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Xia B, Lin T, Li Z, Wang J, Sun Y, Wang D, Ye J, Zhang Y, Kou R, Zhao B, Yi J, Bai G, Liu X. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Regulates Intestinal Physiology and Enteric Neurons in IBS through Microbial Tryptophan Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17989-18002. [PMID: 39082086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by visceral pain and gut dysmotility. However, the specific mechanisms by which Lactobacillus strains relieve IBS remain unclear. Here, we screened Lactobacillus strains from traditional Chinese fermented foods with potential IBS-alleviating properties through in vitro and in vivo experiments. We demonstrated that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum D266 (Lp D266) administration effectively modulates intestinal peristalsis, enteric neurons, visceral hypersensitivity, colonic inflammation, gut barrier function, and mast cell activation. Additionally, Lp D266 shapes gut microbiota and enhances tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, thus activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and subsequently enhancing IL-22 production to maintain gut homeostasis. Mechanistically, Lp D266 potentially modulates colonic physiology and enteric neurons by microbial tryptophan metabolites. Further, our study indicates that combining Lp D266 with Trp synergistically ameliorates IBS symptoms. Together, our experiments identify the therapeutic efficacy of tryptophan-catabolizing Lp D266 in regulating gut physiology and enteric neurons, providing new insights into the development of probiotic-mediated nutritional intervention for IBS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongkui Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Danna Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongwei Kou
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048 Shaanxi, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjie Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan, China
| | - Gaiyan Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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Cingolani F, Balasubramaniam A, Srinivasan S. Molecular mechanisms of enteric neuropathies in high-fat diet feeding and diabetes. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024:e14897. [PMID: 39119749 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and diabetes are associated with altered gastrointestinal function and with the development of abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and constipation among other symptoms. The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates gastrointestinal motility. Enteric neuropathies defined as damage or loss of enteric neurons can lead to motility disorders. PURPOSE Here, we review the molecular mechanisms that drive enteric neurodegeneration in diabetes and obesity, including signaling pathways leading to neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, and microbiota alteration. We also highlight potential approaches to treat enteric neuropathies including antioxidant therapy to prevent oxidative stress-induced damage and the use of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cingolani
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Arun Balasubramaniam
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
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3
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Li R, Miao Z, Liu Y, Chen X, Wang H, Su J, Chen J. The Brain-Gut-Bone Axis in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights, Challenges, and Future Prospects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2307971. [PMID: 39120490 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are global health challenges characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells, leading to cognitive and motor impairments. The brain-gut-bone axis, a complex network that modulates multiple physiological systems, has gained increasing attention owing to its profound effects on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. No comprehensive review has been conducted to clarify the triangular relationship involving the brain-gut-bone axis and its potential for innovative therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. In light of this, a new perspective is aimed to propose on the interplay between the brain, gut, and bone systems, highlighting the potential of their dynamic communication in neurodegenerative diseases, as they modulate multiple physiological systems, including the nervous, immune, endocrine, and metabolic systems. Therapeutic strategies for maintaining the balance of the axis, including brain health regulation, intestinal microbiota regulation, and improving skeletal health, are also explored. The intricate physiological interactions within the brain-gut-bone axis pose a challenge in the development of effective treatments that can comprehensively target this system. Furthermore, the safety of these treatments requires further evaluation. This review offers a novel insights and strategies for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which have important implications for clinical practice and patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zong Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Zhou B, Feng C, Sun S, Chen X, Zhuansun D, Wang D, Yu X, Meng X, Xiao J, Wu L, Wang J, Wang J, Chen K, Li Z, You J, Mao H, Yang S, Zhang J, Jiao C, Li Z, Yu D, Wu X, Zhu T, Yang J, Xiang L, Liu J, Chai T, Shen J, Mao CX, Hu J, Hao X, Xiong B, Zheng S, Liu Z, Feng J. Identification of signaling pathways that specify a subset of migrating enteric neural crest cells at the wavefront in mouse embryos. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1689-1706.e8. [PMID: 38636517 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
During enteric nervous system (ENS) development, pioneering wavefront enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) initiate gut colonization. However, the molecular mechanisms guiding their specification and niche interaction are not fully understood. We used single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the spatiotemporal dynamics and molecular landscape of wavefront ENCCs in mouse embryos. Our analysis shows a progressive decline in wavefront ENCC potency during migration and identifies transcription factors governing their specification and differentiation. We further delineate key signaling pathways (ephrin-Eph, Wnt-Frizzled, and Sema3a-Nrp1) utilized by wavefront ENCCs to interact with their surrounding cells. Disruptions in these pathways are observed in human Hirschsprung's disease gut tissue, linking them to ENS malformations. Additionally, we observed region-specific and cell-type-specific transcriptional changes in surrounding gut tissues upon wavefront ENCC arrival, suggesting their role in shaping the gut microenvironment. This work offers a roadmap of ENS development, with implications for understanding ENS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chenzhao Feng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Song Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xuyong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Didi Zhuansun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaosi Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xinyao Meng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Luyao Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zejian Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jingyi You
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Handan Mao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shimin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chunlei Jiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Donghai Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tianqi Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jixin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiazhe Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518081, China
| | | | - Juan Shen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518081, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juncheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Institute for Brain Research, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jiexiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Wang Y, Jia Y, Xu Q, Yang P, Sun L, Liu Y, Chang X, He Y, Shi M, Guo D, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. Association of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with the risk of neurological diseases: a large-scale Mendelian randomization study. J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s10038-024-01271-4. [PMID: 38951193 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Observational studies suggested increased risks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess the causality for the associations of CD and UC with the risks of AD, PD, and MS through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Independent single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CD (17,897 cases and 33,977 controls) and UC (13,768 cases and 33,977 controls) were identified as genetic instruments based on a European-descent genome-wide association study (GWAS) released by the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium. Summary statistics for AD (combined: 25,881 cases and 256,837 controls), PD (combined: 35,836 cases and 665,686 controls), and MS (combined: 48,477 cases and 285,515 controls) were obtained from the largest GWASs and FinnGen study of European ancestry, respectively. MR estimates were generated using the inverse-variance weighted method in the main analysis with a series of sensitivity analyses. MR analyses were conducted per outcome database and were subsequently meta-analyzed to generate combined estimates. Genetically predicted UC was significantly associated with increased risks of AD (combined: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05; P = 1.80 × 10-3) and MS (combined: OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.23-1.53; P = 1.18 × 10-8), while there was no association between genetically predicted UC and the risk of PD. In contrast, no significant associations were observed for genetically predicted CD with AD, PD, and MS. MR-Egger regression showed no directional pleiotropy for the identified associations, and sensitivity analyses with different MR methods further confirmed these findings. This study suggested significant adverse effects of UC on AD and MS, highlighting that UC patients should receive early intervention with optimal adjunctive medical therapy to reduce the risks of AD and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yiming Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Tanaka M, Vécsei L. A Decade of Dedication: Pioneering Perspectives on Neurological Diseases and Mental Illnesses. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1083. [PMID: 38791045 PMCID: PMC11117868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Welcome to Biomedicines' 10th Anniversary Special Issue, a journey through the human mind's labyrinth and complex neurological pathways [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - László Vécsei
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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7
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Schulte S, Decker D, Nowduri B, Gries M, Christmann A, Meyszner A, Rabe H, Saumer M, Schäfer KH. Improving morphological and functional properties of enteric neuronal networks in vitro using a novel upside-down culture approach. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G567-G582. [PMID: 38193168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00170.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) comprises millions of neurons and glia embedded in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It not only controls important functions of the gut but also interacts with the immune system, gut microbiota, and the gut-brain axis, thereby playing a key role in the health and disease of the whole organism. Any disturbance of this intricate system is mirrored in an alteration of electrical functionality, making electrophysiological methods important tools for investigating ENS-related disorders. Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) provide an appropriate noninvasive approach to recording signals from multiple neurons or whole networks simultaneously. However, studying isolated cells of the ENS can be challenging, considering the limited time that these cells can be kept vital in vitro. Therefore, we developed an alternative approach cultivating cells on glass samples with spacers (fabricated by photolithography methods). The spacers allow the cells to grow upside down in a spatially confined environment while enabling acute consecutive recordings of multiple ENS cultures on the same MEA. Upside-down culture also shows beneficial effects on the growth and behavior of enteric neural cultures. The number of dead cells was significantly decreased, and neural networks showed a higher resemblance to the myenteric plexus ex vivo while producing more stable signals than cultures grown in the conventional way. Overall, our results indicate that the upside-down approach not only allows to investigate the impact of neurological diseases in vitro but could also offer insights into the growth and development of the ENS under conditions much closer to the in vivo environment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we devised a novel approach for culturing and electrophysiological recording of the enteric nervous system using custom-made glass substrates with spacers. This allows to turn cultures of isolated myenteric plexus upside down, enhancing the use of the microelectrode array technique by allowing recording of multiple cultures consecutively using only one chip. In addition, upside-down culture led to significant improvements in the culture conditions, resulting in a more in vivo-like growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Dominique Decker
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Bharat Nowduri
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Antoine Meyszner
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Holger Rabe
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Saumer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
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8
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Griffiths JA, Yoo BB, Thuy-Boun P, Cantu VJ, Weldon KC, Challis C, Sweredoski MJ, Chan KY, Thron TM, Sharon G, Moradian A, Humphrey G, Zhu Q, Shaffer JP, Wolan DW, Dorrestein PC, Knight R, Gradinaru V, Mazmanian SK. Peripheral neuronal activation shapes the microbiome and alters gut physiology. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113953. [PMID: 38517896 PMCID: PMC11132177 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is innervated by intrinsic neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and extrinsic neurons of the central nervous system and peripheral ganglia. The GI tract also harbors a diverse microbiome, but interactions between the ENS and the microbiome remain poorly understood. Here, we activate choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-expressing or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-expressing gut-associated neurons in mice to determine effects on intestinal microbial communities and their metabolites as well as on host physiology. The resulting multi-omics datasets support broad roles for discrete peripheral neuronal subtypes in shaping microbiome structure, including modulating bile acid profiles and fungal colonization. Physiologically, activation of either ChAT+ or TH+ neurons increases fecal output, while only ChAT+ activation results in increased colonic contractility and diarrhea-like fluid secretion. These findings suggest that specific subsets of peripherally activated neurons differentially regulate the gut microbiome and GI physiology in mice without involvement of signals from the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Griffiths
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Bryan B Yoo
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Peter Thuy-Boun
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Victor J Cantu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kelly C Weldon
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; UCSD Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Collin Challis
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Michael J Sweredoski
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ken Y Chan
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Taren M Thron
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Gil Sharon
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Annie Moradian
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Gregory Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Justin P Shaffer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dennis W Wolan
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; UCSD Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; UCSD Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Sarkis K Mazmanian
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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9
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Liu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Shan C, Guo Y, Gong X, Cui M, Li X, Tang M. Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:833-845. [PMID: 37843219 PMCID: PMC10664138 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota's diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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10
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Pan Y, Bu T, Deng X, Jia J, Yuan G. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine 2024; 84:1-15. [PMID: 38227168 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most serious public healthcare challenges, contributing to increased mortality and disability. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. Mounting evidence suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a significant role in the development of T2DM. Communication between the GM and the brain is a complex bidirectional connection, known as the "gut-brain axis," via the nervous, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Gut-brain axis has an essential impact on various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, food intake, gut motility, etc. In this review, we provide an outline of the gut-brain axis. We also highlight how the dysbiosis of the gut-brain axis affects glucose homeostasis and even results in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Bi K, Lei Y, Kong D, Li Y, Fan X, Luo X, Yang J, Wang G, Li X, Xu Y, Luo H. Progress in the study of intestinal microbiota involved in morphine tolerance. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27187. [PMID: 38533077 PMCID: PMC10963202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Morphine is a widely used opioid for treatment of pain. The attendant problems including morphine tolerance and morphine dependence pose a major public health challenge. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the gastrointestinal microbiota in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. The connectivity network between the gut microbiota and the brain is involved in multiple biological systems, and bidirectional communication between them is critical in gastrointestinal tract homeostasis, the central nervous system, and the microbial system. Many research have previously shown that morphine has a variety of effects on the gastrointestinal tract, but none have determined the function of intestinal microbiota in morphine tolerance. This study reviewed the mechanisms of morphine tolerance from the perspective of dysregulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis homeostasis, by summarizing the possible mechanisms originating from the gut that may affect morphine tolerance and the improvement of morphine tolerance through the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Bi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yi Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Deshenyue Kong
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yuansen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xuan Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jiqun Yang
- Third People's Hospital of Kunming City/Drug Rehabilitation Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, 650041, China
| | - Guangqing Wang
- Drug Rehabilitation Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Drug Rehabilitation Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Huayou Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
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12
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Wang S, Zhou S, Han Z, Yu B, Xu Y, Lin Y, Chen Y, Jin Z, Li Y, Cao Q, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Wang YC. From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384270. [PMID: 38576620 PMCID: PMC10991805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With the proposal of the "biological-psychological-social" model, clinical decision-makers and researchers have paid more attention to the bidirectional interactive effects between psychological factors and diseases. The brain-gut-microbiota axis, as an important pathway for communication between the brain and the gut, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. This article reviews the mechanism by which psychological disorders mediate inflammatory bowel disease by affecting the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Research progress on inflammatory bowel disease causing "comorbidities of mind and body" through the microbiota-gut-brain axis is also described. In addition, to meet the needs of individualized treatment, this article describes some nontraditional and easily overlooked treatment strategies that have led to new ideas for "psychosomatic treatment".
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwei Zhou
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Rehabilitation, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Anorectal Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qinhan Cao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Yunying Xu
- Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Liao J, Fan W. Role of autoantibodies in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome: a review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1359003. [PMID: 38505711 PMCID: PMC10948515 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1359003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurrent disorder that is characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation. IBS was previously considered to manifest without any structural alterations until the discovery of post-infection IBS. An increasing body of published evidence indicates that immune activation plays an important role in the development of IBS. Nevertheless, the pathophysiology of IBS, including mainly visceral hypersensitivity and gastrointestinal dysmotility, has not yet been explicitly elucidated. The observation of potential inflammatory degenerative neuropathy, including neuronal degeneration, spearheaded research on autoimmune responses targeting the enteric nervous system. Subsequently, several autoantibodies were detected in the sera of IBS patients, among which some were presumed to exert a pathogenic influence or be associated with the etiology of gastrointestinal dysmotility in IBS. Moreover, certain specific autoantibodies evidently served as biomarkers to facilitate the differentiation between IBS and other related diseases. Therefore, we aimed to present an overview of autoantibodies reported in the sera of IBS patients and highlight their significance in diagnosing and comprehending the pathophysiology of IBS. Consequently, we propose a therapeutic strategy from an autoimmune perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenjuan Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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14
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Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:142-163. [PMID: 38114585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are recognized as central neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed by impairments in social interactions, communication and repetitive behaviours. The recognition of ASD as a central nervous system (CNS)-mediated neurobehavioural disorder has led most of the research in ASD to be focused on the CNS. However, gastrointestinal function is also likely to be affected owing to the neural mechanistic nature of ASD and the nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract (enteric nervous system). Thus, it is unsurprising that gastrointestinal disorders, particularly constipation, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, are highly comorbid in individuals with ASD. Gastrointestinal problems have also been repeatedly associated with increased severity of the core symptoms diagnostic of ASD and other centrally mediated comorbid conditions, including psychiatric issues, irritability, rigid-compulsive behaviours and aggression. Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in ASD and its associated behavioural comorbidities, the specific links between these two conditions have not been clearly delineated, and current data linking ASD to gastrointestinal dysfunction have not been extensively reviewed. This Review outlines the established and emerging clinical and preclinical evidence that emphasizes the gut as a novel mechanistic and potential therapeutic target for individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Y Hung
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Gross Margolis
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Liu Y, Jia N, Tang C, Long H, Wang J. Microglia in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: A Hub in Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04022-w. [PMID: 38366306 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
There is growing concern about the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurological illnesses, and it makes sense to consider microglia as a critical component of this axis in the context of epilepsy. Microglia, which reside in the central nervous system, are dynamic guardians that monitor brain homeostasis. Microglia receive information from the gut microbiota and function as hubs that may be involved in triggering epileptic seizures. Vagus nerve bridges the communication in the axis. Essential axis signaling molecules, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid, 5-hydroxytryptamin, and short-chain fatty acids, are currently under investigation for their participation in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). In this review, we explain how vagus nerve connects the gut microbiota to microglia in the brain and discuss the emerging concepts derived from this interaction. Understanding microbiota-gut-brain axis in epilepsy brings hope for DRE therapies. Future treatments can focus on the modulatory effect of the axis and target microglia in solving DRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Neural Networks Surgery Team, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningkang Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Neural Networks Surgery Team, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuqi Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Neural Networks Surgery Team, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Neural Networks Surgery Team, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Zhu M, Zeng R, Wu D, Li Y, Chen T, Wang A. Research progress of the effects of bisphenol analogues on the intestine and its underlying mechanisms: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117891. [PMID: 38072107 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues have prompted rising concerns, especially in terms of human safety, due to its broad use and ubiquity throughout the ecosystem. Numerous studies reported various adverse effects of bisphenols, including developmental disorders, reproductive toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and so on. There is increasing evidence that bisphenols can enter the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, it is important to investigate their effects on the intestine. Several in vivo and in vitro studies have examined the impacts of bisphenols on the intestine. Here, we summarized the literature concerning intestinal toxicity of bisphenols over the past decade and presented compelling evidence of the link between bisphenol exposure and intestinal disorders. Experiment studies revealed that even at low levels, bisphenols could promote intestinal barrier dysregulation, disrupt the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota as well as induce an immunological response. Moreover, possible underlying mechanisms of these effects were discussed. Because of a lack of empirical data, the potential risk of bisphenol exposure in humans is still unidentified, particularly regarding intestinal disorders. Thus, we propose to conduct additional epidemiological investigations and animal experiments to elucidate the associations between bisphenol exposure and human intestinal health and reveal underlying mechanisms to develop preventative and therapeutic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 210036, Nanjing, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Zeng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 210036, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 210036, Nanjing, China.
| | - Aijie Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Hofford RS, Kiraly DD. Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Gut Microbiome Mechanisms in Substance Use Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:329-338. [PMID: 37573004 PMCID: PMC10884738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorders are a set of recalcitrant neuropsychiatric conditions that cause tremendous morbidity and mortality and are among the leading causes of loss of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. While each specific substance use disorder is driven by problematic use of a different substance, they all share a similar pattern of escalating and out-of-control substance use, continued use despite negative consequences, and a remitting/relapsing pattern over time. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of these conditions, current treatment options remain few and are ineffective for too many individuals. In recent years, there has been a rapidly growing body of literature demonstrating that the resident population of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract, collectively called the gut microbiome, plays an important role in modulating brain and behavior in preclinical and clinical studies of psychiatric disease. While these findings have not yet been translated into clinical practice, this remains an important and exciting avenue for translational research. In this review, we highlight the current state of microbiome-brain research within the substance use field with a focus on both clinical and preclinical studies. We also discuss potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying microbiome effects on models of substance use disorder and propose future directions to bring these findings from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Hofford
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Drew D Kiraly
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Psychiatry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
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18
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Gałęcka I, Szyryńska N, Całka J. Influence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastic on selected active substances in the intramural neurons of the porcine duodenum. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:5. [PMID: 38321545 PMCID: PMC10845528 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, society and industry generate huge amounts of plastics worldwide. The ubiquity of microplastics is obvious, but its impact on the animal and human organism remains not fully understood. The digestive tract is one of the first barriers between pathogens and xenobiotics and a living organism. Its proper functioning is extremely important in order to maintain homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of microplastic on enteric nervous system and histological structure of swine duodenum. The experiment was carried out on 15 sexually immature gilts, approximately 8 weeks old. The animals were randomly divided into 3 study groups (n = 5/group). The control group received empty gelatin capsules once a day for 28 days, the first research group received daily gelatin capsules with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles as a mixture of particles of various sizes (maximum particle size 300 µm) at a dose of 0.1 g/animal/day. The second study group received a dose ten times higher-1 g/animal/day. RESULTS A dose of 1 g/day/animal causes more changes in the enteric nervous system and in the histological structure of duodenum. Statistically significant differences in the expression of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, galanin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, substance P, vesicular acetylcholine transporter and vasoactive intestinal peptide between control and high dose group was noted. The histopathological changes were more frequently observed in the pigs receiving higher dose of PET. CONCLUSION Based on this study it may be assumed, that oral intake of microplastic might have potential negative influence on digestive tract, but it is dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismena Gałęcka
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
- Deparment of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Natalia Szyryńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jarosław Całka
- Deparment of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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19
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Chen S, Cai X, Lao L, Wang Y, Su H, Sun H. Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Historical Overview and Future Directions. Aging Dis 2024; 15:74-95. [PMID: 37307822 PMCID: PMC10796086 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease which is strongly associated with age. The incidence of ALS increases from the age of 40 and peaks between the ages of 65 and 70. Most patients die of respiratory muscle paralysis or lung infections within three to five years of the appearance of symptoms, dealing a huge blow to patients and their families. With aging populations, improved diagnostic methods and changes in reporting criteria, the incidence of ALS is likely to show an upward trend in the coming decades. Despite extensive researches have been done, the cause and pathogenesis of ALS remains unclear. In recent decades, large quantities of studies focusing on gut microbiota have shown that gut microbiota and its metabolites seem to change the evolvement of ALS through the brain-gut-microbiota axis, and in turn, the progression of ALS will exacerbate the imbalance of gut microbiota, thereby forming a vicious cycle. This suggests that further exploration and identification of the function of gut microbiota in ALS may be crucial to break the bottleneck in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Hence, the current review summarizes and discusses the latest research advancement and future directions of ALS and brain-gut-microbiota axis, so as to help relevant researchers gain correlative information instantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Chen
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Xinhong Cai
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Lin Lao
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Huanxing Su
- Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
| | - Haitao Sun
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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20
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Matin S, Dadkhah M. BDNF/CREB signaling pathway contribution in depression pathogenesis: A survey on the non-pharmacological therapeutic opportunities for gut microbiota dysbiosis. Brain Res Bull 2024; 207:110882. [PMID: 38244808 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the gut microbiota and the brain communication in general health. This axis may affect behavior through modulating neurotransmission, and thereby involve in the pathogenesis and/or progression of different neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cAMP response element-binding protein known as CREB/BDNF pathway plays have critical functions in the pathogenesis of depression as the same of mechanisms related to antidepressants. However, the putative causal significance of the CREB/BDNF signaling cascade in the gut-brain axis in depression remains unknown. Also interventions such as probiotics supplementation and exercise can influence microbiome also improve bidirectional communication of gut and brain. In this review we aim to explain the BDNF/CREB signaling pathway and gut microbiota dysfunction and then evaluate the potential role of probiotics, prebiotics, and exercise as a therapeutic target in the gut microbiota dysfunction induced depression. The current narrative review will specifically focus on the impact of exercise and diet on the intestinal microbiota component, as well as the effect that these therapies may have on the microbiota to alleviate depressive symptoms. Finally, we look at how BDNF/CREB signaling pathway may exert distinct effects on depression and gut microbiota dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaieh Matin
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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21
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Huynh D, Khaing MM. Exploring the Interconnections of Functional Gut Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review Article. Cureus 2024; 16:e53699. [PMID: 38322093 PMCID: PMC10846347 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This review reveals details of the interaction between disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by providing an in-depth review of that relationship. The review provides a nuanced understanding of this multifaceted dynamic by spanning shared symptomatology, the impact of inflammation on functional aspects, and addressing diagnostic challenges, psychological influences, treatment strategies, and emerging research directions. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in understanding, this article aims to contribute to the evolving discourse surrounding the interplay between IBD and DGBI, offering valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals navigating the complexities of gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Huynh
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, AUS
| | - Myat Myat Khaing
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, AUS
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22
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Yu M, Kong XY, Chen TT, Zou ZM. In vivo metabolism combined network pharmacology to identify anti-constipation constituents in Aloe barbadensis Mill. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117200. [PMID: 37726070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe vera), is a homology of medicine and food plant, widely applied in functional food, cosmetics, and medicine. Aloe vera whole leaf extract, one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), is mainly used in China to treat functional constipation. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the active constituents of Aloe vera for treating functional constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prototype constituents and metabolites in rat plasma and excreta after oral administration of Aloe vera whole leaf extract were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and the pharmacokinetics (PK) properties of its key anti-constipation constituents speculated by network pharmacology were investigated via the established UFLC-MS/MS method. RESULTS A total of 13 prototype constituents and 56 metabolites were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces after oral administration of Aloe vera. Among them, aloesin, aloenin, aloin B, aloin A, and aloe-emodin were intimately connected to the core targets of constipation in network pharmacology analysis, and recognized as major anti-constipation constituents in Aloe vera. The validated quantitative method of the six active constituents in rat plasma exhibited good linearity, and lower limits of quantification (0.64-1.95 ng/mL). Aloin A, aloin B, aloeresin D and aloe-emodin exhibited better absorption and slower elimination rate, whereas the others, including aloesin and aloenin showed fast absorption and elimination in rat plasma after oral administration of Aloe vera. Aloin A and its isomer aloin B present similar Tmax and t1/2 but different AUC and Cmax values, indicating different relative bioavailability. The results suggested that aloin A, aloin B and aloe-emodin may be key constituents of Aloe vera for the treatment of constipation, and the other constituents including aloeresin D also contribute to its anti-constipation. CONCLUSIONS This study will benefit understanding the contributions of those constituents for the anti-constipation effect of Aloe vera and also provide valuable information for its application in functional food development and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Kong
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tong-Tong Chen
- Tianjin Institute for Drug Control, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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23
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Montalbán-Rodríguez A, Abalo R, López-Gómez L. From the Gut to the Brain: The Role of Enteric Glial Cells and Their Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1294. [PMID: 38279293 PMCID: PMC10816228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut axis has been identified as an important contributor to the physiopathology of Parkinson's disease. In this pathology, inflammation is thought to be driven by the damage caused by aggregation of α-synuclein in the brain. Interestingly, the Braak's theory proposes that α-synuclein misfolding may originate in the gut and spread in a "prion-like" manner through the vagus nerve into the central nervous system. In the enteric nervous system, enteric glial cells are the most abundant cellular component. Several studies have evaluated their role in Parkinson's disease. Using samples obtained from patients, cell cultures, or animal models, the studies with specific antibodies to label enteric glial cells (GFAP, Sox-10, and S100β) seem to indicate that activation and reactive gliosis are associated to the neurodegeneration produced by Parkinson's disease in the enteric nervous system. Of interest, Toll-like receptors, which are expressed on enteric glial cells, participate in the triggering of immune/inflammatory responses, in the maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity and in the configuration of gut microbiota; thus, these receptors might contribute to Parkinson's disease. External factors like stress also seem to be relevant in its pathogenesis. Some authors have studied ways to reverse changes in EGCs with interventions such as administration of Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors, nutraceuticals, or physical exercise. Some researchers point out that beyond being activated during the disease, enteric glial cells may contribute to the development of synucleinopathies. Thus, it is still necessary to further study these cells and their role in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Montalbán-Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia, Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids, Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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24
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Choi EL, Taheri N, Zhang Y, Matsumoto K, Hayashi Y. The critical role of muscularis macrophages in modulating the enteric nervous system function and gastrointestinal motility. J Smooth Muscle Res 2024; 60:1-9. [PMID: 38462479 PMCID: PMC10921093 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.60.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the originators of inflammatory compounds, phagocytic purifiers in their local environment, and wound healing protectors in oxidative environments. They are molded by the tissue milieu they inhabit, with gastrointestinal (GI) muscularis macrophages (MMs) being a prime example. MMs are located in the muscular layer of the GI tract and contribute to muscle repair and maintenance of GI motility. MMs are often in close proximity to the enteric nervous system, specifically near the enteric neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). Consequently, the anti-inflammatory function of MMs corresponds to the development and maintenance of neural networks in the GI tract. The capacity of MMs to shift from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory states may contribute to the inflammatory aspects of various GI diseases and disorders such as diabetic gastroparesis or postoperative ileus, functional disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, and organic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. We reviewed the current knowledge of MMs and their influence on neighboring cells due to their important role in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egan L. Choi
- Graduate Research Education Program in the Department of
Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Negar Taheri
- Research Fellow in the Department of Physiology and
Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, 200 First Street
SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo
Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Doshisha Woman’s College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0395,
Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo
Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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25
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Yang R, Chen Z, Cai J. Fecal microbiota transplantation: Emerging applications in autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103038. [PMID: 37117118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are important contributors to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. As an environmental factor, the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases. Thus, strategies targeting gut microbiome alterations can potentially be used to treat autoimmune disease. Microbiota-based interventions, such as prebiotics, probiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), have attracted growing interest as novel treatment approaches. FMT is an effective method for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections; moreover, it is emerging as a promising treatment for patients with inflammatory bowel disease and other autoimmune diseases. Although the mechanisms underpinning the interaction between the gut microbiome and host are not fully understood in patients with autoimmune disease, FMT has been shown to restore altered gut microbiota composition, rebuild the intestinal microecosystem, and mediate innate and adaptive immune responses to achieve a therapeutic effect. In this review, we provide an overview of FMT and discuss how FMT can be used as a novel treatment approach for autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, we discuss recent challenges and offer future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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26
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He Y, Chen CL, He J, Liu SD. Causal associations between inflammatory bowel disease and anxiety: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5872-5881. [PMID: 38111509 PMCID: PMC10725559 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i44.5872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including those with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD); however, the causal relationship between IBD and anxiety remains unknown. AIM To investigate the causal relationship between IBD and anxiety by using bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms retrieved from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of the European population were identified as genetic instrument variants. GWAS statistics for individuals with UC (6968 patients and 20464 controls; adults) and CD (5956 patients and 14927 controls; adults) were obtained from the International IBD Genetics Consortium. GWAS statistics for individuals with anxiety were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (2565 patients and 14745 controls; adults) and FinnGen project (20992 patients and 197800 controls; adults), respectively. Inverse-variance weighted was applied to assess the causal relationship, and the results were strengthened by heterogeneity, pleiotropy and leave-one-out analyses. RESULTS Genetic susceptibility to UC was associated with an increased risk of anxiety [odds ratio: 1.071 (95% confidence interval: 1.009-1.135), P = 0.023], while genetic susceptibility to CD was not associated with anxiety. Genetic susceptibility to anxiety was not associated with UC or CD. No heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed, and the leave-one-out analysis excluded the potential influence of a particular variant. CONCLUSION This study revealed that genetic susceptibility to UC was significantly associated with anxiety and highlighted the importance of early screening for anxiety in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun-Lan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si-De Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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27
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Liu G, Yu Q, Zhu H, Tan B, Yu H, Li X, Lu Y, Li H. Amyloid-β mediates intestinal dysfunction and enteric neurons loss in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:351. [PMID: 37930455 PMCID: PMC11072809 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is traditionally considered as a brain disorder featured by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. The current study on whether pathological changes of AD extend to the enteric nervous system (ENS) is still in its infancy. In this study, we found enteric Aβ deposition, intestinal dysfunction, and colonic inflammation in the young APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, these mice exhibited cholinergic and nitrergic signaling pathways damages and enteric neuronal loss. Our data show that Aβ42 treatment remarkably affected the gene expression of cultured myenteric neurons and the spontaneous contraction of intestinal smooth muscles. The intra-colon administration of Aβ42 induced ENS dysfunction, brain gliosis, and β-amyloidosis-like changes in the wild-type mice. Our results suggest that ENS mirrors the neuropathology observed in AD brains, and intestinal pathological changes may represent the prodromal events, which contribute to brain pathology in AD. In summary, our findings provide new opportunities for AD early diagnosis and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- Medical College, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Quntao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Houze Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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28
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Khasanov R, Svoboda D, Tapia-Laliena MÁ, Kohl M, Maas-Omlor S, Hagl CI, Wessel LM, Schäfer KH. Muscle hypertrophy and neuroplasticity in the small bowel in short bowel syndrome. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:391-405. [PMID: 37395792 PMCID: PMC10624713 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe, life-threatening condition and one of the leading causes of intestinal failure in children. Here we were interested in changes in muscle layers and especially in the myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the small bowel in the context of intestinal adaptation. Twelve rats underwent a massive resection of the small intestine to induce SBS. Sham laparotomy without small bowel transection was performed in 10 rats. Two weeks after surgery, the remaining jejunum and ileum were harvested and studied. Samples of human small bowel were obtained from patients who underwent resection of small bowel segments due to a medical indication. Morphological changes in the muscle layers and the expression of nestin, a marker for neuronal plasticity, were studied. Following SBS, muscle tissue increases significantly in both parts of the small bowel, i.e., jejunum and ileum. The leading pathophysiological mechanism of these changes is hypertrophy. Additionally, we observed an increased nestin expression in the myenteric plexus in the remaining bowel with SBS. Our human data also showed that in patients with SBS, the proportion of stem cells in the myenteric plexus had risen by more than twofold. Our findings suggest that the ENS is tightly connected to changes in intestinal muscle layers and is critically involved in the process of intestinal adaptation to SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasul Khasanov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Daniel Svoboda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - María Ángeles Tapia-Laliena
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina Kohl
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Silke Maas-Omlor
- Enteric Nervous System Group, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Cornelia Irene Hagl
- Carl Remigius Medical School, Charles de Gaulle Str. 2, 81737, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas M Wessel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Enteric Nervous System Group, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
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Qiu P, Li D, Xiao C, Xu F, Chen X, Chang Y, Liu L, Zhang L, Zhao Q, Chen Y. The Eph/ephrin system symphony of gut inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106976. [PMID: 38032293 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The extent of gut inflammation depends largely on the gut barrier's integrity and enteric neuroimmune interactions. However, the factors and molecular mechanisms that regulate inflammation-related changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS) remain largely unexplored. Eph/ephrin signaling is critical for inflammatory response, neuronal activation, and synaptic plasticity in the brain, but its presence and function in the ENS have been largely unknown to date. This review discusses the critical role of Eph/ephrin in regulating gut homeostasis, inflammation, neuroimmune interactions, and pain pathways. Targeting the Eph/ephrin system offers innovative treatments for gut inflammation disorders, offering hope for enhanced patient prognosis, pain management, and overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Daojiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China.
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30
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Sun J, Ludvigsson JF, Roelstraete B, Pedersen NL, Pawitan Y, Wirdefeldt K, Fang F. Gastrointestinal biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation and risk of neurodegenerative disease: Nationwide matched cohort study. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3430-3439. [PMID: 36447380 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evidence has accumulated to support the early involvement of altered gastrointestinal (GI) function in neurodegenerative disease. However, risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) among individuals with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation is unknown. METHODS This matched cohort study included all individuals in Sweden with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa (n = 480,346) or nonspecific inflammation (n = 655,937) during 1965-2016 (exposed group) as well as their individually matched population references and unexposed full siblings. A flexible parametric model and stratified Cox model were used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Individuals with normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation had a higher risk of AD and PD during the 20 years after biopsy. Compared with the population references, individuals with normal mucosa had an increased risk of AD (incidence rate [IR] difference = 13.53 per 100,000 person-years, HR [95% CI] = 1.15 [1.11-1.20]) and PD (IR difference = 6.72, HR [95% CI] = 1.16 [1.10-1.23]). Elevated risk was also observed for nonspecific inflammation regarding AD (IR difference = 13.28, HR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.08-1.14]) and PD (IR difference = 6.83, HR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.06-1.14]). Similar results were observed in subgroup and sensitivity analyses and when comparing with their unexposed siblings. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation had an increased risk of AD and PD. This adds new evidence of the early involvement of GI dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas F Ludvigsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bjorn Roelstraete
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yudi Pawitan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang Y, Lyu Y, Chen L, Cao K, Chen J, He C, Lyu X, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Liu B, Wu C. Exploring the Prognosis-Related Genetic Variation in Gastric Cancer Based on mGWAS. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15259. [PMID: 37894938 PMCID: PMC10607287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of metabolome genome-wide association studies (mGWAS) has been shown to be effective in identifying functional genes in complex diseases. While mGWAS has been applied to biomedical and pharmaceutical studies, its potential in predicting gastric cancer prognosis has yet to be explored. This study aims to address this gap and provide insights into the genetic basis of GC survival, as well as identify vital regulatory pathways in GC cell progression. Genome-wide association analysis of plasma metabolites related to gastric cancer prognosis was performed based on the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). We used a log-rank test, LASSO regression, multivariate Cox regression, GO enrichment analysis, and the Cytoscape software to visualize the complex regulatory network of genes and metabolites and explored in-depth genetic variation in gastric cancer prognosis based on mGWAS. We found 32 genetic variation loci significantly associated with GC survival-related metabolites, corresponding to seven genes, VENTX, PCDH 7, JAKMIP1, MIR202HG, MIR378D1, LINC02472, and LINC02310. Furthermore, this study identified 722 Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, suggesting an association with GC prognosis-related metabolites, corresponding to 206 genes. These 206 possible functional genes for gastric cancer prognosis were mainly involved in cellular signaling molecules related to cellular components, which are mainly involved in the growth and development of the body and neurological regulatory functions related to the body. The expression of 23 of these genes was shown to be associated with survival outcome in gastric cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on the genome-wide association analysis of prognosis-related metabolites in gastric cancer, we suggest that gastric cancer survival-related genes may influence the proliferation and infiltration of gastric cancer cells, which provides a new idea to resolve the complex regulatory network of gastric cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yanping Lyu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liangping Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Kang Cao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Chenzhou He
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xuejie Lyu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Baoying Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Chuancheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (K.C.); (J.C.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.X.); (B.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Wang Y, Lai H, Zhang T, Wu J, Tang H, Liang X, Ren D, Huang J, Li W. Mitochondria of intestinal epithelial cells in depression: Are they at a crossroads of gut-brain communication? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105403. [PMID: 37742989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of gut dysbiosis in depression is well established. However, recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is regulated by intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) mitochondria, which has yet to receive much attention. This review summarizes the recent developments about the critical role of IEC mitochondria in actively maintaining gut microbiota, intestinal metabolism, and immune homeostasis. We propose that IEC mitochondrial dysfunction alters gut microbiota composition, participates in cell fate, mediates oxidative stress, activates the peripheral immune system, causes peripheral inflammation, and transmits peripheral signals through the vagus and enteric nervous systems. These pathological alterations lead to brain inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, activation of microglia and astrocytes, induction of neuronal loss, and ultimately depression. Furthermore, we highlight the prospect of treating depression through the mitochondria of IECs. These new findings suggest that the mitochondria of IECs may be a newly found important factor in the pathogenesis of depression and represent a potential new strategy for treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Han Lai
- School of Foreign Languages, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Xuanwei Liang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Dandan Ren
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Huang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Weihong Li
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
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Wu H, Zhang T, Li N, Gao J. Cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles for effective central nervous system target delivery: Insights and challenges. J Control Release 2023; 360:169-184. [PMID: 37343724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including brain tumor, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, threaten human health. And the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) hinders the delivery of drugs and the design of drug targeting delivery vehicles. Over the past decades, great interest has been given to cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles since the rise of targeting drug delivery systems and biomimetic nanotechnology. Cell membranes are regarded as natural multifunction biomaterials, and provide potential for targeting delivery design and modification. Cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles appear timely with the participation of cell membranes and nanoparticles, and raises new lights for BBB recognition and transport, and effective therapy with its biological multifunction and high biocompatibility. This review summarizes existing challenges in CNS target delivery and recent advances of different kinds of cell membrane-based biomimetic vehicles for effective CNS target delivery, and deliberates the BBB targeting mechanism. It also discusses the challenges and possibility of clinical translation, and presents new insights for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315041, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315041, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Zhang X, Sun D, Xu Q, Liu H, Li Y, Wang D, Wang J, Zhang Q, Hou P, Mu W, Jia C, Li A. Risk factors for Hirschsprung disease-associated enterocolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2509-2524. [PMID: 37288551 PMCID: PMC10442125 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is nearly 1/5000 and patients with HSCR are usually treated through surgical intervention. Hirschsprung disease-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a complication of HSCR with the highest morbidity and mortality in patients. The evidence on the risk factors for HAEC remains inconclusive to date. METHODS Four English databases and four Chinese databases were searched for relevant studies published until May 2022. The search retrieved 53 relevant studies. The retrieved studies were scored on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale by three researchers. Revman 5.4 software was employed for data synthesis and analysis. Stata 16 software was employed for sensitivity analysis and bias analysis. RESULTS A total of 53 articles were retrieved from the database search, which included 10 012 cases of HSCR and 2310 cases of HAEC. The systematic analysis revealed anastomotic stenosis or fistula [ I2 =66%, risk ratio (RR)=1.90, 95% CI 1.34-2.68, P <0.001], preoperative enterocolitis ( I2 =55%, RR=2.07, 95% CI 1.71-2.51, P <0.001), preoperative malnutrition ( I2 =0%, RR=1.96, 95% CI 1.52-2.53, P <0.001), preoperative respiratory infection or pneumonia ( I2 =0%, RR=2.37, 95% CI 1.91-2.93, P <0.001), postoperative ileus ( I2 =17%, RR=2.41, 95% CI 2.02-2.87, P <0.001), length of ganglionless segment greater than 30 cm ( I2 =0%, RR=3.64, 95% CI 2.43-5.48, P <0.001), preoperative hypoproteinemia ( I2 =0%, RR=1.91, 95% CI 1.44-2.54, P <0.001), and Down syndrome ( I2 =29%, RR=1.65, 95% CI 1.32-2.07, P <0.001) as the risk factors for postoperative HAEC. Short-segment HSCR ( I2 =46%, RR=0.62, 95% CI 0.54-0.71, P <0.001) and transanal operation ( I2 =78%, RR=0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.96, P =0.03) were revealed as the protective factors against postoperative HAEC. Preoperative malnutrition ( I2 =35 % , RR=5.33, 95% CI 2.68-10.60, P <0.001), preoperative hypoproteinemia ( I2 =20%, RR=4.17, 95% CI 1.91-9.12, P <0.001), preoperative enterocolitis ( I2 =45%, RR=3.51, 95% CI 2.54-4.84, P <0.001), and preoperative respiratory infection or pneumonia ( I2 =0%, RR=7.20, 95% CI 4.00-12.94, P <0.001) were revealed as the risk factors for recurrent HAEC, while short-segment HSCR ( I2 =0%, RR=0.40, 95% CI 0.21-0.76, P =0.005) was revealed as a protective factor against recurrent HAEC. CONCLUSION The present review delineated the multiple risk factors for HAEC, which could assist in preventing the development of HAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunling Jia
- Stomatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aiwu Li
- Departments ofPediatric surgery
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Kuil LE, Kakiailatu NJ, Windster JD, Bindels E, Zink JT, van der Zee G, Hofstra RM, Shepherd IT, Melotte V, Alves MM. Unbiased characterization of the larval zebrafish enteric nervous system at a single cell transcriptomic level. iScience 2023; 26:107070. [PMID: 37426341 PMCID: PMC10329177 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates many gastrointestinal functions including peristalsis, immune regulation and uptake of nutrients. Defects in the ENS can lead to severe enteric neuropathies such as Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). Zebrafish have proven to be fruitful in the identification of genes involved in ENS development and HSCR pathogenesis. However, composition and specification of enteric neurons and glial subtypes at larval stages, remains mainly unexplored. Here, we performed single cell RNA sequencing of zebrafish ENS at 5 days post-fertilization. We identified vagal neural crest progenitors, Schwann cell precursors, and four clusters of differentiated neurons. In addition, a previously unrecognized elavl3+/phox2bb-population of neurons and cx43+/phox2bb-enteric glia was found. Pseudotime analysis supported binary neurogenic branching of ENS differentiation, driven by a notch-responsive state. Taken together, we provide new insights on ENS development and specification, proving that the zebrafish is a valuable model for the study of congenital enteric neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Kuil
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi J.M. Kakiailatu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan D. Windster
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke T.M. Zink
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gaby van der Zee
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert M.W. Hofstra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Veerle Melotte
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria M. Alves
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Zhu G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wang G, Chen W. Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites: Bridge of Dietary Nutrients and Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:819-839. [PMID: 37075947 PMCID: PMC10334159 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation. Recent research has revealed the crucial role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in modulating AD. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiome and microbial metabolites affect brain function remain poorly understood. Here, we review the literature on changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome in patients with AD and in animal models of AD. We also discuss the latest progress in understanding the pathways by which the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites from the host or diet regulate AD. By understanding the effects of dietary components on brain function, microbiota composition, and microbial metabolites, we examine the potential for manipulation of the gut microbiota through dietary intervention to delay the progression of AD. Although it is challenging to translate our understanding of microbiome-based approaches to dietary guidelines or clinical therapies, these findings provide an attractive target for promoting brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Liang L, Saunders C, Sanossian N. Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1671-1704. [PMID: 37051344 PMCID: PMC10084985 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of gut barrier is known as "leaky gut" or increased intestinal permeability. Numerous recent scientific evidences showed the association between gut dysfunction and multiple gastrointestinal tract (GI) and non-GI diseases. Research also demonstrated that food plays a crucial role to cause or remedy gut dysfunction related to diseases. We reviewed recent articles from electronic databases, mainly PubMed. The data were based on animal models, cell models, and human research in vivo and in vitro models. In this comprehensive review, our aim focused on the relationship between dietary factors, intestinal permeability dysfunction, and related diseases. This review synthesizes currently available literature and is discussed in three parts: (a) the mechanism of gut barrier and function, (b) food and dietary supplements that may promote gut health, and food or medication that may alter gut function, and (c) a table that organizes the synthesized information by general mechanisms for diseases related to leaky gut/intestinal permeability and associated dietary influences. With future research, dietary intervention could be a new target for individualized disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Liang
- University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Nerses Sanossian
- Department of NeurologyMedical School of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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38
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Shaikh SD, Sun N, Canakis A, Park WY, Weber HC. Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Gut Microbiome: A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072558. [PMID: 37048642 PMCID: PMC10095554 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It has a prevalence of 10 to 25% in the United States and has a high disease burden, as evidenced by reduced quality of life, decreased work productivity and increased healthcare utilization and costs. IBS has been associated with several intra-intestinal and extra-intestinal conditions, including psychiatric comorbidities. Although the pathophysiology of IBS has not been fully elucidated, it involves dysregulation of communication between the brain and gut (brain–gut axis) which is associated with alterations in intestinal motility, gut permeability, visceral hypersensitivity and gut microbiota composition. The purpose of this article is to review the role the gut microbiota plays in the pathophysiology of IBS, understand factors that affect the gut microbiome and explore the microbiome as a target of treatment.
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Ishola IO, Awogbindin IO, Olubodun-Obadun TG, Olajiga AE, Adeyemi OO. Vinpocetine prevents rotenone-induced Parkinson disease motor and non-motor symptoms through attenuation of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and α-synuclein expressions in rats. Neurotoxicology 2023; 96:37-52. [PMID: 36965781 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Epidemiological reports showed a significant association between environmental toxicants-induced gut dysbiosis and PD. Neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased cerebral blood flow are hallmarks of PD. This study sought to evaluate the protective ability of vinpocetine (VIN), a neuroprotectant, on rotenone (ROT) (mitochondrial complex I inhibitor) induced PD in rats. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=10) and treated orally as follows; group 1: vehicle (10ml/kg); group 2: rotenone (10mg/kg) + vehicle; group 3-5: vinpocetine (5, 10 or 20mg/kg) + rotenone (10mg/kg), respectively, or group 6: vinpocetine 20mg/kg before behavioural assay for motor symptoms (fore-limb hanging test and open field test) and non-motor symptoms (working memory and learning capabilities in Y-maze/Morris water maze tasks, anxiety in hole board test and gut motility with intestinal transit time). Following treatment for 28 days, biochemical assays and immunostaining was performed. We examined the effect of vinpocetine on rotenone-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. The pretreatment of rats with vinpocetine reversed rotenone-induced locomotor deficit, motor incoordination, cognition deficits and gut dysfunction. In addition, rotenone-induced a significant increase in the level of interleukin-6 and tumor necrotic factor-α, oxidative stress markers, cholinergic signalling, gut dysfunction and haematologic dysfunctions which were attenuated by vinpocetine administration. Immunostainings showed that rotenone-induced dopamine neuron loss, microglia reactivity, astrocytes activation, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and α-synuclein (SNCA) expressions which were attenuated by vinpocetine administration. Findings from this study revealed a neuroprotective effect of vinpocetine on rotenone-induced PD through anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| | - I O Awogbindin
- Neuroimmunology Group, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - T G Olubodun-Obadun
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - A E Olajiga
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - O O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Li M, Wang S, Zhang C, Chi C, Liu R, Wang T, Fu F. Escin alleviates stress-induced intestinal dysfunction to protect brain injury by regulating the gut-brain axis in ischemic stroke rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109659. [PMID: 36608442 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of HPA axis results in intestinal dysfunction, which may play a role in brain injury caused by ischemic stroke (IS). Escin shows a neuroprotective effect but it may not penetrate blood brain barrier (BBB). Previous work in our laboratory showed that escin ameliorated intestinal injury in animals. The aim of this study is to investigate whether escin attenuates brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats, to mimic IS. MCAO rats and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cells were used to evaluate the effects of escin in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that escin could not penetrate BBB but reduced brain infarct volume, improved neurological function, inhibited neuroinflammation, ameliorated intestinal dysfunction and tissue integrity by increasing the expression of the tight junction protein in vivo and in vitro. Escin reduced the increased corticosterone and endotoxin level in blood of MCAO rats, regulated GR/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in ileal tissue and LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in ischemic brain tissue. These findings suggest that escin could attenuate ischemic brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction, and it may be a promising way to protect brain injury by protecting intestine, instead of targeting the brain directly after IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Chenglin Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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41
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Lobo B, Tramullas M, Finger BC, Lomasney KW, Beltran C, Clarke G, Santos J, Hyland NP, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. The Stressed Gut: Region-specific Immune and Neuroplasticity Changes in Response to Chronic Psychosocial Stress. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:72-84. [PMID: 36606438 PMCID: PMC9837549 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Chronic psychological stress affects gastrointestinal physiology which may underpin alterations in the immune response and epithelial transport, both functions are partly regulated by enteric nervous system. However, its effects on enteric neuroplasticity are still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic unpredictable psychological stress on intestinal motility and prominent markers of enteric function. Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 19 day of unpredictable stress protocol schedule of social defeat and overcrowding. We investigated the effects on plasma corticosterone, food intake, and body weight. In vivo gastrointestinal motility was assessed by fecal pellet output and by whole-gastrointestinal transit (using the carmine red method). Tissue monoamine level, neural and glial markers, neurotrophic factors, monoamine signaling, and Toll-like receptor expression in the proximal and distal colon, and terminal ileum were also assessed. Results Following chronic unpredictable psychological stress, stressed mice showed increased food intake and body weight gain (P < 0.001), and reduced corticosterone levels (P < 0.05) compared to control mice. Stressed mice had reduced stool output without differences in water content, and showed a delayed gastrointestinal transit compared to control mice (P < 0.05). Stressed mice exhibited decreased mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf), as well as Toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2) compared to control (P < 0.05), only proximal colon. These molecular changes in proximal colon were associated with higher levels of monoamines in tissue. Conclusion Unpredictable psychological chronic stress induces region-specific impairment in monoamine levels and neuroplasticity markers that may relate to delayed intestinal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lobo
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Digestive System Research Unit, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron Barcelona, Spain,Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Correspondence: Beatriz Lobo, PhD, MD, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit. Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain, Tel: +34-93-489-4035, E-mail:
| | - Mónica Tramullas
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain (Current address)
| | - Beate-C Finger
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin W Lomasney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Caroll Beltran
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clinico Universidad de Chile, Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Javier Santos
- Digestive System Research Unit, Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron Barcelona, Spain,Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niall P Hyland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Physiology, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland,Departments of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland,John F Cryan, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, room 3.86 Western Gateway Building, Ireland, Fax: +353-0214205497, E-mail:
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Xian C, Zhang J, Zhao S, Li XG. Gut-on-a-chip for disease models. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314221149882. [PMID: 36699635 PMCID: PMC9869227 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221149882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a vital organ responsible for digestion and absorption in the human body and plays an essential role in pathogen invasion. Compared with other traditional models, gut-on-a-chip has many unique advantages, and thereby, it can be considered as a novel model for studying intestinal functions and diseases. Based on the chip design, we can replicate the in vivo microenvironment of the intestine and study the effects of individual variables on the experiment. In recent years, it has been used to study several diseases. To better mimic the intestinal microenvironment, the structure and function of gut-on-a-chip are constantly optimised and improved. Owing to the complexity of the disease mechanism, gut-on-a-chip can be used in conjunction with other organ chips. In this review, we summarise the human intestinal structure and function as well as the development and improvement of gut-on-a-chip. Finally, we present and discuss gut-on-a-chip applications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), viral infections and phenylketonuria. Further improvement of the simulation and high throughput of gut-on-a-chip and realisation of personalised treatments are the problems that should be solved for gut-on-a-chip as a disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiang-Guang Li
- Xiang-Guang Li, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road (GDUT), Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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43
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Jooss T, Zhang J, Zimmer B, Rezzonico-Jost T, Rissiek B, Felipe Pelczar P, Seehusen F, Koch-Nolte F, Magnus T, Zierler S, Huber S, Schemann M, Grassi F, Nicke A. Macrophages and glia are the dominant P2X7-expressing cell types in the gut nervous system-No evidence for the role of neuronal P2X7 receptors in colitis. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:180-193. [PMID: 36634819 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The blockade or deletion of the pro-inflammatory P2X7 receptor channel has been shown to reduce tissue damage and symptoms in models of inflammatory bowel disease, and P2X7 receptors on enteric neurons were suggested to mediate neuronal death and associated motility changes. Here, we used P2X7-specific antibodies and nanobodies, as well as a bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic P2X7-EGFP reporter mouse model and P2rx7-/- controls to perform a detailed analysis of cell type-specific P2X7 expression and possible overexpression effects in the enteric nervous system of the distal colon. In contrast to previous studies, we did not detect P2X7 in neurons but found dominant expression in glia and macrophages, which closely interact with the neurons. The overexpression of P2X7 per se did not induce significant pathological effects. Our data indicate that macrophages and/or glia account for P2X7-mediated neuronal damage in inflammatory bowel disease and provide a refined basis for the exploration of P2X7-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Jooss
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Béla Zimmer
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Rezzonico-Jost
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Björn Rissiek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Frauke Seehusen
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology (LAMP), Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schemann
- Human Biology, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Fabio Grassi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
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Tian D, Xu W, Pan W, Zheng B, Yang W, Jia W, Liu Y, Garstka MA, Gao Y, Yu H. Fecal microbiota transplantation enhances cell therapy in a rat model of hypoganglionosis by SCFA-induced MEK1/2 signaling pathway. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111139. [PMID: 36382711 PMCID: PMC9811615 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), one of several neurocristopathies in children, is characterized by nerve loss in the large intestine and is mainly treated by surgery, which causes severe complications. Enteric neural crest-derived cell (ENCC) transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy; however, so far with poor efficacy. Here, we assessed whether and how fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could improve ENCC transplantation in a rat model of hypoganglionosis; a condition similar to HSCR, with less intestinal innervation. We found that the hypoganglionosis intestinal microenvironment negatively influenced the ENCC functional phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Combining 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted mass spectrometry revealed microbial dysbiosis and reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in the hypoganglionic gut. FMT increased the abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium, SCFA production, and improved outcomes following ENCC transplantation. SCFAs alone stimulated ENCC proliferation, migration, and supported ENCC transplantation. Transcriptome-wide mRNA sequencing identified MAPK signaling as the top differentially regulated pathway in response to SCFA exposure, and inhibition of MEK1/2 signaling abrogated the SCFA-mediated effects on ENCC. This study demonstrates that FMT improves cell therapy for hypoganglionosis via short-chain fatty acid metabolism-induced MEK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Tian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wenyao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weikang Pan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Baijun Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weili Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wanying Jia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Malgorzata A Garstka
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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45
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SIRT3 activation promotes enteric neurons survival and differentiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22076. [PMID: 36543902 PMCID: PMC9772335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric neuron degeneration has been observed during aging, and in individuals with metabolic dysfunction including obesity and diabetes. Honokiol, a naturally occurring compound, is an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) that has antioxidant activity. Its role in modulating enteric neuron-specific neurodegeneration is unknown. We studied the effects of honokiol and its fluorinated analog, hexafluoro-honokiol, on enteric neuronal differentiation and survival. We used a previously established model of mouse primary enteric neuronal cells and an enteric neuronal cell line treated with palmitate (PA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and enteric neuronal cell death. The effect of honokiol and hexafluoro-honokiol was assessed on neuronal phenotype, fiber density, differentiation, and pyroptosis. Honokiol and hexafluoro-honokiol significantly increased neuronal networks and fiber density in enteric neurons and increased levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Choline acetyltransferase mRNA. Hexafluoro-honokiol and honokiol also significantly increased SIRT3 mRNA levels and suppressed palmitate and LPS-induced neuronal pyroptosis. SIRT3 knock-down prevented the hexafluoro-honokiol mediated suppression of mitochondrial superoxide release. Our data supports a neuroprotective effect of honokiol and its derivative and these could be used as prophylactic or therapeutic agents for treating enteric neurodegeneration and associated motility disorders.
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46
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Wang D, Zhang X, Du H. Inflammatory bowel disease: A potential pathogenic factor of Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 119:110610. [PMID: 35908596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a central nervous system disease characterised by degenerative cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. In a society where the global population is gradually ageing, the health threats and financial burdens caused by AD are becoming increasingly severe since AD often occurs in old age. With the in-depth study of AD, many new pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed, among which bidirectional communication between intestinal microbes and the brain has attracted widespread attention. The aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is related to the imbalance of the gut microbiota. Epidemiological investigations have shown that patients with IBD are more likely to suffer from AD. Targeting IBD as a potential AD treatment target has attracted considerable interest. Here, we reviewed the link between chronic intestinal inflammation and central nervous system inflammation and found that IBD patients had a higher risk of AD than non-IBD patients. Preclinical models based on AD also showed that IBD aggravated the condition of AD. We discussed possible biological links between AD and IBD, including the gut-brain axis, autoimmunity, and the gut microbiota. In addition, IBD-induced changes in intestinal microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan, which aggravate the development of AD, were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
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47
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Cirillo G, Negrete-Diaz F, Yucuma D, Virtuoso A, Korai SA, De Luca C, Kaniusas E, Papa M, Panetsos F. Vagus Nerve Stimulation: A Personalized Therapeutic Approach for Crohn's and Other Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244103. [PMID: 36552867 PMCID: PMC9776705 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are incurable autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. There is increasing evidence that inappropriate interaction between the enteric nervous system and central nervous system and/or low activity of the vagus nerve, which connects the enteric and central nervous systems, could play a crucial role in their pathogenesis. Therefore, it has been suggested that appropriate neuroprosthetic stimulation of the vagus nerve could lead to the modulation of the inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and consequent long-term control of these autoimmune diseases. In the present paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of (1) the cellular and molecular bases of the immune system, (2) the way central and enteric nervous systems interact and contribute to the immune responses, (3) the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel disease, and (4) the therapeutic use of vagus nerve stimulation, and in particular, the transcutaneous stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. Then, we expose the working hypotheses for the modulation of the molecular processes that are responsible for intestinal inflammation in autoimmune diseases and the way we could develop personalized neuroprosthetic therapeutic devices and procedures in favor of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cirillo
- Division of Human Anatomy, Neuronal Morphology Networks & Systems Biology Lab, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Flor Negrete-Diaz
- Neurocomputing & Neurorobotics Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Yucuma
- Neurocomputing & Neurorobotics Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Assunta Virtuoso
- Division of Human Anatomy, Neuronal Morphology Networks & Systems Biology Lab, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Sohaib Ali Korai
- Division of Human Anatomy, Neuronal Morphology Networks & Systems Biology Lab, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro De Luca
- Division of Human Anatomy, Neuronal Morphology Networks & Systems Biology Lab, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Papa
- Division of Human Anatomy, Neuronal Morphology Networks & Systems Biology Lab, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
- SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology ISBE-IT, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Fivos Panetsos
- Neurocomputing & Neurorobotics Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IdISSC), Hospital Clinico San Carlos de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (F.P.)
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Feng J, Xie Z, Hu H. Ion channel regulation of gut immunity. J Gen Physiol 2022; 155:213734. [PMID: 36459135 PMCID: PMC9723512 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis hinges on communications among many cellular networks including the intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and both intrinsic and extrinsic nerves innervating the gut. The GI tract, especially the colon, is the home base for gut microbiome which dynamically regulates immune function. The gut's immune system also provides an effective defense against harmful pathogens entering the GI tract while maintaining immune homeostasis to avoid exaggerated immune reaction to innocuous food and commensal antigens which are important causes of inflammatory disorders such as coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Various ion channels have been detected in multiple cell types throughout the GI tract. By regulating membrane properties and intracellular biochemical signaling, ion channels play a critical role in synchronized signaling among diverse cellular components in the gut that orchestrates the GI immune response. This work focuses on the role of ion channels in immune cells, non-immune resident cells, and neuroimmune interactions in the gut at the steady state and pathological conditions. Understanding the cellular and molecular basis of ion channel signaling in these immune-related pathways and initial testing of pharmacological intervention will facilitate the development of ion channel-based therapeutic approaches for the treatment of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China,Correspondence to Jing Feng:
| | - Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Hongzhen Hu:
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49
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Nerves in gastrointestinal cancer: from mechanism to modulations. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:768-784. [PMID: 36056202 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of gastrointestinal health is challenging as it requires balancing multifaceted processes within the highly complex and dynamic ecosystem of the gastrointestinal tract. Disturbances within this vibrant environment can have detrimental consequences, including the onset of gastrointestinal cancers. Globally, gastrointestinal cancers account for ~19% of all cancer cases and ~22.5% of all cancer-related deaths. Developing new ways to more readily detect and more efficiently target these malignancies are urgently needed. Whereas members of the tumour microenvironment, such as immune cells and fibroblasts, have already been in the spotlight as key players of cancer initiation and progression, the importance of the nervous system in gastrointestinal cancers has only been highlighted in the past few years. Although extrinsic innervations modulate gastrointestinal cancers, cells and signals from the gut's intrinsic innervation also have the ability to do so. Here, we shed light on this thriving field and discuss neural influences during gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. We focus on the interactions between neurons and components of the gastrointestinal tract and tumour microenvironment, on the neural signalling pathways involved, and how these factors affect the cancer hallmarks, and discuss the neural signatures in gastrointestinal cancers. Finally, we highlight neural-related therapies that have potential for the management of gastrointestinal cancers.
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50
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Chen W, Liao L, Huang Z, Lu Y, Lin Y, Pei Y, Yi S, Huang C, Cao H, Tan B. Patchouli alcohol improved diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating excitatory neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus of rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:943119. [PMID: 36452228 PMCID: PMC9703083 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.943119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is usually associated with chronic gastrointestinal disorders. Its most common subtype is accompanied with diarrhea (IBS-D). The enteric nervous system (ENS) modulates major gastrointestinal motility and functions whose aberration may induce IBS-D. The enteric neurons are susceptible to long-term neurotransmitter level alterations. The patchouli alcohol (PA), extracted from Pogostemonis Herba, has been reported to regulate neurotransmitter release in the ENS, while its effectiveness against IBS-D and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. Experimental Approach: In this study, we established an IBS-D model in rats through chronic restraint stress. We administered the rats with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of PA for intestinal and visceral examinations. The longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) neurons were further immunohistochemically stained for quantitative, morphological, and neurotransmitters analyses. Key Results: We found that PA decreased visceral sensitivity, diarrhea symptoms and intestinal transit in the IBS-D rats. Meanwhile, 10 and 20 mg/kg of PA significantly reduced the proportion of excitatory LMMP neurons in the distal colon, decreased the number of acetylcholine (Ach)- and substance P (SP)-positive neurons in the distal colon and restored the levels of Ach and SP in the IBS-D rats. Conclusion and Implications: These findings indicated that PA modulated LMMP excitatory neuron activities, improved intestinal motility and alleviated IBS-induced diarrheal symptoms, suggesting the potential therapeutic efficacy of PA against IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Chen
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Liao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Huang
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Lu
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yukang Lin
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicines, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Pei
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulin Yi
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Research Centre of Basic Intergrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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