1
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Jones CH, Hauguel T, Beitelshees M, Davitt M, Welch V, Lindert K, Allen P, True JM, Dolsten M. Deciphering immune responses: a comparative analysis of influenza vaccination platforms. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104125. [PMID: 39097221 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Influenza still poses a significant challenge due to its high mutation rates and the low effectiveness of traditional vaccines. At present, antibodies that neutralize the highly variable hemagglutinin antigen are a major driver of the observed variable protection. To decipher how influenza vaccines can be improved, an analysis of licensed vaccine platforms was conducted, contrasting the strengths and limitations of their different mechanisms of protection. Through this review, it is evident that these vaccines do not elicit the robust cellular immune response critical for protecting high-risk groups. Emerging platforms, such as RNA vaccines, that induce robust cellular responses that may be additive to the recognized mechanism of protection through hemagglutinin inhibition may overcome these constraints to provide broader, protective immunity. By combining both humoral and cellular responses, such platforms could help guide the future influenza vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Verna Welch
- Pfizer, Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY 10018, USA
| | | | - Pirada Allen
- Pfizer, Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY 10018, USA
| | - Jane M True
- Pfizer, Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY 10018, USA.
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2
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Zhou D, Cheng R, Yao Y, Zhang G, Li X, Wang B, Wang Y, Yu F, Yang S, Liu H, Gao G, Peng Y, Chen M, Deng Z, Zhao H. An attachment glycoprotein nanoparticle elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies and protects against lethal Nipah virus infection. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:158. [PMID: 39217188 PMCID: PMC11365981 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic emergent paramyxovirus that can cause severe encephalitis and respiratory infections in humans, with a high fatality rate ranging from 40% to 75%. Currently, there are no approved human vaccines or antiviral drugs against NiV. Here, we designed a ferritin-based self-assembling nanoparticle displaying the NiV G head domain on the surface (NiV G-ferritin) and assessed immune responses elicited by the soluble NiV G head domain (NiV sG) or NiV G-ferritin. Immunization with NiV G-ferritin or NiV sG conferred complete protection against lethal NiV challenge without detection of viral RNA in Syrian golden hamsters. Compared to NiV sG, NiV G-ferritin induced significantly faster, broader, and higher serum neutralizing responses against three pathogenic henipaviruses (NiV-Malaysia, NiV-Bangladesh, and Hendra virus). Moreover, NiV G-ferritin induced a durable neutralizing immunity in mice as antisera potently inhibited NiV infection even after six months of the third immunization. Additionally, we isolated a panel of 27 NiV G-binding monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from NiV G-ferritin immunized mice and found that these mAbs targeted four distinct antigenic sites on NiV G head domain with two sites that have not been defined previously. Notably, 25 isolated mAbs have potent neutralizing activity with 50% inhibitory concentrations less than 10 ng/mL against NiV pseudovirus. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the immunogenicity of NiV G protein and reveal that NiV G-ferritin is a safe and highly effective vaccine candidate against Nipah virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfeng Yao
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shangyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miaoyu Chen
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zengqin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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3
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Riedmiller I, Fougeroux C, Jensen RW, Kana IH, Sander AF, Theander TG, Lavstsen T, Turner L. Mosaic and cocktail capsid-virus-like particle vaccines for induction of antibodies against the EPCR-binding CIDRα1 domain of PfEMP1. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302243. [PMID: 39046960 PMCID: PMC11268589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to the host endothelium is central to the pathogenesis of malaria. The sequestration is mediated by the parasite´s diverse Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variants, which bind select human receptors on the endothelium. Severe malaria is associated with PfEMP1 binding human endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) via their CIDRα1 domains. Antibodies binding and inhibiting across the sequence diverse CIDRα1 domains are likely important in acquired immunity against severe malaria. In this study, we explored if immunization with AP205 bacteriophage capsid-virus-like particles (cVLPs) presenting a mosaic of diverse CIDRα1 protein variants would stimulate broadly reactive and inhibitory antibody responses in mice. Three different mosaic cVLP vaccines each composed of five CIDRα1 protein variants with varying degrees of sequence conservation of residues at and near the EPCR binding site, were tested. All mosaic cVLP vaccines induced functional antibodies comparable to those induced by matched cocktails of cVLPs decorated with the single CIDRα1 variant. No broadly reactive responses were observed. However, the vaccines did induce some cross-reactivity and inhibition within the CIDRα1 subclasses included in the vaccines, demonstrating potential use of the cVLP vaccine platform for the design of multivalent vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilary Riedmiller
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Rasmus W. Jensen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ikhlaq H. Kana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thor G. Theander
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lavstsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Turner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for translational Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Hendricks GG, Grigoryan L, Navarro MJ, Catanzaro NJ, Hubbard ML, Powers JM, Mattocks M, Treichel C, Walls AC, Lee J, Ellis D, Wang JY(J, Cheng S, Miranda MC, Valdez A, Chao CW, Chan S, Men C, Johnson MR, Hui H, Wu SY, Lujan V, Muramatsu H, Lin PJ, Sung MM, Tam YK, Leaf EM, Pardi N, Baric RS, Pulendran B, Veesler D, Schäfer A, King NP. Computationally designed mRNA-launched protein nanoparticle vaccines. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.22.604655. [PMID: 39091730 PMCID: PMC11291046 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.22.604655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Both protein nanoparticle and mRNA vaccines were clinically de-risked during the COVID-19 pandemic1-6. These vaccine modalities have complementary strengths: antigen display on protein nanoparticles can enhance the magnitude, quality, and durability of antibody responses7-10, while mRNA vaccines can be rapidly manufactured11 and elicit antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells12,13. Here we leverage a computationally designed icosahedral protein nanoparticle that was redesigned for optimal secretion from eukaryotic cells14 to develop an mRNA-launched nanoparticle vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. The nanoparticle, which displays 60 copies of a stabilized variant of the Wuhan-Hu-1 Spike receptor binding domain (RBD)15, formed monodisperse, antigenically intact assemblies upon secretion from transfected cells. An mRNA vaccine encoding the secreted RBD nanoparticle elicited 5- to 28-fold higher levels of neutralizing antibodies than an mRNA vaccine encoding membrane-anchored Spike, induced higher levels of CD8 T cells than the same immunogen when delivered as an adjuvanted protein nanoparticle, and protected mice from vaccine-matched and -mismatched SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Our data establish that delivering protein nanoparticle immunogens via mRNA vaccines can combine the benefits of each modality and, more broadly, highlight the utility of computational protein design in genetic immunization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace G. Hendricks
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lilit Grigoryan
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary Jane Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Catanzaro
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Miranda L. Hubbard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John M. Powers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melissa Mattocks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Treichel
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandra C. Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jimin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Ellis
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jing Yang (John) Wang
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suna Cheng
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcos C. Miranda
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adian Valdez
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cara W. Chao
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sidney Chan
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine Men
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Max R. Johnson
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Harold Hui
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sheng-Yang Wu
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Victor Lujan
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth M. Leaf
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ralph S. Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Neil P. King
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Lead contact
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5
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Ren H, Zhang B, Zhang X, Wang T, Hou X, Lan X, Pan C, Wu J, Liu B. Self-Assembling Nanoparticle Hemagglutinin Influenza Vaccines Induce High Antibody Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7259. [PMID: 39000366 PMCID: PMC11241447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
As a highly pathogenic avian virus, H5 influenza poses a serious threat to livestock, the poultry industry, and public health security. Hemagglutinin (HA) is both the dominant epitope and the main target of influenza-neutralizing antibodies. Here, we designed a nanoparticle hemagglutinin influenza vaccine to improve the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine. In this study, HA5 subtype influenza virus was used as the candidate antigen and was combined with the artificially designed double-branch scaffold protein I53_dn5 A and B. A structurally correct and bioactive trimer HA5-I53_dn5B/Y98F was obtained through secretion and purification using an insect baculovirus expression system; I53_dn5A was obtained by purification using a prokaryotic expression system. HA5-I53_dn5B/Y98F and I53_dn5A self-assembled into spherical nanoparticles (HA5-I53_dn5) in vitro with a diameter of about 45 nm. Immunization and serum test results showed that both HA5-I53_dn5B/Y98F and HA5-I53_dn5 could induce HA5-specific antibodies; however, the immunogenicity of HA5-I53_dn5 was better than that of HA5-I53_dn5B/Y98F. Groups treated with HA5-I53_dn5B and HA5-I53_dn5 nanoparticles produced IgG antibody titers that were not statistically different from those of the nanoparticle-containing adjuvant group. This production of trimerized HA5-I53_dn5B and HA5-I53_dn5 nanoparticles using baculovirus expression provides a reference for the development of novel, safe, and efficient influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Ren
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Z.); (X.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xvchen Hou
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Z.); (X.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Chuanying Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Z.); (X.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (H.R.); (B.Z.); (T.W.); (X.H.)
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6
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Shetty S, Alvarado PC, Pettie D, Collier JH. Next-Generation Vaccine Development with Nanomaterials: Recent Advances, Possibilities, and Challenges. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:273-306. [PMID: 38959389 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110122-124359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are becoming important tools for vaccine development owing to their tunable and adaptable nature. Unique properties of nanomaterials afford opportunities to modulate trafficking through various tissues, complement or augment adjuvant activities, and specify antigen valency and display. This versatility has enabled recent work designing nanomaterial vaccines for a broad range of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and various infectious diseases. Recent successes of nanoparticle vaccines during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have fueled enthusiasm further. In this review, the most recent developments in nanovaccines for infectious disease, cancer, inflammatory diseases, allergic diseases, and nanoadjuvants are summarized. Additionally, challenges and opportunities for clinical translation of this unique class of materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamitha Shetty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; , , ,
| | - Pablo Cordero Alvarado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; , , ,
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; , , ,
| | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; , , ,
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7
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Xu M, Wei S, Duan L, Ji Y, Han X, Sun Q, Weng L. The recent advancements in protein nanoparticles for immunotherapy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11825-11848. [PMID: 38814163 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the advancement of nanoparticle-based immunotherapy has introduced an innovative strategy for combatting diseases. Compared with other types of nanoparticles, protein nanoparticles have obtained substantial attention owing to their remarkable biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of modification, and finely designed spatial structures. Nature provides several protein nanoparticle platforms, including viral capsids, ferritin, and albumin, which hold significant potential for disease treatment. These naturally occurring protein nanoparticles not only serve as effective drug delivery platforms but also augment antigen delivery and targeting capabilities through techniques like genetic modification and covalent conjugation. Motivated by nature's originality and driven by progress in computational methodologies, scientists have crafted numerous protein nanoparticles with intricate assembly structures, showing significant potential in the development of multivalent vaccines. Consequently, both naturally occurring and de novo designed protein nanoparticles are anticipated to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. This review consolidates the advancements in protein nanoparticles for immunotherapy across diseases including cancer and other diseases like influenza, pneumonia, and hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Siyuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lifan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yifan Ji
- Portland Institute, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaofan Han
- Portland Institute, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qipeng Sun
- Portland Institute, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lixing Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
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8
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Hao X, Yuan F, Yao X. Advances in virus-like particle-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1406091. [PMID: 38988812 PMCID: PMC11233461 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1406091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has incurred devastating human and economic losses. Vaccination remains the most effective approach for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, the sustained evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants has provoked concerns among the scientific community regarding the development of next-generation COVID-19 vaccines. Among these, given their safety, immunogenicity, and flexibility to display varied and native epitopes, virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines represent one of the most promising next-generation vaccines. In this review, we summarize the advantages and characteristics of VLP platforms, strategies for antigen display, and current clinical trial progress of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on VLP platforms. Importantly, the experience and lessons learned from the development of SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccines provide insights into the development of strategies based on VLP vaccines to prevent future coronavirus pandemics and other epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hao
- Department of Teaching Administration, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Feifei Yuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
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9
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Pandey KK, Sahoo BR, Pattnaik AK. Protein Nanoparticles as Vaccine Platforms for Human and Zoonotic Viruses. Viruses 2024; 16:936. [PMID: 38932228 PMCID: PMC11209504 DOI: 10.3390/v16060936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most effective medical interventions, playing a pivotal role in treating infectious diseases. Although traditional vaccines comprise killed, inactivated, or live-attenuated pathogens that have resulted in protective immune responses, the negative consequences of their administration have been well appreciated. Modern vaccines have evolved to contain purified antigenic subunits, epitopes, or antigen-encoding mRNAs, rendering them relatively safe. However, reduced humoral and cellular responses pose major challenges to these subunit vaccines. Protein nanoparticle (PNP)-based vaccines have garnered substantial interest in recent years for their ability to present a repetitive array of antigens for improving immunogenicity and enhancing protective responses. Discovery and characterisation of naturally occurring PNPs from various living organisms such as bacteria, archaea, viruses, insects, and eukaryotes, as well as computationally designed structures and approaches to link antigens to the PNPs, have paved the way for unprecedented advances in the field of vaccine technology. In this review, we focus on some of the widely used naturally occurring and optimally designed PNPs for their suitability as promising vaccine platforms for displaying native-like antigens from human viral pathogens for protective immune responses. Such platforms hold great promise in combating emerging and re-emerging infectious viral diseases and enhancing vaccine efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kush K. Pandey
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (K.K.P.); (B.R.S.)
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Bikash R. Sahoo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (K.K.P.); (B.R.S.)
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Asit K. Pattnaik
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (K.K.P.); (B.R.S.)
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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10
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Meador K, Castells-Graells R, Aguirre R, Sawaya MR, Arbing MA, Sherman T, Senarathne C, Yeates TO. A suite of designed protein cages using machine learning and protein fragment-based protocols. Structure 2024; 32:751-765.e11. [PMID: 38513658 PMCID: PMC11162342 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Designed protein cages and related materials provide unique opportunities for applications in biotechnology and medicine, but their creation remains challenging. Here, we apply computational approaches to design a suite of tetrahedrally symmetric, self-assembling protein cages. For the generation of docked conformations, we emphasize a protein fragment-based approach, while for sequence design of the de novo interface, a comparison of knowledge-based and machine learning protocols highlights the power and increased experimental success achieved using ProteinMPNN. An analysis of design outcomes provides insights for improving interface design protocols, including prioritizing fragment-based motifs, balancing interface hydrophobicity and polarity, and identifying preferred polar contact patterns. In all, we report five structures for seven protein cages, along with two structures of intermediate assemblies, with the highest resolution reaching 2.0 Å using cryo-EM. This set of designed cages adds substantially to the body of available protein nanoparticles, and to methodologies for their creation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Meador
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Roman Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark A Arbing
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Trent Sherman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chethaka Senarathne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Todd O Yeates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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11
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Tang D, Gueto-Tettay C, Hjortswang E, Ströbaek J, Ekström S, Happonen L, Malmström L, Malmström J. Multimodal Mass Spectrometry Identifies a Conserved Protective Epitope in S. pyogenes Streptolysin O. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9060-9068. [PMID: 38701337 PMCID: PMC11154737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
An important element of antibody-guided vaccine design is the use of neutralizing or opsonic monoclonal antibodies to define protective epitopes in their native three-dimensional conformation. Here, we demonstrate a multimodal mass spectrometry-based strategy for in-depth characterization of antigen-antibody complexes to enable the identification of protective epitopes using the cytolytic exotoxin Streptolysin O (SLO) from Streptococcus pyogenes as a showcase. We first discovered a monoclonal antibody with an undisclosed sequence capable of neutralizing SLO-mediated cytolysis. The amino acid sequence of both the antibody light and the heavy chain was determined using mass-spectrometry-based de novo sequencing, followed by chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry to generate distance constraints between the antibody fragment antigen-binding region and SLO. Subsequent integrative computational modeling revealed a discontinuous epitope located in domain 3 of SLO that was experimentally validated by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and reverse engineering of the targeted epitope. The results show that the antibody inhibits SLO-mediated cytolysis by binding to a discontinuous epitope in domain 3, likely preventing oligomerization and subsequent secondary structure transitions critical for pore-formation. The epitope is highly conserved across >98% of the characterized S. pyogenes isolates, making it an attractive target for antibody-based therapy and vaccine design against severe streptococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Tang
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Carlos Gueto-Tettay
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Hjortswang
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Joel Ströbaek
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Simon Ekström
- SciLifeLab,
Integrated Structural Biology Platform, Structural Proteomics Unit
Sweden, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222
42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lotta Happonen
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Malmström
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Malmström
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 32, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
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12
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Pascha MN, Ballegeer M, Roelofs MC, Meuris L, Albulescu IC, van Kuppeveld FJM, Hurdiss DL, Bosch BJ, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Saelens X, de Haan CAM. Nanoparticle display of neuraminidase elicits enhanced antibody responses and protection against influenza A virus challenge. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:97. [PMID: 38821988 PMCID: PMC11143307 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current Influenza virus vaccines primarily induce antibody responses against variable epitopes in hemagglutinin (HA), necessitating frequent updates. However, antibodies against neuraminidase (NA) can also confer protection against influenza, making NA an attractive target for the development of novel vaccines. In this study, we aimed to enhance the immunogenicity of recombinant NA antigens by presenting them multivalently on a nanoparticle carrier. Soluble tetrameric NA antigens of the N1 and N2 subtypes, confirmed to be correctly folded by cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis, were conjugated to Mi3 self-assembling protein nanoparticles using the SpyTag-SpyCatcher system. Immunization of mice with NA-Mi3 nanoparticles induced higher titers of NA-binding and -inhibiting antibodies and improved protection against a lethal challenge compared to unconjugated NA. Additionally, we explored the co-presentation of N1 and N2 antigens on the same Mi3 particles to create a mosaic vaccine candidate. These mosaic nanoparticles elicited antibody titers that were similar or superior to the homotypic nanoparticles and effectively protected against H1N1 and H3N2 challenge viruses. The NA-Mi3 nanoparticles represent a promising vaccine candidate that could complement HA-directed approaches for enhanced potency and broadened protection against influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Pascha
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Ballegeer
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M C Roelofs
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L Meuris
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - I C Albulescu
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F J M van Kuppeveld
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D L Hurdiss
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B J Bosch
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T Zeev-Ben-Mordehai
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - X Saelens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - C A M de Haan
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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13
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Yang YR, Han J, Perrett HR, Richey ST, Rodriguez AJ, Jackson AM, Gillespie RA, O'Connell S, Raab JE, Cominsky LY, Chopde A, Kanekiyo M, Houser KV, Chen GL, McDermott AB, Andrews SF, Ward AB. Immune memory shapes human polyclonal antibody responses to H2N2 vaccination. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114171. [PMID: 38717904 PMCID: PMC11156625 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus subtype H2N2, which caused the 1957 influenza pandemic, remains a global threat. A recent phase 1 clinical trial investigating a ferritin nanoparticle vaccine displaying H2 hemagglutinin (HA) in H2-naive and H2-exposed adults enabled us to perform comprehensive structural and biochemical characterization of immune memory on the breadth and diversity of the polyclonal serum antibody response elicited. We temporally map the epitopes targeted by serum antibodies after vaccine prime and boost, revealing that previous H2 exposure results in higher responses to the variable HA head domain. In contrast, initial responses in H2-naive participants are dominated by antibodies targeting conserved epitopes. We use cryoelectron microscopy and monoclonal B cell isolation to describe the molecular details of cross-reactive antibodies targeting conserved epitopes on the HA head, including the receptor-binding site and a new site of vulnerability deemed the medial junction. Our findings accentuate the impact of pre-existing influenza exposure on serum antibody responses post-vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe R Yang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Julianna Han
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hailee R Perrett
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sara T Richey
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alesandra J Rodriguez
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Abigail M Jackson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Sarah O'Connell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Julie E Raab
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Lauren Y Cominsky
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Ankita Chopde
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Katherine V Houser
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Grace L Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Adrian B McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA
| | - Sarah F Andrews
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20902, USA.
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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14
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Liu C, Xu S, Zheng Y, Xie Y, Xu K, Chai Y, Luo T, Dai L, Gao GF. Mosaic RBD nanoparticle elicits immunodominant antibody responses across sarbecoviruses. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114235. [PMID: 38748880 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle vaccines displaying mosaic receptor-binding domains (RBDs) or spike (S) from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or other sarbecoviruses are used in preparedness against potential zoonotic outbreaks. Here, we describe a self-assembling nanoparticle using lumazine synthase (LuS) as the scaffold to display RBDs from different sarbecoviruses. Mosaic nanoparticles induce sarbecovirus cross-neutralizing antibodies comparable to a nanoparticle cocktail. We find mosaic nanoparticles elicit a B cell receptor repertoire using an immunodominant germline gene pair of IGHV14-3:IGKV14-111. Most of the tested IGHV14-3:IGKV14-111 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are broadly cross-reactive to clade 1a, 1b, and 3 sarbecoviruses. Using mAb competition and cryo-electron microscopy, we determine that a representative IGHV14-3:IGKV14-111 mAb, M2-7, binds to a conserved epitope on the RBD, largely overlapping with the pan-sarbecovirus mAb S2H97. This suggests mosaic nanoparticles expand B cell recognition of the common epitopes shared by different clades of sarbecoviruses. These results provide immunological insights into the cross-reactive responses elicited by mosaic nanoparticles against sarbecoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Senyu Xu
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tingrong Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Lianpan Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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15
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Tang P, Cui E, Cheng J, Li B, Tao J, Shi Y, Jiao J, Du E, Wang J, Liu H. A ferritin nanoparticle vaccine based on the hemagglutinin extracellular domain of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus elicits protective immune responses in mice and pigs. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361323. [PMID: 38835763 PMCID: PMC11148206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Swine influenza viruses (SIVs) pose significant economic losses to the pig industry and are a burden on global public health systems. The increasing complexity of the distribution and evolution of different serotypes of influenza strains in swine herds escalates the potential for the emergence of novel pandemic viruses, so it is essential to develop new vaccines based on swine influenza. Methods Here, we constructed a self-assembling ferritin nanoparticle vaccine based on the hemagglutinin (HA) extracellular domain of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus using insect baculovirus expression vector system (IBEVS), and after two immunizations, the immunogenicities and protective efficacies of the HA-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine against the swine influenza virus H1N1 strain in mice and piglets were evaluated. Results Our results demonstrated that HA-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine induced more efficient immunity than traditional swine influenza vaccines. Vaccination with the HA-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine elicited robust hemagglutinin inhibition titers and antigen-specific IgG antibodies and increased cytokine levels in serum. MF59 adjuvant can significantly promote the humoral immunity of HA-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine. Furthermore, challenge tests showed that HA-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine conferred full protection against lethal challenge with H1N1 virus and significantly decreased the severity of virus-associated lung lesions after challenge in both BALB/c mice and piglets. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that the hemagglutinin extracellular-based ferritin nanoparticle vaccine may be a promising vaccine candidate against SIVs infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Tang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Enhui Cui
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghua Cheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Benqiang Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajie Jiao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Enqi Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huili Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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16
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Brinkkemper M, Poniman M, Siteur-van Rijnstra E, Iddouch WA, Bijl TP, Guerra D, Tejjani K, Grobben M, Bhoelan F, Bemelman D, Kempers R, van Gils MJ, Sliepen K, Stegmann T, van der Velden YU, Sanders RW. A spike virosome vaccine induces pan-sarbecovirus antibody responses in mice. iScience 2024; 27:109719. [PMID: 38706848 PMCID: PMC11068555 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic events by sarbecoviruses have sparked an epidemic (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [SARS-CoV]) and a pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) in the past two decades. The continued risk of spillovers from animals to humans is an ongoing threat to global health and a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine would be an important contribution to pandemic preparedness. Here, we describe multivalent virosome-based vaccines that present stabilized spike proteins from four sarbecovirus strains, one from each clade. A cocktail of four monovalent virosomes or a mosaic virosome preparation induced broad sarbecovirus binding and neutralizing antibody responses in mice. Pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and extending the intervals between immunizations enhanced antibody responses. These results should inform the development of a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine, as part of our efforts to prepare for and/or avoid a next pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Brinkkemper
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meliawati Poniman
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Siteur-van Rijnstra
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Widad Ait Iddouch
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom P.L. Bijl
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Denise Guerra
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Khadija Tejjani
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marloes Grobben
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Farien Bhoelan
- Mymetics BV, JH Oortweg 21, CH 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ronald Kempers
- Mymetics BV, JH Oortweg 21, CH 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marit J. van Gils
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Toon Stegmann
- Mymetics BV, JH Oortweg 21, CH 2333 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yme U. van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Luo Z, Miranda HA, Burke KN, Spurrier MA, Berry M, Stover EL, Spreng RL, Waitt G, Soderblom EJ, Macintyre AN, Wiehe K, Heaton NS. Vaccination with antigenically complex hemagglutinin mixtures confers broad protection from influenza disease. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadj4685. [PMID: 38691617 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Current seasonal influenza virus vaccines induce responses primarily against immunodominant but highly plastic epitopes in the globular head of the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. Because of viral antigenic drift at these sites, vaccines need to be updated and readministered annually. To increase the breadth of influenza vaccine-mediated protection, we developed an antigenically complex mixture of recombinant HAs designed to redirect immune responses to more conserved domains of the protein. Vaccine-induced antibodies were disproportionally redistributed to the more conserved stalk of the HA without hindering, and in some cases improving, antibody responses against the head domain. These improved responses led to increased protection against homologous and heterologous viral challenges in both mice and ferrets compared with conventional vaccine approaches. Thus, antigenically complex protein mixtures can at least partially overcome HA head domain antigenic immunodominance and may represent a step toward a more universal influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochen Luo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hector A Miranda
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kaitlyn N Burke
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - M Ariel Spurrier
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Madison Berry
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erica L Stover
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rachel L Spreng
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Greg Waitt
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erik J Soderblom
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrew N Macintyre
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicholas S Heaton
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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18
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Del Moral-Sánchez I, Wee EG, Xian Y, Lee WH, Allen JD, Torrents de la Peña A, Fróes Rocha R, Ferguson J, León AN, Koekkoek S, Schermer EE, Burger JA, Kumar S, Zwolsman R, Brinkkemper M, Aartse A, Eggink D, Han J, Yuan M, Crispin M, Ozorowski G, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Hanke T, Sliepen K, Sanders RW. Triple tandem trimer immunogens for HIV-1 and influenza nucleic acid-based vaccines. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:74. [PMID: 38582771 PMCID: PMC10998906 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant native-like HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers are used in candidate vaccines aimed at inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies. While state-of-the-art SOSIP or single-chain Env designs can be expressed as native-like trimers, undesired monomers, dimers and malformed trimers that elicit non-neutralizing antibodies are also formed, implying that these designs could benefit from further modifications for gene-based vaccination approaches. Here, we describe the triple tandem trimer (TTT) design, in which three Env protomers are genetically linked in a single open reading frame and express as native-like trimers. Viral vectored Env TTT induced similar neutralization titers but with a higher proportion of trimer-specific responses. The TTT design was also applied to generate influenza hemagglutinin (HA) trimers without the need for trimerization domains. Additionally, we used TTT to generate well-folded chimeric Env and HA trimers that harbor protomers from three different strains. In summary, the TTT design is a useful platform for the design of HIV-1 Env and influenza HA immunogens for a multitude of vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Del Moral-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edmund G Wee
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuejiao Xian
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Alba Torrents de la Peña
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Fróes Rocha
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James Ferguson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - André N León
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edith E Schermer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith A Burger
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Robby Zwolsman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mitch Brinkkemper
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aafke Aartse
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Eggink
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julianna Han
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tomáš Hanke
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Minahan NT, Yen TY, Guo YLL, Shu PY, Tsai KH. Concatenated ScaA and TSA56 Surface Antigen Sequences Reflect Genome-Scale Phylogeny of Orientia tsutsugamushi: An Analysis Including Two Genomes from Taiwan. Pathogens 2024; 13:299. [PMID: 38668254 PMCID: PMC11054523 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Orientia tsutsugamushi is an obligate intracellular bacterium associated with trombiculid mites and is the causative agent of scrub typhus, a life-threatening febrile disease. Strain typing of O. tsutsugamushi is based on its immunodominant surface antigen, 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA56). However, TSA56 gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis is only partially congruent with core genome-based phylogenetic analysis. Thus, this study investigated whether concatenated surface antigen sequences, including surface cell antigen (Sca) proteins, can reflect the genome-scale phylogeny of O. tsutsugamushi. Complete genomes were obtained for two common O. tsutsugamushi strains in Taiwan, TW-1 and TW-22, and the core genome/proteome was identified for 11 O. tsutsugamushi strains. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods, and the congruence between trees was assessed using a quartet similarity measure. Phylogenetic analysis based on 691 concatenated core protein sequences produced identical tree topologies with ML and NJ methods. Among TSA56 and core Sca proteins (ScaA, ScaC, ScaD, and ScaE), TSA56 trees were most similar to the core protein tree, and ScaA trees were the least similar. However, concatenated ScaA and TSA56 sequences produced trees that were highly similar to the core protein tree, the NJ tree being more similar. Strain-level characterization of O. tsutsugamushi may be improved by coanalyzing ScaA and TSA56 sequences, which are also important targets for their combined immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T. Minahan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
| | - Tsai-Ying Yen
- Centers for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115210, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Yue-Liang Leon Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Shu
- Centers for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115210, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Kun-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
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20
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Herpoldt KL, López CL, Sappington I, Pham MN, Srinivasan S, Netland J, Montgomery KS, Roy D, Prossnitz AN, Ellis D, Wargacki AJ, Pepper M, Convertine AJ, Stayton PS, King NP. Macromolecular Cargo Encapsulation via In Vitro Assembly of Two-Component Protein Nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303910. [PMID: 38180445 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembling protein nanoparticles are a promising class of materials for targeted drug delivery. Here, the use of a computationally designed, two-component, icosahedral protein nanoparticle is reported to encapsulate multiple macromolecular cargoes via simple and controlled self-assembly in vitro. Single-stranded RNA molecules between 200 and 2500 nucleotides in length are encapsulated and protected from enzymatic degradation for up to a month with length-dependent decay rates. Immunogenicity studies of nanoparticles packaging synthetic polymers carrying a small-molecule TLR7/8 agonist show that co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant results in a more than 20-fold increase in humoral immune responses while minimizing systemic cytokine secretion associated with free adjuvant. Coupled with the precise control over nanoparticle structure offered by computational design, robust and versatile encapsulation via in vitro assembly opens the door to a new generation of cargo-loaded protein nanoparticles that can combine the therapeutic effects of multiple drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla-Luise Herpoldt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ciana L López
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Isaac Sappington
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Minh N Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jason Netland
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Debashish Roy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Daniel Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Adam J Wargacki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Patrick S Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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21
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Deng Y, Tang M, Ross TM, Schmidt AG, Chakraborty AK, Lingwood D. Repeated vaccination with homologous influenza hemagglutinin broadens human antibody responses to unmatched flu viruses. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.27.24303943. [PMID: 38585939 PMCID: PMC10996724 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.24303943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The on-going diversification of influenza virus necessicates annual vaccine updating. The vaccine antigen, the viral spike protein hemagglutinin (HA), tends to elicit strain-specific neutralizing activity, predicting that sequential immunization with the same HA strain will boost antibodies with narrow coverage. However, repeated vaccination with homologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccine eventually elicits neutralizing activity against highly unmatched variants, questioning this immunological premise. We evaluated a longitudinal influenza vaccine cohort, where each year the subjects received the same, novel H1N1 2009 pandemic vaccine strain. Repeated vaccination gradually enhanced receptor-blocking antibodies (HAI) to highly unmatched H1N1 strains within individuals with no initial memory recall against these historical viruses. An in silico model of affinity maturation in germinal centers integrated with a model of differentiation and expansion of memory cells provides insight into the mechanisms underlying these results and shows how repeated exposure to the same immunogen can broaden the antibody response against diversified targets.
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22
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de Haas RJ, Brunette N, Goodson A, Dauparas J, Yi SY, Yang EC, Dowling Q, Nguyen H, Kang A, Bera AK, Sankaran B, de Vries R, Baker D, King NP. Rapid and automated design of two-component protein nanomaterials using ProteinMPNN. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314646121. [PMID: 38502697 PMCID: PMC10990136 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314646121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of protein-protein interfaces using physics-based design methods such as Rosetta requires substantial computational resources and manual refinement by expert structural biologists. Deep learning methods promise to simplify protein-protein interface design and enable its application to a wide variety of problems by researchers from various scientific disciplines. Here, we test the ability of a deep learning method for protein sequence design, ProteinMPNN, to design two-component tetrahedral protein nanomaterials and benchmark its performance against Rosetta. ProteinMPNN had a similar success rate to Rosetta, yielding 13 new experimentally confirmed assemblies, but required orders of magnitude less computation and no manual refinement. The interfaces designed by ProteinMPNN were substantially more polar than those designed by Rosetta, which facilitated in vitro assembly of the designed nanomaterials from independently purified components. Crystal structures of several of the assemblies confirmed the accuracy of the design method at high resolution. Our results showcase the potential of deep learning-based methods to unlock the widespread application of designed protein-protein interfaces and self-assembling protein nanomaterials in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert J. de Haas
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen6078 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie Brunette
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Alex Goodson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Justas Dauparas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Sue Y. Yi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Erin C. Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Quinton Dowling
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Hannah Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Alex Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Asim K. Bera
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Renko de Vries
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen6078 WE, The Netherlands
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- HHMI, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Neil P. King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
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23
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Chao CW, Sprouse KR, Miranda MC, Catanzaro NJ, Hubbard ML, Addetia A, Stewart C, Brown JT, Dosey A, Valdez A, Ravichandran R, Hendricks GG, Ahlrichs M, Dobbins C, Hand A, Treichel C, Willoughby I, Walls AC, McGuire AT, Leaf EM, Baric RS, Schäfer A, Veesler D, King NP. Protein nanoparticle vaccines induce potent neutralizing antibody responses against MERS-CoV. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.13.584735. [PMID: 38558973 PMCID: PMC10979991 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.584735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic betacoronavirus that causes severe and often lethal respiratory illness in humans. The MERS-CoV spike (S) protein is the viral fusogen and the target of neutralizing antibodies, and has therefore been the focus of vaccine design efforts. Currently there are no licensed vaccines against MERS-CoV and only a few candidates have advanced to Phase I clinical trials. Here we developed MERS-CoV vaccines utilizing a computationally designed protein nanoparticle platform that has generated safe and immunogenic vaccines against various enveloped viruses, including a licensed vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. Two-component protein nanoparticles displaying MERS-CoV S-derived antigens induced robust neutralizing antibody responses and protected mice against challenge with mouse-adapted MERS-CoV. Electron microscopy polyclonal epitope mapping and serum competition assays revealed the specificities of the dominant antibody responses elicited by immunogens displaying the prefusion-stabilized S-2P trimer, receptor binding domain (RBD), or N-terminal domain (NTD). An RBD nanoparticle vaccine elicited antibodies targeting multiple non-overlapping epitopes in the RBD, whereas anti-NTD antibodies elicited by the S-2P- and NTD-based immunogens converged on a single antigenic site. Our findings demonstrate the potential of two-component nanoparticle vaccine candidates for MERS-CoV and suggest that this platform technology could be broadly applicable to betacoronavirus vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara W Chao
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Sprouse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marcos C Miranda
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas J Catanzaro
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Miranda L Hubbard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Amin Addetia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cameron Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jack T Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Annie Dosey
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Adian Valdez
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Grace G Hendricks
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Maggie Ahlrichs
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Craig Dobbins
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexis Hand
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Catherine Treichel
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Isabelle Willoughby
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexandra C Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Andrew T McGuire
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Leaf
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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24
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Lim CML, Komarasamy TV, Adnan NAAB, Radhakrishnan AK, Balasubramaniam VRMT. Recent Advances, Approaches and Challenges in the Development of Universal Influenza Vaccines. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2024; 18:e13276. [PMID: 38513364 PMCID: PMC10957243 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Every year, influenza virus infections cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. They pose a substantial burden of disease, in terms of not only health but also the economy. Owing to the ability of influenza viruses to continuously evolve, annual seasonal influenza vaccines are necessary as a prophylaxis. However, current influenza vaccines against seasonal strains have limited effectiveness and require yearly reformulation due to the virus undergoing antigenic drift or shift. Vaccine mismatches are common, conferring suboptimal protection against seasonal outbreaks, and the threat of the next pandemic continues to loom. Therefore, there is a great need to develop a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) capable of providing broad and durable protection against all influenza virus strains. In the quest to develop a UIV that would obviate the need for annual vaccination and formulation, a multitude of strategies is currently underway. Promising approaches include targeting the highly conserved epitopes of haemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), M2 extracellular domain (M2e) and internal proteins of the influenza virus. The identification and characterization of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting conserved regions of the viral HA protein, in particular, have provided important insight into novel vaccine designs and platforms. This review discusses universal vaccine approaches presently under development, with an emphasis on those targeting the highly conserved stalk of the HA protein, recent technological advancements used and the future prospects of a UIV in terms of its advantages, developmental obstacles and potential shortcomings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn Myn Li Lim
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Thamil Vaani Komarasamy
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Nur Amelia Azreen Binti Adnan
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
| | - Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaBandar SunwayMalaysia
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25
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Tarasovetc EV, Sissoko GB, Mukhina AS, Maiorov A, Ataullakhanov FI, Cheeseman IM, Grishchuk EL. Molecular density-accelerated binding-site maturation underlies CENP-T-dependent kinetochore assembly. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.25.581584. [PMID: 38464265 PMCID: PMC10925139 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.25.581584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Formation of macromolecular cellular structures relies on recruitment of multiple proteins, requiring the precisely controlled pairwise binding interactions. At human kinetochores, our recent work found that the high molecular density environment enables strong bonding between the Ndc80 complex and its two binding sites at the CENP-T receptor. However, the mechanistic basis for this unusual density-dependent facilitation remains unknown. Here, using quantitative single-molecule approaches, we reveal two distinct mechanisms that drive preferential recruitment of the Ndc80 complex to higher-order structures of CENP-T, as opposed to CENP-T monomers. First, the Ndc80 binding sites within the disordered tail of the CENP-T mature over time, leading to a stronger grip on the Spc24/25 heads of the Ndc80 complexes. Second, the maturation of Ndc80 binding sites is accelerated when CENP-T molecules are clustered in close proximity. The rates of the clustering-induced maturation are remarkably different for two binding sites within CENP-T, correlating with different interfaces formed by the corresponding CENP-T sequences as they wrap around the Spc24/25 heads. The differential clustering-dependent regulation of these sites is preserved in dividing human cells, suggesting a distinct regulatory entry point to control kinetochore-microtubule interactions. The tunable acceleration of slowly maturing binding sites by a high molecular-density environment may represent a fundamental physicochemical mechanism to assist the assembly of mitotic kinetochores and other macromolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Tarasovetc
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gunter B. Sissoko
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anna S. Mukhina
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Maiorov
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fazoil I. Ataullakhanov
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; Moscow, 117198, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; 141701, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Iain M. Cheeseman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ekaterina L. Grishchuk
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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26
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Yang RS, Traver M, Barefoot N, Stephens T, Alabanza C, Manzella-Lapeira J, Zou G, Wolff J, Li Y, Resto M, Shadrick W, Yang Y, Ivleva VB, Tsybovsky Y, Carlton K, Brzostowski J, Gall JG, Lei QP. Mosaic quadrivalent influenza vaccine single nanoparticle characterization. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4534. [PMID: 38402303 PMCID: PMC10894272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54876-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent work by our laboratory and others indicates that co-display of multiple antigens on protein-based nanoparticles may be key to induce cross-reactive antibodies that provide broad protection against disease. To reach the ultimate goal of a universal vaccine for seasonal influenza, a mosaic influenza nanoparticle vaccine (FluMos-v1) was developed for clinical trial (NCT04896086). FluMos-v1 is unique in that it is designed to co-display four recently circulating haemagglutinin (HA) strains; however, current vaccine analysis techniques are limited to nanoparticle population analysis, thus, are unable to determine the valency of an individual nanoparticle. For the first time, we demonstrate by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and supportive physical-chemical methods that the co-display of four antigens is indeed achieved in single nanoparticles. Additionally, we have determined percentages of multivalent (mosaic) nanoparticles with four, three, or two HA proteins. The integrated imaging and physicochemical methods we have developed for single nanoparticle multivalency will serve to further understand immunogenicity data from our current FluMos-v1 clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sylvie Yang
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Maria Traver
- Twinbrook Imaging Facility, LIG, NIAID, NIH, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nathan Barefoot
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Tyler Stephens
- Vaccine Research Center Electron Microscopy Unit, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Casper Alabanza
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | - Guozhang Zou
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Jeremy Wolff
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Yile Li
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Melissa Resto
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - William Shadrick
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Yanhong Yang
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Vera B Ivleva
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Vaccine Research Center Electron Microscopy Unit, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Carlton
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | - Jason G Gall
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Q Paula Lei
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA.
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Leong SL, Gras S, Grant EJ. Fighting flu: novel CD8 + T-cell targets are required for future influenza vaccines. Clin Transl Immunology 2024; 13:e1491. [PMID: 38362528 PMCID: PMC10867544 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza viruses continue to cause severe medical and financial complications annually. Although there are many licenced influenza vaccines, there are billions of cases of influenza infection every year, resulting in the death of over half a million individuals. Furthermore, these figures can rise in the event of a pandemic, as seen throughout history, like the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic (50 million deaths) and the 1968 Hong Kong influenza pandemic (~4 million deaths). In this review, we have summarised many of the currently licenced influenza vaccines available across the world and current vaccines in clinical trials. We then briefly discuss the important role of CD8+ T cells during influenza infection and why future influenza vaccines should consider targeting CD8+ T cells. Finally, we assess the current landscape of known immunogenic CD8+ T-cell epitopes and highlight the knowledge gaps required to be filled for the design of rational future influenza vaccines that incorporate CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Liwei Leong
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Emma J Grant
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
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28
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Park G, Na W, Lim JW, Park C, Lee S, Yeom M, Ga E, Hwang J, Moon S, Jeong DG, Jeong HH, Song D, Haam S. Self-Assembled Nanostructures Presenting Repetitive Arrays of Subunit Antigens for Enhanced Immune Response. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4847-4861. [PMID: 38189789 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases pose persistent threats to public health, demanding advanced vaccine technologies. Nanomaterial-based delivery systems offer promising solutions to enhance immunogenicity while minimizing reactogenicity. We introduce a self-assembled vaccine (SAV) platform employing antigen-polymer conjugates designed to facilitate robust immune responses. The SAVs exhibit efficient cellular uptake by dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, which are crucial players in the innate immune system. The high-density antigen presentation of this SAV platform enhances the affinity for DCs through multivalent recognition, significantly augmenting humoral immunity. SAV induced high levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, and IgG2a, suggesting that mature DCs efficiently induced B cell activation through multivalent antigen recognition. Universality was confirmed by applying it to respiratory viruses, showcasing its potential as a versatile vaccine platform. Furthermore, we have also demonstrated strong protection against influenza A virus infection with SAV containing hemagglutinin, which is used in influenza A virus subunit vaccines. The efficacy and adaptability of this nanostructured vaccine present potential utility in combating infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunseon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Woonsung Na
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Lim
- Department of Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Yeom
- Department of Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eulhae Ga
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Hwang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyun Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gwin Jeong
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Daesub Song
- Department of Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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29
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Sayedahmed EE, Elshafie NO, dos Santos AP, Jagannath C, Sambhara S, Mittal SK. Development of NP-Based Universal Vaccine for Influenza A Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:157. [PMID: 38400140 PMCID: PMC10892571 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The nucleoprotein (NP) is a vital target for the heterosubtypic immunity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) due to its conservation among influenza virus subtypes. To further enhance the T cell immunity of NP, autophagy-inducing peptide C5 (AIP-C5) from the CFP10 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was used. Mice were immunized intranasally (i.n.) with human adenoviral vectors, HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) or HAd-NP(H7N9), expressing NP of an H7N9 influenza virus with or without the AIP-C5, respectively. Both vaccines developed similar levels of NP-specific systemic and mucosal antibody titers; however, there was a significantly higher number of NP-specific CD8 T cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) group than in the HAd-NP(H7N9) group. The HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) vaccine provided better protection following the challenge with A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1), A/Hong Kong/1/68(H3N2), A/chukkar/MN/14951-7/1998(H5N2), A/goose/Nebraska/17097/2011(H7N9), or A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2) influenza viruses compared to the HAd-NP(H7N9) group. The autophagy transcriptomic gene analysis of the HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) group revealed the upregulation of some genes involved in the positive regulation of the autophagy process. The results support further exploring the use of NP and AIP-C5 for developing a universal influenza vaccine for pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekramy E. Sayedahmed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Nelly O. Elshafie
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Andrea P. dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases and Translational Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill-Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Suryaprakash Sambhara
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Immunology, Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (E.E.S.); (N.O.E.); (A.P.d.S.)
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30
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Wamhoff EC, Ronsard L, Feldman J, Knappe GA, Hauser BM, Romanov A, Case JB, Sanapala S, Lam EC, Denis KJS, Boucau J, Barczak AK, Balazs AB, Diamond MS, Schmidt AG, Lingwood D, Bathe M. Enhancing antibody responses by multivalent antigen display on thymus-independent DNA origami scaffolds. Nat Commun 2024; 15:795. [PMID: 38291019 PMCID: PMC10828404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-based virus-like particles (P-VLPs) are commonly used to spatially organize antigens and enhance humoral immunity through multivalent antigen display. However, P-VLPs are thymus-dependent antigens that are themselves immunogenic and can induce B cell responses that may neutralize the platform. Here, we investigate thymus-independent DNA origami as an alternative material for multivalent antigen display using the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the primary target of neutralizing antibody responses. Sequential immunization of mice with DNA-based VLPs (DNA-VLPs) elicits protective neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in a manner that depends on the valency of the antigen displayed and on T cell help. Importantly, the immune sera do not contain boosted, class-switched antibodies against the DNA scaffold, in contrast to P-VLPs that elicit strong B cell memory against both the target antigen and the scaffold. Thus, DNA-VLPs enhance target antigen immunogenicity without generating scaffold-directed immunity and thereby offer an important alternative material for particulate vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike-Christian Wamhoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Larance Ronsard
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jared Feldman
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Grant A Knappe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Blake M Hauser
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Anna Romanov
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - James Brett Case
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shilpa Sanapala
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Evan C Lam
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kerri J St Denis
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Julie Boucau
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Amy K Barczak
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alejandro B Balazs
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Aaron G Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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31
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Musunuri S, Weidenbacher PAB, Kim PS. Bringing immunofocusing into focus. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:11. [PMID: 38195562 PMCID: PMC10776678 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00792-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunofocusing is a strategy to create immunogens that redirect humoral immune responses towards a targeted epitope and away from non-desirable epitopes. Immunofocusing methods often aim to develop "universal" vaccines that provide broad protection against highly variant viruses such as influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), and most recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). We use existing examples to illustrate five main immunofocusing strategies-cross-strain boosting, mosaic display, protein dissection, epitope scaffolding, and epitope masking. We also discuss obstacles for immunofocusing like immune imprinting. A thorough understanding, advancement, and application of the methods we outline here will enable the design of high-resolution vaccines that protect against future viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriharshita Musunuri
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Payton A B Weidenbacher
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Peter S Kim
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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32
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Sankhala RS, Lal KG, Jensen JL, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Bai H, Wieczorek L, Mayer SV, Zemil M, Wagner DA, Townsley SM, Hajduczki A, Chang WC, Chen WH, Donofrio GC, Jian N, King HAD, Lorang CG, Martinez EJ, Rees PA, Peterson CE, Schmidt F, Hart TJ, Duso DK, Kummer LW, Casey SP, Williams JK, Kannan S, Slike BM, Smith L, Swafford I, Thomas PV, Tran U, Currier JR, Bolton DL, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Hatziioannou T, Bieniasz PD, Paquin-Proulx D, Reiley WW, Rolland M, Sullivan NJ, Vasan S, Collins ND, Modjarrad K, Gromowski GD, Polonis VR, Michael NL, Krebs SJ, Joyce MG. Diverse array of neutralizing antibodies elicited upon Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle vaccination in rhesus macaques. Nat Commun 2024; 15:200. [PMID: 38172512 PMCID: PMC10764318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The repeat emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) with decreased susceptibility to vaccine-elicited antibodies highlights the need to develop next-generation vaccine candidates that confer broad protection. Here we describe the antibody response induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle (SpFN) vaccine candidate adjuvanted with the Army Liposomal Formulation including QS21 (ALFQ) in non-human primates. By isolating and characterizing several monoclonal antibodies directed against the Spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), N-Terminal Domain (NTD), or the S2 Domain, we define the molecular recognition of vaccine-elicited cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) elicited by SpFN. We identify six neutralizing antibodies with broad sarbecovirus cross-reactivity that recapitulate serum polyclonal antibody responses. In particular, RBD mAb WRAIR-5001 binds to the conserved cryptic region with high affinity to sarbecovirus clades 1 and 2, including Omicron variants, while mAb WRAIR-5021 offers complete protection from B.1.617.2 (Delta) in a murine challenge study. Our data further highlight the ability of SpFN vaccination to stimulate cross-reactive B cells targeting conserved regions of the Spike with activity against SARS CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer S Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kerri G Lal
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jaime L Jensen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hongjun Bai
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sandra V Mayer
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Danielle A Wagner
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha M Townsley
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William C Chang
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gina C Donofrio
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hannah A D King
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia G Lorang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Martinez
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Phyllis A Rees
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline E Peterson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabian Schmidt
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Smith
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Isabella Swafford
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Paul V Thomas
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Diane L Bolton
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Morgane Rolland
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Natalie D Collins
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Victoria R Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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33
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Huang S, Li Y, Zhang S, Chen Y, Su W, Sanchez DJ, Mai JDH, Zhi X, Chen H, Ding X. A self-assembled graphene oxide adjuvant induces both enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses in influenza vaccine. J Control Release 2024; 365:716-728. [PMID: 38036004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Antiviral vaccine is essential for preventing and controlling virus spreading, along with declining morbidity and mortality. A major challenge in effective vaccination lies in the ability to enhance both the humoral and cellular immune responses by adjuvants. Herein, self-assembled nanoparticles based on graphene oxide quantum dots with components of carnosine, resiquimod and Zn2+ ions, namely ZnGC-R, are designed as a new adjuvant for influenza vaccine. With its high capability for antigen-loading, ZnGC-R enhances antigen utilization, improves DC recruitment, and activates antigen-presenting cells. Single cell analysis of lymphocytes after intramuscular vaccination revealed that ZnGC-R generated multifaceted immune responses. ZnGC-R stimulated robust CD4+CCR7loPD-1hi Tfh and durable CD8+CD44hiCD62L- TEM immune responses, and simultaneously promoted the proliferation of CD26+ germinal center B cells. Besides, ZnGC-R elicited 2.53-fold higher hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody than commercial-licensed aluminum salt adjuvant. ZnGC-R based vaccine induced 342% stronger IgG antibody responses compared with vaccines with inactivated virus alone, leading to 100% in vivo protection efficacy against the H1N1 influenza virus challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Wenling First People's Hospital, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province 317500, China; Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Youming Chen
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenqiong Su
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - David J Sanchez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona 91766, CA, USA
| | - John D H Mai
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Zhi
- Shanghai Institute of Virology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Xianting Ding
- Department of Pathology, Wenling First People's Hospital, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province 317500, China; Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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34
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Wu NC, Ellebedy AH. Targeting neuraminidase: the next frontier for broadly protective influenza vaccines. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:11-19. [PMID: 38103991 PMCID: PMC10841738 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Current seasonal influenza vaccines, which mainly target hemagglutinin (HA), require annual updates due to the continuous antigenic drift of the influenza virus. Developing an influenza vaccine with increased breadth of protection will have significant public health benefits. The recent discovery of broadly protective antibodies to neuraminidase (NA) has provided important insights into developing a universal influenza vaccine, either by improving seasonal influenza vaccines or designing novel immunogens. However, further in-depth molecular characterizations of NA antibody responses are warranted to fully leverage broadly protective NA antibodies for influenza vaccine designs. Overall, we posit that focusing on NA for influenza vaccine development is synergistic with existing efforts targeting HA, and may represent a cost-effective approach to generating a broadly protective influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Ali H Ellebedy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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35
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Liu S, Hu M, Liu X, Liu X, Chen T, Zhu Y, Liang T, Xiao S, Li P, Ma X. Nanoparticles and Antiviral Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 38250843 PMCID: PMC10819235 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses have threatened human lives for decades, causing both chronic and acute infections accompanied by mild to severe symptoms. During the long journey of confrontation, humans have developed intricate immune systems to combat viral infections. In parallel, vaccines are invented and administrated to induce strong protective immunity while generating few adverse effects. With advancements in biochemistry and biophysics, different kinds of vaccines in versatile forms have been utilized to prevent virus infections, although the safety and effectiveness of these vaccines are diverse from each other. In this review, we first listed and described major pathogenic viruses and their pandemics that emerged in the past two centuries. Furthermore, we summarized the distinctive characteristics of different antiviral vaccines and adjuvants. Subsequently, in the main body, we reviewed recent advances of nanoparticles in the development of next-generation vaccines against influenza viruses, coronaviruses, HIV, hepatitis viruses, and many others. Specifically, we described applications of self-assembling protein polymers, virus-like particles, nano-carriers, and nano-adjuvants in antiviral vaccines. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of nanoparticles in developing safe and effective mucosal vaccines. Nanoparticle techniques could be promising platforms for developing broad-spectrum, preventive, or therapeutic antiviral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
| | - Taizhen Liang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Shiqi Xiao
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
| | - Peiwen Li
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
| | - Xiancai Ma
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou 510005, China; (S.L.); (M.H.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (T.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (S.X.); (P.L.)
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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36
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Ellis D, Dosey A, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Park YJ, Gillespie R, Syeda H, Hutchinson GB, Tsybovsky Y, Murphy M, Pettie D, Matheson N, Chan S, Ueda G, Fallas JA, Carter L, Graham BS, Veesler D, Kanekiyo M, King NP. Antigen spacing on protein nanoparticles influences antibody responses to vaccination. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113552. [PMID: 38096058 PMCID: PMC10801709 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogen design approaches aim to control the specificity and quality of antibody responses elicited by next-generation vaccines. Here, we use computational protein design to generate a nanoparticle vaccine platform based on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) that enables precise control of antigen conformation and spacing. HA RBDs are presented as either monomers or native-like closed trimers that are connected to the underlying nanoparticle by a rigid linker that is modularly extended to precisely control antigen spacing. Nanoparticle immunogens with decreased spacing between trimeric RBDs elicit antibodies with improved hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization potency as well as binding breadth across diverse H1 HAs. Our "trihead" nanoparticle immunogen platform provides insights into anti-HA immunity, establishes antigen spacing as an important parameter in structure-based vaccine design, and embodies several design features that could be used in next-generation vaccines against influenza and other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ellis
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Annie Dosey
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rebecca Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hubza Syeda
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Geoffrey B Hutchinson
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Vaccine Research Center Electron Microscopy Unit, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nick Matheson
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sidney Chan
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - George Ueda
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jorge A Fallas
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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37
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Dosey A, Ellis D, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Syeda H, Saunders M, Watson MJ, Kraft JC, Pham MN, Guttman M, Lee KK, Kanekiyo M, King NP. Combinatorial immune refocusing within the influenza hemagglutinin RBD improves cross-neutralizing antibody responses. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113553. [PMID: 38096052 PMCID: PMC10801708 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) elicits potently neutralizing yet mostly strain-specific antibodies. Here, we evaluate the ability of several immunofocusing techniques to enhance the functional breadth of vaccine-elicited immune responses against the HA RBD. We present a series of "trihead" nanoparticle immunogens that display native-like closed trimeric RBDs from the HAs of several H1N1 influenza viruses. The series includes hyperglycosylated and hypervariable variants that incorporate natural and designed sequence diversity at key positions in the receptor-binding site periphery. Nanoparticle immunogens displaying triheads or hyperglycosylated triheads elicit higher hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and neutralizing activity than the corresponding immunogens lacking either trimer-stabilizing mutations or hyperglycosylation. By contrast, mosaic nanoparticle display and antigen hypervariation do not significantly alter the magnitude or breadth of vaccine-elicited antibodies. Our results yield important insights into antibody responses against the RBD and the ability of several structure-based immunofocusing techniques to influence vaccine-elicited antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Dosey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hubza Syeda
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mason Saunders
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael J Watson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - John C Kraft
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Minh N Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kelly K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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38
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Zang T, Osei Kuffour E, Baharani VA, Canis M, Schmidt F, Da Silva J, Lercher A, Chaudhary P, Hoffmann HH, Gazumyan A, Miranda IC, MacDonald MR, Rice CM, Nussenzweig MC, Hatziioannou T, Bieniasz PD. Heteromultimeric sarbecovirus receptor binding domain immunogens primarily generate variant-specific neutralizing antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2317367120. [PMID: 38096415 PMCID: PMC10740387 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317367120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination will likely be a key component of strategies to curtail or prevent future sarbecovirus pandemics and to reduce the prevalence of infection and disease by future SARS-CoV-2 variants. A "pan-sarbecovirus" vaccine, that provides maximum possible mitigation of human disease, should elicit neutralizing antibodies with maximum possible breadth. By positioning multiple different receptor binding domain (RBD) antigens in close proximity on a single immunogen, it is postulated that cross-reactive B cell receptors might be selectively engaged. Heteromultimeric vaccines could therefore elicit individual antibodies that neutralize a broad range of viral species. Here, we use model systems to investigate the ability of multimeric sarbecovirus RBD immunogens to expand cross-reactive B cells and elicit broadly reactive antibodies. Homomultimeric RBD immunogens generated higher serum neutralizing antibody titers than the equivalent monomeric immunogens, while heteromultimeric RBD immunogens generated neutralizing antibodies recognizing each RBD component. Moreover, RBD heterodimers elicited a greater fraction of cross-reactive germinal center B cells and cross-reactive RBD binding antibodies than did homodimers. However, when serum antibodies from RBD heterodimer-immunized mice were depleted using one RBD component, neutralization activity against the homologous viral pseudotype was removed, but neutralization activity against pseudotypes corresponding to the other RBD component was unaffected. Overall, simply combining divergent RBDs in a single immunogen generates largely separate sets of individual RBD-specific neutralizing serum antibodies that are mostly incapable of neutralizing viruses that diverge from the immunogen components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinity Zang
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | | | - Viren A. Baharani
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Marie Canis
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Fabian Schmidt
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Justin Da Silva
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Alexander Lercher
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Pooja Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Anna Gazumyan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Ileana C. Miranda
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Margaret R. MacDonald
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | - Michel C. Nussenzweig
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
| | | | - Paul D. Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY10065
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39
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Han AX, de Jong SPJ, Russell CA. Co-evolution of immunity and seasonal influenza viruses. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:805-817. [PMID: 37532870 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza viruses cause recurring global epidemics by continually evolving to escape host immunity. The viral constraints and host immune responses that limit and drive the evolution of these viruses are increasingly well understood. However, it remains unclear how most of these advances improve the capacity to reduce the impact of seasonal influenza viruses on human health. In this Review, we synthesize recent progress made in understanding the interplay between the evolution of immunity induced by previous infections or vaccination and the evolution of seasonal influenza viruses driven by the heterogeneous accumulation of antibody-mediated immunity in humans. We discuss the functional constraints that limit the evolution of the viruses, the within-host evolutionary processes that drive the emergence of new virus variants, as well as current and prospective options for influenza virus control, including the viral and immunological barriers that must be overcome to improve the effectiveness of vaccines and antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin X Han
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P J de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin A Russell
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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40
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Barbey C, Su J, Billmeier M, Stefan N, Bester R, Carnell G, Temperton N, Heeney J, Protzer U, Breunig M, Wagner R, Peterhoff D. Immunogenicity of a silica nanoparticle-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in mice. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:41-55. [PMID: 37774890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Safe and effective vaccines have been regarded early on as critical in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the deployed vaccine platforms, subunit vaccines have a particularly good safety profile but may suffer from a lower immunogenicity compared to mRNA based or viral vector vaccines. In fact, this phenomenon has also been observed for SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines comprising the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein. Therefore, RBD-based vaccines have to rely on additional measures to enhance the immune response. It is well accepted that displaying antigens on nanoparticles can improve the quantity and quality of vaccine-mediated both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Based on this, we hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 RBD as immunogen would benefit from being presented to the immune system via silica nanoparticles (SiNPs). Herein we describe the preparation, in vitro characterization, antigenicity and in vivo immunogenicity of SiNPs decorated with properly oriented RBD in mice. We found our RBD-SiNP conjugates show narrow, homogeneous particle distribution with optimal size of about 100 nm for efficient transport to and into the lymph node. The colloidal stability and binding of the antigen was stable for at least 4 months at storage- and in vivo-temperatures. The antigenicity of the RBD was maintained upon binding to the SiNP surface, and the receptor-binding motif was readily accessible due to the spatial orientation of the RBD. The particles were efficiently taken up in vitro by antigen-presenting cells. In a mouse immunization study using an mRNA vaccine and spike protein as benchmarks, we found that the SiNP formulation was able to elicit a stronger RBD-specific humoral response compared to the soluble protein. For the adjuvanted RBD-SiNP we found strong S-specific multifunctional CD4+ T cell responses, a balanced T helper response, improved auto- and heterologous virus neutralization capacity, and increased serum avidity, suggesting increased affinity maturation. In summary, our results provide further evidence for the possibility of optimizing the cellular and humoral immune response through antigen presentation on SiNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Barbey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jinpeng Su
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich / Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Billmeier
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Stefan
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Romina Bester
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich / Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - George Carnell
- Lab of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Temperton
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, The Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway, Chatham ME4 4BF, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Heeney
- Lab of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich / Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Peterhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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41
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Huang CQ, Vishwanath S, Carnell GW, Chan ACY, Heeney JL. Immune imprinting and next-generation coronavirus vaccines. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1971-1985. [PMID: 37932355 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill over between animals and humans. Despite repeated booster immunizations, population-wide declines in the neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have occurred. This has been compared to seasonal influenza vaccinations in humans, where the breadth of immune responses induced by repeat exposures to antigenically distinct influenza viruses is confounded by pre-existing immunity-a mechanism known as imprinting. Since its emergence, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved in a population with partial immunity, acquired by infection, vaccination or both. Here we critically examine the evidence for and against immune imprinting in host humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 and its implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccine programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Qingzhou Huang
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sneha Vishwanath
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George William Carnell
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Chun Yue Chan
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Luke Heeney
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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42
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Kanekiyo M, Gillespie RA, Midgett M, O’Malley KJ, Williams C, Moin SM, Wallace M, Treaster L, Cooper K, Syeda H, Kettenburg G, Rannulu H, Schmer T, Ortiz L, Da Silva Castanha P, Corry J, Xia M, Olsen E, Perez D, Yun G, Graham BS, Barratt-Boyes SM, Reed DS. Refined semi-lethal aerosol H5N1 influenza model in cynomolgus macaques for evaluation of medical countermeasures. iScience 2023; 26:107830. [PMID: 37766976 PMCID: PMC10520834 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 viruses cause high mortality in humans and have pandemic potential. Effective vaccines and treatments against this threat are urgently needed. Here, we have refined our previously established model of lethal H5N1 infection in cynomolgus macaques. An inhaled aerosol virus dose of 5.1 log10 plaque-forming unit (pfu) induced a strong febrile response and acute respiratory disease, with four out of six macaques succumbing after challenge. Vaccination with three doses of adjuvanted seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine elicited low but detectable neutralizing antibody to H5N1. All six vaccinated macaques survived four times the 50% lethal dose of aerosolized H5N1, while four of six unvaccinated controls succumbed to disease. Although vaccination did not protect against severe influenza, vaccinees had reduced respiratory dysfunction and lower viral load in airways compared to controls. We anticipate that our macaque model will play a vital role in evaluating vaccines and antivirals against influenza pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kanekiyo
- Molecular Engineering Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Gillespie
- Molecular Engineering Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Morgan Midgett
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Connor Williams
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Syed M. Moin
- Molecular Engineering Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Megan Wallace
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Luke Treaster
- Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristine Cooper
- Biostatistics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hubza Syeda
- Molecular Engineering Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gwenddolen Kettenburg
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hasala Rannulu
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tabitha Schmer
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lucia Ortiz
- Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline Corry
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mengying Xia
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily Olsen
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Perez
- Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Gabin Yun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Molecular Engineering Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Simon M. Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Douglas S. Reed
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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43
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Khmelinskaia A, Bethel NP, Fatehi F, Antanasijevic A, Borst AJ, Lai SH, Wang JYJ, Mallik BB, Miranda MC, Watkins AM, Ogohara C, Caldwell S, Wu M, Heck AJR, Veesler D, Ward AB, Baker D, Twarock R, King NP. Local structural flexibility drives oligomorphism in computationally designed protein assemblies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562842. [PMID: 37905007 PMCID: PMC10614843 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Many naturally occurring protein assemblies have dynamic structures that allow them to perform specialized functions. For example, clathrin coats adopt a wide variety of architectures to adapt to vesicular cargos of various sizes. Although computational methods for designing novel self-assembling proteins have advanced substantially over the past decade, most existing methods focus on designing static structures with high accuracy. Here we characterize the structures of three distinct computationally designed protein assemblies that each form multiple unanticipated architectures, and identify flexibility in specific regions of the subunits of each assembly as the source of structural diversity. Cryo-EM single-particle reconstructions and native mass spectrometry showed that only two distinct architectures were observed in two of the three cases, while we obtained six cryo-EM reconstructions that likely represent a subset of the architectures present in solution in the third case. Structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the surprising observation of a defined range of architectures, instead of non-specific aggregation, can be explained by constrained flexibility within the building blocks. Our results suggest that deliberate use of structural flexibility as a design principle will allow exploration of previously inaccessible structural and functional space in designed protein assemblies.
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44
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Ols S, Lenart K, Arcoverde Cerveira R, Miranda MC, Brunette N, Kochmann J, Corcoran M, Skotheim R, Philomin A, Cagigi A, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Marcandalli J, Hellgren F, Thompson EA, Lin A, Gegenfurtner F, Kumar A, Chen M, Phad GE, Graham BS, Perez L, Borst AJ, Karlsson Hedestam GB, Ruckwardt TJ, King NP, Loré K. Multivalent antigen display on nanoparticle immunogens increases B cell clonotype diversity and neutralization breadth to pneumoviruses. Immunity 2023; 56:2425-2441.e14. [PMID: 37689061 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles for multivalent display and delivery of vaccine antigens have emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing B cell responses to protein subunit vaccines. Here, we evaluated B cell responses in rhesus macaques immunized with prefusion-stabilized respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F glycoprotein trimer compared with nanoparticles displaying 10 or 20 copies of the same antigen. We show that multivalent display skews antibody specificities and drives epitope-focusing of responding B cells. Antibody cloning and repertoire sequencing revealed that focusing was driven by the expansion of clonally distinct B cells through recruitment of diverse precursors. We identified two antibody lineages that developed either ultrapotent neutralization or pneumovirus cross-neutralization from precursor B cells with low initial affinity for the RSV-F immunogen. This suggests that increased avidity by multivalent display facilitates the activation and recruitment of these cells. Diversification of the B cell response by multivalent nanoparticle immunogens has broad implications for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ols
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klara Lenart
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Arcoverde Cerveira
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcos C Miranda
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Brunette
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jana Kochmann
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Corcoran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Skotheim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Annika Philomin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alberto Cagigi
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica Marcandalli
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Fredrika Hellgren
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Thompson
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ang Lin
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Gegenfurtner
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azad Kumar
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Man Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ganesh E Phad
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Università della Svizzera italiana, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laurent Perez
- University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, and Center for Human Immunology (CHIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Borst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Tracy J Ruckwardt
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karin Loré
- Division of Immunology & Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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45
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Meador K, Castells-Graells R, Aguirre R, Sawaya MR, Arbing MA, Sherman T, Senarathne C, Yeates TO. A Suite of Designed Protein Cages Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Protein Fragment-Based Protocols. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561468. [PMID: 37873110 PMCID: PMC10592684 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Designed protein cages and related materials provide unique opportunities for applications in biotechnology and medicine, while methods for their creation remain challenging and unpredictable. In the present study, we apply new computational approaches to design a suite of new tetrahedrally symmetric, self-assembling protein cages. For the generation of docked poses, we emphasize a protein fragment-based approach, while for de novo interface design, a comparison of computational protocols highlights the power and increased experimental success achieved using the machine learning program ProteinMPNN. In relating information from docking and design, we observe that agreement between fragment-based sequence preferences and ProteinMPNN sequence inference correlates with experimental success. Additional insights for designing polar interactions are highlighted by experimentally testing larger and more polar interfaces. In all, using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM, we report five structures for seven protein cages, with atomic resolution in the best case reaching 2.0 Å. We also report structures of two incompletely assembled protein cages, providing unique insights into one type of assembly failure. The new set of designed cages and their structures add substantially to the body of available protein nanoparticles, and to methodologies for their creation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Meador
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | | | - Roman Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | - Michael R. Sawaya
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | - Mark A. Arbing
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | - Trent Sherman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | - Chethaka Senarathne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
| | - Todd O. Yeates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90095
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46
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Hutchinson GB, Abiona OM, Ziwawo CT, Werner AP, Ellis D, Tsybovsky Y, Leist SR, Palandjian C, West A, Fritch EJ, Wang N, Wrapp D, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Ueda G, Baker D, Kanekiyo M, McLellan JS, Baric RS, King NP, Graham BS, Corbett-Helaire KS. Nanoparticle display of prefusion coronavirus spike elicits S1-focused cross-reactive antibody response against diverse coronavirus subgenera. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6195. [PMID: 37794071 PMCID: PMC10551005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivalent antigen display is a fast-growing area of interest toward broadly protective vaccines. Current nanoparticle-based vaccine candidates demonstrate the ability to confer antibody-mediated immunity against divergent strains of notably mutable viruses. In coronaviruses, this work is predominantly aimed at targeting conserved epitopes of the receptor binding domain. However, targeting conserved non-RBD epitopes could limit the potential for antigenic escape. To explore new potential targets, we engineered protein nanoparticles displaying coronavirus prefusion-stabilized spike (CoV_S-2P) trimers derived from MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, hCoV-HKU1, and hCoV-OC43 and assessed their immunogenicity in female mice. Monotypic SARS-1 nanoparticles elicit cross-neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV and protect against MERS-CoV challenge. MERS and SARS nanoparticles elicit S1-focused antibodies, revealing a conserved site on the S N-terminal domain. Moreover, mosaic nanoparticles co-displaying distinct CoV_S-2P trimers elicit antibody responses to distant cross-group antigens and protect male and female mice against MERS-CoV challenge. Our findings will inform further efforts toward the development of pan-coronavirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey B Hutchinson
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olubukola M Abiona
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cynthia T Ziwawo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne P Werner
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Ellis
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Vaccine Research Center Electron Microscopy Unit, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sarah R Leist
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charis Palandjian
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ande West
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ethan J Fritch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nianshuang Wang
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Daniel Wrapp
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George Ueda
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Baker
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason S McLellan
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kizzmekia S Corbett-Helaire
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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47
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Ramirez A, Felgner J, Jain A, Jan S, Albin TJ, Badten AJ, Gregory AE, Nakajima R, Jasinskas A, Felgner PL, Burkhardt AM, Davies DH, Wang SW. Engineering Protein Nanoparticles Functionalized with an Immunodominant Coxiella burnetii Antigen to Generate a Q Fever Vaccine. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1653-1666. [PMID: 37682243 PMCID: PMC10515490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever, for which there is yet to be an FDA-approved vaccine. This bacterial pathogen has both extra- and intracellular stages in its life cycle, and therefore both a cell-mediated (i.e., T lymphocyte) and humoral (i.e., antibody) immune response are necessary for effective eradication of this pathogen. However, most proposed vaccines elicit strong responses to only one mechanism of adaptive immunity, and some can either cause reactogenicity or lack sufficient immunogenicity. In this work, we aim to apply a nanoparticle-based platform toward producing both antibody and T cell immune responses against C. burnetii. We investigated three approaches for conjugation of the immunodominant outer membrane protein antigen (CBU1910) to the E2 nanoparticle to obtain a consistent antigen orientation: direct genetic fusion, high affinity tris-NTA-Ni conjugation to polyhistidine-tagged CBU1910, and the SpyTag/SpyCatcher (ST/SC) system. Overall, we found that the ST/SC approach yielded nanoparticles loaded with the highest number of antigens while maintaining stability, enabling formulations that could simultaneously co-deliver the protein antigen (CBU1910) and adjuvant (CpG1826) on one nanoparticle (CBU1910-CpG-E2). Using protein microarray analyses, we found that after immunization, antigen-bound nanoparticle formulations elicited significantly higher antigen-specific IgG responses than soluble CBU1910 alone and produced more balanced IgG1/IgG2c ratios. Although T cell recall assays from these protein antigen formulations did not show significant increases in antigen-specific IFN-γ production compared to soluble CBU1910 alone, nanoparticles conjugated with a CD4 peptide epitope from CBU1910 generated elevated T cell responses in mice to both the CBU1910 peptide epitope and whole CBU1910 protein. These investigations highlight the feasibility of conjugating antigens to nanoparticles for tuning and improving both humoral- and cell-mediated adaptive immunity against C. burnetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Ramirez
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jiin Felgner
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Aarti Jain
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Sharon Jan
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Tyler J. Albin
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Alexander J. Badten
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Anthony E. Gregory
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Algimantas Jasinskas
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Amanda M. Burkhardt
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - D. Huw Davies
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Szu-Wen Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vaccine Research and Development
Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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48
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Liu X, Zhao T, Wang L, Yang Z, Luo C, Li M, Luo H, Sun C, Yan H, Shu Y. A mosaic influenza virus-like particles vaccine provides broad humoral and cellular immune responses against influenza A viruses. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 37679361 PMCID: PMC10485063 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a universal influenza vaccine to elicit broad immune responses is essential in reducing disease burden and pandemic impact. In this study, the mosaic vaccine design strategy and genetic algorithms were utilized to optimize the seasonal influenza A virus (H1N1, H3N2) hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) antigens, which also contain most potential T-cell epitopes. These mosaic immunogens were then expressed as virus-like particles (VLPs) using the baculovirus expression system. The immunogenicity and protection effectiveness of the mosaic VLPs were compared to the commercial quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV) in the mice model. Strong cross-reactive antibody responses were observed in mice following two doses of vaccination with the mosaic VLPs, with HI titers higher than 40 in 15 of 16 tested strains as opposed to limited cross HI antibody levels with QIV vaccination. After a single vaccination, mice also show a stronger level of cross-reactive antibody responses than the QIV. The QIV vaccinations only elicited NI antibodies to a small number of vaccine strains, and not even strong NI antibodies to its corresponding vaccine components. In contrast, the mosaic VLPs caused robust NI antibodies to all tested seasonal influenza virus vaccine strains. Here, we demonstrated the mosaic vaccines induces stronger cross-reactive antibodies and robust more T-cell responses compared to the QIV. The mosaic VLPs also provided protection against challenges with ancestral influenza A viruses of both H1 and H3 subtypes. These findings indicated that the mosaic VLPs were a promising strategy for developing a broad influenza vaccine in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyi Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuolin Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuming Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minchao Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanle Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Huacheng Yan
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Southern Military Theatre, 510610, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuelong Shu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
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49
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Zhang X, Wu S, Liu J, Chen R, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Xi Z, Deng J, Pu Z, Liang C, Feng J, Li R, Lin K, Zhou M, Liu Y, Zhang X, Liu B, Zhang Y, He X, Zhang H. A Mosaic Nanoparticle Vaccine Elicits Potent Mucosal Immune Response with Significant Cross-Protection Activity against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Sublineages. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301034. [PMID: 37526323 PMCID: PMC10520630 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of the rapid mutation and high airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, a universal vaccine preventing the infection in the upper respiratory tract is particularly urgent. Here, a mosaic receptor-binding domain (RBD) nanoparticle (NP) vaccine is developed, which induces more RBD-targeted type IV neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and exhibits broad cross-protective activity against multiple SARS-CoV-2 sublineages including the newly-emerged BF.7, BQ.1, XBB. As several T-cell-reactive epitopes, which are highly conserved in sarbecoviruses, are displayed on the NP surface, it also provokes potent and cross-reactive cellular immune responses in the respiratory tissue. Through intranasal delivery, it elicits robust mucosal immune responses and full protection without any adjuvants. Therefore, this intranasal mosaic NP vaccine can be further developed as a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine to block the viral entrance from the upper respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiantao Zhang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Shijian Wu
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ran Chen
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yingtong Lin
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Zhihui Xi
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jieyi Deng
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Zeyu Pu
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Chaofeng Liang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jinzhu Feng
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Rong Li
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Keming Lin
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Mo Zhou
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Bingfeng Liu
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xin He
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Human VirologyDepartment of Pathogen Biology and BiosecurityKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of EducationZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Guangzhou National LaboratoryBio‐IslandGuangzhou510320China
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50
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Sircy LM, Ramstead AG, Joshi H, Baessler A, Mena I, García-Sastre A, Williams MA, Scott Hale J. Generation of antigen-specific memory CD4 T cells by heterologous immunization enhances the magnitude of the germinal center response upon influenza infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.29.555253. [PMID: 37693425 PMCID: PMC10491174 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.29.555253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Current influenza vaccine strategies have yet to overcome significant obstacles, including rapid antigenic drift of seasonal influenza viruses, in generating efficacious long-term humoral immunity. Due to the necessity of germinal center formation in generating long-lived high affinity antibodies, the germinal center has increasingly become a target for the development of novel or improvement of less-efficacious vaccines. However, there remains a major gap in current influenza research to effectively target T follicular helper cells during vaccination to alter the germinal center reaction. In this study, we used a heterologous infection or immunization priming strategy to seed an antigen-specific memory CD4+ T cell pool prior to influenza infection in mice to evaluate the effect of recalled memory T follicular helper cells in increased help to influenza-specific primary B cells and enhanced generation of neutralizing antibodies. We found that heterologous priming with intranasal infection with acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or intramuscular immunization with adjuvanted recombinant LCMV glycoprotein induced increased antigen-specific effector CD4+ T and B cellular responses following infection with a recombinant influenza strain that expresses LCMV glycoprotein. Heterologously primed mice had increased expansion of secondary Th1 and Tfh cell subsets, including increased CD4+ TRM cells in the lung. However, the early enhancement of the germinal center cellular response following influenza infection did not impact influenza-specific antibody generation or B cell repertoires compared to primary influenza infection. Overall, our study suggests that while heterologous infection/immunization priming of CD4+ T cells is able to enhance the early germinal center reaction, further studies to understand how to target the germinal center and CD4+ T cells specifically to increase long-lived antiviral humoral immunity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M. Sircy
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Andrew G. Ramstead
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Hemant Joshi
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Andrew Baessler
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ignacio Mena
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - J. Scott Hale
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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