreased. The silenced plants exhibited an enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea; however, Verticillium wilt resistance was weakened, which was associated with LIPOXYGENASE2 (LOX2) downregulation. Transcriptomic analysis of silenced plants revealed 4835 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with functional enrichment in immunity and photosynthesis. These DEGs included a set of transcription factors with significant over-representation in the HSF, NAC, and WRKY families. Moreover, numerous members of the GhCNGC family were identified among the DEGs, which may indicate a coordinated action. Collectively, our results suggested that GhCNGC13 and 32 functionally link to photosynthesis, plant growth, and plant immunity. We proposed that GhCNGC13 and 32 play a critical role in the "growth-defense tradeoff" widely observed in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Peng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Panyu Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zengyuan Tian
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruqiang Xu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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11
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Yu Y, Tang W, Lin W, Li W, Zhou X, Li Y, Chen R, Zheng R, Qin G, Cao W, Pérez-Henríquez P, Huang R, Ma J, Qiu Q, Xu Z, Zou A, Lin J, Jiang L, Xu T, Yang Z. ABLs and TMKs are co-receptors for extracellular auxin. Cell 2023; 186:5457-5471.e17. [PMID: 37979582 PMCID: PMC10827329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular perception of auxin, an essential phytohormone in plants, has been debated for decades. Auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) physically interacts with quintessential transmembrane kinases (TMKs) and was proposed to act as an extracellular auxin receptor, but its role was disputed because abp1 knockout mutants lack obvious morphological phenotypes. Here, we identified two new auxin-binding proteins, ABL1 and ABL2, that are localized to the apoplast and directly interact with the extracellular domain of TMKs in an auxin-dependent manner. Furthermore, functionally redundant ABL1 and ABL2 genetically interact with TMKs and exhibit functions that overlap with those of ABP1 as well as being independent of ABP1. Importantly, the extracellular domain of TMK1 itself binds auxin and synergizes with either ABP1 or ABL1 in auxin binding. Thus, our findings discovered auxin receptors ABL1 and ABL2 having functions overlapping with but distinct from ABP1 and acting together with TMKs as co-receptors for extracellular auxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Yu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, P.R. China
| | - Wenxin Tang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, P.R. China
| | - Guochen Qin
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, P.R. China; Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Patricio Pérez-Henríquez
- Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Qiqi Qiu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ailing Zou
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Juncheng Lin
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, P.R. China.
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, School of Future Technology, and College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China; Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
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12
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Zeng Y, Verstraeten I, Trinh HK, Lardon R, Schotte S, Olatunji D, Heugebaert T, Stevens C, Quareshy M, Napier R, Nastasi SP, Costa A, De Rybel B, Bellini C, Beeckman T, Vanneste S, Geelen D. Chemical induction of hypocotyl rooting reveals extensive conservation of auxin signalling controlling lateral and adventitious root formation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1883-1899. [PMID: 37787103 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Upon exposure to light, etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings form adventitious roots (AR) along the hypocotyl. While processes underlying lateral root formation are studied intensively, comparatively little is known about the molecular processes involved in the initiation of hypocotyl AR. AR and LR formation were studied using a small molecule named Hypocotyl Specific Adventitious Root INducer (HYSPARIN) that strongly induces AR but not LR formation. HYSPARIN does not trigger rapid DR5-reporter activation, DII-Venus degradation or Ca2+ signalling. Transcriptome analysis, auxin signalling reporter lines and mutants show that HYSPARIN AR induction involves nuclear TIR1/AFB and plasma membrane TMK auxin signalling, as well as multiple downstream LR development genes (SHY2/IAA3, PUCHI, MAKR4 and GATA23). Comparison of the AR and LR induction transcriptome identified SAURs, AGC kinases and OFP transcription factors as specifically upregulated by HYSPARIN. Members of the SAUR19 subfamily, OFP4 and AGC2 suppress HYS-induced AR formation. While SAUR19 and OFP subfamily members also mildly modulate LR formation, AGC2 regulates only AR induction. Analysis of HYSPARIN-induced AR formation uncovers an evolutionary conservation of auxin signalling controlling LR and AR induction in Arabidopsis seedlings and identifies SAUR19, OFP4 and AGC2 kinase as novel regulators of AR formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwei Zeng
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge Verstraeten
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hoang Khai Trinh
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, 900000, Can Tho City, Vietnam
| | - Robin Lardon
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Schotte
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Damilola Olatunji
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Heugebaert
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian Stevens
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mussa Quareshy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sara Paola Nastasi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Bert De Rybel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Catherine Bellini
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, SE-90736, Umeå, Sweden
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- Horticell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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13
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Jobert F, Yadav S, Robert S. Auxin as an architect of the pectin matrix. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6933-6949. [PMID: 37166384 PMCID: PMC10690733 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a versatile plant growth regulator that triggers multiple signalling pathways at different spatial and temporal resolutions. A plant cell is surrounded by the cell wall, a complex and dynamic network of polysaccharides. The cell wall needs to be rigid to provide mechanical support and protection and highly flexible to allow cell growth and shape acquisition. The modification of the pectin components, among other processes, is a mechanism by which auxin activity alters the mechanical properties of the cell wall. Auxin signalling precisely controls the transcriptional output of several genes encoding pectin remodelling enzymes, their local activity, pectin deposition, and modulation in different developmental contexts. This review examines the mechanism of auxin activity in regulating pectin chemistry at organ, cellular, and subcellular levels across diverse plant species. Moreover, we ask questions that remain to be addressed to fully understand the interplay between auxin and pectin in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Jobert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
- CRRBM, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie Robert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
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14
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Qi L, Friml J. Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin signaling and beyond. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:489-495. [PMID: 37434303 PMCID: PMC10952583 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a versatile second messenger in many mammalian signaling pathways. However, its role in plants remains not well-recognized. Recent discovery of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity for transport inhibitor response 1/auxin-signaling F-box proteins (TIR1/AFB) auxin receptors and the demonstration of its importance for canonical auxin signaling put plant cAMP research back into spotlight. This insight briefly summarizes the well-established cAMP signaling pathways in mammalian cells and describes the turbulent and controversial history of plant cAMP research highlighting the major progress and the unresolved points. We also briefly review the current paradigm of auxin signaling to provide a background for the discussion on the AC activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors and its potential role in transcriptional auxin signaling as well as impact of these discoveries on plant cAMP research in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)Klosterneuburg3400Austria
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)Klosterneuburg3400Austria
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15
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Fiedler L, Friml J. Rapid auxin signaling: Unknowns old and new. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 75:102443. [PMID: 37666097 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
To respond to auxin, the chief orchestrator of their multicellularity, plants evolved multiple receptor systems and signal transduction cascades. Despite decades of research, however, we are still lacking a satisfactory synthesis of various auxin signaling mechanisms. The chief discrepancy and historical controversy of the field is that of rapid and slow auxin effects on plant physiology and development. How is it possible that ions begin to trickle across the plasma membrane as soon as auxin enters the cell, even though the best-characterized transcriptional auxin pathway can take effect only after tens of minutes? Recently, unexpected progress has been made in understanding this and other unknowns of auxin signaling. We provide a perspective on these exciting developments and concepts whose general applicability might have ramifications beyond auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Fiedler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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16
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Jia Z, Giehl RFH, Hartmann A, Estevez JM, Bennett MJ, von Wirén N. A spatially concerted epidermal auxin signaling framework steers the root hair foraging response under low nitrogen. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3926-3941.e5. [PMID: 37699396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
As a major determinant of the nutrient-acquiring root surface, root hairs (RHs) provide a low-input strategy to enhance nutrient uptake. Although primary and lateral roots exhibit elongation responses under mild nitrogen (N) deficiency, the foraging response of RHs and underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Employing transcriptomics and functional studies revealed a framework of molecular components composing a cascade of auxin synthesis, transport, and signaling that triggers RH elongation for N acquisition. Through upregulation of Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis 1 (TAA1) and YUCCA8, low N increases auxin accumulation in the root apex. Auxin is then directed to the RH differentiation zone via the auxin transport machinery, AUXIN TRANSPORTER PROTEIN 1 (AUX1) and PIN-FORMED 2 (PIN2). Upon arrival to the RH zone, auxin activates the transcription factors AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6 and 8 (ARF6/8) to promote the epidermal and auxin-inducible transcriptional module ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6)-LOTUS JAPONICA ROOT HAIRLESS-LIKE 3 (LRL3) to steer RH elongation in response to low N. Our study uncovers a spatially defined regulatory signaling cascade for N foraging by RHs, expanding the mechanistic framework of hormone-regulated nutrient sensing in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Jia
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Anja Hartmann
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jose M Estevez
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile; Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Malcolm J Bennett
- Future Food Beacon and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
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17
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Villano C, Procino S, Blaiotta G, Carputo D, D’Agostino N, Di Serio E, Fanelli V, La Notte P, Miazzi MM, Montemurro C, Taranto F, Aversano R. Genetic diversity and signature of divergence in the genome of grapevine clones of Southern Italy varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1201287. [PMID: 37771498 PMCID: PMC10525710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1201287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction has contributed to a significant degree of variability in cultivated grapevine populations. However, the additional influence of spontaneous somatic mutations has played a pivotal role in shaping the diverse landscape of grapevine agrobiodiversity. These naturally occurring selections, termed 'clones,' represent a vast reservoir of potentially valuable traits and alleles that hold promise for enhancing grape quality and bolstering plant resilience against environmental and biotic challenges. Despite their potential, many of these clones remain largely untapped.In light of this context, this study aims to delve into the population structure, genetic diversity, and distinctive genetic loci within a collection of 138 clones derived from six Campanian and Apulian grapevine varieties, known for their desirable attributes in viticulture and winemaking. Employing two reduced representation sequencing methods, we extracted Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. Population structure analysis and fixation index (FST) calculations were conducted both between populations and at individual loci. Notably, varieties originating from the same geographical region exhibited pronounced genetic similarity.The resulting SNP dataset facilitated the identification of approximately two hundred loci featuring divergent markers (FST ≥ 0.80) within annotated exons. Several of these loci exhibited associations with essential traits like phenotypic adaptability and environmental responsiveness, offering compelling opportunities for grapevine breeding initiatives. By shedding light on the genetic variability inherent in these treasured traditional grapevines, our study contributes to the broader understanding of their potential. Importantly, it underscores the urgency of preserving and characterizing these valuable genetic resources to safeguard their intra-varietal diversity and foster future advancements in grapevine cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clizia Villano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvia Procino
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blaiotta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Domenico Carputo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Nunzio D’Agostino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Bari, Italy
| | - Ermanno Di Serio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Valentina Fanelli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pierfederico La Notte
- Support Unit Bari, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Support Unit Bari, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bari, Italy
- SINAGRI S.r.l., Spin Off of the University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Aversano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
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18
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Akita K, Miyazawa Y. Auxin biosynthesis, transport, and response directly attenuate hydrotropism in the latter stages to fine-tune root growth direction in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14051. [PMID: 37882259 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Roots detect water potential gradients in the soil and orient toward moister areas, a response known as hydrotropism that aids drought avoidance. Although auxin is crucial in tropism, its polar transport is not essential for hydrotropism in Arabidopsis. Moreover, antiauxin treatments in Arabidopsis produced inconsistent outcomes: some studies indicated auxin action was necessary while others did not. In this study, we examined auxin's physiological role in hydrotropism. We found that inhibiting auxin biosynthesis or transport intensified hydrotropic bending not only in wild-type, but also in hydrotropism defective mutants, namely miz1-1 and miz2 plants. Given that miz1-1 and miz2 exhibited compromised hydrotropism even under clinorotated conditions, we infer that auxin biosynthesis and transport directly suppress hydrotropism. Additionally, tir1-10, afb1-3, and afb2-3 displayed augmented hydrotropism. We observed a significant delay in hydrotropic bending in arf7-1arf19-1, suggesting that ARF7 and ARF19 amplify hydrotropism in its early stages. To discern the functional ties of ARF7/19 with MIZ1 and MIZ2, we studied the hydrotropic phenotypes of arf7-1arf19-1miz1-1 and arf7-1arf19-1miz2. Both triple mutants had diminished early-stage hydrotropism yet showed partial but significant recovery in the later stages. Given MIZ1's role in reducing auxin levels and MIZ2's essentiality for MIZ1 functionality, we conclude that auxin inhibits hydrotropism downstream of MIZ1 in later stages to refine root bending. Furthermore, it is posited that gene expression driven by ARF7 and ARF19 is pivotal for early-stage root hydrotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Akita
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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19
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Dubey SM, Fendrych M, Serre NB. Relative Membrane Potential Measurements Using DISBAC 2(3) Fluorescence in Arabidopsis thaliana Primary Roots. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4778. [PMID: 37497461 PMCID: PMC10367083 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo microscopy of plants with high-frequency imaging allows observation and characterization of the dynamic responses of plants to stimuli. It provides access to responses that could not be observed by imaging at a given time point. Such methods are particularly suitable for the observation of fast cellular events such as membrane potential changes. Classical measurement of membrane potential by probe impaling gives quantitative and precise measurements. However, it is invasive, requires specialized equipment, and only allows measurement of one cell at a time. To circumvent some of these limitations, we developed a method to relatively quantify membrane potential variations in Arabidopsis thaliana roots using the fluorescence of the voltage reporter DISBAC2(3). In this protocol, we describe how to prepare experiments for agar media and microfluidics, and we detail the image analysis. We take an example of the rapid plasma membrane depolarization induced by the phytohormone auxin to illustrate the method. Relative membrane potential measurements using DISBAC2(3) fluorescence increase the spatio-temporal resolution of the measurements and are non-invasive and suitable for live imaging of growing roots. Studying membrane potential with a more flexible method allows to efficiently combine mature electrophysiology literature and new molecular knowledge to achieve a better understanding of plant behaviors. Key features Non-invasive method to relatively quantify membrane potential in plant roots. Method suitable for imaging seedlings root in agar or liquid medium. Straightforward quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Mani Dubey
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nelson Bc Serre
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, École normale supérieure de Lyon, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Lyon, France
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20
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Serre NBC, Wernerová D, Vittal P, Dubey SM, Medvecká E, Jelínková A, Petrášek J, Grossmann G, Fendrych M. The AUX1-AFB1-CNGC14 module establishes a longitudinal root surface pH profile. eLife 2023; 12:e85193. [PMID: 37449525 PMCID: PMC10414970 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant roots navigate in the soil environment following the gravity vector. Cell divisions in the meristem and rapid cell growth in the elongation zone propel the root tips through the soil. Actively elongating cells acidify their apoplast to enable cell wall extension by the activity of plasma membrane AHA H+-ATPases. The phytohormone auxin, central regulator of gravitropic response and root development, inhibits root cell growth, likely by rising the pH of the apoplast. However, the role of auxin in the regulation of the apoplastic pH gradient along the root tip is unclear. Here, we show, by using an improved method for visualization and quantification of root surface pH, that the Arabidopsis thaliana root surface pH shows distinct acidic and alkaline zones, which are not primarily determined by the activity of AHA H+-ATPases. Instead, the distinct domain of alkaline pH in the root transition zone is controlled by a rapid auxin response module, consisting of the AUX1 auxin influx carrier, the AFB1 auxin co-receptor, and the CNCG14 calcium channel. We demonstrate that the rapid auxin response pathway is required for an efficient navigation of the root tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson BC Serre
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Daša Wernerová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Pruthvi Vittal
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Shiv Mani Dubey
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Eva Medvecká
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Adriana Jelínková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jan Petrášek
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Guido Grossmann
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- CEPLAS - Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
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21
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Dubey SM, Han S, Stutzman N, Prigge MJ, Medvecká E, Platre MP, Busch W, Fendrych M, Estelle M. The AFB1 auxin receptor controls the cytoplasmic auxin response pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1120-1130. [PMID: 37391902 PMCID: PMC10720607 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin triggers root growth inhibition within seconds via a non-transcriptional pathway. Among members of the TIR1/AFB auxin receptor family, AFB1 has a primary role in this rapid response. However, the unique features that confer this specific function have not been identified. Here we show that the N-terminal region of AFB1, including the F-box domain and residues that contribute to auxin binding, is essential and sufficient for its specific role in the rapid response. Substitution of the N-terminal region of AFB1 with that of TIR1 disrupts its distinct cytoplasm-enriched localization and activity in rapid root growth inhibition by auxin. Importantly, the N-terminal region of AFB1 is indispensable for auxin-triggered calcium influx, which is a prerequisite for rapid root growth inhibition. Furthermore, AFB1 negatively regulates lateral root formation and transcription of auxin-induced genes, suggesting that it plays an inhibitory role in canonical auxin signaling. These results suggest that AFB1 may buffer the transcriptional auxin response, whereas it regulates rapid changes in cell growth that contribute to root gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Mani Dubey
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Soeun Han
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Stutzman
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Prigge
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eva Medvecká
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matthieu Pierre Platre
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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Lamport DTA. The Growth Oscillator and Plant Stomata: An Open and Shut Case. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2531. [PMID: 37447091 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Since Darwin's "Power of Movement in Plants" the precise mechanism of oscillatory plant growth remains elusive. Hence the search continues for the hypothetical growth oscillator that regulates a huge range of growth phenomena ranging from circumnutation to pollen tube tip growth and stomatal movements. Oscillators are essentially simple devices with few components. A universal growth oscillator with only four major components became apparent recently with the discovery of a missing component, notably arabinogalactan glycoproteins (AGPs) that store dynamic Ca2+ at the cell surface. Demonstrably, auxin-activated proton pumps, AGPs, Ca2+ channels, and auxin efflux "PIN" proteins, embedded in the plasma membrane, combine to generate cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations that ultimately regulate oscillatory growth: Hechtian adhesion of the plasma membrane to the cell wall and auxin-activated proton pumps trigger the release of dynamic Ca2+ stored in periplasmic AGP monolayers. These four major components represent a molecular PINball machine a strong visual metaphor that also recognises auxin efflux "PIN" proteins as an essential component. Proton "pinballs" dissociate Ca2+ ions bound by paired glucuronic acid residues of AGP glycomodules, hence reassessing the role of proton pumps. It shifts the prevalent paradigm away from the recalcitrant "acid growth" theory that proposes direct action on cell wall properties, with an alternative explanation that connects proton pumps to Ca2+ signalling with dynamic Ca2+ storage by AGPs, auxin transport by auxin-efflux PIN proteins and Ca2+ channels. The extensive Ca2+ signalling literature of plants ignores arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). Such scepticism leads us to reconsider the validity of the universal growth oscillator proposed here with some exceptions that involve marine plants and perhaps the most complex stress test, stomatal regulation.
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23
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Qiu Z, Zeng C, Deng H, Shen Z, Han H. How plants cope with fast primary root elongation inhibition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1187634. [PMID: 37324686 PMCID: PMC10264606 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1187634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huibin Han
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
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24
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Xu D, Sanden NCH, Hansen LL, Belew ZM, Madsen SR, Meyer L, Jørgensen ME, Hunziker P, Veres D, Crocoll C, Schulz A, Nour-Eldin HH, Halkier BA. Export of defensive glucosinolates is key for their accumulation in seeds. Nature 2023; 617:132-138. [PMID: 37076627 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant membrane transporters controlling metabolite distribution contribute key agronomic traits1-6. To eliminate anti-nutritional factors in edible parts of crops, the mutation of importers can block the accumulation of these factors in sink tissues7. However, this often results in a substantially altered distribution pattern within the plant8-12, whereas engineering of exporters may prevent such changes in distribution. In brassicaceous oilseed crops, anti-nutritional glucosinolate defence compounds are translocated to the seeds. However, the molecular targets for export engineering of glucosinolates remain unclear. Here we identify and characterize members of the USUALLY MULTIPLE AMINO ACIDS MOVE IN AND OUT TRANSPORTER (UMAMIT) family-UMAMIT29, UMAMIT30 and UMAMIT31-in Arabidopsis thaliana as glucosinolate exporters with a uniport mechanism. Loss-of-function umamit29 umamit30 umamit31 triple mutants have a very low level of seed glucosinolates, demonstrating a key role for these transporters in translocating glucosinolates into seeds. We propose a model in which the UMAMIT uniporters facilitate glucosinolate efflux from biosynthetic cells along the electrochemical gradient into the apoplast, where the high-affinity H+-coupled glucosinolate importers GLUCOSINOLATE TRANSPORTERS (GTRs) load them into the phloem for translocation to the seeds. Our findings validate the theory that two differently energized transporter types are required for cellular nutrient homeostasis13. The UMAMIT exporters are new molecular targets to improve nutritional value of seeds of brassicaceous oilseed crops without altering the distribution of the defence compounds in the whole plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Xu
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Niels Christian Holm Sanden
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Line Lykke Hansen
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Zeinu Mussa Belew
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Svend Roesen Madsen
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Section for Chemistry and Food Quality, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lasse Meyer
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Pascal Hunziker
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorottya Veres
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Schulz
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Barbara Ann Halkier
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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25
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Caumon H, Vernoux T. A matter of time: auxin signaling dynamics and the regulation of auxin responses during plant development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad132. [PMID: 37042516 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As auxin is a major regulator of plant development, studying the signaling mechanisms by which auxin influences cellular activities is of primary importance. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on the different modalities of signaling, from the well-characterized canonical nuclear auxin pathway, to the more recently discovered or re-discovered non-canonical modes of auxin signaling. In particular, we discuss how both the modularity of the nuclear auxin pathway and the dynamic regulation of its core components allow to trigger specific transcriptomic responses. We highlight the fact that the diversity of modes of auxin signaling allows for a wide range of timescales of auxin responses, from second-scale cytoplasmic responses to minute/hour-scale modifications of gene expression. Finally, we question the extent to which the temporality of auxin signaling and responses contributes to development in both the shoot and the root meristems. We conclude by stressing the fact that future investigations should allow to build an integrative view not only of the spatial control, but also of the temporality of auxin-mediated regulation of plant development, from the cell to the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Caumon
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, F-69342, Lyon, France
| | - Teva Vernoux
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, F-69342, Lyon, France
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26
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Carrillo‐Carrasco VP, Hernandez‐Garcia J, Mutte SK, Weijers D. The birth of a giant: evolutionary insights into the origin of auxin responses in plants. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113018. [PMID: 36786017 PMCID: PMC10015382 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022113018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant signaling molecule auxin is present in multiple kingdoms of life. Since its discovery, a century of research has been focused on its action as a phytohormone. In land plants, auxin regulates growth and development through transcriptional and non-transcriptional programs. Some of the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses are well understood, mainly in Arabidopsis. Recently, the availability of genomic and transcriptomic data of green lineages, together with phylogenetic inference, has provided the basis to reconstruct the evolutionary history of some components involved in auxin biology. In this review, we follow the evolutionary trajectory that allowed auxin to become the "giant" of plant biology by focusing on bryophytes and streptophyte algae. We consider auxin biosynthesis, transport, physiological, and molecular responses, as well as evidence supporting the role of auxin as a chemical messenger for communication within ecosystems. Finally, we emphasize that functional validation of predicted orthologs will shed light on the conserved properties of auxin biology among streptophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sumanth K Mutte
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen UniversityWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen UniversityWageningenthe Netherlands
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27
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Cui M, Li Y, Li J, Yin F, Chen X, Qin L, Wei L, Xia G, Liu S. Ca 2+-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting PP2C-mediated dephosphorylation of TaHA2 in wheat. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:571-587. [PMID: 36681864 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land. However, little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress. In this study, we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat, TaCCD1, which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response. PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4 (SR4). We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases, TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8 (TaPP2C.D1/8), negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue (Thr926) of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity. Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4, and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215, an early auxin-responsive protein. These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress. TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity, thereby promoting the activity of the PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat. Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress, indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1. Collectively, this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress, in which Ca2+-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jianhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fengxiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lumin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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28
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Gao YQ, Farmer EE. Osmoelectric siphon models for signal and water dispersal in wounded plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:1207-1220. [PMID: 36377754 PMCID: PMC9923213 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
When attacked by herbivores, plants produce electrical signals which can activate the synthesis of the defense mediator jasmonate. These wound-induced membrane potential changes can occur in response to elicitors that are released from damaged plant cells. We list plant-derived elicitors of membrane depolarization. These compounds include the amino acid l-glutamate (Glu), a potential ligand for GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE (GLR) proteins that play roles in herbivore-activated electrical signaling. How are membrane depolarization elicitors dispersed in wounded plants? In analogy with widespread turgor-driven cell and organ movements, we propose osmoelectric siphon mechanisms for elicitor transport. These mechanisms are based on membrane depolarization leading to cell water shedding into the apoplast followed by membrane repolarization and water uptake. We discuss two related mechanisms likely to occur in response to small wounds and large wounds that trigger leaf-to-leaf electrical signal propagation. To reduce jasmonate pathway activation, a feeding insect must cut through tissues cleanly. If their mandibles become worn, the herbivore is converted into a robust plant defense activator. Our models may therefore help to explain why numerous plants produce abrasives which can blunt herbivore mouthparts. Finally, if verified, the models we propose may be generalizable for cell to cell transport of water and pathogen-derived regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Gao
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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29
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Pérez-Henríquez P, Yang Z. Extranuclear auxin signaling: a new insight into auxin's versatility. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1115-1121. [PMID: 36336825 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Auxin phytohormone has a role in most aspects of the life of a land plant and is found even in ancient plants such as single-cell green algae. Auxin's ubiquitous but specific effects have been mainly explained by the extraordinary ability of plants to interpret spatiotemporal patterns of auxin concentrations via the regulation of gene transcription. This is thought to be achieved through the combinatorial effects of two families of nuclear coreceptor proteins, that is the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1 and AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB) and AUXIN/INDOLE ACETIC ACID. Recent evidence has suggested transcription-independent roles of TIR1/AFBs localized outside the nucleus and TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE (TMK)-based auxin signaling occurring in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, emerging evidence supports a coordinated action of the intra- and extranuclear auxin signaling pathways to regulate specific auxin responses. Here, we highlight how auxin signaling acts inside and outside the nucleus for the regulation of growth and morphogenesis and propose that the future direction of auxin biology lies in the elucidation of a new collaborative paradigm of intra- and extranuclear auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Pérez-Henríquez
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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30
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Allan C, Tayagui A, Hornung R, Nock V, Meisrimler CN. A dual-flow RootChip enables quantification of bi-directional calcium signaling in primary roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1040117. [PMID: 36704158 PMCID: PMC9871814 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One sentence summary: Bi-directional-dual-flow-RootChip to track calcium signatures in Arabidopsis primary roots responding to osmotic stress. Plant growth and survival is fundamentally linked with the ability to detect and respond to abiotic and biotic factors. Cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) is a key messenger in signal transduction pathways associated with a variety of stresses, including mechanical, osmotic stress and the plants' innate immune system. These stresses trigger an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ and thus initiate a signal transduction cascade, contributing to plant stress adaptation. Here we combine fluorescent G-CaMP3 Arabidopsis thaliana sensor lines to visualise Ca2+ signals in the primary root of 9-day old plants with an optimised dual-flow RootChip (dfRC). The enhanced polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) bi-directional-dual-flow-RootChip (bi-dfRC) reported here adds two adjacent inlet channels at the base of the observation chamber, allowing independent or asymmetric chemical stimulation at either the root differentiation zone or tip. Observations confirm distinct early spatio-temporal patterns of salinity (sodium chloride, NaCl) and drought (polyethylene glycol, PEG)-induced Ca2+ signals throughout different cell types dependent on the first contact site. Furthermore, we show that the primary signal always dissociates away from initially stimulated cells. The observed early signaling events induced by NaCl and PEG are surprisingly complex and differ from long-term changes in cytosolic Ca2+ reported in roots. Bi-dfRC microfluidic devices will provide a novel approach to challenge plant roots with different conditions simultaneously, while observing bi-directionality of signals. Future applications include combining the bi-dfRC with H2O2 and redox sensor lines to test root systemic signaling responses to biotic and abiotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Allan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ayelen Tayagui
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Volker Nock
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
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Dubey SM, Han S, Stutzman N, Prigge MJ, Medvecká E, Platre MP, Busch W, Fendrych M, Estelle M. The AFB1 auxin receptor controls the cytoplasmic auxin response pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.04.522696. [PMID: 36711737 PMCID: PMC9881920 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.04.522696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin triggers root growth inhibition within seconds via a non-transcriptional pathway. Among members of the TIR1/AFBs auxin receptor family, AFB1 has a primary role in this rapid response. However, the unique features that confer this specific function have not been identified. Here we show that the N-terminal region of AFB1, including the F-box domain and residues that contribute to auxin binding, are essential and sufficient for its specific role in the rapid response. Substitution of the N-terminal region of AFB1 with that of TIR1 disrupts its distinct cytoplasm-enriched localization and activity in rapid root growth inhibition. Importantly, the N-terminal region of AFB1 is indispensable for auxin-triggered calcium influx which is a prerequisite for rapid root growth inhibition. Furthermore, AFB1 negatively regulates lateral root formation and transcription of auxin-induced genes, suggesting that it plays an inhibitory role in canonical auxin signaling. These results suggest that AFB1 may buffer the transcriptional auxin response while it regulates rapid changes in cell growth that contribute to root gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Mani Dubey
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Soeun Han
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Nathan Stutzman
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Michael J Prigge
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Eva Medvecká
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matthieu Pierre Platre
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,For correspondence: and
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States,For correspondence: and
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32
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Liu B, Zhang J, Ye N. Noninvasive micro-test technology: monitoring ion and molecular flow in plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:123-124. [PMID: 36379847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiological and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiological and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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33
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Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, Hoermayer L, Sinclair S, Zou M, Del Genio CI, Kubeš MF, Napier R, Jaworski K, Friml J. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. Nature 2022; 611:133-138. [PMID: 36289340 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin is the major coordinative signal in plant development1, mediating transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical signalling pathway. TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) auxin receptors are F-box subunits of ubiquitin ligase complexes. In response to auxin, they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors and target them for degradation via ubiquitination2,3. Here we identify adenylate cyclase (AC) activity as an additional function of TIR1/AFB receptors across land plants. Auxin, together with Aux/IAAs, stimulates cAMP production. Three separate mutations in the AC motif of the TIR1 C-terminal region, all of which abolish the AC activity, each render TIR1 ineffective in mediating gravitropism and sustained auxin-induced root growth inhibition, and also affect auxin-induced transcriptional regulation. These results highlight the importance of TIR1/AFB AC activity in canonical auxin signalling. They also identify a unique phytohormone receptor cassette combining F-box and AC motifs, and the role of cAMP as a second messenger in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Mateusz Kwiatkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Huihuang Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Lukas Hoermayer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Scott Sinclair
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Readiness and Response Directorate, Biosecurity New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Minxia Zou
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Charo I Del Genio
- Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Martin F Kubeš
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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34
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Melatonin and Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synergistically Regulate Plant Growth and Stress Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203250. [PMID: 36291118 PMCID: PMC9600385 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development exhibit plasticity, and plants can adapt to environmental changes and stress. Various phytohormones interact synergistically or antagonistically to regulate these responses. Melatonin and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are widespread across plant kingdom. Melatonin, an important member of the neuroendocrine immune regulatory network, can confer autoimmunity and protect against viral invasion. Melatonin functions as a plant growth regulator and biostimulant, with an important role in enhancing plant stress tolerance. IAA has a highly complex stress response mechanism, which participates in a series of stress induced physiological changes. This article reviews studies on the signaling pathways of melatonin and IAA, focusing on specific regulatory mechanisms. We discuss how these hormones coordinate plant growth and development and stress responses. Furthermore, the interactions between melatonin and IAA and their upstream and downstream transcriptional regulation are discussed from the perspective of modulating plant development and stress adaptation. The reviewed studies suggest that, at low concentrations, melatonin promotes IAA synthesis, whereas at high levels it reduces IAA levels. Similarly to IAA, melatonin promotes plant growth and development. IAA suppresses the melatonin induced inhibition of germination. IAA signaling plays an important role in plant growth and development, whereas melatonin signaling plays an important role in stress responses.
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Scherzer S, Böhm J, Huang S, Iosip AL, Kreuzer I, Becker D, Heckmann M, Al-Rasheid KAS, Dreyer I, Hedrich R. A unique inventory of ion transporters poises the Venus flytrap to fast-propagating action potentials and calcium waves. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4255-4263.e5. [PMID: 36087579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since the 19th century, it has been known that the carnivorous Venus flytrap is electrically excitable. Nevertheless, the mechanism and the molecular entities of the flytrap action potential (AP) remain unknown. When entering the electrically excitable stage, the trap expressed a characteristic inventory of ion transporters, among which the increase in glutamate receptor GLR3.6 RNA was most pronounced. Trigger hair stimulation or glutamate application evoked an AP and a cytoplasmic Ca2+ transient that both propagated at the same speed from the site of induction along the entire trap lobe surface. A priming Ca2+ moiety entering the cytoplasm in the context of the AP was further potentiated by an organelle-localized calcium-induced calcium release (CICR)-like system prolonging the Ca2+ signal. While the Ca2+ transient persisted, SKOR K+ channels and AHA H+-ATPases repolarized the AP already. By counting the number of APs and long-lasting Ca2+ transients, the trap directs the different steps in the carnivorous plant's hunting cycle. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sönke Scherzer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Böhm
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Shouguang Huang
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anda L Iosip
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ines Kreuzer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Heckmann
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Wuerzburg University, Röntgenring 9, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Khaled A S Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Wuerzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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36
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Yang Y, Liu F, Liu L, Zhu M, Yuan J, Mai YX, Zou JJ, Le J, Wang Y, Palme K, Li X, Wang Y, Wang L. The unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor mediates the gravitropic response by modulating cytoskeleton organization and auxin transport in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1916-1934. [PMID: 35943836 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gravity-induced root curvature involves the asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. This response depends on the concerted activities of the auxin transporters such as PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins for auxin efflux and AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1) for auxin influx. However, how the auxin gradient is established remains elusive. Here we identified a new mutant with a short root, strong auxin distribution in the lateral root cap and an impaired gravitropic response. The causal gene encoded an Arabidopsis homolog of the human unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor (URI). AtURI interacted with prefoldin 2 (PFD2) and PFD6, two β-type PFD members that modulate actin and tubulin patterning in roots. The auxin reporter DR5rev :GFP showed that asymmetric auxin redistribution after gravistimulation is disordered in aturi-1 root tips. Treatment with the endomembrane protein trafficking inhibitor brefeldin A indicated that recycling of the auxin transporter PIN2 is disrupted in aturi-1 roots as well as in pfd mutants. We propose that AtURI cooperates with PFDs to recycle PIN2 and modulate auxin distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, Freiburg, D-79104, Germany
| | - Le Liu
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, Freiburg, D-79104, Germany
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jinfeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yan-Xia Mai
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Le
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Klaus Palme
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology II/Molecular Plant Physiology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, Freiburg, D-79104, Germany
| | - Xugang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Long Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200032, China
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37
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A plant auxin-binding protein resurfaces after a deep dive. Nature 2022; 609:475-476. [PMID: 36076023 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-02339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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ABP1-TMK auxin perception for global phosphorylation and auxin canalization. Nature 2022; 609:575-581. [PMID: 36071161 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin triggers transcriptional reprogramming through a well-characterized perception machinery in the nucleus. By contrast, mechanisms that underlie fast effects of auxin, such as the regulation of ion fluxes, rapid phosphorylation of proteins or auxin feedback on its transport, remain unclear1-3. Whether auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) is an auxin receptor has been a source of debate for decades1,4. Here we show that a fraction of Arabidopsis thaliana ABP1 is secreted and binds auxin specifically at an acidic pH that is typical of the apoplast. ABP1 and its plasma-membrane-localized partner, transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1), are required for the auxin-induced ultrafast global phospho-response and for downstream processes that include the activation of H+-ATPase and accelerated cytoplasmic streaming. abp1 and tmk mutants cannot establish auxin-transporting channels and show defective auxin-induced vasculature formation and regeneration. An ABP1(M2X) variant that lacks the capacity to bind auxin is unable to complement these defects in abp1 mutants. These data indicate that ABP1 is the auxin receptor for TMK1-based cell-surface signalling, which mediates the global phospho-response and auxin canalization.
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39
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Bazihizina N, Böhm J, Messerer M, Stigloher C, Müller HM, Cuin TA, Maierhofer T, Cabot J, Mayer KFX, Fella C, Huang S, Al-Rasheid KAS, Alquraishi S, Breadmore M, Mancuso S, Shabala S, Ache P, Zhang H, Zhu JK, Hedrich R, Scherzer S. Stalk cell polar ion transport provide for bladder-based salinity tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1822-1835. [PMID: 35510810 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chenopodium quinoa uses epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) to sequester excess salt. Each EBC complex consists of a leaf epidermal cell, a stalk cell, and the bladder. Under salt stress, sodium (Na+ ), chloride (Cl- ), potassium (K+ ) and various metabolites are shuttled from the leaf lamina to the bladders. Stalk cells operate as both a selectivity filter and a flux controller. In line with the nature of a transfer cell, advanced transmission electron tomography, electrophysiology, and fluorescent tracer flux studies revealed the stalk cell's polar organization and bladder-directed solute flow. RNA sequencing and cluster analysis revealed the gene expression profiles of the stalk cells. Among the stalk cell enriched genes, ion channels and carriers as well as sugar transporters were most pronounced. Based on their electrophysiological fingerprint and thermodynamic considerations, a model for stalk cell transcellular transport was derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bazihizina
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Florence, Italy
- College of Science and Engineering, Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
| | - Jennifer Böhm
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maxim Messerer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike M Müller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tracey Ann Cuin
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
| | - Tobias Maierhofer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Joan Cabot
- Diagnostic Devices Unit, LEITAT Technological Center, Innovació 2, Terrasse, 0822, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Klaus F X Mayer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Fella
- Fraunhofer IIS, Nano CT Systeme, Josef-Martin-Weg 63, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Shouguang Huang
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Khaled A S Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alquraishi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Breadmore
- School of Natural Sciences, Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergey Shabala
- College of Science and Engineering, Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas., 7001, Australia
- International Research Centre for Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Peter Ache
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, Nanshan District, China
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Scherzer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
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40
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Pei S, Liu Y, Li W, Krichilsky B, Dai S, Wang Y, Wang X, Johnson DM, Crawford BM, Swift GB, Vo-Dinh T, Pei ZM, Yuan F. OSCA1 is an osmotic specific sensor: a method to distinguish Ca 2+ -mediated osmotic and ionic perception. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1665-1678. [PMID: 35527515 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mutants defective in stimulus-induced Ca2+ increases have been gradually isolated, allowing the identification of cell-surface sensors/receptors, such as the osmosensor OSCA1. However, determining the Ca2+ -signaling specificity to various stimuli in these mutants remains a challenge. For instance, less is known about the exact selectivity between osmotic and ionic stresses in the osca1 mutant. Here, we have developed a method to distinguish the osmotic and ionic effects by analyzing Ca2+ increases, and demonstrated that osca1 is impaired primarily in Ca2+ increases induced by the osmotic but not ionic stress. We recorded Ca2+ increases induced by sorbitol (osmotic effect, OE) and NaCl/CaCl2 (OE + ionic effect, IE) in Arabidopsis wild-type and osca1 seedlings. We assumed the NaCl/CaCl2 total effect (TE) = OE + IE, then developed procedures for Ca2+ imaging, image analysis and mathematic fitting/modeling, and found osca1 defects mainly in OE. The osmotic specificity of osca1 suggests that osmotic and ionic perceptions are independent. The precise estimation of these two stress effects is applicable not only to new Ca2+ -signaling mutants with distinct stimulus specificity but also the complex Ca2+ signaling crosstalk among multiple concurrent stresses that occur naturally, and will enable us to specifically fine tune multiple signal pathways to improve crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyu Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yuantao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Wenke Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | | | - Shiwen Dai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | | | - Bridget M Crawford
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Gary B Swift
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Zhen-Ming Pei
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
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Tang B, Tan T, Chen Y, Hu Z, Xie Q, Yu X, Chen G. SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 mediate dark-induced leaf senescence and regeneration. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010285. [PMID: 35830385 PMCID: PMC9278786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During evolutionary adaptation, the mechanisms for self-regulation are established between the normal growth and development of plants and environmental stress. The phytohormone jasmonate (JA) is a key tie of plant defence and development, and JASMONATE-ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) repressor proteins are key components in JA signalling pathways. Here, we show that JAZ expression was affected by leaf senescence from the transcriptomic data. Further investigation revealed that SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 positively regulate leaf senescence and that SlJAZ11 can also promote plant regeneration. Moreover, we reveal that the SlJAV1-SlWRKY51 (JW) complex could suppress JA biosynthesis under normal growth conditions. Immediately after injury, SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 can regulate the activity of the JW complex through the effects of electrical signals and Ca2+ waves, which in turn affect JA biosynthesis, causing a difference in the regeneration phenotype between SlJAZ10-OE and SlJAZ11-OE transgenic plants. In addition, SlRbcs-3B could maintain the protein stability of SlJAZ11 to protect it from degradation. Together, SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 not only act as repressors of JA signalling to leaf senescence, but also regulate plant regeneration through coordinated electrical signals, Ca2+ waves, hormones and transcriptional regulation. Our study provides critical insights into the mechanisms by which SlJAZ11 can induce regeneration. In plants, senescence is the final stage of development, but regeneration can help them beyond the stage. Plants regeneration is essential for propagation, and in cultivated crops to maintain excellent traits as close as possible. JA signaling can sense environmental signals and integrate various regulatory mechanisms to ensure plants regeneration occurs under optimal conditions. In this work, the JAZ-JAV1-WRKY51 complexes with reported was further optimized, the function of SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 was identified to promote inhibitory activity of SlJAV1-SlWRKY51 complex which negatively regulated JA biosynthesis by direct binding of the W-box of the SlAOC promoter. The results of further investigation suggest that the differences in regulation of electrical signals, Ca2+ waves, hormones and transcriptional regulation are responsible for the regeneration between SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11. In addition, we have found that SlRbcs-3B could maintain the protein stability of SlJAZ11 to protect it from degradation. In summary, despite both SlJAZ10 and SlJAZ11 can function as senescence, only SlJAZ11 has an important promoting function for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yating Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XY); (GC)
| | - Guoping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Bioengineering College, Campus B, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XY); (GC)
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42
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Živanović BD, Luković JD, Korać A, Stanić M, Spasić SZ, Galland P. Signal transduction in Phycomyces sporangiophores: columella as a novel sensory organelle mediating auxin-modulated growth rate and membrane potential. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:917-935. [PMID: 34595603 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing zone (GZ) of the unicellular coenocytic sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus represents the site of stimulus reception (light, gravity, gas) and stimulus response, i.e., local modulations of the elongation growth, which may result, in dependence of the stimulus direction, in tropic bending. Until now, evidence for a possible participation of the columella in sensory reception is absent. We confirm with light microscopy earlier studies that show that the GZ and the columella are not separated by a membrane or cell wall, but rather form a spatial continuum that allows free exchange of cytoplasm and organelle transport. Evidence is presented that the columella is responsive to external stimuli. Columellae, from which spores and sporangial cell wall had been removed, respond to exogenous auxin with a local depolarization of the membrane potential and an increased growth rate of the GZ. In contrast, auxin applied to the GZ causes a decrease of the growth rate irrespective of the presence or absence of sporangia. The response pattern is specific and relevant for the sensory reception of Phycomyces, because the light-insensitive mutant C148carAmadC, which lacks the RAS-GAP protein MADC, displays abnormal IAA sensitivity and membrane depolarization. We argue that the traditional concept of the GZ as the only stimulus-sensitive zone should be abandoned in favor of a model in which GZ and columella operate as a single entity capable to orchestrate a multitude of stimulus inputs, including auxin, to modulate the membrane potential and elongation growth of the GZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka D Živanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Jelena Danilović Luković
- Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Korać
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Stanić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Z Spasić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paul Galland
- Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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43
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Kastanaki E, Blanco-Touriñán N, Sarazin A, Sturchler A, Gujas B, Vera-Sirera F, Agustí J, Rodriguez-Villalon A. A genetic framework for proximal secondary vein branching in the Arabidopsis thaliana embryo. Development 2022; 149:275816. [PMID: 35723181 PMCID: PMC9270971 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over time, plants have evolved flexible self-organizing patterning mechanisms to adapt tissue functionality for continuous organ growth. An example of this process is the multicellular organization of cells into a vascular network in foliar organs. An important, yet poorly understood component of this process is secondary vein branching, a mechanism employed to extend vascular tissues throughout the cotyledon surface. Here, we uncover two distinct branching mechanisms during embryogenesis by analyzing the discontinuous vein network of the double mutant cotyledon vascular pattern 2 (cvp2) cvp2-like 1 (cvl1). Similar to wild-type embryos, distal veins in cvp2 cvl1 embryos arise from the bifurcation of cell files contained in the midvein, whereas proximal branching is absent in this mutant. Restoration of this process can be achieved by increasing OCTOPUS dosage as well as by silencing RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE 2 (RPK2) expression. Although RPK2-dependent rescue of cvp2 cvl1 is auxin- and CLE peptide-independent, distal branching involves polar auxin transport and follows a distinct regulatory mechanism. Our work defines a genetic network that confers plasticity to Arabidopsis embryos to spatially adapt vascular tissues to organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kastanaki
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noel Blanco-Touriñán
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland,Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Alexis Sarazin
- Group of RNA Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Sturchler
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bojan Gujas
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Vera-Sirera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Agustí
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antia Rodriguez-Villalon
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland,Authors for correspondence (; )
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Abstract
Auxin has always been at the forefront of research in plant physiology and development. Since the earliest contemplations by Julius von Sachs and Charles Darwin, more than a century-long struggle has been waged to understand its function. This largely reflects the failures, successes, and inevitable progress in the entire field of plant signaling and development. Here I present 14 stations on our long and sometimes mystical journey to understand auxin. These highlights were selected to give a flavor of the field and to show the scope and limits of our current knowledge. A special focus is put on features that make auxin unique among phytohormones, such as its dynamic, directional transport network, which integrates external and internal signals, including self-organizing feedback. Accented are persistent mysteries and controversies. The unexpected discoveries related to rapid auxin responses and growth regulation recently disturbed our contentment regarding understanding of the auxin signaling mechanism. These new revelations, along with advances in technology, usher us into a new, exciting era in auxin research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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45
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Dawson J, Pandey S, Yu Q, Schaub P, Wüst F, Moradi AB, Dovzhenko O, Palme K, Welsch R. Determination of protoplast growth properties using quantitative single-cell tracking analysis. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:64. [PMID: 35585602 PMCID: PMC9118701 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although quantitative single-cell analysis is frequently applied in animal systems, e.g. to identify novel drugs, similar applications on plant single cells are largely missing. We have exploited the applicability of high-throughput microscopic image analysis on plant single cells using tobacco leaf protoplasts, cell-wall free single cells isolated by lytic digestion. Protoplasts regenerate their cell wall within several days after isolation and have the potential to expand and proliferate, generating microcalli and finally whole plants after the application of suitable regeneration conditions. RESULTS High-throughput automated microscopy coupled with the development of image processing pipelines allowed to quantify various developmental properties of thousands of protoplasts during the initial days following cultivation by immobilization in multi-well-plates. The focus on early protoplast responses allowed to study cell expansion prior to the initiation of proliferation and without the effects of shape-compromising cell walls. We compared growth parameters of wild-type tobacco cells with cells expressing the antiapoptotic protein Bcl2-associated athanogene 4 from Arabidopsis (AtBAG4). CONCLUSIONS AtBAG4-expressing protoplasts showed a higher proportion of cells responding with positive area increases than the wild type and showed increased growth rates as well as increased proliferation rates upon continued cultivation. These features are associated with reported observations on a BAG4-mediated increased resilience to various stress responses and improved cellular survival rates following transformation approaches. Moreover, our single-cell expansion results suggest a BAG4-mediated, cell-independent increase of potassium channel abundance which was hitherto reported for guard cells only. The possibility to explain plant phenotypes with single-cell properties, extracted with the single-cell processing and analysis pipeline developed, allows to envision novel biotechnological screening strategies able to determine improved plant properties via single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dawson
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Augusta University, 1201 Goss Ln, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qiuju Yu
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Schaub
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Wüst
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Bahram Moradi
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Dovzhenko
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Palme
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Center for Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ralf Welsch
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- ScreenSYS GmbH, Engesserstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
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46
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Li L, Gallei M, Friml J. Bending to auxin: fast acid growth for tropisms. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:440-449. [PMID: 34848141 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin is the major growth regulator governing tropic responses including gravitropism. Auxin build-up at the lower side of stimulated shoots promotes cell expansion, whereas in roots it inhibits growth, leading to upward shoot bending and downward root bending, respectively. Yet it remains an enigma how the same signal can trigger such opposite cellular responses. In this review, we discuss several recent unexpected insights into the mechanisms underlying auxin regulation of growth, challenging several existing models. We focus on the divergent mechanisms of apoplastic pH regulation in shoots and roots revisiting the classical Acid Growth Theory and discuss coordinated involvement of multiple auxin signaling pathways. From this emerges a more comprehensive, updated picture how auxin regulates growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Li
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michelle Gallei
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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47
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Wang R, Himschoot E, Grenzi M, Chen J, Safi A, Krebs M, Schumacher K, Nowack MK, Van Damme D, De Smet I, Geelen D, Beeckman T, Friml J, Costa A, Vanneste S. Auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling is independent of inhibition of endosomal aggregation in Arabidopsis roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2308-2319. [PMID: 35085386 PMCID: PMC7612644 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Much of what we know about the role of auxin in plant development derives from exogenous manipulations of auxin distribution and signaling, using inhibitors, auxins, and auxin analogs. In this context, synthetic auxin analogs, such as 1-naphthalene acetic acid (1-NAA), are often favored over the endogenous auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in part due to their higher stability. While such auxin analogs have proven instrumental in revealing the various faces of auxin, they display in some cases bioactivities distinct from IAA. Here, we focused on the effect of auxin analogs on the accumulation of PIN proteins in brefeldin A-sensitive endosomal aggregations (BFA bodies), and correlation with the ability to elicit Ca2+ responses. For a set of commonly used auxin analogs, we evaluated if auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling inhibits PIN accumulation. Not all auxin analogs elicited a Ca2+ response, and their differential ability to elicit Ca2+ responses correlated partially with their ability to inhibit BFA-body formation. However, in tir1/afb and cngc14, 1-NAA-induced Ca2+ signaling was strongly impaired, yet 1-NAA still could inhibit PIN accumulation in BFA bodies. This demonstrates that TIR1/AFB-CNGC14-dependent Ca2+ signaling does not inhibit BFA body formation in Arabidopsis roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wang
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellie Himschoot
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matteo Grenzi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jian Chen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alaeddine Safi
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Plant Developmental Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Plant Developmental Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz K. Nowack
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniёl Van Damme
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- Ghent University, Department of Plants and Crops, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Plants and Crops, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
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48
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Timilsina R, Kim Y, Park S, Park H, Park SJ, Kim JH, Park JH, Kim D, Park YI, Hwang D, Lee JC, Woo HR. ORESARA 15, a PLATZ transcription factor, controls root meristem size through auxin and cytokinin signalling-related pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2511-2524. [PMID: 35139177 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An optimal size of post-embryonic root apical meristem (RAM) is achieved by a balance between cell division and differentiation. Despite extensive research, molecular mechanisms underlying the coordination of cell division and differentiation are still fragmentary. Here, we report that ORESARA 15 (ORE15), an Arabidopsis PLANT A/T-RICH SEQUENCE-AND ZINC-BINDING PROTEIN (PLATZ) transcription factor preferentially expressed in the RAM, determines RAM size. Primary root length, RAM size, cell division rate, and stem cell niche activity were reduced in an ore15 loss-of-function mutant but enhanced in an activation-tagged line overexpressing ORE15, compared with wild type. ORE15 forms mutually positive and negative feedback loops with auxin and cytokinin signalling, respectively. Collectively, our findings imply that ORE15 controls RAM size by mediating the antagonistic interaction between auxin and cytokinin signalling-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Timilsina
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Park
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Park
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doa Kim
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Il Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Woo
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- New Biology Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
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49
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Potential of Canna indica in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Heavy Metals and Nitrogen Removal from Algiers Refinery Wastewater. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are important plant filters used for wastewater treatment. The behavior of the Canna indica-planted CWs in the face of a highly variable composition of industrial wastewater has yet to be understood. Here, we show the effectiveness of Canna indica-planted and unplanted vertical subsurface flow CWs for the treatment of Algiers petroleum refinery’s effluent. The selected species was placed in the CWs containing light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) and sand as a substrate. The findings indicate that the planted constructed wetlands efficiently removed 85% of total suspended solids (TSS), 96.38% of total nitrogen (TN), 96.15% of nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), 99.15% of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and 99.87% of nitrite nitrogen (NO2−-N). The overall mean removal efficiencies for heavy metals in the vegetated CWs were considerably greater than those of the control. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Al, Ni, and Cd were calculated in the roots, rhizomes, leaves, and stems of the plant; then, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) were determined. An initial examination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDX) was also included in the study. The analysis indicated that toxic elements were adsorbed on plant tissues, concentrated in the roots, and partially transported to the aerial parts. These results are useful for the design of CWs to treat industrial wastewater, enabling water of acceptable quality to be discharged into the environment, especially as a low maintenance and cost-effective technology in developing countries.
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Wang L, Ning Y, Sun J, Wilkins KA, Matthus E, McNelly RE, Dark A, Rubio L, Moeder W, Yoshioka K, Véry A, Stacey G, Leblanc‐Fournier N, Legué V, Moulia B, Davies JM. Arabidopsis thaliana CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL2 mediates extracellular ATP signal transduction in root epidermis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:412-421. [PMID: 35075689 PMCID: PMC9211375 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Damage can be signalled by extracellular ATP (eATP) using plasma membrane (PM) receptors to effect cytosolic free calcium ion ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) increase as a second messenger. The downstream PM Ca2+ channels remain enigmatic. Here, the Arabidopsis thaliana Ca2+ channel subunit CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL2 (CNGC2) was identified as a critical component linking eATP receptors to downstream [Ca2+ ]cyt signalling in roots. Extracellular ATP-induced changes in single epidermal cell PM voltage and conductance were measured electrophysiologically, changes in root [Ca2+ ]cyt were measured with aequorin, and root transcriptional changes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Two cngc2 loss-of-function mutants were used: cngc2-3 and defence not death1 (which expresses cytosolic aequorin). Extracellular ATP-induced transient depolarization of Arabidopsis root elongation zone epidermal PM voltage was Ca2+ dependent, requiring CNGC2 but not CNGC4 (its channel co-subunit in immunity signalling). Activation of PM Ca2+ influx currents also required CNGC2. The eATP-induced [Ca2+ ]cyt increase and transcriptional response in cngc2 roots were significantly impaired. CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL2 is required for eATP-induced epidermal Ca2+ influx, causing depolarization leading to [Ca2+ ]cyt increase and damage-related transcriptional response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Youzheng Ning
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
- Institute of Integrative Plant BiologySchool of Life ScienceJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China
| | - Katie A. Wilkins
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Elsa Matthus
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Rose E. McNelly
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Adeeba Dark
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Lourdes Rubio
- Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Botánica y Fisiología VegetalUniversidad de MálagaMálaga29071Spain
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell & Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3B2Canada
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell & Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3B2Canada
| | - Anne‐Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des PlantesUMR Université MontpellierCNRSINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellier34060France
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Science and TechnologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | | | - Valérie Legué
- Université Clermont AuvergneINRAPIAFClermont‐FerrandF‐63000France
| | - Bruno Moulia
- Université Clermont AuvergneINRAPIAFClermont‐FerrandF‐63000France
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
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