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Kita N, Hamamoto A, Gowda SGB, Takatsu H, Nakayama K, Arita M, Hui SP, Shin HW. Glucosylceramide flippases contribute to cellular glucosylceramide homeostasis. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100508. [PMID: 38280458 PMCID: PMC10910339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid transport is an essential cellular process with importance to human health, disease development, and therapeutic strategies. Type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) have been identified as membrane lipid flippases by utilizing nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD)-labeled lipids as substrates. Among the 14 human type IV P-type ATPases, ATP10D was shown to flip NBD-glucosylceramide (GlcCer) across the plasma membrane. Here, we found that conversion of incorporated GlcCer (d18:1/12:0) to other sphingolipids is accelerated in cells exogenously expressing ATP10D but not its ATPase-deficient mutant. These findings suggest that 1) ATP10D flips unmodified GlcCer as well as NBD-GlcCer at the plasma membrane and 2) ATP10D can translocate extracellular GlcCer, which is subsequently converted to other metabolites. Notably, exogenous expression of ATP10D led to the reduction in cellular hexosylceramide levels. Moreover, the expression of GlcCer flippases, including ATP10D, also reduced cellular hexosylceramide levels in fibroblasts derived from patients with Gaucher disease, which is a lysosomal storage disorder with excess GlcCer accumulation. Our study highlights the contribution of ATP10D to the regulation of cellular GlcCer levels and maintaining lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asuka Hamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hye-Won Shin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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2
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Hamamoto A, Kita N, B Gowda SG, Takatsu H, Nakayama K, Arita M, Hui SP, Shin HW. Lysosomal membrane integrity in fibroblasts derived from patients with Gaucher disease. Cell Struct Funct 2024; 49:1-10. [PMID: 38072450 DOI: 10.1247/csf.23066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a recessively inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GBA1). This deficiency results in the accumulation of its substrate, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), within lysosomes. Here, we investigated lysosomal abnormalities in fibroblasts derived from patients with GD. It is noteworthy that the cellular distribution of lysosomes and lysosomal proteolytic activity remained largely unaffected in GD fibroblasts. However, we found that lysosomal membranes of GD fibroblasts were susceptible to damage when exposed to a lysosomotropic agent. Moreover, the susceptibility of lysosomal membranes to a lysosomotropic agent could be partly restored by exogenous expression of wild-type GBA1. Here, we report that the lysosomal membrane integrity is altered in GD fibroblasts, but lysosomal distribution and proteolytic activity is not significantly altered.Key words: glucosylceramide, lysosome, Gaucher disease, lysosomotropic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Hamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University
| | - Natsuki Kita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University
| | - Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences
| | | | - Hye-Won Shin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University
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3
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Norris AC, Yazlovitskaya EM, Zhu L, Rose BS, May JC, Gibson-Corley KN, McLean JA, Stafford JM, Graham TR. Deficiency of the lipid flippase ATP10A causes diet-induced dyslipidemia in female mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:343. [PMID: 38172157 PMCID: PMC10764864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic association studies have linked ATP10A and closely related type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) to insulin resistance and vascular complications, such as atherosclerosis. ATP10A translocates phosphatidylcholine and glucosylceramide across cell membranes, and these lipids or their metabolites play important roles in signal transduction pathways regulating metabolism. However, the influence of ATP10A on lipid metabolism in mice has not been explored. Here, we generated gene-specific Atp10A knockout mice and show that Atp10A-/- mice fed a high-fat diet did not gain excess weight relative to wild-type littermates. However, Atp10A-/- mice displayed female-specific dyslipidemia characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids and cholesterol, as well as altered VLDL and HDL properties. We also observed increased circulating levels of several sphingolipid species along with reduced levels of eicosanoids and bile acids. The Atp10A-/- mice also displayed hepatic insulin resistance without perturbations to whole-body glucose homeostasis. Thus, ATP10A has a sex-specific role in regulating plasma lipid composition and maintaining hepatic liver insulin sensitivity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Norris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21St Ave S, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Eugenia M Yazlovitskaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21St Ave S, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bailey S Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jody C May
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John A McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John M Stafford
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Todd R Graham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21St Ave S, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA.
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4
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Norris AC, Yazlovitskaya EM, Zhu L, Rose BS, May JC, Gibson-Corley KN, McLean JA, Stafford JM, Graham TR. Deficiency of the lipid flippase ATP10A causes diet-induced dyslipidemia in female mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.16.545392. [PMID: 37398141 PMCID: PMC10312798 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.16.545392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic association studies have linked ATP10A and closely related type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) to insulin resistance and vascular complications, such as atherosclerosis. ATP10A translocates phosphatidylcholine and glucosylceramide across cell membranes, and these lipids or their metabolites play important roles in signal transduction pathways regulating metabolism. However, the influence of ATP10A on lipid metabolism in mice has not been explored. Here, we generated gene-specific Atp10A knockout mice and show that Atp10A-/- mice fed a high-fat diet did not gain excess weight relative to wild-type littermates. However, Atp10A-/- mice displayed female-specific dyslipidemia characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids and cholesterol, as well as altered VLDL and HDL properties. We also observed increased circulating levels of several sphingolipid species along with reduced levels of eicosanoids and bile acids. The Atp10A-/- mice also displayed hepatic insulin resistance without perturbations to whole-body glucose homeostasis. Thus, ATP10A has a sex-specific role in regulating plasma lipid composition and maintaining hepatic liver insulin sensitivity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C. Norris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Lin Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Bailey S. Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jody C. May
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John A. McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John M. Stafford
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee, USA
| | - Todd R. Graham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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González-Cuesta M, Lai ACY, Chi PY, Hsu IL, Liu NT, Wu KC, García Fernández JM, Chang YJ, Ortiz Mellet C. Serine-/Cysteine-Based sp 2-Iminoglycolipids as Novel TLR4 Agonists: Evaluation of Their Adjuvancy and Immunotherapeutic Properties in a Murine Model of Asthma. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4768-4783. [PMID: 36958376 PMCID: PMC10108363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycolipids with TLR4 agonistic properties can serve either as therapeutic agents or as vaccine adjuvants by stimulating the development of proinflammatory responses. Translating them to the clinical setting is hampered by synthetic difficulties, the lack of stability in biological media, and/or a suboptimal profile of balanced immune mediator secretion. Here, we show that replacement of the sugar fragment by an sp2-iminosugar moiety in a prototypic TLR4 agonist, CCL-34, yields iminoglycolipid analogues that retain or improve their biological activity in vitro and in vivo and can be accessed through scalable protocols with total stereoselectivity. Their adjuvant potential is manifested in their ability to induce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, prime the maturation of dendritic cells, and promote the proliferation of CD8+ T cells, pertaining to a Th1-biased profile. Additionally, their therapeutic potential for the treatment of asthma, a Th2-dominated inflammatory pathology, has been confirmed in an ovalbumin-induced airway hyperreactivity mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel González-Cuesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville E-41012, Spain
| | - Alan Chuan-Ying Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Tzu Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - José M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla E-41092, Spain
| | - Ya-Jen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville E-41012, Spain
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6
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Sharma A, Chauhan A, Chauhan P, Evans DL, Szlabick RE, Aaland MO, Mishra BB, Sharma J. Glycolipid Metabolite β-Glucosylceramide Is a Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Inducing Ligand of Mincle Released during Bacterial Infection and Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:391-400. [PMID: 35768151 PMCID: PMC9347214 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in host defense and inflammatory pathologies alike. A wide range of pathogen- and host-derived factors are known to induce NETs, yet the knowledge about specific receptor-ligand interactions in this response is limited. We previously reported that macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) regulates NET formation. In this article, we identify glycosphingolipid β-glucosylceramide (β-GlcCer) as a specific NET-inducing ligand of Mincle. We found that purified β-GlcCer induced NETs in mouse primary neutrophils in vitro and in vivo, and this effect was abrogated in Mincle deficiency. Cell-free β-GlcCer accumulated in the lungs of pneumonic mice, which correlated with pulmonary NET formation in wild-type, but not in Mincle-/-, mice infected intranasally with Klebsiella pneumoniae Although leukocyte infiltration by β-GlcCer administration in vivo did not require Mincle, NETs induced by this sphingolipid were important for bacterial clearance during Klebsiella infection. Mechanistically, β-GlcCer did not activate reactive oxygen species formation in neutrophils but required autophagy and glycolysis for NET formation, because ATG4 inhibitor NSC185058, as well as glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose, abrogated β-GlcCer-induced NETs. Forced autophagy activation by tamoxifen could overcome the inhibitory effect of glycolysis blockage on β-GlcCer-mediated NET formation, suggesting that autophagy activation is sufficient to induce NETs in response to this metabolite in the absence of glycolysis. Finally, β-GlcCer accumulated in the plasma of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and its levels correlated with the extent of systemic NET formation in these patients. Overall, our results posit β-GlcCer as a potent NET-inducing ligand of Mincle with diagnostic and therapeutic potential in inflammatory disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND; and
| | - Arun Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND; and
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND; and
| | - Dustin L Evans
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Randolph E Szlabick
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Mary O Aaland
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Bibhuti B Mishra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND; and
| | - Jyotika Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND; and
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Berkowitz L, Cabrera-Reyes F, Salazar C, Ryff CD, Coe C, Rigotti A. Sphingolipid Profiling: A Promising Tool for Stratifying the Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Risk. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:785124. [PMID: 35097004 PMCID: PMC8795367 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.785124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multicomponent risk condition that reflects the clustering of individual cardiometabolic risk factors related to abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. MetS increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there still is not total clinical consensus about the definition of MetS, and its pathophysiology seems to be heterogeneous. Moreover, it remains unclear whether MetS is a single syndrome or a set of diverse clinical conditions conferring different metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Indeed, traditional biomarkers alone do not explain well such heterogeneity or the risk of associated diseases. There is thus a need to identify additional biomarkers that may contribute to a better understanding of MetS, along with more accurate prognosis of its various chronic disease risks. To fulfill this need, omics technologies may offer new insights into associations between sphingolipids and cardiometabolic diseases. Particularly, ceramides –the most widely studied sphingolipid class– have been shown to play a causative role in both T2DM and CVD. However, the involvement of simple glycosphingolipids remains controversial. This review focuses on the current understanding of MetS heterogeneity and discuss recent findings to address how sphingolipid profiling can be applied to better characterize MetS-associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Berkowitz
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Loni Berkowitz
| | - Fernanda Cabrera-Reyes
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Salazar
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D. Ryff
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher Coe
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Al-Azzawi ZAM, Arfaie S, Gan-Or Z. GBA1 and The Immune System: A Potential Role in Parkinson's Disease? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:S53-S64. [PMID: 36057834 PMCID: PMC9535551 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is clear that the immune system and inflammation have a role in Parkinson's disease (PD), including sporadic PD and some genetic forms such as LRRK2-associated PD. One of the most important genes associated with PD is GBA1, as variants in this gene are found in 5-20% of PD patients in different populations worldwide. Biallelic variants in GBA1 may cause Gaucher disease, a lysosomal storage disorder with involvement of the immune system, and other lines of evidence link GBA1 to the immune system and inflammation. In this review, we discuss these different pieces of evidence and whether the interplay between GBA1 and the immune system may have a role in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid A M Al-Azzawi
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saman Arfaie
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Neuro - Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Li Z, Chiang YP, He M, Worgall TS, Zhou H, Jiang XC. Liver sphingomyelin synthase 1 deficiency causes steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis: An effect of glucosylceramide accumulation. iScience 2021; 24:103449. [PMID: 34927020 PMCID: PMC8649732 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide (GluCer) was accumulated in sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1) but not SMS2 deficient mouse tissues. In current study, we studied GluCer accumulation-mediated metabolic consequences. Livers from liver-specific Sms1/global Sms2 double-knockout (dKO) exhibited severe steatosis under a high-fat diet. Moreover, chow diet-fed ≥6-month-old dKO mice had liver impairment, inflammation, and fibrosis, compared with wild type and Sms2 KO mice. RNA sequencing showed 3- to 12-fold increases in various genes which are involved in lipogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Further, we found that direct GluCer treatment (in vitro and in vivo) promoted hepatocyte to secrete more activated TGFβ1, which stimulated more collagen 1α1 production in hepatic stellate cells. Additionally, GluCer promoted more β-catenin translocation into the nucleus, thus promoting tumorigenesis. Importantly, human NASH patients had higher liver GluCer synthase and higher plasma GluCer. These findings implicated that GluCer accumulation is one of triggers promoting the development of NAFLD into NASH, then, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yeun-po Chiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Mulin He
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Program, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, USA
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Canine peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived B lymphocytes pretreated with lipopolysaccharide enhance the immunomodulatory effect through macrophage polarization. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256651. [PMID: 34807933 PMCID: PMC8608335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is used to improve the secretion of anti-inflammatory agents in B cells. However, there are only a few studies on canine B cells. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the immune regulatory capacity of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived B cells pretreated with LPS. METHODS Canine B cells were isolated from canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which were obtained from three healthy canine donors. The B cells were preconditioned with LPS, and then cell viability and the expression of the regulatory B cell marker were assessed. Finally, RNA extraction and immunofluorescence analysis were performed. RESULTS LPS primed B cells expressed the interleukin (IL)-10 surface marker and immunoregulatory gene expression, such as IL-10, programmed death-ligand 1, and transforming growth factor beta. Macrophages in the inflammatory condition cocultured with primed B cells were found to have significantly down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Additionally, it was revealed that co-culture with primed B cells re-polarized M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that LPS-primed B cells have an anti-inflammatory effect and can re-polarize macrophages, suggesting the possibility of using LPS-primed B cells as a therapeutic agent for its anti-inflammatory effects and immune modulation.
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11
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Matamoros‐Recio A, Franco‐Gonzalez JF, Perez‐Regidor L, Billod J, Guzman‐Caldentey J, Martin‐Santamaria S. Full-Atom Model of the Agonist LPS-Bound Toll-like Receptor 4 Dimer in a Membrane Environment. Chemistry 2021; 27:15406-15425. [PMID: 34569111 PMCID: PMC8596573 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) innate immunity system is a membrane receptor of paramount importance as therapeutic target. Its assembly, upon binding of Gram-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and also dependent on the membrane composition, finally triggers the immune response cascade. We have combined ab-initio calculations, molecular docking, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, and thermodynamics calculations to provide the most realistic and complete 3D models of the active full TLR4 complex embedded into a realistic membrane to date. Our studies give functional and structural insights into the transmembrane domain behavior in different membrane environments, the ectodomain bouncing movement, and the dimerization patterns of the intracellular Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor domain. Our work provides TLR4 models as reasonable 3D structures for the (TLR4/MD-2/LPS)2 architecture accounting for the active (agonist) state of the TLR4, and pointing to a signal transduction mechanism across cell membrane. These observations unveil relevant molecular aspects involved in the TLR4 innate immune pathways and will promote the discovery of new TLR4 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Matamoros‐Recio
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
| | - Juan Felipe Franco‐Gonzalez
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
| | - Lucia Perez‐Regidor
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
| | - Jean‐Marc Billod
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
| | - Joan Guzman‐Caldentey
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
| | - Sonsoles Martin‐Santamaria
- Department of Structural and Chemical BiologyCentre for Biological Research Margarita Salas, CIB-CSICC/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 928040MadridSpain
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12
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González-Fernández C, Basauri A, Fallanza M, Bringas E, Oostenbrink C, Ortiz I. Fighting Against Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide-Caused Infections through Molecular Dynamics Simulations: A Review. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:4839-4851. [PMID: 34559524 PMCID: PMC8549069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
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Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) is the primary component of the outer
leaflet of Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes. LPS elicits an
overwhelming immune response during infection, which can lead to life-threatening
sepsis or septic shock for which no suitable treatment is available
so far. As a result of the worldwide expanding multidrug-resistant
bacteria, the occurrence and frequency of sepsis are expected to increase;
thus, there is an urge to develop novel strategies for treating bacterial
infections. In this regard, gaining an in-depth understanding about
the ability of LPS to both stimulate the host immune system and interact
with several molecules is crucial for fighting against LPS-caused
infections and allowing for the rational design of novel antisepsis
drugs, vaccines and LPS sequestration and detection methods. Molecular
dynamics (MD) simulations, which are understood as being a computational
microscope, have proven to be of significant value to understand LPS-related
phenomena, driving and optimizing experimental research studies. In
this work, a comprehensive review on the methods that can be combined
with MD simulations, recently applied in LPS research, is provided.
We focus especially on both enhanced sampling methods, which enable
the exploration of more complex systems and access to larger time
scales, and free energy calculation approaches. Thereby, apart from
outlining several strategies for surmounting LPS-caused infections,
this work reports the current state-of-the-art of the methods applied
with MD simulations for moving a step forward in the development of
such strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina González-Fernández
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Arantza Basauri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Marcos Fallanza
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Eugenio Bringas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Chris Oostenbrink
- Institute for Molecular Modeling and Simulation, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Inmaculada Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
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13
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Róg T, Girych M, Bunker A. Mechanistic Understanding from Molecular Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Research 2: Lipid Membrane in Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1062. [PMID: 34681286 PMCID: PMC8537670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation as a drug design tool in the context of the role that the lipid membrane can play in drug action, i.e., the interaction between candidate drug molecules and lipid membranes. In the standard "lock and key" paradigm, only the interaction between the drug and a specific active site of a specific protein is considered; the environment in which the drug acts is, from a biophysical perspective, far more complex than this. The possible mechanisms though which a drug can be designed to tinker with physiological processes are significantly broader than merely fitting to a single active site of a single protein. In this paper, we focus on the role of the lipid membrane, arguably the most important element outside the proteins themselves, as a case study. We discuss work that has been carried out, using MD simulation, concerning the transfection of drugs through membranes that act as biological barriers in the path of the drugs, the behavior of drug molecules within membranes, how their collective behavior can affect the structure and properties of the membrane and, finally, the role lipid membranes, to which the vast majority of drug target proteins are associated, can play in mediating the interaction between drug and target protein. This review paper is the second in a two-part series covering MD simulation as a tool in pharmaceutical research; both are designed as pedagogical review papers aimed at both pharmaceutical scientists interested in exploring how the tool of MD simulation can be applied to their research and computational scientists interested in exploring the possibility of a pharmaceutical context for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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14
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Ghosh S, Juin SK, Bhattacharyya Majumdar S, Majumdar S. Crucial role of glucosylceramide synthase in the regulation of stem cell-like cancer cells in B16F10 murine melanoma. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:840-858. [PMID: 34516706 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells render a complex cascade of events that facilitates highly invasive melanoma malignancy. Interplay between immunocytes and cancer stem cells within tumor microenvironment with the participation of sphingolipid signaling mediators skews the immune evasion strategies toward metastatic neoplasm. In this context, we aimed to explore the functional aspect of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), a key enzyme of sphingolipid biosynthesis in the maintenance of melanoma stem cell-like cancer cells (CSCs). Our findings demonstrated that tumor hypoxia was responsible for elevated GCS expression in melanoma, which was correlated with substantially increased melanoma CSCs. Moreover, hypoxia-induced TGF-β from TAMs and Tregs promoted GCS induction in B16F10 murine melanoma CSCs via PKCα signaling and facilitated the expansion of melanoma CSCs. Interestingly, GCS ablation hindered the immunosuppressiveness of TAMs and Tregs. Therefore, our study for the first time demonstrated a novel paracrine pathway of melanoma CSC maintenance and tumorigenicity, exploiting the bidirectional signaling with immunocytes. Furthermore, our study showed that the combinatorial immunotherapy involving immunomodulators like Mw and DTA-1 repressed CSC pool affecting GCS functions in advanced-stage B16F10 murine melanoma tumor. Moreover, GCS inhibition sensitized conventional chemotherapeutic drug-resistant melanoma CSCs to the genotoxic drugs paving the way toward selective melanoma treatment. Better therapeutic efficacy with inhibition of GCS and CSC depletion suggests a crucial role of GCS in melanoma treatment, therefore, implying its application concerning clinical challenges of chemotherapy resistance leading to prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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15
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Yokoyama N, Hanafusa K, Hotta T, Oshima E, Iwabuchi K, Nakayama H. Multiplicity of Glycosphingolipid-Enriched Microdomain-Driven Immune Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9565. [PMID: 34502474 PMCID: PMC8430928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), together with cholesterol, sphingomyelin (SM), and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored and membrane-associated signal transduction molecules, form GSL-enriched microdomains. These specialized microdomains interact in a cis manner with various immune receptors, affecting immune receptor-mediated signaling. This, in turn, results in the regulation of a broad range of immunological functions, including phagocytosis, cytokine production, antigen presentation and apoptosis. In addition, GSLs alone can regulate immunological functions by acting as ligands for immune receptors, and exogenous GSLs can alter the organization of microdomains and microdomain-associated signaling. Many pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and fungi, enter host cells by binding to GSL-enriched microdomains. Intracellular pathogens survive inside phagocytes by manipulating intracellular microdomain-driven signaling and/or sphingolipid metabolism pathways. This review describes the mechanisms by which GSL-enriched microdomains regulate immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yokoyama
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
| | - Kei Hanafusa
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
| | - Tomomi Hotta
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
| | - Eriko Oshima
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
| | - Kazuhisa Iwabuchi
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
- Infection Control Nursing, Juntendo University Graduate School of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakayama
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (N.Y.); (K.H.); (T.H.); (E.O.); (K.I.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
- Infection Control Nursing, Juntendo University Graduate School of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
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16
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Nkiliza A, Parks M, Cseresznye A, Oberlin S, Evans JE, Darcey T, Aenlle K, Niedospial D, Mullan M, Crawford F, Klimas N, Abdullah L. Sex-specific plasma lipid profiles of ME/CFS patients and their association with pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms. J Transl Med 2021; 19:370. [PMID: 34454515 PMCID: PMC8401202 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex illness which disproportionally affects females. This illness is associated with immune and metabolic perturbations that may be influenced by lipid metabolism. We therefore hypothesized that plasma lipids from ME/CFS patients will provide a unique biomarker signature of disturbances in immune, inflammation and metabolic processes associated with ME/CFS. Methods Lipidomic analyses were performed on plasma from a cohort of 50 ME/CFS patients and 50 controls (50% males and similar age and ethnicity per group). Analyses were conducted with nano-flow liquid chromatography (nLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems coupled with a high mass accuracy ORBITRAP mass spectrometer, allowing detection of plasma lipid concentration ranges over three orders of magnitude. We examined plasma phospholipids (PL), neutral lipids (NL) and bioactive lipids in ME/CFS patients and controls and examined the influence of sex on the relationship between lipids and ME/CFS diagnosis. Results Among females, levels of total phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), omega-6 arachidonic acid-containing PE, and total hexosylceramides (HexCer) were significantly decreased in ME/CFS compared to controls. In males, levels of total HexCer, monounsaturated PE, phosphatidylinositol (PI), and saturated triglycerides (TG) were increased in ME/CFS patients compared to controls. Additionally, omega-6 linoleic acid-derived oxylipins were significantly increased in male ME/CFS patients versus male controls. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified three major components containing mostly PC and a few PE, PI and SM species—all of which were negatively associated with headache and fatigue severity, irrespective of sex. Correlations of oxylipins, ethanolamides and ME/CFS symptom severity showed that lower concentrations of these lipids corresponded with an increase in the severity of headaches, fatigue and cognitive difficulties and that this association was influenced by sex. Conclusion The observed sex-specific pattern of dysregulated PL, NL, HexCer and oxylipins in ME/CFS patients suggests a possible role of these lipids in promoting immune dysfunction and inflammation which may be among the underlying factors driving the clinical presentation of fatigue, chronic pain, and cognitive difficulties in ill patients. Further evaluation of lipid metabolism pathways is warranted to better understand ME/CFS pathogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03035-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Nkiliza
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA. .,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Megan Parks
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Adam Cseresznye
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Oberlin
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - James E Evans
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Teresa Darcey
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kristina Aenlle
- Institute for NeuroImmune Medicine, VAMC, GRECC, Nova Southeastern University, Miami, USA
| | - Daniel Niedospial
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael Mullan
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fiona Crawford
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nancy Klimas
- Institute for NeuroImmune Medicine, VAMC, GRECC, Nova Southeastern University, Miami, USA
| | - Laila Abdullah
- Roskamp Institute, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.,James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, 2040 Whitfield Ave, Tampa, FL, USA
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17
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Olona A, Hateley C, Muralidharan S, Wenk MR, Torta F, Behmoaras J. Sphingolipid metabolism during Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated macrophage activation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4575-4587. [PMID: 34363204 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation in response to stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) provides a paradigm for investigating energy metabolism that regulates the inflammatory response. TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory macrophage activation is characterized by increased glycolysis and altered mitochondrial metabolism, supported by selective amino acid uptake and/or usage. Fatty acid metabolism remains as a highly complex rewiring that accompanies classical macrophage activation. TLR4 activation leads to de novo synthesis of fatty acids, which flux into sphingolipids, complex lipids that form the building blocks of eukaryotic cell membranes and regulate cell function. Here, we review the importance of TLR4-mediated de novo synthesis of membrane sphingolipids in macrophages. We first highlight fatty acid metabolism during TLR4-driven macrophage immunometabolism. We then focus on the temporal dynamics of sphingolipid biosynthesis and emphasize the modulatory role of some sphingolipid species (i.e. sphingomyelins, ceramides and glycosphingolipids) on the pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution phases of LPS/TLR4 activation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Olona
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Hateley
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Markus R Wenk
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- SLING, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.,Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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18
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Wu S, Ye H, Xue T, Wang J. Mechanism of lipopolysaccharide-mediated induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of alveolar type II epithelial cells in absence of other inflammatory cells. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211014427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that gram-negative bacilli infection can cause acute lung injury, and that consequent pulmonary fibrosis is caused when alveolar type-II epithelial cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanism underlying this change remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether the main toxin of gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), can induce EMT in human alveolar epithelial cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Human alveolar type-II epithelial cells (A549) were used in EMT induction experiments. Cells were collected after LPS exposure, and changes in the expression levels of epithelial and mesenchymal cell markers were determined. Further, the effect of LPS exposure on the expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and Smad2/3 was assessed. The expression level of a mesenchymal cell marker was also assessed after pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 and TGF-β1 prior to addition of LPS, to identify downstream pathways involved in EMT induction. Results showed that LPS exposure caused significant downregulation of epithelial marker E-cadherin, and upregulation of mesenchymal marker vimentin, together with increased expression of TGF-β1 and activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway. Furthermore, pretreatment with TGF-β1 and TLR4 inhibitors suppressed EMT, and treatment with the latter also reduced the expression level of TGF-β1. Overall, we conclude that LPS directly induces EMT in A549 cells through upregulation of TLR4 and activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Our results suggest that LPS-mediated pulmonary fibrosis may occur in ALI patients even if the LPS-induced inflammatory response is inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - TianJiao Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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19
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Qi W, Chen Y, Sun S, Xu X, Zhan J, Yan Z, Shang P, Pan X, Liu H. Inhibiting TLR4 signaling by linarin for preventing inflammatory response in osteoarthritis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5369-5382. [PMID: 33536347 PMCID: PMC7950270 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative diseases, ultimately leading to long-term joint pain and severe articular malformation. Controlling local chronic inflammation is a crucial strategy for delaying OA development. Linarin is a natural flavonoid glycoside that is widely available in Compositae, Chrysanthemum indicum and Dendrocalamus and processes protective effects in several animal models. The purpose of our work was to study the protective effect of Linarin for OA. Cellular experiments data showed that Linarin suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-caused the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in chondrocyte. In addition, LPS-stimulated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide nitrate (iNOS) was decreased by Linarin pre-treatment. Together, Linarin prevented the catabiosis of extracellular matrix caused by LPS. For mechanism, Linarin inhibited the formation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) / myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) dipolymer complex and subsequently intervened NF-κB activation. Our mouse DMM model further clarified the protection of Linarin in vivo. In summary, our results suggested that Linarin may be a potential effective agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Shuaibo Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinxian Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jingdi Zhan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zijian Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ping Shang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Haixiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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20
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Su J, Xu HT, Yu JJ, Yan MQ, Wang T, Wu YJ, Li B, Lu WJ, Wang C, Lei SS, Chen SM, Chen SH, Lv GY. Luteolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microcirculatory disturbance through inhibiting leukocyte adhesion in rat mesenteric venules. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:33. [PMID: 33446171 PMCID: PMC7807763 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microcirculatory disturbance is closely associated with multiple diseases such as ischemic and septic stroke. Luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a vascular protective flavonoid present in several dietary foods. However, how luteolin plays a role in microcirculatory disturbance is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of luteolin on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microcirculatory disturbance, focusing on its effect on leukocyte adhesion and the underlying mechanism of this effect. Methods After injecting LPS into rats, we used an inverted intravital microscope to observe the velocity of red blood cells in venules, numbers of leukocytes adherent to and emigrated across the venular wall, hydrogen peroxide production in venular walls and mast cell degranulation. Intestinal microcirculation blood flow was measured by High-resolution Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging. Histological changes of small intestine and mesenteric arteries were evaluated. Additionally, cell adhesion stimulated by LPS was tested on EA.hy926 and THP-1 cells. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and the activation of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway were determined. Results The results showed luteolin significantly inhibited LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion, hydrogen peroxide production and mast cell degranulation, and increased intestinal microcirculation blood flow and ameliorated pathological changes in the mesenteric artery and the small intestine. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of TLR4, Myd88, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, the phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB/p65 in LPS stimulated EA.hy926. Conclusions Our findings revealed that it is likely that luteolin can ameliorate microcirculatory disturbance. The inhibitory effects of luteolin on the leukocyte adhesion stimulated by LPS, which participates in the development of microcirculatory disturbance, are mediated through the regulation of the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03196-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Ting Xu
- Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Qiu Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Jie Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Lei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Lee J, Lee J, Lee S, Ahmad T, Madhurakkat Perikamana SK, Kim EM, Lee SW, Shin H. Bioactive Membrane Immobilized with Lactoferrin for Modulation of Bone Regeneration and Inflammation. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1243-1258. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinki Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taufiq Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakkat Perikamana
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Cancer stem cells and ceramide signaling: the cutting edges of immunotherapy. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8101-8111. [PMID: 32885363 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The multipotent, self renewing "cancer stem cells" (CSCs), a small population within tumor microenvironment facilitates transformed cells to grow and propagate within the body. The CSCs are discovered as resistant to the chemotherapeutic drug with distinct immunological characteristics. In recent years, immunologically targeting CSCs have emerged as an integral part of effective and successful cancer therapy. CSCs notably exhibit dysregulation in conventional sub-cellular sphingolipid metabolism. Recently, ceramide decaying enzymes have been shown to activate alternative ceramide signaling pathways leading to reduction in efficacy of the chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, a control over ceramide mediated modulations of CSCs offers an attractive dimension of effective cancer treatment strategy in future. In this review, we focused on the recent findings on broad spectrum of ceramide mediated signaling in CSCs within the tumor niche and their role in potential cancer immunotherapy.
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23
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Kara S, Amon L, Lühr JJ, Nimmerjahn F, Dudziak D, Lux A. Impact of Plasma Membrane Domains on IgG Fc Receptor Function. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1320. [PMID: 32714325 PMCID: PMC7344230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid cell membranes not only represent the physical boundaries of cells. They also actively participate in many cellular processes. This contribution is facilitated by highly complex mixtures of different lipids and incorporation of various membrane proteins. One group of membrane-associated receptors are Fc receptors (FcRs). These cell-surface receptors are crucial for the activity of most immune cells as they bind immunoglobulins such as immunoglobulin G (IgG). Based on distinct mechanisms of IgG binding, two classes of Fc receptors are now recognized: the canonical type I FcγRs and select C-type lectin receptors newly referred to as type II FcRs. Upon IgG immune complex induced cross-linking, these receptors are known to induce a multitude of cellular effector responses in a cell-type dependent manner, including internalization, antigen processing, and presentation as well as production of cytokines. The response is also determined by specific intracellular signaling domains, allowing FcRs to either positively or negatively modulate immune cell activity. Expression of cell-type specific combinations and numbers of receptors therefore ultimately sets a threshold for induction of effector responses. Mechanistically, receptor cross-linking and localization to lipid rafts, i.e., organized membrane microdomains enriched in intracellular signaling proteins, were proposed as major determinants of initial FcR activation. Given that immune cell membranes might also vary in their lipid compositions, it is reasonable to speculate, that the cell membrane and especially lipid rafts serve as an additional regulator of FcR activity. In this article, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the interplay of lipid rafts and IgG binding FcRs with a focus on the plasma membrane composition and receptor localization in immune cells, the proposed mechanisms underlying this localization and consequences for FcR function with respect to their immunoregulatory capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kara
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer J Lühr
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Division of Nano-Optics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Lux
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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24
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Sen P, Dickens AM, López-Bascón MA, Lindeman T, Kemppainen E, Lamichhane S, Rönkkö T, Ilonen J, Toppari J, Veijola R, Hyöty H, Hyötyläinen T, Knip M, Orešič M. Metabolic alterations in immune cells associate with progression to type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1017-1031. [PMID: 32043185 PMCID: PMC7145788 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Previous metabolomics studies suggest that type 1 diabetes is preceded by specific metabolic disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate whether distinct metabolic patterns occur in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of children who later develop pancreatic beta cell autoimmunity or overt type 1 diabetes. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort setting, PBMC metabolomic analysis was applied in children who (1) progressed to type 1 diabetes (PT1D, n = 34), (2) seroconverted to ≥1 islet autoantibody without progressing to type 1 diabetes (P1Ab, n = 27) or (3) remained autoantibody negative during follow-up (CTRL, n = 10). RESULTS During the first year of life, levels of most lipids and polar metabolites were lower in the PT1D and P1Ab groups compared with the CTRL group. Pathway over-representation analysis suggested alanine, aspartate, glutamate, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism were over-represented in PT1D. Genome-scale metabolic models of PBMCs during type 1 diabetes progression were developed by using publicly available transcriptomics data and constrained with metabolomics data from our study. Metabolic modelling confirmed altered ceramide pathways, known to play an important role in immune regulation, as specifically associated with type 1 diabetes progression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data suggest that systemic dysregulation of lipid metabolism, as observed in plasma, may impact the metabolism and function of immune cells during progression to overt type 1 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY The GEMs for PBMCs have been submitted to BioModels (www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/), under accession number MODEL1905270001. The metabolomics datasets and the clinical metadata generated in this study were submitted to MetaboLights (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/), under accession number MTBLS1015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partho Sen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Alex M Dickens
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - María Asunción López-Bascón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Tuomas Lindeman
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Esko Kemppainen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Santosh Lamichhane
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuukka Rönkkö
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Mikael Knip
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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25
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Patra MC, Batool M, Haseeb M, Choi S. A Computational Probe into the Structure and Dynamics of the Full-Length Toll-Like Receptor 3 in a Phospholipid Bilayer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082857. [PMID: 32325904 PMCID: PMC7215789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) provides the host with antiviral defense by initiating an immune signaling cascade for the production of type I interferons. The X-ray structures of isolated TLR3 ectodomain (ECD) and transmembrane (TM) domains have been reported; however, the structure of a membrane-solvated, full-length receptor remains elusive. We investigated an all-residue TLR3 model embedded inside a phospholipid bilayer using molecular dynamics simulations. The TLR3-ECD exhibited a ~30°–35° tilt on the membrane due to the electrostatic interaction between the N-terminal subdomain and phospholipid headgroups. Although the movement of dsRNA did not affect the dimer integrity of TLR3, its sugar-phosphate backbone was slightly distorted with the orientation of the ECD. TM helices exhibited a noticeable tilt and curvature but maintained a consistent crossing angle, avoiding the hydrophobic mismatch with the bilayer. Residues from the αD helix and the CD and DE loops of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains were partially absorbed into the lower leaflet of the bilayer. We found that the previously unknown TLR3-TIR dimerization interface could be stabilized by the reciprocal contact between αC and αD helices of one subunit and the αC helix and the BB loop of the other. Overall, the present study can be helpful to understand the signaling-competent form of TLR3 in physiological environments.
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26
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Yang X, Yu D, Xue L, Li H, Du J. Probiotics modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis and improve memory deficits in aged SAMP8 mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:475-487. [PMID: 32140393 PMCID: PMC7049608 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ProBiotic-4 is a probiotic preparation composed of Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. This study aims to investigate the effects of ProBiotic-4 on the microbiota–gut–brain axis and cognitive deficits, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. ProBiotic-4 was orally administered to 9-month-old SAMP8 mice for 12 weeks. We observed that ProBiotic-4 significantly improved the memory deficits, cerebral neuronal and synaptic injuries, glial activation, and microbiota composition in the feces and brains of aged SAMP8 mice. ProBiotic-4 substantially attenuated aging-related disruption of the intestinal barrier and blood–brain barrier, decreased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α at both mRNA and protein levels, reduced plasma and cerebral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation in the brain. In addition, not only did ProBiotic-4 significantly decreased the levels of γ-H2AX, 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine, and retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), it also abrogated RIG-I multimerization in the brain. These findings suggest that targeting gut microbiota with probiotics may have a therapeutic potential for the deficits of the microbiota–gut–brain axis and cognitive function in aging, and that its mechanism is associated with inhibition of both TLR4-and RIG-I-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory responses.
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Key Words
- 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine
- AAMI, age-associated memory impairment
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- CFU, colony-forming units
- Cognitive decline
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- F/B, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- Iba-1, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MCI, mild cognitive impairment
- Microbiota–gut–brain axis
- NF-κB
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- NMDS, non-metric multidimensional scaling
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- Probiotics
- RIG-I
- RIG-I, retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I
- SAMP8 mice
- SAMP8, senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8
- SYN, synaptophysin
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TLR4
- TLR4, toll-like receptor 4
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial-cadherin
- ZO-1, zona occluden-1
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27
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Loschwitz J, Olubiyi OO, Hub JS, Strodel B, Poojari CS. Computer simulations of protein-membrane systems. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 170:273-403. [PMID: 32145948 PMCID: PMC7109768 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between proteins and membranes play critical roles in signal transduction, cell motility, and transport, and they are involved in many types of diseases. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have greatly contributed to our understanding of protein-membrane interactions, promoted by a dramatic development of MD-related software, increasingly accurate force fields, and available computer power. In this chapter, we present available methods for studying protein-membrane systems with MD simulations, including an overview about the various all-atom and coarse-grained force fields for lipids, and useful software for membrane simulation setup and analysis. A large set of case studies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Loschwitz
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Olujide O Olubiyi
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Jochen S Hub
- Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Chetan S Poojari
- Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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28
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Copoiu L, Malhotra S. The current structural glycome landscape and emerging technologies. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 62:132-139. [PMID: 32006784 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates represent one of the building blocks of life, along with nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Although glycans are involved in a wide range of processes from embryogenesis to protein trafficking and pathogen infection, we are still a long way from deciphering the glycocode. In this review, we aim to present a few of the challenges that researchers working in the area of glycobiology can encounter and what strategies can be utilised to overcome them. Our goal is to paint a comprehensive picture of the current saccharide landscape available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). We also review recently updated repositories relevant to the topic proposed, the impact of software development on strategies to structurally solve carbohydrate moieties, and state-of-the-art molecular and cellular biology methods that can shed some light on the function and structure of glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liviu Copoiu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Sony Malhotra
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom.
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29
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Nitta T, Kanoh H, Inamori KI, Suzuki A, Takahashi T, Inokuchi JI. Globo-series glycosphingolipids enhance Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammation and play a pathophysiological role in diabetic nephropathy. Glycobiology 2019; 29:260-268. [PMID: 30476082 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of glycosphingolipid (GSL) expression plays key roles in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of many important human diseases, including cancer, diabetes and glycosphingolipidosis. Inflammatory processes are involved in development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. GSLs are known to play roles in inflammatory responses in various diseases, and levels of renal GSLs are elevated in mouse models of diabetic nephropathy; however, little is known regarding the pathophysiological role of these GSLs in this disease process. We studied proinflammatory activity of GSLs in diabetic nephropathy using spontaneously diabetic mouse strain KK. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% kcal from fat) or normal diet (ND) (4.6% kcal from fat) for a period of 8 wk. HFD-feeding resulted in quantitative and qualitative changes of renal globo-series GSLs (particularly Gb3Cer), upregulation of TNF-α, and induction of renal inflammation. Gb3Cer/Gb4Cer treatment enhanced inflammatory responses via TLR4 in TLR4/MD-2 complex expressing cells, including HEK293T, mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and human monocytes. Our findings suggest that HFD-induced increase of Gb3Cer/Gb4Cer positively modulate TLR4-mediated inflammatory response, and that such GSLs play an important pathophysiological role in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nitta
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kanoh
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Inamori
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akemi Suzuki
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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30
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Zhang T, de Waard AA, Wuhrer M, Spaapen RM. The Role of Glycosphingolipids in Immune Cell Functions. Front Immunol 2019; 10:90. [PMID: 30761148 PMCID: PMC6361815 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) exhibit a variety of functions in cellular differentiation and interaction. Also, they are known to play a role as receptors in pathogen invasion. A less well-explored feature is the role of GSLs in immune cell function which is the subject of this review article. Here we summarize knowledge on GSL expression patterns in different immune cells. We review the changes in GSL expression during immune cell development and differentiation, maturation, and activation. Furthermore, we review how immune cell GSLs impact membrane organization, molecular signaling, and trans-interactions in cellular cross-talk. Another aspect covered is the role of GSLs as targets of antibody-based immunity in cancer. We expect that recent advances in analytical and genome editing technologies will help in the coming years to further our knowledge on the role of GSLs as modulators of immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Antonius A de Waard
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robbert M Spaapen
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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