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Karnaneedi S, Johnston EB, Bose U, Juhász A, Broadbent JA, Ruethers T, Jerry EM, Kamath SD, Limviphuvadh V, Stockwell S, Byrne K, Clarke D, Colgrave ML, Maurer-Stroh S, Lopata AL. The Allergen Profile of Two Edible Insect Species-Acheta domesticus and Hermetia illucens. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300811. [PMID: 39022859 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Edible insect proteins are increasingly introduced as an alternative sustainable food source to address the world's need to feed the growing population. Tropomyosin is the main insect allergen; however, additional potential allergens are not well characterized and the impact of extraction procedures on immunological reactivity is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Proteins from different commercial food products derived from cricket (Acheta domesticus) and black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) are extracted using five different extraction buffers. The proteins are analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using allergen-specific antibodies and crustacean allergic patient sera. IgE binding bands are analyzed by mass spectrometry as well as the complete allergen profile of all 30 extracts. Urea-based buffers are most efficient in extracting insect allergens. Shrimp-specific antibody cross-reactivity to tropomyosin from cricket and BSF indicates high sequence and structural similarity between shrimp and insects. Additional unique allergens are identified in both species, including hemocyanin, vitellogenin, HSP20, apolipophorin-III, and chitin-binding protein. CONCLUSIONS Identifying potential allergenic proteins and their isoforms in cricket and BSF requires specific extraction approaches using urea-based methods. While tropomyosin is the most abundant and immunoreactive allergen, seven unique allergens are identified, highlighting the need for insect species-specific allergen detection in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaviswanathan Karnaneedi
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Elecia B Johnston
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Utpal Bose
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - Angéla Juhász
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - James A Broadbent
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Thimo Ruethers
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University Singapore, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore, 387380, Singapore
| | - Emily M Jerry
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Sandip D Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Vachiranee Limviphuvadh
- Biomolecular Function Discovery Division, Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- IFCS Programme, Singapore Institute for Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Sally Stockwell
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Keren Byrne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Dean Clarke
- National Measurement Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3207, Australia
| | - Michelle L Colgrave
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
- Biomolecular Function Discovery Division, Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- IFCS Programme, Singapore Institute for Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138669, Singapore
- YLL School of Medicine and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Andreas L Lopata
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University Singapore, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore, 387380, Singapore
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2
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Lampová B, Doskočil I, Šmíd P, Kouřimská L. Comparison of Cricket Protein Powder and Whey Protein Digestibility. Molecules 2024; 29:3598. [PMID: 39125003 PMCID: PMC11313836 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With the global population projected to reach nine billion by 2050, the search for alternative protein sources has become critical. This study evaluated the digestibility of cricket protein powder compared with that of whey protein powder. Cricket protein powder had a slightly lower protein content but higher fat content than whey protein powder. Although both contained all essential amino acids, their quantities varied. The most abundant essential amino acid was leucine in both samples. The essential amino acid index (EAAI) for cricket protein powder reached 79% when utilising crude protein for calculation. When using the amino acid sum calculation method, it increased by nearly 13%. The EAAI for whey protein was then 94% when calculated based on crude protein, with a slight increase observed when using the amino acid sum calculation method. Cricket protein exhibited a gradual increase in digestibility during intestinal digestion, reaching nearly 80%, whereas whey protein digestibility surpassed 97%. Despite the lower digestibility of cricket protein compared with whey protein, it remains sufficiently high for consideration as a valuable protein source. This study highlights the potential of cricket proteins and underscores the importance of assessing their protein content and digestibility in evaluating their nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Lampová
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (L.K.)
| | - Ivo Doskočil
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (L.K.)
| | - Petr Šmíd
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Lenka Kouřimská
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (L.K.)
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3
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Ruszkowska M, Tańska M, Miedzianka J, Kowalczewski PŁ. Field Cricket ( Gryllus bimaculatus) and Spirulina ( Arthrospira platensis) Powders as Environmentally Friendly Protein Enrichment Ingredients in Corn Snacks. Foods 2024; 13:2390. [PMID: 39123581 PMCID: PMC11311995 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Unconventional protein sources are currently extensively studied as food ingredients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 1.5% and 3% field cricket powder (GB) and 2-8% of its mixture (1:1) with spirulina powder (S) on the nutritional value, physicochemical properties, and sensory characteristics of corn extrudates. Additionally, 2% baking powder (BP) was added to assess its impact on the properties of the enriched extrudates. The results showed that both GB and GB + S improved nutritional value, with protein content increasing by up to 46% and higher levels of essential amino acids, particularly leucine and valine. However, these ingredients decreased the expansion ratio (by up to 15%), colour lightness (by up to 30%), and yellowness (by up to 47%) and increased the hardness (by up to 25%) of the corn extrudates. The S addition positively influenced product storage stability but decreased its sensory acceptance, especially aroma and taste. The BP addition mitigated the negative effects of higher GB and GB + S concentrations, particularly on sensory characteristics. In conclusion, incorporating up to 6% of the GB + S mixture provides a higher protein content with only minor changes to the product's characteristics compared to GB. Ratings exceeding 4.2 points indicate the good acceptability of these snacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millena Ruszkowska
- Department of Quality Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tańska
- Department of Food Plant Chemistry and Processing, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Joanna Miedzianka
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
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Knežić T, Avramov M, Tatić V, Petrović M, Gadjanski I, Popović ŽD. Insects as a Prospective Source of Biologically Active Molecules and Pharmaceuticals-Biochemical Properties and Cell Toxicity of Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio Cell-Free Larval Hemolymph. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7491. [PMID: 39000598 PMCID: PMC11242118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Insects are of great interest as novel sources of alternative proteins and biologically active compounds, primarily anticancer agents. Protein-rich insect larval hemolymph is a prospective candidate for pharmaceutical and food industry-related research. In this study, selected biochemical properties and cell toxicity of larval hemolymph from two mealworm species, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio, were analyzed. Total proteins and carbohydrates, antioxidant capacity, and the level of lipid peroxidation were determined. Human cancer (U-87) and normometabolic (MRC-5) cells were treated with different concentrations of larval hemolymph proteins, and the effects on cell viability were assayed 24, 48, and 72 h after treatments. Z. morio hemolymph was shown to be richer in total proteins, showing a higher antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation level than T. molitor hemolymph, which was richer in total carbohydrates. Cytotoxicity assays showed that T. molitor and Z. morio hemolymphs differently affect the viability of U-87 and MRC-5 cells in cell type-, dose-, and time-dependent manners. Hemolymph from both species was more cytotoxic to U-87 cells than to MRC-5 cells, which was particularly prominent after 48 h. Additionally, a more potent cytotoxic effect of Z. morio hemolymph was observed on both cell lines, likely due to its higher antioxidant capacity, compared to T. molitor hemolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Knežić
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Miloš Avramov
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.A.); (V.T.)
| | - Vanja Tatić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.A.); (V.T.)
| | - Miloš Petrović
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Gadjanski
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Željko D. Popović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.A.); (V.T.)
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Hassen H, Škvorová P, Pokhrel K, Kulma M, Piątkowska E, Kostogrys RB, Kouřimská L, Tarko T, Franczyk-Żarów M. Effect of Diets with the Addition of Edible Insects on the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in ApoE/LDLR -/- Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7256. [PMID: 39000363 PMCID: PMC11242574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Foods enriched with insects can potentially prevent several health disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, by reducing inflammation and improving antioxidant status. In this study, Tenebrio molitor and Gryllus assimilis were selected to determine the effect on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE/LDLR-/- mice. Animals were fed AIN-93G-based diets (control) with 10% Tenebrio molitor (TM) and 10% Gryllus assimilis (GA) for 8 weeks. The nutritional value as well as antioxidant activity of selected insects were determined. The lipid profile, liver enzyme activity, and the fatty acid composition of liver and adipose tissue of model mice were evaluated. Quantitative analysis of atherosclerotic lesions in the entire aorta was performed using the en face method, and for aortic roots, the cross-section method was used. The antioxidant status of the GA cricket was significantly higher compared to the TM larvae. The results showed that the area of atherosclerosis (en face method) was not significantly different between groups. Dietary GA reduced plaque formation in the aortic root; additionally, significant differences were observed in sections at 200 and 300 µm compared to other groups. Furthermore, liver enzyme ALT activity was lower in insect-fed groups compared to the control group. The finding suggests that a diet containing edible insect GA potentially prevents atherosclerotic plaque development in the aortic root, due to its high antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Hassen
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, A. Mickiewicz Av. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland; (H.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.K.)
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar P.O. Box 26, Ethiopia
| | - Petra Škvorová
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (P.Š.); (K.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Kshitiz Pokhrel
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (P.Š.); (K.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Martin Kulma
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Ewa Piątkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, A. Mickiewicz Av. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland; (H.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.K.)
| | - Renata B. Kostogrys
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, A. Mickiewicz Av. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland; (H.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.K.)
| | - Lenka Kouřimská
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (P.Š.); (K.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Tomasz Tarko
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, A. Mickiewicz Av. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Franczyk-Żarów
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, A. Mickiewicz Av. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland; (H.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.K.)
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6
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Kibet S, Mudalungu CM, Ochieng BO, Mokaya HO, Kimani NM, Tanga CM. Nutritional composition of edible wood borer beetle larvae in Kenya. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304944. [PMID: 38843212 PMCID: PMC11156320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploration of edible insects as sustainable alternative nutrient-dense sources such as nutraceuticals have attracted more and more global attention recently. However, research on wood borer beetles have largely been overlooked. This study assessed the entomo-chemical properties of Titoceres jaspideus (Cerambycidae) and Passalus punctiger (Passalidae), which are widely consumed in many African countries, including Kenya. The crude protein content of the beetle larvae ranged between 27.5-39.8 mg BSA/g. In comparison with those of cereals, amino acids such as lysine (7.9-9.9 mg/g), methionine (0.48-0.64 mg/g) and threonine (2.31-2.55 mg/g) were considerably high in the larvae. Methyl-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoate and methyl-9Z-octadecenoate were the predominant polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, respectively. High total phenols (>4.4 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (>3.6 mg QE/g) and anti-oxidative activities (>67%) were recorded for both larvae. This implies that increasing the consumption of wood-borer beetle larvae would positively impact the state of the natural environment and reduce the problem of malnutrition in the society. Thus, applying these strategies to develop insect food in a more familiar form can help to make insect-enriched foods more appealing to consumers, facilitating their widespread adoption as a sustainable and nutritious food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadrack Kibet
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Cynthia M. Mudalungu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, The Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Brian O. Ochieng
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hosea O. Mokaya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Njogu M. Kimani
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Chrysantus M. Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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Mazurek A, Palka A, Kowalski S, Skotnicka M. Acceptance of Muffins (Sweet and Savory) with the Addition of T. molitor, A. diaperinus, A. domesticus, R. differens, Considering Psychological Factors (Food Neophobia Scale, Consumer Attitude). Foods 2024; 13:1735. [PMID: 38890963 PMCID: PMC11171916 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the acceptance of muffins containing a 15% addition of powder from four edible insect species (Alphitobius diaperinus, Tenebrio molitor, Acheta domesticus, Ruspolia differens) in both savory and sweet versions, focusing on the psychological factors influencing their consumption. The study involved 106 adult consumers. Initially, the level of food neophobia (FNS) among participants was determined. Over 80% displayed low to medium levels of neophobia. Similar results were obtained when assessing attitudes towards insects, with most participants showing positive and ambivalent attitudes. Based on these findings, the acceptance of insect-based muffins was evaluated. The level of acceptance of insects varied and depended mainly on taste, smell, and texture. Participants with lower levels of neophobia and positive attitudes towards consuming insects generally rated the insect muffins higher compared to those with higher levels of neophobia and negative attitudes. The sweet versions of insect powder muffins were rated higher, which also indicates preferences and dietary habits. Products with grasshopper powder (GS, GCL) were rated the lowest for both taste versions. Conversely, products based on buffalo worms (BS, BCL) were seen as having the greatest potential for acceptance. Understanding consumer attitudes, neophobia, and levels of acceptance provides valuable insights for designing new insect-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mazurek
- Department of Commodity Science, Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Palka
- Department of Quality Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland;
| | - Stanisław Kowalski
- Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Skotnicka
- Department of Commodity Science, Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
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8
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Guiné RPF, Florença SG, Costa CA, Correia PMR, Boustani NM, Matran I, Jakšić K, Chuck-Hernández C, Bartkiene E, Djekic I, Papageorgiou M, Arias LG, Korzeniowska M, Černelič-Bizjak M, Klava D, Ferreira V, Damarli E, Ferreira M. Consumers' Perceptions about Edible Insects' Nutritional Value and Health Effects: Study Involving 14 Countries. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1631. [PMID: 38891678 PMCID: PMC11171305 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Insects have been consumed for time immemorial in many regions of the globe. However, in other parts, they are not traditionally eaten. Because they are a more sustainable source of animal protein and provide valuable nutrients as well as bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on the human body, their consumption is encouraged. Knowledge can serve as a tool for better acceptance of insects as food. In this context, the present work investigated the knowledge about the nutritional value and health effects of edible insects in different countries. Data were collected by employing a questionnaire survey translated into the different languages of all participating countries and were treated using statistical tools. A total of 7222 responses were obtained. The results indicated that for many issues, the participants manifested a neutral opinion (neither agree nor disagree), but the participants who manifested agreement/disagreement were generally well informed. They were also able to identify untrue facts and answer accordingly by disagreeing. Factor analysis showed four groups of questions: nutritive value, negative perception and risks, safety and benefits of insects and contamination and harmful components. Finally, significant differences were observed according to the sociodemographic variables studies (sex, age, education, living environment and country), with age and country being the most influential of the sociodemographic factors on knowledge. Therefore, increasing knowledge is envisaged as an essential factor in augmenting the recognition of edible insects as a nutritional food, presenting health benefits apart from being a more sustainable source of animal protein when compared with beef or pork meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P. F. Guiné
- CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal; (S.G.F.); (C.A.C.); (P.M.R.C.)
| | - Sofia G. Florença
- CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal; (S.G.F.); (C.A.C.); (P.M.R.C.)
| | - Cristina A. Costa
- CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal; (S.G.F.); (C.A.C.); (P.M.R.C.)
| | - Paula M. R. Correia
- CERNAS-IPV Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal; (S.G.F.); (C.A.C.); (P.M.R.C.)
| | - Nada M. Boustani
- Faculty of Business and Administration, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Irina Matran
- Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Krešimir Jakšić
- Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, 23000 Zadar, Croatia;
| | | | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Ilija Djekic
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Maria Papageorgiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Leticia G. Arias
- BALAT Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Malgorzata Korzeniowska
- Faculty of Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maša Černelič-Bizjak
- Department of Nutritional Counseling—Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Primorska, 6320 Izola, Slovenia;
| | - Dace Klava
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia;
| | - Vanessa Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, UFMG—Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil;
| | - Emel Damarli
- Altıparmak Food Coop Research & Development Center, Çekmeköy, Istanbul 34782, Turkey
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal;
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Rosas-Campos R, Sandoval-Rodríguez AS, Rodríguez-Sanabria JS, Vazquéz-Esqueda ÁO, Alfaro-Martinez CR, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, Vega-Magaña N, Peña-Rodríguez M, Zepeda-Nuño JS, Andrade-Marcial M, Campos-Uscanga Y, Jave-Suárez LF, Santos A, Cerda-Reyes E, Almeida-López M, Martínez-López E, Herrera LA, Armendariz-Borunda J. A Novel Foodstuff Mixture Improves the Gut-Liver Axis in MASLD Mice and the Gut Microbiota in Overweight/Obese Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:664. [PMID: 38929103 PMCID: PMC11200377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial community control is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of the gut-liver axis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we show that supplementation with a mixture of Mexican foodstuffs (MexMix)-Opuntia ficus indica (nopal), Theobroma cacao (cocoa) and Acheta domesticus (crickets)-enriches several beneficial taxa in MASLD mice and overweight/obese humans. Thus, MexMix induces an important prebiotic effect. In mice, a restoration of intestinal health was observed due to the increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal crypt depth, Ocln and Cldn1 expression, and decreased Il6 and Tnfa expression. MexMix significantly reduced steatosis in the mice's liver and modified the expression of 1668 genes. By PCR, we corroborated a Tnfa and Pparg decrease, and a Cat and Sod increase. In addition, MexMix increased the hepatic NRF2 nuclear translocation and miRNA-34a, miRNA-103, and miRNA-33 decline. In overweight/obese humans, MexMix improved the body image satisfaction and reduced the fat intake. These findings indicate that this new food formulation has potential as a therapeutic approach to treat conditions associated with excessive consumption of fats and sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Rosas-Campos
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
| | - Ana Soledad Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
| | - Jonathan Samael Rodríguez-Sanabria
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Mexico
| | - Ángel Omar Vazquéz-Esqueda
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
| | - Carlos Roberto Alfaro-Martinez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
| | - Rebeca Escutia-Gutiérrez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
| | - Natali Vega-Magaña
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Marcela Peña-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes (LaDEER), Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Patología, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Zapopan 45138, Mexico; (A.S.); (L.A.H.)
| | | | - Mónica Almeida-López
- Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Luis Alonso Herrera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Zapopan 45138, Mexico; (A.S.); (L.A.H.)
- Cancer Research Unit, National Institute of Cancerology-Institute of Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 70228, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.R.-C.); (A.S.S.-R.); (J.S.R.-S.); (Á.O.V.-E.); (C.R.A.-M.); (R.E.-G.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Zapopan 45138, Mexico; (A.S.); (L.A.H.)
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10
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Jones D, Celis-Morales C, Gray SR, Morrison DJ, Ozanne SE, Jain M, Mattin LR, Burden S. Effect of Sustainably Sourced Protein Consumption on Nutrient Intake and Gut Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1398. [PMID: 38732644 PMCID: PMC11085519 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is integral to the healthy ageing process and certain diets can mitigate prolonged and deleterious inflammation. This review aims to assess the impact of diets high in sustainably sourced proteins on nutrient intake, gut, and age-related health in older adults. A systematic search of the literature was conducted on 5 September 2023 across multiple databases and sources. Studies assessing sustainably sourced protein consumption in community dwelling older adults (≥65 years) were included. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using 'RoB 2.0' and 'ROBINS-E'. Narrative synthesis was performed due to heterogeneity of studies. Twelve studies involving 12,166 older adults were included. Nine studies (n = 10,391) assessed habitual dietary intake and had some RoB concerns, whilst three studies (n = 1812), two with low and one with high RoB, conducted plant-based dietary interventions. Increased adherence to sustainably sourced diets was associated with improved gut microbial factors (n = 4640), healthier food group intake (n = 2142), and increased fibre and vegetable protein intake (n = 1078). Sustainably sourced diets positively impacted on gut microbiota and healthier intake of food groups, although effects on inflammatory outcomes and health status were inconclusive. Future research should focus on dietary interventions combining sustainable proteins and fibre to evaluate gut barrier function and consider inflammatory and body composition outcomes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Jones
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.C.-M.); (S.R.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Stuart R. Gray
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.C.-M.); (S.R.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Douglas J. Morrison
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK;
| | - Susan E. Ozanne
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Mahek Jain
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (C.C.-M.); (S.R.G.); (M.J.)
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK;
| | - Lewis R. Mattin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Sorrel Burden
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Salford Care Organisation, Northern Care Alliance NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
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11
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Segú H, Jalševac F, Sierra-Cruz M, Feliu F, Movassat J, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Terra X, Pinent M, Ardévol A, Blay MT. Assessing the impact of insect protein sources on intestinal health and disease: insights from human ex vivo and rat in vivo models. Food Funct 2024; 15:4552-4563. [PMID: 38584501 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00381k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of edible insects, specifically Alphitobius diaperinus and Tenebrio molitor, as sustainable sources of protein for human consumption is an emerging field. However, research into their effects on intestinal health, especially in relation to inflammation and permeability, remains limited. Using ex vivo and in vivo models of intestinal health and disease, in this study we assess the impact of the above insects on intestinal function by focusing on inflammation, barrier dysfunction and morphological changes. Initially, human intestinal explants were exposed to in vitro-digested extracts of these insects, almond and beef. Immune secretome analysis showed that the inflammatory response to insect-treated samples was comparatively lower than it was for samples exposed to almond and beef. Animal studies using yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and buffalo (Alphitobius diaperinus) flours were then used to evaluate their safety in healthy rats and LPS-induced intestinal dysfunction rats. Chronic administration of these insect-derived flours showed no adverse effects on behavior, metabolism, intestinal morphology or immune response (such as inflammation or allergy markers) in healthy Wistar rats. Notably, in rats subjected to proinflammatory LPS-induced intestinal dysfunction, T. molitor consumption did not exacerbate symptoms, nor did it increase allergic responses. These findings validate the safety of these edible insects under healthy conditions, demonstrate their innocuity in a model of intestinal dysfunction, and underscore their promise as sustainable and nutritionally valuable dietary protein sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Segú
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Florijan Jalševac
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Marta Sierra-Cruz
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Francesc Feliu
- Servei de Gastroenterologia, Institut Sanitari Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Esther Rodríguez-Gallego
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Ximena Terra
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Pinent
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Anna Ardévol
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - M Teresa Blay
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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12
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Mikulec AT, Platta AM, Radzymińska M, Ruszkowska M, Mikulec K, Suwała G, Kowalski S, Kowalczewski PŁ, Nowicki M. Attitudes and purchase intentions of polish university students towards food made from insects-A modelling approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300871. [PMID: 38551941 PMCID: PMC10980220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The marketing of insect-derived protein has led to the development of respective legal regulations on such insects-based foods in the European Union. Despite the interest in the area of insect-based food, European researchers have paid relatively little attention to consumer attitudes and behaviors towards such products or the factors that may affect them. Attempts undertaken so far in this respect are insufficient; therefore, there is a need to continue and expand research in this field. The present study attempts to verify the following research hypotheses: H1. Attitudes towards food containing insects are related to the attributes/characteristics of these products, care for health and the natural environment, and attitudes towards novelty (neophilic/neophobic); H2. Intentions to purchase food containing insects can be predicted based on attitudes towards food from insects, product attributes, and attitudes towards environmental health and novelties. An empirical study was conducted among university students (N = 1063) by an indirect interview method using a specially designed questionnaire, via an online platform (Computer-Assisted Web Interview, CAWI) in November 2023. The questionnaire was validated by assessing the construction validity and estimating the reliability of the scales used. The study results demonstrated that the attributes of insect-based food products can influence the positive attitudes towards them and behavioral intentions to consume them, and that the strength of the impact of health quality traits is far greater than that of the organoleptic or functional traits. A negative, statistically significant value of the correlation coefficient between neophobic attitude and intention to purchase this type of food was observed. Thus, respondents without food neophobia were characterized by a positive attitude towards the purchase of foods containing edible insects in their composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T. Mikulec
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University of Applied Science in Nowy Sącz, Nowy Sącz, Poland
| | - Anna M. Platta
- Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Monika Radzymińska
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, Institute of Management Science and Quality, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Millena Ruszkowska
- Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Suwała
- Department of Food Product Quality, Krakow University of Economics, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stanisław Kowalski
- Faculty of Food Technology, Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, University of Agriculture in Krakow Poland, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Nowicki
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
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13
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Rivero-Pino F, Gonzalez-de la Rosa T, Montserrat-de la Paz S. Edible insects as a source of biopeptides and their role in immunonutrition. Food Funct 2024; 15:2789-2798. [PMID: 38441670 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Many edible insect species are attracting the attention of the food industry and consumers in Western societies due to their high content and quality of protein, and consequently, the potential to be used as a more environmentally friendly dietary source could be beneficial for humans. On the other hand, prevention of inflammatory diseases using nutritional interventions is currently being proposed as a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to improve people's health. In this regard, finding bioactive compounds such as peptides with anti-inflammatory properties from sustainable sources (e.g., edible insects) is one area of particular interest, which might have a relevant role in immunonutrition. This review aims to summarize the recent literature on the discovery of immunomodulatory peptides through in vitro studies from edible insects, as well as to describe cell-based assays aiming to prove their bioactivity. On top of that, in vivo studies (i.e., animal and human), although scarce, have been mentioned in relation to the topic. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives related to edible-insect peptides and their role in immunonutrition are discussed. The amount of literature aiming to demonstrate the potential immunomodulatory activity of edible-insect peptides is scarce but promising. Different approaches have been employed, especially cell assays and animal studies employing insect meal as supplementation in the diet. Insects such as Tenebrio molitor or Gryllodes sigillatus are some of the most studied and have demonstrated to contain bioactive peptides. Further investigations, mostly with humans, are needed in order to clearly state that peptides from edible insects may contribute to the modulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rivero-Pino
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009, Seville, Spain.
| | - Teresa Gonzalez-de la Rosa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009, Seville, Spain.
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009, Seville, Spain.
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14
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Tanga CM, Ekesi S. Dietary and Therapeutic Benefits of Edible Insects: A Global Perspective. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:303-331. [PMID: 37758222 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020123-013621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Edible insects are gaining traction worldwide for research and development. This review synthesizes a large and well-established body of research literature on the high nutritional value and variety of pharmacological properties of edible insects. Positive benefits of insect-derived products include immune enhancement; gastrointestinal protection; antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capacities; antibacterial activities; blood lipid and glucose regulation; lowering of blood pressure; and decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of these active components of edible insects in humans have received limited research attention. In addition, we discuss health risks (safety); application prospects; regulations and policies governing their production and consumption with a view to promote innovations, intraglobal trade, and economic development; and suggestions for future directions for further pharmacological functional studies. The aim is to review the current state of knowledge and research trends on edible insects as functional ingredients beneficial to the nutrition and health of humans and animals (livestock, aquatic species, and pets).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya; ,
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya; ,
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15
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Dridi C, Millette M, Salmieri S, Aguilar Uscanga BR, Lacroix S, Venneri T, Sarmast E, Allahdad Z, Di Marzo V, Silvestri C, Lacroix M. Effect of a Probiotic Beverage Enriched with Cricket Proteins on the Gut Microbiota: Composition of Gut and Correlation with Nutritional Parameters. Foods 2024; 13:204. [PMID: 38254505 PMCID: PMC10814958 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The health and balance of the gut microbiota are known to be linked to diet composition and source, with fermented products and dietary proteins potentially providing an exceptional advantage for the gut. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of protein hydrolysis, using a probiotic beverage enriched with either cricket protein (CP) or cricket protein hydrolysates (CP.Hs), on the composition of the gut microbiota of rats. Taxonomic characterization of the gut microbiota in fecal samples was carried out after a 14-day nutritional study to identify modifications induced by a CP- and CP.H-enriched fermented probiotic product. The results showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota among the groups fed with casein (positive control), CP-enriched, and fermented CP.H-enriched probiotic beverages; however, the overall composition of the microbiota was altered, with significant modifications in the relative abundance of several bacterial families and genera. In addition, fermented CP.H-enriched probiotic beverages could be related to the decrease in the number of potential pathogens such as Enterococcaceae. The association of gut microbiota with the nutritional parameters was determined and the results showed that digestibility and the protein efficiency ratio (PER) were highly associated with the abundance of several taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaima Dridi
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mathieu Millette
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Bio-K+, a Kerry Company, Preclinical Research Division, Laval, QC H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Stephane Salmieri
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Blanca R. Aguilar Uscanga
- Research Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico;
| | - Sebastien Lacroix
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences (FSAA), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Tommaso Venneri
- Joint International Research Unit on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiomeand Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elham Sarmast
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Zahra Allahdad
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Joint International Research Unit on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiomeand Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences (FSAA), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Nutrition, Health and Society (NUTRISS) Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Monique Lacroix
- Research Laboratories in Sciences, Applied to Food (RESALA), Canadian Irradiation Centre (CIC), INRS Armand-Frappier Health Biotechnology Research Centre, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada (M.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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16
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Modica BP, Koutsos EA. Insectivore Nutrition - A Review of Current Knowledge. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2024; 27:47-69. [PMID: 37625941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Insectivores are represented in virtually all taxa, although more is known about mammalian and avian insectivore nutrition than for reptiles, amphibia and fish. Establishing nutrient requirements is challenging but recommendations should be based on data from similar taxa, similar GI tract physiology, and known nutritional concerns. In order to provide an appropriate diet for insectivores, consideration must be given to anatomy and method for procuring insects in free-ranging habitats, availability of feeder insects and the resulting dietary nutrient profiles, and complementing those profiles with appropriate diet items from various other categories including formulated feed, produce, animal matter, seeds or grains etc. Consideration of known nutritional concerns for a given species, and the variation in energy requirements in a captively managed situation are essential.
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17
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Kang Y, Oba PM, Gaulke CA, Sánchez-Sánchez L, Swanson KS. Dietary Inclusion of Yellow Mealworms (T. molitor) and Lesser Mealworms (A. diaperinus) Modifies Intestinal Microbiota Populations of Diet-Induced Obesity Mice. J Nutr 2023; 153:3220-3236. [PMID: 37714334 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect-based proteins are high-quality alternatives to support the shift toward more sustainable and healthy diets. Additionally, insects contain chitin and have unique fatty acid profiles. Studies have shown that mealworms may beneficially affect metabolism, but limited information is known regarding their effects on gut microbiota. OBJECTIVES We determined the effects of defatted yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and whole lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) meals on the intestinal microbiota of diet-induced obesity mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 46% kcal) to induce obesity. Obese mice were then randomly assigned to treatments (n = 10/group) and fed for 8 wk: HFD, HFD with casein protein; B50, HFD with 50% protein from whole lesser mealworm; B100, HFD with 100% protein from whole lesser mealworm; Y50, HFD with 50% protein from defatted yellow mealworm; Y100, HFD with 100% protein from defatted yellow mealworm. Lean mice (n = 10) fed a low-fat-diet (10% kcal) were included. Fresh feces were collected at baseline and every 2 wk, with cecal digesta collected at kill. Fecal and cecal DNA was analyzed for microbiota using 16S rRNA MiSeq Illumina sequencing. RESULTS In feces and cecal digesta, mice fed mealworms had greater (P < 0.05) bacterial alpha diversity, with changes occurring in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Beta diversity analyses of cecal samples showed a clear separation of treatments, with a time-based separation shown in fecal samples. Widespread microbial differences were observed, with over 45 genera altered (P < 0.05) by diet in cecal digesta. In feces, over 50 genera and 40 genera were altered (P < 0.05) by diet and time, respectively. CONCLUSION Mealworm consumption changes the intestinal microbiota of obese mice, increasing alpha diversity measures and shifting bacterial taxa. More investigation is required to determine what mealworm components are responsible and how they may be linked with the metabolic benefits observed in mealworm-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Kang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Patricia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Christopher A Gaulke
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | | | - Kelly S Swanson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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18
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Liu R, Sun B. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Aging: Unraveling the Interplay for Healthy Longevity. Aging Dis 2023; 15:AD.2023.0926. [PMID: 37962461 PMCID: PMC11272207 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are beneficial microorganisms widely utilized in food fermentation processes and as probiotic supplements. They offer multifarious health benefits, including enhancing digestion, strengthening immune mechanisms, and mitigating inflammation. Recent studies suggest that LAB might be instrumental in the anti-aging domain, modulating key molecular pathways involved in the aging continuum, such as IL-13, TNF-α, mTOR, IFN-γ, TGF-β, AMPK, and GABA. The TLR family, particularly TLR2, appears pivotal during the primary cellular interactions with bacteria and their byproducts. Concurrently, the Sirtuin family, predominantly Sirtuin-1, plays diverse roles upon cellular stimuli by bacterial components. The potential anti-aging benefits postulated include restoring gut balance, enhancing antioxidant potential, and fortifying cognitive and mental faculties. However, the current body of evidence is still embryonic and calls for expansive human trials and deeper mechanistic analyses. The safety and optimal consumption metrics for LAB also warrant rigorous evaluation. Future research trajectories should identify specific LAB strains with potent anti-aging properties and unravel the underlying biological pathways. Given the promising implications, LAB strains stand as potential dietary contenders to foster healthy aging and enrich the quality of life among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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19
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Lee SY, Lee DY, Jeong JW, Kim JH, Yun SH, Mariano E, Lee J, Park S, Jo C, Hur SJ. Current technologies, regulation, and future perspective of animal product analogs - A review. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1465-1487. [PMID: 37170512 PMCID: PMC10475384 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recent development of meat analog, industrialization, and the related legal changes worldwide. Summarizing the current status of the industrialization of meat analog, studies on plant-based meat, mycoprotein, and edible insects were mainly conducted to investigate their sensory properties (texture, taste, flavor, and color resembling meat), nutritional and safety evaluations, acquisition method of meat alternatives, and commercialization. Cultured meat is mainly studied for developing muscle satellite cell acquisition and support techniques or materials for the formation of structures. However, these technologies have not reached the level for active industrialization. Even though there are differences in the food categories and labeling between countries, it is common to cause confusion or to relay false information to consumers; therefore, it is important to provide accurate information. In this study, there were some differences in the food classification and food definition (labeling) contents for each country and state depending on the product shape or form, raw materials, and ingredients. Therefore, this study can provide information about the current research available on meat alternatives, improve regulation, and clarify laws related to the meat analog industry, which can potentially grow alongside the livestock industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yun Lee
- Division of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Da Young Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Jae Won Jeong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Yun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Ermie Mariano
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
| | - Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546,
Korea
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20
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Areerat S, Chundang P, Lekcharoensuk C, Patumcharoenpol P, Kovitvadhi A. Insect-based diets (house crickets and mulberry silkworm pupae): A comparison of their effects on canine gut microbiota. Vet World 2023; 16:1627-1635. [PMID: 37766696 PMCID: PMC10521172 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1627-1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The gut microbiome plays an important role in the overall health and well-being of dogs, influencing various physiological processes such as metabolism, nutrient absorption, and immune function. Edible insects are a sustainable and nutritious alternative protein source attracting increasing attention as a potential component of animal feeds, including pet food. However, little is known about the effects of insect-based diets on the gut microbiota of dogs. This study aimed to examine the fecal microbiota of dogs fed a diet that substituted common protein sources (poultry meal) with the house cricket (Acheta domesticus [AD]) or mulberry silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori pupae [BMp]) at different levels. Materials and Methods Fifteen healthy adult mixed-breed dogs were systemically randomized and assigned into each block under a completed randomized block design into the following five experimental dietary groups: control diet, 10% AD, 20% AD, 7% BMp, or 14% BMp for 29 days. The amounts fed to the dogs were based on the daily energy requirement. Fecal samples were collected on days 14 and 29 and analyzed for bacterial community structure using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing. Results At the phylum and genus levels, microbiota and their diversity were generally relatively similar among all treatments. The diets containing insects did not significantly alter the major phyla in the gut microbiome of dogs (p > 0.05). A few significant changes were found in the relative abundance of bacterial genera, with the levels of Allobaculum and Turicibacter being reduced in dogs fed a higher level of BMp. In contrast, only a decrease in Turicibacter was found in dogs fed the lower level of AD than the control diet (p < 0.05). Corynebacterium and Lactobacillus levels in the dogs fed 14% BMp were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings suggest that insect-based diets may slightly alter the gut microbiota of dogs. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which insect-based diets influence the gut microbiota of dogs and the long-term potential health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathita Areerat
- Graduate Student in Animal Health and Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pipatpong Chundang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk
- Department of Companion Animals Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Preecha Patumcharoenpol
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Attawit Kovitvadhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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21
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Cunha N, Andrade V, Ruivo P, Pinto P. Effects of Insect Consumption on Human Health: A Systematic Review of Human Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:3076. [PMID: 37513494 PMCID: PMC10386438 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Insects have been consumed as food in diverse cultures worldwide, gaining recognition as a sustainable and nutritious food source. This systematic review aims to update information on the impact of insect consumption on human health based on human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and allergenicity assessment studies. Following PRISMA guidelines, studies published in the last 10 years were analyzed. From one-thousand and sixty-three retrieved references, nine RCTs and five allergenicity studies were analyzed. Post-prandial amino acid levels increased after insect protein consumption. In comparison with other protein sources, insect protein showed no significant differences in the area under the curve (AUC) values for essential amino acids but tended to have lower peaks and peak later. In terms of muscle protein synthesis, there were no significant differences between insect protein and other protein sources. Glucose levels did not differ; however, insulin levels were lower after the consumption of insect-based products. The effects on inflammatory markers and microbiota composition were inconclusive and the studies did not show significant effects on appetite regulation. Allergenicity assessments revealed a sensitisation and cross-reactivity between insect allergens and known allergens. A partial reduction of cross-allergenicity was observed via thermal processing. Insect protein is an adequate protein source with promising health benefits; however, further research is needed to fully understand its potential and optimise its inclusion into the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nair Cunha
- Escola Superior Agraria, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarem/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Vanda Andrade
- Escola Superior Agraria, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarem/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Paula Ruivo
- Escola Superior Agraria, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarem/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Paula Pinto
- Escola Superior Agraria, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarem/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
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22
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Jawhara S. Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Improve the Gut Microbiota and Help Combat Fungal Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1556. [PMID: 37375058 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Western diets are rapidly spreading due to globalization, causing an increase in obesity and diseases of civilization. These Western diets are associated with changes in the gut microbiota related to intestinal inflammation. This review discusses the adverse effects of Western diets, which are high in fat and sugar and low in vegetable fiber, on the gut microbiota. This leads to gut dysbiosis and overgrowth of Candida albicans, which is a major cause of fungal infection worldwide. In addition to an unhealthy Western diet, other factors related to disease development and gut dysbiosis include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, prolonged use of antibiotics, and chronic psychological stress. This review suggests that a diversified diet containing vegetable fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins D and E, as well as micronutrients associated with probiotic or prebiotic supplements can improve the biodiversity of the microbiota, lead to short-chain fatty acid production, and reduce the abundance of fungal species in the gut. The review also discusses a variety of foods and plants that are effective against fungal overgrowth and gut dysbiosis in traditional medicine. Overall, healthy diets and lifestyle factors contribute to human well-being and increase the biodiversity of the gut microbiota, which positively modulates the brain and central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Jawhara
- UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-59000 Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1285, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Medicine Faculty, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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23
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Ge C, Liang X, Wu X, Wang J, Wang H, Qin Y, Xue M. Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor) enhances intestinal immunity in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) via the NFκB/survivin signaling pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108736. [PMID: 37054764 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor, YM) in intestinal immunity and health. Largemouth bass, as an enteritis modeling animal, were fed 3 diets containing YM at 0% (YM0), 24% (YM24) and 48% (YM48). The YM24 group had reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines, while the YM48 group experienced a negative impact on intestinal health. Next, the Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) challenge test consisted of 4 YM diets, 0% (EYM0), 12% (EYM12), 24% (EYM24), and 36% (EYM36). The EYM0 and EYM12 groups exhibited intestinal damage and immunosuppression by the pathogenic bacteria. However, the above adverse phenotypes were attenuated in the EYM24 and EYM36 groups. Mechanistically, the EYM24 and EYM36 groups enhanced intestinal immunity in largemouth bass via activating NFκBp65 and further upregulating survivin expression to inhibit apoptosis. The results identify a protective mechanism of YM as a novel food or feed source by improving intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Ge
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Liang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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24
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Park BM, Jung BG, Lee JA, Lee BJ. Mitigating Effects of Tenebrio molitor Larvae Powder Administration in Mice with Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)- Induced Colitis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:1751-1758. [PMID: 37247298 PMCID: PMC10495887 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.5.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects people worldwide. The causes of UC are diverse, and symptoms include diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, rectal bleeding, and bloody stools. Tenebrio molitor larvae have recently gained attention as edible insects with various physiological and medical effects. Research on the anti-inflammatory effects of ingesting Tenebrio molitor larvae powder (TMLP) is being actively conducted. In this study, TMLP was administered to mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis to investigate its effects in reducing colitis symptoms. METHODS Mice were initially given 3% DSS in water to induce colitis and then feed containing 0%, 2%, or 4% TMLP. Pathologic changes in colon tissues were assessed by histology, and neutrophil levels were measured by myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured using real-time PCR and ELISA assays, and IκB and NF-kB protein levels were measured by western blotting. RESULT Disease Activity Index (DAI) scores and MPO activity were reduced in TMLP-treated mice, and colon length increased as much as normal mice. Pathologic changes in the colon tissues of DSS-induced mice were attenuated, and the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α decreased. Concomitant decreases in the protein expression of IL-1β and IL-6 were confirmed using ELISA. Western blotting revealed that levels of phosphorylated forms of IκB and NF-κB also decreased. CONCLUSION These results show that feeding TMLP to DSS-induced mice inhibited the typical inflammatory pathway of colitis. Therefore, TMLP shows potential as a food additive that can help treat colitis. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Mi Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
| | - Bock Gie Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.
| | - Jin-A Lee
- Biology Department at Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Bong Joo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
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25
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Jiang XR, Dai YY, Wang YR, Guo K, Du Y, Gao JF, Lin LH, Li P, Li H, Ji X, Qu YF. Dietary and Sexual Correlates of Gut Microbiota in the Japanese Gecko, Gekko japonicus (Schlegel, 1836). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081365. [PMID: 37106928 PMCID: PMC10134999 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape the structure and composition of gut microbiota in a host. The disorder of the gut microbiota may trigger various host diseases. Here, we collected fecal samples from wild-caught Japanese geckos (Gekko japonicus) and captive conspecifics fed with mealworms (mealworm-fed geckos) and fruit flies (fly-fed geckos), aiming to examine the dietary and sexual correlates of the gut microbiota. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology to determine the composition of the gut microbiota. The dominant phyla with a mean relative abundance higher than 10% were Verrucomicrobiota, Bacteroidota, and Firmicutes. Gut microbial community richness and diversity were higher in mealworm-fed geckos than in wild geckos. Neither community evenness nor beta diversity of gut microbiota differed among wild, mealworm-fed, and fly-fed geckos. The beta rather than alpha diversity of gut microbiota was sex dependent. Based on the relative abundance of gut bacteria and their gene functions, we concluded that gut microbiota contributed more significantly to the host's metabolic and immune functions. A higher diversity of gut microbiota in mealworm-fed geckos could result from higher chitin content in insects of the order Coleoptera. This study not only provides basic information about the gut microbiota of G. japonicus but also shows that gut microbiota correlates with dietary habits and sex in the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ru Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying-Yu Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Rong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yu Du
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Herpetological Research, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gao
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Long-Hui Lin
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yan-Fu Qu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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26
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Stull VJ, Weir TL. Chitin and omega-3 fatty acids in edible insects have underexplored benefits for the gut microbiome and human health. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:283-287. [PMID: 37117549 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
A healthy gut microbiome is critical for nutrient metabolism, pathogen inhibition and immune regulation, and is highly influenced by diet. Edible insects are good sources of protein and micronutrients, but unlike other animal-derived foods, they also contain both dietary fibre and omega-3 fatty acids that can modulate gut microbiota. Here we explore the potential impacts of insect consumption on the microbiome. Laboratory, animal and human studies indicate that insect fibre in the form of chitin and its derivatives can modify gut microbiota with beneficial outcomes. Some insects also contain favourable omega-3/omega-6 ratios. We identify gaps in the literature-especially a dearth of human studies-that must be addressed to better understand health impacts of entomophagy. Insects, already eaten across the globe, can be farmed using fewer resources than conventional livestock. Widening the research scope offers an opportunity to advance use of edible insects to address interconnected environmental and health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Stull
- Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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27
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Dossey AT, Oppert B, Chu FC, Lorenzen MD, Scheffler B, Simpson S, Koren S, Johnston JS, Kataoka K, Ide K. Genome and Genetic Engineering of the House Cricket (Acheta domesticus): A Resource for Sustainable Agriculture. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040589. [PMID: 37189337 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The house cricket, Acheta domesticus, is one of the most farmed insects worldwide and the foundation of an emerging industry using insects as a sustainable food source. Edible insects present a promising alternative for protein production amid a plethora of reports on climate change and biodiversity loss largely driven by agriculture. As with other crops, genetic resources are needed to improve crickets for food and other applications. Methods: We present the first high quality annotated genome assembly of A. domesticus from long read data and scaffolded to chromosome level, providing information needed for genetic manipulation. Results: Gene groups related to immunity were annotated and will be useful for improving value to insect farmers. Metagenome scaffolds in the A. domesticus assembly, including Invertebrate Iridescent Virus 6 (IIV6), were submitted as host-associated sequences. We demonstrate both CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in and knock-out of A. domesticus and discuss implications for the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. RNAi was demonstrated to disrupt the function of the vermilion eye-color gene producing a useful white-eye biomarker phenotype. Conclusions: We are utilizing these data to develop technologies for downstream commercial applications, including more nutritious and disease-resistant crickets, as well as lines producing valuable bioproducts, such as vaccines and antibiotics.
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28
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Mohd Zaini NS, Lim EJ, Ahmad NH, Gengatharan A, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Abd Rahim MH. The Review of Cooking, Drying, and Green Extraction Methods on General Nutritional Properties of Mealworms and Locusts. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023; 16:1-15. [PMID: 36844636 PMCID: PMC9940687 DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The processing of edible insects as an alternative source of nutrition may be a key driver in the development of a sustainable food and feed system. This review will study two industrial types of insects-mealworms and locusts-and summarize evidence related to the impact of processing on their micro- and macronutritional characteristics. The focus will be on their potential use as food for human consumption as opposed to animal feed. Literature has indicated that these two insects have the potential to provide protein and fat qualities comparable to or better than traditional mammalian sources. For example, mealworms-the larval form of the yellow mealworm beetlepossess a higher fat content, while adult locusts are rich in fibers, especially chitin. However, due to the different matrix and nutrient compositions, the processing of mealworms or locusts at a commercial scale needs to be tailored to minimize nutritional loss and maximize cost efficiency. The stages of preprocessing, cooking, drying, and extraction are the most critical control points for nutritional preservation. Thermal cooking applications such as microwave technology have demonstrated promising results, but the generation of heat may contribute to a certain nutritional loss. In an industrial context, drying using freeze dry is the preferred choice due to its uniformity, but it can be costly while increasing lipid peroxidation. During the extraction of nutrients, the use of green emerging technologies such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field, and ultrasound may provide an alternative method to enhance nutrient preservation. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Solehah Mohd Zaini
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Elicia Jitming Lim
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nurul Hawa Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ashwini Gengatharan
- Faculty of Bioeconomics and Health Sciences, Geomatika University College, 54200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Yamazaki Y, Moriya S, Kawarai S, Morita H, Kikusui T, Iriki A. Effects of enhanced insect feeding on the faecal microbiota and transcriptome of a family of captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279380. [PMID: 36548292 PMCID: PMC9779035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Common marmosets have been widely used in biomedical research for years. Nutritional control is an important factor in managing their health, and insect intake would be beneficial for that purpose because common marmosets frequently feed on insects in natural habitats. Here, we examined the effect of enhanced insect feeding on the gut by analysing the faecal microbiota and transcripts of captive marmosets. A family consisting of six marmosets was divided into two groups. During the seven-day intervention period, one group (the insect feeding group, or Group IF) was fed one cricket and one giant mealworm per marmoset per day, while the other (the control group, or Group C) was not fed these insects. RNA was extracted from faecal samples to evaluate the ecology and transcripts of the microbiota, which were then compared among time points before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and two weeks after the intervention (Follow_up) using total RNA sequencing. The gut microbiota of marmosets showed Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria as dominant phyla. Linear discriminant analysis showed differential characteristics of microbiota with and without insect feeding treatment. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed increases and decreases in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, respectively, corresponding to the availability of insects under both Post and Follow_up conditions. Significant changes specific to insect feeding were also detected within the transcriptome, some of which were synchronized with the fluctuations in the microbiota, suggesting a functional correlation or interaction between the two. The rapid changes in the microbiota and transcripts may be achieved by the microbiota community originally developed in the wild through marmosets' feeding ecology. The results were informative for identifying the physiological impact of insect feeding to produce a better food regimen and for detecting transcripts that are currently unidentifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Yamazaki
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shigeharu Moriya
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Numazu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kawarai
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Morita
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takefumi Kikusui
- Companion Animal Research, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iriki
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Nutritional Composition, Health Benefits, and Application Value of Edible Insects: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11243961. [PMID: 36553703 PMCID: PMC9777846 DOI: 10.3390/foods11243961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, edible insects have been used as food to alleviate hunger and improve malnutrition. Some insects have also been used as medicines because of their therapeutic properties. This is not only due to the high nutritional value of edible insects, but more importantly, the active substances from edible insects have a variety of biofunctional activities. In this paper, we described and summarized the nutritional composition of edible insects and discussed the biological functions of edible insects and their potential benefits for human health. A summary analysis of the findings for each active function confirms that edible insects have the potential to develop functional foods and medicines that are beneficial to humans. In addition, we analyzed the issues that need to be considered in the application of edible insects and the current status of edible insects in food and pharmaceutical applications. We concluded with a discussion of regulations related to edible insects and an outlook on future research and applications of edible insects. By analyzing the current state of research on edible insects, we aim to raise awareness of the use of edible insects to improve human health and thus promote their better use and development.
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Rosas-Campos R, Meza-Rios A, Rodriguez-Sanabria JS, la Rosa-Bibiano RD, Corona-Cervantes K, García-Mena J, Santos A, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, Armendariz-Borunda J. Dietary supplementation with Mexican foods, Opuntia ficus indica, Theobroma cacao, and Acheta domesticus: Improving obesogenic and microbiota features in obese mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:987222. [PMID: 36532548 PMCID: PMC9755723 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.987222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An obesogenic diet, a diet high in saturated fats and sugars, is a risk factor for the development of multiple obesity-related diseases. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with a mixture of Mexican functional foods (MexMix), Opuntia ficus indica (nopal), Theobroma cacao, and Acheta domesticus (edible crickets), compared with a high-fat and fructose/sucrose diet on an obesogenic mice model. METHODS For this study, 18 male C57BL/6J mice were used, which were divided into three groups: (1) control group: normal diet (ND), (2) HF/FS group: high-fat diet along with 4.2% fructose/sucrose and water (ad libitum access), and (3) therapeutic group (MexMix): HF/FS diet up to week 8, followed by HF/FS diet supplemented with 10% nopal, 10% cocoa, and 10% cricket for 8 weeks. RESULTS MexMix mice showed significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, visceral fat, and epididymal fat compared with HF/FS mice. Levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin, glucose, GIP, leptin, PAI-1, and resistin were also significantly reduced. For identifying the gut microbiota in the model, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis was performed, and the results showed that MexMix supplementation increased the abundance of Lachnospira, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, and Blautia, bacteria involved in multiple beneficial metabolic effects. It is noteworthy that the mice supplemented with MexMix showed improvements in cognitive parameters, as evaluated by the novel object recognition test. CONCLUSION Hence, supplementation with MexMix food might represent a potential strategy for the treatment of obesity and other diseases associated with excessive intake of fats and sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Rosas-Campos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Meza-Rios
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J. Samael Rodriguez-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ricardo De la Rosa-Bibiano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, EMCS, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Ramos-Lopez O, Martinez-Urbistondo D, Vargas-Nuñez JA, Martinez JA. The Role of Nutrition on Meta-inflammation: Insights and Potential Targets in Communicable and Chronic Disease Management. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:305-335. [PMID: 36258149 PMCID: PMC9579631 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the onset and progression of communicable and chronic diseases. This review examined the effects and eventual mediation roles of different nutritional factors on inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Potential nutritional compounds influencing inflammation processes include macro and micronutrients, bioactive molecules (polyphenols), specific food components, and culinary ingredients as well as standardized dietary patterns, eating habits, and chrononutrition features. Therefore, research in this field is still required, taking into account critical aspects of heterogeneity including type of population, minimum and maximum intakes and adverse effects, cooking methods, physiopathological status, and times of intervention. Moreover, the integrative analysis of traditional variables (age, sex, metabolic profile, clinical history, body phenotype, habitual dietary intake, physical activity levels, and lifestyle) together with individualized issues (genetic background, epigenetic signatures, microbiota composition, gene expression profiles, and metabolomic fingerprints) may contribute to the knowledge and prescription of more personalized treatments aimed to improving the precision medical management of inflammation as well as the design of anti-inflammatory diets in chronic and communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Universidad 14418, UABC, Parque Internacional Industrial Tijuana, 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
| | | | - Juan A Vargas-Nuñez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Wieczorek M, Kowalczewski P, Drabińska N, Różańska M, Jeleń H. Effect of Cricket Powder Incorporation on the Profile of Volatile Organic Compounds, Free Amino Acids and Sensory Properties of Gluten-Free Bread. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/156404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Aguilar-Toalá JE, Cruz-Monterrosa RG, Liceaga AM. Beyond Human Nutrition of Edible Insects: Health Benefits and Safety Aspects. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13111007. [PMID: 36354831 PMCID: PMC9692588 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, edible insects are considered an outstanding source of nutrients, primarily because they contain high-quality protein, amino acids, and vitamins. Insects are considered a promising alternative protein source towards alleviating future global food shortage problems due to their production considered as being more sustainable by using less agricultural land and water, as well as releasing a smaller amount of greenhouse gas emissions. However, other important aspects to consider about the consumption of edible insects include their health benefits and some safety aspects, which has been relatively overlooked. In this sense, edible insects contain bioactive compounds that can provide diverse bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory with a positive impact on human health. On the other hand, edible insects are a nutrient-rich food that can provide a perfect growth medium for diverse microorganisms, as well as possess some anti-nutritive factors. These two main aspects could represent food safety concerns for consumers. In this context, recent scientific evidence indicates that preservation methods, mainly thermal treatments, utilized in the cooking or processing of edible insects decreased the microbial levels and anti-nutritive factors, which suggests that edible insects do not represent a critical biological risk to humans. Besides, edible insects could have a positive effect on gut microbiota, either by their pre-biotic effect or their antimicrobial activity towards pathogens. Thus, this review is focused on studies related to the health benefits of edible insects and their isolated components, as well as discussion about potential issues related to their microbial content and anti-nutritive factors; this review will provide a synopsis on whether edible insects may be considered safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- José E. Aguilar-Toalá
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada 52005, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Rosy G. Cruz-Monterrosa
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada 52005, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea M. Liceaga
- Protein Chemistry and Bioactive Peptides Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Lopez-Santamarina A, Cardelle-Cobas A, Lamas A, Mondragon-Portocarrero A, Cepeda A, Miranda JM. Nutritional composition, heavy metal content and in vitro effect on the human gut microbiota of Talitrus saltator, an underutilized crustacean from the Atlantic coast. Front Nutr 2022; 9:943133. [PMID: 36313116 PMCID: PMC9608505 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.943133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an undervalued marine crustacean (Talitrus saltator) was characterized in terms of nutritional and heavy metal composition and its potential to affect human gut microbiota. Nutritional analysis of this crustacean revealed that it complies with the criteria established in European legislation to include nutritional claims in their labeling, such as "source of fiber," "low in fat," "low in sugars" and "high in protein." The analysis of the heavy metal content did not reveal any risk derived from the presence of Cd, Hg, or Pb, whereas essential metals contained in 100 g exceeded the minimum daily requirements recommended in Europe for Zn (19.78 mg/kg), Cu (2.28 mg/kg), and Fe (32.96 mg/kg). Using an in vitro system, the effect of T. saltator on the human colonic microbiota shows some beneficial effects, such as fermentation-maintained populations of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus, did not increase Firmicutes phylum counts, decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and stimulated 11 metabolic pathways with respect to baseline. These results are unusual in a high protein content-food. However, negative effects were also found in gut microbiota relative proportions, such as an increase in the Proteobacteria phylum and especially some opportunistic bacteria from this phylum, probably due to the antimicrobial effect of chitin on other groups more sensitive to its effect. This work shows for the first time the effect of T. saltator on human colonic microbiota using and in vitro system. The presence of chitin in its composition could provide some beneficial effects by modulating the microbiota, but as T. saltator is a high-protein food, more studies should be carried out showing these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandra Cardelle-Cobas
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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Mwangi MN, Oonincx DGAB, Hummel M, Utami DA, Gunawan L, Veenenbos M, Zeder C, Cercamondi CI, Zimmermann MB, van Loon JJA, Dicke M, Melse-Boonstra A. Absorption of iron from edible house crickets: a randomized crossover stable-isotope study in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1146-1156. [PMID: 36026477 PMCID: PMC9535517 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible insects are a novel source of animal protein. Moreover, edible insects contain iron concentrations similar to meat, potentially making them a valuable iron source for human consumers. Yet, it is unknown to what extent iron from insects is absorbed in humans. OBJECTIVES In this exploratory study, we assessed fractional iron absorption from house crickets (Acheta domesticus) consumed with refined (low-phytate, noninhibiting) or nonrefined (high-phytate, inhibiting) meals. METHODS Intrinsically [57Fe]-labeled and control crickets were reared. Six iron-balanced experimental meals were randomly administered crossover to 20 iron-depleted females (serum ferritin <25 µg/L; 18-30 y old), in 2 time-blocks of 3 consecutive days, 2 wk apart. Three meals consisted of refined maize flour porridge with either [57Fe]-labeled crickets, [58Fe]SO4 (reference meal), or unlabeled crickets plus [54Fe]SO4. The other 3 meals consisted of nonrefined maize flour porridge with the same respective additions. Blood samples were drawn to assess the 14-d isotope enrichment in erythrocytes, and meal-specific fractional iron absorption was calculated. In vitro digestion was used to explore possible explanations for unexpected findings. RESULTS Mean fractional iron absorption from 57Fe-labeled house crickets with refined maize porridge (3.06%) and from refined maize porridge with unlabeled crickets (4.92%) was lower than from the reference meal (14.2%), with respective mean differences of -11.1% (95% CI: -12.6%, -9.68%) and -9.29% (95% CI: -10.8%, -7.77%). Iron absorption from all meals based on unrefined maize porridge was low (<3%), and did not differ for the 2 meals with crickets compared with the reference meal. In vitro digestion showed that chitin, chitosan, and calcium limited iron bioaccessibility to a large extent. CONCLUSIONS Iron absorption from house crickets and fortified maize porridge with crickets is low, which may be explained by the presence of chitin and other inhibitors in the cricket biomass.This trial was registered at https://www.trialregister.nl as NL6821.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin N Mwangi
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Training Research Unit of Excellence, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Dennis G A B Oonincx
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marijke Hummel
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dessy A Utami
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Health Science, Esa Unggul University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lidyawati Gunawan
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Nutriolab, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Margot Veenenbos
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- CLM Research and Advice, Culemborg, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Zeder
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Colin I Cercamondi
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
- Wyeth Nutrition Science Centre, Nestlé Nutrition Institute, Vevey, Switzerland
| | - Michael B Zimmermann
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Joop J A van Loon
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Numbi Muya GM, Mutiaka BK, Bindelle J, Francis F, Caparros Megido R. Human Consumption of Insects in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lepidoptera and Potential Species for Breeding. INSECTS 2022; 13:886. [PMID: 36292834 PMCID: PMC9604451 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There are 472 edible insect species in sub-Saharan Africa, of which 31% are Lepidoptera. Wild harvesting is still the main source of supply for these prized species to this day, with some harvesting techniques negatively impacting the environment. The successful production of edible caterpillars requires the appropriate and efficient implementation of husbandry techniques and practices. In this review, we present current literature on edible caterpillars. We provide a general overview of their life history, nutritional composition, and availability associated with specific host plants, with emphasis on semi-domestication and rearing practices that should replace wild harvest. Based on the assimilated information, a proposal of potential species for farming is provided, with details on key characteristics of development cycles to promote the establishment and development of sustainable farms of edible caterpillars at small and large scales. Such advances would contribute toward reducing anthropological pressure related to the exploitation of these food resources, as well as the environmental footprint of this widespread practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Marceline Numbi Muya
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Department of Zootechnics, University of Kinshasa, Kimwenza Road No. 01, Commune of Lemba, Kinshasa 012, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bienvenu Kambashi Mutiaka
- Department of Zootechnics, University of Kinshasa, Kimwenza Road No. 01, Commune of Lemba, Kinshasa 012, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Rudy Caparros Megido
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Ros-Baró M, Casas-Agustench P, Díaz-Rizzolo DA, Batlle-Bayer L, Adrià-Acosta F, Aguilar-Martínez A, Medina FX, Pujolà M, Bach-Faig A. Edible Insect Consumption for Human and Planetary Health: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11653. [PMID: 36141915 PMCID: PMC9517137 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to examine the health outcomes and environmental impact of edible insect consumption. Following PRISMA-P guidelines, PubMed, Medline ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases were searched until February 2021. Twenty-five articles met inclusion criteria: twelve animal and six human studies (randomized, non-randomized, and crossover control trials), and seven studies on sustainability outcomes. In animal studies, a supplement (in powdered form) of 0.5 g/kg of glycosaminoglycans significantly reduced abdominal and epididymal fat weight (5-40% and 5-24%, respectively), blood glucose (10-22%), and total cholesterol levels (9-10%), and a supplement of 5 mg/kg chitin/chitosan reduced body weight (1-4%) and abdominal fat accumulation (4%) versus control diets. In other animal studies, doses up to 7-15% of edible insect inclusion level significantly improved the live weight (9-33%), reduced levels of triglycerides (44%), cholesterol (14%), and blood glucose (8%), and increased microbiota diversity (2%) versus control diet. In human studies, doses up to 7% of edible insect inclusion level produced a significant improvement in gut health (6%) and reduction in systemic inflammation (2%) versus control diets and a significant increase in blood concentrations of essential and branched-chain amino acids and slowing of digestion (40%) versus whey treatment. Environmental indicators (land use, water footprint, and greenhouse gas emissions) were 40-60% lower for the feed and food of edible insects than for traditional animal livestock. More research is warranted on the edible insect dose responsible for health effects and on environmental indicators of edible insects for human nutrition. This research demonstrates how edible insects can be an alternative protein source not only to improve human and animal nutrition but also to exert positive effects on planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ros-Baró
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Casas-Agustench
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Diana Alícia Díaz-Rizzolo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Primary Healthcare Transversal Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Batlle-Bayer
- UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change ESCI-UPF, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alícia Aguilar-Martínez
- Food Lab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Unesco Chair on Food, Culture and Development, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc-Xavier Medina
- Food Lab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Unesco Chair on Food, Culture and Development, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pujolà
- Faculty of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Anna Bach-Faig
- Food Lab Research Group (2017SGR 83), Faculty of Health Sciences, Open University of Catalonia (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Food and Nutrition Area, Barcelona Official College of Pharmacists, 08009 Barcelona, Spain
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Kim N, Jung S, Lee E, Jo EB, Yoon S, Jeong Y. Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer hydrolysates alleviate lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in palmitic acid-treated human hepatoma G2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115117. [PMID: 35182670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common hepatic diseases closely intertwined with saturated fatty acids intake. Therefore, various studies are being conducted to find natural substances to prevent either the onset or progression of NAFLD. According to traditional medicinal literature, it has been reported that Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer (GB) has systemic detoxifying activity; however, the preventive effects of GB on NAFLD have not been elucidated to date. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the potential of GB as a material for the mitigation of NAFLD, we investigated the effects of GB hydrolysates on the hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human hepatoma G2 (Hep G2) cells treated with palmitic acid (PA). METHODS Steamed and dried GB was defatted, pulverized, and then lyophilized following hydrolyzation using Neutrase® (GB-N) or Flavourzyme® (GB-F). Hep G2 cells were incubated with GB-N or GB-F at various concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) for 24 h, and then PA was treated for another 24 h. RESULTS The GB-N and GB-F significantly prevented the PA-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in the human liver cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, the GB-N and GB-F increased the hepatic cellular viability against the PA-treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the GB-N and GB-F significantly ameliorated the PA-inducible proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, compared to the PA-treated hepatic cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the GB-N and GB-F inhibited the PA-inducible lipogenic mRNA expression, such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (p < 0.05). Moreover, the GB-N and GB-F alleviated the ER stress-related mRNA expression, such as glucose regulatory protein 78 and X-box binding protein increased in PA-treated cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that GB-N and GB-F could be used as materials to prevent the NAFLD onset or progression with alleviating hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; R&D, Hanmi Natural Nutrition Co., Ltd., Paju, Gyeonggi, 10808, South Korea.
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Byeol Jo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Seongjun Yoon
- Department of Baking Science, Hyejeon College, Hongsung, Chungnam, 32244, South Korea.
| | - Yoonhwa Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
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Making a meal out of bugs. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fsat.3602_5.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Nakajima Y, Ogura A. Genomics and effective trait candidates of edible insects. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Potential Use of Edible Insects in Complementary Foods for Children: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084756. [PMID: 35457621 PMCID: PMC9030031 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood malnutrition is an important public health problem. Animal protein provides essential amino acids in a more adequate pattern than plant-based protein. However, the production of sufficient animal-sourced protein to feed the growing world population is a serious challenge. This review aims to explore the evidence on the use of edible insects as an alternative source of protein and micronutrients in complementary foods for children and their potential to address childhood malnutrition. Methods: Searches were conducted in two electronic databases PubMed and Cochrane. The reference lists of included studies were also searched. Results: Twelve studies were included in this review. All insect-enriched formulations (e.g., biscuits, cereals, porridge, paste, etc.) exceeded the daily recommended amount of protein and fat for children’s complementary foods and showed good acceptability. Only two studies assessed the efficacy of insect-enriched foods on nutritional indicators and found no effect on the reduction of stunting and wasting. However, one study found improvements in the haemoglobin levels and fewer cases of anaemia in the intervention group. Conclusions: Insect-enriched complementary foods for children are safe, acceptable and have the potential to tackle micronutrient deficiencies. More studies are needed to examine their effect on nutritional status in children.
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Miguéns-Gómez A, Sierra-Cruz M, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Beltrán-Debón R, Blay MT, Terra X, Pinent M, Ardévol A. Effect of an Acute Insect Preload vs. an Almond Preload on Energy Intake, Subjective Food Consumption and Intestinal Health in Healthy Young Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071463. [PMID: 35406076 PMCID: PMC9002463 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein is considered the most satiating macronutrient, and its effect on satiety and food intake is source-dependent. For the first time, we compared the effect of the administration of an insect or almond preload, both containing 20 g of protein, on appetite and food intake in human subjects. Participants consumed both foods and a vehicle as a liquid preload on three separate days. They were then offered a breakfast and lunch buffet meal at which food intake was measured. Visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaires were completed following the three preloads to assess appetite and other sensations. At breakfast, reduced energy intake was observed for both preloads compared with vehicle. At lunch, food intake only differed in the insect group, which consumed more than the vehicle. Insect preload increased the total amount of protein ingested with a slight increase in total energy consumed, differently than almond, which significantly increased total protein and energy consumed. There was no correlation between indigestion-sensation ratings and food intake. Moreover, the insect preload resulted in lower sleepiness and tiredness ratings compared with the almond preload. Thus, insect-derived protein may be suitable as a safe ingredient for snacks intended for elderly or infirm patients who require increased protein intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Miguéns-Gómez
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Marta Sierra-Cruz
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Esther Rodríguez-Gallego
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Raúl Beltrán-Debón
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Teresa Blay
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ximena Terra
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pinent
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977559566
| | - Anna Ardévol
- MoBioFood Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo nº1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (M.S.-C.); (E.R.-G.); (R.B.-D.); (M.T.B.); (X.T.); (A.A.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040528. [PMID: 35206005 PMCID: PMC8871094 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Future food security for healthy populations requires the development of safe, sustainably-produced protein foods to complement traditional dietary protein sources. To meet this need, a broad range of non-traditional protein foods are under active investigation. The aim of this review was to evaluate their potential effects on human health and to identify knowledge gaps, potential risks, and research opportunities. Non-traditional protein sources included are algae, cereals/grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, insects, mycoprotein, nuts, oil seeds, and legumes. Human, animal, and in vitro data suggest that non-traditional protein foods have compelling beneficial effects on human health, complementing traditional proteins (meat/poultry, soy, eggs, dairy). Improvements in cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism, muscle synthesis, and glycaemic control were the most frequently reported improvements in health-related endpoints. The mechanisms of benefit may arise from their diverse range of minerals, macro- and micronutrients, dietary fibre, and bioactive factors. Many were also reported to have anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activity. Across all protein sources examined, there is a strong need for quality human data from randomized controlled intervention studies. Opportunity lies in further understanding the potential effects of non-traditional proteins on the gut microbiome, immunity, inflammatory conditions, DNA damage, cognition, and cellular ageing. Safety, sustainability, and evidence-based health research will be vital to the development of high-quality complementary protein foods that enhance human health at all life stages.
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Kemsawasd V, Inthachat W, Suttisansanee U, Temviriyanukul P. Road to The Red Carpet of Edible Crickets through Integration into the Human Food Chain with Biofunctions and Sustainability: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031801. [PMID: 35163720 PMCID: PMC8836810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that more than 500 million people, especially in Asia and Africa, are suffering from malnutrition. Recently, livestock farming has increased to supply high-quality protein, with consequent impact on the global environment. Alternative food sources with high nutritive values that can substitute livestock demands are urgently required. Recently, edible crickets have been promoted by the FAO to ameliorate the food crisis. In this review, the distribution, nutritive values, health-promoting properties (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity), safety, allergenicity as well as the potential hazards and risks for human consumption are summarized. Cricket farming may help to realize the United Nations sustainable development goal No. 2 Zero Hunger. The sustainability of cricket farming is also discussed in comparison with other livestock. The findings imply that edible crickets are safe for daily intake as a healthy alternative diet due to their high protein content and health-promoting properties. Appropriate use of edible crickets in the food and nutraceutical industries represents a global business potential. However, people who are allergic to shellfish should pay attention on cricket allergy. Thus, the objective of this review was to present in-depth and up-to-date information on edible crickets to advocate and enhance public perception of cricket-based food.
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46
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Meshulam-Pascoviche D, David-Birman T, Refael G, Lesmes U. Big opportunities for tiny bugs: Processing effects on the techno-functionality and digestibility of edible insects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Milião GL, de Oliveira APH, de Souza Soares L, Arruda TR, Vieira ÉNR, de Castro Leite Junior BR. Unconventional Food Plants: nutritional aspects and perspectives for industrial applications. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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48
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Reilly LM, Hu Y, von Schaumburg PC, de Oliveira MRD, He F, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Southey BR, Parsons CM, Utterback P, Lambrakis L, da Costa DV, Bertechini AG, Saad FMOB, de Godoy MRC. Chemical composition of selected insect meals and their effect on apparent total tract digestibility, fecal metabolites, and microbiota of adult cats fed insect-based retorted diets. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6518149. [PMID: 35100391 PMCID: PMC8903139 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect meals are novel and potentially sustainable protein sources. The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and standardized amino acid digestibility using the cecectomized rooster model of three selected insect meals (i.e., speckled cockroach [SC], Madagascar hissing cockroach [MC], and superworm [SW]) and to determine the effects of these insect meals on food intake, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of macronutrients, fecal scores, and metabolites of adult cats fed insect- or chicken-based retorted diets. This study consisted of a complete randomized design, with 28 adult cats randomly assigned to one of the four experimental retorted diets: Control (chicken-based diet), SC diet, MC diet, or SW diet. All animal procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All diets were formulated to be complete and balanced and meet or exceed the nutritional requirements of adult cats. The experimental period was 28 d, with the first 7 d allotted for diet adaptation. The total fecal collection was completed during the last 4 d of the experimental period. On day 21, a fresh fecal sample from each cat was collected for the determination of fecal metabolites and microbiota. Food was offered twice daily to maintain body weight and body condition score. Among the three selected insect meals evaluated, oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and stearic acid were the most prevalent fatty acids. Branched-chain amino acids and arginine were the most preponderant indispensable amino acids in these insect meals. ATTD of dry matter, organic matter, acid-hydrolyzed fat, and crude protein did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05), and all diets were well digested by the cats. Similarly, fecal scores did not differ among the treatments and were within ideal range. No differences (P > 0.05) in fecal metabolite concentrations or microbiota diversity were observed among cats fed different experimental diets; only a few genera from Firmicutes and Bacteroidota phyla differ (P < 0.05) in cats fed SW diet in contrast to other dietary treatments. In conclusion, the selected insect meals evaluated herein are rich in linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid for cats. Insect-based retorted diets led to comparable results to those achieved with a chicken-based retorted diet, suggesting that these novel protein sources might be adequate alternative ingredients in feline diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Reilly
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Maiara R D de Oliveira
- ADM, Decatur, IL 62526, USA,Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fei He
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Bruce R Southey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Carl M Parsons
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Pam Utterback
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Diego V da Costa
- Agricultural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antonio G Bertechini
- ADM, Decatur, IL 62526, USA,Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia M O B Saad
- ADM, Decatur, IL 62526, USA,Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria R C de Godoy
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA,Corresponding author:
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Matiza Ruzengwe F, Nyarugwe SP, Manditsera FA, Mubaiwa J, Cottin S, Matsungo TM, Chopera P, Ranawana V, Fiore A, Macheka L. Contribution of edible insects to improved food and nutrition security: A review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faith Matiza Ruzengwe
- Department of Food Science and Technology Chinhoyi University of Technology P. Bag 7724 Chinhoyi Zimbabwe
| | - Shingai P Nyarugwe
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing University of Central Lancashire Preston PR1 2HE UK
| | - Faith A Manditsera
- Department of Food Science and Technology Chinhoyi University of Technology P. Bag 7724 Chinhoyi Zimbabwe
| | - Juliet Mubaiwa
- Department of Food Science and Technology Chinhoyi University of Technology P. Bag 7724 Chinhoyi Zimbabwe
| | - Sarah Cottin
- Division of Food and Drink School of Science Engineering and Technology Abertay University Dundee DD1 1HG UK
| | - Tonderayi M Matsungo
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food Science Faculty of Science University of Zimbabwe P.O. Box MP 167 Harare Zimbabwe
| | - Prosper Chopera
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food Science Faculty of Science University of Zimbabwe P.O. Box MP 167 Harare Zimbabwe
| | - Viren Ranawana
- School of Health and Related Research University of Sheffield 30 Regent Street Sheffield S1 4DA UK
| | - Alberto Fiore
- School of Applied Science Division of Engineering and Food Science Abertay University Bell Street Dundee DD1 1HG UK
| | - Lesley Macheka
- Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer Marondera University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology P. O Box 35 Marondera Zimbabwe
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50
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David-Birman T, Romano A, Aga A, Pascoviche D, Davidovich-Pinhas M, Lesmes U. Impact of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) powder on cream foaming, ice cream properties and palatability. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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