1
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Qu D, Zhang P, Liu J, Xu Y, Zussman E, Wei B. Twist elastic constant of chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystals determined by tactoid reconfiguration in electric field. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122650. [PMID: 39245509 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Lyotropic chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have attracted significant attention and great progress has been made. Investigating their physical parameters, especially the twist elastic constant (K22), is pivotal for advancing our comprehension of fundamental viscoelastic property of chiral nematic phase. In this study, we demonstrate a straightforward method to simultaneously estimate K22 and helical twisting power (Kt) of chiral nematic CNCs. This method involves analyzing rheology properties and electro-response of CNCs, focusing on the rotational dynamics and structural reconfiguration of CNC tactoids under an electric field. By examining the rotation dynamics of CNC tactoids under an electric field, together with the viscosity characterization, the anisotropic dielectric susceptibility (∆χ) of chiral nematic CNC along the helix axis was determined. Subsequently, K22/∆χn was extracted by analyzing CNC tactoid pitch evolution under an electric field, employing the de Gennes model. The K22 for different concentrated CNCs is finally estimated by integrating experimental results and theory. It is shown that the chiral nematic CNCs present concentration-dependent K22, ranging from 0.05 to 0.14 pN, while Kt spans from 0.06 to 0.14 pN/μm. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the CNC fundamental viscoelastic property and opens up new avenues for K22 measurement in other lyotropic liquid crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qu
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China.
| | - Peijun Zhang
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China
| | - Jiaolong Liu
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Eyal Zussman
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Bing Wei
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China.
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2
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Li SJ, Sun YW, Li ZW. Two-Step Chirality Transfer to Twisted Assemblies: Synergistic Interplay of Chiral and Aggregation Interactions. ACS NANO 2024; 18:26560-26567. [PMID: 39298663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Chirality plays a pivotal role in both the origin of life and the self-assembly of materials. However, the governing principles behind chirality transfer in hierarchical self-assembly across multiple length scales remain elusive. Here, we propose a concise and versatile simulation strategy using the patchy particle chain model to investigate the self-assembly of rods interacting through chiral and aggregation interactions. We reveal that chiral interaction possessing an entropic nature, amplifies the fluctuations and twists in the alignment of rods, while aggregation interaction serves as a foundational platform for aggregation and assembly. When both interactions exhibit moderate absolute and relative values, their synergistic interplay facilitates the chirality transfer from rods to assemblies, resulting in the formation of chiral mesoscale ordered structures. Furthermore, we observe a two-step chirality transfer process by monitoring the formation kinetics of the twisted assemblies. This work not only provides a comprehensive insight into chirality transfer mechanisms, but also introduces a versatile mesoscale simulation framework for exploring the role of chirality in hierarchical self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jia Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu-Wei Sun
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Mandin S, Metilli L, Karrouch M, Blésès D, Lancelon-Pin C, Sailler P, Chèvremont W, Paineau E, Putaux JL, Hengl N, Jean B, Pignon F. Multiscale study of the chiral self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals during the frontal ultrafiltration process. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39320948 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02840f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The structural organization of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions at the membrane surface during frontal ultrafiltration has been characterized, for the first time, at the nano- and microscale by in situ small-angle X-ray and light scattering (SAXS and SALS, respectively). During filtration, the particles assembled at the membrane surface and formed the so-called concentration polarization layer (CPL), which contains CNCs arranged in a chiral nematic (cholesteric) helicoidal structure, with the long axis of the CNCs oriented parallel to the membrane surface, and the helical axis of the cholesteric structure oriented perpendicular to the membrane surface. The self-organization of CNCs in the form of oriented cholesteric structures was further characterized by a pitch gradient in the CPL. The structure of the CPL was also investigated upon release of the transmembrane pressure. SAXS data revealed a relaxation process associated with a diffusion of the CNCs from the membrane surface towards the bulk, while SALS measurements revealed a re-organization of the cholesteric phase that was preserved all along the deposit. The preservation of the observed structure after 14 days of continuous filtration followed by air-drying was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction, demonstrating the feasibility of the process scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mandin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Lorenzo Metilli
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Karrouch
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Didier Blésès
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Pierre Sailler
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - William Chèvremont
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Erwan Paineau
- Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 1 rue Nicolas Appert, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Jean-Luc Putaux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Hengl
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Bruno Jean
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Pignon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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4
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Johnston LJ. Cellulose nanomaterial metrology: microscopy measurements. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39315456 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02276a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanomaterials are increasingly used for a wide variety of applications. Adequate characterization of these materials is required for quality control during production, to distinguish between materials synthesized by different methods, by different suppliers or from difference cellulose biomass sources, to facilitate development of applications and for regulatory purposes. Here we review recent microscopy measurements for the three main types of cellulose nanomaterials: cellulose nanocrystals, individual cellulose nanofibrils and cellulose nanofibrils. Atomic force microscopy and both scanning and transmission electron microscopy are covered with a focus on recent studies that have metrological rigor, rather than qualitative investigations. In some cases results are compared to those obtained by other methods that are more likely to see widespread use for routine quality control measurements. Detailed studies that use microscopy to provide insight on fundamental material properties (e.g., chiral properties) are also included. Particle size and morphology are important properties but are challenging to measure for cellulose nanomaterials due to the rod or fibril shaped particles, their propensity to agglomerate and aggregate, their low contrast for electron microscopy and, for cellulose nanofibrils, the complex branched and interconnected structures. Overall, the results show that there are now a number of studies in which attention to metrological detail has resulted in measurements that allow one to compare and distinguish between different materials, although there are still examples for which it is not possible to draw conclusions on size differences. The use of detailed microscopy protocols that yield accurate and reliable results will be beneficial in material production and addressing regulatory requirements and will allow the validation of other methods that are more amenable to routine measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Johnston
- Metrology Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6.
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5
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Hu S, Yue F, Peng F, Zhou X, Chen Y, Song T, Qi H. Lysine-mediated surface modification of cellulose nanocrystal films for multi-channel anti-counterfeiting. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122315. [PMID: 38858028 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing advanced multiple channels for information encryption offers a powerful strategy to achieve high-capacity and highly secure data protection. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) offer a sustainable resource for developing information protection materials. In this study, we present an approach that is easy to implement and adapt for the covalent attachment of various fluorescence molecules onto the surface of CNCs using the Mannich reaction in aqueous-based medium. Through the use of the Mannich reaction-based surface modification technique, we successfully achieved multi-color fluorescence in the resulting CNCs. The resulting CNC derivatives were thoroughly characterized by two dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (2D HSQC NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy. Notably, the optical properties of CNCs were well maintained after modification, resulting in films exhibiting blue and red structural colors. This enables the engineering of highly programmable and securely encoded anti-counterfeit labels. Moreover, subsequent coating of the modified CNCs with MXene yielded a highly secure encrypted matrix, offering advanced security and encryption capabilities under ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. This CNC surface-modification enables the development of multimodal security labels with potential applications across various practical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Fengxia Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Fang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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6
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Andrew LJ, Lizundia E, MacLachlan MJ. Designing for Degradation: Transient Devices Enabled by (Nano)Cellulose. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401560. [PMID: 39221689 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Transient technology involves materials and devices that undergo controlled degradation after a reliable operation period. This groundbreaking strategy offers significant advantages over conventional devices based on non-renewable materials by limiting environmental exposure to potentially hazardous components after disposal, and by increasing material circularity. As the most abundant naturally occurring polymer on Earth, cellulose is an attractive material for this purpose. Besides, (nano)celluloses are inherently biodegradable and have competitive mechanical, optical, thermal, and ionic conductivity properties that can be exploited to develop sustainable devices and avoid the end-of-life issues associated with conventional systems. Despite its potential, few efforts have been made to review current advances in cellulose-based transient technology. Therefore, this review catalogs the state-of-the-art developments in transient devices enabled by cellulosic materials. To provide a wide perspective, the various degradation mechanisms involved in cellulosic transient devices are introduced. The advanced capabilities of transient cellulosic systems in sensing, photonics, energy storage, electronics, and biomedicine are also highlighted. Current bottlenecks toward successful implementation are discussed, with material circularity and environmental impact metrics at the center. It is believed that this review will serve as a valuable resource for the proliferation of cellulose-based transient technology and its implementation into fully integrated, circular, and environmentally sustainable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Andrew
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Erlantz Lizundia
- Life Cycle Thinking Group, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- UBC BioProducts Institute, 2385 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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7
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Grelet E, Tortora MMC. Elucidating chirality transfer in liquid crystals of viruses. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:1276-1282. [PMID: 38783105 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is ubiquitous in nature across all length scales, with major implications spanning fields from biology, chemistry and physics to materials science. How chirality propagates from nanoscale building blocks to meso- and macroscopic helical structures remains an open issue. Here, working with a canonical system of filamentous viruses, we demonstrate that their self-assembly into chiral liquid crystal phases quantitatively results from the interplay between two main mechanisms of chirality transfer: electrostatic interactions from the helical charge patterns on the virus surface, and fluctuation-based helical deformations leading to viral backbone helicity. Our experimental and theoretical approach provides a comprehensive framework for deciphering how chirality is hierarchically and quantitatively propagated across spatial scales. Our work highlights the ways in which supramolecular helicity may arise from subtle chiral contributions of opposite handedness that act either cooperatively or competitively, thus accounting for the multiplicity of chiral behaviours observed for nearly identical molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Grelet
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP, UMR 5031), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Pessac, France.
| | - Maxime M C Tortora
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule (LBMC, UMR 5239, Inserm 1293), Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon, France.
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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8
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Liu H, Wang Z, Xin H, Liu J, Wang Q, Pang B, Zhang K. Polysaccharide Nanocrystals-Based Chiral Nematic Structures: From Self-Assembly Mechanisms, Regulation, to Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22675-22708. [PMID: 39137301 PMCID: PMC11363144 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Chiral architectures, one of the key structural features of natural systems ranging from the nanoscale to macroscale, are an infinite source of inspiration for functional materials. Researchers have been, and still are, strongly pursuing the goal of constructing such structures with renewable and sustainable building blocks via simple and efficient strategies. With the merits of high sustainability, renewability, and the ability to self-assemble into chiral nematic structures in aqueous suspensions that can be preserved in the solid state, polysaccharide nanocrystals (PNs) including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) offer opportunities to reach the target. We herein provide a comprehensive review that focuses on the development of CNCs and ChNCs for the use in advanced functional materials. First, the introduction of CNCs and ChNCs, and cellulose- and chitin-formed chiral nematic organizations in the natural world, are given. Then, the self-assembly process of such PNs and the factors influencing this process are comprehensively discussed. After that, we showcased the emerging applications of the self-assembled chiral nematic structures of CNCs and ChNCs. Finally, this review concludes with perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School
of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- National
Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber
Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School
of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haowei Xin
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School
of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School
of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels
Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School
of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, National
University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Kai Zhang
- Sustainable
Materials and Chemistry, Department of Wood Technology and Wood-Based
Composites, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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9
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Singh S, Bhardwaj S, Choudhary N, Patgiri R, Teramoto Y, Maji PK. Stimuli-Responsive Chiral Cellulose Nanocrystals Based Self-Assemblies for Security Measures to Prevent Counterfeiting: A Review. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:41743-41765. [PMID: 39102587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The proliferation of misleading information and counterfeit products in conjunction with technical progress presents substantial worldwide issues. To address the issue of counterfeiting, many tactics, such as the use of luminous anticounterfeiting systems, have been investigated. Nevertheless, traditional fluorescent compounds have a restricted effectiveness. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), known for their renewable nature and outstanding qualities, present an excellent opportunity to develop intelligent, optically active materials formed due to their self-assembly behavior and stimuli response. CNCs and their derivatives-based self-assemblies allow for the creation of adaptable luminous materials that may be used to prevent counterfeiting. These materials integrate the photophysical characteristics of optically active components due to their stimuli-responsive behavior, enabling their use in fibers, labels, films, hydrogels, and inks. Despite substantial attention, existing materials frequently fall short of practical criteria due to limited knowledge and poor performance comparisons. This review aims to provide information on the latest developments in anticounterfeit materials based on stimuli-responsive CNCs and derivatives. It also includes the scope of artificial intelligence (AI) in the near future. It will emphasize the potential uses of these materials and encourage future investigation in this rapidly growing area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Singh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 240071, India
| | - Shakshi Bhardwaj
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 240071, India
| | - Nitesh Choudhary
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 240071, India
| | - Rohan Patgiri
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 240071, India
| | - Yoshikuni Teramoto
- Division of Forest & Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan
| | - Pradip K Maji
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 240071, India
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10
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Fernández-Rico C, Dullens RPA. Liquid crystals from curved colloidal rods: waves, twists and more. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2024; 87:094601. [PMID: 38996410 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ad627b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The curvature of elongated microscopic building blocks plays a crucial role on their self-assembly into orientationally ordered phases. While rod-like molecules form a handful of liquid crystal (LC) phases, curved or banana-shaped molecules show more than fifty phases, with fascinating physical properties, such as chirality or polarity. Despite the fundamental and technological importance of these so-called 'banana-shaped liquid crystals', little is known about their microscopic details at the single-molecule level. Curved colloidal liquid crystals-liquid crystals formed by curved colloidal rods-are excellent model systems to optically resolve the structure and dynamics of curved building blocks within these condensed phases. Recent advances in the synthesis of curved rod-like particles have unlocked the potential for studying-at the single-particle level-the intimate relationship between shape and phase symmetry, and even confirmed the stability of elusive LC phases. Further developments in this nascent field promise exciting findings, such as the first observation of the colloidal twist-bend nematic phase or the fabrication of functional materials with curvature-dependent properties. In this Report on Progress, we will highlight recent advances in the synthesis and assembly of curved colloidal liquid crystals and discuss the upcoming challenges and opportunities of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roel P A Dullens
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Majoinen J, Gustavsson L, Wani O, Kiefer S, Liljeström V, Rojas OJ, Rannou P, Ikkala O. Controlling the Nematic Liquid Crystallinity of Cellulose Nanocrystals with an Alcohol Ethoxy Sulfonate Surfactant. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3909-3919. [PMID: 38507559 PMCID: PMC11238325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are biobased colloidal nanorods that have unlocked new opportunities in the area of sustainable functional nanomaterials including structural films and coatings, biomedical devices, energy, sensing, and composite materials. While selective light reflection and sensing develop from the typical chiral nematic (cholesteric, Nem*) liquid crystallinity exhibited by CNCs, a wealth of technologies would benefit from a nematic liquid crystal (LC) with CNC uniaxial alignment. Therefore, this study answers the central question of whether surfactant complexation suppresses CNC chirality in favor of nematic lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystallinity. Therein, we use a common surfactant having both nonionic and anionic blocks, namely, oligo(ethylene glycol) alkyl-3-sulfopropyl diether potassium salt (an alcohol ethoxy sulfonate (AES)). AES forms complexes with CNCs in toluene (a representative for nonpolar organic solvent) via hydrogen bonding with an AES' oligo(ethylene glycol) block. A sufficiently high AES weight fraction endows the dispersibility of CNC in toluene. Lyotropic liquid crystallinity with Schlieren textures containing two- and four-point brush defects is observed in polarized optical microscopy (POM), along with the suppression of the cholesteric fingerprint textures. The results suggest a nematic (Nem) phase in toluene. Moreover, thermotropic liquid crystallinity is observed by incorporating an excess of AES, in the absence of an additional solvent and upon mild heating. The Schlieren textures suggest a nematic system that undergoes uniaxial alignment under mild shear. Importantly, replacing AES with a corresponding nonionic surfactant does not lead to liquid crystalline properties, suggesting electrostatic structural control of the charged end group of AES. Overall, we introduce a new avenue to suppress CNC chirality to achieve nematic structures, which resolves the long-sought uniaxial alignment of CNCs in filaments, composite materials, and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Majoinen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT, Biomaterial Processing and Products, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Lotta Gustavsson
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Owies Wani
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Samira Kiefer
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Liljeström
- Nanomicroscopy Center, OtaNano, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Patrice Rannou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
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12
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İçten BC, Bukusoglu E, Çulfaz-Emecen PZ. Cross-Linked Cellulose Nanocrystal Membranes with Cholesteric Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13247-13255. [PMID: 38867697 PMCID: PMC11210283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Forming membranes by tangential flow deposition of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions is an attractive new approach to bottom-up membrane fabrication, providing control of separation performance using shear rate and ionic strength. Previously, the stabilization of these membranes was achieved by irreversibly coagulating the deposited layer upon the permeation of a high-ionic-strength salt solution. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the chemical cross-linking of carboxyl-containing TEMPO-oxidized CNCs by Ag(I)-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation and the stabilization of CNC membranes using this post-treatment. Cross-linking of TEMPO-CNCs was first demonstrated in suspension via turbidity, dynamic light scattering, and storage (G') and loss (G″) moduli measurements. Membranes were formed by filtering a 0.15 wt % TEMPO-CNC suspension onto a porous support, followed by permeation of the cross-linking solution containing AgNO3 and KPS through the deposited layer. Rejection for Blue Dextran with a 5 kDa molecular weight was 95.3 ± 1.9%, 90.6 ± 3.7%, and 95.9 ± 1.0% for membranes made from suspensions of TEMPO-CNC, desulfated TEMPO-CNC. and TEMPO-CNC with 100 mM NaCl, respectively. Suspensions with added NaCl led to membranes with improved stability and cholesteric self-assembly in the membrane layer. Membranes subjected to cross-linking post-treatment remained intact upon drying, while those stabilized physically using 200 mM AlCl3 solution were cracked, demonstrating the advantage of the cross-linking approach for scale-up, which requires drying of the membranes for module preparation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berk C. İçten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkiye
| | - Emre Bukusoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkiye
| | - P. Zeynep Çulfaz-Emecen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkiye
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13
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Wang X, Xu H, Ning F, Duan S, Hu Y, Ding X, Xu FJ. Improved Cell Adhesion on Self-Assembled Chiral Nematic Cellulose Nanocrystal Films. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400339. [PMID: 38925556 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is ubiquitous in nature, and closely related to biological phenomena. Nature-originated nanomaterials such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are able to self-assemble into hierarchical chiral nematic CNC films and impart handedness to nano and micro scale. However, the effects of the chiral nematic surfaces on cell adhesion are still unknown. Herein, this work presents evidence that the left-handed self-assembled chiral nematic CNC films (L-CNC) significantly improve the adhesion of L929 fibroblasts compared to randomly arranged isotropic CNC films (I-CNC). The fluidic force microscopy-based single-cell force spectroscopy is introduced to assess the cell adhesion forces on the substrates of L-CNC and I-CNC, respectively. With this method, a maximum adhesion force of 133.2 nN is quantified for mature L929 fibroblasts after culturing for 24 h on L-CNC, whereas the L929 fibroblasts exert a maximum adhesion force of 78.4 nN on I-CNC under the same condition. Moreover, the instant SCFS reveals that the integrin pathways are involved in sensing the chirality of substrate surfaces. Overall, this work offers a starting point for the regulation of cell adhesion via the self-assembled nano and micro architecture of chiral nematic CNC films, with potential practical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fanghui Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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14
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Li J, Lu C, Ye C, Xiong R. Structural, Optical, and Mechanical Insights into Cellulose Nanocrystal Chiral Nematic Film Engineering by Two Assembly Techniques. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3507-3518. [PMID: 38758685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Iridescent cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films with chiral nematic nanostructures exhibit great potential in optical devices, sensors, painting, and anticounterfeiting applications. CNCs can assemble into a chiral nematic liquid crystal structure by evaporation-assisted self-assembly (EISA) and vacuum-assisted self-assembly (VASA) techniques. However, there is a lack of comprehensive examinations of their structure-property correlations, which are essential for fabricating materials with unique properties. In this work, we gained insights into the optical, mechanical, and structural differences of CNC films engineered using the two techniques. In contrast to the random self-assembly at the liquid-air interface in EISA, the continuous external pressure in the VASA process forces CNCs to assemble at the filter-liquid interface. This results in fewer defects in the interfaces between tactoids and highly ordered cholesteric phases. Owing to the distinct CNC assembly behaviors, the films prepared by these two methods show great differences in the nanostructure, microstructure, and macroscopic morphology. Consequently, the highly ordered cholesteric structure gives VASA-CNC films a more uniform structural color and enhanced mechanical performance. These fundamental understandings of the relationship of structure-property nanoengineering through various assembly techniques are essential for designing and constructing high-performance chiral iridescent CNC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Canhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Ye
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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15
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Tang Y, Lu C, Xiong R. Biomimetic Mechanically Robust Chiroptical Hydrogel Enabled by Hierarchical Bouligand Structure Engineering. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14629-14639. [PMID: 38776427 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Natural bouligand structures enable crustacean exoskeletons and fruits to strike a combination of exceptional mechanical robustness and brilliant chiroptical properties owing to multiscale structural hierarchy. However, integrating such a high strength-stiffness-toughness combination and photonic functionalities into synthetic hydrogels still remains a grand challenge. In this work, we report a simple yet general biomimetic strategy to construct an ultrarobust chiroptical hydrogel by closely mimicking the natural bouligand structure at multilength scale. The hierarchical structural engineering of long-range ordered cellulose nanocrystals' bouligand structure, well-defined poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocrystalline domains, and dynamic interfacial interaction synergistically contributes to the integration of high strength (23.3 MPa), superior modulus (264 MPa), and high toughness (54.7 MJ m-3), as well as extraordinary impact resistance, which far exceed their natural counterparts and synthetic photonic hydrogels. More importantly, seamless chiroptical and solvent-responsive patterns with high resolution can also be scalably integrated into the hydrogel by localized manipulation of the photonic band, while maintaining good ionic conductivity. Such exceptional mechanical-photonic combination holds tremendous potential for applications in wearable sensors, encryption, displays, and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Canhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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16
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Bayat P, Meek KM, Movafagh M, Cranston ED, Cunningham MF, Champagne P, Morse T, Kiriakou MV, George SR, Dubé MA. The Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystal Reassembly on Latex-Based Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Performance. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3018-3032. [PMID: 38648261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Different cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) forms (dried vs never-dried) can lead to different degrees of CNC reassembly, the formation of nanofibril-like structures, in nanocomposite latex-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) formulations. CNC reassembly is also affected by CNC sonication and loading as well as the protocol used for CNC addition to the polymerization. In this study, carboxylated CNCs (cCNCs) were incorporated into a seeded, semibatch, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/styrene emulsion polymerization and cast as pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) films. The addition of CNCs led to a simultaneous increase in tack strength, peel strength, and shear adhesion, avoiding the typical trade-off between the adhesive and cohesive strength. Increased CNC reassembly resulted from the use of dried, redispersed, and sonicated cCNCs, along with increased cCNC loading and addition of the cCNCs at the seed stage of the polymerization. The increased degree of CNC reassembly was shown to significantly increase the shear adhesion by enhancing the elastic modulus of the PSA films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bayat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kelly M Meek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Maryam Movafagh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Michael F Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Energy Mining & Environment Research Centre, National Research Council, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada
| | | | | | - Sean R George
- BASF Corp., Charlotte, North Carolina 28273, United States
| | - Marc A Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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17
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Parton TG, Parker RM, Osbild S, Vignolini S, Frka-Petesic B. Angle-resolved optical spectroscopy of photonic cellulose nanocrystal films reveals the influence of additives on the mechanism of kinetic arrest. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3695-3707. [PMID: 38629173 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are rod-like nanoparticles whose chiral self-assembly into photonic films has been promoted as a sustainable source of colouration. Upon drying, an aqueous CNC suspension passes through two regimes: first, a liquid phase, where the CNCs self-organise into a cholesteric liquid crystal, followed by a kinetically-arrested phase, where the helicoidal structure compresses upon loss of solvent, resulting in a solid film with vibrant structural colour. The transition between these two regimes plays an important role in the visual appearance of photonic CNC films, but details on when and how kinetic arrest occurs have remained elusive. In this work, we combine angle-resolved optical spectroscopy of photonic films (approx. 100 vol% CNC) with a model for compressed helicoidal structures to retrieve the suspension conditions during kinetic arrest (approx. 10 vol% CNC). This analysis indicates a shift in the mechanism of kinetic arrest from a glass transition at lower ionic strength to gelation at higher ionic strength, explaining the trends in domain size and film colour. In contrast, neutral additives (glucose, poly(ethylene glycol)) appear to primarily reduce the compression upon drying without affecting cholesteric behaviour, as supported by a general analytical model. These findings deepen our understanding of CNC co-assembly with various commonly-used additives, enabling better control over the production of multifunctional structurally coloured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Parton
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Richard M Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Sonja Osbild
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK.
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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18
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Zhang Y, Li DQ, Yang CX, Xiong ZW, Tohti M, Zhang YQ, Chen HJ, Li J. Polymerization strategy for cellulose nanocrystals-based photonic crystal films with water resisting property. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130793. [PMID: 38503368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can form a liquid crystal film with a chiral nematic structure by evaporative-induced self-assembly (EISA). It has attracted much attention as a new class of photonic liquid crystal material because of its intrinsic, unique structural characteristics, and excellent optical properties. However, the CNCs-based photonic crystal films are generally prepared via the physical crosslinking strategy, which present water sensitivity. Here, we developed CNCs-g-PAM photonic crystal film by combining free radical polymerization and EISA. FT-IR, SEM, POM, XRD, TG-DTG, and UV-Vis techniques were employed to characterize the physicochemical properties and microstructure of the as-prepared films. The CNCs-g-PAM films showed a better thermo-stability than CNCs-based film. Also, the mechanical properties were significantly improved, viz., the elongation at break was 9.4 %, and tensile strength reached 18.5 Mpa, which was a much better enhancement than CNCs-based film. More importantly, the CNCs-g-PAM films can resist water dissolution for more than 24 h, which was impossible for the CNCs-based film. The present study provided a promising strategy to prepare CNCs-based photonic crystal film with high flexibility, water resistance, and optical properties for applications such as decoration, light management, and anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - De-Qiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China.
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Zi-Wei Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Maryamgul Tohti
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Hong-Jie Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi 830052, China.
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19
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Wang Z, Chu J, Shi L, Xing T, Gao X, Xu Y. Chiral Pearlescent Cellulose Nanocrystals Films with Broad-Range Tunable Optical Properties for Anti-Counterfeiting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306810. [PMID: 38012531 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Pearlescent materials are of technological importance in a diverse array of industries from cosmetics to premium paints; however, chiral pearlescent materials remain unexplored. Here, chiral pearlescent films with on-demand iridescence and metallic appearance are simply organized by leveraging vertical pressure to direct the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals. The films are formed with a bilayer planar anchored left-handed chiral nematic architecture, in which the bottom layer is featured with a vertical gradient pitch, and the top layer is featured with a uniform pitch. Simultaneous reflection of the rainbow colors and an on-demand color of left-handed polarized light with angle-dependent wavelength and polarization state accounts for the unique optical phenomenon based on experimental observation and theoretical analysis. Such chiroptical property can be readily tuned with architectural design, enabling reproducible optical appearance with high fidelity. Bringing the pearlescence, iridescence, and specular reflection together endows cellulose nanocrystal films with rich and tunable chiroptical properties that can be used for anti-counterfeiting applications. The current work marks the beginning of chiral pearlescent materials from renewable resources, while the pressure-directed self-assembly provides a step toward scalable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tingyang Xing
- Institute of Digitized Medicine and Intelligent Technology, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Jinlian Road, Longwan District, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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20
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Svagan AJ, Vilaplana F, Pettersson T, Anusuyadevi PR, Henriksson G, Hedenqvist M. Centrifuge fractionation during purification of cellulose nanocrystals after acid hydrolysis and consequences on their chiral self-assembly. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 328:121723. [PMID: 38220326 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The inherent colloidal dispersity (due to length, aspect ratio, surface charge heterogeneity) of CNCs, when produced using the typical traditional sulfuric acid hydrolysis route, presents a great challenge when interpreting colloidal properties and linking the CNC film nanostructure to the helicoidal self-assembly mechanism during drying. Indeed, further improvement of this CNC preparation route is required to yield films with better control over the CNC pitch and optical properties. Here we present a modified CNC-preparation protocol, by fractionating and harvesting CNCs with different average surface charges, rod lengths, aspect ratios, already during the centrifugation steps after hydrolysis. This enables faster CNC fractionation, because it is performed in a high ionic strength aqueous medium. By comparing dry films from the three CNC fractions, discrepancies in the CNC self-assembly and structural colors were clearly observed. Conclusively, we demonstrate a fast protocol to harvest different populations of CNCs, that enable tailored refinement of structural colors in CNC films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Svagan
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Chemistry, Div. Glycoscience, Albanova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Pettersson
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Prasaanth Ravi Anusuyadevi
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Materials Science and Engineering Department (MSE), Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering (3mE), Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Henriksson
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hedenqvist
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dept. of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Liu JZ, Chai XY, Huang J, Li RS, Li CM, Ling J, Cao QE, Huang CZ. Chiral Assembly of Perovskite Nanocrystals: Sensitive Discrimination of Amino Acid Enantiomers. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4282-4289. [PMID: 38469640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is a widespread phenomenon in nature and in living organisms and plays an important role in living systems. The sensitive discrimination of chiral molecular enantiomers remains a challenge in the fields of chemistry and biology. Establishing a simple, fast, and efficient strategy to discriminate the spatial configuration of chiral molecular enantiomers is of great significance. Chiral perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have attracted much attention because of their excellent optical activity. However, it is a challenge to prepare perovskites with both chiral and fluorescence properties for chiral sensing. In this work, we synthesized two chiral fluorescent perovskite nanocrystal assembly (PNA) enantiomers by using l- or d-phenylalanine (Phe) as chiral ligands. PNA exhibited good fluorescence recognition for l- and d-proline (Pro). Homochiral interaction led to fluorescence enhancement, while heterochiral interaction led to fluorescence quenching, and there is a good linear relationship between the fluorescence changing rate and l- or d-Pro concentration. Mechanism studies show that homochiral interaction-induced fluorescence enhancement is attributed to the disassembly of chiral PNA, while no disassembly of chiral PNA was found in heterochiral interaction-induced fluorescence quenching, which is attributed to the substitution of Phe on the surface of chiral PNA by heterochiral Pro. This work suggests that chiral perovskite can be used for chiral fluorescence sensing; it will inspire the development of chiral nanomaterials and chiral optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xin-Yi Chai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jingtao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Rong Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chun Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian Ling
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qiu-E Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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22
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Song J, Shen Q, Shao H, Deng X. Anti-Environmental Aging Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305664. [PMID: 38148594 PMCID: PMC10933639 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Passive daytime radiative cooling technology presents a sustainable solution for combating global warming and accompanying extreme weather, with great potential for diverse applications. The key characteristics of this cooling technology are the ability to reflect most sunlight and radiate heat through the atmospheric transparency window. However, the required high solar reflectance is easily affected by environmental aging, rendering the cooling ineffective. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the failure mechanisms, design strategies, and manufacturing technologies of daytime radiative cooling. Herein, a critical review on anti-environmental aging passive daytime radiative cooling with the goal of advancing their commercial applications is presented. It is first introduced the optical mechanisms and optimization principles of radiative cooling, which serve as a basis for further endowing environmental durability. Then the environmental aging conditions of passive daytime radiative cooling, mainly focusing on UV exposure, thermal aging, surface contamination and chemical corrosion are discussed. Furthermore, the developments of anti-environmental aging passive daytime radiative cooling materials, including design strategies, fabrication techniques, structures, and performances, are reviewed and classified for the first time. Last but not the least, the remaining open challenges and the insights are presented for the further promotion of the commercialization progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Song
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China
| | - Qingchen Shen
- Bio‐inspired Photonics GroupYusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Huijuan Shao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China
| | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China
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23
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McNeice P, Ten Brink GH, Gran U, Karlson L, Edvinsson R, Feringa BL. Cellulose modification for sustainable polymers: overcoming problems of solubility and processing. RSC SUSTAINABILITY 2024; 2:369-376. [PMID: 38333579 PMCID: PMC10849079 DOI: 10.1039/d3su00317e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Two new water-soluble cellulose derivatives were prepared by a two-step transformation with 1,3-propane sultone, followed by either maleic or succinic anhydride, thereby converting cellulose into a more easily processable form. It was found that the solubility was dependent on both the degree of substitution and the chemical properties of the substituents. The water-soluble cellulose has a molecular weight greater than 100 000 g mol-1 and both the morphology and molecular weight can be tuned by varying the reaction conditions. Furthermore, the flexible, two-step nature of the process allows for expansion of this methodology in order to prepare cellulose analogues for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter McNeice
- Advanced Research Centre CBBC, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Gert H Ten Brink
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Ulrik Gran
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Leif Karlson
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Rolf Edvinsson
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Advanced Research Centre CBBC, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
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24
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Caviness C, Chen Y, Yang Z, Wang H, Wu Y, Meng Z. Improved Ballistic Impact Resistance of Nanofibrillar Cellulose Films with Discontinuous Fibrous Bouligand Architecture. JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS 2024; 91:021003. [PMID: 38449742 PMCID: PMC10913807 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Natural protective materials offer unparalleled solutions for impact-resistant material designs that are simultaneously lightweight, strong, and tough. Particularly, the Bouligand structure found in the dactyl club of mantis shrimp and the staggered structure in nacre achieve excellent mechanical strength, toughness, and impact resistance. Previous studies have shown that hybrid designs by combining different bioinspired microstructures can lead to enhanced mechanical strength and energy dissipation. Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether combining Bouligand and staggered structures in nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) films, forming a discontinuous fibrous Bouligand (DFB) architecture, can achieve enhanced impact resistance against projectile penetration. Additionally, the failure mechanisms under such dynamic loading conditions have been minimally understood. In our study, we systematically investigate the dynamic failure mechanisms and quantify the impact resistance of NFC thin films with DFB architecture by leveraging previously developed coarse-grained models and ballistic impact molecular dynamics simulations. We find that when nanofibrils achieve a critical length and form DFB architecture, the impact resistance of NFC films outperforms the counterpart films with continuous fibrils by comparing their specific ballistic limit velocities and penetration energies. We also find that the underlying mechanisms contributing to this improvement include enhanced fibril sliding, intralayer and interlayer crack bridging, and crack twisting in the thickness direction enabled by the DFB architecture. Our results show that by combining Bouligand and staggered structures in NFC films, their potential for protective applications can be further improved. Our findings can provide practical guidelines for the design of protective films made of nanofibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colby Caviness
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
| | - Yitong Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
| | - Zhangke Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
| | - Yongren Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
| | - Zhaoxu Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 USA
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25
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Williams CA, Parker RM, Kyriacou A, Murace M, Vignolini S. Inkjet Printed Photonic Cellulose Nanocrystal Patterns. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307563. [PMID: 37965844 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Naturally-sourced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are elongated, birefringent nanoparticles that can undergo cholesteric self-assembly in water to produce vibrant, structurally colored films. As such, they are an ideal candidate for use as sustainable and cost-effective inks in the printing of scalable photonic coatings and bespoke patterns. However, the small volume and large surface area of a sessile CNC drop typically leads to rapid evaporation, resulting in microfilms with a coffee-stain-like morphology and very weak coloration. Here, it is demonstrated that inkjet printing of CNC drops directly through an immiscible oil layer can immediately inhibit water loss, resulting in reduced internal mass flows and greater time for cholesteric self-assembly. The color of each microfilm is determined by the initial composition of the drop, which can be tuned on-demand by exploiting the overprinting and coalescence of multiple smaller drops of different inks. This enables the production of multicolored patterns with complex optical behaviors, such as angle-dependent color and polarization-selective reflection. Finally, the array can be made responsive to stimuli (e.g., UV light, polar solvent) by the inclusion of a degradable additive. This suite of functional properties promotes inkjet-printed photonic CNC arrays for smart colorimetric labeling or optical anticounterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyan A Williams
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Kyriacou
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Domino Printing UK, Trafalgar Way, Bar Hill, CB23 8TU, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Murace
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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26
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Frka-Petesic B, Parton TG, Honorato-Rios C, Narkevicius A, Ballu K, Shen Q, Lu Z, Ogawa Y, Haataja JS, Droguet BE, Parker RM, Vignolini S. Structural Color from Cellulose Nanocrystals or Chitin Nanocrystals: Self-Assembly, Optics, and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12595-12756. [PMID: 38011110 PMCID: PMC10729353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Widespread concerns over the impact of human activity on the environment have resulted in a desire to replace artificial functional materials with naturally derived alternatives. As such, polysaccharides are drawing increasing attention due to offering a renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible feedstock for functional nanomaterials. In particular, nanocrystals of cellulose and chitin have emerged as versatile and sustainable building blocks for diverse applications, ranging from mechanical reinforcement to structural coloration. Much of this interest arises from the tendency of these colloidally stable nanoparticles to self-organize in water into a lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal, which can be readily manipulated in terms of its periodicity, structure, and geometry. Importantly, this helicoidal ordering can be retained into the solid-state, offering an accessible route to complex nanostructured films, coatings, and particles. In this review, the process of forming iridescent, structurally colored films from suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is summarized and the mechanisms underlying the chemical and physical phenomena at each stage in the process explored. Analogy is then drawn with chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs), allowing for key differences to be critically assessed and strategies toward structural coloration to be presented. Importantly, the progress toward translating this technology from academia to industry is summarized, with unresolved scientific and technical questions put forward as challenges to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- International
Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Thomas G. Parton
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Camila Honorato-Rios
- Department
of Sustainable and Bio-inspired Materials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aurimas Narkevicius
- B
CUBE − Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kevin Ballu
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Qingchen Shen
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Zihao Lu
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Ogawa
- CERMAV-CNRS,
CS40700, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Johannes S. Haataja
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, P.O. Box
15100, Aalto, Espoo FI-00076, Finland
| | - Benjamin E. Droguet
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Parker
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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Sutliff BP, Farrell C, Martin SM, Bortner MJ. Flow induced attrition of cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121252. [PMID: 37739516 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
To study the potential impacts of shear stress on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a microcapillary rheometer was employed to repeatedly shear approximately 10 mL of 6 wt% aqueous CNC suspension at 25 °C and rates ranging from 1,000 s-1 to 501,000 s-1. A 9 wt% CNC suspension was also tested at 316,000 s-1 for comparison of concentration effects on the behavior of the suspensions. After monitoring viscosity for 25 steady shear measurements, the suspensions processed at 1,000 s-1 decreased in viscosity by approximately 20 %. Higher shear rates produced smaller changes in viscosity, while increasing the concentration produced higher general viscosities. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) probed physical changes between the neat and sheared CNC samples. AFM images showed up to a 24 % reduction in length after shearing, but an insignificant reduction in cross-section. XRD showed a slight increase in the ratio of amorphous to crystalline fractions of the CNCs. Additionally, conductometric titration showed insignificant differences between neat and sheared samples. These findings suggest that viscosity changes in CNC suspensions during steady shear flow arise from physical fracturing of the CNCs perpendicular to their length, and not significantly from chemical degradation or reduction in residual amorphous content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley P Sutliff
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Connor Farrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Stephen M Martin
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Michael J Bortner
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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28
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Sewring T, Dijkstra M. The effect of shape, polydispersity, charge, and fraction of crystallite bundles on the cholesteric pitch of cellulose nanocrystal suspensions. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:194902. [PMID: 37971035 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Using Onsager-Straley's second-virial theory, we investigate the cholesteric pitch of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions. We model the CNCs as hard chiral bundles of microfibrils and examine the effect of the shape of these chiral bundles, characterized by aspect ratio and chirality, on the cholesteric pitch. Additionally, we explore the impact of length polydispersity and surface charge on the cholesteric phase of CNCs. Furthermore, we consider binary mixtures of twisted bundles and achiral primary crystallites to provide a more realistic representation of CNC suspensions. Our findings reveal that the degree of bundle twisting significantly affects the helical twisting of the cholesteric phase. We also observe that the average particle length and length polydispersity have substantial effects on strongly twisted bundles but minimal effects on weakly twisted ones. Finally, our study indicates that as the range of electrostatic interactions increases, the transfer of chirality from the microscopic to macroscopic length scales becomes masked, resulting in an increase in the cholesteric pitch. In the case of binary mixtures, the bundles act as chiral dopants, and an increasing fraction of bundles progressively enhances the helical twisting of the cholesteric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Sewring
- Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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29
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Browne C, Raghuwanshi VS, Garnier G, Batchelor W. Modulating the chiral nematic structure of cellulose nanocrystal suspensions with electrolytes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1064-1072. [PMID: 37459730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The iridescent optical properties of films made of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are controlled by the pitch and range of the chiral nematic structures. These are further tuned with the addition of electrolyte. EXPERIMENTS Electrolyte type, valency and concentration were varied. The bulk CNC suspension properties were investigated by combining rheology, polarised optical photography and microscopy, while the spacing between crystals was determined using SAXS. FINDINGS The addition of electrolyte to a CNC suspension containing chiral nematic structures first causes the nematic pitch to increase indicating the suspension has a weaker structure. Further increases in electrolyte concentration cause aggregation and complete breakdown of the chiral nematic structures. The univalent species cause larger changes to the chiral nematic structure with the onset and magnitude of structure breakdown occurring at lower ionic strengths compared with the divalent species. Cation size influences the chiral nematic structure with the order of influence being K+ > Na+ ≈ Ca2+ > Mg2+, which corresponds from the largest to smallest cation. This work demonstrates that both ion valency, concentration and species play a significant role in controlling the chiral nematic structures of CNC suspensions and will be a vital step in the development of CNC liquid crystals, optical materials and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Browne
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Vikram Singh Raghuwanshi
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Gil Garnier
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Warren Batchelor
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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30
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Kim DS, Kim M, Seo S, Kim JH. Nature-Inspired Chiral Structures: Fabrication Methods and Multifaceted Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:527. [PMID: 37999168 PMCID: PMC10669407 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse chiral structures observed in nature find applications across various domains, including engineering, chemistry, and medicine. Particularly notable is the optical activity inherent in chiral structures, which has emerged prominently in the field of optics. This phenomenon has led to a wide range of applications, encompassing optical components, catalysts, sensors, and therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the imitations and applications of naturally occurring chiral structures. Methods for replicating chiral architectures found in nature have evolved with specific research goals. This review primarily focuses on a top-down approach and provides a summary of recent research advancements. In the latter part of this review, we will engage in discussions regarding the diverse array of applications resulting from imitating chiral structures, from the optical activity in photonic crystals to applications spanning light-emitting devices. Furthermore, we will delve into the applications of biorecognition and therapeutic methodologies, comprehensively examining and deliberating upon the multifaceted utility of chiral structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Seul Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea (M.K.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Myounggun Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea (M.K.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonmin Seo
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea (M.K.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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31
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Attia D, Mendelson O, Levi-Kalisman Y, Bitton R, Yerushalmi-Rozen R. Enantioselective disruption of cellulose nanocrystal self-assembly into chiral nematic phases in D-alanine solutions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16890-16895. [PMID: 37847510 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03077f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The chiral environment of enantiomerically pure D-alanine solutions is observed to disrupt and modify the entropy-driven assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into a chiral nematic mesophase. The effect is specific to D-alanine and cannot be attributed to the adsorption of alanine molecules (neither D- nor L-alanine) onto the CNC particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Orit Mendelson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Department of Chemistry, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and the Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rachel Yerushalmi-Rozen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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32
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Lin F, Lin W, Chen J, Sun C, Zheng X, Xu Y, Lu B, Chen J, Huang B. Tannic Acid-Induced Gelation of Aqueous Suspensions of Cellulose Nanocrystals. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4092. [PMID: 37896337 PMCID: PMC10610654 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose hydrogels are a crucial category of soft biomaterials with versatile applications in tissue engineering, artificial extracellular matrices, and drug-delivery systems. In the present work, a simple and novel method, involving the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) induced by tannic acid (TA), was developed to construct a stable hydrogel (SH-CNC/TA) with oriented porous network structures. The gelation process is driven by the H-bonding interaction between the hydroxyl groups of CNCs and the catechol groups of TA, as substantiated by the atoms in molecules topology analysis and FTIR spectra. Interestingly, the assembled hydrogels exhibited a tunable hierarchical porous structure and mechanical moduli by varying the mass ratio of CNCs to TA. Furthermore, these hydrogels also demonstrate rapid self-healing ability due to the dynamic nature of the H-bond. Additionally, the structural stability of the SH-CNC/TA hydrogel could be further enhanced and adjusted by introducing coordination bonding between metal cations and TA. This H-bonding driven self-assembly method may promote the development of smart cellulose hydrogels with unique microstructures and properties for biomedical and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengcai Lin
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Wenyan Lin
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Chenyi Sun
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yanlian Xu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Beili Lu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
| | - Jipeng Chen
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.L.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Biao Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
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Nugroho RWN, Tardy BL, Eldin SM, Ilyas RA, Mahardika M, Masruchin N. Controlling the critical parameters of ultrasonication to affect the dispersion state, isolation, and chiral nematic assembly of cellulose nanocrystals. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106581. [PMID: 37690260 PMCID: PMC10498310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are typically extracted from plants and present a range of opto-mechanical properties that warrant their use for the fabrication of sustainable materials. While their commercialization is ongoing, their sustainable extraction at large scale is still being optimized. Ultrasonication is a well-established and routinely used technology for (re-) dispersing and/or isolating plant-based CNCs without the need for additional reagents or chemical processes. Several critical ultrasonication parameters, such as time, amplitude, and energy input, play dominant roles in reducing the particle size and altering the morphology of CNCs. Interestingly, this technology can be coupled with other methods to generate moderate and high yields of CNCs. Besides, the ultrasonics treatment also has a significant impact on the dispersion state and the surface chemistry of CNCs. Accordingly, their ability to self-assemble into liquid crystals and subsequent superstructures can, for example, imbue materials with finely tuned structural colors. This article gives an overview of the primary functions arising from the ultrasonication parameters for stabilizing CNCs, producing CNCs in combination with other promising methods, and highlighting examples where the design of photonic materials using nanocrystal-based celluloses is substantially impacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robertus Wahyu N Nugroho
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Nanocellulose between BRIN and Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia.
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and Hydrogen, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
| | - R A Ilyas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia; Center for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; Center of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia.
| | - Melbi Mahardika
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Nanocellulose between BRIN and Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Masruchin
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Nanocellulose between BRIN and Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
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34
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Wang Q, Niu W, Feng S, Liu J, Liu H, Zhu Q. Accelerating Cellulose Nanocrystal Assembly into Chiral Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37464327 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions self-assembled into chiral nematic liquid crystals. This property has enabled the development of versatile optical materials with fascinating properties. Nevertheless, the scale-up production and commercial success of chiral nematic CNC superstructures face significant challenges. Fabrication of chiral nematic CNC nanostructures suffers from a ubiquitous pernicious trade-off between uniform chiral nematic structure and rapid self-assembly. Specifically, the chiral nematic assembly of CNCs is a time-consuming, spontaneous process that involves the organization of particles into ordered nanostructures as the solvent evaporates. This review is driven by the interest in accelerating chiral nematic CNC assembly and promoting a long-range oriented chiral nematic CNC superstructure. To start this review, the chirality origins of CNC and CNC aggregates are analyzed. This is followed by a summary of the recent advances in stimuli-accelerated chiral nematic CNC self-assembly procedures, including evaporation-induced self-assembly, continuous coating, vacuum-assisted self-assembly, and shear-induced CNC assembly under confinement. In particular, stimuli-induced unwinding, alignment, and relaxation of chiral nematic structures were highlighted, offering a significant link between the accelerated assembly approaches and uniform chiral nematic nanostructures. Ultimately, future opportunities and challenges for rapid chiral nematic CNC assembly are discussed for more innovative and exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wen Niu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shixuan Feng
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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35
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Parker RM, Parton TG, Chan CLC, Bay M, Frka-Petesic B, Vignolini S. Bioinspired Photonic Materials from Cellulose: Fabrication, Optical Analysis, and Applications. ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 2023; 4:522-535. [PMID: 37383657 PMCID: PMC10294254 DOI: 10.1021/accountsmr.3c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are a class of biopolymers that are widely exploited in living organisms for a diversity of applications, ranging from structural reinforcement to energy storage. Among the numerous types of polysaccharides found in the natural world, cellulose is the most abundant and widespread, as it is found in virtually all plants. Cellulose is typically organized into nanoscale crystalline fibrils within the cell wall to give structural integrity to plant tissue. However, in several species, such fibrils are organized into helicoidal nanostructures with a periodicity comparable to visible light (i.e., in the range 250-450 nm), resulting in structural coloration. As such, when taking bioinspiration as a design principle, it is clear that helicoidal cellulose architectures are a promising approach to developing sustainable photonic materials. Different forms of cellulose-derived materials have been shown to produce structural color by exploiting self-assembly processes. For example, crystalline nanoparticles of cellulose can be extracted from natural sources, such as cotton or wood, by strong acid hydrolysis. Such "cellulose nanocrystals" (CNCs) have been shown to form colloidal suspensions in water that can spontaneously self-organize into a cholesteric liquid crystal phase, mimicking the natural helicoidal architecture. Upon drying, this nanoscale ordering can be retained into the solid state, enabling the specific reflection of visible light. Using this approach, colors from across the entire visible spectrum can be produced, alongside striking visual effects such as iridescence or a metallic shine. Similarly, polymeric cellulose derivatives can also organize into a cholesteric liquid crystal. In particular, edible hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is known to produce colorful mesophases at high concentrations in water (ca. 60-70 wt %). This solution state behavior allows for interesting visual effects such as mechanochromism (enabling its use in low-cost colorimetric pressure or strain sensors), while trapping the structure into the solid state enables the production of structurally colored films, particles and 3D printed objects. In this article, we summarize the state-of-the-art for CNC and HPC-based photonic materials, encompassing the underlying self-assembly processes, strategies to design their photonic response, and current approaches to translate this burgeoning green technology toward commercial application in a wide range of sectors, from packaging to cosmetics and food. This overview is supported by a summary of the analytical techniques required to characterize these photonic materials and approaches to model their optical response. Finally, we present several unresolved scientific questions and outstanding technical challenges that the wider community should seek to address to develop these sustainable photonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Lam Clement Chan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Mélanie
M. Bay
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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36
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Ke Y, Ruan Q, Li Y, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Pan C, Suseela Nair PN, Yin J, Yang JKW. Engineering Dynamic Structural Color Pixels at Microscales by Inhomogeneous Strain-Induced Localized Topographic Change. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37290093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Structural colors in homogeneous elastomeric materials predominantly exhibit uniform color changes under applied strains. However, juxtaposing mechanochromic pixels that exhibit distinct responses to applied strain remains challenging, especially on the microscale where the demand for miscellaneous spectral information increases. Here, we present a method to engineer microscale switchable color pixels by creating localized inhomogeneous strain fields at the level of individual microlines. Trenches produced by transfer casting from 2.5D structures into elastomers exhibit a uniform structural color in the unstretched state due to interference and scattering effects, while they show different colors under an applied uniaxial strain. This programmable topographic change resulting in color variation arises from strain mismatch between layers and trench width. We utilized this effect to achieve the encryption of text strings with Morse code. The effective and facile design principle is promising for diverse optical devices based on dynamic structures and topographic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States of America
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Wang Zhang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Chengfeng Pan
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Parvathi Nair Suseela Nair
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States of America
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
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37
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Uetani K, Uto T. Strong attractive interaction between finite element models of twisted cellulose nanofibers by intermeshing of twists. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16387-16395. [PMID: 37266489 PMCID: PMC10231428 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01784b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the attractive interaction between intrinsically twisted cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) is essential to control the physical properties of the higher-order structures of CNFs, such as paper and spun fiber. In this study, a finite element model reflecting the typical morphology of a twisted CNF was used to analyze the attractive interaction forces between multiple approaching CNF models. For two parallel CNF models, when one of the CNF models was rotated 90° around the long-axis direction, the twisting periods meshed, giving the maximum attraction force. Conversely, when the two CNF models were approaching diagonally, the CNF models were closest at an angle of -3.2° (i.e., in left-handed chirality) to give the most stable structure owing to the right-handed twist of the CNF models themselves. Furthermore, the two nematic layers were closest when one nematic layer was approached at an angle of -2° (i.e., in left-handed accumulation chirality), resulting in the greatest attraction. The results characterize the unique distribution of the attractive interaction forces between twisted CNF models, and they underscore the importance of chiral management in CNF aggregates, especially intermeshing of twists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Uetani
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku Tokyo 125-8585 Japan
| | - Takuya Uto
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Miyazaki Nishi 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan
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38
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Caimi F, Zanchetta G. Twisted Structures in Natural and Bioinspired Molecules: Self-Assembly and Propagation of Chirality Across Multiple Length Scales. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17350-17361. [PMID: 37251126 PMCID: PMC10210192 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Several biomolecules can form dynamic aggregates in water, whose nanometric structures often reflect the chirality of the monomers in unexpected ways. Their twisted organization can be further propagated to the mesoscale, in chiral liquid crystalline phases, and even to the macroscale, where chiral, layered architectures contribute to the chromatic and mechanical properties of various plant, insect, and animal tissues. At all scales, the resulting organization is determined by a subtle balance among chiral and nonchiral interactions, whose understanding and fine-tuning is fundamental also for applications. We present recent advances in the chiral self-assembly and mesoscale ordering of biological and bioinspired molecules in water, focusing on systems based on nucleic acids or related aromatic molecules, oligopeptides, and their hybrid stuctures. We highlight the common features and key mechanisms governing this wide range of phenomena, together with novel characterization approaches.
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39
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Abbasi Moud A, Abbasi Moud A. Flow and assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): A bottom-up perspective - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123391. [PMID: 36716841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic sources, such as lignocellulose-rich biomass, can be mechanically or acid degraded to produce inclusions called cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). They have several uses in the sectors of biomedicine, photonics, and material engineering because of their biodegradability, renewability, sustainability, and mechanical qualities. The processing and design of CNC-based products are inextricably linked to the rheological behaviour of CNC suspension or in combination with other chemicals, such as surfactants or polymers; in this context, rheology offers a significant link between microstructure and macro scale flow behaviour that is intricately linked to material response in applications. The flow behaviour of CNC items must be properly specified in order to produce goods with value-added characteristics. In this review article, we provide new research on the shear rheology of CNC dispersion and CNC-based hydrogels in the linear and nonlinear regime, with storage modulus values reported to range from ~10-3 to 103 Pa. Applications in technology and material science are also covered simultaneously. We carefully examined the effects of charge density, aspect ratio, concentration, persistence length, alignment, liquid crystal formation, the cause of chirality in CNCs, interfacial behaviour and interfacial rheology, linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of CNC suspension in bulk and at the interface using the currently available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran.
| | - Aliyeh Abbasi Moud
- Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran
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40
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Feng Y, Cölfen H, Xiong R. Organized mineralized cellulose nanostructures for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 36892529 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02611b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant naturally-occurring polymer, and possesses a one-dimensional (1D) anisotropic crystalline nanostructure with outstanding mechanical robustness, biocompatibility, renewability and rich surface chemistry in the form of nanocellulose in nature. Such features make cellulose an ideal bio-template for directing the bio-inspired mineralization of inorganic components into hierarchical nanostructures that are promising in biomedical applications. In this review, we will summarize the chemistry and nanostructure characteristics of cellulose and discuss how these favorable characteristics regulate the bio-inspired mineralization process for manufacturing the desired nanostructured bio-composites. We will focus on uncovering the design and manipulation principles of local chemical compositions/constituents and structural arrangement, distribution, dimensions, nanoconfinement and alignment of bio-inspired mineralization over multiple length-scales. In the end, we will underline how these cellulose biomineralized composites benefit biomedical applications. It is expected that this deep understanding of design and fabrication principles will enable construction of outstanding structural and functional cellulose/inorganic composites for more challenging biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhuizhi Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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41
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Klockars KW, Greca LG, Majoinen J, Mihhels K, Rojas OJ, Tardy BL. Drying stresses in cellulose nanocrystal coatings: Impact of molecular and macromolecular additives. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120465. [PMID: 36657848 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The industrial implementation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in films and coatings requires thorough evaluation of the internal stresses post-consolidation, as they cause fracturing and peeling. Characterizing the impact of plasticizing additives on stress is therefore critical. Herein, we use the deflection of thin glass substrates to measure drying stresses in consolidating CNC films, and benchmark the impact of five additives (glucose, glycerol, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and bovine serum albumin). Glycerol and PEG reduced drying stresses effectively, while PEG of increased molecular weight (from 0.2 to 10 kDa), PVA, and BSA were less effective. We analyzed the temporal aspects of the process, where stress relaxation of up to 30 % was observed 2 years after coating formation. Finally, we provide a framework to evaluate the impact of CNC morphology on residual stresses. The introduced approach is expected to fast-track the optimization and implementation of coatings based on biocolloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad W Klockars
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Luiz G Greca
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Johanna Majoinen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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42
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Sewring T, Trulsson M. Ground State Configurations and Metastable Phases of Charged Linear Rods. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6040-6051. [PMID: 36816665 PMCID: PMC9933468 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This computational study investigates the energy minimum, that is, ground state, of suspensions of monodisperse (single-component) charged linear rods at various densities and screening lengths. We find that closed-packed unidirectional configurations have the lowest energies for all studied cases. We further specify the lattice parameters for these crystalline structures. In addition, we identify a few metastable phases, including heliconical structures. These metastable heliconical phases are composed of hexagonal smectic C layers with particle orientations forming a conical helicoid with a short pitch of three layers. We evidence this by zero-temperature Monte Carlo simulations starting from an energy-minimized hexagonal cholesteric configuration, which rapidly transforms to a heliconical phase. Furthermore, this heliconical phase is remarkably stable even at finite temperatures and melts to a disordered phase at high temperatures. Finally, we conduct simulations at room temperature and conditions typical for cellulose nanocrystal suspensions to study the onset of nematic order and compare our results to available experimental data. Our findings suggest that electrostatics play an important role in the isotropic/anisotropic transition for dense suspensions of charged rods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Sewring
- Theoretical
Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00Lund, Sweden
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43
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Gonçalves DPN, Ogolla T, Hegmann T. Chirality Transfer from an Innately Chiral Nanocrystal Core to a Nematic Liquid Crystal 2: Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200685. [PMID: 36197761 PMCID: PMC10092345 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of and the difference between molecular versus structural core chirality of substances that form nanomaterials, and their ability to transmit and amplify their chirality to and within a surrounding condensed medium is yet to be exactly understood. Here we demonstrate that neat as well as disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with both molecular and morphological core chirality can induce homochirality in racemic nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal (rac-N-LCLC) tactoids. In comparison to the parent chiral organic building blocks, D-glucose, endowed only with molecular chirality, both CNCs showed a superior chirality transfer ability. Here, particularly the structurally compatible DSCG-modified CNCs prove to be highly effective since the surface DSCG moieties can insert into the DSCG stacks that constitute the racemic tactoids. Overall, this presents a highly efficient pathway for chiral induction in an aqueous medium and thus for understanding the origins of biological homochirality in a suitable experimental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P N Gonçalves
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
| | - Timothy Ogolla
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
| | - Torsten Hegmann
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA.,Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA
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44
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Lu D, Li M, Gao X, Yu X, Wei L, Zhu S, Xu Y. Cellulose Nanocrystal Films with NIR-II Circularly Polarized Light for Cancer Detection Applications. ACS NANO 2023; 17:461-471. [PMID: 36562644 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared circularly polarized light is attractive for wide-ranging applications. However, high-performance near-infrared circularly polarized light is challenging to realize. Here, we show that left-handed chiral photonic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films produced from ultrasonicated suspensions enable right-handed circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of -0.330 in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II). We present a theoretical analysis of the adverse effect of structural defects and luminescence intensity heterogeneity on the right-handed circularly polarized luminescence glum inside the bandgap and the occurrence of left-handed circularly polarized luminescence at the band edges. We demonstrate the potential of the chiral photonic CNC films with NIR-II circularly polarized light for cancer cell discrimination. The present work identifies key scientific questions in CNC-based circularly polarized luminescence materials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
| | - Mengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130012, P. R. China
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45
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Raghuwanshi VS, Browne C, Batchelor W, Garnier G. Self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals of different lengths. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:249-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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46
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Raghuwanshi VS, Lin M, Garnier G. Biomolecules adsorption to trigger the self-assembly of nanospheres and nanorods. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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47
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Abbasi Moud A. Chiral Liquid Crystalline Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals: Fundamentals and Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30673-30699. [PMID: 36092570 PMCID: PMC9453985 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
By using an independent self-assembly process that is occasionally controlled by evaporation, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) may create films (pure or in conjunction with other materials) that have iridescent structural colors. The self-forming chiral nematic structures and environmental safety of a new class of photonic liquid crystals (LCs), referred to as CNCs and CNC-embedded materials, make them simple to make and treat. The structure of the matrix interacts with light to give structural coloring, as opposed to other dye pigments, which interact with light by adsorption and reflection. Understanding how CNC self-assembly constructs structures is vital in several fields, including physics, science, and engineering. To constructure this review, the colloidal characteristics of CNC particles and their behavior during the formation of liquid crystals and gelling were studied. Then, some of the recognized applications for these naturally occurring nanoparticles were summarized. Different factors were considered, including the CNC aspect ratio, surface chemistry, concentration, the amount of time needed to produce an anisotropic phase, and the addition of additional substances to the suspension medium. The effects of alignment and the drying process conditions on structural changes are also covered. The focus of this study however is on the optical properties of the films as well as the impact of the aforementioned factors on the final transparency, iridescent colors, and versus the overall response of these bioinspired photonic materials. Control of the examined factors was found to be necessary to produce reliable materials for optoelectronics, intelligent inks and papers, transparent flexible support for electronics, and decorative coatings and films.
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48
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Hu R, Yuan Y, Gu M, Zou YQ. Recent advances in chiral aggregation-induced emission fluorogens. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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49
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Narkevicius A, Parker RM, Ferrer-Orri J, Parton TG, Lu Z, van de Kerkhof GT, Frka-Petesic B, Vignolini S. Revealing the Structural Coloration of Self-Assembled Chitin Nanocrystal Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203300. [PMID: 35623033 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The structural coloration of arthropods often arises from helicoidal structures made primarily of chitin. Although it is possible to achieve analogous helicoidal architectures by exploiting the self-assembly of chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs), to date no evidence of structural coloration has been reported from such structures. Previous studies are identified to have been constrained by both the experimental inability to access sub-micrometer helicoidal pitches and the intrinsically low birefringence of crystalline chitin. To expand the range of accessible pitches, here, ChNCs are isolated from two phylogenetically distinct sources of α-chitin, namely fungi and shrimp, while to increase the birefringence, an in situ alkaline treatment is performed, increasing the intensity of the reflected color by nearly two orders of magnitude. By combining this treatment with precise control over ChNC suspension formulation, structurally colored chitin-based films are demonstrated with reflection tunable from blue to near infrared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurimas Narkevicius
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Richard M Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jordi Ferrer-Orri
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Thomas G Parton
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Zihao Lu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gea T van de Kerkhof
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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50
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Fittolani G, Vargová D, Seeberger PH, Ogawa Y, Delbianco M. Bottom-Up Approach to Understand Chirality Transfer across Scales in Cellulose Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12469-12475. [PMID: 35765970 PMCID: PMC9284553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is a polysaccharide that displays chirality across different scales, from the molecular to the supramolecular level. This feature has been exploited to generate chiral materials. To date, the mechanism of chirality transfer from the molecular level to higher-order assemblies has remained elusive, partially due to the heterogeneity of cellulose samples obtained via top-down approaches. Here, we present a bottom-up approach that uses well-defined cellulose oligomers as tools to understand the transfer of chirality from the single oligomer to supramolecular assemblies beyond the single cellulose crystal. Synthetic cellulose oligomers with defined sequences self-assembled into thin micrometer-sized platelets with controllable thicknesses. These platelets further assembled into bundles displaying intrinsic chiral features, directly correlated to the monosaccharide chirality. Altering the stereochemistry of the oligomer termini impacted the chirality of the self-assembled bundles and thus allowed for the manipulation of the cellulose assemblies at the molecular level. The molecular description of cellulose assemblies and their chirality will improve our ability to control and tune cellulose materials. The bottom-up approach could be expanded to other polysaccharides whose supramolecular chirality is less understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Fittolani
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Denisa Vargová
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
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