1
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Gianazza E, Brioschi M, Eligini S, Banfi C. Mass spectrometry for the study of adipocyte cell secretome in cardiovascular diseases. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:752-781. [PMID: 36161723 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is classically considered the primary site of lipid storage, but in recent years has garnered appreciation for its broad role as an endocrine organ, capable of remotely signaling to other tissues to alter their metabolic program. The adipose tissue is now recognized as a crucial regulator of cardiovascular health, mediated by the secretion of several bioactive products, with a wide range of endocrine and paracrine effects on the cardiovascular system. Thanks to the development and improvement of high-throughput mass spectrometry, the size and components of the human secretome have been characterized. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in mass spectrometry-based studies of the cell and tissue secretome for the understanding of adipose tissue biology, which may help to decipher the complex molecular mechanisms controlling the crosstalk between the adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system, and their possible clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Brioschi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Eligini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Milan, Italy
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2
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Harber KJ, Neele AE, van Roomen CP, Gijbels MJ, Beckers L, Toom MD, Schomakers BV, Heister DA, Willemsen L, Griffith GR, de Goede KE, van Dierendonck XA, Reiche ME, Poli A, L-H Mogensen F, Michelucci A, Verberk SG, de Vries H, van Weeghel M, Van den Bossche J, de Winther MP. Targeting the ACOD1-itaconate axis stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103054. [PMID: 38309122 PMCID: PMC10848031 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory macrophages are key drivers of atherosclerosis that can induce rupture-prone vulnerable plaques. Skewing the plaque macrophage population towards a more protective phenotype and reducing the occurrence of clinical events is thought to be a promising method of treating atherosclerotic patients. In the current study, we investigate the immunomodulatory properties of itaconate, an immunometabolite derived from the TCA cycle intermediate cis-aconitate and synthesised by the enzyme Aconitate Decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, also known as IRG1), in the context of atherosclerosis. Ldlr-/- atherogenic mice transplanted with Acod1-/- bone marrow displayed a more stable plaque phenotype with smaller necrotic cores and showed increased recruitment of monocytes to the vessel intima. Macrophages from Acod1-/- mice contained more lipids whilst also displaying reduced induction of apoptosis. Using multi-omics approaches, we identify a metabolic shift towards purine metabolism, in addition to an altered glycolytic flux towards production of glycerol for triglyceride synthesis. Overall, our data highlight the potential of therapeutically blocking ACOD1 with the aim of stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Harber
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annette E Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy Paa van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Jj Gijbels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht UMC, University of Maastricht, 6229 HX, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Beckers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daan Af Heister
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Willemsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Guillermo R Griffith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyra E de Goede
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Xanthe Amh van Dierendonck
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Myrthe E Reiche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frida L-H Mogensen
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sanne Gs Verberk
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
| | - Menno Pj de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands.
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3
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Dakic T, Velickovic K, Lakic I, Ruzicic A, Milicevic A, Plackic N, Vujovic P, Jevdjovic T. Rat brown adipose tissue thermogenic markers are modulated by estrous cycle phases and short-term fasting. Biofactors 2024; 50:101-113. [PMID: 37482913 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) converts chemical energy into heat to maintain body temperature. Although fatty acids (FAs) represent a primary substrate for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent thermogenesis, BAT also utilizes glucose for the same purpose. Considering that estrous cycle effects on BAT are not greatly explored, we examined those of 6-h fasting on interscapular BAT (iBAT) thermogenic markers in proestrus and diestrus. We found that the percentage of multilocular adipocytes was lower in proestrus than in diestrus, although it was increased after fasting in both analyzed estrous cycle stages. Furthermore, the percentage of paucilocular adipocytes was increased by fasting, unlike the percentage of unilocular cells, which decreased in both analyzed stages of the estrous cycle. The UCP1 amount was lower in proestrus irrespectively of the examined dietary regimens. Regarding FA transporters, it was shown that iBAT CD36 content was increased in fasted rats in diestrus. In contrast to GLUT1, the level of GLUT4 was interactively modulated by selected estrous cycle phases and fasting. There was no change in insulin receptor and ERK1/2 activation, while AKT activation was interactively modulated by fasting and estrous cycle stages. Our study showed that iBAT exhibits morphological and functional changes in proestrus and diestrus. Moreover, iBAT undergoes additional dynamic functional and morphological changes during short-term fasting to modulate nutrient utilization and adjust energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Dakic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Velickovic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Lakic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Ruzicic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjela Milicevic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Plackic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Vujovic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Jevdjovic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
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4
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Moiz B, Sriram G, Clyne AM. Interpreting metabolic complexity via isotope-assisted metabolic flux analysis. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:553-567. [PMID: 36863894 PMCID: PMC10182253 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Isotope-assisted metabolic flux analysis (iMFA) is a powerful method to mathematically determine the metabolic fluxome from experimental isotope labeling data and a metabolic network model. While iMFA was originally developed for industrial biotechnological applications, it is increasingly used to analyze eukaryotic cell metabolism in physiological and pathological states. In this review, we explain how iMFA estimates the intracellular fluxome, including data and network model (inputs), the optimization-based data fitting (process), and the flux map (output). We then describe how iMFA enables analysis of metabolic complexities and discovery of metabolic pathways. Our goal is to expand the use of iMFA in metabolism research, which is essential to maximizing the impact of metabolic experiments and continuing to advance iMFA and biocomputational techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Moiz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ganesh Sriram
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alisa Morss Clyne
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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5
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Jeon YG, Kim YY, Lee G, Kim JB. Physiological and pathological roles of lipogenesis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:735-759. [PMID: 37142787 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are essential metabolites, which function as energy sources, structural components and signalling mediators. Most cells are able to convert carbohydrates into fatty acids, which are often converted into neutral lipids for storage in the form of lipid droplets. Accumulating evidence suggests that lipogenesis plays a crucial role not only in metabolic tissues for systemic energy homoeostasis but also in immune and nervous systems for their proliferation, differentiation and even pathophysiological roles. Thus, excessive or insufficient lipogenesis is closely associated with aberrations in lipid homoeostasis, potentially leading to pathological consequences, such as dyslipidaemia, diabetes, fatty liver, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. For systemic energy homoeostasis, multiple enzymes involved in lipogenesis are tightly controlled by transcriptional and post-translational modifications. In this Review, we discuss recent findings regarding the regulatory mechanisms, physiological roles and pathological importance of lipogenesis in multiple tissues such as adipose tissue and the liver, as well as the immune and nervous systems. Furthermore, we briefly introduce the therapeutic implications of lipogenesis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Young Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gung Lee
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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6
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Stacpoole PW, McCall CE. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: Life's essential, vulnerable and druggable energy homeostat. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:59-102. [PMID: 36863425 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi-component megacomplexes provide a crucial mechanistic link between cytoplasmic glycolysis and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. As a consequence, PDCs also influence the metabolism of branched chain amino acids, lipids and, ultimately, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). PDC activity is an essential determinant of the metabolic and bioenergetic flexibility of metazoan organisms in adapting to changes in development, nutrient availability and various stresses that challenge maintenance of homeostasis. This canonical role of the PDC has been extensively probed over the past decades by multidisciplinary investigations into its causal association with diverse physiological and pathological conditions, the latter making the PDC an increasingly viable therapeutic target. Here we review the biology of the remarkable PDC and its emerging importance in the pathobiology and treatment of diverse congenital and acquired disorders of metabolic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine and Translational Sciences, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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7
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Nicholls DG, Brand MD. A critical assessment of the role of creatine in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:21-28. [PMID: 36624158 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue is specialized for non-shivering thermogenesis, combining lipolysis with an extremely active mitochondrial electron transport chain and a unique regulated uncoupling protein, UCP1, allowing unrestricted respiration. Current excitement focuses on the presence of brown adipose tissue in humans and the possibility that it may contribute to diet-induced thermogenesis, countering obesity and obesity-related disease as well as protecting cardio-metabolic health. In common with other tissues displaying a high, variable respiration, the tissue possesses a creatine pool and mitochondrial and cytosolic creatine kinase isoforms. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of these components have pleiotropic effects that appear to influence diet- and cold-induced metabolism in vivo and modeled in vitro. These findings have been used to advance the concept of a UCP1-independent diet-induced thermogenic mechanism based on a dissipative hydrolysis of phosphocreatine in beige and brown adipose tissue. Here we review the in vivo and in vitro experimental basis for this hypothesis, and explore alternative explanations. We conclude that there is currently no convincing evidence for a significant futile creatine cycle in these tissues.
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8
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Moiz B, Li A, Padmanabhan S, Sriram G, Clyne AM. Isotope-Assisted Metabolic Flux Analysis: A Powerful Technique to Gain New Insights into the Human Metabolome in Health and Disease. Metabolites 2022; 12:1066. [PMID: 36355149 PMCID: PMC9694183 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell metabolism represents the coordinated changes in genes, proteins, and metabolites that occur in health and disease. The metabolic fluxome, which includes both intracellular and extracellular metabolic reaction rates (fluxes), therefore provides a powerful, integrated description of cellular phenotype. However, intracellular fluxes cannot be directly measured. Instead, flux quantification requires sophisticated mathematical and computational analysis of data from isotope labeling experiments. In this review, we describe isotope-assisted metabolic flux analysis (iMFA), a rigorous computational approach to fluxome quantification that integrates metabolic network models and experimental data to generate quantitative metabolic flux maps. We highlight practical considerations for implementing iMFA in mammalian models, as well as iMFA applications in in vitro and in vivo studies of physiology and disease. Finally, we identify promising new frontiers in iMFA which may enable us to fully unlock the potential of iMFA in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Moiz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Andrew Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Surya Padmanabhan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ganesh Sriram
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alisa Morss Clyne
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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9
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Hermans ME, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Ferdinandusse S, Hollak CEM, Huidekoper HH, Janssen MCH, van Kuilenburg ABP, Pras-Raves ML, Wamelink MMC, Wanders RJA, Welsink-Karssies MM, Bosch AM. Multi-omics in classical galactosemia: Evidence for the involvement of multiple metabolic pathways. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:1094-1105. [PMID: 36053831 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Classical galactosemia (CG) is one of the more frequent inborn errors of metabolism affecting approximately 1:40.000 people. Despite a life-saving galactose-restricted diet, patients develop highly variable long-term complications including intellectual disability and movement disorders. The pathophysiology of these complications is still poorly understood and development of new therapies is hampered by a lack of valid prognostic biomarkers. Multi-omics approaches may discover new biomarkers and improve prediction of patient outcome. In the current study, (semi-)targeted mass-spectrometry based metabolomics and lipidomics were performed in erythrocytes of 40 patients with both classical and variant phenotypes and 39 controls. Lipidomics did not show any significant changes or deficiencies. The metabolomics analysis revealed that CG does not only compromise the Leloir pathway, but also involves other metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and nucleotide metabolism in the erythrocyte. Moreover, the energy status of the cell appears to be compromised, with significantly decreased levels of ATP and ADP. This possibly is the consequence of two different mechanisms: impaired formation of ATP from ADP possibly due to reduced flux though the glycolytic pathway and trapping of phosphate in galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1P) which accumulates in CG. Our findings are in line with the current notion that the accumulation of Gal-1P plays a key role in the pathophysiology of CG not only by depletion of intracellular phosphate levels but also by decreasing metabolite abundance downstream in the glycolytic pathway and affecting other pathways. New therapeutic options for CG could be directed towards the restoration of intracellular phosphate homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel E Hermans
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- United for Metabolic Diseases, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla E M Hollak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hidde H Huidekoper
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - André B P van Kuilenburg
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam M C Wamelink
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mendy M Welsink-Karssies
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet M Bosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Pereverzeva L, van Linge CCA, Schuurman AR, Klarenbeek AM, Ramirez Moral I, Otto NA, Peters-Sengers H, Butler JM, Schomakers BV, van Weeghel M, Houtkooper RH, Wiersinga WJ, Bonta PI, Annema JT, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Human alveolar macrophages do not rely on glucose metabolism upon activation by lipopolysaccharide. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166488. [PMID: 35835414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Most macrophages generate energy to mount an inflammatory cytokine response by increased glucose metabolism through intracellular glycolysis. Previous studies have suggested that alveolar macrophages (AMs), which reside in a glucose-poor natural environment, are less capable to utilize glycolysis and instead rely on other substrates to fuel oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy supply. At present, it is not known whether AMs are capable to use glucose metabolism to produce cytokines when other metabolic options are blocked. Here, we studied human AMs retrieved by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy subjects, and examined their glucose metabolism in response to activation by the gram-negative bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ex vivo. The immunological and metabolic responses of AMs were compared to those of cultured blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from the same subjects. LPS stimulation enhanced cytokine release by both AMs and MDMs, which was associated with increased lactate release by MDMs (reflecting glycolysis), but not by AMs. In agreement, LPS induced higher mRNA expression of multiple glycolytic regulators in MDMs, but not in AMs. Flux analyses of [13C]-glucose revealed no differences in [13C]-incorporation in glucose metabolism intermediates in AMs. Inhibition of OXPHOS by oligomycin strongly reduced LPS-induced cytokine production by AMs, but not by MDMs. Collectively, these results indicate that human AMs, in contrast to MDMs, do not use glucose metabolism during LPS-induced activation and fully rely on OXPHOS for cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Pereverzeva
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Christine C A van Linge
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex R Schuurman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Augustijn M Klarenbeek
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Ramirez Moral
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja A Otto
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters-Sengers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter I Bonta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jouke T Annema
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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11
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Ying Z, Tramper N, Zhou E, Boon MR, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S. Role of thermogenic adipose tissue in lipid metabolism and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: lessons from studies in mice and humans. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:905-918. [PMID: 35944189 PMCID: PMC10153643 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipocytes within brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes within white adipose tissue dissipate nutritional energy as heat. Studies in mice have shown that activation of thermogenesis in brown and beige adipocytes enhances the lipolytic processing of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in plasma to supply these adipocytes with fatty acids for oxidation. This process results in formation of TRL remnants that are removed from the circulation through binding of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) on their surface to the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) on hepatocytes, followed by internalization. Concomitantly, lipolytic processing of circulating TRLs leads to generation of excess surface phospholipids that are transferred to nascent high-density lipoproteins (HDL), increasing their capacity for reverse cholesterol transport. Activation of thermogenic adipocytes thus lowers circulating triglycerides and non-HDL-cholesterol, while it increases HDL-cholesterol. The combined effect is protection from atherosclerosis development, which becomes evident in humanized mouse models with an intact ApoE-LDLR clearance pathway only, and is additive to the effects of classical lipid-lowering drugs including statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors. A large recent study revealed that the presence of metabolically active BAT in humans is associated with lower triglycerides, higher HDL-cholesterol and lower risk of cardiovascular diseases. This narrative review aims to provide leads for further exploration of thermogenic adipose tissue as a therapeutic target. To this end, we describe the latest knowledge on the role of BAT in lipoprotein metabolism and address, for example, the discovery of the β2-adrenergic receptor as the dominant adrenergic receptor in human thermogenic adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Naomi Tramper
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Enchen Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Sponton CH, de Lima-Junior JC, Leiria LO. What puts the heat on thermogenic fat: metabolism of fuel substrates. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:587-599. [PMID: 35697585 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its unique capacity to clear macronutrients from circulation and use them to produce heat, thermogenic fat is capable of regulating glucose, lipids, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) circulatory levels. At the same time, its activity yields a higher energy expenditure, thereby conferring protection against cardiometabolic diseases. Our knowledge on the mechanisms of uptake and intracellular metabolism of such energy substrates into thermogenic fat has meaningfully evolved in recent years. This has allowed us to better understand how the thermogenic machinery processes those molecules to utilize them as substrates for heating up the body. Here, we discuss recent advances in the molecular and cellular regulatory process that governs the uptake and metabolism of such substrates within thermogenic fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H Sponton
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz O Leiria
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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13
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Onogi Y, Ussar S. Regulatory networks determining substrate utilization in brown adipocytes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:493-506. [PMID: 35491296 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is often considered as a sink for nutrients to generate heat. However, when the complex hormonal and nervous inputs and intracellular signaling networks regulating substrate utilization are considered, BAT appears much more as a tightly controlled rheostat, regulating body temperature and balancing circulating nutrient levels. Here we provide an overview of key regulatory circuits, including the diurnal rhythm, determining glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid utilization and the interdependency of these nutrients in thermogenesis. Moreover, we discuss additional factors mediating sympathetic BAT activation beyond β-adrenergic signaling and the limitations of glucose-based BAT activity measurements to foster a better understanding and interpretation of BAT activity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Onogi
- RG Adipocytes & Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes & Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- RG Adipocytes & Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes & Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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14
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van Eenige R, In Het Panhuis W, Schönke M, Jouffe C, Devilee TH, Siebeler R, Streefland TCM, Sips HCM, Pronk ACM, Vorderman RHP, Mei H, van Klinken JB, van Weeghel M, Uhlenhaut NH, Kersten S, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S. Angiopoietin-like 4 governs diurnal lipoprotein lipase activity in brown adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101497. [PMID: 35413480 PMCID: PMC9048098 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) burns fatty acids (FAs) to produce heat, and shows diurnal oscillation in glucose and triglyceride (TG)-derived FA-uptake, peaking around wakening. Here we aimed to gain insight in the diurnal regulation of metabolic BAT activity. Methods RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing, and lipidomics analyses were performed on BAT samples of wild type C57BL/6J mice collected at 3-hour intervals throughout the day. Knockout and overexpression models were used to study causal relationships in diurnal lipid handling by BAT. Results We identified pronounced enrichment of oscillating genes involved in extracellular lipolysis in BAT, accompanied by oscillations of FA and monoacylglycerol content. This coincided with peak lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) expression, and was predicted to be driven by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activity. ChIP-sequencing for PPARγ confirmed oscillation in binding of PPARγ to Lpl. Of the known LPL-modulators, angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) showed the largest diurnal amplitude opposite to Lpl, and both Angptl4 knockout and overexpression attenuated oscillations of LPL activity and TG-derived FA-uptake by BAT. Conclusions Our findings highlight involvement of PPARγ and a crucial role of ANGPTL4 in mediating the diurnal oscillation of TG-derived FA-uptake by BAT, and imply that time of day is essential when targeting LPL activity in BAT to improve metabolic health. The transcriptome and lipidome of brown fat show clusters with distinct circadian phases. The peak in metabolic brown fat activity is defined by activation of lipolytic processes. PPARγ shows oscillating binding to lipolytic genes and may drive diurnal brown fat activity. Genetic modulation of the lipoprotein lipase inhibitor Angptl4 flattens rhythmic activity in brown fat. Time of day should be considered when studying the metabolic benefits of targeting brown fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin van Eenige
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wietse In Het Panhuis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Schönke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Céline Jouffe
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas H Devilee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ricky Siebeler
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trea C M Streefland
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hetty C M Sips
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda C M Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben H P Vorderman
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Bert van Klinken
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina H Uhlenhaut
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Metabolic Programming, Technical University of Munich School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
| | - Sander Kersten
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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15
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Jung SM, Le J, Doxsey WG, Haley JA, Park G, Guertin DA, Jang C. Stable Isotope Tracing and Metabolomics to Study In Vivo Brown Adipose Tissue Metabolic Fluxes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2448:119-130. [PMID: 35167094 PMCID: PMC9924221 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2087-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) demonstrates extraordinary metabolic capacity. Previous research using conventional radio tracers reveals that BAT can act as a sink for a diverse menu of nutrients; still, the question of how BAT utilizes these nutrients remains unclear. Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to stable isotope tracing methods have greatly improved our understanding of metabolism in biology. Here, we have developed a BAT-tailored metabolomics and stable isotope tracing protocol using, as an example, the universally labeled 13C-glucose, a key nutrient heavily utilized by BAT. This method enables metabolic roadmaps to be drawn and pathway fluxes to be inferred for each nutrient tracer within BAT and its application could uncover new metabolic pathways not previously appreciated for BAT physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Myung Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Will G Doxsey
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - John A Haley
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Grace Park
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David A Guertin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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16
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Xu Y, Shi T, Cui X, Yan L, Wang Q, Xu X, Zhao Q, Xu X, Tang QQ, Tang H, Pan D. Asparagine reinforces mTORC1 signaling to boost thermogenesis and glycolysis in adipose tissues. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108069. [PMID: 34704268 PMCID: PMC8672174 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige fat are specialized for energy expenditure by dissipating energy from glucose and fatty acid oxidation as heat. While glucose and fatty acid metabolism have been extensively studied in thermogenic adipose tissues, the involvement of amino acids in regulating adaptive thermogenesis remains little studied. Here, we report that asparagine supplementation in brown and beige adipocytes drastically upregulated the thermogenic transcriptional program and lipogenic gene expression, so that asparagine‐fed mice showed better cold tolerance. In mice with diet‐induced obesity, the asparagine‐fed group was more responsive to β3‐adrenergic receptor agonists, manifesting in blunted body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance. Metabolomics and 13C‐glucose flux analysis revealed that asparagine supplement spurred glycolysis to fuel thermogenesis and lipogenesis in adipocytes. Mechanistically, asparagine stimulated the mTORC1 pathway, which promoted expression of thermogenic genes and key enzymes in glycolysis. These findings show that asparagine bioavailability affects glycolytic and thermogenic activities in adipose tissues, providing a possible nutritional strategy for improving systemic energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Furlani IL, da Cruz Nunes E, Canuto GAB, Macedo AN, Oliveira RV. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Metabolomics: An Overview. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1336:179-213. [PMID: 34628633 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77252-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a discipline that offers a comprehensive analysis of metabolites in biological samples. In the last decades, the notable evolution in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry technologies has driven an exponential progress in LC-MS-based metabolomics. Targeted and untargeted metabolomics strategies are important tools in health and medical science, especially in the study of disease-related biomarkers, drug discovery and development, toxicology, diet, physical exercise, and precision medicine. Clinical and biological problems can now be understood in terms of metabolic phenotyping. This overview highlights the current approaches to LC-MS-based metabolomics analysis and its applications in the clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izadora L Furlani
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia (Separare), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Estéfane da Cruz Nunes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gisele A B Canuto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Adriana N Macedo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Regina V Oliveira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia (Separare), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Yan S, Kumari M, Xiao H, Jacobs C, Kochumon S, Jedrychowski M, Chouchani E, Ahmad R, Rosen ED. IRF3 reduces adipose thermogenesis via ISG15-mediated reprogramming of glycolysis. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:144888. [PMID: 33571167 DOI: 10.1172/jci144888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose thermogenesis is repressed in obesity, reducing the homeostatic capacity to compensate for chronic overnutrition. Inflammation inhibits adipose thermogenesis, but little is known about how this occurs. Here we showed that the innate immune transcription factor IRF3 is a strong repressor of thermogenic gene expression and oxygen consumption in adipocytes. IRF3 achieved this by driving expression of the ubiquitin-like modifier ISG15, which became covalently attached to glycolytic enzymes, thus reducing their function and decreasing lactate production. Lactate repletion was able to restore thermogenic gene expression, even when the IRF3/ISG15 axis was activated. Mice lacking ISG15 phenocopied mice lacking IRF3 in adipocytes, as both had elevated energy expenditure and were resistant to diet-induced obesity. These studies provide a deep mechanistic understanding of how the chronic inflammatory milieu of adipose tissue in obesity prevents thermogenic compensation for overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manju Kumari
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shihab Kochumon
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mark Jedrychowski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Kuefner MS, Stephenson E, Savikj M, Smallwood HS, Dong Q, Payré C, Lambeau G, Park EA. Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A) augments adipose tissue thermogenesis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21881. [PMID: 34478587 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002481rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A) hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 position resulting in the release of fatty acids and lysophospholipids. C57BL/6 mice do not express Pla2g2a due to a frameshift mutation (wild-type [WT] mice). We previously reported that transgenic expression of human PLA2G2A in C57BL/6 mice (IIA+ mice) protects against weight gain and insulin resistance, in part by increasing total energy expenditure. Additionally, we found that brown and white adipocytes from IIA+ mice have increased expression of mitochondrial uncoupling markers, such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator, and PR domain containing 16, suggesting that the energy expenditure phenotype might be due to an increased thermogenic capacity in adipose tissue. Here, we further characterize the impact of PLA2G2A on thermogenic mechanisms in adipose tissue. Metabolic analysis of WT and IIA+ mice revealed that even when housed within their thermoneutral zone, IIA+ mice have elevated energy expenditure compared to WT littermates. Increased energy expenditure in IIA+ mice is associated with increased citrate synthase activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increased mitochondrial respiration in both brown and white adipocytes. We also observed that direct addition of recombinant PLA2G2A enzyme to in vitro cultured adipocytes results in the marked induction of UCP1 protein expression. Finally, we report that PLA2G2A induces the expression of numerous transcripts related to energy substrate transport and metabolism in BAT, suggestive of an increase in substrate flux to fuel BAT activity. These data demonstrate that PLA2G2A enhances adipose tissue thermogenesis, in part, through elevated substrate delivery and increased mitochondrial content in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Kuefner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erin Stephenson
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies and Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Mladen Savikj
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heather S Smallwood
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qingming Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christine Payré
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Edwards A Park
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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20
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Jung SM, Doxsey WG, Le J, Haley JA, Mazuecos L, Luciano AK, Li H, Jang C, Guertin DA. In vivo isotope tracing reveals the versatility of glucose as a brown adipose tissue substrate. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109459. [PMID: 34320357 PMCID: PMC8369932 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Active brown adipose tissue (BAT) consumes copious amounts of glucose, yet how glucose metabolism supports thermogenesis is unclear. By combining transcriptomics, metabolomics, and stable isotope tracing in vivo, we systematically analyze BAT glucose utilization in mice during acute and chronic cold exposure. Metabolite profiling reveals extensive temperature-dependent changes in the BAT metabolome and transcriptome upon cold adaptation, discovering unexpected metabolite markers of thermogenesis, including increased N-acetyl-amino acid production. Time-course stable isotope tracing further reveals rapid incorporation of glucose carbons into glycolysis and TCA cycle, as well as several auxiliary pathways, including NADPH, nucleotide, and phospholipid synthesis pathways. Gene expression differences inconsistently predict glucose fluxes, indicating that posttranscriptional mechanisms also govern glucose utilization. Surprisingly, BAT swiftly generates fatty acids and acyl-carnitines from glucose, suggesting that lipids are rapidly synthesized and immediately oxidized. These data reveal versatility in BAT glucose utilization, highlighting the value of an integrative-omics approach to understanding organ metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Myung Jung
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Will G Doxsey
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - John A Haley
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Amelia K Luciano
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Huawei Li
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - David A Guertin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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21
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Wang Z, Wang QA, Liu Y, Jiang L. Energy metabolism in brown adipose tissue. FEBS J 2021; 288:3647-3662. [PMID: 34028971 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is well known to burn calories through uncoupled respiration, producing heat to maintain body temperature. This 'calorie wasting' feature makes BAT a special tissue, which can function as an 'energy sink' in mammals. While a combination of high energy intake and low energy expenditure is the leading cause of overweight and obesity in modern society, activating a safe 'energy sink' has been proposed as a promising obesity treatment strategy. Metabolically, lipids and glucose have been viewed as the major energy substrates in BAT, while succinate, lactate, branched-chain amino acids, and other metabolites can also serve as energy substrates for thermogenesis. Since the cataplerotic and anaplerotic reactions of these metabolites interconnect with each other, BAT relies on its dynamic, flexible, and complex metabolism to support its special function. In this review, we summarize how BAT orchestrates the metabolic utilization of various nutrients to support thermogenesis and contributes to whole-body metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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22
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Michurina SS, Stafeev IS, Menshikov MY, Parfyonova YV. Mitochondrial dynamics keep balance of nutrient combustion in thermogenic adipocytes. Mitochondrion 2021; 59:157-168. [PMID: 34010673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-shivering thermogenesis takes place in brown and beige adipocytes and facilitates cold tolerance and acclimation. However, thermogenesis in adipose tissue also was found to be activated in metabolic overload states for fast utilization of nutrients excess. This observation spurred research interest in mechanisms of thermogenesis regulation for metabolic overload and obesity prevention. One of proposed regulators of thermogenic efficiency in adipocytes is the dynamics of mitochondria, where thermogenesis takes place. Indeed, brown and beige adipocytes exhibit fragmented round-shaped mitochondria, while white adipocytes have elongated organelles with high ATP synthesis. Mitochondrial morphology can determine uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) content, efficiency of catabolic pathways and electron transport chain, supplying thermogenesis. This review will highlight the co-regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and thermogenesis and formulate hypothetical ways for excessive nutrients burning in response to mitochondrial morphology manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Michurina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia.
| | - I S Stafeev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia.
| | - M Y Menshikov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ye V Parfyonova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia
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23
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Åslund A, Bokhari MH, Wetterdal E, Martin R, Knölker HJ, Bengtsson T. Myosin 1c: A novel regulator of glucose uptake in brown adipocytes. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101247. [PMID: 33965643 PMCID: PMC8182130 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The potential of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to influence energy homeostasis in animals and humans is encouraging as this tissue can increase fatty acid and glucose utilization to produce heat through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), but the actual mechanism of how the cell regulates glucose uptake is not fully understood. Myosin 1c (Myo1c) is an unconventional motor protein involved in several cellular processes, including insulin-mediated glucose uptake via GLUT4 vesicle fusion in white adipocytes, but its role in glucose uptake in BAT has not previously been investigated. Methods Using the specific inhibitor pentachloropseudilin (PClP), a neutralizing antibody assay, and siRNA, we examined the role of Myo1c in mechanisms leading to glucose uptake both in vitro in isolated mouse primary adipocytes and in vivo in mice. Results Our results show that inhibition of Myo1c removes insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in white adipocytes, while inducing glucose uptake in brown adipocytes, independent of GLUT4, by increasing the expression, translation, and translocation of GLUT1 to the plasma membrane. Inhibition of Myo1c leads to the activation of PKA and downstream substrates p38 and ATF-2, which are known to be involved in the expression of β-adrenergic genes. Conclusions Myo1c is a PKA repressor and regulates glucose uptake into BAT. Myo1c is a BAT-specific regulator of glucose uptake. Myo1c inhibition leads to increased expression, translation, and translocation of GLUT1. Myo1c inhibition results in increased activation of PKA and its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Åslund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika Wetterdal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - René Martin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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van der Vaart JI, Boon MR, Houtkooper RH. The Role of AMPK Signaling in Brown Adipose Tissue Activation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051122. [PMID: 34066631 PMCID: PMC8148517 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a pandemic, and its prevalence is still increasing. Considering that obesity increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases, research efforts are focusing on new ways to combat obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as a possible target to achieve this for its functional role in energy expenditure by means of increasing thermogenesis. An important metabolic sensor and regulator of whole-body energy balance is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and its role in energy metabolism is evident. This review highlights the mechanisms of BAT activation and investigates how AMPK can be used as a target for BAT activation. We review compounds and other factors that are able to activate AMPK and further discuss the therapeutic use of AMPK in BAT activation. Extensive research shows that AMPK can be activated by a number of different kinases, such as LKB1, CaMKK, but also small molecules, hormones, and metabolic stresses. AMPK is able to activate BAT by inducing adipogenesis, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and inducing browning in white adipose tissue. We conclude that, despite encouraging results, many uncertainties should be clarified before AMPK can be posed as a target for anti-obesity treatment via BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie I. van der Vaart
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (R.H.H.)
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (R.H.H.)
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25
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mTOR-driven glycolysis governs induction of innate immune responses by bronchial epithelial cells exposed to the bacterial component flagellin. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:594-604. [PMID: 33542495 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells play an essential role during bacterial infections of the airways by sensing pathogens and orchestrating protective immune responses. We here sought to determine which metabolic pathways are utilized by HBE cells to mount innate immune responses upon exposure to a relevant bacterial agonist. Stimulation of HBE cells by the bacterial component flagellin triggered activation of the mTOR pathway resulting in an increased glycolytic flux that sustained the secretory activity of immune mediators by HBE cells. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin impeded glycolysis and limited flagellin-induced secretion of immune mediators. The role of the mTOR pathway was recapitulated in vivo in a mouse model of flagellin-triggered lung innate immune responses. These data demonstrate that metabolic reprogramming via the mTOR pathway modulates activation of the respiratory epithelium, identifying mTOR as a potential therapeutic target to modulate mucosal immunity in the context of bacterial infections.
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26
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Molenaars M, Schomakers BV, Elfrink HL, Gao AW, Vervaart MAT, Pras-Raves ML, Luyf AC, Smith RL, Sterken MG, Kammenga JE, van Kampen AHC, Janssens GE, Vaz FM, van Weeghel M, Houtkooper RH. Metabolomics and lipidomics in Caenorhabditis elegans using a single-sample preparation. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm047746. [PMID: 33653825 PMCID: PMC8106956 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic mass spectrometry methods are in increasing demand; for instance, in research related to nutrition and aging. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a key model organism in these fields, owing to the large repository of available C. elegans mutants and their convenient natural lifespan. Here, we describe a robust and sensitive analytical method for the semi-quantitative analysis of >100 polar (metabolomics) and >1000 apolar (lipidomics) metabolites in C. elegans, using a single-sample preparation. Our method is capable of reliably detecting a wide variety of biologically relevant metabolic aberrations in, for example, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, pyrimidine metabolism and complex lipid biosynthesis. In conclusion, we provide a powerful analytical tool that maximizes metabolic data yield from a single sample. This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V. Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyung L. Elfrink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arwen W. Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin A. T. Vervaart
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mia L. Pras-Raves
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela C. Luyf
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reuben L. Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G. Sterken
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan E. Kammenga
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine H. C. van Kampen
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E. Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M. Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Aging selectively dampens oscillation of lipid abundance in white and brown adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5932. [PMID: 33723320 PMCID: PMC7961067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is under the control of the circadian system and circadian dysregulation has been linked to obesity and dyslipidemia. These factors and outcomes have also been associated to, or affected by, the process of aging. Here, we investigated whether murine white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue lipids exhibit rhythmicity and if this is affected by aging. To this end, we have measured the 24 h lipid profiles of WAT and BAT using a global lipidomics analysis of > 1100 lipids. We observed rhythmicity in nearly all lipid classes including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterol lipids and sphingolipids. Overall, ~ 22% of the analyzed lipids were considered rhythmic in WAT and BAT. Despite a general accumulation of lipids upon aging the fraction of oscillating lipids decreased in both tissues to 14% and 18%, respectively. Diurnal profiles of lipids in BAT appeared to depend on the lipid acyl chain length and this specific regulation was lost in aged mice. Our study revealed how aging affects the rhythmicity of lipid metabolism and could contribute to the quest for targets that improve diurnal lipid homeostasis to maintain cardiometabolic health during aging.
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28
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Harney DJ, Cielesh M, Chu R, Cooke KC, James DE, Stöckli J, Larance M. Proteomics analysis of adipose depots after intermittent fasting reveals visceral fat preservation mechanisms. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108804. [PMID: 33657384 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting is a beneficial dietary treatment for obesity. But the response of each distinct adipose depot is currently poorly defined. Here we explore the response of key adipose depots to every-other-day fasting (EODF) in mice using proteomics. A key change in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) and visceral WAT (vWAT) depots is an increase in mitochondrial protein content after EODF. This effect is correlated with increased fatty acid synthesis enzymes in both WAT depots but not in brown adipose tissue. Strikingly, EODF treatment downregulates lipolysis specifically in vWAT, mediated by a large decrease in the abundance of the catecholamine receptor (ADRB3). Together, these changes are important for preservation of the visceral lipid store during EODF. Enrichment analysis highlights downregulation of inflammatory collagen IV specifically in vWAT, allowing improved insulin sensitivity. This resource for adipose-depot-specific fasting adaptations in mice is available using a web-based interactive visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Harney
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Cielesh
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Renee Chu
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Stöckli
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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29
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Otto NA, Butler JM, Ramirez-Moral I, van Weeghel M, van Heijst JWJ, Scicluna BP, Houtkooper RH, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Adherence Affects Monocyte Innate Immune Function and Metabolic Reprogramming after Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation In Vitro. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:827-838. [PMID: 33408258 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating nonadherent monocytes can migrate to extravascular sites by a process that involves adherence. Alterations in intracellular metabolism shape the immunological phenotype of phagocytes upon activation. To determine the effect of adherence on their metabolic and functional response human monocytes were stimulated with LPS under nonadherent and adherent conditions. Adherent monocytes (relative to nonadherent monocytes) produced less TNF and IL-1β (proinflammatory) and more IL-10 (anti-inflammatory) upon LPS stimulation and had an increased capacity to phagocytose and produce reactive oxygen species. RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that adherence modified the LPS-induced response of monocytes, reducing expression of proinflammatory genes involved in TLR signaling and increasing induction of genes involved in pathogen elimination. Adherence resulted in an increased glycolytic response as indicated by lactate release, gene set enrichment, and [13C]-glucose flux analysis. To determine the role of glycolysis in LPS-induced immune responses, this pathway was inhibited by glucose deprivation or the glucose analogue 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG). Although both interventions equally inhibited glycolysis, only 2DG influenced monocyte functions, inhibiting expression of genes involved in TLR signaling and pathogen elimination, as well as cytokine release. 2DG, but not glucose deprivation, reduced expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation affected TNF and IL-10 release in a similar way as 2DG. Collectively, these data suggest that adherence may modify the metabolic and immunological profile of monocytes and that inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but not inhibition of glycolysis alone, has a profound effect on immune functions of monocytes exposed to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja A Otto
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; .,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Ramirez-Moral
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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30
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Lagarde D, Jeanson Y, Barreau C, Moro C, Peyriga L, Cahoreau E, Guissard C, Arnaud E, Galinier A, Bouzier-Sore AK, Pellerin L, Chouchani ET, Pénicaud L, Ader I, Portais JC, Casteilla L, Carrière A. Lactate fluxes mediated by the monocarboxylate transporter-1 are key determinants of the metabolic activity of beige adipocytes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100137. [PMID: 33268383 PMCID: PMC7949083 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of energy-dissipating brown/beige adipocytes represents an attractive therapeutic strategy against metabolic disorders. While lactate is known to induce beiging through the regulation of Ucp1 gene expression, the role of lactate transporters on beige adipocytes' ongoing metabolic activity remains poorly understood. To explore the function of the lactate-transporting monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), we used a combination of primary cell culture studies, 13C isotopic tracing, laser microdissection experiments, and in situ immunofluorescence of murine adipose fat pads. Dissecting white adipose tissue heterogeneity revealed that the MCT1 is expressed in inducible beige adipocytes as the emergence of uncoupling protein 1 after cold exposure was restricted to a subpopulation of MCT1-expressing adipocytes suggesting MCT1 as a marker of inducible beige adipocytes. We also observed that MCT1 mediates bidirectional and simultaneous inward and outward lactate fluxes, which were required for efficient utilization of glucose by beige adipocytes activated by the canonical β3-adrenergic signaling pathway. Finally, we demonstrated that significant lactate import through MCT1 occurs even when glucose is not limiting, which feeds the oxidative metabolism of beige adipocytes. These data highlight the key role of lactate fluxes in finely tuning the metabolic activity of beige adipocytes according to extracellular metabolic conditions and reinforce the emerging role of lactate metabolism in the control of energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Lagarde
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Jeanson
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Barreau
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cedric Moro
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Lindsay Peyriga
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute TBI - INSA de Toulouse INSA/CNRS 5504 - UMR INSA/INRA 7924, Toulouse, France; MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Edern Cahoreau
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute TBI - INSA de Toulouse INSA/CNRS 5504 - UMR INSA/INRA 7924, Toulouse, France; MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Guissard
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Arnaud
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Galinier
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Luc Pellerin
- INSERM U1082, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luc Pénicaud
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Ader
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Toulouse Biotechnology Institute TBI - INSA de Toulouse INSA/CNRS 5504 - UMR INSA/INRA 7924, Toulouse, France; MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Carrière
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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Zhang H, Xiao Y, Nederlof R, Bakker D, Zhang P, Girardin SE, Hollmann MW, Weber NC, Houten SM, van Weeghel M, Kibbey RG, Zuurbier CJ. NLRX1 Deletion Increases Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage and Activates Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Heart. Front Immunol 2020; 11:591815. [PMID: 33362773 PMCID: PMC7759503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.591815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NOD-like receptors (NLR) are intracellular sensors of the innate immune system, with the NLRP3 being a pro-inflammatory member that modulates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and metabolism. No information is available on a possible role of anti-inflammatory NLRs on IRI and metabolism in the intact heart. Here we hypothesize that the constitutively expressed, anti-inflammatory mitochondrial NLRX1, affects IRI and metabolism of the isolated mouse heart. Methods Isolated C57Bl/6J and NLRX1 knock-out (KO) mouse hearts were perfused with a physiological mixture of the essential substrates (lactate, glucose, pyruvate, fatty acid, glutamine) and insulin. For the IRI studies, hearts were subjected to either mild (20 min) or severe (35 min) ischemia and IRI was determined at 60 min reperfusion. Inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNFα) and survival pathways (mito-HKII, p-Akt, p-AMPK, p-STAT3) were analyzed at 5 min of reperfusion. For the metabolism studies, hearts were perfused for 35 min with either 5.5 mM 13C-glucose or 0.4 mM 13C-palmitate under normoxic conditions, followed by LC-MS analysis and integrated, stepwise, mass-isotopomeric flux analysis (MIMOSA). Results NLRX1 KO significantly increased IRI (infarct size from 63% to 73%, end-diastolic pressure from 59 mmHg to 75 mmHg, and rate-pressure-product recovery from 15% to 6%), following severe, but not mild, ischemia. The increased IRI in NLRX1 KO hearts was associated with depressed Akt signaling at early reperfusion; other survival pathways or inflammatory parameters were not affected. Metabolically, NLRX1 KO hearts displayed increased lactate production and glucose oxidation relative to fatty acid oxidation, associated with increased pyruvate dehydrogenase flux and 10% higher cardiac oxygen consumption. Conclusion Deletion of the mitochondrially-located NOD-like sensor NLRX1 exacerbates severe cardiac IR injury, possibly through impaired Akt signaling, and increases cardiac glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yang Xiao
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rianne Nederlof
- Institut für Herz-und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine Universität, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Diane Bakker
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Stephen E Girardin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nina C Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander M Houten
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard G Kibbey
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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32
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Zhang H, Uthman L, Bakker D, Sari S, Chen S, Hollmann MW, Coronel R, Weber NC, Houten SM, van Weeghel M, Zuurbier CJ. Empagliflozin Decreases Lactate Generation in an NHE-1 Dependent Fashion and Increases α-Ketoglutarate Synthesis From Palmitate in Type II Diabetic Mouse Hearts. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:592233. [PMID: 33344518 PMCID: PMC7746656 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.592233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Changes in cardiac metabolism and ion homeostasis precede and drive cardiac remodeling and heart failure development. We previously demonstrated that sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i's) have direct cardiac effects on ion homeostasis, possibly through inhibition of the cardiac sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE-1). Here, we hypothesize that Empagliflozin (EMPA) also possesses direct and acute cardiac effects on glucose and fatty acid metabolism of isolated type II diabetes mellitus (db/db) mouse hearts. In addition, we explore whether direct effects on glucose metabolism are nullified in the presence of an NHE-1 inhibitor. Methods: Langendorff-perfused type II diabetic db/db mouse hearts were examined in three different series: 1: 13C glucose perfusions (n = 32); 2: 13C palmitate perfusions (n = 13); and 3: 13C glucose + 10 μM Cariporide (specific NHE-1 inhibitor) perfusions (n = 17). Within each series, EMPA treated hearts (1 μM EMPA) were compared with vehicle-perfused hearts (0.02% DMSO). Afterwards, hearts were snap frozen and lysed for stable isotope analysis and metabolomics using LC-MS techniques. Hearts from series 1 were also analyzed for phosphorylation status of AKT, STAT3, AMPK, ERK, and eNOS (n = 8 per group). Results: Cardiac mechanical performance, oxygen consumption and protein phosphorylation were not altered by 35 min EMPA treatment. EMPA was without an overall acute and direct effect on glucose or fatty acid metabolism. However, EMPA did specifically decrease cardiac lactate labeling in the 13C glucose perfusions (13C labeling of lactate: 58 ± 2% vs. 50 ± 3%, for vehicle and EMPA, respectively; P = 0.02), without changes in other glucose metabolic pathways. In contrast, EMPA increased cardiac labeling in α-ketoglutarate derived from 13C palmitate perfusions (13C labeling of α-KG: 79 ± 1% vs. 86 ± 1% for vehicle and EMPA, respectively; P = 0.01). Inhibition of the NHE by Cariporide abolished EMPA effects on lactate labeling from 13C glucose. Conclusions: The present study shows for the first time that the SGLT2 inhibitor Empagliflozin has acute specific metabolic effects in isolated diabetic hearts, i.e., decreased lactate generation from labeled glucose and increased α-ketoglutarate synthesis from labeled palmitate. The decreased lactate generation by EMPA seems to be mediated through NHE-1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Laween Uthman
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Diane Bakker
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sahinda Sari
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sha Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruben Coronel
- Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nina C Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander M Houten
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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33
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Okamatsu-Ogura Y, Kuroda M, Tsutsumi R, Tsubota A, Saito M, Kimura K, Sakaue H. UCP1-dependent and UCP1-independent metabolic changes induced by acute cold exposure in brown adipose tissue of mice. Metabolism 2020; 113:154396. [PMID: 33065161 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a site of metabolic thermogenesis mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and represents a target for a therapeutic intervention in obesity. Cold exposure activates UCP1-mediated thermogenesis in BAT and causes drastic changes in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism; however, the relationship between these metabolic changes and UCP1-mediated thermogenesis is not fully understood. METHODS We conducted metabolomic and GeneChip array analyses of BAT after 4-h exposure to cold temperature (10 °C) in wild-type (WT) and UCP1-KO mice. RESULTS Cold exposure largely increased metabolites of the glycolysis pathway and lactic acid levels in WT, but not in UCP1-KO, mice, indicating that aerobic glycolysis is enhanced as a consequence of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis. GeneChip array analysis of BAT revealed that there were 2865 genes upregulated by cold exposure in WT mice, and 838 of these were upregulated and 74 were downregulated in UCP1-KO mice. Pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of genes involved in fatty acid (FA) β oxidation and triglyceride (TG) synthesis in both WT and UCP1-KO mice, suggesting that these metabolic pathways were enhanced by cold exposure independently of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis. FA and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways were enhanced only in UCP1-KO mice. Cold exposure also significantly increased the BAT content of proline, tryptophan, and phenylalanine amino acids in both WT and UCP1-KO mice. In WT mice, cold exposure significantly increased glutamine content and enhanced the expression of genes related to glutamine metabolism. Surprisingly, aspartate was almost completely depleted after cold exposure in UCP1-KO mice. Gene expression analysis suggested that aspartate was actively utilized after cold exposure both in WT and UCP1-KO mice, but it was replenished from intracellular N-acetyl-aspartate in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that cold exposure induces UCP1-mediated thermogenesis-dependent glucose utilization and UCP1-independent active lipid metabolism in BAT. In addition, cold exposure largely affects amino acid metabolism in BAT, especially UCP1-dependently enhances glutamine utilization. These results contribute a comprehensive understanding of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis-dependent and thermogenesis-independent metabolism in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Masashi Kuroda
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ayumi Tsubota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saito
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaue
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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34
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Aging and Immunometabolic Adaptations to Thermogenesis. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101143. [PMID: 32810648 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brown and subcutaneous adipose tissues play a key role in non-shivering thermogenesis both in mice and human, and their activation by adrenergic stimuli promotes energy expenditure, reduces adiposity, and protects against age-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance characterize T2D. Even though the decline of thermogenic adipose tissues is well-established during ageing, the mechanisms by which this event affects immune system and contributes to the development of T2D is still poorly defined. It is emerging that activation of thermogenic adipose tissues promotes type 2 immunity skewing, limiting type 1 inflammation. Of note, metabolic substrates sustaining type 1 inflammation (e.g. glucose and succinate) are also used by activated adipocytes to promote thermogenesis. Keeping in mind this aspect, a nutrient competition between adipocytes and adipose tissue immune cell infiltrates could be envisaged. Herein, we reviewed the metabolic rewiring of adipocytes during thermogenesis in order to give important insight into the anti-inflammatory role of thermogenic adipose tissues and delineate how their decline during ageing may favor the setting of low-grade inflammatory states that predispose to type 2 diabetes in elderly. A brief description about the contribution of adipokines secreted by thermogenic adipocytes in modulation of immune cell activation is also provided. Finally, we have outlined experimental flow chart procedures and provided technical advices to investigate the physiological processes leading to thermogenic adipose tissue impairment that are behind the immunometabolic decline during aging.
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35
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Wang Z, Ning T, Song A, Rutter J, Wang QA, Jiang L. Chronic cold exposure enhances glucose oxidation in brown adipose tissue. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50085. [PMID: 33043581 PMCID: PMC7645266 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cultured brown adipocytes can oxidize glucose in vitro, but it is still not fully clear whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) could completely oxidize glucose in vivo. Although positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) showed a high level of glucose uptake in the activated BAT, the non‐metabolizable 18F‐FDG cannot fully demonstrate intracellular glucose metabolism. Through in vivo [U‐13C]glucose tracing, here we show that chronic cold exposure dramatically activates glucose oxidation in BAT and the browning/beiging subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). Specifically, chronic cold exposure enhances glucose flux into the mitochondrial TCA cycle. Metabolic flux analysis models that β3‐adrenergic receptor (β3‐AR) agonist significantly enhances the flux of mitochondrial pyruvate uptake through mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) in the differentiated primary brown adipocytes. Furthermore, in vivo MPC inhibition blocks cold‐induced glucose oxidation and impairs body temperature maintenance in mice. Together, mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and oxidation serve an important energy source in the chronic cold exposure activated BAT and beige adipose tissue, which supports a role for glucose oxidation in brown fat thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tinglu Ning
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Anying Song
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jared Rutter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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36
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Jeon JH, Thoudam T, Choi EJ, Kim MJ, Harris RA, Lee IK. Loss of metabolic flexibility as a result of overexpression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases in muscle, liver and the immune system: Therapeutic targets in metabolic diseases. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 12:21-31. [PMID: 32628351 PMCID: PMC7779278 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Good health depends on the maintenance of metabolic flexibility, which in turn is dependent on the maintenance of regulatory flexibility of a large number of regulatory enzymes, but especially the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), because of its central role in carbohydrate metabolism. Flexibility in regulation of PDC is dependent on rapid changes in the phosphorylation state of PDC determined by the relative activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) and the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases. Inactivation of the PDC by overexpression of PDK4 contributes to hyperglycemia, and therefore the serious health problems associated with diabetes. Loss of regulatory flexibility of PDC occurs in other disease states and pathological conditions that have received less attention than diabetes. These include cancers, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer‐induced cachexia, diabetes‐induced nephropathy, sepsis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Overexpression of PDK4, and in some situations, the other PDKs, as well as under expression of the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases, leads to inactivation of the PDC, mitochondrial dysfunction and deleterious effects with health consequences. The possible basis for this phenomenon, along with evidence that overexpression of PDK4 results in phosphorylation of “off‐target” proteins and promotes excessive transport of Ca2+ into mitochondria through mitochondria‐associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes are discussed. Recent efforts to find small molecule PDK inhibitors with therapeutic potential are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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37
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Dynamic changes in DICER levels in adipose tissue control metabolic adaptations to exercise. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23932-23941. [PMID: 32900951 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011243117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DICER is a key enzyme in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Here we show that aerobic exercise training up-regulates DICER in adipose tissue of mice and humans. This can be mimicked by infusion of serum from exercised mice into sedentary mice and depends on AMPK-mediated signaling in both muscle and adipocytes. Adipocyte DICER is required for whole-body metabolic adaptations to aerobic exercise training, in part, by allowing controlled substrate utilization in adipose tissue, which, in turn, supports skeletal muscle function. Exercise training increases overall miRNA expression in adipose tissue, and up-regulation of miR-203-3p limits glycolysis in adipose under conditions of metabolic stress. We propose that exercise training-induced DICER-miR-203-3p up-regulation in adipocytes is a key adaptive response that coordinates signals from working muscle to promote whole-body metabolic adaptations.
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38
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Held NM, Wefers J, van Weeghel M, Daemen S, Hansen J, Vaz FM, van Moorsel D, Hesselink MKC, Houtkooper RH, Schrauwen P. Skeletal muscle in healthy humans exhibits a day-night rhythm in lipid metabolism. Mol Metab 2020; 37:100989. [PMID: 32272236 PMCID: PMC7217992 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human energy metabolism is under the regulation of the molecular circadian clock; we recently reported that mitochondrial respiration displays a day-night rhythm under study conditions that are similar to real life. Mitochondria are interconnected with lipid droplets, which are of importance in fuel utilization and play a role in muscle insulin sensitivity. Here, we investigated if skeletal muscle lipid content and composition also display day-night rhythmicity in healthy, lean volunteers. METHODS Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from 12 healthy lean male volunteers every 5 h over a 24 h period. Volunteers were provided with standardized meals, and biopsies were taken 4.5 h after each last meal. Lipid droplet size and number were investigated by confocal microscopy. Additionally, the muscle lipidome was assessed using UPLC/HRMS-based semi-targeted lipidomics. RESULTS Confocal microscopy revealed diurnal differences in intramyocellular lipid content (P < 0.05) and lipid droplet size in oxidative type 1 muscle fibers (P < 0.01). Lipidomics analysis revealed that 13% of all detected lipids displayed significant day-night rhythmicity. The most rhythmic lipid species were glycerophospholipids and diacylglycerols (DAG), with the latter being the largest fraction (>50% of all rhythmic species). DAG levels showed a day-night pattern with a trough at 1 PM and a peak at 4 AM. CONCLUSIONS Using two distinct methods, our findings show that myocellular lipid content and whole muscle lipid composition vary across the day-night cycle under normal living conditions. In particular, day-night rhythmicity was present in over half of the DAG lipid species. Future studies are needed to investigate whether rhythmicity in DAG is functionally related to insulin sensitivity and how this might be altered in prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntsiki M Held
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jakob Wefers
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Diabetes Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jan Hansen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk van Moorsel
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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39
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The emerging roles of lactate as a redox substrate and signaling molecule in adipose tissues. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 76:241-250. [PMID: 31898016 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00723-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermogenic (brown and beige) adipose tissues improve glucose and lipid homeostasis and therefore represent putative targets to cure obesity and related metabolic diseases including type II diabetes. Beside decades of research and the very well-described role of noradrenergic signaling, mechanisms underlying adipocytes plasticity and activation of thermogenic adipose tissues remain incompletely understood. Recent studies show that metabolites such as lactate control the oxidative capacity of thermogenic adipose tissues. Long time viewed as a metabolic waste product, lactate is now considered as an important metabolic substrate largely feeding the oxidative metabolism of many tissues, acting as a signaling molecule and as an inter-cellular and inter-tissular redox carrier. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent findings highlighting the importance of lactate in adipose tissues, from its production to its role as a browning inducer and its metabolic links with brown adipose tissue. We also discuss additional function(s) than thermogenesis ensured by brown and beige adipose tissues, i.e., their ability to dissipate high redox pressure and oxidative stress thanks to the activity of the uncoupling protein-1, helping to maintain tissue and whole organism redox homeostasis and integrity.
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40
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McNeill BT, Morton NM, Stimson RH. Substrate Utilization by Brown Adipose Tissue: What's Hot and What's Not? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:571659. [PMID: 33101206 PMCID: PMC7545119 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.571659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of brown adipose tissue (BAT) function in humans has increased rapidly over the past 10 years. This is predominantly due to the development of powerful non-invasive imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography that can quantify BAT mass and function using metabolic tracers. Activation of BAT during cold-induced thermogenesis is an effective way to dissipate energy to generate heat and requires utilization of multiple energy substrates for optimal function. This has led to interest in the activation of BAT as a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and obesity. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of BAT substrate utilization in humans and highlight additional mechanisms found in rodents, where BAT more prominently contributes to energy expenditure. During thermogenesis, BAT demonstrates substantially increased glucose uptake which appears to be critical for BAT function. However, glucose is not fully oxidized, with a large proportion converted to lactate. The primary energy substrate for thermogenesis is fatty acids, released from brown adipocyte triglyceride stores. Active BAT also sequesters circulating lipids to sustain optimal thermogenesis. Recent evidence reveals that metabolic intermediates from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolytic pathways also play a critical role in BAT function. Understanding the role of these metabolites in regulating thermogenesis and whole body substrate utilization may elucidate novel strategies for therapeutic BAT activation.
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41
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Kuipers EN, Held NM, In Het Panhuis W, Modder M, Ruppert PMM, Kersten S, Kooijman S, Guigas B, Houtkooper RH, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. A single day of high-fat diet feeding induces lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in brown adipose tissue in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E820-E830. [PMID: 31386566 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00123.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) catabolizes glucose and fatty acids to produce heat and thereby contributes to energy expenditure. Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) feeding results in so-called 'whitening' of BAT characterized by increased lipid deposition, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced fat oxidation. The aim of the current study was to unravel the rate and related mechanisms by which HFD induces BAT whitening and insulin resistance. Wild-type mice were fed a HFD for 0, 1, 3, or 7 days. Within 1 day of HFD, BAT weight and lipid content were increased. HFD also immediately reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by BAT, indicating rapid induction of insulin resistance. This was accompanied by a tendency toward a reduced uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids by BAT. Mitochondrial mass and Ucp1 expression were unaltered, whereas after 3 days of HFD, markers of mitochondrial dynamics suggested induction of a more fused mitochondrial network. Additionally, HFD also increased macrophage markers in BAT after 3 days of HFD. Counterintuitively, the switch to HFD was accompanied by an acute rise in core body temperature. We showed that a single day of HFD feeding is sufficient to induce the first signs of whitening and insulin resistance in BAT, which reduces the uptake of glucose and triglyceride-derived fatty acids. BAT whitening and insulin resistance are likely sustained by reduced mitochondrial oxidation due to changes in mitochondrial dynamics and macrophage infiltration, respectively. Likely, the switch to HFD swiftly induces thermogenesis in other metabolic organs, which allows attenuation of BAT thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline N Kuipers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ntsiki M Held
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wietse In Het Panhuis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Modder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philip M M Ruppert
- Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kersten
- Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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42
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Coolbaugh CL, Damon BM, Bush EC, Welch EB, Towse TF. Cold exposure induces dynamic, heterogeneous alterations in human brown adipose tissue lipid content. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13600. [PMID: 31537877 PMCID: PMC6753098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue undergoes a dynamic, heterogeneous response to cold exposure that can include the simultaneous synthesis, uptake, and oxidation of fatty acids. The purpose of this work was to quantify these changes in brown adipose tissue lipid content (fat-signal fraction (FSF)) using fat-water magnetic resonance imaging during individualized cooling to 3 °C above a participant's shiver threshold. Eight healthy men completed familiarization, perception-based cooling, and MRI-cooling visits. FSF maps of the supraclavicular region were acquired in thermoneutrality and during cooling (59.5 ± 6.5 min). Brown adipose tissue regions of interest were defined, and voxels were grouped into FSF decades (0-10%, 10-20%…90-100%) according to their initial value. Brown adipose tissue contained a heterogeneous morphology of lipid content. Voxels with initial FSF values of 60-100% (P < 0.05) exhibited a significant decrease in FSF while a simultaneous increase in FSF occurred in voxels with initial FSF values of 0-30% (P < 0.05). These data suggest that in healthy young men, cold exposure elicits a dynamic and heterogeneous response in brown adipose tissue, with areas initially rich with lipid undergoing net lipid loss and areas of low initial lipid undergoing a net lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L Coolbaugh
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruce M Damon
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Emily C Bush
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - E Brian Welch
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Theodore F Towse
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State, Allendale, MI, USA
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43
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Li Y, Lou W, Raja V, Denis S, Yu W, Schmidtke MW, Reynolds CA, Schlame M, Houtkooper RH, Greenberg ML. Cardiolipin-induced activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase links mitochondrial lipid biosynthesis to TCA cycle function. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11568-11578. [PMID: 31186346 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is the signature phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes. Although it has long been known that CL plays an important role in mitochondrial bioenergetics, recent evidence in the yeast model indicates that CL is also essential for intermediary metabolism. To gain insight into the function of CL in energy metabolism in mammalian cells, here we analyzed the metabolic flux of [U-13C]glucose in a mouse C2C12 myoblast cell line, TAZ-KO, which is CL-deficient because of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the CL-remodeling enzyme tafazzin (TAZ). TAZ-KO cells exhibited decreased flux of [U-13C]glucose to [13C]acetyl-CoA and M2 and M4 isotopomers of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. The activity of pyruvate carboxylase, the predominant enzyme for anaplerotic replenishing of the TCA cycle, was elevated in TAZ-KO cells, which also exhibited increased sensitivity to the pyruvate carboxylase inhibitor phenylacetate. We attributed a decreased carbon flux from glucose to acetyl-CoA in the TAZ-KO cells to a ∼50% decrease in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, which was observed in both TAZ-KO cells and cardiac tissue from TAZ-KO mice. Protein-lipid overlay experiments revealed that PDH binds to CL, and supplementing digitonin-solubilized TAZ-KO mitochondria with CL restored PDH activity to WT levels. Mitochondria from TAZ-KO cells exhibited an increase in phosphorylated PDH, levels of which were reduced in the presence of supplemented CL. These findings indicate that CL is required for optimal PDH activation, generation of acetyl-CoA, and TCA cycle function, findings that link the key mitochondrial lipid CL to TCA cycle function and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Wenjia Lou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Vaishnavi Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Michael W Schmidtke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Christian A Reynolds
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
| | - Michael Schlame
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, New York.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, New York
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan 48202
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Hori S, Hiramuki Y, Nishimura D, Sato F, Sehara-Fujisawa A. PDH‐mediated metabolic flow is critical for skeletal muscle stem cell differentiation and myotube formation during regeneration in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:8094-8109. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802479r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Hori
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yosuke Hiramuki
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington USA
| | - Daigo Nishimura
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Department of Growth RegulationInstitute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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45
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Hankir MK, Klingenspor M. Brown adipocyte glucose metabolism: a heated subject. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201846404. [PMID: 30135070 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy expending and glucose sink properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT) make it an attractive target for new obesity and diabetes treatments. Despite decades of research, only recently have mechanistic studies started to provide a more complete and consistent picture of how activated brown adipocytes handle glucose. Here, we discuss the importance of intracellular glycolysis, lactate production, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and beta-oxidation for BAT thermogenesis in response to natural (temperature) and artificial (pharmacological and optogenetic) forms of sympathetic nervous system stimulation. It is now clear that together, these metabolic processes in series and in parallel flexibly power ATP-dependent and independent futile cycles in brown adipocytes to impact on whole-body thermal, energy, and glucose balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K Hankir
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany .,German Research Foundation Collaborative Research Center in Obesity Mechanisms 1052, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany .,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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