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Sánchez-Ortega M, Garrido A, Cirauqui C, Sanz-Gonzalez L, Hernández MC, González-García A, Obregon K, Ferrer I, Paz-Ares L, Carrera AC. A potential therapeutic strategy based on acute oxidative stress induction for wild-type NRF2/KEAP1 lung squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103305. [PMID: 39137583 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive efforts have been conducted in the search for new targetable drivers of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC); to date, however, candidates remain mostly unsuccessful. One of the oncogenic pathways frequently found to be active in LUSC is NFE2L2 (NRF2 transcription factor), the levels of which are regulated by KEAP1. Mutations in NFE2L2 or KEAP1 trigger NRF2 activation, an essential protector against reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that the frequency of NRF2 activation in LUSC (∼35 %) may reflect a sensitivity of LUSC to ROS. Results from this study reveal that whereas tumors containing active forms of NRF2 were protected, ROS induction in wild-type NFE2L2/KEAP1 LUSC cells triggered ferroptosis. The mechanism of ROS action in normal-NRF2 LUSC cells involved transient NRF2 activation, miR-126-3p/miR-126-5p upregulation, and reduction of p85β and SETD5 levels. SETD5 levels reduction triggered pentose pathway gene levels increase to toxic values. Simultaneous depletion of p85βPI3K and SETD5 triggered LUSC cell death, while p85βPI3K and SETD5 overexpression rescued survival of ROS-treated normal-NRF2 LUSC cells. This shows that the cascade involving NRF2 > miR-126-3p, miR-126-5p > p85βPI3K and SETD5 is responsible for ROS-induced cell death in normal-NRF2 LUSC. Transient ROS-induced cell death is shown in 3D spheroids, patient-derived organoids, and in xenografts of wild-type NFE2L2/KEAP1 LUSC cells, supporting the potential of acute local ROS induction as a therapeutic strategy for LUSC patients with normal-NRF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez-Ortega
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - A Garrido
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain; Department of Biosciences, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, E-28670, Spain.
| | - C Cirauqui
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - L Sanz-Gonzalez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - M C Hernández
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - A González-García
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - K Obregon
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - I Ferrer
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - L Paz-Ares
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - A C Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
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Maino E, Scott O, Rizvi SZ, Chan WS, Visuvanathan S, Zablah YB, Li H, Sengar AS, Salter MW, Jia Z, Rossant J, Cohn RD, Gu B, Ivakine EA. An Irak1-Mecp2 tandem duplication mouse model for the study of MECP2 duplication syndrome. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050528. [PMID: 38881329 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by tandem duplication of the MECP2 locus and its surrounding genes, including IRAK1. Current MDS mouse models involve transgenic expression of MECP2 only, limiting their applicability to the study of the disease. Herein, we show that an efficient and precise CRISPR/Cas9 fusion proximity-based approach can be utilized to generate an Irak1-Mecp2 tandem duplication mouse model ('Mecp2 Dup'). The Mecp2 Dup mouse model recapitulates the genomic landscape of human MDS by harboring a 160 kb tandem duplication encompassing Mecp2 and Irak1, representing the minimal disease-causing duplication, and the neighboring genes Opn1mw and Tex28. The Mecp2 Dup model exhibits neuro-behavioral abnormalities, and an abnormal immune response to infection not previously observed in other mouse models, possibly owing to Irak1 overexpression. The Mecp2 Dup model thus provides a tool to investigate MDS disease mechanisms and develop potential therapies applicable to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Maino
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ori Scott
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, the Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada
| | - Samar Z Rizvi
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wing Suen Chan
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Shagana Visuvanathan
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Youssif Ben Zablah
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hongbin Li
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ameet S Sengar
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Michael W Salter
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Zhengping Jia
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Janet Rossant
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ronald D Cohn
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, the Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, the Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Evgueni A Ivakine
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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3
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Burnett LE, Koppensteiner P, Symonova O, Masson T, Vega-Zuniga T, Contreras X, Rülicke T, Shigemoto R, Novarino G, Joesch M. Shared behavioural impairments in visual perception and place avoidance across different autism models are driven by periaqueductal grey hypoexcitability in Setd5 haploinsufficient mice. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002668. [PMID: 38857283 PMCID: PMC11216578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the diverse genetic origins of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), affected individuals share strikingly similar and correlated behavioural traits that include perceptual and sensory processing challenges. Notably, the severity of these sensory symptoms is often predictive of the expression of other autistic traits. However, the origin of these perceptual deficits remains largely elusive. Here, we show a recurrent impairment in visual threat perception that is similarly impaired in 3 independent mouse models of ASD with different molecular aetiologies. Interestingly, this deficit is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening environments-a nonperceptual trait. Focusing on a common cause of ASDs, the Setd5 gene mutation, we define the molecular mechanism. We show that the perceptual impairment is caused by a potassium channel (Kv1)-mediated hypoexcitability in a subcortical node essential for the initiation of escape responses, the dorsal periaqueductal grey (dPAG). Targeted pharmacological Kv1 blockade rescued both perceptual and place avoidance deficits, causally linking seemingly unrelated trait deficits to the dPAG. Furthermore, we show that different molecular mechanisms converge on similar behavioural phenotypes by demonstrating that the autism models Cul3 and Ptchd1, despite having similar behavioural phenotypes, differ in their functional and molecular alteration. Our findings reveal a link between rapid perception controlled by subcortical pathways and appropriate learned interactions with the environment and define a nondevelopmental source of such deficits in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Burnett
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Olga Symonova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tomás Masson
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tomas Vega-Zuniga
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Ximena Contreras
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ryuichi Shigemoto
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Gaia Novarino
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Maximilian Joesch
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Ju J, Li X, Pan Y, Du J, Yang X, Men S, Liu B, Zhang Z, Zhong H, Mai J, Wang Y, Hou ST. Adenosine mediates the amelioration of social novelty deficits during rhythmic light treatment of 16p11.2 deletion female mice. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02596-4. [PMID: 38740879 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown beneficial effects. Recently, we and others demonstrated that visual sensory stimulation using rhythmic 40 Hz light flicker effectively improved cognitive deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and stroke. However, whether rhythmic visual 40 Hz light flicker stimulation can ameliorate behavioral deficits in ASD remains unknown. Here, we show that 16p11.2 deletion female mice exhibit a strong social novelty deficit, which was ameliorated by treatment with a long-term 40 Hz light stimulation. The elevated power of local-field potential (LFP) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of 16p11.2 deletion female mice was also effectively reduced by 40 Hz light treatment. Importantly, the 40 Hz light flicker reversed the excessive excitatory neurotransmission of PFC pyramidal neurons without altering the firing rate and the number of resident PFC neurons. Mechanistically, 40 Hz light flicker evoked adenosine release in the PFC to modulate excessive excitatory neurotransmission of 16p11.2 deletion female mice. Elevated adenosine functioned through its cognate A1 receptor (A1R) to suppress excessive excitatory neurotransmission and to alleviate social novelty deficits. Indeed, either blocking the A1R using a specific antagonist DPCPX or knocking down the A1R in the PFC using a shRNA completely ablated the beneficial effects of 40 Hz light flicker. Thus, this study identified adenosine as a novel neurochemical mediator for ameliorating social novelty deficit by reducing excitatory neurotransmission during 40 Hz light flicker treatment. The 40 Hz light stimulation warrants further development as a non-invasive ASD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ju
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xuanyi Li
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yifan Pan
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jun Du
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siqi Men
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Haolin Zhong
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinyuan Mai
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yizheng Wang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sheng-Tao Hou
- Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
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5
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Pérez-Sisqués L, Bhatt SU, Matuleviciute R, Gileadi TE, Kramar E, Graham A, Garcia FG, Keiser A, Matheos DP, Cain JA, Pittman AM, Andreae LC, Fernandes C, Wood MA, Giese KP, Basson MA. The Intellectual Disability Risk Gene Kdm5b Regulates Long-Term Memory Consolidation in the Hippocampus. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1544232024. [PMID: 38575342 PMCID: PMC11079963 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1544-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The histone lysine demethylase KDM5B is implicated in recessive intellectual disability disorders, and heterozygous, protein-truncating variants in KDM5B are associated with reduced cognitive function in the population. The KDM5 family of lysine demethylases has developmental and homeostatic functions in the brain, some of which appear to be independent of lysine demethylase activity. To determine the functions of KDM5B in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, we first studied male and female mice homozygous for a Kdm5b Δ ARID allele that lacks demethylase activity. Kdm5b Δ ARID/ Δ ARID mice exhibited hyperactivity and long-term memory deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning tasks. The expression of immediate early, activity-dependent genes was downregulated in these mice and hyperactivated upon a learning stimulus compared with wild-type (WT) mice. A number of other learning-associated genes were also significantly dysregulated in the Kdm5b Δ ARID/ Δ ARID hippocampus. Next, we knocked down Kdm5b specifically in the adult, WT mouse hippocampus with shRNA. Kdm5b knockdown resulted in spontaneous seizures, hyperactivity, and hippocampus-dependent long-term memory and long-term potentiation deficits. These findings identify KDM5B as a critical regulator of gene expression and synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus and suggest that at least some of the cognitive phenotypes associated with KDM5B gene variants are caused by direct effects on memory consolidation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Shail U Bhatt
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Rugile Matuleviciute
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Talia E Gileadi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Eniko Kramar
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, California 92697
| | - Andrew Graham
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Franklin G Garcia
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, California 92697
| | - Ashley Keiser
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, California 92697
| | - Dina P Matheos
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, California 92697
| | - James A Cain
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Alan M Pittman
- St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C Andreae
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Cathy Fernandes
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo A Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, California 92697
| | - K Peter Giese
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - M Albert Basson
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Hatherly Laboratories, Exeter EX4 4PS, United Kingdom
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6
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Sun W, Justice I, Green EM. Defining Biological and Biochemical Functions of Noncanonical SET Domain Proteins. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168318. [PMID: 37863247 PMCID: PMC10957327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Within the SET domain superfamily of lysine methyltransferases, there is a well-conserved subfamily, frequently referred to as the Set3 SET domain subfamily, which contain noncanonical SET domains carrying divergent amino acid sequences. These proteins are implicated in diverse biological processes including stress responses, cell differentiation, and development, and their disruption is linked to diseases including cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders. Interestingly, biochemical and structural analysis indicates that they do not possess catalytic methyltransferase activity. At the molecular level, Set3 SET domain proteins appear to play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression, particularly repression and heterochromatin maintenance, and in some cases, via scaffolding other histone modifying activities at chromatin. Here, we explore the common and unique functions among Set3 SET domain subfamily proteins and analyze what is known about the specific contribution of the conserved SET domain to functional roles of these proteins, as well as propose areas of investigation to improve understanding of this important, noncanonical subfamily of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winny Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States
| | - Isabella Justice
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States
| | - Erin M Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
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7
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Dangoni GD, Teixeira ACB, da Costa SS, Scliar MO, Carvalho LML, Silva LN, Novak EM, Vince CSC, Maschietto MC, Sugayama SMM, Odone-Filho V, Krepischi ACV. Germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes among pediatric patients with cancer and congenital anomalies. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1346-1355. [PMID: 38182823 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-03000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer has a poorly known etiology, and investigating the underlying genetic background may provide novel insights. A recognized association exists between non-chromosomal birth defects and childhood cancer susceptibility. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray analysis in a cohort of childhood cancer (22 individuals, 50% with congenital anomalies) to unravel deleterious germline variants. RESULTS A diagnostic yield of 14% was found, encompassing heterozygous variants in bona fide dominant Cancer Predisposition Genes (CPGs). Considering candidate and recessive CPGs harboring monoallelic variants, which were also deemed to play a role in the phenotype, the yield escalated to 45%. Most of the deleterious variants were mapped in genes not conventionally linked to the patient's tumor type. Relevant findings were detected in 55% of the syndromic individuals, mostly variants potentially underlying both phenotypes. CONCLUSION We uncovered a remarkable prevalence of germline deleterious CPG variants, highlighting the significance of a comprehensive genetic analysis in pediatric cancer, especially when coupled with additional clinical signs. Moreover, our findings emphasized the potential for oligogenic inheritance, wherein multiple genes synergistically increase cancer risk. Lastly, our investigation unveiled potentially novel genotype-phenotype associations, such as SETD5 in neuroblastoma, KAT6A in gliomas, JAG1 in hepatoblastomas, and TNFRSF13B in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. IMPACT Novel gene-phenotype associations and candidate genes for pediatric cancer were unraveled, such as KAT6A in gliomas, SETD5 in neuroblastoma, JAG1 in hepatoblastomas, and TNFRSF13B in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Our analysis revealed a high frequency of deleterious germline variants, particularly in cases accompanied by additional clinical signs, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive genetic evaluation in childhood cancer. Our findings also underscored the potential for oligogenic inheritance in pediatric cancer risk. Understanding the cancer etiology is crucial for genetic counseling, often influencing therapeutic decisions and offering valuable insights into molecular targets for the development of oncological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo D Dangoni
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline B Teixeira
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia S da Costa
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marília O Scliar
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura M L Carvalho
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana N Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infantil (ITACI), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Estela M Novak
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infantil (ITACI), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sofia M M Sugayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infantil (ITACI), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vicente Odone-Filho
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infantil (ITACI), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina V Krepischi
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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8
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Nakamura T, Yoshihara T, Tanegashima C, Kadota M, Kobayashi Y, Honda K, Ishiwata M, Ueda J, Hara T, Nakanishi M, Takumi T, Itohara S, Kuraku S, Asano M, Kasahara T, Nakajima K, Tsuboi T, Takata A, Kato T. Transcriptomic dysregulation and autistic-like behaviors in Kmt2c haploinsufficient mice rescued by an LSD1 inhibitor. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02479-8. [PMID: 38528071 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have consistently demonstrated that the regulation of chromatin and gene transcription plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. Among many genes involved in these pathways, KMT2C, encoding one of the six known histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases in humans and rodents, was identified as a gene whose heterozygous loss-of-function variants are causally associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the Kleefstra syndrome phenotypic spectrum. However, little is known about how KMT2C haploinsufficiency causes neurodevelopmental deficits and how these conditions can be treated. To address this, we developed and analyzed genetically engineered mice with a heterozygous frameshift mutation of Kmt2c (Kmt2c+/fs mice) as a disease model with high etiological validity. In a series of behavioral analyses, the mutant mice exhibit autistic-like behaviors such as impairments in sociality, flexibility, and working memory, demonstrating their face validity as an ASD model. To investigate the molecular basis of the observed abnormalities, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of their bulk adult brains and found that ASD risk genes were specifically enriched in the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whereas KMT2C peaks detected by ChIP-seq were significantly co-localized with the downregulated genes, suggesting an important role of putative indirect effects of Kmt2c haploinsufficiency. We further performed single-cell RNA sequencing of newborn mouse brains to obtain cell type-resolved insights at an earlier stage. By integrating findings from ASD exome sequencing, genome-wide association, and postmortem brain studies to characterize DEGs in each cell cluster, we found strong ASD-associated transcriptomic changes in radial glia and immature neurons with no obvious bias toward upregulated or downregulated DEGs. On the other hand, there was no significant gross change in the cellular composition. Lastly, we explored potential therapeutic agents and demonstrate that vafidemstat, a lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor that was effective in other models of neuropsychiatric/neurodevelopmental disorders, ameliorates impairments in sociality but not working memory in adult Kmt2c+/fs mice. Intriguingly, the administration of vafidemstat was shown to alter the vast majority of DEGs in the direction to normalize the transcriptomic abnormalities in the mutant mice (94.3 and 82.5% of the significant upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively, P < 2.2 × 10-16, binomial test), which could be the molecular mechanism underlying the behavioral rescuing. In summary, our study expands the repertoire of ASD models with high etiological and face validity, elucidates the cell-type resolved molecular alterations due to Kmt2c haploinsufficiency, and demonstrates the efficacy of an LSD1 inhibitor that might be generalizable to multiple categories of psychiatric disorders along with a better understanding of its presumed mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakamura
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshihara
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tanegashima
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Kadota
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kurara Honda
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ishiwata
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junko Ueda
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hara
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Moe Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Mental Biology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanism of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Takumi
- Laboratory for Mental Biology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Hyogo, Japan
- Molecular Life History Laboratory, Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masahide Asano
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kazuo Nakajima
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takata
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
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9
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Arecco N, Mocavini I, Blanco E, Ballaré C, Libman E, Bonnal S, Irimia M, Di Croce L. Alternative splicing decouples local from global PRC2 activity. Mol Cell 2024; 84:1049-1061.e8. [PMID: 38452766 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) mediates epigenetic maintenance of gene silencing in eukaryotes via methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27). Accessory factors define two distinct subtypes, PRC2.1 and PRC2.2, with different actions and chromatin-targeting mechanisms. The mechanisms orchestrating PRC2 assembly are not fully understood. Here, we report that alternative splicing (AS) of PRC2 core component SUZ12 generates an uncharacterized isoform SUZ12-S, which co-exists with the canonical SUZ12-L isoform in virtually all tissues and developmental stages. SUZ12-S drives PRC2.1 formation and favors PRC2 dimerization. While SUZ12-S is necessary and sufficient for the repression of target genes via promoter-proximal H3K27me3 deposition, SUZ12-L maintains global H3K27 methylation levels. Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) lacking either isoform exit pluripotency more slowly and fail to acquire neuronal cell identity. Our findings reveal a physiological mechanism regulating PRC2 assembly and higher-order interactions in eutherians, with impacts on H3K27 methylation and gene repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Arecco
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Ivano Mocavini
- Genome Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Genome Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ballaré
- Genome Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Elina Libman
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Sophie Bonnal
- Genome Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luciano Di Croce
- Genome Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Asghari Sarfaraz A, Jabbarpour N, Bonyadi M, Khalaj-Kondory M. Identification and bioinformatics analysis of a novel variant in the HERC2 gene in a patient with intellectual developmental disorder. J Neurogenet 2024; 38:19-25. [PMID: 38884635 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2024.2365634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
HERC2-associated neurodevelopmental-disorders(NDD) encompass a cluster of medical conditions that arise from genetic mutations occurring within the HERC2 gene. These disorders can manifest a spectrum of symptoms that impact the brain and nervous system, including delayed psychomotor development, severe mental retardation, seizures and autistic features. Whole-Exome-Sequencing(WES) was performed on a ten-year-old male patient referred to the genetic center for genetic analysis. Blood samples were collected from the proband, his parents, and his sister to extract DNA. PCR-Sanger-sequencing was utilized to validate the findings obtained from WES. In order to obtain a more thorough understanding of the impact of the mutation, an extensive analysis was conducted using bioinformatics tools. WES data analysis identified a homozygous single nucleotide change(C > T) at position c14215 located in exon ninety-two of the HERC2 gene (NC_000015.10(NM_004667.6):c.14215C > T). The absence of this mutation among our cohort composed of four hundred normal healthy adults from the same ethnic group, and its absence in any other population database, confirms the pathogenicity of the mutation. This study revealed that the substitution of arginine with a stop codon within the Hect domain caused a premature stop codon at position 4739(p.Arg4739Ter). This mutation significantly results in the production of a truncated HERC2 protein with an incomplete HECT domain. In the final stage of ubiquitin attachment, HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases play a catalytic role by creating a thiolester intermediate using their conserved catalytic cysteine (Cys4762). This intermediate is formed before ubiquitin is transferred to a substrate protein. The truncation of the HERC2 protein is expected to disrupt its ability to perform this function, which could potentially hinder important regulatory processes related to the development and maintenance of synapses. The identification of a novel pathogenic variant, NC_000015.10(NM_004667.6):c.14215C > T, located within the ninety-two exon of the HERC2 gene, is notable for its association with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern in cases of Intellectual Developmental Disorder(IDD). In the end, this variant could potentially play a part in the underlying mechanisms leading to the onset of intellectual developmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asal Asghari Sarfaraz
- Animal Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Jabbarpour
- Animal Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Bonyadi
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Lomeli C. S, Kristin B. A. Epigenetic regulation of craniofacial development and disease. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2271. [PMID: 37964651 PMCID: PMC10872612 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The formation of the craniofacial complex relies on proper neural crest development. The gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and signaling pathways orchestrating this process have been extensively studied. These GRNs and signaling cascades are tightly regulated as alterations to any stage of neural crest development can lead to common congenital birth defects, including multiple syndromes affecting facial morphology as well as nonsyndromic facial defects, such as cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Epigenetic factors add a hierarchy to the regulation of transcriptional networks and influence the spatiotemporal activation or repression of specific gene regulatory cascades; however less is known about their exact mechanisms in controlling precise gene regulation. AIMS In this review, we discuss the role of epigenetic factors during neural crest development, specifically during craniofacial development and how compromised activities of these regulators contribute to congenital defects that affect the craniofacial complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shull Lomeli C.
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Artinger Kristin B.
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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12
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Di Gesù CM, Buffington SA. The early life exposome and autism risk: a role for the maternal microbiome? Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2385117. [PMID: 39120056 PMCID: PMC11318715 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2385117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heritable, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by clinical presentation of atypical social, communicative, and repetitive behaviors. Over the past 25 years, hundreds of ASD risk genes have been identified. Many converge on key molecular pathways, from translational control to those regulating synaptic structure and function. Despite these advances, therapeutic approaches remain elusive. Emerging data unearthing the relationship between genetics, microbes, and immunity in ASD suggest an integrative physiology approach could be paramount to delivering therapeutic breakthroughs. Indeed, the advent of large-scale multi-OMIC data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation is yielding an increasingly mechanistic understanding of ASD and underlying risk factors, revealing how genetic susceptibility interacts with microbial genetics, metabolism, epigenetic (re)programming, and immunity to influence neurodevelopment and behavioral outcomes. It is now possible to foresee exciting advancements in the treatment of some forms of ASD that could markedly improve quality of life and productivity for autistic individuals. Here, we highlight recent work revealing how gene X maternal exposome interactions influence risk for ASD, with emphasis on the intrauterine environment and fetal neurodevelopment, host-microbe interactions, and the evolving therapeutic landscape for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M. Di Gesù
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shelly A. Buffington
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Cho HI, Jo S, Kim MS, Kim HB, Liu X, Xuan Y, Cho JW, Jang YK. SETD5 regulates the OGT-catalyzed O-GlcNAcylation of RNA polymerase II, which is involved in the stemness of colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19885. [PMID: 37963940 PMCID: PMC10646014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The dosage-dependent recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at the promoters of genes related to neurodevelopment and stem cell maintenance is required for transcription by the fine-tuned expression of SET-domain-containing protein 5 (SETD5). Pol II O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is critical for preinitiation complex formation and transcription cycling. SETD5 dysregulation has been linked to stem cell-like properties in some cancer types; however, the role of SETD5 in cancer cell stemness has not yet been determined. We here show that aberrant SETD5 overexpression induces stemness in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. SETD5 overexpression causes the upregulation of PI3K-AKT pathway-related genes and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers such as CD133, Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and estrogen-related receptor beta (ESRRB), leading to the gain of stem cell-like phenotypes. Our findings also revealed a functional relationship between SETD5, OGT, and Pol II. OGT-catalyzed Pol II glycosylation depends on SETD5, and the SETD5-Pol II interaction weakens in OGT-depleted cells, suggesting a SETD5-OGT-Pol II interdependence. SETD5 deficiency reduces Pol II occupancy at PI3K-AKT pathway-related genes and CD133 promoters, suggesting a role for SETD5-mediated Pol II recruitment in gene regulation. Moreover, the SETD5 depletion nullified the SETD5-induced stemness of CRC cells and Pol II O-GlcNAcylation. These findings support the hypothesis that SETD5 mediates OGT-catalyzed O-GlcNAcylation of RNA Pol II, which is involved in cancer cell stemness gain via CSC marker gene upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye In Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Initiative for Biological Function & Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Jo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Initiative for Biological Function & Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xingzhe Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, No.977, Gongyuan Road, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Yanhua Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, No.977, Gongyuan Road, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeun Kyu Jang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Initiative for Biological Function & Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Zaghi M, Longo F, Massimino L, Rubio A, Bido S, Mazzara PG, Bellini E, Banfi F, Podini P, Maltecca F, Zippo A, Broccoli V, Sessa A. SETD5 haploinsufficiency affects mitochondrial compartment in neural cells. Mol Autism 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 37264456 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are heterogeneous conditions due to alterations of a variety of molecular mechanisms and cell dysfunctions. SETD5 haploinsufficiency leads to NDDs due to chromatin defects. Epigenetic basis of NDDs has been reported in an increasing number of cases while mitochondrial dysfunctions are more common within NDD patients than in the general population. METHODS We investigated in vitro neural stem cells as well as the brain of the Setd5 haploinsufficiency mouse model interrogating its transcriptome, analyzing mitochondrial structure, biochemical composition, and dynamics, as well as mitochondrial functionality. RESULTS Mitochondrial impairment is facilitated by transcriptional aberrations originated by the decrease of the SETD5 enzyme. Low levels of SETD5 resulted in fragmented mitochondria, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP production both in neural precursors and neurons. Mitochondria were also mislocalized in mutant neurons, with reduced organelles within neurites and synapses. LIMITATIONS We found several defects in the mitochondrial compartment; however, we can only speculate about their position in the hierarchy of the pathological mechanisms at the basis of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Our study explores the interplay between chromatin regulation and mitochondria functions as a possible important aspect of SETD5-associated NDD pathophysiology. Our data, if confirmed in patient context, suggest that the mitochondrial activity and dynamics may represent new therapeutic targets for disorders associated with the loss of SETD5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Zaghi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiana Longo
- Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Neurodegeneration Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- University California, Irvine, USA
| | - Luca Massimino
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alicia Rubio
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bido
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Giuseppe Mazzara
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Banfi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Podini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, INSPE, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Maltecca
- Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Neurodegeneration Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Zippo
- Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Leung CS, Rosenzweig SJ, Yoon B, Marinelli NA, Hollingsworth EW, Maguire AM, Cowen MH, Schmidt M, Imitola J, Gamsiz Uzun ED, Lizarraga SB. Dysregulation of the chromatin environment leads to differential alternative splicing as a mechanism of disease in a human model of autism spectrum disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:1634-1646. [PMID: 36621967 PMCID: PMC10162432 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 44 children. Chromatin regulatory proteins are overrepresented among genes that contain high risk variants in ASD. Disruption of the chromatin environment leads to widespread dysregulation of gene expression, which is traditionally thought of as a mechanism of disease pathogenesis associated with ASD. Alternatively, alterations in chromatin dynamics could also lead to dysregulation of alternative splicing, which is understudied as a mechanism of ASD pathogenesis. The anticonvulsant valproic acid (VPA) is a well-known environmental risk factor for ASD that acts as a class I histone deacetylase inhibitor. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying defects in human neuronal development associated with exposure to VPA are understudied. To dissect how VPA exposure and subsequent chromatin hyperacetylation influence molecular signatures involved in ASD pathogenesis, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in human cortical neurons that were treated with VPA. We observed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched for mRNA splicing, mRNA processing, histone modification and metabolism related gene sets. Furthermore, we observed widespread increases in the number and the type of alternative splicing events. Analysis of differential transcript usage (DTU) showed that exposure to VPA induces extensive alterations in transcript isoform usage across neurodevelopmentally important genes. Finally, we find that DEGs and genes that display DTU overlap with known ASD-risk genes. Altogether, these findings suggest that, in addition to differential gene expression, changes in alternative splicing correlated with alterations in the chromatin environment could act as an additional mechanism of disease in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin S Leung
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Shoshana J Rosenzweig
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Academic Medical Center, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Brian Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nicholas A Marinelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ethan W Hollingsworth
- UCONN Health Comprehensive Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Abbie M Maguire
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mara H Cowen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Jaime Imitola
- UCONN Health Comprehensive Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ece D Gamsiz Uzun
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Academic Medical Center, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Sofia B Lizarraga
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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16
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Lackner A, Müller M, Gamperl M, Stoeva D, Langmann O, Papuchova H, Roitinger E, Dürnberger G, Imre R, Mechtler K, Latos PA. The Fgf/Erf/NCoR1/2 repressive axis controls trophoblast cell fate. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2559. [PMID: 37137875 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental development relies on coordinated cell fate decisions governed by signalling inputs. However, little is known about how signalling cues are transformed into repressive mechanisms triggering lineage-specific transcriptional signatures. Here, we demonstrate that upon inhibition of the Fgf/Erk pathway in mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), the Ets2 repressor factor (Erf) interacts with the Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor Complex 1 and 2 (NCoR1/2) and recruits it to key trophoblast genes. Genetic ablation of Erf or Tbl1x (a component of the NCoR1/2 complex) abrogates the Erf/NCoR1/2 interaction. This leads to mis-expression of Erf/NCoR1/2 target genes, resulting in a TSC differentiation defect. Mechanistically, Erf regulates expression of these genes by recruiting the NCoR1/2 complex and decommissioning their H3K27ac-dependent enhancers. Our findings uncover how the Fgf/Erf/NCoR1/2 repressive axis governs cell fate and placental development, providing a paradigm for Fgf-mediated transcriptional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lackner
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Müller
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Gamperl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Delyana Stoeva
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia Langmann
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrieta Papuchova
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Richard Imre
- Institute of Molecular Pathology, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Institute of Molecular Pathology, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paulina A Latos
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Medina E, Peterson S, Ford K, Singletary K, Peixoto L. Critical periods and Autism Spectrum Disorders, a role for sleep. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023; 14:100088. [PMID: 36632570 PMCID: PMC9826922 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development relies on both experience and genetically defined programs. Time windows where certain brain circuits are particularly receptive to external stimuli, resulting in heightened plasticity, are referred to as "critical periods". Sleep is thought to be essential for normal brain development. Importantly, studies have shown that sleep enhances critical period plasticity and promotes experience-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian brain. Therefore, normal plasticity during critical periods depends on sleep. Problems falling and staying asleep occur at a higher rate in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) relative to typical development. In this review, we explore the potential link between sleep, critical period plasticity, and ASD. First, we review the importance of critical period plasticity in typical development and the role of sleep in this process. Next, we summarize the evidence linking ASD with deficits in synaptic plasticity in rodent models of high-confidence ASD gene candidates. We then show that the high-confidence rodent models of ASD that show sleep deficits also display plasticity deficits. Given how important sleep is for critical period plasticity, it is essential to understand the connections between synaptic plasticity, sleep, and brain development in ASD. However, studies investigating sleep or plasticity during critical periods in ASD mouse models are lacking. Therefore, we highlight an urgent need to consider developmental trajectory in studies of sleep and plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Medina
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Sarah Peterson
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Ford
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Kristan Singletary
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Lucia Peixoto
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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18
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Murtaj V, Butti E, Martino G, Panina-Bordignon P. Endogenous neural stem cells characterization using omics approaches: Current knowledge in health and disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1125785. [PMID: 37091923 PMCID: PMC10113633 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1125785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs), an invaluable source of neuronal and glial progeny, have been widely interrogated in the last twenty years, mainly to understand their therapeutic potential. Most of the studies were performed with cells derived from pluripotent stem cells of either rodents or humans, and have mainly focused on their potential in regenerative medicine. High-throughput omics technologies, such as transcriptomics, epigenetics, proteomics, and metabolomics, which exploded in the past decade, represent a powerful tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms characterizing the heterogeneity of endogenous NSCs. The transition from bulk studies to single cell approaches brought significant insights by revealing complex system phenotypes, from the molecular to the organism level. Here, we will discuss the current literature that has been greatly enriched in the “omics era”, successfully exploring the nature and function of endogenous NSCs and the process of neurogenesis. Overall, the information obtained from omics studies of endogenous NSCs provides a sharper picture of NSCs function during neurodevelopment in healthy and in perturbed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Murtaj
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimmunology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Butti
- Neuroimmunology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvito Martino
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimmunology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Panina-Bordignon
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimmunology, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Panina-Bordignon
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19
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Differential Expression of microRNAs in Serum of Patients with Chronic Painful Polyneuropathy and Healthy Age-Matched Controls. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030764. [PMID: 36979743 PMCID: PMC10045018 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyneuropathies (PNP) are the most common type of disorder of the peripheral nervous system in adults. However, information on microRNA expression in PNP is lacking. Following microRNA sequencing, we compared the expression of microRNAs in the serum of patients experiencing chronic painful PNP with healthy age-matched controls. We have been able to identify four microRNAs (hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-584-5p, hsa-miR-12136, and hsa-miR-550a-3p) that provide possible molecular links between degenerative processes, blood flow regulation, and signal transduction, that eventually lead to PNP. In addition, these microRNAs are discussed regarding the targeting of proteins that are involved in high blood flow/pressure and neural activity dysregulations/disbalances, presumably resulting in PNP-typical symptoms such as chronical numbness/pain. Within our study, we have identified four microRNAs that may serve as potential novel biomarkers of chronic painful PNP, and that may potentially bear therapeutic implications.
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20
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Ritchie FD, Lizarraga SB. The role of histone methyltransferases in neurocognitive disorders associated with brain size abnormalities. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:989109. [PMID: 36845425 PMCID: PMC9950662 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.989109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain size is controlled by several factors during neuronal development, including neural progenitor proliferation, neuronal arborization, gliogenesis, cell death, and synaptogenesis. Multiple neurodevelopmental disorders have co-morbid brain size abnormalities, such as microcephaly and macrocephaly. Mutations in histone methyltransferases that modify histone H3 on Lysine 36 and Lysine 4 (H3K36 and H3K4) have been identified in neurodevelopmental disorders involving both microcephaly and macrocephaly. H3K36 and H3K4 methylation are both associated with transcriptional activation and are proposed to sterically hinder the repressive activity of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2). During neuronal development, tri-methylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3) by PRC2 leads to genome wide transcriptional repression of genes that regulate cell fate transitions and neuronal arborization. Here we provide a review of neurodevelopmental processes and disorders associated with H3K36 and H3K4 histone methyltransferases, with emphasis on processes that contribute to brain size abnormalities. Additionally, we discuss how the counteracting activities of H3K36 and H3K4 modifying enzymes vs. PRC2 could contribute to brain size abnormalities which is an underexplored mechanism in relation to brain size control.
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21
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Transition from Animal-Based to Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)-Based Models of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040538. [PMID: 36831205 PMCID: PMC9954744 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) arise from the disruption of highly coordinated mechanisms underlying brain development, which results in impaired sensory, motor and/or cognitive functions. Although rodent models have offered very relevant insights to the field, the translation of findings to clinics, particularly regarding therapeutic approaches for these diseases, remains challenging. Part of the explanation for this failure may be the genetic differences-some targets not being conserved between species-and, most importantly, the differences in regulation of gene expression. This prompts the use of human-derived models to study NDDS. The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) added a new suitable alternative to overcome species limitations, allowing for the study of human neuronal development while maintaining the genetic background of the donor patient. Several hIPSC models of NDDs already proved their worth by mimicking several pathological phenotypes found in humans. In this review, we highlight the utility of hIPSCs to pave new paths for NDD research and development of new therapeutic tools, summarize the challenges and advances of hIPSC-culture and neuronal differentiation protocols and discuss the best way to take advantage of these models, illustrating this with examples of success for some NDDs.
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22
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Möhrle D, Yuen M, Zheng A, Haddad FL, Allman BL, Schmid S. Characterizing maternal isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in a gene-environment interaction rat model for autism. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023:e12841. [PMID: 36751016 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in social communication and language development belong to the earliest diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorders. Of the many risk factors for autism spectrum disorder, the contactin-associated protein-like 2 gene, CNTNAP2, is thought to be important for language development. The present study used a rat model to investigate the potential compounding effects of autism spectrum disorder risk gene mutation and environmental challenges, including breeding conditions or maternal immune activation during pregnancy, on early vocal communication in the offspring. Maternal isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations from Cntnap2 wildtype and knockout rats at selected postnatal days were analyzed for their acoustic, temporal and syntax characteristics. Cntnap2 knockout pups from heterozygous breeding showed normal numbers and largely similar temporal structures of ultrasonic vocalizations to wildtype controls, whereas both parameters were affected in homozygously bred knockouts. Homozygous breeding further exacerbated altered pitch and transitioning between call types found in Cntnap2 knockout pups from heterozygous breeding. In contrast, the effect of maternal immune activation on the offspring's vocal communication was confined to call type syntax, but left ultrasonic vocalization acoustic and temporal organization intact. Our results support the "double-hit hypothesis" of autism spectrum disorder risk gene-environment interactions and emphasize that complex features of vocal communication are a useful tool for identifying early autistic-like features in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Möhrle
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Yuen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alice Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faraj L Haddad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian L Allman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susanne Schmid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Iwagawa T, Kawabata R, Fukushima M, Kuribayashi H, Watanabe S. Setd5, but not Setd2, is indispensable for retinal cell survival and proliferation. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:427-436. [PMID: 36349512 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) is associated with active transcription. We used mouse retinal explant cultures and shRNA to investigate the roles of Setd2 and Setd5, which encode H3K36me3 methyltransferases, in retinal development. We found that shSetd5 caused abnormal retinal structures and reduced rods and Müller cells, whereas shSetd2 did not cause any abnormalities. The mutant SETD5 lacking the SET domain failed to reverse the phenotypes observed in the shSetd5-expressing retinas, while SETD5S1257*, which does not interact with HDAC3 and PAF1 complexes, rescued proliferation, but not apoptosis, induced by shSetd5. Taken together, we found that Setd5, but not Setd2, is essential for sustaining retinal cell survival and proliferation, and the SET domain of SETD5 is pivotal for both functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Iwagawa
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawabata
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Fukushima
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuribayashi
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiko Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Nakagawa T, Hattori S, Hosoi T, Nakayama K. Neurobehavioral characteristics of mice with SETD5 mutations as models of IDD23 and KBG syndromes. Front Genet 2023; 13:1022339. [PMID: 36685966 PMCID: PMC9846138 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1022339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic analysis has revealed that the genes for various chromatin regulators are mutated in many individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), emphasizing the important role of chromatin regulation in nervous system development and function. Chromatin regulation is mediated by writers, readers, and erasers of histone and DNA modifications, with such proteins being defined by specific domains. One of these domains is the SET domain, which is present in enzymes that catalyze histone methylation. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of the SETD5 (SET domain containing 5) gene have been identified in individuals with an NDD designated IDD23 (intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 23). KBG syndrome (named after the initials of the last names of the first three families identified with the condition) is characterized by features that either overlap with or are distinct from those of IDD23 and was initially thought to be caused only by mutations in the ANKRD11 (ankyrin repeat domain containing 11) gene. However, recent studies have identified SETD5 mutations in some KBG syndrome patients without ANKRD11 mutations. Here we summarize the neurobehavioral characterization of Setd5 +/- mice performed by four independent research groups, compare IDD23 and KBG phenotypes, and address the utility and future development of mouse models for elucidation of the mechanisms underlying NDD pathogenesis, with a focus on SETD5 and its related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda, Japan,Division of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan,*Correspondence: Tadashi Nakagawa, ; Keiko Nakayama,
| | - Satoko Hattori
- Research Creation Support Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toru Hosoi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan,*Correspondence: Tadashi Nakagawa, ; Keiko Nakayama,
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25
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Li M, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Huang T, Sun A, Shao G, Lin Q. Structure, activity and function of the lysine methyltransferase SETD5. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1089527. [PMID: 36875494 PMCID: PMC9982096 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1089527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
SET domain-containing 5 (SETD5) is an uncharacterized member of the protein lysine methyltransferase family and is best known for its transcription machinery by methylating histone H3 on lysine 36 (H3K36). These well-characterized functions of SETD5 are transcription regulation, euchromatin formation, and RNA elongation and splicing. SETD5 is frequently mutated and hyperactive in both human neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer, and could be down-regulated by degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, but the biochemical mechanisms underlying such dysregulation are rarely understood. Herein, we provide an update on the particularities of SETD5 enzymatic activity and substrate specificity concerning its biological importance, as well as its molecular and cellular impact on normal physiology and disease, with potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiong Lin
- *Correspondence: Genbao Shao, ; Qiong Lin,
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26
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Araya P, Kinning KT, Coughlan C, Smith KP, Granrath RE, Enriquez-Estrada BA, Worek K, Sullivan KD, Rachubinski AL, Wolter-Warmerdam K, Hickey F, Galbraith MD, Potter H, Espinosa JM. IGF1 deficiency integrates stunted growth and neurodegeneration in Down syndrome. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111883. [PMID: 36577365 PMCID: PMC9876612 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), the genetic condition caused by trisomy 21 (T21), is characterized by stunted growth, cognitive impairment, and increased risk of diverse neurological conditions. Although signs of lifelong neurodegeneration are well documented in DS, the mechanisms underlying this phenotype await elucidation. Here we report a multi-omics analysis of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation biomarkers, plasma proteomics, and immune profiling in a diverse cohort of more than 400 research participants. We identified depletion of insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1), a master regulator of growth and brain development, as the top biosignature associated with neurodegeneration in DS. Individuals with T21 display chronic IGF1 deficiency downstream of growth hormone production, associated with a specific inflammatory profile involving elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Shorter children with DS show stronger IGF1 deficiency, elevated biomarkers of neurodegeneration, and increased prevalence of autism and other conditions. These results point to disruption of IGF1 signaling as a potential contributor to stunted growth and neurodegeneration in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Araya
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kohl T Kinning
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christina Coughlan
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Keith P Smith
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ross E Granrath
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Belinda A Enriquez-Estrada
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kayleigh Worek
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kelly D Sullivan
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angela L Rachubinski
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Section of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine Wolter-Warmerdam
- Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francis Hickey
- Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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27
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CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Inactivation of the Autism-Risk Gene setd5 Leads to Social Impairments in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010167. [PMID: 36613611 PMCID: PMC9820161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the SETD5 gene, encoding a SET domain-containing histone methyltransferase, has been identified as a cause of intellectual disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Recently, the zebrafish has emerged as a valuable model to study neurodevelopmental disorders because of its genetic tractability, robust behavioral traits and amenability to high-throughput drug screening. To model human SETD5 haploinsufficiency, we generated zebrafish setd5 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology and characterized their morphological, behavioral and molecular phenotypes. According to our observation that setd5 is expressed in adult zebrafish brain, including those areas controlling social behavior, we found that setd5 heterozygous mutants exhibit defective aggregation and coordination abilities required for shoaling interactions, as well as indifference to social stimuli. Interestingly, impairment in social interest is rescued by risperidone, an antipsychotic drug used to treat behavioral traits in ASD individuals. The molecular analysis underscored the downregulation of genes encoding proteins involved in the synaptic structure and function in the adult brain, thus suggesting that brain hypo-connectivity could be responsible for the social impairments of setd5 mutant fishes. The zebrafish setd5 mutants display ASD-like features and are a promising setd5 haploinsufficiency model for drug screening aimed at reversing the behavioral phenotypes.
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28
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Kelvington BA, Nickl-Jockschat T, Abel T. Neurobiological insights into twice-exceptionality: Circuits, cells, and molecules. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 195:107684. [PMID: 36174887 PMCID: PMC9888516 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Twice-exceptional learners face a unique set of challenges arising from the intersection of extraordinary talent and disability. Neurobiology research has the capacity to complement pedagogical research and provide support for twice-exceptional learners. Very few studies have attempted to specifically address the neurobiological underpinnings of twice-exceptionality. However, neurobiologists have built a broad base of knowledge in nervous system function spanning from the level of neural circuits to the molecular basis of behavior. It is known that distinct neural circuits mediate different neural functions, which suggests that 2e learning may result from enhancement in one circuit and disruption in another. Neural circuits are known to adapt and change in response to experience, a cellular process known as neuroplasticity. Plasticity is controlled by a bidirectional connection between the synapse, where neural signals are received, and the nucleus, where regulated gene expression can return to alter synaptic function. Complex molecular mechanisms compose this connection in distinct neural circuits, and genetic alterations in these mechanisms are associated with both memory enhancements and psychiatric disorder. Understanding the consequences of these changes at the molecular, cellular, and circuit levels will provide critical insights into the neurobiological bases of twice-exceptionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Kelvington
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Thomas Nickl-Jockschat
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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29
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Di Fede E, Grazioli P, Lettieri A, Parodi C, Castiglioni S, Taci E, Colombo EA, Ancona S, Priori A, Gervasini C, Massa V. Epigenetic disorders: Lessons from the animals–animal models in chromatinopathies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:979512. [PMID: 36225316 PMCID: PMC9548571 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.979512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatinopathies are defined as genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes coding for protein involved in the chromatin state balance. So far 82 human conditions have been described belonging to this group of congenital disorders, sharing some molecular features and clinical signs. For almost all of these conditions, no specific treatment is available. For better understanding the molecular cascade caused by chromatin imbalance and for envisaging possible therapeutic strategies it is fundamental to combine clinical and basic research studies. To this end, animal modelling systems represent an invaluable tool to study chromatinopathies. In this review, we focused on available data in the literature of animal models mimicking the human genetic conditions. Importantly, affected organs and abnormalities are shared in the different animal models and most of these abnormalities are reported as clinical manifestation, underlying the parallelism between clinics and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Fede
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Grazioli
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Lettieri
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Parodi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Castiglioni
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Esi Taci
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Adele Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Ancona
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- “Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- “Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Massa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- “Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valentina Massa,
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30
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Park M, Moon B, Kim JH, Park SJ, Kim SK, Park K, Kim J, Kim SY, Kim JH, Kim JA. Downregulation of SETD5 Suppresses the Tumorigenicity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Mol Cells 2022; 45:550-563. [PMID: 35950456 PMCID: PMC9385566 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive and incurable cancer. Although understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of HCC has greatly advanced, therapeutic options for the disease remain limited. In this study, we demonstrated that SETD5 expression is positively associated with poor prognosis of HCC and that SETD5 depletion decreased HCC cell proliferation and invasion while inducing cell death. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SETD5 loss downregulated the interferon-mediated inflammatory response in HCC cells. In addition, SETD5 depletion downregulated the expression of a critical glycolysis gene, PKM (pyruvate kinase M1/2), and decreased glycolysis activity in HCC cells. Finally, SETD5 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. These results collectively suggest that SETD5 is involved in the tumorigenic features of HCC cells and that targeting SETD5 may suppress HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Park
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Byul Moon
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Park
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kihyun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Korea Bioinformation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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31
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Chen J, Yen A, Florian CP, Dougherty JD. MYT1L in the making: emerging insights on functions of a neurodevelopmental disorder gene. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:292. [PMID: 35869058 PMCID: PMC9307810 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Large scale human genetic studies have shown that loss of function (LoF) mutations in MYT1L are implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here, we provide an overview of the growing number of published MYT1L patient cases, and summarize prior studies in cells, zebrafish, and mice, both to understand MYT1L's molecular and cellular role during brain development and consider how its dysfunction can lead to NDDs. We integrate the conclusions from these studies and highlight conflicting findings to reassess the current model of the role of MYT1L as a transcriptional activator and/or repressor based on the biological context. Finally, we highlight additional functional studies that are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying pathophysiology and propose key questions to guide future preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Chen
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Allen Yen
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Colin P. Florian
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Joseph D. Dougherty
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
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32
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Dougnon G, Matsui H. Modelling Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Using Mice and Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147550. [PMID: 35886894 PMCID: PMC9319972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two debilitating neurodevelopmental disorders. The former is associated with social impairments whereas the latter is associated with inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. There is recent evidence that both disorders are somehow related and that genes may play a large role in these disorders. Despite mounting human and animal research, the neurological pathways underlying ASD and ADHD are still not well understood. Scientists investigate neurodevelopmental disorders by using animal models that have high similarities in genetics and behaviours with humans. Mice have been utilized in neuroscience research as an excellent animal model for a long time; however, the zebrafish has attracted much attention recently, with an increasingly large number of studies using this model. In this review, we first discuss ASD and ADHD aetiology from a general point of view to their characteristics and treatments. We also compare mice and zebrafish for their similarities and discuss their advantages and limitations in neuroscience. Finally, we summarize the most recent and existing research on zebrafish and mouse models of ASD and ADHD. We believe that this review will serve as a unique document providing interesting information to date about these models, thus facilitating research on ASD and ADHD.
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33
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Eigenhuis KN, Somsen HB, van den Berg DLC. Transcription Pause and Escape in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:846272. [PMID: 35615272 PMCID: PMC9125161 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.846272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription pause-release is an important, highly regulated step in the control of gene expression. Modulated by various factors, it enables signal integration and fine-tuning of transcriptional responses. Mutations in regulators of pause-release have been identified in a range of neurodevelopmental disorders that have several common features affecting multiple organ systems. This review summarizes current knowledge on this novel subclass of disorders, including an overview of clinical features, mechanistic details, and insight into the relevant neurodevelopmental processes.
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34
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Li M, Qiu C, Bian Y, Shi D, Wang B, Ma Q, Wang X, Shi J, Zhang L, Ma Y, Zhu P, Cheng T, Chu Y, Yuan W. SETD5 modulates homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells by mediating RNA Polymerase II pausing in cooperation with HCF-1. Leukemia 2022; 36:1111-1122. [PMID: 34853439 PMCID: PMC8979820 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SETD5 mutations were identified as the genetic causes of neurodevelopmental disorders. While the whole-body knockout of Setd5 in mice leads to embryonic lethality, the role of SETD5 in adult stem cell remains unexplored. Here, a critical role of Setd5 in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is identified. Specific deletion of Setd5 in hematopoietic system significantly increased the number of immunophenotypic HSCs by promoting HSC proliferation. Setd5-deficient HSCs exhibited impaired long-term self-renewal capacity and multiple-lineage differentiation potentials under transplantation pressure. Transcriptome analysis of Setd5-deficient HSCs revealed a disruption of quiescence state of long-term HSCs, a cause of the exhaustion of functional HSCs. Mechanistically, SETD5 was shown to regulate HSC quiescence by mediating the release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) on E2F targets in cooperation with HCF-1 and PAF1 complex. Taken together, these findings reveal an essential role of SETD5 in regulating Pol II pausing-mediated maintenance of adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujie Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Deyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Bichen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanwu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
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35
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Pascolini G, Gnazzo M, Novelli A, Grammatico P. Clinical refinement of the
SETD5
‐associated phenotype in a child displaying novel features and
KBG
syndrome‐like appearance. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1623-1625. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pascolini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University, San Camillo‐Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Maria Gnazzo
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - Paola Grammatico
- Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University, San Camillo‐Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy
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36
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Wilson KD, Porter EG, Garcia BA. Reprogramming of the epigenome in neurodevelopmental disorders. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 57:73-112. [PMID: 34601997 PMCID: PMC9462920 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1979457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) remains a challenge for researchers. Human brain development is tightly regulated and sensitive to cellular alterations caused by endogenous or exogenous factors. Intriguingly, the surge of clinical sequencing studies has revealed that many of these disorders are monogenic and monoallelic. Notably, chromatin regulation has emerged as highly dysregulated in NDDs, with many syndromes demonstrating phenotypic overlap, such as intellectual disabilities, with one another. Here we discuss epigenetic writers, erasers, readers, remodelers, and even histones mutated in NDD patients, predicted to affect gene regulation. Moreover, this review focuses on disorders associated with mutations in enzymes involved in histone acetylation and methylation, and it highlights syndromes involving chromatin remodeling complexes. Finally, we explore recently discovered histone germline mutations and their pathogenic outcome on neurological function. Epigenetic regulators are mutated at every level of chromatin organization. Throughout this review, we discuss mechanistic investigations, as well as various animal and iPSC models of these disorders and their usefulness in determining pathomechanism and potential therapeutics. Understanding the mechanism of these mutations will illuminate common pathways between disorders. Ultimately, classifying these disorders based on their effects on the epigenome will not only aid in prognosis in patients but will aid in understanding the role of epigenetic machinery throughout neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija D. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elizabeth G. Porter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Benjamin A. Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Lin GN, Song W, Wang W, Wang P, Yu H, Cai W, Jiang X, Huang W, Qian W, Chen Y, Chen M, Yu S, Xu T, Jiao Y, Liu Q, Zhang C, Yi Z, Fan Q, Chen J, Wang Z. De novo mutations identified by whole-genome sequencing implicate chromatin modifications in obsessive-compulsive disorder. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabi6180. [PMID: 35020433 PMCID: PMC8754407 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi6180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic anxiety disorder with a substantial genetic basis and a broadly undiscovered etiology. Recent studies of de novo mutation (DNM) exome-sequencing studies for OCD have reinforced the hypothesis that rare variation contributes to the risk. We performed, to our knowledge, the first whole-genome sequencing on 53 parent-offspring families with offspring affected with OCD to investigate all rare de novo variants and insertions/deletions. We observed higher mutation rates in promoter-anchored chromatin loops (empirical P = 0.0015) and regions with high frequencies of histone marks (empirical P = 0.0001). Mutations affecting coding regions were significantly enriched within coexpression modules of genes involved in chromatin modification during human brain development. Four genes—SETD5, KDM3B, ASXL3, and FBL—had strong aggregated evidence and functionally converged on transcription’s epigenetic regulation, suggesting an important OCD risk mechanism. Our data characterized different genome-wide DNMs and highlighted the contribution of chromatin modification in the etiology of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Ning Lin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author. (G.N.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Weichen Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidi Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiang Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Huang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yucan Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunying Yu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Jiao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author. (G.N.L.); (Z.W.)
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38
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Matsumura Y, Ito R, Yajima A, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka T, Kawamura T, Magoori K, Abe Y, Uchida A, Yoneshiro T, Hirakawa H, Zhang J, Arai M, Yang C, Yang G, Takahashi H, Fujihashi H, Nakaki R, Yamamoto S, Ota S, Tsutsumi S, Inoue SI, Kimura H, Wada Y, Kodama T, Inagaki T, Osborne TF, Aburatani H, Node K, Sakai J. Spatiotemporal dynamics of SETD5-containing NCoR-HDAC3 complex determines enhancer activation for adipogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7045. [PMID: 34857762 PMCID: PMC8639990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancer activation is essential for cell-type specific gene expression during cellular differentiation, however, how enhancers transition from a hypoacetylated "primed" state to a hyperacetylated-active state is incompletely understood. Here, we show SET domain-containing 5 (SETD5) forms a complex with NCoR-HDAC3 co-repressor that prevents histone acetylation of enhancers for two master adipogenic regulatory genes Cebpa and Pparg early during adipogenesis. The loss of SETD5 from the complex is followed by enhancer hyperacetylation. SETD5 protein levels were transiently increased and rapidly degraded prior to enhancer activation providing a mechanism for the loss of SETD5 during the transition. We show that induction of the CDC20 co-activator of the ubiquitin ligase leads to APC/C mediated degradation of SETD5 during the transition and this operates as a molecular switch that facilitates adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matsumura
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryo Ito
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayumu Yajima
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.412339.e0000 0001 1172 4459Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Rei Yamaguchi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tanaka
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Nuclear Receptor Medicine, Laboratories for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XIsotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Magoori
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Abe
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aoi Uchida
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoneshiro
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hirakawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ji Zhang
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chaoran Yang
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ge Yang
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujihashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakaki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,Rhelixa Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yamamoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ota
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Inoue
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XIsotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Nuclear Receptor Medicine, Laboratories for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inagaki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Laboratory of Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Timothy F. Osborne
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, and Medicine in the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Petersburg, FL USA
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- grid.412339.e0000 0001 1172 4459Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Juro Sakai
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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39
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Jethmalani Y, Tran K, Negesse MY, Sun W, Ramos M, Jaiswal D, Jezek M, Amos S, Garcia EJ, Park D, Green EM. Set4 regulates stress response genes and coordinates histone deacetylases within yeast subtelomeres. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202101126. [PMID: 34625508 PMCID: PMC8507492 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast chromatin protein Set4 is a member of the Set3-subfamily of SET domain proteins which play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression in diverse developmental and environmental contexts. We previously reported that Set4 promotes survival during oxidative stress and regulates expression of stress response genes via stress-dependent chromatin localization. In this study, global gene expression analysis and investigation of histone modification status identified a role for Set4 in maintaining gene repressive mechanisms within yeast subtelomeres under both normal and stress conditions. We show that Set4 works in a partially overlapping pathway to the SIR complex and the histone deacetylase Rpd3 to maintain proper levels of histone acetylation and expression of stress response genes encoded in subtelomeres. This role for Set4 is particularly critical for cells under hypoxic conditions, where the loss of Set4 decreases cell fitness and cell wall integrity. These findings uncover a new regulator of subtelomeric chromatin that is key to stress defense pathways and demonstrate a function for Set4 in regulating repressive, heterochromatin-like environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Jethmalani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Khoa Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maraki Y Negesse
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Winny Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Ramos
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deepika Jaiswal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meagan Jezek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shandon Amos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Joshua Garcia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - DoHwan Park
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Erin M Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
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40
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Ramos ML, Park D, Lim J, Park J, Tran K, Garcia EJ, Green E. Adaptive local false discovery rate procedures for highly spiky data and their application RNA sequencing data of yeast SET4 deletion mutants. Biom J 2021; 63:1729-1744. [PMID: 34320248 PMCID: PMC10723184 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.202000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin dynamics are central to the regulation of gene expression and genome stability. In order to improve understanding of the factors regulating chromatin dynamics, the genes encoding these factors are deleted and the differential gene expression profiles are determined using approaches such as RNA sequencing. Here, we analyzed a gene expression dataset aimed at uncovering the function of the relatively uncharacterized chromatin regulator, Set4, in the model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast). The main theme of this paper focuses on identifying the highly differentially expressed genes in cells deleted for Set4 (referred to as Set4 Δ mutant dataset) compared to the wild-type yeast cells. The Set4 Δ mutant data produce a spiky distribution on the log-fold changes of their expressions, and it is reasonably assumed that genes which are not highly differentially expressed come from a mixture of two normal distributions. We propose an adaptive local false discovery rate (FDR) procedure, which estimates the null distribution of the log-fold changes empirically. We numerically show that, unlike existing approaches, our proposed method controls FDR at the aimed level (0.05) and also has competitive power in finding differentially expressed genes. Finally, we apply our procedure to analyzing the Set4 Δ mutant dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Louie Ramos
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Maryland, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - DoHwan Park
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Maryland, USA
| | - Johan Lim
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University
| | - Junyong Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University
| | - Khoa Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Joshua Garcia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin Green
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Maryland, USA
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41
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Parenti I, Kaiser FJ. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome as Paradigm of Chromatinopathies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:774950. [PMID: 34803598 PMCID: PMC8603810 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.774950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatinopathies can be defined as a class of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations affecting proteins responsible for chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. The resulting dysregulation of gene expression favors the onset of a series of clinical features such as developmental delay, intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and behavioral disturbances. Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a prime example of a chromatinopathy. It is caused by mutations affecting subunits or regulators of the cohesin complex, a multisubunit protein complex involved in various molecular mechanisms such as sister chromatid cohesion, transcriptional regulation and formation of topologically associated domains. However, disease-causing variants in non-cohesin genes with overlapping functions have also been described in association with CdLS. Notably, the majority of these genes had been previously found responsible for distinct neurodevelopmental disorders that also fall within the category of chromatinopathies and are frequently considered as differential diagnosis for CdLS. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the current literature to summarize all mutations in non-cohesin genes identified in association with CdLS phenotypes and discuss about the interconnection of proteins belonging to the chromatinopathies network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parenti
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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42
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Zaghi M, Banfi F, Bellini E, Sessa A. Rare Does Not Mean Worthless: How Rare Diseases Have Shaped Neurodevelopment Research in the NGS Era. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1713. [PMID: 34827709 PMCID: PMC8616022 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) is heavily changing both the diagnosis of human conditions and basic biological research. It is now possible to dig deep inside the genome of hundreds of thousands or even millions of people and find both common and rare genomic variants and to perform detailed phenotypic characterizations of both physiological organs and experimental models. Recent years have seen the introduction of multiple techniques using NGS to profile transcription, DNA and chromatin modifications, protein binding, etc., that are now allowing us to profile cells in bulk or even at a single-cell level. Although rare and ultra-rare diseases only affect a few people, each of these diseases represent scholarly cases from which a great deal can be learned about the pathological and physiological function of genes, pathways, and mechanisms. Therefore, for rare diseases, state-of-the-art investigations using NGS have double valence: their genomic cause (new variants) and the characterize the underlining the mechanisms associated with them (discovery of gene function) can be found. In a non-exhaustive manner, this review will outline the main usage of NGS-based techniques for the diagnosis and characterization of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), under whose umbrella many rare and ultra-rare diseases fall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Zaghi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Federica Banfi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.B.); (E.B.)
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.B.); (E.B.)
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43
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Koenning M, Wang X, Karki M, Jangid RK, Kearns S, Tripathi DN, Cianfrocco M, Verhey KJ, Jung SY, Coarfa C, Ward CS, Kalish BT, Grimm SL, Rathmell WK, Mostany R, Dere R, Rasband MN, Walker CL, Park IY. Neuronal SETD2 activity links microtubule methylation to an anxiety-like phenotype in mice. Brain 2021; 144:2527-2540. [PMID: 34014281 PMCID: PMC8418347 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene discovery efforts in autism spectrum disorder have identified heterozygous defects in chromatin remodeller genes, the 'readers, writers and erasers' of methyl marks on chromatin, as major contributors to this disease. Despite this advance, a convergent aetiology between these defects and aberrant chromatin architecture or gene expression has remained elusive. Recently, data have begun to emerge that chromatin remodellers also function directly on the cytoskeleton. Strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder, the SETD2 histone methyltransferase for example, has now been shown to directly methylate microtubules of the mitotic spindle. However, whether microtubule methylation occurs in post-mitotic cells, for example on the neuronal cytoskeleton, is not known. We found the SETD2 α-tubulin lysine 40 trimethyl mark occurs on microtubules in the brain and in primary neurons in culture, and that the SETD2 C-terminal SRI domain is required for binding and methylation of α-tubulin. A CRISPR knock-in of a pathogenic SRI domain mutation (Setd2SRI) that disables microtubule methylation revealed at least one wild-type allele was required in mice for survival, and while viable, heterozygous Setd2SRI/wtmice exhibited an anxiety-like phenotype. Finally, whereas RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed no concomitant changes in chromatin methylation or gene expression in Setd2SRI/wtmice, primary neurons exhibited structural deficits in axon length and dendritic arborization. These data provide the first demonstration that microtubules of neurons are methylated, and reveals a heterozygous chromatin remodeller defect that specifically disables microtubule methylation is sufficient to drive an autism-associated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Koenning
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xianlong Wang
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Menuka Karki
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar Jangid
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah Kearns
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Durga Nand Tripathi
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Cianfrocco
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen J Verhey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher Scott Ward
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mouse Metabolic and Phenotyping Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Sandra L Grimm
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ruhee Dere
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Cheryl Lyn Walker
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - In Young Park
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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44
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Cheung MYQ, Roberts C, Scambler P, Stathopoulou A. Setd5 is required in cardiopharyngeal mesoderm for heart development and its haploinsufficiency is associated with outflow tract defects in mouse. Genesis 2021; 59:e23421. [PMID: 34050709 PMCID: PMC8564859 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects are a feature of several genetic haploinsufficiency syndromes, often involving transcriptional regulators. One property of haploinsufficient genes is their propensity for network interactions at the gene or protein level. In this article we took advantage of an online dataset of high throughput screening of mutations that are embryonic lethal in mice. Our aim was to identify new genes where the loss of function caused cardiovascular phenotypes resembling the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome models, that is, heterozygous and homozygous loss of Tbx1. One gene with a potentially haploinsufficient phenotype was identified, Setd5, thought to be involved in chromatin modification. We found murine Setd5 haploinsufficiency to be associated with double outlet right ventricle and perimembranous ventricular septal defect, although no genetic interaction with Tbx1 was detected. Conditional mutagenesis revealed that Setd5 was required in cardiopharyngeal mesoderm for progression of the heart tube through the ballooning stage to create a four-chambered heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Yu-Qing Cheung
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Roberts
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.,Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Scambler
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasia Stathopoulou
- Developmental Biology and Cancer, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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45
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Morandell J, Schwarz LA, Basilico B, Tasciyan S, Dimchev G, Nicolas A, Sommer C, Kreuzinger C, Dotter CP, Knaus LS, Dobler Z, Cacci E, Schur FKM, Danzl JG, Novarino G. Cul3 regulates cytoskeleton protein homeostasis and cell migration during a critical window of brain development. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3058. [PMID: 34031387 PMCID: PMC8144225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo loss of function mutations in the ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene Cullin3 (CUL3) lead to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In mouse, constitutive Cul3 haploinsufficiency leads to motor coordination deficits as well as ASD-relevant social and cognitive impairments. However, induction of Cul3 haploinsufficiency later in life does not lead to ASD-relevant behaviors, pointing to an important role of Cul3 during a critical developmental window. Here we show that Cul3 is essential to regulate neuronal migration and, therefore, constitutive Cul3 heterozygous mutant mice display cortical lamination abnormalities. At the molecular level, we found that Cul3 controls neuronal migration by tightly regulating the amount of Plastin3 (Pls3), a previously unrecognized player of neural migration. Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. Finally, we provide evidence that cellular phenotypes associated with autism-linked gene haploinsufficiency can be rescued by transcriptional activation of the intact allele in vitro, offering a proof of concept for a potential therapeutic approach for ASDs. De novo loss of function mutations in the ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene Cullin3 (CUL3) lead to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, the authors show that Cul3 is essential to regulate neuronal migration by tightly regulating Plastin3 (Pls3). Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating the actin cytoskeleton organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Morandell
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Lena A Schwarz
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Saren Tasciyan
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Georgi Dimchev
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Armel Nicolas
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Christoph Sommer
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Christoph P Dotter
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Lisa S Knaus
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Zoe Dobler
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Emanuele Cacci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Florian K M Schur
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Johann G Danzl
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Gaia Novarino
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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46
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Fell CW, Nagy V. Cellular Models and High-Throughput Screening for Genetic Causality of Intellectual Disability. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:220-230. [PMID: 33397633 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disabilities (ID) are a type of neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). They can have a genetic cause, including an emerging class of ID centring around Rho GTPases, such as Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1). Guidelines for establishing genetic causality include the use of cellular models, which often have morphological aberrations, a long-standing hallmark of ID. Disease cellular models can facilitate high-throughput screening (HTS) of chemical or genetic perturbations, which can provide translatable biological insight. Here, we discuss a class of IDs centring around RAC1. We review novel and established cellular models of ID, including mouse and human primary cells and reprogrammed or induced neurons. Finally, we review progress and remaining challenges in the adoption of HTS methodologies by the community studying neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Fell
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), 1090 Vienna, Austria; Research Centre for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanja Nagy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), 1090 Vienna, Austria; Research Centre for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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47
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Basilico B, Morandell J, Novarino G. Molecular mechanisms for targeted ASD treatments. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 65:126-137. [PMID: 32659636 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The possibility to generate construct valid animal models enabled the development and testing of therapeutic strategies targeting the core features of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). At the same time, these studies highlighted the necessity of identifying sensitive developmental time windows for successful therapeutic interventions. Animal and human studies also uncovered the possibility to stratify the variety of ASDs in molecularly distinct subgroups, potentially facilitating effective treatment design. Here, we focus on the molecular pathways emerging as commonly affected by mutations in diverse ASD-risk genes, on their role during critical windows of brain development and the potential treatments targeting these biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasmin Morandell
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Gaia Novarino
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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48
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Pires SF, Tolezano GC, da Costa SS, Kawahira RSH, Kim CA, Rosenberg C, Teixeira ACB, Bertola DR, Krepischi ACV. Expanding the role of SETD5 haploinsufficiency in neurodevelopment and neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28376. [PMID: 32748512 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferreira Pires
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Cantini Tolezano
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Souza da Costa
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo Kawahira
- Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Rosenberg
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Barbosa Teixeira
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Debora Romeo Bertola
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang M, Zhao J, Lv Y, Wang W, Feng C, Zou W, Su L, Jiao J. Histone Variants and Histone Modifications in Neurogenesis. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:869-880. [PMID: 33011018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During embryonic brain development, neurogenesis requires the orchestration of gene expression to regulate neural stem cell (NSC) fate specification. Epigenetic regulation with specific emphasis on the modes of histone variants and histone post-translational modifications are involved in interactive gene regulation of central nervous system (CNS) development. Here, we provide a broad overview of the regulatory system of histone variants and histone modifications that have been linked to neurogenesis and diseases. We also review the crosstalk between different histone modifications and discuss how the 3D genome affects cell fate dynamics during brain development. Understanding the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in neurogenesis has shifted the paradigm from single gene regulation to synergistic interactions to ensure healthy embryonic neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuqing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Chao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Libo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Innovation Academy for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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50
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Crippa M, Bestetti I, Maitz S, Weiss K, Spano A, Masciadri M, Smithson S, Larizza L, Low K, Cohen L, Finelli P. SETD5 Gene Haploinsufficiency in Three Patients With Suspected KBG Syndrome. Front Neurol 2020; 11:631. [PMID: 32793091 PMCID: PMC7393934 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs), also named chromatin modifying disorders, are a broad group of neurodevelopmental disorders, caused by mutations in functionally related chromatin genes. Mental retardation autosomal dominant 23 (MRD23) syndrome, due to SETD5 gene mutations, falls into this group of disorders. KBG syndrome, caused by ANKRD11 gene haploinsufficiency, is a chromatin related syndrome not formally belonging to this category. We performed high resolution array CGH and trio-based WES on three molecularly unsolved patients with an initial KBGS clinical diagnosis. A de novo deletion of 116 kb partially involving SETD5 and two de novo frameshift variants in SETD5 were identified in the patients. The clinical re-evaluation of the patients was consistent with the molecular findings, though still compatible with KBGS due to overlapping phenotypic features of KBGS and MRD23. Careful detailed expert phenotyping ascertained some facial and physical features that were consistent with MRD23 rather than KBGS. Our results provide further examples that loss-of-function pathogenic variants in genes encoding factors shaping the epigenetic landscape, lead to a wide phenotypic range with significant clinical overlap. We recommend that clinicians consider SETD5 gene haploinsufficiency in the differential diagnosis of KBGS. Due to overlap of clinical features, careful and detailed phenotyping is important and a large gene panel approach is recommended in the diagnostic workup of patients with a clinical suspicion of KBGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Clinical Pediatric Genetic Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Karin Weiss
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alice Spano
- Clinical Pediatric Genetic Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Maura Masciadri
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Smithson
- Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen Low
- Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lior Cohen
- Genetics Unit, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Palma Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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