1
|
Xiong X, Gao C, Meng X, Liu A, Gong X, Sun Y. Research progress in stem cell therapy for Wilson disease. Regen Ther 2024; 27:73-82. [PMID: 38525238 PMCID: PMC10959646 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD), also known as hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by disorganized copper metabolism caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. Currently, the main treatment options for WD involve medications such as d-penicillamine, trientine hydrochloride, zinc acetate, and liver transplantation. However, there are challenges that encompass issues of poor compliance, adverse effects, and limited availability of liver sources that persist. Stem cell therapy for WD is currently a promising area of research. Due to the advancement in stem cell directed differentiation technology in vitro and the availability of sufficient stem cell donors, it is expected to be a potential treatment option for the permanent correction of abnormal copper metabolism. This article discusses the research progress of stem cell therapy for WD from various sources, as well as the challenges and future prospects of the clinical application of stem cell therapy for WD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianlang Xiong
- Hospital of Hunan Guangxiu, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Ce Gao
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Hospital of Hunan Guangxiu, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Aihui Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hospital of Hunan Guangxiu, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410205, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martin KE, Hammer Q, Perica K, Sadelain M, Malmberg KJ. Engineering immune-evasive allogeneic cellular immunotherapies. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:680-693. [PMID: 38658708 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Allogeneic cellular immunotherapies hold a great promise for cancer treatment owing to their potential cost-effectiveness, scalability and on-demand availability. However, immune rejection of adoptively transferred allogeneic T and natural killer (NK) cells is a substantial obstacle to achieving clinical responses that are comparable to responses obtained with current autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies. In this Perspective, we discuss strategies to confer cell-intrinsic, immune-evasive properties to allogeneic T cells and NK cells in order to prevent or delay their immune rejection, thereby widening the therapeutic window. We discuss how common viral and cancer immune escape mechanisms can serve as a blueprint for improving the persistence of off-the-shelf allogeneic cell therapies. The prospects of harnessing genome editing and synthetic biology to design cell-based precision immunotherapies extend beyond programming target specificities and require careful consideration of innate and adaptive responses in the recipient that may curtail the biodistribution, in vivo expansion and persistence of cellular therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Martin
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Quirin Hammer
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karlo Perica
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Cell Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michel Sadelain
- Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, The University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bellotti C, Samudyata S, Thams S, Sellgren CM, Rostami E. Organoids and chimeras: the hopeful fusion transforming traumatic brain injury research. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:141. [PMID: 39215375 PMCID: PMC11363608 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Research in the field of traumatic brain injury has until now heavily relied on the use of animal models to identify potential therapeutic approaches. However, a long series of failed clinical trials has brought many scientists to question the translational reliability of pre-clinical results obtained in animals. The search for an alternative to conventional models that better replicate human pathology in traumatic brain injury is thus of the utmost importance for the field. Recently, orthotopic xenotransplantation of human brain organoids into living animal models has been achieved. This review summarizes the existing literature on this new method, focusing on its potential applications in preclinical research, both in the context of cell replacement therapy and disease modelling. Given the obvious advantages of this approach to study human pathologies in an in vivo context, we here critically review its current limitations while considering its possible applications in traumatic brain injury research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bellotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samudyata Samudyata
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Thams
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl M Sellgren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm Health Care Services, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elham Rostami
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maestas MM, Bui MH, Millman JR. Recent progress in modeling and treating diabetes using stem cell-derived islets. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae059. [PMID: 39159002 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) offer the potential to be an unlimited source of cells for disease modeling and the treatment of diabetes. SC-islets can be genetically modified, treated with chemical compounds, or differentiated from patient derived stem cells to model diabetes. These models provide insights into disease pathogenesis and vulnerabilities that may be targeted to provide treatment. SC-islets themselves are also being investigated as a cell therapy for diabetes. However, the transplantation process is imperfect; side effects from immunosuppressant use have reduced SC-islet therapeutic potential. Alternative methods to this include encapsulation, use of immunomodulating molecules, and genetic modification of SC-islets. This review covers recent advances using SC-islets to understand different diabetes pathologies and as a cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlie M Maestas
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Maggie H Bui
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sakano Y, Sakano K, Hurrell BP, Shafiei-Jahani P, Kazemi MH, Li X, Shen S, Barbers R, Akbari O. SIRPα engagement regulates ILC2 effector function and alleviates airway hyperreactivity via modulating energy metabolism. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01208-z. [PMID: 39160226 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are part of a growing family of innate lymphocytes known for their crucial role in both the development and exacerbation of allergic asthma. The activation and function of ILC2s are regulated by various activating and inhibitory molecules, with their balance determining the severity of allergic responses. In this study, we aim to elucidate the critical role of the suppressor molecule signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), which interacts with CD47, in controlling ILC2-mediated airway hyperreactivity (AHR). Our data indicate that activated ILC2s upregulate the expression of SIRPα, and the interaction between SIRPα and CD47 effectively suppresses both ILC2 proliferation and effector function. To evaluate the function of SIRPα in ILC2-mediated AHR, we combined multiple approaches including genetically modified mouse models and adoptive transfer experiments in murine models of allergen-induced AHR. Our findings suggest that the absence of SIRPα leads to the overactivation of ILC2s. Conversely, engagement of SIRPα with CD47 reduces ILC2 cytokine production and effectively regulates ILC2-dependent AHR. Furthermore, the SIRPα-CD47 axis modulates mitochondrial metabolism through the JAK/STAT and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways, thereby regulating NF-κB activity and the production of type 2 cytokines. Additionally, our studies have revealed that SIRPα is inducible and expressed on human ILC2s, and administration of human CD47-Fc effectively suppresses the effector function and cytokine production. Moreover, administering human CD47-Fc to humanized ILC2 mice effectively alleviates AHR and lung inflammation. These findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of targeting the SIRPα-CD47 axis in the treatment of ILC2-dependent allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sakano
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kei Sakano
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin P Hurrell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Hossein Kazemi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Shen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard Barbers
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Teo PY, Jung Y, Quach DH, Koh J, Ong RW, Goh A, Tan A, Ng CH, Seh CC, Tan KW, Horak ID, Low L. Overexpression of an Engineered SERPINB9 Enhances Allogeneic T-cell Persistence and Efficacy. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:1108-1122. [PMID: 38833270 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells offer many advantages over autologous therapies, but their benefits are curtailed by graft-versus-host disease and elimination by recipient immune cells. Moreover, just as with autologous therapies, allogeneic CAR T cells are susceptible to activation-induced cell death (AICD) caused by chronic antigen exposure (CAE). Granzyme B- and Fas/Fas ligand-initiated caspase-mediated apoptoses are key mechanisms of T-cell death caused by T/NK cell-mediated allorejection or CAE. We explored a protective strategy of engineering CAR T cells to overexpress variants of the Granzyme B-specific serine protease inhibitor SERPINB9 (SB9) to improve allogeneic T-cell persistence and antitumor efficacy. We showed that the overexpression of an SB9 variant with broadened caspase specificity, SB9(CAS), not only significantly reduced rejection of allogeneic CAR T cells but also increased their resistance to AICD and enabled them to thrive better under CAE, thus improving allogeneic T-cell persistence and antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. In addition, although SB9(CAS) overexpression improved the efficacy of allogeneic CAR T-cell therapy by conferring protection to cell death, we did not observe any autonomous growth, and the engineered CAR T cells were still susceptible to an inducible suicide switch. Hence, SB9(CAS) overexpression is a promising strategy that can strengthen current development of cell therapies, broadening their applications to address unmet medical needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Y Teo
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - David H Quach
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Joanna Koh
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Alrina Tan
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee H Ng
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheah C Seh
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kar W Tan
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lionel Low
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Terheyden-Keighley D, Hühne M, Berger T, Hiller B, Martins S, Gamerschlag A, Sabour D, Meffert A, Kislat A, Slotta C, Hafezi F, Lichte J, Sudheer S, Tessmer K, Psathaki K, Ader M, Kogler G, Greber B. GMP-compliant iPS cell lines show widespread plasticity in a new set of differentiation workflows for cell replacement and cancer immunotherapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae047. [PMID: 39042522 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell therapeutic applications based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) appear highly promising and challenging at the same time. Good manufacturing practice (GMP) regulations impose necessary yet demanding requirements for quality and consistency when manufacturing iPSCs and their differentiated progeny. Given the scarcity of accessible GMP iPSC lines, we have established a corresponding production workflow to generate the first set of compliant cell banks. Hence, these lines met a comprehensive set of release specifications and, for instance, displayed a low overall mutation load reflecting their neonatal origin, cord blood. Based on these iPSC lines, we have furthermore developed a set of GMP-compatible workflows enabling improved gene targeting at strongly enhanced efficiencies and directed differentiation into critical cell types: A new protocol for the generation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) features a high degree of simplicity and efficiency. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from iPSCs displayed outstanding expansion capacity. A fully optimized cardiomyocyte differentiation protocol was characterized by a particularly high batch-to-batch consistency at purities above 95%. Finally, we introduce a universal immune cell induction platform that converts iPSCs into multipotent precursor cells. These hematopoietic precursors could selectively be stimulated to become macrophages, T cells, or natural killer (NK) cells. A switch in culture conditions upon NK-cell differentiation induced a several thousand-fold expansion, which opens up perspectives for upscaling this key cell type in a feeder cell-independent approach. Taken together, these cell lines and improved manipulation platforms will have broad utility in cell therapy as well as in basic research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Björn Hiller
- Catalent Düsseldorf GmbH, 40764 Langenfeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jens Lichte
- Catalent Düsseldorf GmbH, 40764 Langenfeld, Germany
| | | | - Karen Tessmer
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katherina Psathaki
- Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Marius Ader
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gesine Kogler
- Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics and Jose Carreras Stem Cell Bank, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Boris Greber
- Catalent Düsseldorf GmbH, 40764 Langenfeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gheitasi M, Safdel S, Kumar Patra S, Zandvakili R, Nemati M, Saha B, Jafarzadeh A. Generation of immune cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): Their potential for adoptive cell therapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110836. [PMID: 38981248 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Advances in human stem cell technologies enable induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to be explored as potent candidates for treating various diseases, such as malignancies, autoimmunity, immunodeficiencies, and allergic reactions. iPSCs with infinite self-renewal ability can be derived from different types of somatic cells without the ethical issues associated with embryonic stem cells. To date, numerous cell types, including various immune cell subsets [CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma delta T (γδ T) cells, regulatory T cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils] have successfully been generated from iPSCs paving the way for effective adoptive cell transfer therapy, drug development, and disease modeling. Herein, we review various iPSC-derived immune cells and their possible application in immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Gheitasi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sepeher Safdel
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Raziyeh Zandvakili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tsuneyoshi N, Hosoya T, Takeno Y, Saitoh K, Murai H, Amimoto N, Tatsumi R, Watanabe S, Hasegawa Y, Kikkawa E, Goto K, Nishigaki F, Tamura K, Kimura H. Hypoimmunogenic human iPSCs expressing HLA-G, PD-L1, and PD-L2 evade innate and adaptive immunity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:193. [PMID: 38956724 PMCID: PMC11218117 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can generate all the cells composing the human body, theoretically. Therefore, hiPSCs are thought to be a candidate source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. The major challenge of allogeneic hiPSC-derived cell products is their immunogenicity. The hypoimmunogenic cell strategy is allogenic cell therapy without using immune suppressants. Advances in gene engineering technology now permit the generation of hypoimmunogenic cells to avoid allogeneic immune rejection. In this study, we generated a hypoimmunogenic hiPSC (HyPSC) clone that had diminished expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ia and class II and expressed immune checkpoint molecules and a safety switch. METHODS First, we generated HLA class Ia and class II double knockout (HLA class Ia/II DKO) hiPSCs. Then, a HyPSC clone was generated by introducing exogenous β-2-microglobulin (B2M), HLA-G, PD-L1, and PD-L2 genes, and the Rapamycin-activated Caspase 9 (RapaCasp9)-based suicide gene as a safety switch into the HLA class Ia/II DKO hiPSCs. The characteristics and immunogenicity of the HyPSCs and their derivatives were analyzed. RESULTS We found that the expression of HLA-G on the cell surface can be enhanced by introducing the exogenous HLA-G gene along with B2M gene into HLA class Ia/II DKO hiPSCs. The HyPSCs retained a normal karyotype and had the characteristics of pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, the HyPSCs could differentiate into cells of all three germ layer lineages including CD45+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), functional endothelial cells, and hepatocytes. The HyPSCs-derived HPCs exhibited the ability to evade innate and adaptive immunity. Further, we demonstrated that RapaCasp9 could be used as a safety switch in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The HLA class Ia/II DKO hiPSCs armed with HLA-G, PD-L1, PD-L2, and RapaCasp9 molecules are a potential source of stem cells for allogeneic transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Tsuneyoshi
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hosoya
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuriko Takeno
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kodai Saitoh
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Murai
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Naoki Amimoto
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Rie Tatsumi
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Sono Watanabe
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yudai Hasegawa
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Eri Kikkawa
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kumiko Goto
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fusako Nishigaki
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Kimura
- HEALIOS K.K. Kobe Research Institute, Kobe KIMEC Center Bldg. 3F, 1-5-2 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park TY, Jeon J, Cha Y, Kim KS. Past, present, and future of cell replacement therapy for parkinson's disease: a novel emphasis on host immune responses. Cell Res 2024; 34:479-492. [PMID: 38777859 PMCID: PMC11217403 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) stands as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, and its prevalence continues to rise with the aging global population. Central to the pathophysiology of PD is the specific degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons (mDANs) in the substantia nigra. Consequently, cell replacement therapy (CRT) has emerged as a promising treatment approach, initially supported by various open-label clinical studies employing fetal ventral mesencephalic (fVM) cells. Despite the initial favorable results, fVM cell therapy has intrinsic and logistical limitations that hinder its transition to a standard treatment for PD. Recent efforts in the field of cell therapy have shifted its focus towards the utilization of human pluripotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, to surmount existing challenges. However, regardless of the transplantable cell sources (e.g., xenogeneic, allogeneic, or autologous), the poor and variable survival of implanted dopamine cells remains a major obstacle. Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of host immune responses following transplantation in influencing the survival of implanted mDANs, underscoring an important area for further research. In this comprehensive review, building upon insights derived from previous fVM transplantation studies, we delve into the functional ramifications of host immune responses on the survival and efficacy of grafted dopamine cells. Furthermore, we explore potential strategic approaches to modulate the host immune response, ultimately aiming for optimal outcomes in future clinical applications of CRT for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yoon Park
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jeha Jeon
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Young Cha
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Y, Shi J, Xin M, Kahkoska AR, Wang J, Gu Z. Cell-drug conjugates. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6. [PMID: 38951139 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
By combining living cells with therapeutics, cell-drug conjugates can potentiate the functions of both components, particularly for applications in drug delivery and therapy. The conjugates can be designed to persist in the bloodstream, undergo chemotaxis, evade surveillance by the immune system, proliferate, or maintain or transform their cellular phenotypes. In this Review, we discuss strategies for the design of cell-drug conjugates with specific functions, the techniques for their preparation, and their applications in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases and other pathologies. We also discuss the translational challenges and opportunities of this class of drug-delivery systems and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Minhang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna R Kahkoska
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Thorngren J, Brboric A, Vasylovska S, Hjelmqvist D, Westermark GT, Saarimäki-Vire J, Kvist J, Balboa D, Otonkoski T, Carlsson PO, Lau J. Efficient Vascular and Neural Engraftment of Stem Cell-Derived Islets. Diabetes 2024; 73:1127-1139. [PMID: 38603470 PMCID: PMC11189832 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) have emerged as a new source for β-cell replacement therapy. The function of human islet transplants is hampered by excessive cell death posttransplantation; contributing factors include inflammatory reactions, insufficient revascularization, and islet amyloid formation. However, there is a gap in knowledge of the engraftment process of SC-islets. In this experimental study, we investigated the engraftment capability of SC-islets at 3 months posttransplantation and observed that cell apoptosis rates were lower but vascular density was similar in SC-islets compared with human islets. Whereas the human islet transplant vascular structures were a mixture of remnant donor endothelium and ingrowing blood vessels, the SC-islets contained ingrowing blood vessels only. Oxygenation in the SC-islet grafts was twice as high as that in the corresponding grafts of human islets, suggesting better vascular functionality. Similar to the blood vessel ingrowth, reinnervation of the SC-islets was four- to fivefold higher than that of the human islets. Both SC-islets and human islets contained amyloid at 1 and 3 months posttransplantation. We conclude that the vascular and neural engraftment of SC-islets are superior to those of human islets, but grafts of both origins develop amyloid, with potential long-term consequences. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thorngren
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja Brboric
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Daisy Hjelmqvist
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joey Lau
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Biswas PK, Park J. Applications, challenges, and prospects of induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular disease. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100077. [PMID: 38825189 PMCID: PMC11260847 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular disease, including heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease, is one of the leading causes of death and disability and represents a significant global health issue. Since the development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in 2007, hiPSCs have provided unique and tremendous opportunities for studying human pathophysiology, disease modeling, and drug discovery in the field of regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss vascular physiology and related diseases, the current methods for generating vascular cells (eg, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes) from hiPSCs, and describe the opportunities and challenges to the clinical applications of vascular organoids, tissue-engineered blood vessels, and vessels-on-a-chip. We then explore how hiPSCs can be used to study and treat inherited vascular diseases and discuss the current challenges and future prospects. In the future, it will be essential to develop vascularized organoids or tissues that can simultaneously undergo shear stress and cyclic stretching. This development will not only increase their maturity and function but also enable effective and innovative disease modeling and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polash Kumar Biswas
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24252, South Korea
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24252, South Korea; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
von Bibra C, Hinkel R. Non-human primate studies for cardiomyocyte transplantation-ready for translation? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1408679. [PMID: 38962314 PMCID: PMC11221829 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1408679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHP) are valuable models for late translational pre-clinical studies, often seen as a last step before clinical application. The unique similarity between NHPs and humans is often the subject of ethical concerns. However, it is precisely this analogy in anatomy, physiology, and the immune system that narrows the translational gap to other animal models in the cardiovascular field. Cell and gene therapy approaches are two dominant strategies investigated in the research field of cardiac regeneration. Focusing on the cell therapy approach, several xeno- and allogeneic cell transplantation studies with a translational motivation have been realized in macaque species. This is based on the pressing need for novel therapeutic options for heart failure patients. Stem cell-based remuscularization of the injured heart can be achieved via direct injection of cardiomyocytes (CMs) or patch application. Both CM delivery approaches are in the late preclinical stage, and the first clinical trials have started. However, are we already ready for the clinical area? The present review concentrates on CM transplantation studies conducted in NHPs, discusses the main sources and discoveries, and provides a perspective about human translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constantin von Bibra
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre of Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre of Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saha S, Haynes WJ, Del Rio NM, Young EE, Zhang J, Seo J, Huang L, Holm AM, Blashka W, Murphy L, Scholz MJ, Henrichs A, Suresh Babu J, Steill J, Stewart R, Kamp TJ, Brown ME. Diminished Immune Cell Adhesion in Hypoimmune ICAM-1 Knockout Pluripotent Stem Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.597791. [PMID: 38895244 PMCID: PMC11185752 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.597791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hypoimmune gene edited human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are a promising platform for developing reparative cellular therapies that evade immune rejection. Existing first-generation hypoimmune strategies have used CRISPR/Cas9 editing to modulate genes associated with adaptive (e.g., T cell) immune responses, but have largely not addressed the innate immune cells (e.g., monocytes, neutrophils) that mediate inflammation and rejection processes occurring early after graft transplantation. We identified the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 as a novel hypoimmune target that plays multiple critical roles in both adaptive and innate immune responses post-transplantation. In a series of studies, we found that ICAM-1 blocking or knock-out (KO) in hPSC-derived cardiovascular therapies imparted significantly diminished binding of multiple immune cell types. ICAM-1 KO resulted in diminished T cell proliferation responses in vitro and in longer in vivo retention/protection of KO grafts following immune cell encounter in NeoThy humanized mice. The ICAM-1 KO edit was also introduced into existing first-generation hypoimmune hPSCs and prevented immune cell binding, thereby enhancing the overall hypoimmune capacity of the cells. This novel hypoimmune editing strategy has the potential to improve the long-term efficacy and safety profiles of regenerative therapies for cardiovascular pathologies and a number of other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayandeep Saha
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - W. John Haynes
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Natalia M. Del Rio
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Elizabeth E. Young
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Jue Zhang
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | - Jiwon Seo
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Liupei Huang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Alexis M. Holm
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Wesley Blashka
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Lydia Murphy
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Merrick J. Scholz
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | - Abigale Henrichs
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| | | | - John Steill
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | - Ron Stewart
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | - Timothy J. Kamp
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew E. Brown
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li YR, Zhou Y, Yu J, Zhu Y, Lee D, Zhu E, Li Z, Kim YJ, Zhou K, Fang Y, Lyu Z, Chen Y, Tian Y, Huang J, Cen X, Husman T, Cho JM, Hsiai T, Zhou JJ, Wang P, Puliafito BR, Larson SM, Yang L. Engineering allorejection-resistant CAR-NKT cells from hematopoietic stem cells for off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapy. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1849-1874. [PMID: 38584391 PMCID: PMC11184334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical potential of current FDA-approved chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy is encumbered by its autologous nature, which presents notable challenges related to manufacturing complexities, heightened costs, and limitations in patient selection. Therefore, there is a growing demand for off-the-shelf universal cell therapies. In this study, we have generated universal CAR-engineered NKT (UCAR-NKT) cells by integrating iNKT TCR engineering and HLA gene editing on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), along with an ex vivo, feeder-free HSC differentiation culture. The UCAR-NKT cells are produced with high yield, purity, and robustness, and they display a stable HLA-ablated phenotype that enables resistance to host cell-mediated allorejection. These UCAR-NKT cells exhibit potent antitumor efficacy to blood cancers and solid tumors, both in vitro and in vivo, employing a multifaceted array of tumor-targeting mechanisms. These cells are further capable of altering the tumor microenvironment by selectively depleting immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In addition, UCAR-NKT cells demonstrate a favorable safety profile with low risks of graft-versus-host disease and cytokine release syndrome. Collectively, these preclinical studies underscore the feasibility and significant therapeutic potential of UCAR-NKT cell products and lay a foundation for their translational and clinical development.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology
- Animals
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/metabolism
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Mice
- Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology
- Natural Killer T-Cells/metabolism
- Gene Editing
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jiaji Yu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Derek Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yu Jeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kuangyi Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zibai Lyu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yanxin Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xinjian Cen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tiffany Husman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tzung Hsiai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jin J Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Benjamin R Puliafito
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sarah M Larson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bode K, Wei S, Gruber I, Li J, Kissler S, Yi P. Beta cells deficient for Renalase counteract autoimmunity by shaping natural killer cell activity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403752. [PMID: 38975343 PMCID: PMC11225407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Recent advancements in the technology of generating pancreatic beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (SC-beta cells) have facilitated the exploration of cell replacement therapies for treating T1D. However, the persistent threat of autoimmunity poses a significant challenge to the survival of transplanted SC-beta cells. Genetic engineering is a promising approach to enhance immune resistance of beta cells as we previously showed by inactivating the Renalase (Rnls) gene. Here, we demonstrate that Rnls loss of function in beta cells shapes autoimmunity by mediating a regulatory natural killer (NK) cell phenotype important for the induction of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells. Rnls-deficient beta cells mediate cell-cell contact-independent induction of hallmark anti-inflammatory cytokine Tgfβ1 in NK cells. In addition, surface expression of regulatory NK immune checkpoints CD47 and Ceacam1 is markedly elevated on beta cells deficient for Rnls. Altered glucose metabolism in Rnls mutant beta cells is involved in the upregulation of CD47 surface expression. These findings are crucial to better understand how genetically engineered beta cells shape autoimmunity, giving valuable insights for future therapeutic advancements to treat and cure T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Siying Wei
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Isabella Gruber
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Li
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephan Kissler
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
López-Arredondo A, Cruz-Cardenas JA, Cázares-Preciado JA, Timmins NE, Brunck ME. Neutrophils, an emerging new therapeutic platform. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103106. [PMID: 38490109 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils possess unique characteristics that render them indispensable to health, and patients with irregular neutrophil counts or functions suffer from increased morbidity and mortality. As neutrophils are short-lived postmitotic cells, genetic aberrations cannot be corrected directly in neutrophils and must be targeted in their progenitors. Neutrophils are increasingly being contemplated for a range of therapeutic applications, including restoration or modulation of immune function and targeting of solid tumors. This review addresses the state-of-the-art in neutrophil transfusions and their possible applications for infectious disease prevention and treatment. It offers a landscape of the most recent gene therapy approaches to address neutrophil-related genetic diseases. We also discuss how ongoing research could broaden the applicability of neutrophil-based therapies to solid cancer treatments and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra López-Arredondo
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José A Cruz-Cardenas
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Cázares-Preciado
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Nicholas E Timmins
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Marion Eg Brunck
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; The Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnologico, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mamachan M, Sharun K, Banu SA, Muthu S, Pawde AM, Abualigah L, Maiti SK. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration: Insights into molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102380. [PMID: 38615643 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage regeneration has gained significant attention in regenerative medicine. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-based cartilage regeneration and explores various therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of MSCs in this context. MSCs exhibit multipotent capabilities and can differentiate into various cell lineages under specific microenvironmental cues. Chondrogenic differentiation, a complex process involving signaling pathways, transcription factors, and growth factors, plays a pivotal role in the successful regeneration of cartilage tissue. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is tightly regulated by growth factors and signaling pathways such as TGF-β, BMP, Wnt/β-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, NOTCH, and IHH (Indian hedgehog). Understanding the intricate balance between these pathways is crucial for directing lineage-specific differentiation and preventing undesirable chondrocyte hypertrophy. Additionally, paracrine effects of MSCs, mediated by the secretion of bioactive factors, contribute significantly to immunomodulation, recruitment of endogenous stem cells, and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype. Pre-treatment strategies utilized to potentiate MSCs, such as hypoxic conditions, low-intensity ultrasound, kartogenin treatment, and gene editing, are also discussed for their potential to enhance MSC survival, differentiation, and paracrine effects. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based cartilage regeneration and outlines promising therapeutic strategies. The insights presented contribute to the ongoing efforts in optimizing MSC-based therapies for effective cartilage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Kaur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Artificial Intelligence and Sensing Technologies (AIST) Research Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Computer Science Department, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 13-5053, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 27500, Malaysia
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Frederiksen HR, Glantz A, Vøls KK, Skov S, Tveden-Nyborg P, Freude K, Doehn U. CRISPR-Cas9 immune-evasive hESCs are rejected following transplantation into immunocompetent mice. Front Genome Ed 2024; 6:1403395. [PMID: 38863835 PMCID: PMC11165197 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2024.1403395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although current stem cell therapies exhibit promising potential, the extended process of employing autologous cells and the necessity for donor-host matching to avert the rejection of transplanted cells significantly limit the widespread applicability of these treatments. It would be highly advantageous to generate a pluripotent universal donor stem cell line that is immune-evasive and, therefore, not restricted by the individual's immune system, enabling unlimited application within cell replacement therapies. Before such immune-evasive stem cells can be moved forward to clinical trials, in vivo testing via transplantation experiments in immune-competent animals would be a favorable approach preceding preclinical testing. By using human stem cells in immune competent animals, results will be more translatable to a clinical setting, as no parts of the immune system have been altered, although in a xenogeneic setting. In this way, immune evasiveness, cell survival, and unwanted proliferative effects can be assessed before clinical trials in humans. The current study presents the generation and characterization of three human embryonic stem cell lines (hESCs) for xenogeneic transplantation in immune-competent mice. The major histocompatibility complexes I- and II-encoding genes, B2M and CIITA, have been deleted from the hESCs using CRISPR-Cas9-targeted gene replacement strategies and knockout. B2M was knocked out by the insertion of murine CD47. Human-secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (hSEAP) was inserted in a safe harbor site to track cells in vivo. The edited hESCs maintained their pluripotency, karyotypic normality, and stable expression of murine CD47 and hSEAP in vitro. In vivo transplantation of hESCs into immune-competent BALB/c mice was successfully monitored by measuring hSEAP in blood samples. Nevertheless, transplantation of immune-evasive hESCs resulted in complete rejection within 11 days, with clear immune infiltration of T-cells on day 8. Our results reveal that knockout of B2M and CIITA together with species-specific expression of CD47 are insufficient to prevent rejection in an immune-competent and xenogeneic context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Reventlow Frederiksen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Søren Skov
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Tveden-Nyborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Doehn
- Cell Therapy Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bogomiakova ME, Bogomazova AN, Lagarkova MA. Dysregulation of Immune Tolerance to Autologous iPSCs and Their Differentiated Derivatives. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:799-816. [PMID: 38880643 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), capable of differentiating into any cell type, are a promising tool for solving the problem of donor organ shortage. In addition, reprogramming technology makes it possible to obtain a personalized, i.e., patient-specific, cell product transplantation of which should not cause problems related to histocompatibility of the transplanted tissues and organs. At the same time, inconsistent information about the main advantage of autologous iPSC-derivatives - lack of immunogenicity - still casts doubt on the possibility of using such cells beyond immunosuppressive therapy protocols. This review is devoted to immunogenic properties of the syngeneic and autologous iPSCs and their derivatives, as well as to the reasons for dysregulation of their immune tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita E Bogomiakova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia.
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Alexandra N Bogomazova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Maria A Lagarkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vonada A, Wakefield L, Martinez M, Harding CO, Grompe M, Tiyaboonchai A. Complete correction of murine phenylketonuria by selection-enhanced hepatocyte transplantation. Hepatology 2024; 79:1088-1097. [PMID: 37824086 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocyte transplantation for genetic liver diseases has several potential advantages over gene therapy. However, the low efficiency of cell engraftment has limited its clinical implementation. This problem could be overcome by selectively expanding transplanted donor cells until they replace enough of the liver mass to achieve therapeutic benefit. We previously described a gene therapy method to selectively expand hepatocytes deficient in cytochrome p450 reductase (Cypor) using acetaminophen (APAP). Because Cypor is required for the transformation of APAP to a hepatotoxic metabolite, Cypor-deficient cells are protected from toxicity and are able to expand following APAP-induced liver injury. Here, we apply this selection system to correct a mouse model of phenylketonuria by cell transplantation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Hepatocytes from a wild-type donor animal were edited in vitro to create Cypor deficiency and then transplanted into phenylketonuric animals. Following selection with APAP, blood phenylalanine concentrations were fully normalized and remained stable following APAP withdrawal. Cypor-deficient hepatocytes expanded from < 1% to ~14% in corrected animals, and they showed no abnormalities in blood chemistries, liver histology, or drug metabolism. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that APAP-mediated selection of transplanted hepatocytes is a potential therapeutic for phenylketonuria with long-term efficacy and a favorable safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vonada
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Leslie Wakefield
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Martinez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cary O Harding
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Amita Tiyaboonchai
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Feng X, Zhang H, Yang S, Cui D, Wu Y, Qi X, Su Z. From stem cells to pancreatic β-cells: strategies, applications, and potential treatments for diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04999-x. [PMID: 38642274 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Loss and functional failure of pancreatic β-cells results in disruption of glucose homeostasis and progression of diabetes. Although whole pancreas or pancreatic islet transplantation serves as a promising approach for β-cell replenishment and diabetes therapy, the severe scarcity of donor islets makes it unattainable for most diabetic patients. Stem cells, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are promising for the treatment of diabetes owing to their self-renewal capacity and ability to differentiate into functional β-cells. In this review, we first introduce the development of functional β-cells and their heterogeneity and then turn to highlight recent advances in the generation of β-cells from stem cells and their potential applications in disease modeling, drug discovery and clinical therapy. Finally, we have discussed the current challenges in developing stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for improving the treatment of diabetes. Although some significant technical hurdles remain, stem cells offer great hope for patients with diabetes and will certainly transform future clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingrong Feng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaocun Qi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ho BX, Teo AKK, Ng NHJ. Innovations in bio-engineering and cell-based approaches to address immunological challenges in islet transplantation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375177. [PMID: 38650946 PMCID: PMC11033429 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Human allogeneic pancreatic islet transplantation is a life-changing treatment for patients with severe Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) who suffer from hypoglycemia unawareness and high risk of severe hypoglycemia. However, intensive immunosuppression is required to prevent immune rejection of the graft, that may in turn lead to undesirable side effects such as toxicity to the islet cells, kidney toxicity, occurrence of opportunistic infections, and malignancies. The shortage of cadaveric human islet donors further limits islet transplantation as a treatment option for widespread adoption. Alternatively, porcine islets have been considered as another source of insulin-secreting cells for transplantation in T1D patients, though xeno-transplants raise concerns over the risk of endogenous retrovirus transmission and immunological incompatibility. As a result, technological advancements have been made to protect transplanted islets from immune rejection and inflammation, ideally in the absence of chronic immunosuppression, to improve the outcomes and accessibility of allogeneic islet cell replacement therapies. These include the use of microencapsulation or macroencapsulation devices designed to provide an immunoprotective environment using a cell-impermeable layer, preventing immune cell attack of the transplanted cells. Other up and coming advancements are based on the use of stem cells as the starting source material for generating islet cells 'on-demand'. These starting stem cell sources include human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) that have been genetically engineered to avoid the host immune response, curated HLA-selected donor hiPSCs that can be matched with recipients within a given population, and multipotent stem cells with natural immune privilege properties. These strategies are developed to provide an immune-evasive cell resource for allogeneic cell therapy. This review will summarize the immunological challenges facing islet transplantation and highlight recent bio-engineering and cell-based approaches aimed at avoiding immune rejection, to improve the accessibility of islet cell therapy and enhance treatment outcomes. Better understanding of the different approaches and their limitations can guide future research endeavors towards developing more comprehensive and targeted strategies for creating a more tolerogenic microenvironment, and improve the effectiveness and sustainability of islet transplantation to benefit more patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- BetaLife Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adrian Kee Keong Teo
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natasha Hui Jin Ng
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Degagné É, Donohoue PD, Roy S, Scherer J, Fowler TW, Davis RT, Reyes GA, Kwong G, Stanaway M, Larroca Vicena V, Mutha D, Guo R, Edwards L, Schilling B, Shaw M, Smith SC, Kohrs B, Kufeldt HJ, Churchward G, Ruan F, Nyer DB, McSweeney K, Irby MJ, Fuller CK, Banh L, Toh MS, Thompson M, Owen AL, An Z, Gradia S, Skoble J, Bryan M, Garner E, Kanner SB. High-Specificity CRISPR-Mediated Genome Engineering in Anti-BCMA Allogeneic CAR T Cells Suppresses Allograft Rejection in Preclinical Models. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:462-477. [PMID: 38345397 PMCID: PMC10985478 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies hold the potential to overcome many of the challenges associated with patient-derived (autologous) CAR T cells. Key considerations in the development of allogeneic CAR T cell therapies include prevention of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) and suppression of allograft rejection. Here, we describe preclinical data supporting the ongoing first-in-human clinical study, the CaMMouflage trial (NCT05722418), evaluating CB-011 in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. CB-011 is a hypoimmunogenic, allogeneic anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T cell therapy candidate. CB-011 cells feature 4 genomic alterations and were engineered from healthy donor-derived T cells using a Cas12a CRISPR hybrid RNA-DNA (chRDNA) genome-editing technology platform. To address allograft rejection, CAR T cells were engineered to prevent endogenous HLA class I complex expression and overexpress a single-chain polyprotein complex composed of beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) tethered to HLA-E. In addition, T-cell receptor (TCR) expression was disrupted at the TCR alpha constant locus in combination with the site-specific insertion of a humanized BCMA-specific CAR. CB-011 cells exhibited robust plasmablast cytotoxicity in vitro in a mixed lymphocyte reaction in cell cocultures derived from patients with multiple myeloma. In addition, CB-011 cells demonstrated suppressed recognition by and cytotoxicity from HLA-mismatched T cells. CB-011 cells were protected from natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo due to endogenous promoter-driven expression of B2M-HLA-E. Potent antitumor efficacy, when combined with an immune-cloaking armoring strategy to dampen allograft rejection, offers optimized therapeutic potential in multiple myeloma. See related Spotlight by Caimi and Melenhorst, p. 385.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suparna Roy
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Devin Mutha
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | - Raymond Guo
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | - McKay Shaw
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | - Bryan Kohrs
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | - Finey Ruan
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Lynda Banh
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | - Zili An
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | | - Mara Bryan
- Caribou Biosciences, Inc., Berkeley, California
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kieda J, Shakeri A, Landau S, Wang EY, Zhao Y, Lai BF, Okhovatian S, Wang Y, Jiang R, Radisic M. Advances in cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:492-511. [PMID: 37909362 PMCID: PMC11213712 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in both cardiac tissue engineering and hearts-on-a-chip are grounded in new biomaterial development as well as the employment of innovative fabrication techniques that enable precise control of the mechanical, electrical, and structural properties of the cardiac tissues being modelled. The elongated structure of cardiomyocytes requires tuning of substrate properties and application of biophysical stimuli to drive its mature phenotype. Landmark advances have already been achieved with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac patches that advanced to human testing. Heart-on-a-chip platforms are now commonly used by a number of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Here, we provide an overview of cardiac physiology in order to better define the requirements for functional tissue recapitulation. We then discuss the biomaterials most commonly used in both cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip, followed by the discussion of recent representative studies in both fields. We outline significant challenges common to both fields, specifically: scalable tissue fabrication and platform standardization, improving cellular fidelity through effective tissue vascularization, achieving adult tissue maturation, and ultimately developing cryopreservation protocols so that the tissues are available off the shelf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kieda
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amid Shakeri
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Fook Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sargol Okhovatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Stucchi A, Maspes F, Montee-Rodrigues E, Fousteri G. Engineered Treg cells: The heir to the throne of immunotherapy. J Autoimmun 2024; 144:102986. [PMID: 36639301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, increased interest in the use of Tregs as adoptive cell therapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection had led to several advances in the field. However, Treg cell therapies, while constantly advancing, indiscriminately suppress the immune system without the permanent stabilization of certain diseases. Genetically modified Tregs hold great promise towards solving these problems, but, challenges in identifying the most potent Treg subtype, accompanied by the ambiguity involved in identifying the optimal Treg source, along with its expansion and engineering in a clinical-grade setting remain paramount. This review highlights the recent advances in methodologies for the development of genetically engineered Treg cell-based treatments for autoimmune, inflammatory diseases, and organ rejection. Additionally, it provides a systematized guide to all the recent progress in the field and informs the readers of the feasibility and safety of engineered adoptive Treg cell therapy, with the aim to provide a framework for researchers involved in the development of engineered Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Stucchi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Maspes
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ely Montee-Rodrigues
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Cambridge Epigenetix, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun T, Li M, Liu Q, Yu A, Cheng K, Ma J, Murphy S, McNutt PM, Zhang Y. Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair. Front Med 2024; 18:258-284. [PMID: 38216854 PMCID: PMC11283324 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Exosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and beyond. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells, have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair. One advantage of exosome therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy, such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell types. However, further research is necessary to optimize exosome therapy, not only in the areas of exosome isolation, characterization, and engineering, but also in determining the optimal dose, timing, administration, and frequency of exosome therapy. Thus, optimization of exosome therapy is critical for the development of more effective and safer exosome-based therapies for acute skin wound healing and other diseases induced by cancer, ischemia, or inflammation. This review provides valuable insights into the potential of exosome therapy and highlights the need for further research to optimize exosome therapy for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Sun
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Anyong Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Jianxing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Patrick Michael McNutt
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bhatt B, García-Díaz P, Foight GW. Synthetic transcription factor engineering for cell and gene therapy. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:449-463. [PMID: 37865540 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic transcription factors (synTFs) that control beneficial transgene expression are an important method to increase the safety and efficacy of cell and gene therapy. Reliance on synTF components from non-human sources has slowed progress in the field because of concerns about immunogenicity and inducer drug properties. Recent advances in human-derived DNA-binding domains (DBDs) and transcriptional activation domains (TADs) paired with novel control modules responsive to clinically approved small molecules have poised the synTF field to overcome these hurdles. Advances include controllers inducible by autonomous signaling inputs and more complex, multi-input synTF circuits. Demonstrations of advanced control strategies with human-derived transcription factor components in clinically relevant vectors and in vivo models will facilitate progression into the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhoomi Bhatt
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pablo García-Díaz
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Glenna Wink Foight
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chang PC, Yuan X, Zampieri A, Towns C, Yoo SP, Engstrom C, Tsai S, Robles CR, Zhu Y, Lopez S, Montel-Hagen A, Seet CS, Crooks GM. Generation of antigen-specific mature T cells from RAG1 -/-RAG2 -/-B2M -/- stem cells by engineering their microenvironment. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:461-478. [PMID: 38062131 PMCID: PMC11087257 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising source of allogeneic T cells for off-the-shelf immunotherapies. However, the process of differentiating genetically engineered PSCs to generate mature T cells requires that the same molecular elements that are crucial for the selection of these cells be removed to prevent alloreactivity. Here we show that antigen-restricted mature T cells can be generated in vitro from PSCs edited via CRISPR to lack endogenous T cell receptors (TCRs) and class I major histocompatibility complexes. Specifically, we used T cell precursors from RAG1-/-RAG2-/-B2M-/- human PSCs expressing a single TCR, and a murine stromal cell line providing the cognate human major histocompatibility complex molecule and other critical signals for T cell maturation. Possibly owing to the absence of TCR mispairing, the generated T cells showed substantially better tumour control in mice than T cells with an intact endogenous TCR. Introducing the T cell selection components into the stromal microenvironment of the PSCs overcomes inherent biological challenges associated with the development of T cell immunotherapies from allogeneic PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Chang
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandre Zampieri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chloe Towns
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sang Pil Yoo
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Claire Engstrom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Tsai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Yuhua Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shawn Lopez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amelie Montel-Hagen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S Seet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gay M Crooks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Feng L, Wang Y, Fu Y, Li T, He G. Stem Cell-Based Strategies: The Future Direction of Bioartificial Liver Development. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:601-616. [PMID: 38170319 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) results from severe liver damage or end-stage liver disease. It is extremely fatal and causes serious health and economic burdens worldwide. Once ALF occurs, liver transplantation (LT) is the only definitive and recommended treatment; however, LT is limited by the scarcity of liver grafts. Consequently, the clinical use of bioartificial liver (BAL) has been proposed as a treatment strategy for ALF. Human primary hepatocytes are an ideal cell source for these methods. However, their high demand and superior viability prevent their widespread use. Hence, finding alternatives that meet the seed cell quality and quantity requirements is imperative. Stem cells with self-renewing, immunogenic, and differentiative capacities are potential cell sources. MSCs and its secretomes encompass a spectrum of beneficial properties, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-ROS (reactive oxygen species), anti-apoptotic, pro-metabolomic, anti-fibrogenesis, and pro-regenerative attributes. This review focused on the recent status and future directions of stem cell-based strategies in BAL for ALF. Additionally, we discussed the opportunities and challenges associated with promoting such strategies for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guolin He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Harding J, Vintersten-Nagy K, Yang H, Tang JK, Shutova M, Jong ED, Lee JH, Massumi M, Oussenko T, Izadifar Z, Zhang P, Rogers IM, Wheeler MB, Lye SJ, Sung HK, Li C, Izadifar M, Nagy A. Immune-privileged tissues formed from immunologically cloaked mouse embryonic stem cells survive long term in allogeneic hosts. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:427-442. [PMID: 37996616 PMCID: PMC11087263 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The immunogenicity of transplanted allogeneic cells and tissues is a major hurdle to the advancement of cell therapies. Here we show that the overexpression of eight immunomodulatory transgenes (Pdl1, Cd200, Cd47, H2-M3, Fasl, Serpinb9, Ccl21 and Mfge8) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is sufficient to immunologically 'cloak' the cells as well as tissues derived from them, allowing their survival for months in outbred and allogeneic inbred recipients. Overexpression of the human orthologues of these genes in human ESCs abolished the activation of allogeneic human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their inflammatory responses. Moreover, by using the previously reported FailSafe transgene system, which transcriptionally links a gene essential for cell division with an inducible and cell-proliferation-dependent kill switch, we generated cloaked tissues from mESCs that served as immune-privileged subcutaneous sites that protected uncloaked allogeneic and xenogeneic cells from rejection in immune-competent hosts. The combination of cloaking and FailSafe technologies may allow for the generation of safe and allogeneically accepted cell lines and off-the-shelf cell products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Harding
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina Vintersten-Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Kit Tang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Shutova
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric D Jong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Massumi
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tatiana Oussenko
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Puzheng Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian M Rogers
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Lye
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - ChengJin Li
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Izadifar
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kioulaphides S, García AJ. Encapsulation and immune protection for type 1 diabetes cell therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115205. [PMID: 38360355 PMCID: PMC10948298 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) involves the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. Exogenous insulin injections are the current therapy but are user-dependent and cannot fully recapitulate physiological insulin secretion dynamics. Since the emergence of allogeneic cell therapy for T1D, the Edmonton Protocol has been the most promising immunosuppression protocol for cadaveric islet transplantation, but the lack of donor islets, poor cell engraftment, and required chronic immunosuppression have limited its application as a therapy for T1D. Encapsulation in biomaterials on the nano-, micro-, and macro-scale offers the potential to integrate islets with the host and protect them from immune responses. This method can be applied to different cell types, including cadaveric, porcine, and stem cell-derived islets, mitigating the issue of a lack of donor cells. This review covers progress in the efforts to integrate insulin-producing cells from multiple sources to T1D patients as a form of cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Kioulaphides
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mao Y, Wang S, Yu J, Li W. Engineering pluripotent stem cells with synthetic biology for regenerative medicine. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:90-109. [PMID: 38680679 PMCID: PMC11046572 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), characterized by self-renewal and capacity of differentiating into three germ layers, are the programmable building blocks of life. PSC-derived cells and multicellular systems, particularly organoids, exhibit great potential for regenerative medicine. However, this field is still in its infancy, partly due to limited strategies to robustly and precisely control stem cell behaviors, which are tightly regulated by inner gene regulatory networks in response to stimuli from the extracellular environment. Synthetic receptors and genetic circuits are powerful tools to customize the cellular sense-and-response process, suggesting their underlying roles in precise control of cell fate decision and function reconstruction. Herein, we review the progress and challenges needed to be overcome in the fields of PSC-based cell therapy and multicellular system generation, respectively. Furthermore, we summarize several well-established synthetic biology tools and their applications in PSC engineering. Finally, we highlight the challenges and perspectives of harnessing synthetic biology to PSC engineering for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu L, Wang X, Zhang T, Meng X, Zhao W, Pi C, Yang YG. Expression of a mutant CD47 protects against phagocytosis without inducing cell death or inhibiting angiogenesis. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101450. [PMID: 38508139 PMCID: PMC10983038 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
CD47 is a ligand of SIRPα, an inhibitory receptor expressed by macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, and, therefore, transgenic overexpression of CD47 is considered an effective approach to inhibiting transplant rejection. However, the detrimental effect of CD47 signaling is overlooked when exploring this approach. Here, we construct a mutant CD47 by replacing the transmembrane and intracellular domains with a membrane anchor (CD47-IgV). In both human and mouse cells, CD47-IgV is efficiently expressed on the cell surface and protects against phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo but does not induce cell death or inhibit angiogenesis. Furthermore, hematopoietic stem cells expressing transgenic CD47-IgV show no detectable alterations in engraftment or differentiation. This study provides a potentially effective means of achieving transgenic CD47 expression that may help to produce gene-edited pigs for xenotransplantation and hypoimmunogenic pluripotent stem cells for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xiandi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Chenchen Pi
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen X, Fan K, Lu J, Zhang S, Dong J, Qin J, Fan W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Peng H, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Yu C, Xiong Y, Song Y, Ye Q, Mai S, Wang Y, Wang Q, Zhang F, Wen X, Zhou T, Han L, Long M, Pan G, Burke JF, Zhang X. Selecting Monoclonal Cell Lineages from Somatic Reprogramming Using Robotic-Based Spatial-Restricting Structured Flow. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0338. [PMID: 38464498 PMCID: PMC10923610 DOI: 10.34133/research.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Somatic cell reprogramming generates induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which serve as a crucial source of seed cells for personalized disease modeling and treatment in regenerative medicine. However, the process of reprogramming often causes substantial lineage manipulations, thereby increasing cellular heterogeneity. As a consequence, the process of harvesting monoclonal iPSCs is labor-intensive and leads to decreased reproducibility. Here, we report the first in-house developed robotic platform that uses a pin-tip-based micro-structure to manipulate radial shear flow for automated monoclonal iPSC colony selection (~1 s) in a non-invasive and label-free manner, which includes tasks for somatic cell reprogramming culturing, medium changes; time-lapse-based high-content imaging; and iPSCs monoclonal colony detection, selection, and expansion. Throughput-wise, this automated robotic system can perform approximately 24 somatic cell reprogramming tasks within 50 days in parallel via a scheduling program. Moreover, thanks to a dual flow-based iPSC selection process, the purity of iPSCs was enhanced, while simultaneously eliminating the need for single-cell subcloning. These iPSCs generated via the dual processing robotic approach demonstrated a purity 3.7 times greater than that of the conventional manual methods. In addition, the automatically produced human iPSCs exhibited typical pluripotent transcriptional profiles, differentiation potential, and karyotypes. In conclusion, this robotic method could offer a promising solution for the automated isolation or purification of lineage-specific cells derived from iPSCs, thereby accelerating the development of personalized medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Chen
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Fan
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
- School of Light Industry and Engineering,
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Dong
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jisheng Qin
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Fan
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huo Peng
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Sun
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Yu
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucui Xiong
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Song
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Mai
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiancheng Zhou
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Han
- Institute of Electrical Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mian Long
- Institute of Mechanics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjin Pan
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
| | - Julian F. Burke
- Biological Sciences,
University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, People’s Republic of China;
Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Raniga K, Nasir A, Vo NTN, Vaidyanathan R, Dickerson S, Hilcove S, Mosqueira D, Mirams GR, Clements P, Hicks R, Pointon A, Stebbeds W, Francis J, Denning C. Strengthening cardiac therapy pipelines using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:292-311. [PMID: 38366587 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Advances in hiPSC isolation and reprogramming and hPSC-CM differentiation have prompted their therapeutic application and utilization for evaluating potential cardiovascular safety liabilities. In this perspective, we showcase key efforts toward the large-scale production of hiPSC-CMs, implementation of hiPSC-CMs in industry settings, and recent clinical applications of this technology. The key observations are a need for traceable gender and ethnically diverse hiPSC lines, approaches to reduce cost of scale-up, accessible clinical trial datasets, and transparent guidelines surrounding the safety and efficacy of hiPSC-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Raniga
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Aishah Nasir
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nguyen T N Vo
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Diogo Mosqueira
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gary R Mirams
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine & Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Peter Clements
- Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ryan Hicks
- BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell Therapy Department, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Amy Pointon
- Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | | | - Jo Francis
- Mechanstic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Chris Denning
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bode K, Wei S, Gruber I, Kissler S, Yi P. Beta Cells Deficient for Renalase Counteract Autoimmunity by Shaping Natural Killer Cell Activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582816. [PMID: 38496417 PMCID: PMC10942322 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Recent advancements in the technology of generating pancreatic beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (SC-beta cells) have facilitated the exploration of cell replacement therapies for treating T1D. However, the persistent threat of autoimmunity poses a significant challenge to the survival of transplanted SC-beta cells. Genetic engineering is a promising approach to enhance immune resistance of beta cells as we previously showed by inactivating of the Renalase (Rnls) gene. Here we demonstrate that Rnls loss-of-function in beta cells shape autoimmunity by mediating a regulatory Natural Killer (NK) cell phenotype important for the induction of tolerogenic antigen presenting cells. Rnls-deficient beta cells mediate cell-cell-contact-independent induction of hallmark anti-inflammatory cytokine Tgfβ1 in NK cells. In addition, surface expression of key regulatory NK immune checkpoints CD47 and Ceacam1 are markedly elevated on beta cells deficient for Rnls. Enhanced glucose metabolism in Rnls mutant beta cells is responsible for upregulation of CD47 surface expression. These findings are crucial to a better understand how genetically engineered beta cells shape autoimmunity giving valuable insights for future therapeutic advancements to treat and cure T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
| | - Siying Wei
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
| | - Isabella Gruber
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Stephan Kissler
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge MA 02138
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge MA 02138
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Borrero Borrego A, Gill S. Hypoimmune cells resist rejection in monkeys. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:380-382. [PMID: 37872412 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-02013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Borrero Borrego
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Salamanca Biomedical Institute (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Saar Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Cellular Therapy and Transplantation, Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lupo KB, Yao X, Borde S, Wang J, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, McIntosh M, Matosevic S. synNotch-programmed iPSC-derived NK cells usurp TIGIT and CD73 activities for glioblastoma therapy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1909. [PMID: 38429294 PMCID: PMC10907695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe heterogeneity within glioblastoma has spurred the notion that disrupting the interplay between multiple elements on immunosuppression is at the core of meaningful anti-tumor responses. T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) and its glioblastoma-associated antigen, CD155, form a highly immunosuppressive axis in glioblastoma and other solid tumors, yet targeting of TIGIT, a functionally heterogeneous receptor on tumor-infiltrating immune cells, has largely been ineffective as monotherapy, suggesting that disruption of its inhibitory network might be necessary for measurable responses. It is within this context that we show that the usurpation of the TIGIT - CD155 axis via engineered synNotch-mediated activation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer (NK) cells promotes transcription factor-mediated activation of a downstream signaling cascade that results in the controlled, localized blockade of CD73 to disrupt purinergic activity otherwise resulting in the production and accumulation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine. Such "decoy" receptor engages CD155 binding to TIGIT, but tilts inhibitory TIGIT/CD155 interactions toward activation via downstream synNotch signaling. Usurping activities of TIGIT and CD73 promotes the function of adoptively transferred NK cells into intracranial patient-derived models of glioblastoma and enhances their natural cytolytic functions against this tumor to result in complete tumor eradication. In addition, targeting both receptors, in turn, reprograms the glioblastoma microenvironment via the recruitment of T cells and the downregulation of M2 macrophages. This study demonstrates that TIGIT/CD155 and CD73 are targetable receptor partners in glioblastoma. Our data show that synNotch-engineered pluripotent stem cell-derived NK cells are not only effective mediators of anti-glioblastoma responses within the setting of CD73 and TIGIT/CD155 co-targeting, but represent a powerful allogeneic treatment option for this tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Lupo
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Xue Yao
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shambhavi Borde
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nadia A Lanman
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - MacKenzie McIntosh
- Histology Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lansberry TR, Stabler CL. Immunoprotection of cellular transplants for autoimmune type 1 diabetes through local drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 206:115179. [PMID: 38286164 PMCID: PMC11140763 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition that results in the destruction of insulin-secreting β cells of the islets of Langerhans. Allogeneic islet transplantation could be a successful treatment for T1DM; however, it is limited by the need for effective, permanent immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. Upon transplantation, islets are rejected through non-specific, alloantigen specific, and recurring autoimmune pathways. Immunosuppressive agents used for islet transplantation are generally successful in inhibiting alloantigen rejection, but they are suboptimal in hindering non-specific and autoimmune pathways. In this review, we summarize the challenges with cellular immunological rejection and therapeutics used for islet transplantation. We highlight agents that target these three immune rejection pathways and how to package them for controlled, local delivery via biomaterials. Exploring macro-, micro-, and nano-scale immunomodulatory biomaterial platforms, we summarize their advantages, challenges, and future directions. We hypothesize that understanding their key features will help identify effective platforms to prevent islet graft rejection. Outcomes can further be translated to other cellular therapies beyond T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T R Lansberry
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - C L Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Immunology and Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Achón Buil B, Rentsch NH, Weber RZ, Rickenbach C, Halliday SJ, Hotta A, Tackenberg C, Rust R. Beneath the radar: immune-evasive cell sources for stroke therapy. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:223-238. [PMID: 38272713 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is an emerging treatment paradigm for stroke patients with remaining neurological deficits. While allogeneic cell transplants overcome the manufacturing constraints of autologous grafts, they can be rejected by the recipient's immune system, which identifies foreign cells through the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The heterogeneity of HLA molecules in the human population would require a very high number of cell lines, which may still be inadequate for patients with rare genetic HLAs. Here, we outline key progress in genetic HLA engineering in pluripotent stem and derived cells to evade the host's immune system, reducing the number of allogeneic cell lines required, and examine safety measures explored in both preclinical studies and upcoming clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Achón Buil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora H Rentsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Z Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Rickenbach
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie J Halliday
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Franklin RJM, Bodini B, Goldman SA. Remyelination in the Central Nervous System. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041371. [PMID: 38316552 PMCID: PMC10910446 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The inability of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) to undergo spontaneous regeneration has long been regarded as a central tenet of neurobiology. However, while this is largely true of the neuronal elements of the adult mammalian CNS, save for discrete populations of granule neurons, the same is not true of its glial elements. In particular, the loss of oligodendrocytes, which results in demyelination, triggers a spontaneous and often highly efficient regenerative response, remyelination, in which new oligodendrocytes are generated and myelin sheaths are restored to denuded axons. Yet remyelination in humans is not without limitation, and a variety of demyelinating conditions are associated with sustained and disabling myelin loss. In this work, we will (1) review the biology of remyelination, including the cells and signals involved; (2) describe when remyelination occurs and when and why it fails, including the consequences of its failure; and (3) discuss approaches for therapeutically enhancing remyelination in demyelinating diseases of both children and adults, both by stimulating endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and by transplanting these cells into demyelinated brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin J M Franklin
- Altos Labs Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta Bodini
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75013, France
- Saint-Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris 75012, France
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
- University of Copenhagen Faculty of Medicine, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hu X, White K, Olroyd AG, DeJesus R, Dominguez AA, Dowdle WE, Friera AM, Young C, Wells F, Chu EY, Ito CE, Krishnapura H, Jain S, Ankala R, McGill TJ, Lin A, Egenberger K, Gagnon A, Michael Rukstalis J, Hogrebe NJ, Gattis C, Basco R, Millman JR, Kievit P, Davis MM, Lanier LL, Connolly AJ, Deuse T, Schrepfer S. Hypoimmune induced pluripotent stem cells survive long term in fully immunocompetent, allogeneic rhesus macaques. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:413-423. [PMID: 37156915 PMCID: PMC10940156 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering of allogeneic cell therapeutics that fully prevents rejection by a recipient's immune system would abolish the requirement for immunosuppressive drugs or encapsulation and support large-scale manufacturing of off-the-shelf cell products. Previously, we generated mouse and human hypoimmune pluripotent (HIP) stem cells by depleting HLA class I and II molecules and overexpressing CD47 (B2M-/-CIITA-/-CD47+). To determine whether this strategy is successful in non-human primates, we engineered rhesus macaque HIP cells and transplanted them intramuscularly into four allogeneic rhesus macaques. The HIP cells survived unrestricted for 16 weeks in fully immunocompetent allogeneic recipients and differentiated into several lineages, whereas allogeneic wild-type cells were vigorously rejected. We also differentiated human HIP cells into endocrinologically active pancreatic islet cells and showed that they survived in immunocompetent, allogeneic diabetic humanized mice for 4 weeks and ameliorated diabetes. HIP-edited primary rhesus macaque islets survived for 40 weeks in an allogeneic rhesus macaque recipient without immunosuppression, whereas unedited islets were quickly rejected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hu
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kathy White
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ari G Olroyd
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Chi Young
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frank Wells
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Y Chu
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Surbhi Jain
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ramya Ankala
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - August Lin
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nathaniel J Hogrebe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Corie Gattis
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ron Basco
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Connolly
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tobias Deuse
- Transplant and Stem Cell Immunobiology (TSI) Lab, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lee JS, Lee JE, Yu SH, Chun T, Chang MY, Lee DR, Park CH. Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex during Neuronal Differentiation of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:59-69. [PMID: 37879852 PMCID: PMC10899886 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-hESCs can permanently self-renew while maintaining their capacity to differentiate into any type of somatic cells, thereby serving as an important cell source for cell therapy. However, there are persistent challenges in the application of hPSCs in clinical trials, where one of the most significant is graft rejection by the patient immune system in response to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch when transplants are obtained from an allogeneic (non-self) cell source. Homozygous SCNT-hESCs (homo-SCNT-hESCs) were used to simplify the clinical application and to reduce HLA mismatch. Here, we present a xeno-free protocol that confirms the efficient generation of neural precursor cells in hPSCs and also the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons. Additionally, there was no difference when comparing the HLA expression patterns of hESC, homo-SCNT-hESCs and hetero-SCNT-hESCs. We propose that there are no differences in the differentiation capacity and HLA expression among hPSCs that can be cultured in vitro. Thus, it is expected that homo-SCNT-hESCs will possess a wider range of applications when transplanted with neural precursor cells in the context of clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Saem Lee
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeoung Eun Lee
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Shin-Hye Yu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Paeanbiotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taehoon Chun
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Yoon Chang
- Department of Premedicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Carlier S, Depuydt E, Van Hecke L, Martens A, Saunders J, Spaas JH. Safety assessment of equine allogeneic tenogenic primed mesenchymal stem cells in horses with naturally occurring tendon and ligament injuries. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1282697. [PMID: 38468694 PMCID: PMC10925754 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1282697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells provide a valuable treatment option in orthopedic injuries in horses. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological, biochemical, immunological and immunomodulatory parameters following intralesional treatment with tenogenic primed equine allogeneic peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (tpMSCs) in client-owned horses with naturally occurring superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and suspensory ligament (SL) injuries. Methods The immunogenicity and immunomodulatory capacities of tpMSCs were assessed in a modified mixed lymphocyte reaction, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 14 horses with SDFT and SL injuries after treatment with tpMSCs. In a second study, 18 horses with SDFT and SL injuries received either an intralesional injection with tpMSCs (n = 9) or no treatment (n = 9). Results The tpMSCs did not provoke a cellular immune response (p < 0.001) and were able to immunomodulate stimulated T lymphocytes (p < 0.001) in vitro. Therapeutic use of tpMSCs did not result in relevant hematologic or biochemical abnormalities. Main limitations Both studies had a small sample size. No statistical analyses were performed in the second study. Fibrinogen was only analyzed in a single horse prior to treatment. Conclusion Co-incubation of tpMSCs and PBMCs of horses that have been previously exposed to tpMSCs did not elicit a cellular immune response and tpMSCs were able to immunomodulate stimulated T lymphocytes. Intralesional treatment with tpMSCs did not provoke abnormal changes in hematological and biochemical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Carlier
- Stephanie Carlier, Kortrijk, Belgium
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Anaesthesia and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Eva Depuydt
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
| | - Lore Van Hecke
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
| | - Ann Martens
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Anaesthesia and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jimmy Saunders
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jan H. Spaas
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA, Athens, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kawamoto H, Masuda K. Trends in cell medicine: from autologous cells to allogeneic universal-use cells for adoptive T-cell therapies. Int Immunol 2024; 36:65-73. [PMID: 38189591 PMCID: PMC10872703 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In currently ongoing adoptive T-cell therapies, T cells collected from patients are given back to them after ex vivo activation and expansion. In some cases, T cells are transduced with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T-cell receptor (TCR) genes during the ex vivo culture period in order to endow T cells with the desired antigen specificity. Although such strategies are effective in some types of cancer, there remain issues to be solved: (i) the limited number of cells, (ii) it is time-consuming, (iii) it is costly, and (iv) the quality can be unstable. Points (ii) and (iv) can be solved by preparing allogeneic T cells and cryopreserving them in advance and methods are being developed using healthy donor-derived T cells or pluripotent stem cells as materials. Whereas it is difficult to solve (i) and (iii) in the former case, all the issues can be cleared in the latter case. However, in either case, a new problem arises: rejection by the patient's immune system. Deletion of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) avoids rejection by recipient T cells, but causes rejection by NK cells, which can recognize loss of HLA class I. Various countermeasures have been developed, but no definitive solution is yet available. Therefore, further research and development are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immunology, International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kyoko Masuda
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pizzato HA, Alonso-Guallart P, Woods J, Connelly JP, Fehniger TA, Atkinson JP, Pruett-Miller SM, Monsma FJ, Bhattacharya D. Engineering human pluripotent stem cell lines to evade xenogeneic transplantation barriers. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:299-313. [PMID: 38215755 PMCID: PMC10874864 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful allogeneic human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived therapies must overcome immunological rejection by the recipient. To build reagents to define these barriers, we genetically ablated β2M, TAP1, CIITA, CD74, MICA, and MICB to limit expression of HLA-I, HLA-II, and natural killer (NK) cell activating ligands in hPSCs. Transplantation of these cells that also expressed covalent single chain trimers of Qa1 and H2-Kb to inhibit NK cells and CD55, Crry, and CD59 to inhibit complement deposition led to persistent teratomas in wild-type mice. Transplantation of HLA-deficient hPSCs into mice genetically deficient in complement and depleted of NK cells also led to persistent teratomas. Thus, T cell, NK cell, and complement evasion are necessary to prevent immunological rejection of hPSCs and their progeny. These cells and versions expressing human orthologs of immune evasion factors can be used to define cell type-specific immune barriers and conduct preclinical testing in immunocompetent mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Pizzato
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - James Woods
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Jon P Connelly
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John P Atkinson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Frederick J Monsma
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Deepta Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Cell therapy holds great promise for regenerative treatment of disease. Despite recent breakthroughs in clinical research, applications of cell therapies to the injured brain have not yielded the desired results. We pinpoint current limitations and suggest five principles to advance stem cell therapies for brain regeneration. While we focus on cell therapy for stroke, all principles also apply for other brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Seo J, Saha S, Brown ME. The past, present, and future promise of pluripotent stem cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22-23:100077. [PMID: 38706532 PMCID: PMC11065261 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2024.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew E. Brown
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, United States
| |
Collapse
|