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Aguas-Ayesa M, Yárnoz-Esquiroz P, Perdomo CM, Olazarán L, Vegas-Aguilar IM, García-Almeida JM, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G. Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14218. [PMID: 38629697 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Adolphe Quételet, a 19th-century Belgian sociologist and statistician, pioneered the incorporation of statistics into social sciences. He initiated the development of anthropometry since he was interested in identifying the proportions of the 'ideal man'. He devised a ratio between weight and height, originally termed the Quételet Index, and today widely known and used as the body mass index or BMI. In 1835, he demonstrated that a normal curve accommodates the distribution of human traits articulating his reasoning on human variance around the average. Quételet's long-lasting legacy of the establishment of a simple measure to classify people's weight relative to an ideal for their height endures today with minor variations having dramatically influenced public health agendas. While being very useful, the limitations of the BMI are well known. Thus, revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm is a necessity in the era of precision medicine with morphofunctional assessment representing the way forward via incorporation of body composition and functionality appraisal. While healthcare systems were originally designed to address acute illnesses, today's demands require a radical rethinking together with an original reappraisal of our diagnosis and treatment approaches from a multidimensional perspective. Embracing new methodologies is the way forward to advance the field, gain a closer look at the underlying pathophysiology of excess weight, keep the spotlight on improving diagnostic performance and demonstrate its clinical validity. In order to provide every patient with the most accurate diagnosis together with the most appropriate management, a high degree of standardization and personalization is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Aguas-Ayesa
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Yárnoz-Esquiroz
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina M Perdomo
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Olazarán
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabel M Vegas-Aguilar
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Almeida
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Quironsalud Málaga Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Coughlin GH, Antush MT, Vella CA. Associations of sedentary behavior and screen time with biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance. J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s10865-024-00498-y. [PMID: 38796664 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) has been linked to risk factors of cardiometabolic disease, with inconsistent findings reported in the literature. We aimed to assess the associations of SB with multiple biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance in adults. Domain-specific SB, sitting time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured in 78 adults (mean ± SD 52.0 ± 10.8 y). Body fat percentage (BF%) was assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance. A blood draw assessed glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), leptin, and adiponectin. Adiponectin-leptin ratio (ALR), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated. Multivariable linear regression analyses, controlling for age, sex, MVPA, and BF%, were used to assess associations. After adjustment for age, sex and MVPA, total SB (7.5 ± 2.5 h/day) was positively associated with leptin, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β (Standardized Beta (β) range 0.21-0.32) and negatively associated with ALR (β = -0.24, p < 0.05 for all). Similarly, total sitting time (7.2 ± 2.9 h/day) was associated with TNF-α (β = 0.22) and ALR (β = -0.26). These associations were attenuated to non-significance after adjustment for BF%. Leisure screen time was detrimentally associated with IL-6 (β = 0.24), leptin (β = 0.21), insulin (β = 0.37), HOMA-IR (β = 0.37), and HOMA-β (β = 0.34), independent of age, sex and MVPA (p < 0.05 for all). Only the associations with insulin (β = 0.26), HOMA-IR (β = 0.26), and HOMA-β (β = 0.23) remained significant after further controlling BF% (p < 0.05). Self-reported SB is associated with biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance, independent of MVPA, and in some cases BF%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace H Coughlin
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Maximilian T Antush
- Department of Movement Sciences, College of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Chantal A Vella
- Department of Movement Sciences, College of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
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Baudin J, Hernandez-Baixauli J, Quesada-Vázquez S, Mulero F, Puiggròs F, Arola L, Caimari A. Combined supplementation with hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin decreases adiposity and improves metabolic health in ovariectomized rats. Food Funct 2024; 15:4905-4924. [PMID: 38598180 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05122f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent years many women have looked for alternative therapies to address menopause. Hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin are bioactive compounds that can ameliorate some cardiovascular risk factors associated with menopause, although there are no data concerning the effects of their combined supplementation. We used ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a postmenopausal model with oestrogen deficiency, to evaluate whether supplementation with a multi-ingredient (MI) including hesperidin, phytosterols and curcumin for 57 days would display beneficial effects against fat mass accretion and metabolic disturbances associated with menopause. Twenty OVX rats were orally supplemented with either MI (OVX-MI) or vehicle (OVX). Furthermore, 10 OVX rats orally received the vehicle along with subcutaneous injections of 17β-oestradiol biweekly (OVX-E2), whereas 10 rats were sham operated and received oral and injected vehicles (control group; SH). MI supplementation partly counteracted the fat mass accretion observed in OVX animals, which was evidenced by decreased total fat mass, adiposity index, the weight of retroperitoneal, inguinal and mesenteric white adipose tissue (MWAT) depots and MWAT adipocyte hypertrophy. These effects were accompanied by a significant decrease in the circulating levels of leptin and the mRNA levels of the fatty acid uptake-related genes Lpl and Cd36 in MWAT. These results were very similar to those observed in OVX-E2 animals. OVX-MI rats also displayed a higher lean body mass, lean/fat mass ratio, adiponectin-to-leptin ratio and insulin sensitivity than their OVX counterparts. Our findings can pave the way for using this MI formulation as an alternative therapy to manage obesity and to improve the cardiometabolic health of menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Baudin
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Julia Hernandez-Baixauli
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Sergio Quesada-Vázquez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Francisca Mulero
- Molecular Imaging Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Puiggròs
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, Spain.
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Melini S, Lama A, Comella F, Opallo N, Del Piano F, Annunziata C, Mollica MP, Ferrante MC, Pirozzi C, Mattace Raso G, Meli R. Targeting liver and adipose tissue in obese mice: Effects of a N-acylethanolamine mixture on insulin resistance and adipocyte reprogramming. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116531. [PMID: 38574624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are endogenous lipid-signalling molecules involved in inflammation and energy metabolism. The potential pharmacological effect of NAE association in managing inflammation-based metabolic disorders is unexplored. To date, targeting liver-adipose axis can be considered a therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and related dysfunctions. Here, we investigated the metabolic effect of OLALIAMID® (OLA), an olive oil-derived NAE mixture, in limiting liver and adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. OLA reduced body weight and fat mass in obese mice, decreasing insulin resistance (IR), as shown by homeostasis model assessment index, and leptin/adiponectin ratio, a marker of adipocyte dysfunction. OLA improved serum lipid and hepatic profile and the immune/inflammatory pattern of metainflammation. In liver of HFD mice, OLA treatment counteracted glucose and lipid dysmetabolism, restoring insulin signalling (phosphorylation of AKT and AMPK), and reducing mRNAs of key markers of fatty acid accumulation. Furthermore, OLA positively affected AT function deeply altered by HFD by reprogramming of genes involved in thermogenesis of interscapular brown AT (iBAT) and subcutaneous white AT (scWAT), and inducing the beigeing of scWAT. Notably, the NAE mixture reduced inflammation in iBAT and promoted M1-to-M2 macrophage shift in scWAT of obese mice. The tissue and systemic anti-inflammatory effects of OLA and the increased expression of glucose transporter 4 in scWAT contributed to the improvement of gluco-lipid toxicity and insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, we demonstrated that this olive oil-derived NAE mixture is a valid nutritional strategy to counteract IR and obesity acting on liver-AT crosstalk, restoring both hepatic and AT function and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Melini
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - A Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - F Comella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - N Opallo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - F Del Piano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - C Annunziata
- Department of Bioscience and Nutrition Karolinska Institute Neo Building, Huddinge 14152, Sweden
| | - M P Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - M C Ferrante
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - C Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - G Mattace Raso
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - R Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
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Lis-Kuberka J, Berghausen-Mazur M, Orczyk-Pawiłowicz M. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Colostral Appetite-Regulating Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3853. [PMID: 38612666 PMCID: PMC11011253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex metabolic disorder that has short- and long-term effects on maternal and offspring health. This study aimed to assess the impact of maternal hyperglycemia severity, classified as GDM-G1 (diet treatment) and GDM-G2 (insulin treatment) on colostral appetite-regulating molecules. Colostrum samples were collected from hyperglycemic (N = 30) and normoglycemic (N = 21) mothers, and the concentrations of milk hormones were determined by immunoenzymatic assay. A difference was found for milk ghrelin, but not for molecules such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, or IGF-I levels, in relation to maternal hyperglycemia. The colostral ghrelin in the GDM-G1 cohort (0.21 ng/mL) was significantly lower than for GDM-G2 (0.38 ng/mL) and non-GDM groups (0.36 ng/mL). However, colostral resistin was higher, but not significantly, for GDM-G1 (13.33 ng/mL) and GDM-G2 (12.81 ng/mL) cohorts than for normoglycemic mothers (7.89 ng/mL). The lack of difference in relation to hyperglycemia for milk leptin, adiponectin, leptin-adiponectin ratio, resistin, and IGF-I levels might be the outcome of effective treatment of GDM during pregnancy. The shift between ghrelin and other appetite-regulating hormones might translate into altered ability to regulate energy balance, affecting offspring's metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Lis-Kuberka
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Berghausen-Mazur
- Department of Neonatology, J. Gromkowski Provincial Specialist Hospital, Koszarowa 5, 51-149 Wroclaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Hoene-Wrońskiego 13c, 58-376 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Oza C, Mandlik R, Khadilkar AV, Gondhalekar KM, Khadilkar VV. Role of Dietary Macronutrient Composition and Fibre Intake in Development of Double Diabetes in Indian Youth. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2024; 28:213-219. [PMID: 38911111 PMCID: PMC11189281 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_90_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity are common presentations of double diabetes (DD) in subjects with type-1 diabetes (T1D). There is evidence that dietary composition has an impact on developing IR. Objectives were to assess the impact of macronutrient and fibre intake on glycaemic control and the role of macronutrient composition of diet in the development of DD in subjects with T1D. Methods This cross-sectional study included 77 young adults (10-25 years) with T1D. Data related to demography, anthropometry, biochemistry and body composition were collected. Dietary data was collected by fourteen-day food diary. IR was calculated using eGDR, SEARCH and CACTI equations, and metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation Consensus Definition. Results Subjects at risk of DD had higher age, leptin levels, percentage carbohydrate consumption in diet and IR. A positive association of insulin sensitivity with fibre intake and %protein intake was noted. Poor glycaemic control, adiponectin/leptin ratio, fibre intake and insulin/carbohydrate ratio were significant negative predictors of IR. Addition of dietary factors to the regression model improved the R square and percentage of subjects identified correctly. Inclusion of dietary parameters significantly improves the prediction of the risk of development of DD in subjects with T1D. Conclusion Good glycaemic control and increased intake of dietary fibre may prevent the development of IR in subjects with T1D and reduce the burden of DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirantap Oza
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rubina Mandlik
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anuradha V. Khadilkar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Interdisciplinary, School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan M. Gondhalekar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaman V. Khadilkar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Interdisciplinary, School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Husejko J, Gackowski M, Wojtasik J, Strzała D, Pesta M, Mądra-Gackowska K, Nuszkiewicz J, Woźniak A, Kozakiewicz M, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Preliminary Report on the Influence of Acute Inflammation on Adiponectin Levels in Older Inpatients with Different Nutritional Status. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2016. [PMID: 38396693 PMCID: PMC10889142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can be triggered by a variety of factors, including pathogens, damaged cells, and toxic compounds. It is a biological response of the immune system, which can be successfully assessed in clinical practice using some molecular substances. Because adiponectin, a hormone released by adipose tissue, influences the development of inflammation, its evaluation as a potential measure of inflammation in clinical practice is justified. In the present contribution, statistical comparison of adiponectin concentration and selected molecular substances recognized in clinical practice as measures of inflammation were utilized to demonstrate whether adipose tissue hormones, as exemplified by adiponectin, have the potential to act as a measure of rapidly changing inflammation when monitoring older hospitalized patients in the course of bacterial infection. The study showed no statistically significant differences in adiponectin levels depending on the rapidly changing inflammatory response in its early stage. Interestingly, the concentration of adiponectin is statistically significantly higher in malnourished patients than in people with normal nutritional levels, assessed based on the MNA. According to the results obtained, adiponectin is not an effective measure of acute inflammation in clinical practice. However, it may serve as a biomarker of malnutrition in senile individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Husejko
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Marcin Gackowski
- Department of Toxicology and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, A. Jurasza 2 Street, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Wojtasik
- Centre for Statistical Analysis, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Chopina 12/18 Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Dominika Strzała
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Maciej Pesta
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Katarzyna Mądra-Gackowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
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García-Rodríguez S, Espinosa-Cabello JM, García-González A, González-Jiménez E, Aguilar-Cordero MJ, Castellano JM, Perona JS. Interplay of Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Composition and Adipokines in Obese Adolescents. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1112. [PMID: 38256185 PMCID: PMC10816605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the alarming rise of infant obesity and its health implications, the present research aims to uncover disruptions in postprandial lipid metabolism and the composition of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in obese adolescents. A double-blind, controlled clinical trial in the postprandial phase on 23 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years was carried out. Twelve participants were categorized as obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2 and percentile > 95) and 11 as normal-weight (BMI = 20-25 kg/m2, percentile 5-85). Blood samples were collected after a 12-h overnight fast and postprandially after consumption of a standardized breakfast containing olive oil, tomato, bread, orange juice, and skimmed milk. Obese adolescents exhibited elevated triglyceride concentrations in both fasting and postprandial states and higher TG/apo-B48 ratios, indicating larger postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particle size, which suggests impaired clearance. Obese subjects also exhibited higher n-6 PUFA concentrations, potentially linked to increased TRL hydrolysis and the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines. In contrast, TRL from normal-weight individuals showed higher concentrations of oleic acid and DHA (n-3 PUFA), with possible anti-inflammatory effects. The results indicate an interplay involving postprandial TRL metabolism and adipokines within the context of adolescent obesity, pointing to potential cardiovascular implications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aída García-González
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Emilio González-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - José M. Castellano
- Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (J.M.E.-C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Javier S. Perona
- Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (J.M.E.-C.); (J.M.C.)
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Angeles-Martinez J, Monroy-Muñoz IE, Muñoz-Medina JE, Fernandes-Matano L, Salas-Lais ÁG, Hernández-Cueto MDLÁ, Bravo-Flores E, León-Juárez M, Santacruz-Tinoco CE, Montes-Herrera D. A Potential Association between Abdominal Obesity and the Efficacy of Humoral Immunity Induced by COVID-19 and by the AZD1222, Convidecia, BNT162b2, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:88. [PMID: 38250901 PMCID: PMC10819553 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Mexico and has a poor prognosis in terms of the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and low levels of antibodies induced by infection and vaccination. We evaluated the humoral immune response induced by COVID-19 and five different vaccination schedules in Mexican individuals with abdominal obesity and the effects of other variables. This prospective longitudinal cohort study included 2084 samples from 389 participants. The levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD IgG antibodies were measured at various time points after vaccination. A high prevalence of hospitalization and oxygen use was observed in individuals with abdominal obesity (AO) who had COVID-19 before vaccination; however, they also had high levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD-neutralizing IgG antibodies. The same was true for vaccination-induced antibody levels. However, their longevity was low. Interestingly, we did not observe significant differences in vaccine reactogenicity between abdominally obese and abdominally non-obese groups. Finally, individuals with a higher body mass index, older age, and previous COVID-19 had higher levels of antibodies induced by COVID-19 and vaccination. Therefore, it is important to evaluate other immunological and inflammatory factors to better understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in the presence of risk factors and to propose effective vaccination schedules for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Angeles-Martinez
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
| | - Irma Eloisa Monroy-Muñoz
- Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - José Esteban Muñoz-Medina
- Quality of Supplies and Specialized Laboratories Coordination, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico; (J.E.M.-M.); (L.F.-M.)
| | - Larissa Fernandes-Matano
- Quality of Supplies and Specialized Laboratories Coordination, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico; (J.E.M.-M.); (L.F.-M.)
| | - Ángel Gustavo Salas-Lais
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
| | | | | | - Moisés León-Juárez
- Immunobiochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | | | - Daniel Montes-Herrera
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
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10
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Soto-Sánchez J, Martínez-Navarro I, Mandujano-Lázaro G, Rios-Lugo MJ, Hernández-Mendoza H. Serum levels of anti-inflammatory/proinflammatory adipocytokines, and copper levels in overweight and obese women in an adult Mexican population. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:647-654. [PMID: 37603222 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An imbalance between adipokines and micronutrient concentrations, such as those of copper (Cu), has been linked to dysregulation of energy homeostasis leading to weight gain and the development of other comorbidities; however, information on this issue remains limited. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between Cu status and serum adipokine levels and their relationship in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adult women. METHODS Sixty patients were evaluated and classified according to their body mass index (BMI) and biochemical parameters; adipokines and Cu were measured at fasting. RESULTS Leptin (Lep) and resistin (Res) levels were elevated, whereas adiponectin (Adpn) and ghrelin (Ghr) values were decreased in overweight and obese women (p = 0.001). The mean Adpn/Lep ratio was <0.5 in overweight and obese subjects, while the Lep/Ghr ratio increased significantly in relation to weight gain, suggesting an inverse link between the ratios of these hormones in the regulation of obesity. The analysis revealed a positive association between BMI and Cu levels in obese women. Moreover, a negative association between Cu and Res in normal-weight subjects was found. CONCLUSIONS Circulating fasting Res levels are negatively associated with serum Cu concentration in normal-weight adult women. We also observed a close relationship between Adpn/Lep and Lep/Ghr ratios with obesity. However, more observational studies are required to confirm these results in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Soto-Sánchez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Israel Martínez-Navarro
- Posgrado de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Venustiano Carranza 2405, 78210, San Luis Potosi, CP, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Mandujano-Lázaro
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Judith Rios-Lugo
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda Sierra Leona 550, 78210, San Luis Potosi, CP, Mexico
- Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, 78210, San Luis Potosi, CP, Mexico
| | - Héctor Hernández-Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair 200, 78377, San Luis Potosi, CP, Mexico.
- Hospital General de Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, Secretaría de Salud, Valentín Amador 1112, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, 78435, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
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11
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Martín-Núñez E, Goñi-Olóriz M, Matilla L, Garaikoetxea M, Mourino-Alvarez L, Navarro A, Fernández-Celis A, Tamayo I, Gainza A, Álvarez V, Sádaba R, Barderas MG, Jover E, López-Andrés N. Influence of diabetes mellitus on the pathological profile of aortic stenosis: a sex-based approach. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:280. [PMID: 37848892 PMCID: PMC10583330 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) accelerates the progression of aortic stenosis (AS), but how their underlying molecular mechanisms interact is not clear. Moreover, whether DM contributes to clinically relevant sex-differences in AS is unknown. In this work we aim to characterize the sex-specific profile of major pathological mechanisms fundamental to aortic valve (AV) degeneration in AS patients with or without concomitant DM. METHODS 283 patients with severe AS undergoing surgical valve replacement (27.6% DM, 59.4% men) were recruited. Expression of pathological markers related to AS were thoroughly assessed in AVs and valve interstitial cells (VICs) according to sex and presence of DM. Complementary in vitro experiments in VICs in the presence of high-glucose levels (25 mM) for 24, 48 and 72 h were performed. RESULTS Oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction markers were increased in AVs from diabetic AS patients compared to non-diabetic patients in both sexes. However, disbalanced oxidative stress and enhanced inflammation were more predominant in AVs from male AS diabetic patients. Osteogenic markers were exclusively increased in the AVs of diabetic women. Basal characterization of VICs confirmed that oxidative stress, inflammation, calcification, and metabolic alteration profiles were increased in diabetic VICs with sex-specific differences. VICs cultured in hyperglycemic-like conditions triggered inflammatory responses in men, whereas in women rapid and higher production of pro-osteogenic molecules. CONCLUSIONS DM produces sex-specific pathological phenotypes in AV of AS patients. Importantly, women with diabetes are more prone to develop AV calcification. DM should be considered as a risk factor in AS especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Martín-Núñez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Goñi-Olóriz
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lara Matilla
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mattie Garaikoetxea
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Toledo, Spain
- Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
| | - Adela Navarro
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ibai Tamayo
- Research Methodology Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alicia Gainza
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Virginia Álvarez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Sádaba
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Toledo, Spain
- Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
| | - Eva Jover
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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12
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Talati M, Brittain E, Agrawal V, Fortune N, Simon K, Shay S, Zeng X, Freeman ML, West J, Hemnes A. A potential adverse role for leptin and cardiac leptin receptor in the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension: effect of metformin is BMPR2 mutation-specific. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1276422. [PMID: 37869164 PMCID: PMC10586504 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1276422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal cardiopulmonary disease. Leptin, a neuroendocrine hormone released by adipose tissue, has a complex relationship with cardiovascular diseases, including PAH. Leptin is thought to be an important factor linking metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders. Given the published association between metabolic syndrome and RV dysfunction in PAH, we sought to determine the association between leptin and RV dysfunction. We hypothesized that in PAH-RV, leptin influences metabolic changes via leptin receptors, which can be manipulated by metformin. Methods Plasma leptin was measured in PAH patients and healthy controls from a published trial of metformin in PAH. Leptin receptor localization was detected in RV from PAH patients, healthy controls, animal models of PH with RV dysfunction before and after metformin treatment, and cultured cardiomyocytes with two different BMPR2 mutants by performing immunohistochemical and cell fractionation studies. Functional studies were conducted in cultured cardiomyocytes to examine the role of leptin and metformin in lipid-driven mitochondrial respiration. Results In human studies, we found that plasma leptin levels were higher in PAH patients and moderately correlated with higher BMI, but not in healthy controls. Circulating leptin levels were reduced by metformin treatment, and these findings were confirmed in an animal model of RV dysfunction. Leptin receptor expression was increased in PAH-RV cardiomyocytes. In animal models of RV dysfunction and cultured cardiomyocytes with BMPR2 mutation, we found increased expression and membrane localization of the leptin receptor. In cultured cardiomyocytes with BMPR2 mutation, leptin moderately influences palmitate uptake, possibly via CD36, in a mutation-specific manner. Furthermore, in cultured cardiomyocytes, the Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer and gene expression data indicate that leptin may not directly influence lipid-driven mitochondrial respiration in BMPR2 mutant cardiomyocytes. However, metformin alone or when supplemented with leptin can improve lipid-driven mitochondrial respiration in BMPR2 mutant cardiomyocytes. The effect of metformin on lipid-driven mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes is BMPR2 mutation-specific. Conclusion In PAH, increased circulating leptin can influence metabolic signaling in RV cardiomyocytes via the leptin receptor; in particular, it may alter lipid-dependent RV metabolism in combination with metformin in a mutation-specific manner and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Talati
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Evan Brittain
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Vineet Agrawal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Niki Fortune
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Katie Simon
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sheila Shay
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Xiaofang Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Michael L. Freeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - James West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Anna Hemnes
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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13
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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14
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Perdomo CM, Avilés-Olmos I, Dicker D, Frühbeck G. Towards an adiposity-related disease framework for the diagnosis and management of obesities. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:795-807. [PMID: 37162651 PMCID: PMC10492748 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease that relapses frequently and associates with multiple complications that comprise a worldwide health priority because of its rising prevalence and association with numerous complications, including metabolic disorders, mechanic pathologies, and cancer, among others. Noteworthy, excess adiposity is accompanied by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and subsequent organ dysfunction. This dysfunctional adipose tissue is initially stored in the visceral depot, overflowing subsequently to produce lipotoxicity in ectopic depots like liver, heart, muscle, and pancreas, among others. People living with obesity need a diagnostic approach that considers an exhaustive pathophysiology and complications assessment. Thus, it is essential to warrant a holistic diagnosis and management that guarantees an adequate health status, and quality of life. The present review summarizes the different complications associated with obesity, at the same time, we aim to fostering a novel framework that enhances a patient-centered approach to obesity management in the precision medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Perdomo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Clínica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Icíar Avilés-Olmos
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dror Dicker
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Clínica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Seva DC, Mônico-Neto M, Antunes HKM, Pino JMV, Bittencourt LRA, Galvão TD, Dâmaso AR, Oyama LM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Tufik S, da Silveira Campos RM. Beneficial Short-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Nutritional Inflammatory Profile and Metabolic Biomarkers. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2789-2798. [PMID: 37540480 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bariatric surgery (BS) has several potential metabolic benefits. However, little is known about its impact on changes in the inflammatory potential of diet and its effect on inflammatory and metabolic markers. This study aimed to assess the short-term beneficial effects of BS on dietary inflammatory potential and inflammatory and metabolic markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants (n = 20) were evaluated 3 months before and after BS. Body mass, body mass index, anthropometric measurements, fat mass, fat-free mass, visceral fat, skeletal muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, serum lipids, HOMA-IR, QUICKI and inflammatory markers, including leptin, adiponectin, adiponectin/leptin ratio and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were evaluated. Diet data were collected using a 3-day diet record and the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) scores were computed. RESULTS There was a reduction in DII® (2.56 vs 2.13) and E-DIITM (2.18 vs 0.45) indicating an improvement in inflammatory nutritional profile. Moreover, there were increases in the adiponectin/leptin ratio (0.08 vs 0.21) and QUICKI scores (0.31 vs 0.37), and reductions in leptin (36.66 vs 11.41 ng/ml) and HOMA-IR scores (3.93 vs 1.50). There were also improvements in body composition and anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS BS promotes changes in metabolic profile, inflammatory state and food intake and these modifications appeared to be associated with improvements in diet-related inflammation, an increase in the adiponectin/leptin ratio and a reduction in leptin. These results contribute to knowledge on the contribution bariatric surgery can make to the treatment of obesity and the reduction of related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Cristina Seva
- Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Térreo, Vila Matias, Santos, 11015020, Brazil
| | - Marcos Mônico-Neto
- Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Térreo, Vila Matias, Santos, 11015020, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- BariMais - Medicina Integrada, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes
- Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Térreo, Vila Matias, Santos, 11015020, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Lia Rita Azeredo Bittencourt
- Post Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana R Dâmaso
- Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPMP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Post Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos
- Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Térreo, Vila Matias, Santos, 11015020, Brazil
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16
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Moreira SMBP, Bachi ALL, Jirjos EI, Malheiros CA, Vencio S, Alves VLS, Sousa ART, Felipe LA, Perez EA, Lino MEM, Souza SKA, Santos JMB, Oliveira MC, Fonseca AL, Silva CHM, Vieira RP, Insalaco G, Freitas Júnior WR, Oliveira LVF. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Improves Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio and Inflammatory Profile in Severely Obese Women with and without Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3312. [PMID: 37571250 PMCID: PMC10421521 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a troubling public health problem as it increases risks of sleep disorders, respiratory complications, systemic arterial hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). As a measure to counteract comorbidities associated with severe obesity, bariatric surgery stands out. This study aimed to investigate the adiponectin/leptin ratio in women with severe obesity with and without MetS who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and to characterize the biochemical, glucose, and inflammatory parameters of blood in women with severe obesity before and after RYGB. Were enrolled females with severe obesity undergoing RYGP with MetS (n = 11) and without (n = 39). Anthropometric data and circulating levels of glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), adiponectin, and leptin were assessed before and 6 months after RYGB. Significant reductions in weight, body mass index, and glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, and leptin were observed after surgery, with higher levels of HDL, adiponectin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio being observed after surgery compared to the preoperative values of those. This study demonstrated that weight loss induced by RYGB in patients with severe obesity with or without MetS improved biochemical and systemic inflammatory parameters, particularly the adiponectin/leptin ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. B. P. Moreira
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - André L. L. Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil;
| | - Elias I. Jirjos
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Carlos A. Malheiros
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Sergio Vencio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Goiania 74175-100, GO, Brazil;
| | - Vera L. S. Alves
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Alan R. T. Sousa
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Lucenda A. Felipe
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Eduardo A. Perez
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Maria E. M. Lino
- Scientific Initiation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.E.M.L.); (S.K.A.S.)
| | - Shayra K. A. Souza
- Scientific Initiation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.E.M.L.); (S.K.A.S.)
| | - Juliana M. B. Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05360-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Miriã C. Oliveira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.C.O.); (A.L.F.); (C.H.M.S.); (R.P.V.)
| | - Adriano L. Fonseca
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.C.O.); (A.L.F.); (C.H.M.S.); (R.P.V.)
| | - Carlos H. M. Silva
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.C.O.); (A.L.F.); (C.H.M.S.); (R.P.V.)
| | - Rodolfo P. Vieira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.C.O.); (A.L.F.); (C.H.M.S.); (R.P.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Insalaco
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Wilson R. Freitas Júnior
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
| | - Luis V. F. Oliveira
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.P.M.); (E.I.J.); (C.A.M.); (V.L.S.A.); (A.R.T.S.); (L.A.F.); (E.A.P.); (W.R.F.J.)
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil; (M.C.O.); (A.L.F.); (C.H.M.S.); (R.P.V.)
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Szabó R, Börzsei D, Hoffmann A, Kiss V, Nagy A, Török S, Veszelka M, Almási N, Varga C. The Interplay of Lifestyle and Adipokines in the Non-Obese Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1450. [PMID: 37507988 PMCID: PMC10376584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the morphological features and functions of adipose tissue are well-described in obesity-prone animal models, less information is available on animals such as the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) strain with cardiovascular abnormalities, which is not characterized by excessive adiposity. Our aim was to focus on lifestyle-induced (type of diet and physical exercise) effects on adipokine profile and lipid peroxidation in SHRSP rats. In our study, male Wistar-kyoto (control) and SHRSP rats were used. SHRSP rats were fed either standard chow or a high-fat diet with 40% fat content (HFD). One group of the animals was placed into cages fitted with a running-wheel; thus, the dietary and training period started at the same time and lasted for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, adiponectin, leptin, omentin, and chemerin concentrations were determined from adipose tissue and serum. Besides adipokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. Twelve weeks of HFD significantly decreased adiponectin and omentin concentrations of both adipose tissue and serum, which were ameliorated by physical exercise. Serum leptin, chemerin, and MDA values were elevated in HFD groups; however, physical exercise was able to mitigate these adverse changes. Our results underpin the crosstalk between lifestyle changes and dysfunctional adipose tissue in SHRSP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Qiu L, Gao C, Wang H, Ren Y, Li J, Li M, Du X, Li W, Zhang J. Effects of dietary polyphenol curcumin supplementation on metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress indices in patients with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1216708. [PMID: 37522129 PMCID: PMC10376715 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1216708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis for assessing the effectiveness and safety of dietary polyphenol curcumin supplement on metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress indices in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods A comprehensive search for clinical trials was conducted in the following scientific databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China Biological Medicine. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of curcumin supplement for MetS were identified. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using inverse variance, and efficacy was expressed as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The metabolic syndrome markers that were evaluated in the present study included waist circumference (WC), fasting blood sugar (FBS), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), ultrasensitive c-reactive protein (hsCRP), and malondialdehyde (MDA). By employing the Cochrane tool, RCTs were assessed for bias risk. Results A total of 785 participants from 13 RCTs were included, with intervention durations ranging from 4 to 12 weeks. Compared with the control group, the curcumin group had positive effects on WC (MD = -2.16, 95% CI: -3.78 to -0.54, p = 0.009, seven studies), FBS (MD = -8.6, 95% CI: -15.45 to -1.75, p = 0.01, nine studies), DBP (MD = -2.8, 95% CI: -4.53 to - 1.06, p = 0.002, five studies), HDL-C (MD = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.58 to 7.38, p < 0.0001, eight studies), TNF-a (MD = -12.97, 95% CI: -18.37 to -7.57, p < 0.00001, two studies), CRP (MD = - 1.24, 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.77, p < 0.00001, two studies), and MDA (MD = -2.35, 95% CI: -4.47 to -0.24, p = 0.03, three studies). These improvements were statistically significant. Meanwhile, there was no significant improvement in SBP (MD = -4.82, 95% CI: -9.98 to 0.35, p = 0.07, six studies), TG (MD = 1.28, 95% CI: -3.75 to 6.30, p = 0.62, eight studies), IL-6 (MD = -1.5, 95% CI: -3.97 to 0.97, p = 0.23, two studies), or hsCRP (MD = -1.10, 95% CI: -4.35 to 2.16, p < 0.51, two studies). FBS, SBP, HDL-C, IL-6, CRP, hsCRP, and MDA had a relatively high heterogeneity. Conclusion Curcumin exhibited promising potential in enhancing markers associated with metabolic syndrome, including inflammation. However, additional studies are required to confirm such findings since the included evidence is limited and has a relatively high heterogeneity. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42022362553.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Qiu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyang Gao
- Department of Special Needs International Medical, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haonan Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijie Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlei Du
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Boutari C, Hill MA, Procaccini C, Matarese G, Mantzoros CS. The key role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and management of obesity and CVD. Metabolism 2023:155627. [PMID: 37302694 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Boutari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Claudio Procaccini
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Unità di Neuroimmunologia, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Treg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Castela I, Morais J, Barreiros-Mota I, Silvestre MP, Marques C, Rodrigues C, Ismael S, Araújo JR, Ângelo-Dias M, Martins C, Borrego LM, Monteiro R, Coutinho SR, Calhau C, Martins C, Faria A, Pestana D, Teixeira D. Decreased adiponectin/leptin ratio relates to insulin resistance in adults with obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E115-E119. [PMID: 36351292 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysfunction is a key mechanism that leads to adiposity-based chronic disease. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (AdipoQ/Lep) as an adipose tissue and metabolic function biomarker in adults with obesity, without diabetes. Data were collected from a clinical trial conducted in 28 adults with obesity (mean body mass index: 35.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2) (NCT02169778). With the use of a forward stepwise multiple linear regression model to explore the relationship between AdipoQ/Lep and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), it was observed that 48.6% of HOMA-IR variance was explained by triacylglycerols, AdipoQ/Lep, and waist-to-hip ratio (P < 0.001), AdipoQ/Lep being the strongest independent predictor (Beta = -0.449, P < 0.001). A lower AdipoQ/Lep was correlated with higher body mass index (Rs = -0.490, P < 0.001), body fat mass (Rs = -0.486, P < 0.001), waist-to-height ratio (Rs = -0.290, P = 0.037), and plasma resistin (Rs = -0.365, P = 0.009). These data highlight the central role of adipocyte dysfunction in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and emphasize that AdipoQ/Lep may be a promising early marker of insulin resistance development in adults with obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adiponectin/leptin ratio, triacylglycerols, and waist-to-hip ratio explained almost half of HOMA-IR variance in the context of obesity. This study provides evidence to support adipose tissue dysfunction as a central feature of the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance. Early identification of individuals at higher risk of developing metabolic complications through adipose tissue dysfunction assessment and the staging of obesity and its transient phenotypes can contribute to improve therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Castela
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Morais
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- UniC@RISE-Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Barreiros-Mota
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Marques
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Shámila Ismael
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João R Araújo
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Ângelo-Dias
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Martins
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Borrego
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Immunoallergy Department, Hospital da Luz-Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rosário Monteiro
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Health Centre Grouping Porto Ocidental, Family Health Unit Homem do Leme, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Ribeiro Coutinho
- Obesity Research Group, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health Nutrition at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Conceição Calhau
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Martins
- Obesity Research Group, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Centre for Obesity, Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ana Faria
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Pestana
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diana Teixeira
- NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Wu K, Li B, Ma Y, Tu T, Lin Q, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Liu N, Liu Q. Nicotinamide mononucleotide attenuates HIF-1α activation and fibrosis in hypoxic adipose tissue via NAD +/SIRT1 axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1099134. [PMID: 36777361 PMCID: PMC9909340 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is increasingly considered as a major contributor in adipose tissue dysfunction. Hypoxic activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) induces a profibrotic transcription, leading to adipose fibrosis. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a member of the vitamin B3 family, has been shown to relieve hepatic and cardiac fibrosis, but its effects on hypoxic adipose fibrosis and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate the roles of NMN in regulating HIF-1α and fibrosis in hypoxic adipose tissue. METHODS Mice were placed in a hypobaric chamber for four weeks to induce adipose fibrosis. NMN (500 mg/kg, every three days) was administered by intraperitoneal injection. In vitro, Stromal vascular fractions (SVF) cells were treated by hypoxia with or without NMN (200μM), sirtinol (25μM, a SIRT1 inhibitor) and CoCl2 (100μM, a HIF1α enhancer). The effects of NMN on hypoxia-associated adipose fibrosis, inflammation, NAD+/SIRT1 axis alteration, and HIF-1α activation were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blots, immunohistochemistry staining, immunoprecipitation, and assay kits. RESULTS Mice placed in a hypoxic chamber for four weeks showed obvious adipose fibrosis and inflammation, which were attenuated by NMN. NMN also restore the compromised NAD+/SIRT1 axis and inhibited the activation of HIF-1α induced by hypoxia. In hypoxia-induced SVFs, the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol blocked the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of NMN, upregulated the HIF-1α and its acetylation level. The HIF1α stabilizer CoCl2 showed similar effects as sirtinol. CONCLUSION NMN effectively attenuated HIF-1α activation-induced adipose fibrosis and inflammation by restoring the compromised NAD+/SIRT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuzhen Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Liu, ; Na Liu,
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Liu, ; Na Liu,
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22
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Graňák K, Vnučák M, Beliančinová M, Kleinová P, Pytliaková M, Mokáň M, Dedinská I. Adiponectin/leptin ratio as a predictor of acute rejection in early post-transplant period in patients after kidney transplantation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1117819. [PMID: 36873891 PMCID: PMC9981627 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1117819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adipokines are largely involved in the regulation of immune system activity. While leptin is the main pro-inflammatory marker of adipose tissue, adiponectin is characterized by anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of our study was to determine the risk of acute graft rejection in protocol biopsy depending on the adiponectin/leptin (A/L) ratio in patients after kidney transplantation (KT). Materials and methods A total of 104 patients were included in the prospective analysis, in whom the levels of adipokines were examined pre-transplant, in the 3rd month after KT and the A/L ratio was calculated. In the 3rd month after KT, all patients underwent protocol biopsy of the graft and examination of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) using the Luminex method. Results After adjusting for differences in the basic characteristics of the donor and recipient, we identified a subgroup with A/L ratio < 0.5 pre-transplant [HR 1.6126, (P = 0.0133)] and 3 months after KT [HR 1.3150, (P = 0.0172)] as independent risk factor for acute graft rejection. In the subsequent specification of the rejection episode, we identified the risk ratio A/L < 0.5 before KT [HR 2.2353, (P = 0.0357)] and 3 months after KT [HR 3.0954, (P = 0.0237)] as independent risk factor for the development of acute humoral rejection with DSA positivity. Conclusion This is the first study to investigate the relationship between A/L ratio and immunological risk in terms of the development of rejection changes in patients after KT. In our study, we found that A/L ratio < 0.5 is an independent risk factor for the development of acute humoral rejection and de novo DSA production in the third month after KT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Graňák
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Matej Vnučák
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Monika Beliančinová
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Patrícia Kleinová
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Margaréta Pytliaková
- Department of Gastrointestinal Internal Medicine, University Hospital Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marián Mokáň
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Dedinská
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
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Jin W, Li C, Yang S, Song S, Hou W, Song Y, Du Q. Hypolipidemic effect and molecular mechanism of ginsenosides: a review based on oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1166898. [PMID: 37188264 PMCID: PMC10175615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1166898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular and endocrine diseases. However, effective approaches for treating this common metabolic disorder remain limited. Ginseng has traditionally been used as a natural medicine for invigorating energy or "Qi" and has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. A large number of studies have shown that ginsenosides, the main active ingredient of ginseng, have lipid-lowering effects. However, there remains a lack of systematic reviews detailing the molecular mechanisms by which ginsenosides reduce blood lipid levels, especially in relation to oxidative stress. For this article, research studies detailing the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenosides regulate oxidative stress and lower blood lipids in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and its related diseases (diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis) were comprehensively reviewed. The relevant papers were search on seven literature databases. According to the studies reviewed, ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rg1, Rg3, Rh2, Rh4, and F2 inhibit oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and autophagy, and regulating the intestinal flora to alleviate high blood pressure and improve the body's lipid status. These effects are related to the regulation of various signaling pathways, such as those of PPARα, Nrf2, mitogen-activated protein kinases, SIRT3/FOXO3/SOD, and AMPK/SIRT1. These findings suggest that ginseng is a natural medicine with lipid-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jin
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunrun Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyi Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Hou
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Song, ; Quanyu Du,
| | - Quanyu Du
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Song, ; Quanyu Du,
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Zurita-Cruz JN, Villasís-Keever MA, Manuel-Apolinar L, Damasio-Santana L, Garrido-Magaña E, Rivera-Hernández ADJ. Leptin/adiponectin ratio as a prognostic factor for increased weight gain in girls with central precocious puberty. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1101399. [PMID: 36967781 PMCID: PMC10036755 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if the leptin, adiponectin, and leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) can predict weight gain at the end of GnRH analogs (GnRHa) treatment in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Study design: prospective cohort. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were determined at diagnosis of CPP. Anthropometry was performed at diagnosis of CPP and every six-months, until treatment with GnRHa was discontinued and they presented menarche. Patients were divided according to BMI<94 and BMI>95 percentile at diagnosis of CPP. The outcome was the increased in weight gain (e.g., from normal weight to overweight) at the end of follow-up. Statistical analysis: repeated measures ANOVA test and Student's t-test were used to compare groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of leptin and adiponectin levels, as well as LAR values with increased weight gain. RESULTS Fifty-six CPP patients were studied, 18 had BMI >95 percentile and 38 BMI <94 percentile. Of the 18 patients who initially had BMI >95th, two patients went from obesity to overweight, while among the 38 patients who started with BMI <94th, 21 (55.2%) increased their weight gain at the end of follow-up. This last group had higher leptin levels (8.99 ± 0.6 vs 6.14 ± 0.8, p=0.005) and higher LAR values compared to those who remained in the same weight (1.3 ± 0.5 vs 0.96 ± 0.56, p=0.01). In the logistic regression analysis, it was found that higher leptin levels and higher LAR values were associated with increased weight gain (RR 1.31, 95%CI 1.03-1.66, RR 4.86, 95%CI 1.10-21.51, respectively), regardless of birth weight, pubertal stage, age, and bone/chronological age ratio. CONCLUSIONS In patients with CPP, leptin levels and higher LAR values appear to be associated with significantly greater weight gain during GhRHa treatment, particularly in girls starting with BMI < 94 percentile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz
- Medicine Faculty of Autonomous National University, Clinical Research Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Villasís-Keever
- Unit of Analysis and Synthesis of the Evidence, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Miguel Angel Villasís-Keever,
| | - Leticia Manuel-Apolinar
- Department of Endocrinology Research, Hospital of Medical Specialties, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Leticia Damasio-Santana
- Department of Endocrinology Research, Hospital of Medical Specialties, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Eulalia Garrido-Magaña
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Aleida de Jesús Rivera-Hernández
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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Sex- and Age-Dependent Changes in the Adiponectin/Leptin Ratio in Experimental Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010073. [PMID: 36615734 PMCID: PMC9823624 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological sex and aging impact obesity development and type 2 diabetes, changing the secretion of leptin and adiponectin. The balance between these factors has been propounded as a reliable biomarker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Our proposal was to study sexual differences and aging on the adiponectin/leptin (Adpn/Lep) ratio in order to acquire a broader view of the impact of consuming an high-fat diet (HFD) on energy metabolism according to sex and age. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal chow diet or an HFD for 12 or 32 weeks (n = 7−10 per group) and evolution of body weight, food intake and metabolic profile were registered. The HFD triggered an increase in body weight (p < 0.001), body weight gain (p < 0.01) and adiposity index (p < 0.01) in both sexes at 32 weeks of age, but female mice fed the HFD exhibited these changes to a significantly lower extent than males. Aged female mice showed an increase (p < 0.01) in the Adpn/Lep ratio, which was negatively correlated with body weight gain, changes in different fat depots and insulin resistance. Females were more metabolically protected from obesity development and its related comorbidities than males regardless of age, making the Adpn/Lep ratio a relevant factor for body composition and glucose metabolism.
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Graňák K, Vnučák M, Beliančinová M, Kleinová P, Pytliaková M, Miklušica J, Dedinská I. Adiponectin/Leptin Ratio as an Index to Determine Metabolic Risk in Patients after Kidney Transplantation. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58111656. [PMID: 36422195 PMCID: PMC9695584 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: It has been confirmed that adiponectin/leptin (A/L) ratio correlates better with cardiometabolic risk factors than hormone levels alone. The aim of our study was to determine the risk of developing post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and other metabolic conditions depending on A/L ratio after kidney transplantation (KT). Material and Methods: In a prospective analysis, the studied samples were divided into three groups: control group, prediabetes and PTDM group. Pre-transplantation, at 3, 6 and 12 months after KT, we recorded basic characteristics of donor and recipient. We also monitored levels of adipocytokines and calculated A/L ratio. Results: During observed period, we recorded significant increase in A/L ratio in control group (p = 0.0013), on the contrary, a significant decrease in PTDM group (p = 0.0003). Using Cox regression Hazard model, we identified age at time of KT (HR 2.8226, p = 0.0225), triglycerides at 1 year (HR 3.5735, p = 0.0174) and A/L ratio < 0.5 as independent risk factors for prediabetes and PTDM 1-year post-transplant (HR 3.1724, p = 0.0114). Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate the relationship between A/L and risk of PTDM and associated metabolic states after KT. We found out that A/L ratio <0.5 is independent risk factor for prediabetes and PTDM 1 year post-transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Graňák
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Kollárova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Matej Vnučák
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Kollárova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-43-4203-220
| | - Monika Beliančinová
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Kollárova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Patrícia Kleinová
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Kollárova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Margaréta Pytliaková
- Department of Gastrointestinal Internal Medicine, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Miklušica
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Dedinská
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital Martin, Kollárova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
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Makker K, Zhang M, Wang G, Hong X, Aziz KB, Wang X. Maternal and fetal factors affecting cord plasma leptin and adiponectin levels and their ratio in preterm and term newborns: New insight on fetal origins of metabolic dysfunction. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00013. [PMID: 36968193 PMCID: PMC10035290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Understanding of maternal and fetal factors affecting leptin, adiponectin and adiponectin: leptin ratio at birth, may provide valuable insights into potential future risk of metabolic alterations and inform primordial prevention and precision nutrition strategies. Objective To identify maternal and fetal risk factors that affect leptin and adiponectin levels (markers of adiposity) and adiponectin/leptin ratio (a marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue) at birth. Methods We studied mother-infant pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort. Cord blood was collected at birth. We used student t-tests to compare log normalized cord leptin and adiponectin levels. Regression analysis were performed to examine the association of maternal and fetal factors with leptin and adiponectin levels and adiponectin: leptin ratio at birth in both term and preterm infants. Results We analyzed 1012 infants (245 preterm). Both cord leptin and adiponectin were higher in term infants than preterm infants (10.2 ± 0.9 vs. 9.2 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001 and 9.5 ± 0.7 vs. 8.9 ± 0.8, p < 0.0001 respectively). Cord leptin was higher for Black infants (10.1 ± 1.1 vs. 9.9 ± 1.2; p < 0.001) although Black (ref: non Black) infants had lower cord adiponectin levels (9.3 ± 0.8 vs. 9.5 ± 0.7; p = 0.01). Ratio of adiponectin to leptin (log normalized) was higher in preterm infants (-0.24) vs. term infants (-0.69). On regression analysis cord leptin was positively associated with longer gestational age, birth weight z score, Black race, maternal overweight and obesity, gestational diabetes and pregestational diabetes mellitus and negatively associated with male sex. Cord adiponectin was positively associated with gestational age, birth weight z score and negatively with Black race and male sex. Adiponectin: leptin ratio was positively with male sex and negatively with GA, birth wt. z score, Black race, gestational DM, pregestational DM and maternal overweight and obesity. Conclusion We identified several factors that affect leptin and adiponectin levels along with adiponectin-leptin ratio at birth beyond GA and birth weight which could also play an important role in influencing the trajectory of these hormones and future cardio metabolic outcomes. This knowledge can help tailor precision nutrition interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Makker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Khyzer B. Aziz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Exenatide increases CTRP3 gene expression in adipose cells by inhibiting adipogenesis and induces apoptosis. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105479. [PMID: 36152787 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Considering the rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, the number of weight control drugs is very few. Incretin-based therapies are currently being developed to achieve weight control, and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) are used in incretin-based therapies. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of exenatide, a GLP-1A, on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the effect of exenatide on the expression of adipogenesis-related genes, insulin and glucose levels, and apoptosis. Cytotoxic activity of exenatide on 3T3-L1 adipocytes was determined by MTT method. Gene expression levels were determined by qPCR. Apoptosis studies were performed on the Muse Cell Analyzer. C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) expression levels were found to be higher in exenatide treated adipocyte cells than in control cells (p < 0.001). Adipocyte cells treated with exenatide were found to have lower PPAR-γ gene expression levels when compared to control adipocyte cells (p < 0.001). Intracellular insulin (p < 0.001) and glucose levels were higher in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with exenatide compared to control adipocyte cells. Total apoptosis increased approximately 1.5 times as a result of exenatide administration. The increase in CTRP3 gene expression, which is thought to be a new biomarker for obesity, and the decrease in PPAR-γ gene expression indicate that exenatide is a promising new pharmacotherapeutic agent in the treatment of obesity by regulating the expression of genes related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis and inducing apoptosis.
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Makker K, Zhang M, Wang G, Hong X, Aziz KB, Wang X. Maternal and fetal factors affecting cord plasma leptin and adiponectin levels and their ratio in preterm and term newborns: New insight on fetal origins of metabolic dysfunction. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00013. [PMID: 37745945 PMCID: PMC10035290 DOI: 10.1097/pn9.0000000000000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Understanding of maternal and fetal factors affecting leptin, adiponectin, and adiponectin:leptin ratio at birth may provide valuable insights into potential future risk of metabolic alterations and inform primordial prevention and precision nutrition strategies. The objective of this study is to identify maternal and fetal risk factors that affect leptin and adiponectin levels (markers of adiposity) and adiponectin/leptin ratio (a marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue) at birth. Methods We studied mother-infant pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort. Cord blood was collected at birth. We used student t- tests to compare log normalized cord leptin and adiponectin levels. Regression analysis was performed to examine the association of maternal and fetal factors with leptin and adiponectin levels and adiponectin:leptin ratio at birth in both term and preterm infants. Results We analyzed 1012 infants (245 preterm). Both cord leptin and adiponectin were higher in term infants than preterm infants (10.2 ± 0.9 vs. 9.2 ± 1.3, P < 0.0001 and 9.5 ± 0.7 vs. 8.9 ± 0.8, P < 0.0001, respectively). Cord leptin was higher for Black infants (10.1 ± 1.1 vs. 9.9 ± 1.2; P < 0.001) although Black (ref: non-Black) infants had lower cord adiponectin levels (9.3 ± 0.8 vs. 9.5 ± 0.7; P = 0.01). Ratio of adiponectin to leptin (log normalized) was higher in preterm infants (-0.24) vs. term infants (-0.69). On regression analysis, cord leptin was positively associated with longer gestational age (GA), birth weight z score, Black race, maternal overweight and obesity, gestational diabetes and pregestational diabetes mellitus and negatively associated with male sex. Cord adiponectin was positively associated with GA, birth weight z score and negatively with Black race and male sex. Adiponectin:leptin ratio was positively with male sex and negatively with GA, birth weight z score, Black race, gestational DM, pregestational DM and maternal overweight and obesity. Conclusions We identified several factors that affect leptin and adiponectin levels along with adiponectin-leptin ratio at birth beyond GA and birth weight which could also play an important role in influencing the trajectory of these hormones and future cardiometabolic outcomes. This knowledge can help tailor precision nutrition interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Makker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Khyzer B. Aziz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Villano I, La Marra M, Allocca S, Ilardi CR, Polito R, Porro C, Chieffi S, Messina G, Monda V, Di Maio G, Messina A. The Role of Nutraceutical Supplements, Monacolin K and Astaxanthin, and Diet in Blood Cholesterol Homeostasis in Patients with Myopathy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081118. [PMID: 36009012 PMCID: PMC9405860 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that different combinations of nutraceutical supplements may improve the lipid profile, representing a viable alternative to statins. However, their effects on individuals with myopathy need to be investigated. The aim of our study was to explore the mid- and long-term physiological effects of monacolin k (5 mg) and astaxanthin (0.1 mg) supplements in association with a low-energy/fat diet in a group of subjects with mild myopathy. Eighty subjects (44 women) took part in this observational study. Participants were assigned to the experimental group (EG, n = 40, 24 women) treated with a low-energy/fat diet (1200-1500 Kcal/day and 15-20% lipids) in combination with monacolin k (5 mg) and astaxanthin (0.1 mg) supplementation, and to the control group (CG, n = 40, 20 women) treated only with a low-energy/fat diet (1200-1500 Kcal/day and 15-20% lipids). BMI and biochemical parameters (blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP) and creatine phosphokinase-CPK) were collected at baseline (T0), after 12 (T1) and 24 (T2) weeks. A mixed factorial ANOVA was performed to determine if there were significant main effects and/or interactions between time and treatment. Treatment (EG vs. CG) was entered as the between-subjects factor and time (T0 vs. T1 vs. T2) as the within-subject factor. We found a significant improvement in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, PCR and CPK parameters in EG compared with CG. Our results highlight the efficacy and safety of combined use of monacolin k (5 mg) and astaxanthin (0.1 mg) in combination with a low-energy/fat diet in the treatment of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Allocca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Girolamo Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Muhammed AA, Eid RMHM, Mohammed WS, Abdel-Fadeil MR. An association between adropin hormone and total testosterone in obese men: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:192. [PMID: 35897011 PMCID: PMC9327160 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with low testosterone levels that could be caused by many mechanisms. Adropin, a peptide hormone, its levels are decreased in obesity and its receptors are expressed in the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the testis. Adropin association to total testosterone in obese men is not detected yet. This study tries to find out possible associations between serum levels of adropin, adiponectin, total testosterone, and lipid profile in obese men. METHODS Serum levels of adropin, adiponectin, total testosterone, and lipid profile parameters were measured in 43 obese men and 40 age-matched normal-weight men. RESULTS Adropin, adiponectin, and testosterone levels were significantly lower in obese men versus normal-weight men. In all participants, positive correlations between adropin, adiponectin, and total testosterone were detected. Adropin is considered a predictor risk factor for testosterone. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a possible causal relationship between adropin and total testosterone which needs further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clincialtrials.gov NCT03724825 , registered October 30th, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Muhammed
- Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81511, Egypt.
| | - Rania M H M Eid
- Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81511, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Salah Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud R Abdel-Fadeil
- Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Palma G, Sorice GP, Genchi VA, Giordano F, Caccioppoli C, D’Oria R, Marrano N, Biondi G, Giorgino F, Perrini S. Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Pulmonary Dysfunction in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137349. [PMID: 35806353 PMCID: PMC9267094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease caused by an excess of adipose tissue that may impair health by altering the functionality of various organs, including the lungs. Excessive deposition of fat in the abdominal area can lead to abnormal positioning of the diaphragm and consequent reduction in lung volume, leading to a heightened demand for ventilation and increased exposure to respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and obstructive sleep apnoea. In addition to mechanical ventilatory constraints, excess fat and ectopic deposition in visceral depots can lead to adipose tissue dysfunction, which promotes metabolic disorders. An altered adipokine-secretion profile from dysfunctional adipose tissue in morbid obesity fosters systemic, low-grade inflammation, impairing pulmonary immune response and promoting airway hyperresponsiveness. A potential target of these adipokines could be the NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical component of the innate immune system, the harmful pro-inflammatory effect of which affects both adipose and lung tissue in obesity. In this review, we will investigate the crosstalk between adipose tissue and the lung in obesity, highlighting the main inflammatory mediators and novel therapeutic targets in preventing pulmonary dysfunction.
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Karra P, Winn M, Pauleck S, Bulsiewicz-Jacobsen A, Peterson L, Coletta A, Doherty J, Ulrich CM, Summers SA, Gunter M, Hardikar S, Playdon MC. Metabolic dysfunction and obesity-related cancer: Beyond obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1323-1334. [PMID: 35785479 PMCID: PMC9302704 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The metabolic dysfunction driven by obesity, including hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, increases risk for developing at least 13 cancer types. The concept of "metabolic dysfunction" is often defined by meeting various combinations of criteria for metabolic syndrome. However, the lack of a unified definition of metabolic dysfunction makes it difficult to compare findings across studies. This review summarizes 129 studies that evaluated variable definitions of metabolic dysfunction in relation to obesity-related cancer risk and mortality after a cancer diagnosis. Strategies for metabolic dysfunction management are also discussed. METHODS A comprehensive search of relevant publications in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar with review of references was conducted. RESULTS Metabolic dysfunction, defined as metabolic syndrome diagnosis or any number of metabolic syndrome criteria out of clinical range, inflammatory biomarkers, or markers of metabolic organ function, has been associated with risk for, and mortality from, colorectal, pancreatic, postmenopausal breast, and bladder cancers. Metabolic dysfunction associations with breast and colorectal cancer risk have been observed independently of BMI, with increased risk in individuals with metabolically unhealthy normal weight or overweight/obesity compared with metabolically healthy normal weight. CONCLUSION Metabolic dysfunction is a key risk factor for obesity-related cancer, regardless of obesity status. Nonetheless, a harmonized definition of metabolic dysfunction will further clarify the magnitude of the relationship across cancer types, enable better comparisons across studies, and further guide criteria for obesity-related cancer risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasoona Karra
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Maci Winn
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Svenja Pauleck
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Lacie Peterson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Adriana Coletta
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jennifer Doherty
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Ulrich
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marc Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mary C. Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Shridas P, Ji A, Trumbauer AC, Noffsinger VP, Leung SW, Dugan AJ, Thatcher SE, Cassis LA, de Beer FC, Webb NR, Tannock LR. Adipocyte-Derived Serum Amyloid A Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Obese C57BL/6J Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:632-643. [PMID: 35344382 PMCID: PMC9050948 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases the risk for human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and enhances Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced AAA formation in C57BL/6J mice. Obesity is also associated with increases in perivascular fat that expresses proinflammatory markers including SAA (serum amyloid A). We previously reported that deficiency of SAA significantly reduces Ang II-induced inflammation and AAA in hyperlipidemic apoE-deficient mice. In this study. we investigated whether adipose tissue-derived SAA plays a role in Ang II-induced AAA in obese C57BL/6J mice. METHODS The development of AAA was compared between male C57BL/6J mice (wild type), C57BL/6J mice lacking SAA1.1, SAA2.1, and SAA3 (TKO); and TKO mice harboring a doxycycline-inducible, adipocyte-specific SAA1.1 transgene (TKO-Tgfat; SAA expressed only in fat). All mice were fed an obesogenic diet and doxycycline to induce SAA transgene expression and infused with Ang II to induce AAA. RESULTS In response to Ang II infusion, SAA expression was significantly increased in perivascular fat of obese C57BL/6J mice. Maximal luminal diameters of the abdominal aorta were determined by ultrasound before and after Ang II infusion, which indicated a significant increase in aortic luminal diameters in wild type and TKO-TGfat mice but not in TKO mice. Adipocyte-specific SAA expression was associated with MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity and macrophage infiltration in abdominal aortas of Ang II-infused obese mice. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that SAA deficiency protects obese C57BL/6J mice from Ang II-induced AAA. SAA expression only in adipocytes is sufficient to cause AAA in obese mice infused with Ang II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Shridas
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Ailing Ji
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Andrea C Trumbauer
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Victoria P Noffsinger
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Steve W Leung
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Adam J Dugan
- Biostatistics (A.J.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Sean E Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (S.E.T.)
| | - Lisa A Cassis
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Frederick C de Beer
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Nancy R Webb
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences (L.A.C., N.R.W.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lisa R Tannock
- Departments of Internal Medicine (P.S., A.J., V.P.N., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (P.S., A.C.T., S.W.L., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center (P.S., F.C.d.B., N.R.W., L.R.T.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Lexington, KY (L.R.T.)
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Negi PC, Sharma CK, Nihjawan R, Sharma R, Asotra S. Role of omega 3 and omega 6 poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and vitamin D deficiency as risk determinants of metabolic syndrome in obesity: Worksite based case-control observational study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102467. [PMID: 35349963 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Risk factors for metabolic syndrome among obese population are not clear. The role of Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Arachidonic acid (AA) Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA), their ratio and vitamin D deficiency as risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) was explored in obese worksite workers. METHODS The 145 obese worksite workers were enrolled and MS was diagnosed using adult treatment panel III criteria. The levels of EPA, AA PUFA were estimated using liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometer and vitamin D levels with ELISA method. The association of MS with the tertiles of EPA, AA PUFAs, their ratio and vitamin D was estimated by calculating odds ratio and 95% C.I., taking lowest tertiles as the reference group using logistic regression model adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS 105 out of 145 obese worksite workers; 72.4%, 95% C.I. (64.5%, 79.5%) had metabolic syndrome. The odd of MS was significantly lower in the group having highest tertiles of EPA 0.24 (0.09, 0.71) and was higher 2.0 (1.02, 3.89) in subjects with highest tertiles of AA: EPA ratio. The AA PUFA and vitamin D levels had no significant association with MS. CONCLUSION The low levels of omega 3 PUFA (EPA) and elevated ratio of AA: EPA PUFA was significantly associated with MS in obese works site workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chand Negi
- Department of Cardiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, India.
| | - Chander Kant Sharma
- Multi Disciplinary Research Unit, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Rahul Nihjawan
- Department of Cardiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, India
| | - Sanjeev Asotra
- Department of Cardiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, HP, India
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Livingston KA, Koh E, Adlouni M, Hassan A, Gan W, Yijun zhang M, Falohun T, Peden EK, Rahimi M. Vasculink iPhone Application and Risk Prediction Model for Groin Complication in Vascular Surgery. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 85:237-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rahman MM, Liu FF, Eckel SP, Sankaranarayanan I, Shafiei-Jahani P, Howard E, Baronikian L, Sattler F, Lurmann FW, Allayee H, Akbari O, McConnell R. Near-roadway air pollution, immune cells and adipokines among obese young adults. Environ Health 2022; 21:36. [PMID: 35305663 PMCID: PMC8933931 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been associated with metabolic disease and obesity. Adipokines are potential mediators of these effects, but studies of air pollution-adipokine relationships are inconclusive. Macrophage and T cells in adipose tissue (AT) and blood modulate inflammation; however, the role of immune cells in air pollution-induced dysregulation of adipokines has not been studied. We examined the association between air pollution exposure and circulating and AT adipokine concentrations, and whether these relationships were modified by macrophage and T cell numbers in the blood and AT. METHODS Fasting blood and abdominal subcutaneous AT biopsies were collected from 30 overweight/obese 18-26 year-old volunteers. Flow cytometry was used to quantify T effector (Teff, inflammatory) and regulatory (Treg, anti-inflammatory) lymphocytes and M1 [inflammatory] and M2 [anti-inflammatory]) macrophage cell number. Serum and AT leptin and adiponectin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Exposure to near-roadway air pollution (NRAP) from freeway and non-freeway vehicular sources and to regional particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and ozone were estimated for the year prior to biopsy, based on participants' residential addresses. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between air pollution exposures and adipokines and to evaluate effect modification by immune cell counts. RESULTS An interquartile increase in non-freeway NRAP exposure during 1 year prior to biopsy was associated with higher leptin levels in both serum [31.7% (95% CI: 10.4, 52.9%)] and AT [19.4% (2.2, 36.6%)]. Non-freeway NRAP exposure effect estimates were greater among participants with greater than median Teff/Treg ratio and M1/M2 ratio in blood, and with greater M1 counts in AT. No adipokine associations with regional air pollutants were found. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that NRAP may increase serum leptin levels in obese young adults, and this association may be promoted in a pro-inflammatory immune cell environment in blood and AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafijur Rahman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street Building: SSB, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Fei Fei Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street Building: SSB, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street Building: SSB, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Emily Howard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lilit Baronikian
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fred Sattler
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street Building: SSB, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street Building: SSB, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Liang J, Sun Z, Wu Q, Liu Y, Sun C. Leptin: an entry point for the treatment of peripheral tissue fibrosis and related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108608. [PMID: 35180626 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is a small peptide mainly secreted by adipocyte, which acts on the central nervous system of the hypothalamus to regulate the body's energy balance by inhibiting food intake, it also can directly act on specific cells through leptin receptors (for example, ObRa, which exists in the blood-brain barrier or kidneys), thereby affect cell metabolism. Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) causes damage to normal tissues or destruction of organ structure, which will eventually lead to tissue or organ fibrosis. The sustainable development of fibrosis can lead to structural damage and functional decline of organs, and even exhaustion, which seriously threatens human health and life. In recent years, studies have found that leptin directly alleviates the fibrosis process of various tissues and organs in mammals. Therefore, we speculate that leptin may become a significant treatment for fibrosis of various tissues and organs in the future. So, the main purpose of this review is to explore the specific mechanism of leptin in the process of fibrosis in multiple tissues and organs, and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of various tissues and organs fibrosis and related diseases caused by it, which is of great significance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yizhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Juntong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhuwen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
| | - Yongnian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhu S, Zhang J, Wang W, Jiang X, Chen YQ. Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis : Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:377-388. [PMID: 35122619 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with an increasing global prevalence associated with tremendous clinical, economic, and health-related quality-of-life burden. Currently, no effective pharmacological therapy is available for NAFLD. Adipogenesis process is accompanied by fat synthesis which may participate in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Despite intensive investigations, numerous mechanistic aspects of adipogenesis remain unclear and many potential therapeutic targets are yet to be discovered.In this study, the transcriptomics and lipidomics approaches were used to explore the functional genes regulating adipogenesis and the potential mechanism in OP9 cells and adipose-derived stem cells.We find that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit b9 (Ndufb9) is up-regulated in adipogenesis (p < 0.001), and silencing Ndufb9 (83% silencing efficiency) inhibits adipogenesis. The effect of Ndufb9 is mediated through stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1). Aramchol, a SCD1 inhibitor, significantly blocks adipogenesis (markedly TG decrease, p < 0.001).Our study broadens the understanding of the role of Ndufb9 in adipogenesis and provides a new target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. .,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Tirandi A, Carbone F, Montecucco F, Liberale L. The role of metabolic syndrome in sudden cardiac death risk: Recent evidence and future directions. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13693. [PMID: 34714544 PMCID: PMC9286662 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a frequent condition whose deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system are often underestimated. MetS is nowadays considered a real pandemic with an estimated prevalence of 25% in general population. Individuals with MetS are at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) as this condition accounts for 50% of all cardiac deaths in such a population. Of interest, recent studies demonstrated that individuals with MetS show 70% increased risk of SCD even without previous history of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, little is known about the interplay between the two conditions. MetS is a complex disease determined by genetic predisposition, unhealthy lifestyle and ageing with deleterious effects on different organs. MetS components trigger a systemic chronic low-grade pro-inflammatory state, associated with excess of sympathetic activity, cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmias and atherosclerosis. Thus, MetS has an important burden on the cardiovascular system as demonstrated by both preclinical and clinical evidence. The aim of this review is to summarize recent evidence concerning the association between MetS and SCD, showing possible common aetiological processes, and to indicate prospective for future studies and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Tirandi
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
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Protective role of intergenerational paternal resistance training on fibrosis, inflammatory profile, and redox status in the adipose tissue of rat offspring fed with a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2022; 295:120377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Frühbeck G, Catalán V, Ramírez B, Valentí V, Becerril S, Rodríguez A, Moncada R, Baixauli J, Silva C, Escalada J, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Serum Levels of IL-1 RA Increase with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and are Reduced After Bariatric Surgery in Parallel to Adiposity. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1331-1345. [PMID: 35237063 PMCID: PMC8884708 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s354095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excess adiposity leads to a dysfunctional adipose tissue that contributes to the development of obesity-associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a naturally occurring antagonist of the IL-1 receptor with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to compare the circulating concentrations of IL-1RA and its mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in subjects with normal weight (NW), obesity with normoglycemia (OB-NG), or obesity with impaired glucose tolerance or T2D (OB-IGT&T2D) and to analyze the effect of changes in body fat percentage (BF%) on IL-1RA levels. Methods Serum concentrations of IL-1RA were measured in 156 volunteers. Expression of IL1RN mRNA in VAT obtained from 36 individuals was determined. In addition, the concentrations of IL-1RA were measured before and after weight gain as well as weight loss following a dietetic program or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Results Serum levels of IL-1RA were significantly increased in individuals with obesity, being further increased in the OB-IGT&T2D group (NW 440 ± 316, OB-NG 899 ± 562, OB-IGT&T2D 1265 ± 739 pg/mL; P<0.001) and associated with markers of inflammation and fatty liver. IL1RN mRNA expression in VAT was significantly increased in the OB-IGT&T2D group and correlated in the global cohort with the mRNA expression of SPP1, CCL2, CD68, and MMP9. Levels of IL-1RA were not modified after modest changes in BF%, but RYGB-induced weight loss significantly decreased IL-1RA concentrations from 1233 ± 1009 to 660 ± 538 pg/mL (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum IL-1RA concentrations are increased in patients with obesity being further elevated in obesity-associated IGT and T2D in association with markers of adipose tissue dysfunction. The mRNA expression of IL1RN is markedly increased in VAT of subjects with obesity and T2D in relation with genes involved in macrophage recruitment, inflammation and matrix remodeling. Serum IL-1RA concentrations are reduced when a notable amount of BF% is loss. Measurement of IL-1RA is an excellent biomarker of adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity-associated metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramírez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Víctor Valentí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moncada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Anesthesia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge Baixauli
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Camilo Silva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, 31008, Spain, Tel +34 948 425600 (ext. 806567), Email
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Annunziata C, Pirozzi C, Lama A, Senzacqua M, Comella F, Bordin A, Monnolo A, Pelagalli A, Ferrante MC, Mollica MP, Iossa A, De Falco E, Mattace Raso G, Cinti S, Giordano A, Meli R. Palmitoylethanolamide Promotes White-to-Beige Conversion and Metabolic Reprogramming of Adipocytes: Contribution of PPAR-α. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020338. [PMID: 35214069 PMCID: PMC8880285 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of brown and beige adipose tissue against obesity has been recognized. Browning, or beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) is associated with the remodeling of adipocytes and the improvement of their metabolic and secretory functions. Here, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) restore the plasticity of brown and white adipocytes impaired in mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). Young male C57Bl/6J mice were fed with control (STD) diet or HFD for 12 weeks. Ultramicronized PEA (30 mg/kg/die p.o.) was administered for an additional 7 weeks, together with HFD. PEA recovered interscapular brown fat morphology and function, increasing UCP1 positivity, noradrenergic innervation, and inducing the mRNA transcription of several specialized thermogenic genes. PEA promotes the beige-conversion of the subcutaneous WAT, increasing thermogenic markers and restoring leptin signaling and tissue hormone sensitivity. The pivotal role of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α in PEA effects was determined in mature 3T3-L1. Moreover, PEA improved mitochondrial bioenergetics in mature adipocytes measured by a Seahorse analyzer and induced metabolic machinery via AMPK phosphorylation. All these outcomes were dampened by the receptor antagonist GW6471. Finally, PEA induced adipogenic differentiation and increased AMPK phosphorylation in human adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) obtained from subcutaneous WAT of normal-weight patients and patients with obesity. We identify PEA and PPAR-α activation as the main mechanism by which PEA can rewire energy-storing white into energy-consuming brown-like adipocytes via multiple and converging effects that restore WAT homeostasis and metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Adriano Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Martina Senzacqua
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Federica Comella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Anna Monnolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.F.)
| | - Alessandra Pelagalli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Ferrante
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.F.)
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angelo Iossa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.B.); (A.I.); (E.D.F.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocenter, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mattace Raso
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (M.S.); (S.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (C.P.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (G.M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-167-8413 (ext. 80131)
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Changes in Antihypertensive Medication Following Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:1312-1324. [PMID: 35083703 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of hypertension (i.e., high blood pressure [BP]). While hypertension can be managed with antihypertensive medication, substantial weight loss can also lower BP, reducing the need for antihypertensive medication. Articles in this review (n = 60) presented data on antihypertensive medication use among adults pre- and postoperatively. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was the most studied surgical approach followed by Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Antihypertensive medication was discontinued in a large proportion of patients after surgery, and the mean number of antihypertensive medications decreased by approximately one. In almost a third of the studies, over 75% of participants experienced hypertension remission. All articles aside from two reported a decrease in systolic BP, with about 40% reporting a decrease of ≥ 10 mm Hg.
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A Combination of Aerobic Exercise at Fatmax and Low Resistance Training Increases Fat Oxidation and Maintains Muscle Mass, in Women Waiting for Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:1130-1140. [PMID: 35048250 PMCID: PMC8933381 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is no consensus on the best exercise recommendation for women affected by severe obesity while they are waiting for bariatric surgery. For this reason, the effects of a combination of aerobic exercise performed at the intensity at which maximal fat oxidation is reached (Fatmax) with low-intensity resistance training were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty sedentary middle-aged Caucasian women (43.2 ± 7.5 years, BMI = 46.5 ± 5.9 kg·m-2) were allocated to a control group (CG, n = 10) that followed solely the conventional preoperative care or to an experimental group (EG, n = 10) that, in addition, performed a 12-week individualized and supervised physical activity program (PAP) that combined aerobic training at Fatmax with low-intensity resistance training. RESULTS After the PAP, maximal fat oxidation during exercise increased in the EG (0.187 ± 0.068 vs 0.239 ± 0.080 g·min-1, p = 0.025, pre vs. post, respectively), but resting fat oxidation did not (0.088 ± 0.034 vs 0.092 ± 0.029 g·min-1, p = 0.685, pre vs. post, respectively). Additionally, the resting metabolic rate in the EG was also unchanged (1869 ± 406 vs. 1894 ± 336 kcal; p = 0.827, pre vs. post, respectively), probably because of the effects of resistance training on the maintenance of fat-free mass. No significant changes were observed in the CG. CONCLUSION A PAP that combines aerobic exercise at Fatmax with low resistance training may counteract some of the deleterious side effects of the standard presurgical care of women waiting for bariatric surgery and increase maximal fat oxidation during exercise.
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Ismaiel A, Spinu M, Socaciu C, Budisan L, Leucuta DC, Popa SL, Chis BA, Berindan-Neagoe I, Olinic DM, Dumitrascu DL. Metabolic biomarkers related to cardiac dysfunction in metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional analysis. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:4. [PMID: 35042855 PMCID: PMC8764324 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic steatosis is associated with cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Therefore, we evaluated metabolites and their potential cardiovascular effects in metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 75 participants (38 MAFLD and 37 controls). Hepatic steatosis was confirmed by hepatic ultrasonography and SteatoTestTM. Cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography. Metabolomic analysis was conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The median age for participants' age was 45 (IQR 30-56.5), with gender distribution of 35 males and 40 females. MAFLD patients had lower levels of glycyl tyrosine (p-value < 0.001), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (18:2/0:0) (p-value < 0.001), LPC (22:6) (p-value < 0.001), and ceramide (Cer) (d18:0/23:0) (p-value 0.003) compared to controls. MAFLD patients presented lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E/A ratio, E/e' ratio, and average global longitudinal strain (GLS) values, with a p-value of 0.047, <0.001, 0.008, and <0.001, respectively. Decreased glycyl tyrosine levels were significantly correlated with reduced LVEF, even after performing multiple linear regression with 95% CI (1.34-3.394, p-value < 0.001). Moreover, decreased LPC (18:2/0:0) levels remained significantly associated with E/A ratio, even after adjusting for confounding factors with 95% CI (0.008-0.258, p-value = 0.042). CONCLUSION MAFLD patients are at risk for developing cardiac systolic and subclinical systolic dysfunctions, as well as diastolic dysfunction. Decreased glycyl tyrosine levels correlate with reduced LVEF and LPC (18:2/0:0) levels with diastolic dysfunction, even after adjusting for confounding factors, suggesting their potential to be used as metabolic biomarkers in detecting cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihail Spinu
- Medical Clinic No. 1, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine & BIODIATECH - Research Center on Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Livia Budisan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stefan-Lucian Popa
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bogdan Augustin Chis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine-Medfuture, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Mircea Olinic
- Medical Clinic No. 1, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania
| | - Dan L Dumitrascu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Decreased Adiponectin Levels Are a Risk Factor for Cognitive Decline in Spinal Cord Injury. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5389162. [PMID: 35082930 PMCID: PMC8786530 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5389162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) has become popular in recent years, and cognitive decline is a common complication. Adiponectin is a common protein hormone involved in the course of many diseases, but its relationship with SCI has not yet been elucidated. The purpose of our prospective study is to explore whether adiponectin can be used as a biomarker of cognitive decline in SCI. Methods A total of 64 healthy volunteers and 92 patients with acute SCI were recruited by us. Serum adiponectin levels, demographic data (age and gender), lifestyle (smoking and drinking), medical history (diabetes and hypertension), and clinical baseline data (low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and fasting blood glucose) were recorded. Three months after enrollment, we used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate cognitive function. Based on a quarter of the serum adiponectin levels, SCI patients were divided into 4 groups, and the differences in their MoCA scores were compared. In addition, we used multivariate linear regression to predict the risk factors of the MoCA score. Results The serum adiponectin level (6.1 ± 1.1 μg/ml) of SCI patients was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group (6.7 ± 0.9 μg/ml), and there was a significant difference between the two (p < 0.001). The group with higher serum adiponectin levels after 3 months of spinal cord injury had higher MoCA scores. Multivariate regression analysis showed that serum adiponectin level is a protective factor for cognitive function after SCI (β = 0.210, p = 0.043). Conclusions Serum adiponectin levels can be used as an independent predictor of cognitive function in patients with acute SCI.
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Tamme R, Jürimäe J, Mäestu E, Remmel L, Purge P, Mengel E, Tillmann V. Leptin to adiponectin ratio in puberty is associated with bone mineral density in 18-year-old males. Bone Rep 2022; 16:101158. [PMID: 34977280 PMCID: PMC8683673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inconsistent associations of leptin and adiponectin with bone mineral characteristics in puberty and adolescence have been reported. We aimed to examine the associations between leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) in puberty and bone mineral characteristics at the age of 18 years in healthy males. Materials and methods 88 white Caucasian boys were investigated at T1 (mean age 12.1 years), T2 (14.0 years) and T3 (18.0 years). Serum leptin and adiponectin were measured and LAR was calculated at T1, T2 and T3, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) for total body and lumbar spine (LS) at T1 and T3. Spearman correlation coefficient and partial correlation analyses were used to describe the associations between mean pubertal LAR and BMD at T3. Results Mean pubertal LAR was negatively correlated with both LS BMD (r = −0.23; P < 0.05) and LS BMAD at T3 (r = −0.33; P < 0.05). These associations remained significant also in partial correlation analysis after controlling for total body fat percentage, total testosterone, HOMA-IR and physical activity at T1 (r = −0.31; P < 0.05 and r = −0.41; P < 0.05 respectively). Conclusion LAR in puberty is negatively associated with lumbar spine BMD and lumbar spine BMAD at the age of 18 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeli Tamme
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Mäestu
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Purge
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eva Mengel
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
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Tonon F, Di Bella S, Giudici F, Zerbato V, Segat L, Koncan R, Misin A, Toffoli B, D'Agaro P, Luzzati R, Fabris B, Bernardi S. Discriminatory Value of Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio for COVID-19 Pneumonia. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:9908450. [PMID: 35529082 PMCID: PMC9072020 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9908450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Circulating adipokines have been associated with inflammatory burden and amplified or dysregulated immune responses. This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory ability of adipokines to identify COVID-19 pneumonia and to assess disease severity. METHODS We conducted an observational case-control study, with a prospective design, and recruited patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia (n = 48) and healthy controls (n = 36), who were matched by age, sex, and BMI. Leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had higher levels of leptin, lower adiponectin/leptin (Adpn/Lep) ratio, and higher expression of IL-6. Leptin had an acceptable discriminatory accuracy for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with BMI >30 (AUC 0.74 [0.58, 0.90]) with a cutoff of 7852 pg/mL and it was associated with maximum respiratory support. By contrast, Adpn/Lep had an excellent discriminatory accuracy for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with BMI <25 (AUC 0.9 [0.74, 1.06]) with a cutoff of 2.23. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that high Adpn/Lep (>2.23) in lean patients is consistent with a state of good health, which decreases in case of inflammatory states, ranging from adipose tissue dysfunction with low-grade inflammation to COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- SC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Fabiola Giudici
- Gustave-Roussy, Bureau Biostatistique et Epidémiologie - 114, Rue Eduard Vaillant, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Verena Zerbato
- SC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Ludovica Segat
- U.C.O. Igiene e Sanità Pubblica, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Raffaella Koncan
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Andrea Misin
- SC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Barbara Toffoli
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Pierlanfranco D'Agaro
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- U.C.O. Igiene e Sanità Pubblica, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- SC Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Maggiore, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34125, Italy
| | - Bruno Fabris
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- SS Endocrinologia, UCO Medicina Clinica, Ospedale di Cattinara, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Stella Bernardi
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy
- SS Endocrinologia, UCO Medicina Clinica, Ospedale di Cattinara, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Isontino-Giuliana, Trieste 34149, Italy
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