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Tang X, Huang H, Hao L. Decadal analysis of efficacy and safety profiles of mesenchymal stem cells from varied sources in knee osteoarthritis patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2024; 192:112460. [PMID: 38772192 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a debilitating degenerative joint ailment afflicting millions of patients. Numerous studies have assessed the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from various sources for KOA treatment, yet direct comparisons are scarce and inconsistent. Furthermore, network meta-analysis (NMA) conclusions require updating, while the safety of MSCs therapy remains contentious. This study evaluates therapeutic approaches involving MSCs from different sources in patients with KOA through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. The objective is to compare the effectiveness and safety of MSCs strategies from various sources for KOA treatment. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify RCTs and cohort studies comparing different sources of MSCs in KOA patients. A randomized effects network meta-analysis was used to concurrently evaluate both direct and indirect comparisons across all protocols. RESULTS The NMA included 16 RCTS and reported 1005 participants. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) were the most effective treatment, showing significant improvements in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Short Form 36 (SF-36 scale), the International Knee Literature Committee Knee Evaluation Scale (IKDC subjective scores), and the Knee Injury and OA Outcome Score (KOOS). The probabilities are P = 85.3, P = 70.5, P = 88 and P = 87, respectively. Compared with placebo, AD-MSCs resulted in a VAS Score (SMD 0.97; 95%CI 0.37, 1.57), IKDC subjective scores (SMD -0.71; 95%CI -1.20, -0.21) was significantly reduced. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) showed significant improvements in the University of Western Ontario and McMaster University OA (WOMAC) (P = 91.4). Compared with placebo, UC-MSCs had a higher WOMAC Score (SMD 1.65; 95%CI 0.27, 3.03) and ranked first. Compared with MSCs, placebo emerged as the safer option (P = 74.9), with a notable reduction in AEs associated with HA treatment (RR 0.77; 95%CI 0.61, 0.97). AD-MSCs were found to have the least favorable impact on AEs with a probability of P = 13.3. CONCLUSIONS This network meta-analysis established that MSCs offer pain relief and enhance various knee scores in KOA patients compared to conventional treatment. It also identifies other therapeutic avenues warranting further exploration through high-quality studies. Nonetheless, it underscores the necessity to emphasize the potential complications and safety concerns associated with MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Haiqiang Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Sowa Y, Nakayama I, Toyohara Y, Higai S, Yoshimura K. Pain-relieving Effects of Autologous Fat Grafting in Breast Cancer Surgery: A Scoping Review. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5909. [PMID: 38881960 PMCID: PMC11177809 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Chronic pain is relatively common after breast cancer surgery, including breast reconstruction. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) has gained attention as a novel method for breast reconstruction, and recent clinical studies have also shown effects of AFG on alleviation of chronic pain after breast cancer surgery. Our objective was to conduct a scoping review of studies that have examined these effects with clearly defined clinical outcomes. Methods A literature search was conducted using three databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, following PRISMA guidelines and the Arkesy and O'Malley framework. The search focused on clinical studies of the effects of AFG on chronic pain after breast cancer surgery. All studies reporting functional outcomes, return to work, and secondary surgery in a repeat operation were identified. Results Of the 148 studies identified in the search, 11 studies with a total of 684 patients were included in the review. The average volume of fat grafted was approximately 128 mL over an average of 1.6 sessions. The most common time point for assessment was 1 year post-AFG. In all studies with an evidence level of 3 or lower, AFG showed positive results in alleviating pain after breast cancer surgery. However, one of the three randomized controlled trials did not show clinically significant effects. Conclusions Most of the studies examined in this review suggested pain-relieving effects of AFG. However, there was one randomized controlled trial in which these effects were not confirmed, indicating a need for further accumulation of cases and performance of new, well-designed randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Sowa
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke City, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakayama
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto Miniren Chuo Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Toyohara
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke City, Japan
| | - Shino Higai
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke City, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yoshimura
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke City, Japan
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3
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Liu J, Yang Y, Qi Y. Efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:663-676. [PMID: 38383908 PMCID: PMC11143029 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-024-10128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Articles about the effects of mesenchymal stromal cells for T1D were retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases up to July 2023. Additional relevant studies were manually searched through citations. HbA1c, FBG, PBG, insulin requirement and C-peptide were assessed. The risk of bias was evaluated with the ROB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. Six RCTs and eight nRCTs were included. Of the 14 studies included, two evaluated BM-MSCs, three evaluated UC-MSCs, five evaluated AHSCT, two evaluated CB-SCs, and two evaluated UC-SCs plus aBM-MNCs. At the end of follow-up, ten studies found that mesenchymal stromal cells improved glycemic outcomes in T1D, while the remaining four studies showed no significant improvement. Findings support the positive impacts observed from utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells in individuals with T1D. However, the overall methodological quality of the identified studies and findings is heterogeneous, limiting the interpretation of the therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells in T1D. Methodically rigorous research is needed to further increase credibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
| | - Yun Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
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Karimian A, Khoshnazar SM, Kazemi T, Asadi A, Abdolmaleki A. Role of secretomes in cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:411-426. [PMID: 36725732 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
After an injury, peripheral nervous system neurons have the potential to rebuild their axons by generating a complicated activation response. Signals from the damaged axon are required for this genetic transition to occur. Schwann cells (SCs) near a damaged nerve's distal stump also play a role in the local modulation of axonal programs, not only via cell-to-cell contacts but also through secreted signals (the secretome). The secretome is made up of all the proteins that the cell produces, such as cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles. The released vesicles may carry signaling proteins as well as coding and regulatory RNAs, allowing for multilayer communication. The secretome of SCs is now well understood as being critical for both orchestrating Wallerian degeneration and maintaining axonal regeneration. As a consequence, secretome has emerged as a feasible tissue regeneration alternative to cell therapy. Separate SC secretome components have been used extensively in the lab to promote peripheral nerve regeneration after injury. However, in neurological therapies, the secretome generated by mesenchymal (MSC) or other derived stem cells has been the most often used. In fact, the advantages of cell treatment have been connected to the release of bioactive chemicals and extracellular vesicles, which make up MSCs' secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Karimian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahdieh Khoshnazar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Kazemi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.
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Dwivedi I, Haddad GG. Investigating the neurobiology of maternal opioid use disorder and prenatal opioid exposure using brain organoid technology. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1403326. [PMID: 38812788 PMCID: PMC11133580 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1403326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) among pregnant women has become a major global public health concern. OUD has been characterized as a problematic pattern of opioid use despite adverse physical, psychological, behavioral, and or social consequences. Due to the relapsing-remitting nature of this disorder, pregnant mothers are chronically exposed to exogenous opioids, resulting in adverse neurological and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Collateral fetal exposure to opioids also precipitates severe neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive sequelae. At present, much of what is known regarding the neurobiological consequences of OUD and prenatal opioid exposure (POE) has been derived from preclinical studies in animal models and postnatal or postmortem investigations in humans. However, species-specific differences in brain development, variations in subject age/health/background, and disparities in sample collection or storage have complicated the interpretation of findings produced by these explorations. The ethical or logistical inaccessibility of human fetal brain tissue has also limited direct examinations of prenatal drug effects. To circumvent these confounding factors, recent groups have begun employing induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain organoid technology, which provides access to key aspects of cellular and molecular brain development, structure, and function in vitro. In this review, we endeavor to encapsulate the advancements in brain organoid culture that have enabled scientists to model and dissect the neural underpinnings and effects of OUD and POE. We hope not only to emphasize the utility of brain organoids for investigating these conditions, but also to highlight opportunities for further technical and conceptual progress. Although the application of brain organoids to this critical field of research is still in its nascent stages, understanding the neurobiology of OUD and POE via this modality will provide critical insights for improving maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Dwivedi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gabriel G. Haddad
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States
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Li Y, Yue G, Yu S, Cheng X, Cao Y, Wang X. Evaluating the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1349050. [PMID: 38770273 PMCID: PMC11102959 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1349050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy affects nearly half of all diabetics and poses a significant threat to public health. Recent preclinical studies suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may represent a promising solution for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. However, an objective assessment of the preclinical effectiveness of MSCs is still pending. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library to identify preclinical studies that investigate the effects of MSCs on diabetic neuropathy up until 15 September 2023. Outcome indicators consisted of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities, intra-epidermal nerve fiber density, sciatic nerve blood flow, capillary-to-muscle fiber ratio, neurotrophic factors, angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines. The literature review and meta-analysis were conducted independently by two researchers. 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this system review for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Pooled analyses indicated that MSCs exhibited an evident benefit in diabetic neuropathy in terms of motor (SMD = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.71-2.61) and sensory nerve conduction velocities (SMD = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.78-4.07), intra-epidermal nerve fiber density (SMD = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.28-4.07), sciatic nerve blood flow (SMD = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.37-2.66), and capillary-to-muscle fiber ratio (SMD = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.55 to 3.01, p < 0.00001). Furthermore, after MSC therapy, the expressions of neurotrophic and angiogenic factors increased significantly in most studies, while the levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced. The relevance of this review relies on the fact that summarizes an extensive body of work entailing substantial preclinical evidence that supports the efficacy of MSCs in mitigating diabetic neuropathy. While MSCs emerge as a promising potential treatment for diabetic neuropathy, further research is essential to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and the best administration strategy for MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangren Yue
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhao Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yilin Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Nazemi S, Helmi M, Kafami M, Amin B, Mojadadi MS. Preemptive administration of mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium can attenuate the development of neuropathic pain in rats via downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Behav Brain Res 2024; 461:114858. [PMID: 38211775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition characterized by persistent pain following nerve injury. It is a challenging clinical problem to manage due to limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived conditioned medium (CM) is a cell-free product that contains the secretome of MSCs and has been shown to have therapeutic potential in various inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Several animal studies have examined the antinociceptive effects of MSCs-CM on established neuropathic pain, but none have investigated the early prevention of neuropathic pain using MSCs-CM. Therefore, in this study, we tested whether preemptive administration of MSCs-CM could attenuate the development of NP in rats. To this end, NP was induced in Wistar rats using a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model (day 0), and then the animals were divided into four groups: Sham, CCI, CCI-Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), and CCI-CM. The CCI-CM group received 1 ml intraperitoneal administration of MSCs-CM on days - 1, 1, and 2, while the Sham, CCI, and CCI-DMEM groups received vehicle only (normal saline or DMEM). Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were assessed to evaluate pain sensitivities. In addition, the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in the spinal cord tissues were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results demonstrated that preemptive treatment with MSCs-CM can significantly attenuate the development of NP, as evidenced by improved mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency in the CCI-CM group compared to the CCI and CCI-DMEM groups. Furthermore, the relative gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased in the spinal cord tissues of the CCI-CM group compared to the control groups. These findings suggest that preemptive administration of MSCs-CM can attenuate the development of NP in rats, partly due to the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Nazemi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahtab Helmi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kafami
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Shafi Mojadadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
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Giannasi C, Della Morte E, Cadelano F, Valenza A, Casati S, Dei Cas M, Niada S, Brini AT. Boosting the therapeutic potential of cell secretome against osteoarthritis: Comparison of cytokine-based priming strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115970. [PMID: 38042116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The secretome, or conditioned medium (CM), from Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells (MSCs) has recently emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic against osteoarthritis (OA), capable of promoting cartilage regeneration and immunoregulation. Priming MSCs with 10 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and/or 10 ng/ml interleukin 1β (IL-1β) aims at mimicking the pathological milieu of OA joints in order to target their secretion towards a pathology-tailored phenotype. Here we compare the composition of the CM obtained after 24 or 72 h from untreated and cytokine-treated adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs). The 72-hour double-primed CM presents a higher total protein yield, a larger number of extracellular vesicles, and a greater concentration of bioactive lipids, in particular sphingolipids, fatty acids, and eicosanoids. Moreover, the levels of several factors involved in immunomodulation and regeneration, such as TGF-β1, PGE2, and CCL-2, are strongly upregulated. Additionally, the differential profiling of 80 bioactive molecules indicates that primed CM is enriched in immune cell chemotaxis and migration factors. Our results indicate that pre-conditioning ASCs with inflammatory cytokines can modulate the composition of their CM, promoting the release of factors with recognized anti-inflammatory, chondroprotective, and immunoregulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giannasi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Francesca Cadelano
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sara Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Dei Cas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Anna Teresa Brini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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Yu YQ, Wang H. Imbalance of Th1 and Th2 Cytokines and Stem Cell Therapy in Pathological Pain. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:88-101. [PMID: 36573059 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666221226145828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological importance of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cell cytokines in pathological pain has been highly debated in recent decades. However, the analgesic strategy targeting individual cytokines still has a long way to go for clinical application. In this review, we focus on the contributions of Th1 cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13) in rodent pain models and human pain-related diseases. A large number of studies have shown that Th1 and Th2 cytokines have opposing effects on pain modulation. The imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines might determine the final effect of pain generation or inhibition. However, increasing evidence indicates that targeting the individual cytokine is not sufficient for the treatment of pathological pain. It is practical to suggest a promising therapeutic strategy against the combined effects of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. We summarize the current advances in stem cell therapy for pain-related diseases. Preclinical and clinical studies show that stem cells inhibit proinflammatory cytokines and release enormous Th2 cytokines that exhibit a strong analgesic effect. Therefore, a shift of the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines induced by stem cells will provide a novel therapeutic strategy against intractable pain. It is extremely important to reveal the cellular and molecular mechanisms of stem cell-mediated analgesia. The efficiency and safety of stem cell therapy should be carefully evaluated in animal models and patients with pathological pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Qing Yu
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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da Silva MDV, Piva M, Martelossi-Cebinelli G, Stinglin Rosa Ribas M, Hoffmann Salles Bianchini B, K Heintz O, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Stem cells and pain. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:1035-1062. [PMID: 38179216 PMCID: PMC10762525 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i12.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by either actual or potential tissue damage or even resemble that unpleasant experience. For years, science has sought to find treatment alternatives, with minimal side effects, to relieve pain. However, the currently available pharmacological options on the market show significant adverse events. Therefore, the search for a safer and highly efficient analgesic treatment has become a priority. Stem cells (SCs) are non-specialized cells with a high capacity for replication, self-renewal, and a wide range of differentiation possibilities. In this review, we provide evidence that the immune and neuromodulatory properties of SCs can be a valuable tool in the search for ideal treatment strategies for different types of pain. With the advantage of multiple administration routes and dosages, therapies based on SCs for pain relief have demonstrated meaningful results with few downsides. Nonetheless, there are still more questions than answers when it comes to the mechanisms and pathways of pain targeted by SCs. Thus, this is an evolving field that merits further investigation towards the development of SC-based analgesic therapies, and this review will approach all of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Deroco Veloso da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Piva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geovana Martelossi-Cebinelli
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Stinglin Rosa Ribas
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Hoffmann Salles Bianchini
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olivia K Heintz
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
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Sollie M, Thomsen JB, Sørensen JA. Autologous Fat Grafting Is Not Superior to Placebo as Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 152:1053e-1062e. [PMID: 36988642 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a chronic pain syndrome occurring after a herpes zoster outbreak. While there is no effective treatment available today, autologous fat grafting has shown promise. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of fat grafting as treatment for PHN compared with a sham treatment. METHODS A total of 46 participants with PHN were included. After liposuction under general anesthesia, participants were randomly assigned to receive either autologous fat grafting or saline injection to the area of pain. The primary outcomes were the average and maximum degree of pain measured on an 11-point numeric rating scale. Secondary outcomes were quality and degree of neuropathic pain (Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory) and quality of life (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey). RESULTS Forty-two participants completed follow-up of 6 months. For maximal degree of pain, a reduction of -1.1 ± 0.6 and -1.0 ± 0.5 mean change (±SE) on the numeric rating scale was observed in the intervention and control groups, respectively. For average degree of pain, the reduction was -1.2 ± 0.5 and -1.3 ± 0.4 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The authors did not observe any significant changes in the neuropathic pain and quality-of-life parameters. For all measured outcomes, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The authors did not find autologous fat grafting superior to a placebo when treating PHN of the skin. Given their results, they cannot recommend the routine use of this method to treat these pains. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Since autologous fat grafting was not proven to be more effective than a placebo in treating PHN, alternative treatment options should be explored. It is also essential to emphasize the importance of prophylactic vaccination against herpes zoster. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sollie
- From the Research Unit for Plastic Surgery
- Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Jørn B Thomsen
- From the Research Unit for Plastic Surgery
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Jens A Sørensen
- From the Research Unit for Plastic Surgery
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark
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12
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Ren K, Vickers R, Murillo J, Ruparel NB. Revolutionizing orofacial pain management: the promising potential of stem cell therapy. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1239633. [PMID: 38028430 PMCID: PMC10679438 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1239633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial pain remains a significant health issue in the United States. Pain originating from the orofacial region can be composed of a complex array of unique target tissue that contributes to the varying success of pain management. Long-term use of analgesic drugs includes adverse effects such as physical dependence, gastrointestinal bleeding, and incomplete efficacy. The use of mesenchymal stem cells for their pain relieving properties has garnered increased attention. In addition to the preclinical and clinical results showing stem cell analgesia in non-orofacial pain, studies have also shown promising results for orofacial pain treatment. Here we discuss the outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell treatment for pain and compare the properties of stem cells from different tissues of origin. We also discuss the mechanism underlying these analgesic/anti-nociceptive properties, including the role of immune cells and the endogenous opioid system. Lastly, advancements in the methods and procedures to treat patients experiencing orofacial pain with mesenchymal stem cells are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ren
- Department of Pain and Neural Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Russel Vickers
- Clinical Stem Cells Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Oral Health Center, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Queensland, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Josue Murillo
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nikita B. Ruparel
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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13
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Samuels S, Adeboye T, Zafar AQ, Katsura C, Izard C, Shahrokhi N, Rahman S. Autologous Fat Grafting for Post-mastectomy Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e49017. [PMID: 38024082 PMCID: PMC10676735 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat grafting has been described as a potential treatment for post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) following oncological breast surgery. The study's aim was to compare and contrast the current literature using a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the evidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. Databases, including MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), were searched. Data synthesis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 (Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK), with 95% confidence intervals. All randomised controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies comparing lipofilling for PMPS were included. A total of six studies met the inclusion criteria with five articles being used in data analysis for the mean percentage reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) score. The primary outcome measure was the mean percentage reduction in the VAS pain score. Secondary outcomes included the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) and the quality of life assessments post treatment. Overall, a total of 266 patients received fat transfer for PMPS, and 164 were in the control group. The mean percentage reduction in VAS score was 19.8 (10.82, 28.82; p < 0.0001). Secondary outcomes, including health-related quality of life, showed good outcomes post fat transfer. This involved breast softness, cosmesis, and psychosocial well-being. The results from this meta-analysis suggest that autologous fat grafting is an efficacious treatment for reducing pain caused by PMPS. The authors suggest more high-quality trials are needed to enhance the current evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Samuels
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, GBR
| | - Teniola Adeboye
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, GBR
| | | | - Chie Katsura
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, GBR
| | - Charlie Izard
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, GBR
| | - Nazanin Shahrokhi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, GBR
| | - Shafiq Rahman
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, GBR
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14
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Balko S, Kerr E, Buchel E, Logsetty S, Raouf A. Paracrine signalling between keratinocytes and SVF cells results in a new secreted cytokine profile during wound closure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:258. [PMID: 37726799 PMCID: PMC10510163 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells, and the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells they contain, have shown enhanced wound healing in vitro and in vivo, yet their clinical application has been limited. In this regard, understanding the mechanisms that govern SVF-enhanced wound healing would improve their application in the clinic. Here, we show that the SVF cells and keratinocytes engage in a paracrine crosstalk during wound closure, which results in a new cytokine profile that is distinct from the cytokines regularly secreted by either cell type on their own. We identify 11 cytokines, 5 of which are not regularly secreted by the SVF cells, whose expressions are significantly increased during wound closure by the keratinocytes. This new cytokine profile could be used to accelerate wound closure and initiate re-epithelialization without the need to obtain the SVF cells from the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Balko
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Evan Kerr
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ed Buchel
- Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sarvesh Logsetty
- Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Afshin Raouf
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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15
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Buchheit T, Huh Y, Breglio A, Bang S, Xu J, Matsuoka Y, Guo R, Bortsov A, Reinecke J, Wehling P, Jun Huang T, Ji RR. Intrathecal administration of conditioned serum from different species resolves Chemotherapy-Induced neuropathic pain in mice via secretory exosomes. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:298-311. [PMID: 37150265 PMCID: PMC10363329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most prevalent neurological complication of chemotherapy for cancer, and has limited effective treatment options. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is an effective biologic therapy used by intra-articular injection for patients with osteoarthritis. However, ACS has not been systematically tested in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies such as CIPN. It has been generally assumed that the analgesic effect of this biologic therapy results from augmented concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Here we report that a single intrathecal injection of human conditioned serum (hCS) produced long-lasting inhibition of paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (mechanical allodynia) in mice, without causing motor impairment. Strikingly, the analgesic effect of hCS in our experiments was maintained even 8 weeks after the treatment, compared with non-conditioned human serum (hNCS). Furthermore, the hCS transfer-induced pain relief in mice was fully recapitulated by rat or mouse CS transfer to mice of both sexes, indicating cross-species and cross-sex effectiveness. Mechanistically, CS treatment blocked the chemotherapy-induced glial reaction in the spinal cord and improved nerve conduction. Compared to NCS, CS contained significantly higher concentrations of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, including IL-1Ra, TIMP-1, TGF-β1, and resolvins D1/D2. Intrathecal injection of anti-TGF-β1 and anti-Il-1Ra antibody transiently reversed the analgesic action of CS. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed that rat conditioned serum contained a significantly greater number of exosomes than NCS. Importantly, the removal of exosomes by high-speed centrifugation largely diminished the CS-produced pain relief, suggesting a critical involvement of small vesicles (exosomes) in the beneficial effects of CS. Together, our findings demonstrate that intrathecal CS produces a remarkable resolution of neuropathic pain mediated through a combination of small vesicles/exosomes and neuroimmune/neuroglial modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Buchheit
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Anesthesiology Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Yul Huh
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrew Breglio
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sangsu Bang
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yutaka Matsuoka
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ran Guo
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrey Bortsov
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Peter Wehling
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; ORTHOGEN AG, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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16
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Rubione J, Sbrascini SM, Miguel B, Leiguarda C, Coronel MF, McCarthy CJ, Montaner A, Villar MJ, Brumovsky PR. Modulation of the Inflammatory Response by Pre-emptive Administration of IMT504 Reduces Postoperative Pain in Rats and has Opioid-Sparing Effects. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:991-1008. [PMID: 36706889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite the available knowledge on underlying mechanisms and the development of several therapeutic strategies, optimal management of postoperative pain remains challenging. This preclinical study hypothesizes that, by promoting an anti-inflammatory scenario, pre-emptive administration of IMT504, a noncoding, non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotide with immune modulating properties, will reduce postincisional pain, also facilitating therapeutic opioid-sparing. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats with unilateral hindpaw skin-muscle incision received pre-emptive (48 and 24 hours prior to surgery) or postoperative (6 hours after surgery) subcutaneous vehicle (saline) or IMT504. Various groups of rats were prepared for pain-like behavior analyses, including subgroups receiving morphine or naloxone, as well as for flow-cytometry or quantitative RT-PCR analyses of the spleen and hindpaws (for analysis of inflammatory phenotype). Compared to vehicle-treated rats, pre-emptive IMT504 significantly reduced mechanical allodynia by 6 hours after surgery, and accelerated recovery of basal responses from 72 hours after surgery and onwards. Cold allodynia was also reduced by IMT504. Postoperative administration of IMT504 resulted in similar positive effects on pain-like behavior. In IMT504-treated rats, 3 mg/kg morphine resulted in comparable blockade of mechanical allodynia as observed in vehicle-treated rats receiving 10 mg/kg morphine. IMT504 significantly increased hindpaw infiltration of mesenchymal stem cells, CD4+T and B cells, and caused upregulated or downregulated transcript expressions of interleukin-10 and interleukin-1β, respectively. Also, IMT504 treatment targeted the spleen, with upregulated or downregulated transcript expressions, 6 hours after incision, of interleukin-10 and interleukin-1β, respectively. Altogether, pre-emptive or postoperative IMT504 provides protection against postincisional pain, through participation of significant immunomodulatory actions, and exhibiting opioid-sparing effects. PERSPECTIVE: This preclinical study introduces the noncoding non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotide IMT504 as a novel modulator of postoperative pain and underlying inflammatory events. The opioid-sparing effects observed for IMT504 appear as a key feature that could contribute, in the future, to reducing opioid-related adverse events in patients undergoing surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rubione
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra M Sbrascini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bernardo Miguel
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Leiguarda
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Coronel
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carly J McCarthy
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Montaner
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología "Dr. César Milstein", CONICET, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo J Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Brumovsky
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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17
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Lee H, Tae G, Hwang S, Wee S, Ha Y, Lee HL, Shin D. Heparin-Based Hydrogel Micropatches with Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Neuropathic Pain Relief. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051436. [PMID: 37239107 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the therapeutic efficacy of heparin-based hydrogel micropatches containing human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) in treating neuropathic pain caused by nerve damage. Our results showed that hASCs exhibited neuroregenerative and pain-relieving effects when used with heparin-based hydrogel micropatches in the neuropathic pain animal model. The use of this combination also produced enhanced cell viability and nerve regeneration. We conducted various neurological behavioral tests, dynamic plantar tests, histological examinations, and neuroelectrophysiological examinations to confirm the therapeutic effect. Our findings suggest that this approach could maximize therapeutic efficacy and improve the quality of life for patients suffering from neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeYeong Lee
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - GiYoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - SaeYeon Hwang
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - SungWon Wee
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Lan Lee
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - DongAh Shin
- Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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18
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Giannasi C, Niada S, Della Morte E, Casati SR, De Palma C, Brini AT. Serum starvation affects mitochondrial metabolism of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2023:S1465-3249(23)00067-1. [PMID: 37061899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS A large part of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) regenerative and immunomodulatory action is mediated by paracrine signaling. Hence, an increasing body of evidence acknowledges the potential of MSC secretome in a variety of preclinical and clinical scenarios. Mid-term serum deprivation is a common approach in the pipeline of MSC secretome production. Nevertheless, up to now, little is known about the impact of this procedure on the metabolic status of donor cells. METHODS Here, through untargeted differential metabolomics, we revealed an impairment of mitochondrial metabolism in adipose-derived MSCs exposed for 72 h to serum deprivation. RESULTS This evidence was further confirmed by the significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the reduction of succinate dehydrogenase activity. Probably as a repair mechanism, an upregulation of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase was also induced. CONCLUSIONS Of note, the analysis of mitochondrial functionality indicated that, despite a significant reduction of basal respiration and ATP production, serum-starved MSCs still responded to changes in energy demand. This metabolic phenotype correlates with the obtained evidence of mitochondrial elongation and branching upon starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giannasi
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Rosanna Casati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Brini
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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19
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Piñero G, Vence M, Aranda ML, Cercato MC, Soto PA, Usach V, Setton-Avruj PC. All the PNS is a Stage: Transplanted Bone Marrow Cells Play an Immunomodulatory Role in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ASN Neuro 2023; 15:17590914231167281. [PMID: 37654230 PMCID: PMC10475269 DOI: 10.1177/17590914231167281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT Bone marrow cell transplant has proven to be an effective therapeutic approach to treat peripheral nervous system injuries as it not only promoted regeneration and remyelination of the injured nerve but also had a potent effect on neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Piñero
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patalógica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marianela Vence
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcos L. Aranda
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Magalí C. Cercato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula A. Soto
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patalógica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanina Usach
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patalógica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia C. Setton-Avruj
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patalógica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Collagen scaffolds derived from bovine skin loaded with
MSC
optimized
M1
macrophages remodeling and chronic diabetic wounds healing. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 8:e10467. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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21
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Amodeo G, Franchi S, Galimberti G, Comi L, D’Agnelli S, Baciarello M, Bignami EG, Sacerdote P. Osteoarthritis Pain in Old Mice Aggravates Neuroinflammation and Frailty: The Positive Effect of Morphine Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2847. [PMID: 36359375 PMCID: PMC9687902 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of pain and disability in old subjects. Pain may predispose to the development of frailty. Studies on mechanisms underlying pain in osteoarthritis models during aging are lacking. In this work, we used the monosodium iodoacetate model of osteoarthritis in adult (11-week-old) and old (20-month-old) C57BL/6J mice to compare hypersensitivity, locomotion, neuroinflammation, and the effects of morphine treatment. After osteoarthritis induction in adult and old mice, weight-bearing asymmetry, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia similarly developed, while locomotion and frailty were more affected in old than in adult animals. When behavioral deficits were present, the animals were treated for 7 days with morphine. This opioid counteracts the behavioral alterations and the frailty index worsening both in adult and old mice. To address the mechanisms that underlie pain, we evaluated neuroinflammatory markers and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the sciatic nerve, DRGs, and spinal cord. Overexpression of cytokines and glia markers were present in osteoarthritis adult and old mice, but the activation was qualitatively and quantitatively more evident in aged mice. Morphine was able to counteract neuroinflammation in both age groups. We demonstrate that old mice are more vulnerable to pain's detrimental effects, but prompt treatment is successful at mitigating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Amodeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Franchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Galimberti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Comi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Simona D’Agnelli
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Baciarello
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Giovanna Bignami
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Sacerdote
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
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22
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González-Cubero E, González-Fernández ML, Rodríguez-Díaz M, Palomo-Irigoyen M, Woodhoo A, Villar-Suárez V. Application of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in an in vivo model of peripheral nerve damage. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:992221. [PMID: 36159399 PMCID: PMC9493127 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.992221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain is one of the most difficult to treat chronic pain syndromes. It has significant effects on patients’ quality of life and substantially adds to the burden of direct and indirect medical costs. There is a critical need to improve therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration. The aim of this study is to address this issue by performing a detailed analysis of the therapeutic benefits of two treatment options: adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and ASC-conditioned medium (CM). Methods To this end, we used an in vivo rat sciatic nerve damage model to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the myelinating capacity of ASCs and CM. Furthermore, effect of TNF and CM on Schwann cells (SCs) was evaluated. For our in vivo model, biomaterial surgical implants containing TNF were used to induce peripheral neuropathy in rats. Damaged nerves were also treated with either ASCs or CM and molecular methods were used to collect evidence of nerve regeneration. Post-operatively, rats were subjected to walking track analysis and their sciatic functional index was evaluated. Morphological data was gathered through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of sciatic nerves harvested from the experimental rats. We also evaluated the effect of TNF on Schwann cells (SCs) in vitro. Genes and their correspondent proteins associated with nerve regeneration were analyzed by qPCR, western blot, and confocal microscopy. Results Our data suggests that both ASCs and CM are potentially beneficial treatments for promoting myelination and axonal regeneration. After TNF-induced nerve damage we observed an upregulation of c-Jun along with a downregulation of Krox-20 myelin-associated transcription factor. However, when CM was added to TNF-treated nerves the opposite effect occurred and also resulted in increased expression of myelin-related genes and their corresponding proteins. Conclusion Findings from our in vivo model showed that both ASCs and CM aided the regeneration of axonal myelin sheaths and the remodeling of peripheral nerve morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa González-Cubero
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León-Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | | | - María Rodríguez-Díaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León-Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Marta Palomo-Irigoyen
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- Genes and Disease Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Center of Translational Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ashwin Woodhoo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vega Villar-Suárez
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León-Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León-Universidad de León, León, Spain
- *Correspondence: Vega Villar-Suárez,
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23
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Abdel Aziz I, Maver L, Giannasi C, Niada S, Brini AT, Antognazza MR. Polythiophene-mediated light modulation of membrane potential and calcium signalling in human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2022; 10:9823-9833. [PMID: 36277082 PMCID: PMC9487879 DOI: 10.1039/d2tc01426b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering has been strongly fostered both by the investigation of crucial cues, able to trigger the regeneration of damaged tissues, and by the development of ad hoc functional materials, capable of selectively (re-)activating relevant physiological pathways. In parallel to the successful realization of biochemical cues and the optimization of delivery protocols, the use of biophysical stimuli has been emerging as an alternative, highly effective strategy. Techniques based on electrical, magnetic and mechanical stimulation have been reported to efficiently direct differentiation of stem cells and modulate cell physiology at different developmental stages. In this framework, the use of optical stimulation represents a valuable approach, possibly overcoming current limitations of chemical cues, like limited spatial and temporal resolution and poor control over the extracellular environment. Surprisingly, the effects of light on the physiological properties (light toxicity, cell membrane potential, and cell ionic trafficking) of undifferentiated cells, as well as on their differentiation pathways, were investigated to a very limited extent and rarely quantified in a systematic way. In this work, we aim at clarifying the effects of optical excitation on the physiological behaviour of undifferentiated human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC), cultured on top of a light-sensitive conjugated polymer, region-regular poly-3-hexyl-thiophene (P3HT). Interestingly, we observe statistically significant modulation of the cell membrane potential, as well as noticeable effects on intracellular calcium signalling, triggered by P3HT excitation upon green light stimuli. Possible mechanisms involved in the signal transduction pathways are considered and critically discussed. The capability to modulate the physiological response of hASC upon photoexcitation, in a highly controlled and selective manner, provides a promptly available and non invasive diagnostic tool, thus contributing to the understanding of the complex machinery behind stem cells and material interfaces. Moreover, it may open the route to novel techniques to drive the differentiation path with unprecedented versatility and operational easiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Abdel Aziz
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3 20133 Milano Italy
- Politecnico di Milano, Dip.to di Fisica, P.zza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Leonardo Maver
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3 20133 Milano Italy
- Politecnico di Milano, Dip.to di Fisica, P.zza L. da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Chiara Giannasi
- University of Milan, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Via Vanvitelli 32 20129 Milano Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Galeazzi 4 20161 Milano Italy
| | - Stefania Niada
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Galeazzi 4 20161 Milano Italy
| | - Anna T Brini
- University of Milan, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Via Vanvitelli 32 20129 Milano Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Galeazzi 4 20161 Milano Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3 20133 Milano Italy
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24
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Liu Y, Kano F, Hashimoto N, Xia L, Zhou Q, Feng X, Hibi H, Miyazaki A, Iwamoto T, Matsuka Y, Zhang Z, Tanaka E, Yamamoto A. Conditioned Medium From the Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain in a Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:745020. [PMID: 35431971 PMCID: PMC9009354 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.745020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In neuropathic pain (NP), injury or diseases of the somatosensory system often result in highly debilitating chronic pain. Currently, there is no effective drug for the complete and definitive treatment of NP. We investigated the therapeutic potential of conditioned medium (CM) derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-CM) against NP using a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL) model. Abnormal pain sensation, such as tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia, can be caused by PSL. In the behavioral test, intravenous administration of SHED-CM greatly improved the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that treatment with SHED-CM resulted in the recruitment of M2 macrophages in the injured sciatic nerve and ipsilateral L4/L5 dorsal root ganglion and suppressed microglial activation in the spinal cord. Notably, specific depletion of the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by mannosylated-Clodrosome markedly reduced the antinociceptive effect of SHED-CM. Intravenous administration of CM from M2 induced by SHED-CM (M2-CM) ameliorated the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that M2-CM directly suppressed the expression of nociceptive receptors as well as proinflammatory mediators in Schwann cells. Taken together, our data suggest that SHED-CM ameliorates NP through the induction of the analgesic anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Thus, SHED-CM may be a novel therapeutic candidate for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Fumiya Kano
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Linze Xia
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hideharu Hibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Miyazaki
- Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwamoto
- Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshizo Matsuka
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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25
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Contreras E, Bolívar S, Navarro X, Udina E. New insights into peripheral nerve regeneration: The role of secretomes. Exp Neurol 2022; 354:114069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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26
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Krawczenko A, Klimczak A. Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Contribution to Angiogenic Processes in Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052425. [PMID: 35269568 PMCID: PMC8910401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are widely described in the context of their regenerative and immunomodulatory activity. MSCs are isolated from various tissues and organs. The most frequently described sources are bone marrow and adipose tissue. As stem cells, MSCs are able to differentiate into other cell lineages, but they are usually reported with respect to their paracrine potential. In this review, we focus on MSCs derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and their secretome in regeneration processes. Special attention is given to the contribution of AT-MSCs and their derivatives to angiogenic processes described mainly in the context of angiogenic dysfunction. Finally, we present clinical trials registered to date that concern the application of AT-MSCs and their secretome in various medical conditions.
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27
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Miyano K, Ikehata M, Ohshima K, Yoshida Y, Nose Y, Yoshihara SI, Oki K, Shiraishi S, Uzu M, Nonaka M, Higami Y, Uezono Y. Intravenous administration of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue and umbilical cord improves neuropathic pain via suppression of neuronal damage and anti-inflammatory actions in rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262892. [PMID: 35157707 PMCID: PMC8843230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are isolated from adipose tissue (AD-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), or bone marrow, have therapeutic potential including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. It was recently reported that MSCs are also effective as a therapeutic treatment for neuropathic pain, although the underlying mechanisms have yet to be resolved. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of human AD- and UC-MSCs on neuropathic pain and its mechanisms using rat models of partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). AD- or UC-MSCs were intravenously administered 4 days after PSNL. Antinociceptive effects were then evaluated using the von Frey and weight-bearing tests. We found that, 3–9 days after the administration of AD- or UC-MSCs to PSNL-exposed rats, both the mechanical threshold and differences in weight-bearing of the right and left hind paws were significantly improved. To reveal the potential underlying antinociceptive mechanisms of MSCs, the levels of activation transcription factor 3- and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-positive cells were measured by immunohistochemical analysis. AD- and UC-MSCs significantly decreased the levels of these proteins that were induced by PSNL in the dorsal root ganglia. Additionally, UC-MSC significantly improved the PSNL-induced decrease in the myelin basic protein level in the sciatic nerve, indicating that UC-MSC reversed demyelination of the sciatic nerve produced by PSNL. These data suggest that AD- and UC-MSCs may help in the recovery of neuropathic pain via the different regulation; AD-MSCs exhibited their effects via suppressed neuronal damage and anti-inflammatory actions, while UC-MSCs exhibited their effects via suppressed neuronal damage, anti-inflammatory actions and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Minori Ikehata
- R&D Department, Biomimetics Sympathies Inc., Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ohshima
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nose
- R&D Department, Biomimetics Sympathies Inc., Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sei-ichi Yoshihara
- R&D Department, Biomimetics Sympathies Inc., Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Oki
- R&D Department, Biomimetics Sympathies Inc., Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Shiraishi
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Vitrigel Project, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Autologous Fat Grafting as Treatment of Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 149:295-305. [PMID: 35077402 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmastectomy pain syndrome is a common and disabling side effect of breast cancer treatment. Medical treatment seems to be insufficient for a considerable proportion of patients. Fat grafting has shown promise in relieving pain from postmastectomy pain syndrome, but no randomized clinical trial comparing fat grafting to a sham operation has been performed to date. The authors' objective was to compare the effect of fat grafting compared to a sham operation for treating postmastectomy pain syndrome. METHODS The authors conducted a single-center, double-blind, randomized clinical trial with two arms between October of 2017 and September of 2020. The authors assessed four patients suffering from postmastectomy pain syndrome for inclusion. The intervention group received scar-releasing rigottomy and fat grafting to the area of pain. The control group received scar-releasing rigottomy and a placebo of saline solution. The primary outcome was the degree of pain measured using the Numerical Rating Scale. The secondary outcomes were the degree and quality of neuropathic pain (Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory) and quality of life (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey). Follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS Thirty-five participants completed follow-up: 18 participants in the intervention group and 17 in the control group. The authors detected no statistically significant changes in average and maximum pain or neuropathic pain. Regarding quality of life, the control group reported a statistically significant improvement in emotional problem parameters, whereas the intervention group reported a deterioration. The authors observed no serious adverse effects. CONCLUSION The authors did not find evidence to support that fat grafting is superior to a placebo when treating postmastectomy pain syndrome. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, I.
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29
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Kayhan Kustepe E, Altunkaynak BZ, Alkan I, Kivrak EG, Yildiran A, Geuna S. Potential Effects of Stem Cells Derived from the Peripheral Nerve and Adipose Tissue after the Nerve Crush Injury in Control and Obese Rats. J INVEST SURG 2022; 35:1021-1033. [DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.1991530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kayhan Kustepe
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Işınsu Alkan
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Okan University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elfide Gizem Kivrak
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Alişan Yildiran
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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30
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Al-Ghadban S, Artiles M, Bunnell BA. Adipose Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine: Looking Forward. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:837464. [PMID: 35096804 PMCID: PMC8792599 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.837464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, stem cell-based regenerative medicine has progressed to clinical testing and therapeutic applications. The applications range from infusions of autologous and allogeneic stem cells to stem cell-derived products. Adult stem cells from adipose tissue (ASCs) show significant promise in treating autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, vascular and metabolic diseases, bone and cartilage regeneration and wound defects. The regenerative capabilities of ASCs in vivo are primarily orchestrated by their secretome of paracrine factors and cell-matrix interactions. More recent developments are focused on creating more complex structures such as 3D organoids, tissue elements and eventually fully functional tissues and organs to replace or repair diseased or damaged tissues. The current and future applications for ASCs in regenerative medicine are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
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31
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D'Agnelli S, Amodeo G, Franchi S, Verduci B, Baciarello M, Panerai AE, Bignami EG, Sacerdote P. Frailty and pain, human studies and animal models. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101515. [PMID: 34813977 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that pain can predispose to frailty development has been recently investigated in several clinical studies suggesting that frailty and pain may share some mechanisms. Both pain and frailty represent important clinical and social problems and both lack a successful treatment. This circumstance is mainly due to the absence of in-depth knowledge of their pathological mechanisms. Evidence of shared pathways between frailty and pain are preliminary. Indeed, many clinical studies are observational and the impact of pain treatment, and relative pain-relief, on frailty onset and progression has never been investigated. Furthermore, preclinical research on this topic has yet to be performed. Specific researches on the pain-frailty relation are needed. In this narrative review, we will attempt to point out the most relevant findings present in both clinical and preclinical literature on the topic, with particular attention to genetics, epigenetics and inflammation, in order to underline the existing gaps and the potential future interventional strategies. The use of pain and frailty animal models discussed in this review might contribute to research in this area.
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32
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Ivanov AA, Kuznetsova AV, Popova OP, Danilova TI, Yanushevich OO. Modern Approaches to Acellular Therapy in Bone and Dental Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13454. [PMID: 34948251 PMCID: PMC8708083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An approach called cell-free therapy has rapidly developed in regenerative medicine over the past decade. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the internal potential of tissue repair inspires the development of new strategies aimed at controlling and enhancing these processes during regeneration. The use of stem cell mobilization, or homing for regeneration based on endogenous healing mechanisms, prompted a new concept in regenerative medicine: endogenous regenerative medicine. The application of cell-free therapeutic agents leading to the recruitment/homing of endogenous stem cells has advantages in overcoming the limitations and risks associated with cell therapy. In this review, we discuss the potential of cell-free products such as the decellularized extracellular matrix, growth factors, extracellular vesicles and miRNAs in endogenous bone and dental regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.)
| | - Alla V. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.)
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P. Popova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.)
| | - Tamara I. Danilova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (O.P.P.); (T.I.D.)
| | - Oleg O. Yanushevich
- Department of Paradontology, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 20 Delegatskaya Str., 127473 Moscow, Russia;
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A Novel Cellular Therapy to Treat Pancreatic Pain in Experimental Chronic Pancreatitis Using Human Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111695. [PMID: 34829924 PMCID: PMC8615652 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by pancreatic inflammation, fibrosis, and abdominal pain that is challenging to treat. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) overexpressing human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT-MSCs) showed improved mobility and protective functions over native MSCs in nonobese diabetic mice. We investigated whether hAAT-MSCs could mitigate CP and its associated pain using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced CP mouse models. CP mice were given native human MSCs or hAAT-MSCs (0.5 × 106 cells/mouse, i.v., n = 6–8/group). The index of visceral pain was measured by graduated von Frey filaments. Pancreatic morphology and pancreatic mast cell count were analyzed by morphological stains. Nociceptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was determined by immunohistochemistry. hAAT-MSC-treated CP mice best preserved pancreatic morphology and histology. MSC or hAAT-MSC infusion reduced abdominal pain sensitivities. hAAT-MSC therapy also suppressed TRPV1 expression in DRG and reduced pancreatic mast cell density induced by TNBS. Overall, hAAT-MSCs reduced pain and mitigated pancreatic inflammation in CP equal to MSCs with a trend toward a higher pancreatic weight and better pain relief in the hAAT-MSC group compared to the MSC group. Both MSCs and hAAT-MSCs might be used as a novel therapeutic tool for CP-related pain.
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Neuroinflammation in Primary Cultures of the Rat Spinal Dorsal Horn Is Attenuated in the Presence of Adipose Tissue-Derived Medicinal Signalling Cells (AdMSCs) in a Co-cultivation Model. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:475-494. [PMID: 34716556 PMCID: PMC8786781 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation within the superficial dorsal horn (SDH) of the spinal cord induces inflammatory pain with symptoms of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Glial activation and production of inflammatory mediators (e.g. cytokines) is associated with modulation of nociceptive signalling. In this context, medicinal signalling cells, e.g. obtained from adipose tissue (AdMSCs), gained attention due to their capacity to modulate the inflammatory response in several diseases, e.g. spinal cord injury. We applied the recently established mixed neuroglial primary cell culture of the rat SDH to investigate effects of AdMSCs on the inflammatory response of SDH cells. Following establishment of a co-cultivation system, we performed specific bioassays for tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6, RT-qPCR and immunocytochemistry to detect changes in cytokine production and glial activation upon inflammatory stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS-induced expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6) by SDH cells was significantly attenuated in the presence of AdMSCs. Further evidence for anti-inflammatory capacities of AdMSCs derived from a blunted LPS-induced TNFα/IL-10 expression ratio and suppressed nuclear translocation of the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) in SDH microglial cells. Expression of IL-10, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) was detected in AdMSCs, which are putative candidates for anti-inflammatory capacities of these cells. We present a novel co-cultivation system of AdMSCs with neuroglial primary cultures of the SDH to investigate immunomodulatory effects of AdMSCs at a cellular level.
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Towards Secretome Standardization: Identifying Key Ingredients of MSC-Derived Therapeutic Cocktail. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:3086122. [PMID: 34484347 PMCID: PMC8413055 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3086122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of the conditioned medium (CM) derived from MSCs (mesenchymal stem/stromal cells) in disparate medical fields, from immunology to orthopedics, has been widely suggested by in vitro and in vivo evidences. Prior to MSC-CM use in clinical applications, appropriate quality controls are needed in order to assess its reproducibility. Here, we evaluated different CM characteristics, including general features and precise protein and lipid concentrations, in 3 representative samples from adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs). In details, we first investigated the size and distribution of the contained extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid bilayer-delimited particles whose pivotal role in intercellular communication has been extensively demonstrated. Then, we acquired Raman signatures, providing an overlook of ASC-CM composition in terms of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. At last, we analyzed a panel of 200 molecules including chemokines, cytokines, receptors, and inflammatory and growth factors and searched for 32 lipids involved in cell signalling and inflammation. All ASC-CM contained a homogeneous and relevant number of EVs (1.0 × 109 ± 1.1 × 108 particles per million donor ASCs) with a mean size of 190 ± 5.2 nm, suggesting the appropriateness of the method for EV retaining and concentration. Furthermore, also Raman spectra confirmed a high homogeneity among samples, allowing the visualization of specific peaks for nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. An in depth investigation that focused on 200 proteins involved in relevant biological pathways revealed the presence in all specimens of 104 factors. Of these, 26 analytes presented a high degree of uniformity, suggesting that the samples were particularly homogenous for a quarter of the quantified molecules. At last, lipidomic analysis allowed the quantification of 7 lipids and indicated prostaglandin-E2 and N-stearoylethanolamide as the most homogenous factors. In this study, we assessed that ASC-CM samples obtained with a standardized protocol present stable features spanning from Raman fingerprint to specific marker concentrations. In conclusion, we identified key ingredients that may be involved in ASC-CM therapeutic action and whose consistent levels may represent a promising quality control in the pipeline of its preparation for clinical applications.
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Protective Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome against Hepatocyte Apoptosis Induced by Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion with Partial Hepatectomy Injury. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9969372. [PMID: 34457008 PMCID: PMC8390152 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9969372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable complication of liver surgery and liver transplantation. Hepatocyte apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathological process of hepatic IRI. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are known to repair and regenerate damaged tissues by producing bioactive factors, including cytokines, exosomes, and extracellular matrix components, which collectively form the secretome of these cells. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of the ADSCs secretome after liver ischemia-reperfusion combined with partial hepatectomy in miniature pigs. We successfully established laparoscopic liver ischemia-reperfusion with partial hepatectomy in miniature pigs and injected saline, DMEM, ADSC-secretome, and ADSCs directly into the liver parenchyma immediately afterwards. Both ADSCs and the ADSC-secretome improved the IR-induced ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes and significantly decreased the proportion of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells along with caspase activity. Consistent with this, P53, Bax, Fas, and Fasl mRNA and protein levels were markedly decreased, while Bcl-2 was significantly increased in the animals treated with ADSCs and ADSC-secretome. Our findings indicate that ADSCs exert therapeutic effects in a paracrine manner through their secretome, which can be a viable alternative to cell-based regenerative therapies.
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ŞEN HALICIOĞLU B, TUĞLU Mİ. Yağ doku kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin ve koşullu besiyerinin deneysel prematür over yetmezliği modeli üzerine etkileri. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.852402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Secretome and Its Potential Application in "Stem Cell-Free Therapy". Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060878. [PMID: 34199330 PMCID: PMC8231996 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) secrete many cytokines, proteins, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles with beneficial outcomes that can be used in regenerative medicine. It has great potential, and the development of new treatment strategies using the ASCs secretome is of global interest. Besides cytokines, proteins, and growth factors, the therapeutic effect of secretome is hidden in non-coding RNAs such as miR-21, miR-24, and miR-26 carried via exosomes secreted by adequate cells. The whole secretome, including ASC-derived exosomes (ASC-exos) has been proven in many studies to have immunomodulatory, proangiogenic, neurotrophic, and epithelization activity and can potentially be used for neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, respiratory, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases as well as wound healing treatment. Due to limitations in the use of stem cells in cell-based therapy, its secretome with emphasis on exosomes seems to be a reasonable and safer alternative with increased effectiveness and fewer side effects. Moreover, the great advantage of cell-free therapy is the possibility of biobanking the ASCs secretome. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge on the use of the ASCs secretome in stem cell-free therapy.
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Sumarwoto T, Suroto H, Mahyudin F, Utomo DN, Romaniyanto, Tinduh D, Notobroto HB, Sigit Prakoeswa CR, Rantam FA, Rhatomy S. Role of adipose mesenchymal stem cells and secretome in peripheral nerve regeneration. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 67:102482. [PMID: 34168873 PMCID: PMC8209190 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells is a breakthrough in medical biotechnology which brings regenerative therapy into a new era. Over the past several decades, stem cells had been widely used as regenerative therapy and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) had emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Currently stem cells are effective therapeutic agents againts several diseases due to their tissue protective and repair mechanisms. This therapeutic effect is largely due to the biomolecular properties including secretomes. Injury to peripheral nerves has significant health and economic consequences, and no surgical procedure can completely restore sensory and motor function. Stem cell therapy in peripheral nerve injury is an important future intervention to achieve the best clinical outcome improvement. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) are multipotent mesenchymal stem cells which are similar to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The following review aims to provide an overview of the use of AdMSCs and their secretomes in regenerating peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tito Sumarwoto
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prof Soeharso Orthopaedic Hospital, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Suroto
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ferdiansyah Mahyudin
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dwikora Novembri Utomo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Romaniyanto
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prof Soeharso Orthopaedic Hospital, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Damayanti Tinduh
- Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Virology and Immunology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Stem Cell Research and Development Center, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sholahuddin Rhatomy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Amodeo G, Niada S, Moschetti G, Franchi S, Savadori P, Brini AT, Sacerdote P. Secretome of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell relieves pain and neuroinflammation independently of the route of administration in experimental osteoarthritis. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:29-40. [PMID: 33737173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) is unsatisfactory and innovative approaches are needed. The secretome from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC-Conditioned Medium, CM) has been successfully used to relieve painful symptoms in models of chronic pain. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of the hASC-CM to control pain and neuroinflammation in an animal model of OA. METHODS OA was induced in mice by intra-articular monosodium-iodoacetate (MIA) injection. Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were assessed. Once hypersensitivity was established (7 days after MIA), hASC-CM was injected by IA, IPL and IV route and its effect monitored over time. Neuroinflammation in nerve, dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord was evaluated measuring proinflammatory markers and mediators by RT-qPCR. Protein content analysis of secretome by Mass Spectrometry was performed. RESULTS A single injection with hASC-CM induced a fast and long lasting antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effect. The IV route of administration appeared to be the most efficacious although all the treatments were effective. The effect on pain correlated with the ability of hASC-CM to reduce the neuroinflammatory condition in both the peripheral and central nervous system. Furthermore, the secretome analysis revealed 101 factors associated with immune regulation. CONCLUSION We suggest that hASC-CM is a valid treatment option for controlling OA-related hypersensitivity, exerting a rapid and long lasting pain relief. The mechanisms underpinning its effects are likely linked to the positive modulation of neuroinflammation in peripheral and central nervous system that sustains peripheral and central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Amodeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Moschetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Franchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Anna T Brini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Sacerdote
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Boukelmoune N, Laumet G, Tang Y, Ma J, Mahant I, Nijboer C, Benders M, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ, Heijnen CJ. Nasal administration of mesenchymal stem cells reverses chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:43-54. [PMID: 33316379 PMCID: PMC8826497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most frequently reported adverse effects of cancer treatment. CIPN often persists long after treatment completion and has detrimental effects on patient's quality of life. There are no efficacious FDA-approved drugs for CIPN. We recently demonstrated that nasal administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) reverses the cognitive deficits induced by cisplatin in mice. Here we show that nasal administration of MSC after cisplatin- or paclitaxel treatment- completely reverses signs of established CIPN, including mechanical allodynia, spontaneous pain, and loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENF) in the paw. The resolution of CIPN is associated with normalization of the cisplatin-induced decrease in mitochondrial bioenergetics in DRG neurons. Nasally administered MSC enter rapidly the meninges of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral lymph nodes to promote IL-10 production by macrophages. MSC-mediated resolution of mechanical allodynia, recovery of IENFs and restoration of DRG mitochondrial function critically depends on IL-10 production. MSC from IL-10 knockout animals are not capable of reversing the symptoms of CIPN. Moreover, WT MSC do not reverse CIPN in mice lacking IL-10 receptors on peripheral sensory neurons. In conclusion, only two nasal administrations of MSC fully reverse CIPN and the associated mitochondrial abnormalities via an IL-10 dependent pathway. Since MSC are already applied clinically, we propose that nasal MSC treatment could become a powerful treatment for the large group of patients suffering from neurotoxicities of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Boukelmoune
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Yongfu Tang
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Itee Mahant
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Cora Nijboer
- Department of Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Benders
- Department of Neonatology, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Cobi J. Heijnen
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.,Corresponding author at: Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Z8.5034, Houston, Texas, 77030. (Cobi J. Heijnen)
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Combined Treatment of Adipose Derived-Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Pregabalin Is Superior to Monotherapy for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8847110. [PMID: 33628271 PMCID: PMC7899775 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8847110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Neuropathic pain following nerve injury does not respond well to most available pharmacological remedies. We aimed to compare the outcome of the addition of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) to pregabalin for neuropathic pain treatment. Methods Adult female albino rats (n = 100) were randomized to receive traumatic sciatic nerve injury or sham. Animals were then randomized to ADMSC treatment with or without pregabalin. We conducted a battery of neurobehavioral and electrophysiological to assess neuropathic pain. Following sacrifice, we evaluated the histological changes and gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the sciatic nerve. Serum and sciatic nerve tissue pro- and inflammatory cytokine levels were also assessed. Results (1) All treatments significantly improved thermal withdrawal latency, sciatic nerve conduction velocity, and proinflammatory cytokine levels in injured animals, with no significant effect of the combined treatments compared to pregabalin monotherapy (p < 0.05 each). (2) Combined treatment significantly improved medial gastrocnemius electromyographic amplitude and sciatic function index compared to pregabalin monotherapy (p < 0.05 each). (3) Combined treatment significantly increased the BDNF expression, decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine (p < 0.05 each), and restored the structural nerve damage, compared to pregabalin monotherapy. Conclusions Combined treatment is associated with greater improvement of the sciatic nerve structure and function. Further studies are warranted to study the mechanism of action of the combined treatment to improve neuropathic pain.
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The Future of Regenerative Medicine: Cell Therapy Using Pluripotent Stem Cells and Acellular Therapies Based on Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020240. [PMID: 33513719 PMCID: PMC7912181 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid progress in the field of stem cell research has laid strong foundations for their use in regenerative medicine applications of injured or diseased tissues. Growing evidences indicate that some observed therapeutic outcomes of stem cell-based therapy are due to paracrine effects rather than long-term engraftment and survival of transplanted cells. Given their ability to cross biological barriers and mediate intercellular information transfer of bioactive molecules, extracellular vesicles are being explored as potential cell-free therapeutic agents. In this review, we first discuss the state of the art of regenerative medicine and its current limitations and challenges, with particular attention on pluripotent stem cell-derived products to repair organs like the eye, heart, skeletal muscle and skin. We then focus on emerging beneficial roles of extracellular vesicles to alleviate these pathological conditions and address hurdles and operational issues of this acellular strategy. Finally, we discuss future directions and examine how careful integration of different approaches presented in this review could help to potentiate therapeutic results in preclinical models and their good manufacturing practice (GMP) implementation for future clinical trials.
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Oliveira ALL, Santos GGL, Espirito-Santo RF, Silva GSA, Evangelista AF, Silva DN, Soares MBP, Villarreal CF. Reestablishment of Redox Homeostasis in the Nociceptive Primary Afferent as a Mechanism of Antinociception Promoted by Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Oxaliplatin-Induced Chronic Peripheral Neuropathy. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8815206. [PMID: 33505472 PMCID: PMC7808808 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8815206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Painful neuropathy is a common adverse effect of oxaliplatin (OXL), a platinum-derivative chemotherapeutic agent. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are key factors contributing to the development of OXL-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN). Based on the antioxidant and antinociceptive properties of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), the present study tested the hypothesis that MSC induce antinociceptive effects during OIPN by promoting regulation of redox environment and mitochondrial homeostasis in the nociceptive primary afferents. C57Bl/6 mice submitted to the OXL-chronic neuropathy induction protocol by repeated intravenous administration of OXL (1 mg/kg) were evaluated to determine the paw mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds using the von Frey filaments and cold plate tests, respectively. Two weeks after the neuropathy induction, mice were treated with bone marrow-derived MSC (1 × 106), vehicle, or gabapentin (GBP, 70 mg/kg). Four weeks later, mitochondrial morphology, gene expression profile, and oxidative stress markers in the sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, RT-qPCR, and biochemical assays, respectively. OXL-treated mice presented behavioral signs of sensory neuropathy, such as mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The behavioral painful neuropathy was completely reverted by a single administration of MSC, while the daily treatment with GBP induced only a short-lived antinociceptive effect. The ultrastructural analysis of the sciatic nerve and DRG of OIPN mice revealed a high proportion of atypical mitochondria in both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. Importantly, this mitochondrial atypia was strongly reduced in MSC-treated neuropathic mice. Moreover, MSC-treated neuropathic mice showed upregulation of Sod and Nrf2 mRNA in the sciatic nerve and DRG. In line with this result, MSC reduced markers of nitrosative stress and lipid peroxidation in the sciatic nerve and DRG from OIPN mice. Our data suggest that the reestablishment of redox homeostasis in the nociceptive primary afferents is a mechanism by which MSC transplantation reverts the OXL-induced chronic painful neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniela N. Silva
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Advanced Health Systems (ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Milena B. P. Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 40296-710, Brazil
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Advanced Health Systems (ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, 41650-010, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 40296-710, Brazil
- College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-290, Brazil
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Masoodifar M, Hajihashemi S, Pazhoohan S, Nazemi S, Mojadadi MS. Effect of the conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells on the expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 purinergic receptors in the spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:143-150. [PMID: 33404958 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their conditioned medium (CM) have potential therapeutic effects in animal models of neuropathic pain (NP). However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Because of the leading involvement of purinergic receptors in the pathogenesis of NP, this study aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs-CM on the expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors in a rat model of NP induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. CM was prepared from the rats' bone marrow-derived MSCs culture. After that, NP rats were treated by intraperitoneal injection of CM, or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) 1 day before and 7 and 11 days after CCI surgery. The NP status was assessed in the treated animals using behavioral tests, including mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, on days - 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 of the study. At the end of the study (Day 15), the animals were sacrificed, and the relative gene expression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors were measured in the spinal cord using quantitative real-time PCR. The results demonstrated that in the CM-treated NP rats, mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were significantly reduced compared with the DMEM-treated group. In addition, the expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors were noticeably prevented in the CM-treated group than the control group. These findings indicate that the antinociceptive effects of CM in the NP rats are partly mediated through preventing the upregulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Masoodifar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Saeed Hajihashemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Saeed Pazhoohan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Samad Nazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Laloze J, Fiévet L, Desmoulière A. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Regenerative Medicine: State of Play, Current Clinical Trials, and Future Prospects. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:24-48. [PMID: 32470315 PMCID: PMC7698876 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound healing is a complex process involving pain and inflammation, where innervation plays a central role. Managing wound healing and pain remains an important issue, especially in pathologies such as excessive scarring (often leading to fibrosis) or deficient healing, leading to chronic wounds. Recent Advances: Advances in therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells offer new insights for treating indications that previously lacked options. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) are now being used to a much greater extent in clinical trials for regenerative medicine. However, to be really valid, these randomized trials must imperatively follow strict guidelines such as consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) statement. Indeed, AD-MSCs, because of their paracrine activities and multipotency, have potential to cure degenerative and/or inflammatory diseases. Combined with their relatively easy access (from adipose tissue) and proliferation capacity, AD-MSCs represent an excellent candidate for allogeneic treatments. Critical Issues: The success of AD-MSC therapy may depend on the robustness of the biological functions of AD-MSCs, which requires controlling source heterogeneity and production processes, and development of biomarkers that predict desired responses. Several studies have investigated the effect of AD-MSCs on innervation, wound repair, or pain management separately, but systematic evaluation of how those effects could be combined is lacking. Future Directions: Future studies that explore how AD-MSC therapy can be used to treat difficult-to-heal wounds, underlining the need to thoroughly characterize the cells used, and standardization of preparation processes are needed. Finally, how this a priori easy-to-use cell therapy treatment fits into clinical management of pain, improvement of tissue healing, and patient quality of life, all need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Laloze
- Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Limoges, France
- Department of Maxillo-Facial and Reconstructive Surgery and Stomatology, University Hospital Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Loïc Fiévet
- STROMALab, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Occitanie, INSERM 1031, National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), ERL5311 CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexis Desmoulière
- Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Limoges, France
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Cosamalón-Gan I, Cosamalón-Gan T, Mattos-Piaggio G, Villar-Suárez V, García-Cosamalón J, Vega-Álvarez JA. Inflammation in the intervertebral disc herniation. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2021; 32:21-35. [PMID: 32169419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Up until fairly recently, it was thought that sciatic pain in the lumbar herniated disc was caused by compression on the nerve root. However, the lumbar herniated disc shows mixed pictures which are difficult to explain by simple mechanical compromise. In recent years various immunology, immunohistochemistry and molecular biology studies have shown that the herniated tissue is not an inert material, but rather it Is biologically very active with the capability of expressing a series of inflammatory mediators: cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleuquin-8 and tumor necrosis factor being the ones which stand out. The inflammation is not only induced by the chemical irritation of the bioactive substances released by the nucleus pulposus but also by an autoimmune response against itself. Thus, in addition to the mechanical factor, the biomechanical mediation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sciatic pain and of radiculopathy. Through a review of a wide range of literature, we researched the cellular molecular mediators involved in this inflammatory process around the lumbar herniated disc and its involvement in sciatic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Cosamalón-Gan
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España
| | - Tatiana Cosamalón-Gan
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España
| | | | | | | | - José Antonio Vega-Álvarez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España
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Niada S, Giannasi C, Magagnotti C, Andolfo A, Brini AT. Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles and conditioned medium from human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells and dermal fibroblasts. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104069. [PMID: 33309826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EV) from Adipose-derived Stem/stromal cells (ASC) and Dermal fibroblasts (DF) represent promising tools for therapeutic applications. Which one should be preferred is still under debate and no direct comparison of their proteome has been reported yet. Here, we apply quantitative proteomics to explore the protein composition of CM and EV from the two cell types. Data are available via ProteomeXchange (identifier PXD020219). We identified 1977 proteins by LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Unsupervised clustering analysis and PCA recognized CM and EV as separate groups. We identified 68 and 201 CM and EV specific factors. CM were enriched in proteins of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, whereas EV contained a large amount of GTPases, ribosome and translation factors. The analysis of ASC and DF secretomes revealed the presence of cell type-specific proteins. ASC-CM and -EV carried factors involved in ECM organization and immunological regulation, respectively. Conversely, DF-CM and -EV were enriched in epithelium development associated factors and -EV in Wnt signaling factors. In conclusion, this analysis provides evidence of a different protein composition between CM and EV and of the presence of cell type-specific bioactive mediators suggesting their specific future use as advanced therapy medicinal products. SIGNIFICANCE: The use of cell secretome presents several advantages over cell therapy such as the lower risks associated to the administration step and the avoidance of any potential risk of malignant transformation. The main secretome preparations consist in concentrated conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EV). Both of them showed well-documented therapeutic potentials. However, it is still not clear in which case it should be better to use one preparation over the other and an exhaustive comparison between their proteome has not been performed yet. The choice of the cell source is another relevant aspect that still needs to be addressed. In order to shed light on these questions we explored the protein composition of CM and EV obtained from Adipose-derived Stem/stromal Cells (ASC) and Dermal Fibroblasts (DF), by a comprehensive quantitative proteomics approach. The analysis showed a clear distinction between CM and EV proteome. CM were enriched in proteins of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, whereas EV contained a large amount of GTPases, ribosome and translation-related factors. Furthermore, the analysis of ASC and DF secretomes revealed specific biological processes for the different cell products. ASC secretome presented factors involved in ECM organization (hyaluronan and glycosaminoglycan metabolism) and immunological regulation (e.g. macrophage and IkB/NFkB signaling regulation), respectively. On the other hand, DF-CM and -EV were both enriched in epithelium development associated factors, whilst DF-CM in proteins involved in cellular processes regulation and -EV in Wnt signaling factors. In conclusion, our study shed a light on the different protein composition of CM and EV of two promising cell types, spanning from basic processes involved in secretion to specific pathways supporting their therapeutic potential and their possible future use as advanced therapy medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cinzia Magagnotti
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Teresa Brini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Giannasi C, Niada S, Magagnotti C, Ragni E, Andolfo A, Brini AT. Comparison of two ASC-derived therapeutics in an in vitro OA model: secretome versus extracellular vesicles. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:521. [PMID: 33272318 PMCID: PMC7711257 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, several clinical trials have proved the safety and efficacy of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASC) in contrasting osteoarthritis (OA). Since ASC act mainly through paracrine mechanisms, their secretome (conditioned medium, CM) represents a promising therapeutic alternative. ASC-CM is a complex cocktail of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids released as soluble factors and/or conveyed into extracellular vesicles (EV). Here, we investigate its therapeutic potential in an in vitro model of OA. METHODS Human articular chondrocytes (CH) were induced towards an OA phenotype by 10 ng/ml TNFα in the presence of either ASC-CM or EV, both deriving from 5 × 105 cells, to evaluate the effect on hypertrophic, catabolic, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Given the same number of donor cells, our data reveal a higher therapeutic potential of ASC-CM compared to EV alone that was confirmed by its enrichment in chondroprotective factors among which TIMP-1 and -2 stand out. In details, only ASC-CM significantly decreased MMP activity (22% and 29% after 3 and 6 days) and PGE2 expression (up to 40% at day 6) boosted by the inflammatory cytokine. Conversely, both treatments down-modulated of ~ 30% the hypertrophic marker COL10A1. CONCLUSIONS These biological and molecular evidences of ASC-CM beneficial action on CH with an induced OA phenotype may lay the basis for its future clinical translation as a cell-free therapeutic in the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giannasi
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Niada
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Magagnotti
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Brini
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Dehdashtian A, Bratley JV, Svientek SR, Kung TA, Awan TM, Cederna PS, Kemp SW. Autologous fat grafting for nerve regeneration and neuropathic pain: current state from bench-to-bedside. Regen Med 2020; 15:2209-2228. [PMID: 33264053 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in microsurgical techniques, functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury remains slow and inadequate. Poor peripheral nerve regeneration not only leaves patients with significant impairments, but also commonly leads to the development of debilitating neuropathic pain. Recent research has demonstrated the potential therapeutic benefits of adipose-derived stem cells, to enhance nerve regeneration. However, clinical translation remains limited due to the current regulatory burdens of the US FDA. A reliable and immediately translatable alternative is autologous fat grafting, where native adipose-derived stem cells present in the transferred tissue can potentially act upon regenerating axons. This review presents the scope of adipose tissue-based therapies to enhance outcomes following peripheral nerve injury, specifically focusing on their role in regeneration and ameliorating neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dehdashtian
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jarred V Bratley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shelby R Svientek
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Theodore A Kung
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tariq M Awan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paul S Cederna
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Wp Kemp
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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