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Roy S, Joseph A, Zhang X, Bhattacharyya S, Puthirath AB, Biswas A, Tiwary CS, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM. Engineered Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Energy Conversion and Storage. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 39042038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Designing efficient and cost-effective materials is pivotal to solving the key scientific and technological challenges at the interface of energy, environment, and sustainability for achieving NetZero. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) represent a unique class of materials that have catered to a myriad of energy conversion and storage (ECS) applications. Their uniqueness arises from their ultra-thin nature, high fractions of atoms residing on surfaces, rich chemical compositions featuring diverse metals and chalcogens, and remarkable tunability across multiple length scales. Specifically, the rich electronic/electrical, optical, and thermal properties of 2D TMDs have been widely exploited for electrochemical energy conversion (e.g., electrocatalytic water splitting), and storage (e.g., anodes in alkali ion batteries and supercapacitors), photocatalysis, photovoltaic devices, and thermoelectric applications. Furthermore, their properties and performances can be greatly boosted by judicious structural and chemical tuning through phase, size, composition, defect, dopant, topological, and heterostructure engineering. The challenge, however, is to design and control such engineering levers, optimally and specifically, to maximize performance outcomes for targeted applications. In this review we discuss, highlight, and provide insights on the significant advancements and ongoing research directions in the design and engineering approaches of 2D TMDs for improving their performance and potential in ECS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Sustainable Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Antony Joseph
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sohini Bhattacharyya
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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2
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Sukanya R, Chavan PR, Karthik R, Hasan M, Shim JJ, Breslin CB. Synergistic Effect of 3D/2D Vanadium Diselenide/Tungsten Diselenide Hybrid Materials: Electrochemical Detection of 5-Nitroquinoline a Hazard to the Aquatic Environment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:33325-33335. [PMID: 38885042 PMCID: PMC11231969 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The development of multidimensional structured electrode materials with simple synthetic methods and their electrochemical sensing ability against environmental pollution is still a challenge. In this article, we propose a hybrid formed using multidimensional (3D/2D) vanadium diselenide microspheres and tungsten diselenide nanosheets (VSe2/WSe2) for the electrochemical detection of 5-nitroquinoline (5-NQ), a highly toxic and hazardous substance that is polluting aquatic life due to increasing industrial activities. The 3D/2D VSe2/WSe2 hybrids were prepared by a simple solvothermal method and their morphological and structural analysis was confirmed by various spectroscopy and analytical techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed 3D/2D architecture showed a strong synergistic effect between the two components as well as high electrical conductivity. As a result, an increased peak current for the reduction and detection of 5-NQ was achieved compared to other modified and unmodified disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPE), such as bare SPE, VSe2/SPE, and WSe2/SPE. Under the optimized electrochemical conditions, VSe2/WSe2/SPE showed large linear response ranges (0.012-1053, 1183-3474 μM), a low detection limit (0.002 μM), good sensitivity along with good selectivity, and repeatability for the detection of 5-NQ. With this prominent electrochemical behavior, the VSe2/WSe2 electrode has clear potential to produce high-performance sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaraj Sukanya
- Department
of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23F2H6, Ireland
| | - Prajakta R. Chavan
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, The Republic
of Korea
| | - Raj Karthik
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, The Republic
of Korea
- Centre
of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry,
Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical
and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha
University, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, The Republic
of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, The Republic
of Korea
| | - Carmel B. Breslin
- Department
of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23F2H6, Ireland
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3
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Dai Y, He Q, Huang Y, Duan X, Lin Z. Solution-Processable and Printable Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Inks. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5795-5845. [PMID: 38639932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with layered crystal structures have been attracting enormous research interest for their atomic thickness, mechanical flexibility, and excellent electronic/optoelectronic properties for applications in diverse technological areas. Solution-processable 2D TMD inks are promising for large-scale production of functional thin films at an affordable cost, using high-throughput solution-based processing techniques such as printing and roll-to-roll fabrications. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the chemical synthesis of solution-processable and printable 2D TMD ink materials and the subsequent assembly into thin films for diverse applications. We start with the chemical principles and protocols of various synthesis methods for 2D TMD nanosheet crystals in the solution phase. The solution-based techniques for depositing ink materials into solid-state thin films are discussed. Then, we review the applications of these solution-processable thin films in diverse technological areas including electronics, optoelectronics, and others. To conclude, a summary of the key scientific/technical challenges and future research opportunities of solution-processable TMD inks is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 99907, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zhaoyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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4
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Carey T, Maughan J, Doolan L, Caffrey E, Garcia J, Liu S, Kaur H, Ilhan C, Seyedin S, Coleman JN. Knot Architecture for Biocompatible and Semiconducting 2D Electronic Fiber Transistors. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301654. [PMID: 38602193 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Wearable devices have generally been rigid due to their reliance on silicon-based technologies, while future wearables will utilize flexible components for example transistors within microprocessors to manage data. Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting flakes have yet to be investigated in fiber transistors but can offer a route toward high-mobility, biocompatible, and flexible fiber-based devices. Here, the electrochemical exfoliation of semiconducting 2D flakes of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is shown to achieve homogeneous coatings onto the surface of polyester fibers. The high aspect ratio (>100) of the flake yields aligned and conformal flake-to-flake junctions on polyester fibers enabling transistors with mobilities μ ≈1 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a current on/off ratio, Ion/Ioff ≈102-104. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effects of the MoS2 and WSe2 flakes with human keratinocyte cells are investigated and found to be biocompatible. As an additional step, a unique transistor 'knot' architecture is created by leveraging the fiber diameter to establish the length of the transistor channel, facilitating a route to scale down transistor channel dimensions (≈100 µm) and utilize it to make a MoS2 fiber transistor with a human hair that achieves mobilities as high as μ ≈15 cm2 V-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Carey
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jack Maughan
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Luke Doolan
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin Caffrey
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James Garcia
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Shixin Liu
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Harneet Kaur
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Cansu Ilhan
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Shayan Seyedin
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jonathan N Coleman
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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5
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Zhai W, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhai L, Yao Y, Li S, Wang L, Yang H, Chi B, Liang J, Shi Z, Ge Y, Lai Z, Yun Q, Zhang A, Wu Z, He Q, Chen B, Huang Z, Zhang H. Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials: Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4479-4539. [PMID: 38552165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Crystal phase, a critical structural characteristic beyond the morphology, size, dimension, facet, etc., determines the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. As a group of layered nanomaterials with polymorphs, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted intensive research attention due to their phase-dependent properties. Therefore, great efforts have been devoted to the phase engineering of TMDs to synthesize TMDs with controlled phases, especially unconventional/metastable phases, for various applications in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, biomedicine, energy storage and conversion, and ferroelectrics. Considering the significant progress in the synthesis and applications of TMDs, we believe that a comprehensive review on the phase engineering of TMDs is critical to promote their fundamental studies and practical applications. This Review aims to provide a comprehensive introduction and discussion on the crystal structures, synthetic strategies, and phase-dependent properties and applications of TMDs. Finally, our perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in phase engineering of TMDs will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yongji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Banlan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinzhe Liang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qinbai Yun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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6
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Li Z, Zhai L, Zhang Q, Zhai W, Li P, Chen B, Chen C, Yao Y, Ge Y, Yang H, Qiao P, Kang J, Shi Z, Zhang A, Wang H, Liang J, Liu J, Guan Z, Liao L, Neacșu VA, Ma C, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Lee CS, Ma L, Du Y, Gu L, Li JF, Tian ZQ, Ding F, Zhang H. 1T'-transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers stabilized on 4H-Au nanowires for ultrasensitive SERS detection. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01860-w. [PMID: 38589543 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01860-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Unconventional 1T'-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have aroused tremendous research interest due to their unique phase-dependent physicochemical properties and applications. However, due to the metastable nature of 1T'-TMDs, the controlled synthesis of 1T'-TMD monolayers (MLs) with high phase purity and stability still remains a challenge. Here we report that 4H-Au nanowires (NWs), when used as templates, can induce the quasi-epitaxial growth of high-phase-purity and stable 1T'-TMD MLs, including WS2, WSe2, MoS2 and MoSe2, via a facile and rapid wet-chemical method. The as-synthesized 4H-Au@1T'-TMD core-shell NWs can be used for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. For instance, the 4H-Au@1T'-WS2 NWs have achieved attomole-level SERS detections of Rhodamine 6G and a variety of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike proteins. This work provides insights into the preparation of high-phase-purity and stable 1T'-TMD MLs on metal substrates or templates, showing great potential in various promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Panzhe Qiao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, and Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Kang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinzhe Liang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingwen Liao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lu Ma
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Yonghua Du
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, Department of Physics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, Department of Physics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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7
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Zhao M, Casiraghi C, Parvez K. Electrochemical exfoliation of 2D materials beyond graphene. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3036-3064. [PMID: 38362717 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
After the discovery of graphene in 2004, the field of atomically thin crystals has exploded with the discovery of thousands of 2-dimensional materials (2DMs) with unique electronic and optical properties, by making them very attractive for a broad range of applications, from electronics to energy storage and harvesting, and from sensing to biomedical applications. In order to integrate 2DMs into practical applications, it is crucial to develop mass scalable techniques providing crystals of high quality and in large yield. Electrochemical exfoliation is one of the most promising methods for producing 2DMs, as it enables quick and large-scale production of solution processable nanosheets with a thickness well below 10 layers and lateral size above 1 μm. Originally, this technique was developed for the production of graphene; however, in the last few years, this approach has been successfully extended to other 2DMs, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorous, hexagonal boron nitride, MXenes and many other emerging 2D materials. This review first provides an introduction to the fundamentals of electrochemical exfoliation and then it discusses the production of each class of 2DMs, by introducing their properties and giving examples of applications. Finally, a summary and perspective are given to address some of the challenges in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
| | - Khaled Parvez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
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8
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Kwon IS, Kwak IH, Kim JY, Lee SJ, Sial QA, Ihsan J, Lee KS, Yoo SJ, Park J, Kang HS. 2H-2M Phase Control of WSe 2 Nanosheets by Se Enrichment Toward Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307867. [PMID: 38009401 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The phase control of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is an intriguing approach for tuning the electronic structure toward extensive applications. In this study, WSe2 nanosheets synthesized via a colloidal reaction exhibit a phase conversion from semiconducting 2H to metallic 2M under Se-rich growth conditions (i.e., increasing the concentration of Se precursor or lowering the growth temperature). High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images are used to identify the stacking sequence of the 2M phase, which is distinctive from that of the 1T' phase. First-principles calculations employing various Se-rich models (intercalation and substitution) indicated that Se enrichment induces conversion to the 2M phase. The 2M phase WSe2 nanosheets with the Se excess exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In situ X-ray absorption fine structure studies suggested that the excess Se atoms in the 2M phase WSe2 enhanced the HER catalytic activity, which is supported by the Gibbs free energy (ΔGH* ) of H adsorption and the Fermi abundance function. These results provide an appealing strategy for phase control of TMD catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Seon Kwon
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
- Beamline Science Team, 4GSR Project Headquarters, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kwak
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Qadeer Akbar Sial
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Junaid Ihsan
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Kug-Seung Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jo Yoo
- Division of Scientific Instrumentation & Management, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeunghee Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Nano and Advanced Materials, Jeonju University, Chonju, Chonbuk, 55069, Republic of Korea
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9
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Ben-Smith A, Choi SH, Boandoh S, Lee BH, Vu DA, Nguyen HTT, Adofo LA, Jin JW, Kim SM, Lee YH, Kim KK. Photo-oxidative Crack Propagation in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3125-3133. [PMID: 38227480 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Monolayered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are easily exposed to air, and their crystal quality can often be degraded via oxidation, leading to poor electronic and optical device performance. The degradation becomes more severe in the presence of defects, grain boundaries, and residues. Here, we report crack propagation in pristine TMD monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition under ambient conditions and light illumination. Under a high relative humidity (RH) of ∼60% and white light illumination, the cracks appear randomly. Photo-oxidative cracks gradually propagated along the grain boundaries of the TMD monolayers. In contrast, under low RH conditions of ∼2%, cracks were scarcely observed. Crack propagation is predominantly attributed to the accumulation of water underneath the TMD monolayers, which is preferentially absorbed by hygroscopic alkali metal-based precursor residues. Crack propagation is further accelerated by the cyclic process of photo-oxidation in a basic medium, leading to localized tensile strain. We also found that such crack propagation is prevented after the removal of alkali metals via the transfer of the sample to other substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ben-Smith
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Ho Choi
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen Boandoh
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hoon Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Anh Vu
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Laud Anim Adofo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Jin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 14072, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Kang Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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10
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Liu H, Wu Y, Wu Z, Liu S, Zhang VL, Yu T. Coexisting Phases in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Overview, Synthesis, Applications, and Prospects. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2708-2729. [PMID: 38252696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, significant advancements have been made in phase engineering of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), thereby allowing controlled synthesis of various phases of TMDCs and facile conversion between them. Recently, there has been emerging interest in TMDC coexisting phases, which contain multiple phases within one nanostructured TMDC. By taking advantage of the merits from the component phases, the coexisting phases offer enhanced performance in many aspects compared with single-phase TMDCs. Herein, this review article thoroughly expounds the latest progress and ongoing efforts on the syntheses, properties, and applications of TMDC coexisting phases. The introduction section overviews the main phases of TMDCs (2H, 3R, 1T, 1T', 1Td), along with the advantages of phase coexistence. The subsequent section focuses on the synthesis methods for coexisting phases of TMDCs, with particular attention to local patterning and random formations. Furthermore, on the basis of the versatile properties of TMDC coexisting phases, their applications in magnetism, valleytronics, field-effect transistors, memristors, and catalysis are discussed. Lastly, a perspective is presented on the future development, challenges, and potential opportunities of TMDC coexisting phases. This review aims to provide insights into the phase engineering of 2D materials for both scientific and engineering communities and contribute to further advancements in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wu
- School of Physics and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhiming Wu
- School of Physics and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Vanessa Li Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting Yu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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11
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Zhao JW, Wang HY, Feng L, Zhu JZ, Liu JX, Li WX. Crystal-Phase Engineering in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:164-209. [PMID: 38044580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a chemical reaction is critically dependent on the electronic and/or geometric structures of a material in heterogeneous catalysis. Over the past century, the Sabatier principle has already provided a conceptual framework for optimal catalyst design by adjusting the electronic structure of the catalytic material via a change in composition. Beyond composition, it is essential to recognize that the geometric atomic structures of a catalyst, encompassing terraces, edges, steps, kinks, and corners, have a substantial impact on the activity and selectivity of a chemical reaction. Crystal-phase engineering has the capacity to bring about substantial alterations in the electronic and geometric configurations of a catalyst, enabling control over coordination numbers, morphological features, and the arrangement of surface atoms. Modulating the crystallographic phase is therefore an important strategy for improving the stability, activity, and selectivity of catalytic materials. Nonetheless, a complete understanding of how the performance depends on the crystal phase of a catalyst remains elusive, primarily due to the absence of a molecular-level view of active sites across various crystal phases. In this review, we primarily focus on assessing the dependence of catalytic performance on crystal phases to elucidate the challenges and complexities inherent in heterogeneous catalysis, ultimately aiming for improved catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hong-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin-Ze Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin-Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Wei-Xue Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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12
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Liao L, Kovalska E, Regner J, Song Q, Sofer Z. Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Thin Film and Device. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303638. [PMID: 37731156 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of thin-film electronics, the emergence of large-area flexible and wearable devices has been a significant milestone. Although organic semiconductor thin films, which can be manufactured through solution processing, have been identified, their utility is often undermined by their poor stability and low carrier mobility under ambient conditions. However, inorganic nanomaterials can be solution-processed and demonstrate outstanding intrinsic properties and structural stability. In particular, a series of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet/nanoparticle materials have been shown to form stable colloids in their respective solvents. However, the integration of these 2D nanomaterials into continuous large-area thin with precise control of layer thickness and lattice orientation still remains a significant challenge. This review paper undertakes a detailed analysis of van der Waals thin films, derived from 2D materials, in the advancement of thin-film electronics and optoelectronic devices. The superior intrinsic properties and structural stability of inorganic nanomaterials are highlighted, which can be solution-processed and underscor the importance of solution-based processing, establishing it as a cornerstone strategy for scalable electronic and optoelectronic applications. A comprehensive exploration of the challenges and opportunities associated with the utilization of 2D materials for the next generation of thin-film electronics and optoelectronic devices is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liao
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Evgeniya Kovalska
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, Department of Engineering, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Jakub Regner
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Qunliang Song
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
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13
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Wang K, Zhou Y, Cheng L, Li D, Hu Z, Chen S, Wu C, Song L, Ge B. Engineering Phase Transition from 2H to 1T in MoSe 2 by W Cluster Doping toward Lithium-Ion Battery. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21257-21264. [PMID: 38069815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Phase engineering synthesis strategy is extremely challenging to achieve stable metallic phase molybdenum diselenide for a better physicochemical property than the thermodynamically stable semiconducting phase. Herein, we introduce tungsten atom clusters into the MoSe2 layered structure, realizing the phase transition from the 2H semiconductor to 1T metallic phase at a high temperature. The combination of synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Cs-corrected transmission electron microscopy, and theoretical calculation demonstrates that the aggregation doping of W atoms is the factor of MoSe2 structure transformation. When utilizing this distinct structure as an anode component, it demonstrates outstanding rate capability and durability. After 500 cycles, this results in a specific capacity of 1007.4 mAh g-1 at 500 mA g-1. These discoveries could open the door for the future development of high-performance anodes for ion battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lixun Cheng
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Institute of Amorphous Matter Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Zhihao Hu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuangming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Chuanqiang Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Li Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Binghui Ge
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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14
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Mahmoudi A, Bouaziz M, Chapuis N, Kremer G, Chaste J, Romanin D, Pala M, Bertran F, Fèvre PL, Gerber IC, Patriarche G, Oehler F, Wallart X, Ouerghi A. Quasi van der Waals Epitaxy of Rhombohedral-Stacked Bilayer WSe 2 on GaP(111) Heterostructure. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21307-21316. [PMID: 37856436 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The growth of bilayers of two-dimensional (2D) materials on conventional 3D semiconductors results in 2D/3D hybrid heterostructures, which can provide additional advantages over more established 3D semiconductors while retaining some specificities of 2D materials. Understanding and exploiting these phenomena hinge on knowing the electronic properties and the hybridization of these structures. Here, we demonstrate that a rhombohedral-stacked bilayer (AB stacking) can be obtained by molecular beam epitaxy growth of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) on a gallium phosphide (GaP) substrate. We confirm the presence of 3R-stacking of the WSe2 bilayer structure using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Also, we report high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on our rhombohedral-stacked WSe2 bilayer grown on a GaP(111)B substrate. Our ARPES measurements confirm the expected valence band structure of WSe2 with the band maximum located at the Γ point of the Brillouin zone. The epitaxial growth of WSe2/GaP(111)B helps to understand the fundamental properties of these 2D/3D heterostructures, toward their implementation in future devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Mahmoudi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Meryem Bouaziz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Niels Chapuis
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, JUNIA ISEN, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts de France, UMR 8520-IEMN F59000 Lille, France
| | - Geoffroy Kremer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Julien Chaste
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Davide Romanin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marco Pala
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - François Bertran
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Patrick Le Fèvre
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Iann C Gerber
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Fabrice Oehler
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Xavier Wallart
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, JUNIA ISEN, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts de France, UMR 8520-IEMN F59000 Lille, France
| | - Abdelkarim Ouerghi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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15
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Yun Q, Ge Y, Shi Z, Liu J, Wang X, Zhang A, Huang B, Yao Y, Luo Q, Zhai L, Ge J, Peng Y, Gong C, Zhao M, Qin Y, Ma C, Wang G, Wa Q, Zhou X, Li Z, Li S, Zhai W, Yang H, Ren Y, Wang Y, Li L, Ruan X, Wu Y, Chen B, Lu Q, Lai Z, He Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang H. Recent Progress on Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37962496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As a key structural parameter, phase depicts the arrangement of atoms in materials. Normally, a nanomaterial exists in its thermodynamically stable crystal phase. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with unconventional crystal phases, which rarely exist in their bulk counterparts, or amorphous phase have been prepared using carefully controlled reaction conditions. Together these methods are beginning to enable phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN), i.e., the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases and the transformation between different phases, to obtain desired properties and functions. This Review summarizes the research progress in the field of PEN. First, we present representative strategies for the direct synthesis of unconventional phases and modulation of phase transformation in diverse kinds of nanomaterials. We cover the synthesis of nanomaterials ranging from metal nanostructures such as Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, and Ru, and their alloys; metal oxides, borides, and carbides; to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and 2D layered materials. We review synthesis and growth methods ranging from wet-chemical reduction and seed-mediated epitaxial growth to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high pressure phase transformation, and electron and ion-beam irradiation. After that, we summarize the significant influence of phase on the various properties of unconventional-phase nanomaterials. We also discuss the potential applications of the developed unconventional-phase nanomaterials in different areas including catalysis, electrochemical energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), solar cells, optoelectronics, and sensing. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and future research directions in PEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbai Yun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinxin Luo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjie Ge
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengtao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yutian Qin
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingbo Wa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xichen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongji Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lujing Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyang Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qipeng Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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16
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Zhong L, Pi Y, Gao Y, He Y, Wang L, Liu D, Lin L. Building hybrid structure of monolayered S-depleted Mo-S nanocrystals and 3D graphene towards promising aqueous supercapacitor applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:035401. [PMID: 37827143 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad02a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) 1H molybdenum disulfide (1H-MoS2) is hard to be directly used in energy storage devices due to its inert basal plane and unfavorable 2D stacking. This work demonstrated how the basal plane of 1H MoS2nanocrystals (NCs) can be activated to offer doubled specific capacitance by simple surface S depletions. Building on the expanded graphene with three-dimensional (3D) structures, as-prepared NCs were chemically grafted on the graphene surface to deliver stable energy storage and high capacitance, which overcame above challenges of 1H-MoS2. Aside from the mostly focused metastable phase, this work confirmed that the stable 1H Mo-S material is also promising in energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longsheng Zhong
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuancheng Pi
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gao
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao He
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezheng Liu
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxu Lin
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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17
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Osella S, Goddard III WA. CO 2 Reduction to Methane and Ethylene on a Single-Atom Catalyst: A Grand Canonical Quantum Mechanics Study. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21319-21329. [PMID: 37729535 PMCID: PMC10557142 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2D MOF) have attracted great interest for their ease of synthesis and for their catalytic activities and semiconducting properties. The appeal of these materials is that they are layered and easily exfoliated to obtain a monolayer (or few layer) material with interesting optoelectronic properties. Moreover, they have great potential for CO2 reduction to obtain solar fuels with more than one carbon atom, such as ethylene and ethanol, in addition to methane and methanol. In this paper, we explore how a particular class of 2D MOF based on a phthalocyanine core provides the reactive center for the production of ethylene and ethanol. We examine the reaction mechanism using the new grand canonical potential kinetics (GCP-K) or grand canonical quantum mechanics (GC-QM) computational methodology, which obtains reaction rates at constant applied potential to compare directly with experimental results (rather than at constant electrons as in standard QM). We explain the reaction mechanism underlying the formation of methane and ethylene. Here, the key reaction step is direct coupling of CO into CHO, without the usual rate-determining CO-CO dimerization step observed on Cu metal surfaces. Indeed, the 2D MOF behaves like a single-atom catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Osella
- Chemical
and Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center (MSC), California
Institute of Technology, MC 139-74, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A. Goddard III
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center (MSC), California
Institute of Technology, MC 139-74, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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18
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Wang S, Xue J, Xu D, He J, Dai Y, Xia T, Huang Y, He Q, Duan X, Lin Z. Electrochemical molecular intercalation and exfoliation of solution-processable two-dimensional crystals. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:2814-2837. [PMID: 37525001 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical molecular intercalation of layered semiconducting crystals with organic cations followed by ultrasonic exfoliation has proven to be an effective approach to producing a rich family of organic/inorganic hybrid superlattices and high-quality, solution-processable 2D semiconductors. A traditional method for exfoliating 2D crystals relies on the intercalation of inorganic alkali metal cations. The organic cations (e.g., alkyl chain-substituted quaternary ammonium cations) are much larger than their inorganic counterparts, and the bulky molecular structure endows distinct intercalation and exfoliation chemistry, as well as molecular tunability. By using this protocol, many layered 2D crystals (including graphene, black phosphorus and versatile metal chalcogenides) can be electrochemically intercalated with organic quaternary alkylammonium cations. Subsequent solution-phase exfoliation of the intercalated compounds is realized by regular bath sonication for a short period (5-30 min) to produce free-standing, thin 2D nanosheets. It is also possible to graft additional ligands on the nanosheet surface. The thickness of the exfoliated nanosheets can be measured by using atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Modifying the chemical structure and geometrical configuration of alkylammonium cations results in different exfoliation behavior and a family of versatile organic/inorganic hybrid superlattices with tunable physical/chemical properties. The whole protocol takes ~6 h for the successful production of stable, ultrathin 2D nanosheet dispersion in solution and another 11 h for depositing thin films and transferring them onto an arbitrary surface. This protocol does not require expertise beyond basic electrochemistry knowledge and conventional colloidal nanocrystal synthesis and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jing He
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongping Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyi Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qiyuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Zhaoyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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19
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Kim BH, Yang JY, Park KH, Lee D, Song SH. Competitive Effects of Oxidation and Quantum Confinement on Modulation of the Photophysical Properties of Metallic-Phase Tungsten Dichalcogenide Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2075. [PMID: 37513086 PMCID: PMC10385026 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Metallic-phase transition metal dichalcogenide quantum dots (TMDs-mQDs) have been reported in recent years. However, a dominant mechanism for modulating their intrinsic exciton behaviors has not been determined yet as their size is close to the Bohr radius. Herein, we demonstrate that the oxidation effect prevails over quantum confinement on metallic-phase tungsten dichalcogenide QDs (WX2-mQDs; X = S, Se) when the QD size becomes larger than the exciton Bohr radius. WX2-mQDs with a diameter of ~12 nm show an obvious change in their photophysical properties when the pH of the solution changes from 2 to 11 compared to changing the size from ~3 nm. Meanwhile, we found that quantum confinement is the dominant function for the optical spectroscopic results in the WX2-mQDs with a size of ~3 nm. This is because the oxidation of the larger WX2-mQDs induces sub-energy states, thus enabling excitons to migrate into the lower defect energy states, whereas in WX2-mQDs with a size comparable to the exciton Bohr radius, protonation enhances the quantum confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Powder Materials and Parts, Kongju National University, Cheonan 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Yang
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Powder Materials and Parts, Kongju National University, Cheonan 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Park
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Powder Materials and Parts, Kongju National University, Cheonan 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - DongJu Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Song
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Powder Materials and Parts, Kongju National University, Cheonan 32588, Republic of Korea
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20
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Schiettecatte P, Singh S, Zhou P, Hens Z. The Dynamic Interaction of Surfactants with Colloidal Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets Calls for Thermodynamic Stabilization by Solvents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6568-6579. [PMID: 37095622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Top-down liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) and bottom-up hot-injection synthesis are scalable methods to produce colloids of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) solids. Generally thought off as two entirely different fields, we show that similar stabilization mechanisms apply to colloids of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) produced by both methods. By screening the colloidal stability of MoS2 produced in a hot-injection synthesis in a wide range of solvents, we observe that colloidal stability can be understood based on solution thermodynamics, wherein matching the solubility parameter of solvent and nanomaterial maximizes colloidal stability. Identical to MoS2 produced through LPE, optimal solvents to disperse MoS2 produced from the bottom-up have similar solubility parameters of ≈22 MPa1/2 and include aromatic solvents with polar functionalities, such as o-dichlorobenzene, and polar aprotic solvents, such as N,N-dimethylformamide. We further complemented our findings by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrscopy, highlighting that organic surfactants, such as oleylamine and oleic acid, have a minimal affinity toward the nanocrystal surface and engage in a highly dynamic adsorption/desorption equilibrium. We thus conclude that hot injection yields MoS2 colloids with comparable surfaces as those produced by LPE. These similarities might offer the prospect of using established procedures developed for LPE nanomaterials to postprocess colloidally synthesized dispersions of 2D colloids as processable inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Schiettecatte
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Unviersity of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Pengshang Zhou
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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21
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Yang Y, Jia L, Wang D, Zhou J. Advanced Strategies in Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Materials with Different Compositions and Phases. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201585. [PMID: 36739597 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, 2D materials-Ma Xb with different compositions and phases have attracted tremendous attention due to their diverse structures and electronic features. The common thermodynamically stable 2H and metastable 1T phases have been extensively studied, however, there are many unusual compositions and phases with novel physical properties that have yet to be explored. Therefore, summarization of the synthesis strategies, atomic structures, and the unique physical properties of 2D materials with different compositions and phases is very important for their development. In this review, the strategies including chemical vapor deposition, intercalation, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor transport, and electrostatic gating for synthesizing various 2D materials with different phases and compositions are first summarized. Specially, the intercalation strategies including heterogeneous- and self-intercalation for controllable phases and compositions fabrication are mainly discussed. Then, the novel atomic structures of 2D materials are analyzed, followed by the fascinating physical properties including ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and so on. Finally, the conclusion and outlook are offered including the challenges and future prospects of 2D materials with different compositions and phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dainan Wang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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22
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Pace G, Del Rio Castillo AE, Lamperti A, Lauciello S, Bonaccorso F. 2D Materials-based Electrochemical Triboelectric Nanogenerators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211037. [PMID: 36994787 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The integration of 2D materials in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is known to increase the mechanical-to-electrical power conversion efficiency. 2D materials are used in TENGs with multiple roles as triboelectric material, charge-trapping fillers, or as electrodes. Here, novel TENGs based on few-layers graphene (FLG) electrodes and stable gel electrolytes composed of liquid phase exfoliated 2D-transition metal dichalcogenides and polyvinyl alcohol are developed. TENGs embedding FLG and gel composites show competitive open-circuit voltage (≈ 300 V), instant peak power (530 mW m-2 ), and stability (> 11 months). These values correspond to a seven-fold higher electrical output compared to TENGs embedding bare FLG electrodes. It is demonstrated that such a significant improvement depends on the high electrical double-layer capacitance (EDLC) of FLG electrodes functionalized with the gel composites. The wet encapsulation of the TENGs is shown to be an effective strategy to increase their power output further highlighting the EDLC role. It is also shown that the EDLC is dependent upon the transition metal (W vs Mo) rather than the relative abundance of 1T or 2H phases. Overall, this work lays down the roots for novel sustainable electrochemical-(e)-TENGs developed exploiting strategies typically used in electrochemical capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Pace
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems - National Research Council (IMM-CNR), Via C. Olivetti 2, Agrate, Milan, 20864, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 30, Genova, 16136, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Lamperti
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems - National Research Council (IMM-CNR), Via C. Olivetti 2, Agrate, Milan, 20864, Italy
| | - Simone Lauciello
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 30, Genova, 16136, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 30, Genova, 16136, Italy
- BeDimensional S.p.A, Via Lungotorrente Secca 30R, Genova, 16163, Italy
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23
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Grand Canonical Quantum Mechanics with Applications to Mechanisms and Rates for Electrocatalysis. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-023-01794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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24
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Barrio J, Pedersen A, Favero S, Luo H, Wang M, Sarma SC, Feng J, Ngoc LTT, Kellner S, Li AY, Jorge Sobrido AB, Titirici MM. Bioinspired and Bioderived Aqueous Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2311-2348. [PMID: 36354420 PMCID: PMC9999430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient and sustainable electrochemical systems able to provide clean-energy fuels and chemicals is one of the main current challenges of materials science and engineering. Over the last decades, significant advances have been made in the development of robust electrocatalysts for different reactions, with fundamental insights from both computational and experimental work. Some of the most promising systems in the literature are based on expensive and scarce platinum-group metals; however, natural enzymes show the highest per-site catalytic activities, while their active sites are based exclusively on earth-abundant metals. Additionally, natural biomass provides a valuable feedstock for producing advanced carbonaceous materials with porous hierarchical structures. Utilizing resources and design inspiration from nature can help create more sustainable and cost-effective strategies for manufacturing cost-effective, sustainable, and robust electrochemical materials and devices. This review spans from materials to device engineering; we initially discuss the design of carbon-based materials with bioinspired features (such as enzyme active sites), the utilization of biomass resources to construct tailored carbon materials, and their activity in aqueous electrocatalysis for water splitting, oxygen reduction, and CO2 reduction. We then delve in the applicability of bioinspired features in electrochemical devices, such as the engineering of bioinspired mass transport and electrode interfaces. Finally, we address remaining challenges, such as the stability of bioinspired active sites or the activity of metal-free carbon materials, and discuss new potential research directions that can open the gates to the implementation of bioinspired sustainable materials in electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Barrio
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Angus Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Silvia Favero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Mengnan Wang
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Saurav Ch Sarma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Jingyu Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Linh Tran Thi Ngoc
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Simon Kellner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Alain You Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Ana Belén Jorge Sobrido
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Maria-Magdalena Titirici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8577, Japan
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25
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Carey T, Cassidy O, Synnatschke K, Caffrey E, Garcia J, Liu S, Kaur H, Kelly AG, Munuera J, Gabbett C, O’Suilleabhain D, Coleman JN. High-Mobility Flexible Transistors with Low-Temperature Solution-Processed Tungsten Dichalcogenides. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2912-2922. [PMID: 36720070 PMCID: PMC9933598 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of high-mobility two-dimensional (2D) flakes beyond molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) will be necessary to create a library of high-mobility solution-processed networks that conform to substrates and remain functional over thousands of bending cycles. Here we report electrochemical exfoliation of large-aspect-ratio (>100) semiconducting flakes of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) as well as MoS2 as a comparison. We use Langmuir-Schaefer coating to achieve highly aligned and conformal flake networks, with minimal mesoporosity (∼2-5%), at low processing temperatures (120 °C) and without acid treatments. This allows us to fabricate electrochemical transistors in ambient air, achieving average mobilities of μMoS2 ≈ 11 cm2 V-1 s-1, μWS2 ≈ 9 cm2 V-1 s-1, and μWSe2 ≈ 2 cm2 V-1 s-1 with a current on/off ratios of Ion/Ioff ≈ 2.6 × 103, 3.4 × 103, and 4.2 × 104 for MoS2, WS2, and WSe2, respectively. Moreover, our transistors display threshold voltages near ∼0.4 V with subthreshold slopes as low as 182 mV/dec, which are essential factors in maintaining power efficiency and represent a 1 order of magnitude improvement in the state of the art. Furthermore, the performance of our WSe2 transistors is maintained on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) even after 1000 bending cycles at 1% strain.
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26
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Sokolikova MS, Cheng G, Och M, Palczynski P, El Hajraoui K, Ramasse QM, Mattevi C. Tuning the 1T'/2H phases in W xMo 1-xSe 2 nanosheets. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2714-2725. [PMID: 36651927 PMCID: PMC9909680 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05631c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Controlling materials' morphology, crystal phase and chemical composition at the atomic scale has become central in materials research. Wet chemistry approaches have great potential in directing the material crystallisation process to achieve tuneable chemical compositions as well as to target specific crystal phases. Herein, we report the compositional and crystal phase tuneability achieved in the quasi-binary WxMo1-xSe2 system with chemical and crystal phase mixing down to the atomic level. A series of WxMo1-xSe2 solid solutions in the form of nanoflowers with atomically thin petals were obtained via a direct colloidal reaction by systematically varying the ratios of transition metal precursors. We investigate the effect of selenium precursor on the morphology of the WxMo1-xSe2 material and show how using elemental selenium can enable the formation of larger and distinct nanoflowers. While the synthesised materials are compositionally homogeneous, they exhibit crystal phase heterogeneity with the co-existing domains of the 1T' and 2H crystal phases, and with evidence of MoSe2 in the metastable 1T' phase. We show at single atom level of resolution, that tungsten and molybdenum can be found in both the 1T' and 2H lattices. The formation of heterophase 1T'/2H WxMo1-xSe2 electrocatalysts allowed for a considerable improvement in the activity for the acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) compared to pristine, 1T'-dominated, WSe2. This work can pave the way towards engineered functional nanomaterials where properties, such as electronic and catalytic, have to be controlled at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Mauro Och
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Pawel Palczynski
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Khalil El Hajraoui
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury WA4 4AD, UK
- York NanoCentre & Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Quentin M Ramasse
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury WA4 4AD, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy & School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Cecilia Mattevi
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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27
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Giri A, Park G, Jeong U. Layer-Structured Anisotropic Metal Chalcogenides: Recent Advances in Synthesis, Modulation, and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3329-3442. [PMID: 36719999 PMCID: PMC10103142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The unique electronic and catalytic properties emerging from low symmetry anisotropic (1D and 2D) metal chalcogenides (MCs) have generated tremendous interest for use in next generation electronics, optoelectronics, electrochemical energy storage devices, and chemical sensing devices. Despite many proof-of-concept demonstrations so far, the full potential of anisotropic chalcogenides has yet to be investigated. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress made in the synthesis, mechanistic understanding, property modulation strategies, and applications of the anisotropic chalcogenides. It begins with an introduction to the basic crystal structures, and then the unique physical and chemical properties of 1D and 2D MCs. Controlled synthetic routes for anisotropic MC crystals are summarized with example advances in the solution-phase synthesis, vapor-phase synthesis, and exfoliation. Several important approaches to modulate dimensions, phases, compositions, defects, and heterostructures of anisotropic MCs are discussed. Recent significant advances in applications are highlighted for electronics, optoelectronic devices, catalysts, batteries, supercapacitors, sensing platforms, and thermoelectric devices. The article ends with prospects for future opportunities and challenges to be addressed in the academic research and practical engineering of anisotropic MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP-211002, India
| | - Gyeongbae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-Ro 77, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk790-784, Korea.,Functional Materials and Components R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Gwahakdanji-ro 137-41, Sacheon-myeon, Gangneung, Gangwon-do25440, Republic of Korea
| | - Unyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-Ro 77, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk790-784, Korea
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28
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Williams N, Hahn K, Goodman R, Chen X, Gu J. Surface Reorganization of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanoflowers for Efficient Electrochemical Coenzyme Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3925-3933. [PMID: 36629401 PMCID: PMC9880950 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the past 20 years, enzymatic conversions have been intensely examined as a practical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional organocatalytic conversions for chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediate production. Out of all commercial enzymes, more than one-fourth are oxidoreductases that operate in tandem with coenzymes, typically nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Enzymes utilize coenzymes as a source for electrons, protons, or holes. Unfortunately, coenzymes can be exorbitant; thus, recycling coenzymes is paramount to establishing a sustainable and affordable cell-free enzymatic catalyst system. Herein, cost-effective transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), 2H-MoS2, 2H-WS2, and 2H-WSe2, were employed for the first time for direct electrochemical reduction of NAD+ to the active form of the NADH (1,4-NADH). Of the three TMDCs, 2H-WSe2 shows optimal activity, producing 1,4 NADH at a rate of 6.5 μmol cm-2 h-1 and a faradaic efficiency of 45% at -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl. Interestingly, a self-induced surface reorganization process was identified, where the native surface oxide grown in the air was spontaneously removed in the electrochemical process, resulting in the activation of TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Williams
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California92182, United States
| | - Karley Hahn
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California92182, United States
| | - Ryan Goodman
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California92182, United States
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Catalytic
Carbon Transformation and Scale Up Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado80401, United States
| | - Jing Gu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego
State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California92182, United States
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29
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Kagkoura A, Stangel C, Arenal R, Tagmatarchis N. Molybdenum Diselenide and Tungsten Diselenide Interfacing Cobalt-Porphyrin for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline and Acidic Media. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:35. [PMID: 36615945 PMCID: PMC9824367 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Easy and effective modification approaches for transition metal dichalcogenides are highly desired in order to make them active toward electrocatalysis. In this manner, we report functionalized molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) and tungsten diselenide (WSe2) via metal-ligand coordination with pyridine rings for the subsequent covalent grafting of a cobalt-porphyrin. The new hybrid materials were tested towards an electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkaline media and showed enhanced activity compared to intact MoSe2 and WSe2. Hybrids exhibited lower overpotential, easier reaction kinetics, higher conductivity, and excellent stability after 10,000 ongoing cycles in acidic and alkaline electrolytes compared to MoSe2 and WSe2. Markedly, MoSe2-based hybrid material showed the best performance and marked a significantly low onset potential of -0.17 V vs RHE for acidic hydrogen evolution reaction. All in all, the ease and fast modification route provides a versatile functionalization procedure, extendable to other transition metal dichalcogenides, and can open new pathways for the realization of functional nanomaterials suitable in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Kagkoura
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Stangel
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Raul Arenal
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC-U. de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID Foundation, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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30
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Alagh A, Annanouch FE, Sierra-Castillo A, Haye E, Colomer JF, Llobet E. Three-Dimensional Assemblies of Edge-Enriched WSe 2 Nanoflowers for Selectively Detecting Ammonia or Nitrogen Dioxide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54946-54960. [PMID: 36469520 PMCID: PMC9756288 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present, for the first time, a chemoresistive-type gas sensor composed of two-dimensional WSe2, fabricated by a simple selenization of tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanowires at atmospheric pressure. The morphological, structural, and chemical composition investigation shows the growth of vertically oriented three-dimensional (3D) assemblies of edge-enriched WSe2 nanoplatelets arrayed in a nanoflower shape. The gas sensing properties of flowered nanoplatelets (2H-WSe2) are investigated thoroughly toward specific gases (NH3 and NO2) at different operating temperatures. The integration of 3D WSe2 with unique structural arrangements resulted in exceptional gas sensing characteristics with dual selectivity toward NH3 and NO2 gases. Selectivity can be tuned by selecting its operating temperature (150 °C for NH3 and 100 °C for NO2). For instance, the sensor has shown stable and reproducible responses (24.5%) toward 40 ppm NH3 vapor detection with an experimental LoD < 2 ppm at moderate temperatures. The gas detecting capabilities for CO, H2, C6H6, and NO2 were also investigated to better comprehend the selectivity of the nanoflower sensor. Sensors showed repeatable responses with high sensitivity to NO2 molecules at a substantially lower operating temperature (100 °C) (even at room temperature) and LoD < 0.1 ppm. However, the gas sensing properties reveal high selectivity toward NH3 gas at moderate operating temperatures. Moreover, the sensor demonstrated high resilience against ambient humidity (Rh = 50%), demonstrating its remarkable stability toward NH3 gas detection. Considering the detection of NO2 in a humid ambient atmosphere, there was a modest increase in the sensor response (5.5%). Furthermore, four-month long-term stability assessments were also taken toward NH3 gas detection, and sensors showed excellent response stability. Therefore, this study highlights the practical application of the 2H variant of WSe2 nanoflower gas sensors for NH3 vapor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Alagh
- Department
d’Enginyeria Electronica, Universitat
Rovira I Virgili, Avenida Paisos Catalans 26, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fatima Ezahra Annanouch
- Department
d’Enginyeria Electronica, Universitat
Rovira I Virgili, Avenida Paisos Catalans 26, 43007Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ayrton Sierra-Castillo
- Laboratoire
de Physique du Solide (LPS), Namur Institute
of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 500Namur, Belgium
| | - Emile Haye
- Laboratoire
d’Analyse par Réactions Nucléaires (LARN), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Université
de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles
61, 5000Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Colomer
- Laboratoire
de Physique du Solide (LPS), Namur Institute
of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 500Namur, Belgium
| | - Eduard Llobet
- Department
d’Enginyeria Electronica, Universitat
Rovira I Virgili, Avenida Paisos Catalans 26, 43007Tarragona, Spain
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31
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Geisenhoff JQ, Yin H, Oget N, Chang H, Chen L, Schimpf AM. Controlled CO labilization of tungsten carbonyl precursors for the low-temperature synthesis of tungsten diselenide nanocrystals. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1026635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a low-temperature colloidal synthesis of WSe2 nanocrystals from tungsten hexacarbonyl and diphenyl diselenide in trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). We identify TOPO-substituted intermediates, W(CO)5TOPO and cis-W(CO)4(TOPO)2 by infrared spectroscopy. To confirm these assignments, we synthesize aryl analogues of phosphine-oxide-substituted intermediates, W(CO)5TPPO (synthesized previously, TPPO = triphenylphosphine oxide) and cis-W(CO)4(TPPO)2 and fac-W(CO)3(TPPO)3 (new structures reported herein). Ligation of the tungsten carbonyl by either the alkyl or aryl phosphine oxides results in facile labilization of the remaining CO, enabling low-temperature decomposition to nucleate WSe2 nanocrystals. The reactivity in phosphine oxides is contrasted with syntheses containing phosphine ligands, where substitution results in decreased CO labilization and higher temperatures are required to induce nanocrystal nucleation.
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32
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Cui F, Han M, Zhou W, Lai C, Chen Y, Su J, Wang J, Li H, Hu Y. Superlattice-Stabilized WSe 2 Cathode for Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2201281. [PMID: 36351768 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs), with abundant aluminum reserves, low cost, and high safety, give them outstanding advantages in the postlithium batteries era. However, the high charge density (364 C mm-3 ) and large binding energy of three-electron-charge aluminum ions (Al3+ ) de-intercalation usually lead to irreversible structural deterioration and decayed battery performance. Herein, to mitigate these inherent defects from Al3+ , an unexplored family of superlattice-type tungsten selenide-sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) (S-WSe2 ) cathode in RABs with a stably crystal structure, expanded interlayer, and enhanced Al-ion diffusion kinetic process is proposed. Benefiting from the unique advantage of superlattice-type structure, the anionic surfactant SDBS in S-WSe2 can effectively tune the interlayer spacing of WSe2 with released crystal strain from high-charge-density Al3+ and achieve impressively long-term cycle stability (110 mAh g-1 over 1500 cycles at 2.0 A g-1 ). Meanwhile, the optimized S-WSe2 cathode with intrinsic negative attraction of SDBS significantly accelerates the Al3+ diffusion process with one of the best rate performances (165 mAh g-1 at 2.0 A g-1 ) in RABs. The findings of this study pave a new direction toward durable and high-performance electrode materials for RABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Mingshan Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Chen Lai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Su
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
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33
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Velpandian M, Ummethala G, Malladi SK, Meduri P. Heterostructures of tin and tungsten selenides for robust overall water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:561-573. [PMID: 35598485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Layered transition metal selenides have garnered increased attention in recent times as non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting. Tungsten diselenide @ tin diselenide heterostructures in the present study significantly increase the electrochemical performance of oxygen evolution reaction with a low overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and high stability for 16 h (8.9 % loss), hydrogen evolution reaction with a low overpotential of 180 mV at 10 mA cm-2 with a 21.9% loss in 16 h. The overall water splitting using a lab-size electrolyzer shows a low cell voltage (1.52 V @ 10 mA cm-2) and high durability for 50 h (15.2% loss @ 10 mA cm-2 and 4.4% loss @ 50 mA cm-2). As a result, the heterostructures have demonstrated their ability to handle multiple challenges in energy conversion systems due to their unique properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthuraja Velpandian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Govind Ummethala
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Sairam K Malladi
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Praveen Meduri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
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34
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Kwon IS, Kwak IH, Kang HS, Park J. Molecular intercalation of transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets to enhance electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ik Seon Kwon
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry Korea University Seojong South Korea
| | - In Hye Kwak
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry Korea University Seojong South Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Nano and Advanced Materials Jeonju University South Korea
| | - Jeunghee Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry Korea University Seojong South Korea
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35
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Ngo TD, Choi MS, Lee M, Ali F, Hassan Y, Ali N, Liu S, Lee C, Hone J, Yoo WJ. Selective Electron Beam Patterning of Oxygen-Doped WSe 2 for Seamless Lateral Junction Transistors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202465. [PMID: 35853245 PMCID: PMC9475546 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Surface charge transfer doping (SCTD) using oxygen plasma to form a p-type dopant oxide layer on transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDs) is a promising doping technique for 2D TMDs field-effect transistors (FETs). However, patternability of SCTD is a key challenge to effectively switch FETs. Herein, a simple method to selectively pattern degenerately p-type (p+ )-doped WSe2 FETs via electron beam (e-beam) irradiation is reported. The effect of the selective e-beam irradiation is confirmed by the gate-tunable optical responses of seamless lateral p+ -p diodes. The OFF state of the devices by inducing trapped charges via selective e-beam irradiation onto a desired channel area in p+ -doped WSe2 , which is in sharp contrast to globally p+ -doped WSe2 FETs, is realized. Selective e-beam irradiation of the PMMA-passivated p+ -WSe2 enables accurate control of the threshold voltage (Vth ) of WSe2 devices by varying the pattern size and e-beam dose, while preserving the low contact resistance. By utilizing hBN as the gate dielectric, high-performance WSe2 p-FETs with a saturation current of -280 µA µm-1 and on/off ratio of 109 are achieved. This study's technique demonstrates a facile approach to obtain high-performance TMD p-FETs by e-beam irradiation, enabling efficient switching and patternability toward various junction devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien Dat Ngo
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Min Sup Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Myeongjin Lee
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Fida Ali
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Yasir Hassan
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Nasir Ali
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Changgu Lee
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
- School of Mechanical EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419South Korea
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Won Jong Yoo
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi‐do16419Korea
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36
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Li Y, Zhang L, Xiao J, Zhang W. Feather-like few-layer WSe 2 nanosheets grown on W substrates: an excellent electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3142-3148. [PMID: 36132811 PMCID: PMC9418137 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00321j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of few-layer WS2 nanosheets and WSe2 nanosheets were directly grown on W substrates via a scalable infrared-heating CVD method. The WSe2 nanosheets are in a unique feather-like assembly, and mainly composed of the 2H phase, while the presence of a metallic 1T phase was confirmed through atomic resolution TEM observation. Feather-like WSe2 nanosheets delivered excellent electrocatalytic performances for the HER in acid, including a low overpotential of 141 mV to yield a current at 10 mA cm-2, and superb long-term stability at high currents. The highly efficient electrocatalysis is mainly attributed to the unique feather-like morphology of the WSe2 nanosheets with numerous sharp barbules to help maximize the exposed edge sites, along with other beneficial factors including the presence of a 1T phase and slight O-doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Li
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Jingchao Xiao
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
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37
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Park YJ, So HS, Hwang H, Jeong DS, Lee HJ, Lim J, Kim CG, Shin HS. Synthesis of 1T WSe 2 on an Oxygen-Containing Substrate Using a Single Precursor. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11059-11065. [PMID: 35776412 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The metallic property of metastable 1T' WSe2 and its promising catalytic performance have attracted considerable interest. A hot injection method has been used to synthesize 1T' WSe2 with a three-dimensional morphology; however, this method requires two or more precursors and long-chain ligands, which inhibit the catalytic performance. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of 1T' WSe2 on a substrate by a simple heating-up method using a single precursor, tetraethylammonium tetraselenotungstate [(Et4N)2WSe4]. The triethylamine produced after the reaction is an electron donor that yields negatively charged WSe2, which is stabilized by triethylammonium cations as intercalants between layers and induces 1T' WSe2. The purity of 1T' WSe2 is higher on oxygen-containing crystalline substrates than amorphous substrates because the strong adhesion between WSe2 and the substrate can produce sufficient triethylammonium (TEA) intercalation. Among the oxygen-containing crystal substrates, the substrate with a lower lattice mismatch with 1T' WSe2 showed higher 1T' purity due to the uniform TEA intercalation. Furthermore, 1T' WSe2 on carbon cloth exhibited a more enhanced catalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (197 mV at 10 mA/cm2) than has been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee-Soo So
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseoung, Deajeon 305-600, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jongsun Lim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseoung, Deajeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Chang Gyoun Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseoung, Deajeon 305-600, Korea
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38
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Lai Z, Yao Y, Li S, Ma L, Zhang Q, Ge Y, Zhai W, Chi B, Chen B, Li L, Wang L, Zheng Z, Gu L, Du Y, Zhang H. Salt-Assisted 2H-to-1T' Phase Transformation of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201194. [PMID: 35436380 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) has demonstrated great potential in the fields of catalysis, electronics, energy storage and conversion, and condensed matter physics. Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with unconventional metastable phases (e.g., 1T and 1T') have attracted increasing research interest due to their unique and appealing physicochemical properties. However, there is still a lack of a simple, universal, and controlled method for the preparation of large-scale and high-purity unconventional-phase TMD crystals, restricting their further fundamental study and practical applications. Here, a facile, one-step salt-assisted general strategy is reported for the controlled phase transformation of commercially available TMDs with conventional 2H phase, yielding a large amount of metastable 1T'-phase TMDs, including WS2 , WSe2 , MoS2 , and MoSe2 . It is found that the easily accessible metal salts, such as K2 C2 O4 ·H2 O, K2 CO3 , Na2 CO3 , Rb2 CO3 , Cs2 CO3 , KHCO3 , NaHCO3 , and NaC2 O4 , can be used to assist the 2H-to-1T' phase transformation, greatly simplifying the synthetic process for producing metastable 1T'-TMDs. Importantly, this method can also be used to prepare 1T'-TMD alloys, such as 1T'-WS2 x Se2(1- x ) . This newly developed strategy is robust and highly effective, which can also be used for the phase engineering of other materials with various polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangchai Lai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lu Ma
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co. Ltd, Liyang, 213300, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Banlan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lujiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Research Institute for Smart Energy, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Research Institute for Smart Energy, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yonghua Du
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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39
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Yan K, Hu Y, Suo Y, Qin Y, Chen X. Magnetoresistance of Ni/WSe 2/Ni junctions: robustness against the thickness of WSe 2. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:385001. [PMID: 35696975 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac780e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoresistive materials are vital for the development of storage devices. Using the first-principles transport simulations with nonequilibrium Green's function calculation, we investigate the magnetoresistive properties of Ni/WSe2/Ni junctions withm-layers of WSe2(m= 1, 2, ⋯ ,6). Form≤ 2, the junctions are metallic inspite of the semiconducting nature of few-layer WSe2. However, the junctions exhibit transport gaps form> 2. Interestingly, magnetoresistance of the junctions stays around 6% when there are more than one layer of WSe2in the center, which is closely related to the robust spacial variation of interfacial properties and can be attributed to no spin flipping in tunneling regions. Our results suggest that Ni/WSe2/Ni junctions have a robust magnetoresistance which is insensitive to the thickness of WSe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory on Tunable laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Hu
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory on Tunable laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Suo
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory on Tunable laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Qin
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory on Tunable laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory on Tunable laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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40
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Tursun M, Wu C. Electrocatalytic Reduction of N 2 to NH 3 Over Defective 1T'-WX 2 (X=S, Se, Te) Monolayers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200191. [PMID: 35338584 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Defects in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can serve as active sites in catalytic reactions. In this work, by means of first-principles calculations, the catalytic activities of WX2 (X=S, Se, Te) monolayers in the 1T' phase with both vacancy defects (missing chalcogen atoms, X Vd ) and antisite defects (replacing chalcogen atoms with W atoms, X Ad ) were evaluated for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Results showed that all these defective catalysts had great potential toward electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis by exhibiting low limiting potentials (UL ). Over 1T'-WTe2 @Te Vd , 1T'-WS2 @S Ad , 1T'-WSe2 @Se Ad , and 1T'-WTe2 @Te Ad , the corresponding UL values were -0.49, -0.21, -0.19, and -0.15 V, much smaller than that of the benchmark catalyst, the Ru (0001) surface (UL =-0.98 V). Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was inhibited. 1T'-WX2 monolayers with the antisite defects showed better NRR activity than those with the vacancy defects because of the smaller steric hindrance at the former. Results suggest that the steric effect at the active surface sites should be utilized to develop better catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamutjan Tursun
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashgar University Kashgar, Xinjiang, 844000, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
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41
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Nie K, Qu X, Gao D, Li B, Yuan Y, Liu Q, Li X, Chong S, Liu Z. Engineering Phase Stability of Semimetallic MoS 2 Monolayers for Sustainable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19847-19856. [PMID: 35441503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
1T'-phase MoS2 possesses excellent electrocatalytic performance, but due to the instability of the thermodynamic metastable phase, its actual electrocatalytic effect is seriously limited. Here, we report a wet-chemical synthesis strategy for constructing rGO/1T'-MoS2/CeO2 heterostructures to improve the phase stability of metastable 1T' phase MoS2 monolayers. Importantly, the rGO/1T'-MoS2/CeO2 heterostructure exhibits excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance, which is much better than the 1T'-MoS2 monolayers. The synergistic effects between CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and 1T'-MoS2 monolayers were systematically investigated. 1T'-MoS2 monolayers combined with the cocatalyst of CeO2 NPs can produce lattice strain and distortion on 1T'-MoS2 monolayers, which can tune the energy band structure, charge transfer, and energy barriers of hydrogen atom adsorption (ΔEH), leading to promotion of the phase activity and stability of 1T'-MoS2 monolayers for hydrogen production. Our work offers a feasible method for the preparation of efficient HER electrocatalysts based on the engineering phase stability of metastable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dongwei Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Faculty of Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Shaokun Chong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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42
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Li X, Liu Z, Zhu D, Yan Y, Chen Y. Controllable synthesis of few-layer ammoniated 1T'-phase WS 2 as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5869-5875. [PMID: 35362506 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07542j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) nanosheets have received significant attention as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, especially in their metallic 1T/1T' phase. However, controllable synthesis of few-layer 1T/1T' phase is still a challenge. In the present study, we report a facile two-step hydrothermal method to controllably synthesize few-layer 1T'-phase WS2. By tuning the redox-temperature of (NH4)2WS4 from 160 to 200 °C, the thickness of 1T'-phase WS2 can be adjusted from 4-6 to 20 layers. A higher reversible capacity is achieved in 1T'-phase WS2 with a smaller thickness, but the cycling stability decreases due to the lower crystallinity. The 1T'-phase WS2 synthesized by reduction of (NH4)2WS4 at 180 °C shows a moderate thickness of 10 layers and crystallinity, exhibiting the optimal Li-ion storage properties, i.e. a reversible capacity of 855.9 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1 and a good rate performance of 354.4 mA h g-1 at 5000 mA g-1. These results provide new insights into understanding the impacts of layer number on the Li-ion storage properties of 1T'-phase WS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ding Zhu
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yigang Yan
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yungui Chen
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, China
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43
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Liu Z, Nie K, Qu X, Li X, Li B, Yuan Y, Chong S, Liu P, Li Y, Yin Z, Huang W. General Bottom-Up Colloidal Synthesis of Nano-Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides with High 1T'-Phase Purity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4863-4873. [PMID: 35258958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phase engineering of nanomaterials provides a promising way to explore the phase-dependent physicochemical properties and various applications of nanomaterials. A general bottom-up synthesis method under mild conditions has always been challenging globally for the preparation of the semimetallic phase-transition-metal dichalcogenide (1T'-TMD) monolayers, which are pursued owing to their unique electrochemical property, unavailable in their semiconducting 2H phases. Here, we report the general scalable colloidal synthesis of nanosized 1T'-TMD monolayers, including 1T'-MoS2, 1T'-MoSe2, 1T'-WS2, and 1T'-WSe2, which are revealed to be of high phase purity. Moreover, the surfactant-reliant stacking-hinderable growth mechanism of 1T'-TMD nano-monolayers was unveiled through systematic experiments and theoretical calculations. As a proof-of-concept application, the 1T'-TMD nano-monolayers are used for electrocatalytic hydrogen production in an acidic medium. The 1T'-MoS2 nano-monolayers possess abundant in-plane electrocatalytic active sites and high conductivity, coupled with the contribution of the lattice strain, thus exhibiting excellent performance. Importantly, the catalyst shows impressive endurability in electroactivity. Our developed general scalable strategy could pave the way to extend the synthesis of other broad metastable semimetallic-phase TMDs, which offer great potential to explore novel crystal phase-dependent properties with wide application development for catalysis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Kunkun Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Binjie Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Shaokun Chong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Pei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yunguo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, USTC, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zongyou Yin
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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44
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Kazemi SA, Imani Yengejeh S, Wang V, Wen W, Wang Y. Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T' transition metal dichalcogenide crystals. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:160-171. [PMID: 35186650 PMCID: PMC8822467 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a 1T' layer structure have recently received intense interest due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. While the physicochemical behaviors of 1T' TMD monolayers have been widely investigated, the corresponding properties of layered 1T' TMD crystals have rarely been studied. As TMD monolayers do not have interlayer interactions, their physicochemical properties will differ from those of layered TMD materials. In this study, the electronic and mechanical characteristics of a range of 1T' TMDs are systematically examined by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results reveal that the properties of 1T' TMDs are mainly affected by their anions. The disulfides are stiffer and more rigid, diselenides are more brittle. In addition, the 1T' polytype is softer than 2H TMDs. Comparison with the properties of the monolayers shows that the interlayer van der Waals forces can slightly weaken the TM-X covalent bonding strength, which can further influence the mechanical properties. These insights revealed by our theoretical studies may boost more applications of 1T' TMD materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Alieh Kazemi
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Sadegh Imani Yengejeh
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Vei Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - William Wen
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Yun Wang
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
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45
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Chalcogen···Chalcogen Bonding in Molybdenum Disulfide, Molybdenum Diselenide and Molybdenum Ditelluride Dimers as Prototypes for a Basic Understanding of the Local Interfacial Chemical Bonding Environment in 2D Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An attempt was made, using computational methods, to understand whether the intermolecular interactions in the dimers of molybdenum dichalcogenides MoCh2 (Ch = chalcogen, element of group 16, especially S, Se and Te) and similar mixed-chalcogenide derivatives resemble the room temperature experimentally observed interactions in the interfacial regions of molybdenites and their other mixed-chalcogen derivatives. To this end, MP2(Full)/def2-TVZPPD level electronic structure calculations on nine dimer systems, including (MoCh2)2 and (MoChCh′2)2 (Ch, Ch′ = S, Se and Te), were carried out not only to demonstrate the energetic stability of these systems in the gas phase, but also to reproduce the intermolecular geometrical properties that resemble the interfacial geometries of 2D layered MoCh2 systems reported in the crystalline phase. Among the six DFT functionals (single and double hybrids) benchmarked against MP2(full), it was found that the double hybrid functional B2PLYPD3 has some ability to reproduce the intermolecular geometries and binding energies. The intermolecular geometries and binding energies of all nine dimers are discussed, together with the charge density topological aspects of the chemical bonding interactions that emerge from the application of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), the isosurface topology of the reduced density gradient noncovalent index, interaction region indicator and independent gradient model (IGM) approaches. While the electrostatic surface potential model fails to explain the origin of the S···S interaction in the (MoS2)2 dimer, we show that the intermolecular bonding interactions in all nine dimers examined are a result of hyperconjugative charge transfer delocalizations between the lone-pair on (Ch/Ch′) and/or the π-orbitals of a Mo–Ch/Ch′ bond of one monomer and the dπ* anti-bonding orbitals of the same Mo–Ch/Ch′ bond in the second monomer during dimer formation, and vice versa. The HOMO–LUMO gaps calculated with the MN12-L functional were 0.9, 1.0, and 1.1 eV for MoTe2, MoSe2 and MoS2, respectively, which match very well with the solid-state theoretical (SCAN-rVV10)/experimental band gaps of 0.75/0.88, 0.90/1.09 and 0.93/1.23 eV of the corresponding systems, respectively. We observed that the gas phase dimers examined are perhaps prototypical for a basic understanding of the interfacial/inter-layer interactions in molybdenum-based dichalcogenides and their derivatives.
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46
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Wang W, Li Y, Li M, Shen H, Zhang W, Zhang J, Liu T, Kong X, Bi H. Metallic phase WSe 2 nanoscrolls for the hydrogen evolution reaction. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01598f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured metastable metallic phase transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their promising practical applications in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Yutong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Mengjia Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Xianqiang Kong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, P. R. China
| | - Hengchang Bi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, School of Communication and Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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47
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Sherrell PC, Fronzi M, Shepelin NA, Corletto A, Winkler DA, Ford M, Shapter JG, Ellis AV. A bright future for engineering piezoelectric 2D crystals. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:650-671. [PMID: 34931635 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00844g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The piezoelectric effect, mechanical-to-electrical and electrical-to-mechanical energy conversion, is highly beneficial for functional and responsive electronic devices. To fully exploit this property, miniaturization of piezoelectric materials is the subject of intense research. Indeed, select atomically thin 2D materials strongly exhibit the piezoelectric effect. The family of 2D crystals consists of over 7000 chemically distinct members that can be further manipulated in terms of strain, functionalization, elemental substitution (i.e. Janus 2D crystals), and defect engineering to induce a piezoelectric response. Additionally, most 2D crystals can stack with other similar or dissimilar 2D crystals to form a much greater number of complex 2D heterostructures whose properties are quite different to those of the individual constituents. The unprecedented flexibility in tailoring 2D crystal properties, coupled with their minimal thickness, make these emerging highly attractive for advanced piezoelectric applications that include pressure sensing, piezocatalysis, piezotronics, and energy harvesting. This review summarizes literature on piezoelectricity, particularly out-of-plane piezoelectricity, in the vast family of 2D materials as well as their heterostructures. It also describes methods to induce, enhance, and control the piezoelectric properties. The volume of data and role of machine learning in predicting piezoelectricity is discussed in detail, and a prospective outlook on the 2D piezoelectric field is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Sherrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Marco Fronzi
- School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia.,Shibaura Institute of Technology, SIT Research Laboratories, 3-7-5, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan.
| | - Nick A Shepelin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia. .,Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Corletto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia. .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - David A Winkler
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mike Ford
- School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Joseph G Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Amanda V Ellis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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48
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Yang S, Pi L, Li L, Liu K, Pei K, Han W, Wang F, Zhuge F, Li H, Cheng G, Zhai T. 2D Cu 9 S 5 /PtS 2 /WSe 2 Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor with High Current Gain. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2106537. [PMID: 34614261 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar junction transistor (BJT) as one important circuit element is now widely used in high-speed computation and communication for its capability of high-power signal amplification. 2D materials and their heterostructures are promising in building high-amplification and high-frequency BJTs because they can be naturally thin and highly designable in tailoring components properties. However, currently the low emitter injection efficiency results in only moderate current gain achieved in the pioneer researches, severely restraining its future development. Herein, it is shown that an elaborately designed double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) can greatly promote the injection efficiency, improving the current gain by order of magnitude. In this DHBT high-doping-density wide-bandgap 2D Cu9 S5 is used as emitter and narrow-bandgap PtS2 as base. This heterostructure efficiently suppresses the reverse electron flux from base and increase the injection efficiency. Consequently, the DHBT achieves an excellent current gain (β ≈ 910). This work systematically explores the electrical behavior of 2D materials based DHBT, and provides deep insight of the architecture design for building high gain DHBT, which may promote the applications of 2Dheterojunctions in the fields of integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lejing Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Kailang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ke Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - FuWei Zhuge
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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49
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Song J, Kwon S, Hossain MD, Chen S, Li Z, Goddard WA. Reaction Mechanism and Strategy for Optimizing the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Single-Layer 1T' WSe 2 and WTe 2 Based on Grand Canonical Potential Kinetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55611-55620. [PMID: 34779617 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in the 1T' phase are known high-performance catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Many experimental and some theoretical studies report that vacant sites play an important role in the HER on the basal plane. To provide benchmark calculations for comparison directly with future experiments on TMDs to obtain a validated detailed understanding that can be used to optimize the performance and material, we apply a recently developed grand canonical potential kinetics (GCP-K) formulation to predict the HER at vacant sites on the basal plane of the 1T' structure of WSe2 and WTe2. The accuracy of GCP-K has recently been validated for single-crystal nanoparticles. Using the GCP-K formulation, we find that the transition-state structures and the concentrations of the four intermediates (0-3 H at the selenium or tellurium vacancy) change continuously as a function of the applied potential. The onset potential (at 10 mA/cm-2) is -0.53 V for WSe2 (experiment is -0.51 V) and -0.51 V for WTe2 (experiment is -0.57 V). We find multistep reaction mechanisms for H2 evolution from Volmer-Volmer-Tafel (VVT) to Volmer-Heyrovsky (VH) depending on the applied potential, leading to an unusual non-monotonic change in current density with the applied potential. For example, our detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism suggests a strategy to improve the catalytic performance significantly by alternating the applied potential periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Materials and Process Simulation Center and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Soonho Kwon
- Materials and Process Simulation Center and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Md Delowar Hossain
- Materials and Process Simulation Center and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sheng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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50
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Zhang X, Kang Z, Gao L, Liu B, Yu H, Liao Q, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Molecule-Upgraded van der Waals Contacts for Schottky-Barrier-Free Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104935. [PMID: 34569109 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The applications of any ultrathin semiconductor device are inseparable from high-quality metal-semiconductor contacts with designed Schottky barriers. Building van der Waals (vdWs) contacts of 2D semiconductors represents an advanced strategy of lowering the Schottky barrier height by reducing interface states, but will finally fail at the theoretical minimum barrier due to the inevitable energy difference between the semiconductor electron affinity and the metal work function. Here, an effective molecule optimization strategy is reported to upgrade the general vdWs contacts, achieving near-zero Schottky barriers and creating high-performance electronic devices. The molecule treatment can induce the defect healing effect in p-type semiconductors and further enhance the hole density, leading to an effectively thinned Schottky barrier width and improved carrier interface transmission efficiency. With an ultrathin Schottky barrier width of ≈2.17 nm and outstanding contact resistance of ≈9 kΩ µm in the optimized Au/WSe2 contacts, an ultrahigh field-effect mobility of ≈148 cm2 V-1 s-1 in chemical vapor deposition grown WSe2 flakes is achieved. Unlike conventional chemical treatments, this molecule upgradation strategy leaves no residue and displays a high-temperature stability at >200 °C. Furthermore, the Schottky barrier optimization is generalized to other metal-semiconductor contacts, including 1T-PtSe2 /WSe2 , 1T'-MoTe2 /WSe2 , 2H-NbS2 /WSe2 , and Au/PdSe2 , defining a simple, universal, and scalable method to minimize contact resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankun Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Kang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baishan Liu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Yu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qingliang Liao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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