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Amor M, Diaz M, Bianco V, Svecla M, Schwarz B, Rainer S, Pirchheim A, Schooltink L, Mukherjee S, Grabner GF, Beretta G, Lamina C, Norata GD, Hackl H, Kratky D. Identification of regulatory networks and crosstalk factors in brown adipose tissue and liver of a cold-exposed cardiometabolic mouse model. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:298. [PMID: 39143620 PMCID: PMC11325583 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) has gained attention due to its ability to dissipate energy and counteract cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). METHODS This study investigated the consequences of cold exposure on the BAT and liver proteomes of an established CMD mouse model based on LDL receptor-deficient (LdlrKO) mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose, high-cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. We analyzed energy metabolism in vivo and performed untargeted proteomics on BAT and liver of LdlrKO mice maintained at 22 °C or 5 °C for 7 days. RESULTS We identified several dysregulated pathways, miRNAs, and transcription factors in BAT and liver of cold-exposed Ldlrko mice that have not been previously described in this context. Networks of regulatory interactions based on shared downstream targets and analysis of ligand-receptor pairs identified fibrinogen alpha chain (FGA) and fibronectin 1 (FN1) as potential crosstalk factors between BAT and liver in response to cold exposure. Importantly, genetic variations in the genes encoding FGA and FN1 have been associated with cardiometabolic-related phenotypes and traits in humans. DISCUSSION This study describes the key factors, pathways, and regulatory networks involved in the crosstalk between BAT and the liver in a cold-exposed CMD mouse model. These findings may provide a basis for future studies aimed at testing whether molecular mediators, as well as regulatory and signaling mechanisms involved in tissue adaption upon cold exposure, could represent a target in cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Amor
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Malena Diaz
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Monika Svecla
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Schwarz
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Silvia Rainer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Anita Pirchheim
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Laszlo Schooltink
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Suravi Mukherjee
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Gernot F Grabner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, Graz, 8010, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Tam E, Nguyen K, Sung HK, Sweeney G. MitoNEET preserves muscle insulin sensitivity during iron overload by regulating mitochondrial iron, reactive oxygen species and fission. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38944692 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) is known to contribute to metabolic dysfunctions such as type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Using L6 skeletal muscle cells overexpressing the CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 (CISD1, also known as mitoNEET) (mitoN) protein, we examined the potential role of MitoN in preventing IO-induced insulin resistance. In L6 control cells, IO resulted in insulin resistance which could be prevented by MitoN as demonstrated by western blot of p-Akt and Akt biosensor cells. Mechanistically, IO increased; mitochondrial iron accumulation, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fis1-dependent mitochondrial fission, mitophagy, FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) expression, and decreased Parkin. MitoN overexpression was able to reduce increases in mitochondrial iron accumulation, mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial fission, mitophagy and FUNDC1 upregulation due to IO. MitoN did not have any effect on the IO-induced downregulation of Parkin. MitoN alone also upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) protein levels, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. The use of mitochondrial antioxidant, Skq1, or fission inhibitor, Mdivi-1, prevented IO-induced insulin resistance implying both mitochondrial ROS and fission play a causal role in the development of insulin resistance. Taken together, MitoN is able to confer protection against IO-induced insulin resistance in L6 skeletal muscle cells through regulation of mitochondrial iron content, mitochondrial ROS, and mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Tam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Khang Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
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Mo M, Pan L, Deng L, Liang M, Xia N, Liang Y. Iron Overload Induces Hepatic Ferroptosis and Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting the Jak2/stat3/slc7a11 Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01315-8. [PMID: 38801513 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that patients with iron overload had increased risk of insulin resistance or diabetes. Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death mainly caused by iron-dependent oxidative damage. In the present study, we investigated potential mechanisms of iron overload induced hepatic ferroptosis and insulin resistance through in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vivo, the mice models of iron overload were established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. The changes of body weight, serum ferritin and blood glucose were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Perl's stainings were used to observe the pathological changes and iron deposition in the liver of mice. In vitro, HepG2 cells were treated with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC, 9 mmol/L, 24 h) to establish the cell models of iron overload. The labile iron pool, cell viability, glucose consumption and glycogen contents were measured. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) kits were used to detect lipid peroxidation in liver tissues of mice and HepG2 cells. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of ferroptosis factors and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. In this study, we used the iron chelator deferasirox in mice and HepG2 cells. Iron overload caused weight loss, elevated serum ferritin, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, impaired glucose tolerance, and decreased insulin sensitivity in mice. HE staining and Perls staining showed clumps of iron deposition in the liver of iron overload mice. Iron overload could reduce the glucose consumption, increase MDA contents of HepG2 cells, while reduce glycogen and GSH contents in liver tissues of mice and HepG2 cells. TEM showed deletion of mitochondrial ridge and rupture of outer membrane in HepG2 cells with iron overload. Iron chelator deferasirox could significantly improve the above indicators, which might be related to the activation of JAK2/STAT3/SLC7A11 signaling pathway and hepatic ferroptosis. Iron overload could induce hepatic ferroptosis and insulin resistance by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3/SLC7A11 signaling pathway, and the iron chelator deferasirox might improve hepatic insulin resistance induced by iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqiu Mo
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Min Liang
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Xia
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yuzhen Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Nguyen K, Tang J, Cho S, Ying F, Sung HK, Jahng JW, Pantopoulos K, Sweeney G. Salubrinal promotes phospho-eIF2α-dependent activation of UPR leading to autophagy-mediated attenuation of iron-induced insulin resistance. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101921. [PMID: 38527647 PMCID: PMC11027572 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Identification of new mechanisms mediating insulin sensitivity is important to allow validation of corresponding therapeutic targets. In this study, we first used a cellular model of skeletal muscle cell iron overload and found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance occurred after iron treatment. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using cells engineered to express an Akt biosensor, based on nuclear FoxO localization, as well as western blotting for insulin signaling proteins. Use of salubrinal to elevate eIF2α phosphorylation and promote the unfolded protein response (UPR) attenuated iron-induced insulin resistance. Salubrinal induced autophagy flux and its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity were not observed in autophagy-deficient cells generated by overexpressing a dominant-negative ATG5 mutant or via knockout of ATG7. This indicated the beneficial effect of salubrinal-induced UPR activation was autophagy-dependent. We translated these observations to an animal model of systemic iron overload-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance where administration of salubrinal as pretreatment promoted eIF2α phosphorylation, enhanced autophagic flux in skeletal muscle and improved insulin responsiveness. Together, our results show that salubrinal elicited an eIF2α-autophagy axis leading to improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity both in vitro and in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khang Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jialing Tang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sungji Cho
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fan Ying
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Fan L, Li L, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Wang F, Wang Q, Ma Z, He S, Qiu J, Zhang J, Li J, Chang Z, Zhang Y. Antagonizing Effects of Chromium Against Iron-Decreased Glucose Uptake by Regulating ROS-Mediated PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 Signaling Pathway in C2C12. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:701-712. [PMID: 37156991 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of chromium and iron on glucose metabolism via the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway. Skeletal muscle gene microarray data in T2DM (GSE7014) was selected using Gene Expression Omnibus database. Element-gene interaction datasets of chromium and iron were extracted from comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). Gene ontology (GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID online tool. Cell viability, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and protein expression level were measured in C2C12 cells. The bioinformatics research indicated that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway participated in the effects of chromium and iron associated with T2DM. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake level was significantly higher in chromium picolinate (Cr group) and lower in ammonium iron citrate (FA group) than that for the control group (P < 0.05); chromium picolinate + ammonium iron citrate (Cr + FA group) glucose uptake level was higher than that for the FA group (P < 0.05). Intracellular ROS level was significantly higher in the FAC group than that for the control group (P < 0.05), and that for the Cr + FA group was lower than that for the FA group (P < 0.05). p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and GLUT4 levels were significantly lower in the FA group than that for the control group (P < 0.05), and the Cr + FA group had higher levels than the FA group (P < 0.05). Chromium might have a protective effect on iron-induced glucose metabolism abnormalities through the ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fan
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Faxuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Qingan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhanbing Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shulan He
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jiangwei Qiu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhenqi Chang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
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Lu B, Guo S, Zhao J, Wang X, Zhou B. Adipose knockout of H-ferritin improves energy metabolism in mice. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101871. [PMID: 38184276 PMCID: PMC10803945 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ferritin, the principal iron storage protein, is essential to iron homeostasis. How iron homeostasis affects the adipose tissue is not well understood. We investigated the role of ferritin heavy chain in adipocytes in energy metabolism. METHODS We generated adipocyte-specific ferritin heavy chain (Fth, also known as Fth1) knockout mice, herein referred to as FthAKO. These mice were analyzed for iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis and activity, adaptive thermogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic measurements. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts and primary mouse adipocytes were used for in vitro experiments. RESULTS In FthAKO mice, the adipose iron homeostasis was disrupted, accompanied by elevated expression of adipokines, dramatically induced heme oxygenase 1(Hmox1) expression, and a notable decrease in the mitochondrial ROS level. Cytosolic ROS elevation in the adipose tissue of FthAKO mice was very mild, and we only observed this in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) but not in the white adipose tissue (WAT). FthAKO mice presented an altered metabolic profile and showed increased insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and improved adaptive thermogenesis. Interestingly, loss of ferritin resulted in enhanced mitochondrial respiration capacity and a preference for lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ferritin in adipocytes is indispensable to intracellular iron homeostasis and regulates systemic lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jialin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Lin LC, Liu ZY, Yang JJ, Zhao JY, Tao H. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in cardiac fibrosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:164-175. [PMID: 37949734 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a critical pathophysiological process that occurs with diverse types of cardiac injury. Lipids are the most important bioenergy substrates for maintaining optimal heart performance and act as second messengers to transduce signals within cardiac cells. However, lipid metabolism reprogramming is a double-edged sword in the regulation of cardiomyocyte homeostasis and heart function. Moreover, lipids can exert diverse effects on cardiac fibrosis through different signaling pathways. In this review, we provide a brief overview of aberrant cardiac lipid metabolism and recent progress in pharmacological research targeting lipid metabolism alterations in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Wu C, Zhang W, Yan F, Dai W, Fang F, Gao Y, Cui W. Amelioration effects of the soybean lecithin-gallic acid complex on iron-overload-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in C57BL/6J mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:37-49. [PMID: 36573499 PMCID: PMC9809354 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2151632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gallic acid (GA) and lecithin showed important roles in antioxidant and drug delivery, respectively. A complex synthesized from GA and soybean lecithin (SL-GAC), significantly improved bioavailability of GA and pharmacological activities. However, the antioxidant activity of SL-GAC and its effect on iron-overload-induced liver injury remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the antioxidant properties of SL-GAC in vitro and in mice, and its remediating effects against liver injury by iron-overloaded. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and ferric reducing power of SL-GAC were measured by absorbance photometry. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were randomized into 4 groups: control, iron-overloaded, iron-overloaded + deferoxamine, and iron-overloaded + SL-GAC. Treatments with deferoxamine (150 mg/kg/intraperitioneally) and SL-GAC (200 mg/kg/orally) were given to the desired groups for 12 weeks, daily. Iron levels, oxidative stress, and biochemical parameters were determined by histopathological examination and molecular biological techniques. RESULTS In vitro, SL-GAC showed DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging activity with IC50 values equal to 24.92 and 128.36 μg/mL, respectively. In C57BL/6J mice, SL-GAC significantly reduced the levels of serum iron (22.82%), liver iron (50.29%), aspartate transaminase (25.97%), alanine transaminase (38.07%), gamma glutamyl transferase (42.11%), malondialdehyde (19.82%), total cholesterol (45.96%), triglyceride (34.90%), ferritin light chain (18.51%) and transferrin receptor (27.39%), while up-regulated the levels of superoxide dismutase (24.69%), and glutathione (11.91%). CONCLUSIONS These findings encourage the use of SL-GAC to treat liver injury induced by iron-overloaded. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to validate its potential in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenwen Dai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanli Gao
- Department of Pediatric Ultrosonic, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Fu D, Liang X, Jiang Y, Liu J, Lin X, Yang Q, Chen X, Huang P, Wang W, Wu W. Iron blocks autophagic flux and induces autophagosomes accumulation in microglia. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 181:114054. [PMID: 37777083 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential dietary micronutrient for maintaining physiological homeostasis. However, disruption of cerebral iron regulation with the accumulation of iron in different brain structures appears to have a role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders. Studies have reported that autophagy induction could potentially mitigate progression in neurodegenerative diseases with iron deposition, but the relationship between autophagy and iron remains poorly understood. Meanwhile, abnormal autophagy in microglia is closely related to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the effect of iron on microglia autophagy needs to be elaborated. In the present study, we found that iron induces autophagosome accumulation but inhibits its initiation in an Akt-mTOR pathway independent manner. Meanwhile, it caused autophagy flux defects and dysfunction of lysosomes. We also found that iron overload reduced the expression of Rab7, which is an essential protein for the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. These results suggest that iron induces the accumulation of autophagosome in microglia and disrupts the autophagic flux in late stage of autophagy. Therefore, our work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of iron neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqiang Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xingyue Liang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; School of Advance Manufacture, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362251, China
| | - Yuxuan Jiang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Jieping Liu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xiaosi Lin
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Quan Yang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xue Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Wenlin Wu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; School of Advance Manufacture, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362251, China.
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Walter S, Mertens C, Muckenthaler MU, Ott C. Cardiac iron metabolism during aging - Role of inflammation and proteolysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 215:111869. [PMID: 37678569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant trace element in the human body. Since iron can switch between its 2-valent and 3-valent form it is essential in various physiological processes such as energy production, proliferation or DNA synthesis. Especially high metabolic organs such as the heart rely on iron-associated iron-sulfur and heme proteins. However, due to switches in iron oxidation state, iron overload exhibits high toxicity through formation of reactive oxygen species, underlining the importance of balanced iron levels. Growing evidence demonstrates disturbance of this balance during aging. While age-associated cardiovascular diseases are often related to iron deficiency, in physiological aging cardiac iron accumulates. To understand these changes, we focused on inflammation and proteolysis, two hallmarks of aging, and their role in iron metabolism. Via the IL-6-hepcidin axis, inflammation and iron status are strongly connected often resulting in anemia accompanied by infiltration of macrophages. This tight connection between anemia and inflammation highlights the importance of the macrophage iron metabolism during inflammation. Age-related decrease in proteolytic activity additionally affects iron balance due to impaired degradation of iron metabolism proteins. Therefore, this review accentuates alterations in iron metabolism during aging with regards to inflammation and proteolysis to draw attention to their implications and associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Walter
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Mertens
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Center for Translational Biomedical Iron Research, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Immunology, and Hematology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Wuppertal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Zangiabadi S, Chamoun KP, Nguyen K, Tang Y, Sweeney G, Abdul-Sater AA. Copper infused fabric attenuates inflammation in macrophages. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287741. [PMID: 37713400 PMCID: PMC10503751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While inflammation is an important immune response for protection from infections, excessive or prolonged inflammation can lead to a variety of debilitating diseases including skin disease, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Inflammation is a graded response that is typically initiated when resident macrophages sense the presence of pathogens or damage in the tissue and produce inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to kill the pathogen, clear debris and dead tissue, and initiate tissue repair. Here we show that copper-infused fabrics can prevent inflammation by blocking the production of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages after being exposed to LPS, a component of bacterial cell wall. Mechanistically, we show that copper-infused fabrics can significantly reduce the NF-κB and IRF3 activation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Given the importance of excessive inflammation in diabetes, we show that copper can reduce insulin resistance mediated by inflammatory cytokines in muscle cells. Our data show that copper infused fabrics may be useful to reduce excessive inflammation in macrophages and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Zangiabadi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Khalil P. Chamoun
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Khang Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yitian Tang
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A. Abdul-Sater
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Ardekani AM, Nava ZH, Zaman BA, Vahdat S, Lame-Jouybari AH, Mivefroshan A. The association between lipid profile, oxidized LDL and the components of metabolic syndrome with serum mineral status and kidney function in individuals with obesity. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:196. [PMID: 37670399 PMCID: PMC10481520 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is presented with a cluster of cardio-metabolic risk factors with widespread prevalence. In the present case-control study, we aimed to examine the relationship between several minerals and renal function tests with the components of MetS in individuals with obesity. METHODS This study included 127 individuals with obesity of both gender with or without MetS as the case and control, respectively. MetS was characterized based on the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were recorded. Mineral status including serum magnesium, copper, calcium, phosphorous, and iron were measured using standard colorimetric methods. Also, the serum lipid levels, concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), and renal function tests, including total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, and uric acid were evaluated using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS According to our results, individuals with obesity and MetS had higher levels of waist circumference (WC) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05) compared to individuals with obesity and without MetS. Moreover, individuals with obesity and MetS had higher levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), insulin, and iron (P < 0.05). In individuals with obesity and MetS, iron and albumin showed a positive relationship with LDL cholesterol and TG concentrations, respectively (P < 0.05 for all of them). Also, there was a positive association between serum magnesium and Ox- LDL in individuals with obesity with MetS. While, in individuals with obesity and without MetS, only a positive association between urea and uric acid with WC was observed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that disturbed serum lipids in obesity-metabolic syndrome is associated with homeostatic changes in the level of minerals or proteins that are involved in their metabolism. Although, further studies are needed to better explain and clarify the underlying mechanism of observed relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science, & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Hamidi Nava
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Burhan Abdullah Zaman
- Medical Physiology, Basic Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Sahar Vahdat
- Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Khorshid Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Azam Mivefroshan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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13
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Wang Y, Yue S, Cai F, Zhu W, Zhong Y, Chen J, Li C. Treatment of berberine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by reducing iron overload and inhibiting oxidative stress. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1009-1016. [PMID: 36861878 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become one of the major fatal factors in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to elucidate the function and mechanism by which berberine exerts renoprotective effects in DN. In this work, we first demonstrated that urinary iron concentration, serum ferritin and hepcidin levels were increased and total antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased in DN rats, while these changes could be partially reversed by berberine treatment. Berberine treatment also alleviated DN-induced changes in the expression of proteins involved in iron transport or iron uptake. In addition, berberine treatment also partially blocked the expression of renal fibrosis markers induced by DN, including MMP2, MMP9, TIMP3, β-arrestin-1, and TGF-β1. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that berberine may exert renoprotective effects by ameliorating iron overload and oxidative stress and reducing DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- Department of Hemodialysis, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Xiangya, China
| | - Shuling Yue
- Department Renal Pathology, King Medical Diagnostics Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department Ophthalmology, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Xiangya, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhong
- Deparment of Hemodialysis, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Xiangya, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Deparment of Hemodialysis, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Xiangya, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Xiangya, China.
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14
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Tam E, Sung HK, Sweeney G. MitoNEET prevents iron overload-induced insulin resistance in H9c2 cells through regulation of mitochondrial iron. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1867-1875. [PMID: 37269467 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) induces insulin resistance in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Here, we used H9c2 cells overexpressing MitoNEET to examine the potential for protection against iron accumulation in the mitochondria and subsequent insulin resistance. In control H9c2 cells, IO was observed to increase mitochondrial iron content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial fission, and reduced insulin-stimulated Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. IO did not significantly affect mitophagy, or mitochondrial content, however, an increase in peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) protein expression, a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, was observed. MitoNEET overexpression was able to attenuate the effects of IO on mitochondrial iron content, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial fission, and insulin signaling. MitoNEET overexpression also upregulated levels of PGC1α protein. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, Skq1, prevented IO-induced ROS production and insulin resistance in control cells, indicating mitochondrial ROS plays a causal role in the onset of insulin resistance. The selective mitochondrial fission inhibitor, Mdivi-1, prevented IO-induced mitochondrial fission, however, it did not alleviate IO-induced insulin resistance. Collectively, IO causes insulin resistance in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and this can be averted by reduction of mitochondrial iron accumulation and ROS production by overexpression of the MitoNEET protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Tam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hye K Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Ghazaiean M, Aliasgharian A, Karami H, Darvishi-Khezri H. Ebselen: A promising therapy protecting cardiomyocytes from excess iron in iron-overloaded thalassemia patients. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230733. [PMID: 37465348 PMCID: PMC10350894 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron-overload-associated cardiomyopathy has been one of the primary causes of mortality in thalassemia patients with iron burden. There is growing evidence citing the beneficial effects of ebselen as an antioxidant selectively blocking the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1) to deter iron ingress into cardiomyocytes, raising internets in viewing this component in this population in order to treat and even prevent cardiomyopathy occurring from iron surplus. In this article, we reviewed the potential advantageous effects of ebselen in thalassemia patients who suffer from iron excess, susceptible to cardiomyopathy induced by iron overload. A systematic search in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, was conducted to explore the role of ebselen in controlling iron-overload-related cardiomyopathy in thalassemia patients by the keywords of Ebselen AND iron. The inclusion criteria were English-written preclinical and clinical studies investigating the efficacy and side effects of ebselen in an iron-overload context. After searching the databases, 44 articles were found. Next, of 19 published articles, 3 were included in this article. After reviewing the references of the included studies, no articles were added. In conclusion ebselen can be a promising adjuvant therapy in patients with thalassemia alongside the standard treatment with iron chelators, particularly in severe cases with cardiomyopathy, due to falling iron inflow by inhibiting DMT-1 and increasing ferroportin-1 expression and antioxidant properties. However, clinical studies need to be carried out to reach a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobin Ghazaiean
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Aily Aliasgharian
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Karami
- Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hadi Darvishi-Khezri
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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16
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Charlebois E, Pantopoulos K. Nutritional Aspects of Iron in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112441. [PMID: 37299408 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary iron assimilation is critical for health and essential to prevent iron-deficient states and related comorbidities, such as anemia. The bioavailability of iron is generally low, while its absorption and metabolism are tightly controlled to satisfy metabolic needs and prevent toxicity of excessive iron accumulation. Iron entry into the bloodstream is limited by hepcidin, the iron regulatory hormone. Hepcidin deficiency due to loss-of-function mutations in upstream gene regulators causes hereditary hemochromatosis, an endocrine disorder of iron overload characterized by chronic hyperabsorption of dietary iron, with deleterious clinical complications if untreated. The impact of high dietary iron intake and elevated body iron stores in the general population is not well understood. Herein, we summarize epidemiological data suggesting that a high intake of heme iron, which is abundant in meat products, poses a risk factor for metabolic syndrome pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. We discuss the clinical relevance and potential limitations of data from cohort studies, as well as the need to establish causality and elucidate molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Charlebois
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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17
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Reboucas P, Fillebeen C, Botta A, Cleverdon R, Steele AP, Richard V, Zahedi RP, Borchers CH, Burelle Y, Hawke TJ, Pantopoulos K, Sweeney G. Discovery-Based Proteomics Identify Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Alterations as an Early Metabolic Defect in a Mouse Model of β-Thalassemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054402. [PMID: 36901833 PMCID: PMC10002226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic complications are common in thalassemia patients, there is still an unmet need to better understand underlying mechanisms. We used unbiased global proteomics to reveal molecular differences between the th3/+ mouse model of thalassemia and wild-type control animals focusing on skeletal muscles at 8 weeks of age. Our data point toward a significantly impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we observed a shift from oxidative fibre types toward more glycolytic fibre types in these animals, which was further supported by larger fibre-type cross-sectional areas in the more oxidative type fibres (type I/type IIa/type IIax hybrid). We also observed an increase in capillary density in th3/+ mice, indicative of a compensatory response. Western blotting for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins and PCR analysis of mitochondrial genes indicated reduced mitochondrial content in the skeletal muscle but not the hearts of th3/+ mice. The phenotypic manifestation of these alterations was a small but significant reduction in glucose handling capacity. Overall, this study identified many important alterations in the proteome of th3/+ mice, amongst which mitochondrial defects leading to skeletal muscle remodelling and metabolic dysfunction were paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carine Fillebeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Amy Botta
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Riley Cleverdon
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alexandra P. Steele
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Vincent Richard
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - René P. Zahedi
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Thomas J. Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-736-2100 (ext. 66635)
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18
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Rosenblum SL. Inflammation, dysregulated iron metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1124178. [PMID: 36816471 PMCID: PMC9935942 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1124178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element associated with both pathologic deficiency and toxic overload. Thus, systemic and cell iron metabolism are highly controlled processes regulated by protein expression and localization, as well as turnover, through the action of cytokines and iron status. Iron metabolism in the heart is challenging because both iron overload and deficiency are associated with cardiac disease. Also associated with cardiovascular disease is inflammation, as many cardiac diseases are caused by or include an inflammatory component. In addition, iron metabolism and inflammation are closely linked. Hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron metabolism, is induced by the cytokine IL-6 and as such is among the acute phase proteins secreted by the liver as part of the inflammatory response. In an inflammatory state, systemic iron homeostasis is dysregulated, commonly resulting in hypoferremia, or low serum iron. Less well characterized is cardiac iron metabolism in general, and even less is known about how inflammation impacts heart iron handling. This review highlights what is known with respect to iron metabolism in the heart. Expression of iron metabolism-related proteins and processes of iron uptake and efflux in these cell types are outlined. Evidence for the strong co-morbid relationship between inflammation and cardiac disease is also reviewed. Known connections between inflammatory processes and iron metabolism in the heart are discussed with the goal of linking inflammation and iron metabolism in this tissue, a connection that has been relatively under-appreciated as a component of heart function in an inflammatory state. Therapeutic options connecting inflammation and iron balance are emphasized, with the main goal of this review being to bring attention to alterations in iron balance as a component of inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular system.
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19
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Alves FM, Ayton S, Bush AI, Lynch GS, Koopman R. Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Iron Homeostasis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:16-24. [PMID: 35869751 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related condition of slow, progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, which contributes to frailty, increased risk of hospitalization and mortality, and increased health care costs. The incidence of sarcopenia is predicted to increase to >200 million affected older adults worldwide over the next 40 years, highlighting the urgency for understanding biological mechanisms and developing effective interventions. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remains incomplete. Iron in the muscle is important for various metabolic functions, including oxygen supply and electron transfer during energy production, yet these same chemical properties of iron may be deleterious to the muscle when either in excess or when biochemically unshackled (eg, in ferroptosis), it can promote oxidative stress and induce inflammation. This review outlines the mechanisms leading to iron overload in muscle with aging and evaluates the evidence for the iron overload hypothesis of sarcopenia. Based on current evidence, studies are needed to (a) determine the mechanisms leading to iron overload in skeletal muscle during aging; and (b) investigate whether skeletal muscles are functionally deficient in iron during aging leading to impairments in oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M Alves
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - René Koopman
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Tam E, Sung HK, Lam NH, You S, Cho S, Ahmed SM, Abdul-Sater AA, Sweeney G. Role of Mitochondrial Iron Overload in Mediating Cell Death in H9c2 Cells. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010118. [PMID: 36611912 PMCID: PMC9818517 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) is associated with cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. Our study's aim was to examine the mechanism by which IO triggers cell death in H9c2 cells. IO caused accumulation of intracellular and mitochondrial iron as shown by the use of iron-binding fluorescent reporters, FerroOrange and MitoFerroFluor. Expression of cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms of Ferritin was also induced by IO. IO-induced iron accumulation and cellular ROS was rapid and temporally linked. ROS accumulation was detected in the cytosol and mitochondrial compartments with CellROX, DCF-DA and MitoSOX fluorescent dyes and partly reversed by the general antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine or the mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1. Antioxidants also reduced the downstream activation of apoptosis and lytic cell death quantified by Caspase 3 cleavage/activation, mitochondrial Cytochrome c release, Annexin V/Propidium iodide staining and LDH release of IO-treated cells. Finally, overexpression of MitoNEET, an outer mitochondrial membrane protein involved in the transfer of Fe-S clusters between mitochondrial and cytosol, was observed to lower iron and ROS accumulation in the mitochondria. These alterations were correlated with reduced IO-induced cell death by apoptosis in MitoNEET-overexpressing cells. In conclusion, IO mediates H9c2 cell death by causing mitochondrial iron accumulation and subsequent general and mitochondrial ROS upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Tam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hye Kyoung Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Nhat Hung Lam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sally You
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sungji Cho
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Saher M. Ahmed
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ali A. Abdul-Sater
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-736-2100 (ext. 66635)
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21
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Prasad M K, Mohandas S, Kunka Mohanram R. Role of ferroptosis inhibitors in the management of diabetes. Biofactors 2022; 49:270-296. [PMID: 36468443 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, the iron-dependent, lipid peroxide-mediated cell death, has garnered attention due to its critical involvement in crucial physiological and pathological cellular processes. Indeed, several studies have attributed its role in developing a range of disorders, including diabetes. As accumulating evidence further the understanding of ferroptotic mechanisms, the impact this specialized mode of cell death has on diabetic pathogenesis is still unclear. Several in vivo and in vitro studies have highlighted the association of ferroptosis with beta-cell death and insulin resistance, supported by observations of marked alterations in ferroptotic markers in experimental diabetes models. The constant improvement in understanding ferroptosis in diabetes has demonstrated it as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic management. In this regard, ferroptosis inhibitors promise to rescue pancreatic beta-cell function and alleviate diabetes and its complications. This review article elucidates the key ferroptotic pathways that mediate beta-cell death in diabetes, and its complications. In particular, we share our insight into the cross talk between ferroptosis and other hallmark pathogenic mediators such as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress regulators relevant to diabetes progression. Further, we extensively summarize the recent developments on the role of ferroptosis inhibitors and their therapeutic action in alleviating diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prasad M
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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22
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Luo L, Wang X, Wang H, Yang C, Zhang Y, Li X, Xu Z. High cathepsin A protein expression predicts poor prognosis and tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative hepatectomy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3843-3856. [PMID: 36119821 PMCID: PMC9441997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin A (CTSA) is overexpressed in various types of cancer and is linked to poor clinical outcomes. However, the clinical application of CTSA in HCC has not been explored. In this study, we examined the protein level of CTSA in the archived HCC samples from 161 patients by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). The high protein level of CTSA was significantly correlated to the poor clinicopathological parameters, such as TNM stage, serum AFP level, tumor differentiation, liver cirrhosis, Child-Pugh class, vascular invasion, tumor encapsulation, tumor recurrence, and patient death. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high CTSA expression was an independent prognostic factor of OS and RFS. We also analyzed the area under the curve (AUC) of the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of CTSA expression for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and RFS prediction. Furthermore, we constructed a nomogram that exhibited excellent prediction performance, which was validated by the calibration curve and decision curve analysis. Together, our study demonstrated that CTSA protein level is strongly associated with poor clinical outcome of HCC patients and may be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laibang Luo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huaxiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000, Hubei, China
- The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350025, Fujian, China
| | - Chengkai Yang
- The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350025, Fujian, China
| | - Youfu Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinchang Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhidan Xu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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23
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Tam E, Reno C, Nguyen K, Cho S, Sweeney G. Importance of Autophagy in Mediating Cellular Responses to Iron Overload in Cardiomyocytes. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:167. [PMID: 39077594 PMCID: PMC11273664 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2305167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Both iron overload and deficiency can promote development of cardiomyopathy. Advances in our knowledge from recent research have indicated numerous potential cellular mechanisms. Regulation of myocardial autophagy by iron is of particular interest and will be reviewed here. Autophagy is already well established to play a significant role in regulating the development of heart failure. This review will focus on regulation of autophagy by iron, crosstalk between autophagy and other cellular process which have also already been implicated in heart failure (oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ferroptosis) and the therapeutic potential of targeting these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Tam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Chloe Reno
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Khang Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sungji Cho
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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24
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Zheng Y, Hu Q, Wu J. Adiponectin ameliorates placental injury in gestational diabetes mice by correcting fatty acid oxidation/peroxide imbalance-induced ferroptosis via restoration of CPT-1 activity. Endocrine 2022; 75:781-793. [PMID: 34859390 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In gestational diabetes (GDM), abnormalities occur not only in glucose metabolism, but also in lipid metabolism. Adiponectin (ADPN) plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. In this paper, the role and mechanism of ADPN in GDM are discussed. METHODS GDM model was formed in pregnant mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin, and blood glucose level was detected after ADPN treatment. The levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C in blood lipid of mice were detected by biochemical apparatus. HE staining was used to detect the placenta damage in mice. The expression of oxidative stress-related indexes in placental tissues was also detected by ELISA. Placental iron deposition was detected by Prussian blue staining. Redox capacity of placental tissue was detected by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins in placental tissues. The expression of ADPN in placenta and peripheral blood was detected by ELISA, and the expression of ADPNR, downstream CPT-1, and GLUT4 of placenta were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. Subsequently, trophoblast cells were induced by palmitic acid and glucose, and the cell activity was detected by CCK-8. The results in animal experiments were verified in cell experiments by RT-qPCR, western blot, and fluorescence labeling of iron ions. Finally, ADPN and CPT-1 inhibitor PM were given to trophoblast cells to further explore the mechanism. RESULTS ADPN inhibited blood glucose and lipid levels in GDM mice. ADPN inhibited oxidation/peroxide imbalance-induced ferroptosis in placental tissues of GDM mice. ADPN inhibited the expression of CPT-1 and GLUT4 in placental tissues of GDM mice. This result was also confirmed in cell experiments, and this process may be achieved by regulating CPT-1. CONCLUSIONS ADPN ameliorated placental injury in GDM by correcting fatty acid oxidation/peroxide imbalance-induced ferroptosis via restoration of CPT-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030002, China
| | - Qiaosheng Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Lianshui, Jiangsu, 223400, China
| | - Jieli Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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Yu P, Zhang J, Ding Y, Chen D, Sun H, Yuan F, Li S, Li X, Yang P, Fu L, Yu S, Zhang J. Dexmedetomidine post-conditioning alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by ferroptosis inhibition via SLC7A11/GPX4 axis activation. Hum Cell 2022; 35:836-848. [PMID: 35212945 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The SLC7A11/GPX4 axis plays an important role in ferroptosis during cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine (DEX) post-conditioning on cardiac IRI and to explore whether the effect was achieved by SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway regulation. Rat myocardial IRI was established by occluding the left anterior descending artery for 30 min followed by 2-h reperfusion. The infarct area was detected by diphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining; the cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. The levels of lipid peroxide biomarkers were measured to estimate the injury caused by lipid peroxide. HE staining and Sirius staining were utilized to assess myocardial damage and fibrosis. The mitochondrial morphology was observed by electron micrography. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were employed to measure the relative molecular characteristics. Our results showed that DEX administration at the beginning of reperfusion attenuated IRI-induced myocardial injury, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibited the activation of SLC7A11/GPX4, and modulated the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, including SLC7A11, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain (FTH), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Conversely, the ferroptosis activator erastin partly suppressed the DEX-mediated cardio protection. Altogether, these results reveal that DEX inhibits ferroptosis by enhancing the expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4, thereby preventing cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, China
| | - Haijian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fenglai Yuan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214125, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Grade 2017, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaozhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Linghua Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuchun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jiru Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, China.
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Arif HM, Qian Z, Wang R. Signaling Integration of Hydrogen Sulfide and Iron on Cellular Functions. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:275-293. [PMID: 34498949 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous signaling molecule, regulating numerous physiological functions from vasorelaxation to neuromodulation. Iron is a well-known bioactive metal ion, being the central component of hemoglobin for oxygen transportation and participating in biomolecule degradation, redox balance, and enzymatic actions. The interplay between H2S and iron metabolisms and functions impacts significantly on the fate and wellness of different types of cells. Recent Advances: Iron level in vivo affects the production of H2S via nonenzymatic reactions. On the contrary, H2S quenches excessive iron inside the cells and regulates the redox status of iron. Critical Issues: Abnormal metabolisms of both iron and H2S are associated with various conditions and diseases such as iron overload, anemia, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular mechanisms for the interactions between H2S and iron are unsettled yet. Here we review signaling links of the production, metabolism, and their respective and integrative functions of H2S and iron in normalcy and diseases. Future Directions: Physiological and pathophysiological importance of H2S and iron as well as their therapeutic applications should be evaluated jointly, not separately. Future investigation should expand from iron-rich cells and tissues to the others, in which H2S and iron interaction has not received due attention. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 275-293.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhongming Qian
- Institute of Translational & Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
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27
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Zhou Y, Zhao X, Zhang L, Xia Q, Peng Y, Zhang H, Yan D, Yang Z, Li J. Iron overload inhibits cell proliferation and promotes autophagy via PARP1/SIRT1 signaling in endometriosis and adenomyosis. Toxicology 2022; 465:153050. [PMID: 34826546 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that excess iron accumulates in endometriotic and adenomyotic lesions. However, the role iron overload plays in the pathogenesis of endometriosis or adenomyosis remains unknown. Primary human eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EuESCs) from endometriosis or adenomyosis patients were used as the in vitro model of endometriosis or adenomyosis in this study. We found that iron, manifesting as ferric ammonium citrate (FAC; 0.05-4.8 mM), significantly inhibited cell growth, induced oxidative stress through the Fenton reaction, and functionally activated autophagy in EuESCs, as measured by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, MitoSOX™ Red staining, LC3 turnover assay, and tandem mCherry-eGFP-LC3B fluorescence microscopy. Immunohistochemistry analysis of Ki67 expression in proliferative-phase endometrial tissues revealed that cell proliferation in ectopic tissues was dramatically compromised, suggesting that iron overload may play a role in cell growth inhibition in vivo. We observed that autophagy may alleviate the FAC-induced inhibition of endometrial stromal cell proliferation. Furthermore, sequential FAC (0.8 mM, 24 h) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 300 μM, 2 h) treatment successfully induced the Fenton reaction in EuESCs and caused extensive apoptosis, whereas the disruption of autophagy by the knockdown of BECN1 further aggravated cell death. MitoSOX™ Red staining showed that autophagy may promote the survival of EuESCs by decreasing of the Fenton reaction-induced reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, we observed that the Fenton reaction-induced oxidative stress significantly suppressed iron overload-induced autophagy. Moreover, we found that FAC treatment impaired poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1 (PARP1) expression while simultaneously upregulating SIRT1 expression in EuESCs. Our data further showed that PARP1 expression decreased in endometriotic lesions, which may partially result from iron overload. We also found that PARP1 inhibition aggravated iron overload-induced cell growth suppression, and was implicated in iron overload-induced autophagy. In addition, SIRT1 silencing alleviated iron overload-induced PARP1 downregulation and autophagy activation. Overall, our data suggest that iron overload in endometrial stromal cells of endometriotic or adenomyotic lesions may be involved in the inhibition of cell proliferation, simultaneously with the activation of protective autophagy via PARP1/SIRT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiumin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qingqing Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yangying Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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28
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Yan A, Xie G, Ding X, Wang Y, Guo L. Effects of Lipid Overload on Heart in Metabolic Diseases. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:771-778. [PMID: 34891207 PMCID: PMC8664556 DOI: 10.1055/a-1693-8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are often associated with lipid and glucose metabolism abnormalities, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important development of metabolic diseases and a major cause of death. Lipids are the main fuel for energy metabolism in the heart. The increase of circulating lipids affects the uptake and utilization of fatty acids and glucose in the heart, and also affects mitochondrial function. In this paper, the mechanism of lipid overload in metabolic diseases leading to cardiac energy metabolism disorder is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Guinan Xie
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Xinya Ding
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
- Correspondence Yi Wang Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine300193 TianjinChina+86-22-59596555
| | - Liping Guo
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin,
China
- Liping Guo Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine300120 TianjinChina
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29
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Sun J, Liu X, Shen C, Zhang W, Niu Y. Adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon blocks skin inflamm-ageing by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13155. [PMID: 34725875 PMCID: PMC8666283 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skin is susceptible to senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and inflamm‐ageing partly owing to the degeneration of mitochondria. AdipoRon (AR) has protective effects on mitochondria in metabolic diseases such as diabetes. We explored the role of AR on mitochondria damage induced by skin inflamm‐ageing and its underlying mechanism. Methods Western blot, immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining were used to detect inflammatory factors and apoptosis during skin ageing. Transmission electron microscopy, ATP determination kit, CellLight Mitochondria GFP (Mito‐GFP), mitochondrial stress test, MitoSOX and JC‐1 staining were used to detect mitochondrial changes. Western blot was applied to explore the underlying mechanism. Flow cytometry, scratch test, Sulforhodamine B assay and wound healing test were used to detect the effects of AR on cell apoptosis, migration and proliferation. Results AR attenuated inflammatory factors and apoptosis that increased in aged skin, and improved mitochondrial morphology and function. This process at least partly depended on the suppression of dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1)‐mediated excessive mitochondrial division. More specifically, AR up‐regulated the phosphorylation of Drp1 at Serine 637 by activating AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby inhibiting the mitochondrial translocation of Drp1. Moreover, AR reduced mitochondrial fragmentation and the production of superoxide, preserved the membrane potential and permeability of mitochondria and accelerated wound healing in aged skin. Conclusion AR rescues the mitochondria in aged skin by suppressing its excessive division mediated by Drp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhu Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan'an Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuezeng Niu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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30
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Duan JY, Lin X, Xu F, Shan SK, Guo B, Li FXZ, Wang Y, Zheng MH, Xu QS, Lei LM, Ou-Yang WL, Wu YY, Tang KX, Yuan LQ. Ferroptosis and Its Potential Role in Metabolic Diseases: A Curse or Revitalization? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:701788. [PMID: 34307381 PMCID: PMC8299754 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.701788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is classified as an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD) attributed to the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides and redox imbalance. In recent years, accumulating researches have suggested that ferroptosis may play a vital role in the development of diverse metabolic diseases, for example, diabetes and its complications (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis [AS]), metabolic bone disease and adrenal injury. However, the specific physiopathological mechanism and precise therapeutic effect is still not clear. In this review, we summarized recent advances about the development of ferroptosis, focused on its potential character as the therapeutic target in metabolic diseases, and put forward our insights on this topic, largely to offer some help to forecast further directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yue Duan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Lu Ou-Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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31
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Bhat IA, Kabeer SW, Reza MI, Mir RH, Dar MO. AdipoRon: A Novel Insulin Sensitizer in Various Complications and the Underlying Mechanisms: A Review. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 13:94-107. [PMID: 31642417 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666191022102800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AdipoRon is the first synthetic analog of endogenous adiponectin, an adipose tissue-derived hormone. AdipoRon possesses pharmacological properties similar to adiponectin and its ability to bind and activate the adipoR1 and adipoR2 receptors makes it a suitable candidate for the treatment of a multitude of disorders. OBJECTIVE In the present review, an attempt was made to compile and discuss the efficacy of adipoRon against various disorders. RESULTS AdipoRon is a drug that acts not only in metabolic diseases but in other conditions unrelated to energy metabolism. It is well- reported that adipoRon exhibits strong anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti-depressant, anti-ischemic, anti-hypertrophic properties and also improves conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and systemic sclerosis. CONCLUSION A lot is known about its effects in experimental systems, but the translation of this knowledge to the clinic requires studies which, for many of the potential target conditions, have yet to be carried out. The beneficial effects of AdipoRon in novel clinical conditions will suggest an underlying pathophysiological role of adiponectin and its receptors in previously unsuspected settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab-160062, India
| | - Shaheen Wasil Kabeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab-160062, India
| | - Mohammad Irshad Reza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab-160062, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India
| | - Muhammad Ovais Dar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
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Modeling Secondary Iron Overload Cardiomyopathy with Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107886. [PMID: 32668256 PMCID: PMC7553857 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive iron accumulation in the heart causes iron overload cardiomyopathy (IOC), which initially presents as diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmia but progresses to systolic dysfunction and end-stage heart failure when left untreated. However, the mechanisms of iron-related cardiac injury and how iron accumulates in human cardiomyocytes are not well understood. Herein, using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs), we model IOC and screen for drugs to rescue the iron overload phenotypes. Human iPSC-CMs under excess iron exposure recapitulate early-stage IOC, including oxidative stress, arrhythmia, and contractile dysfunction. We find that iron-induced changes in calcium kinetics play a critical role in dysregulation of CM functions. We identify that ebselen, a selective divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) inhibitor and antioxidant, could prevent the observed iron overload phenotypes, supporting the role of DMT1 in iron uptake into the human myocardium. These results suggest that ebselen may be a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for treating patients with secondary iron overload.
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Buachan P, Namsa-Aid M, Sung HK, Peng C, Sweeney G, Tanechpongtamb W. Inhibitory effects of terrein on lung cancer cell metastasis and angiogenesis. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:94. [PMID: 33846818 PMCID: PMC8047749 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in cancer patients. Over 70% of lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced or metastatic stages, and this results in an increased incidence of mortality. Terrein is a secondary bioactive fungal metabolite isolated from Aspergillus terreus. Numerous studies have demonstrated that terrein has anticancer properties, but in the present study, the cellular mechanisms underlying the inhibition of lung cancer cell metastasis by terrein was investigated for the first time. Using MTT assays, the cytotoxic effects of terrein were first examined in human lung cancer cells (A549 cells) and then compared with its cytotoxic effects in three noncancer control cell lines (Vero kidney, L6 skeletal muscle and H9C2 cardiomyoblast cells). The results indicated that terrein significantly reduced the viability of all these cells but exhibited a different level of toxicity in each cell type; these results revealed a specific concentration range in which the effect of terrein was specific to A549 cells. This significant cytotoxic effect of terrein in A549 cells was verified using LDH assays. It was then demonstrated that terrein attenuated the proliferation of A549 cells using IncuCyte image analysis. Regarding its antimetastatic effects, terrein significantly inhibited A549 cell adhesion, migration and invasion. In addition, terrein suppressed the angiogenic processes of A549 cells, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, capillary-like tube formation and VEGF/VEGFR2 interaction. These phenomena were accompanied by reduced protein levels of integrins, FAK, and their downstream mediators (e.g., PI3K, AKT, mTORC1 and P70S6K). All these data indicated that terrein was able to inhibit all the major metastatic processes in human lung cancer cells, which is crucial for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paiwan Buachan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Maneekarn Namsa-Aid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Hye Kyoung Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Wanlaya Tanechpongtamb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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Zhang Z, Qin X, Wang Z, Li Y, Chen F, Chen R, Li C, Zhang W, Zhang M. Oxymatrine pretreatment protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:556. [PMID: 33850528 PMCID: PMC8027759 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) plays an important role in myocardial damage, which has been widely recognized as a key procedure in the cardiovascular disease. A hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was established using H9c2 cardiomyocytes to investigate the possible positive effect of oxymatrine (OMT), an alkaloid originating from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Aiton, on cardiomyocytes exposed to H/R injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase release measurements and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Oxidative stress was detected by measuring cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining and flow cytometric analysis, and the underlying mechanism was investigated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The results revealed that OMT increased the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to H/R. The OMT pretreatment decreased the production of MDA by reactive oxygen species and increased the activities of SOD and CAT. Furthermore, the OMT pretreatment reduced the expression of Bax and caspase-3, while inducing Bcl-2 expression. In addition, the protective effect of OMT was shown to be associated with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 attenuated the effects of OMT on the H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to H/R. These findings indicate that OMT could be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbai Zhang
- The Fourth Detachment, Armed Police and Coastal Police Corps, Wenchang, Hainan 571300, P.R. China
| | - Xueting Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Department of Human Morphology Section, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Municipal Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Health Service, The Second Mobile Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Rundu Chen
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatic Fibrosis and Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
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Li N, Jiang W, Wang W, Xiong R, Wu X, Geng Q. Ferroptosis and its emerging roles in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105466. [PMID: 33548489 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD) driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is morphologically and mechanistically distinct from other forms of RCD including apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis and necroptosis. Recently, ferroptosis has been found to participate in the development of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyopathy, heart failure, aortic dissection and stroke. Cardiovascular homeostasis is indulged in delicate equilibrium of assorted cell types composing the heart or vessels, and how ferroptosis contributes to the pathophysiological responses in CVD progression is unclear. Herein, we reviewed recent discoveries on the basis of ferroptosis and its involvement in CVD pathogenesis, together with related therapeutic potentials, aiming to provide insights on fundamental mechanisms of ferroptosis and implications in CVDs and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Pilar Vaquero M, Martínez-Suárez M, García-Quismondo Á, Del Cañizo FJ, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Diabesity negatively affects transferrin saturation and iron status. The DICARIVA study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 172:108653. [PMID: 33422582 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The relationship between iron status, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has scarcely been tested. This study hypothesizes that patients with obesity and T2DM have altered iron metabolism. METHODS 537 T2DM patients were selected from the cross-sectional DICARIVA study excluding patients with high-sensitivity-C-reactive-protein (hs-CRP) ≥ 10 mg/L. Three groups according to body mass index (BMI) and waist perimeter (WP) were analysed: a) BMI < 30 kg/m2, non-high WP (n = 105); b) BMI < 30 kg/m2, high WP (n = 202); and c) diabesity, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, high WP (n = 230). Group differences on cardiometabolic and iron status markers were tested. RESULTS Women had significantly lower iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) but higher transferrin and total iron binding capacity than men. Triglycerides/HDL-c ratio, as insulin-resistance (IR) marker, was higher in men while hs-CRP in women. TSAT was inversely related to BMI and hs-CRP. The diabesity group showed the highest hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and IR (p < 0.001) with the lowest TSAT (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Low TSAT was highly prevalent in diabesity, mainly in women, suggesting that IR, inflammation, and abdominal adiposity alter iron transport and accumulation. The convenience of iron supplementation in diabesity patients with low TSAT should be urgently assessed, due the pro-oxidant effects of excess iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pilar Vaquero
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miriam Martínez-Suárez
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel García-Quismondo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J Sánchez-Muniz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; The AFUSAN Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Huang DR, Dai CM, Li SY, Li XF. Obacunone protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from ultra-violet radiation-induced oxidative injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11010-11025. [PMID: 33535179 PMCID: PMC8109142 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-violet (UV) radiation (UVR) causes significant oxidative injury to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Obacunone is a highly oxygenated triterpenoid limonoid compound with various pharmacological properties. Its potential effect in RPE cells has not been studied thus far. Here in ARPE-19 cells and primary murine RPE cells, obacunone potently inhibited UVR-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, lipid peroxidation and single strand DNA accumulation. UVR-induced RPE cell death and apoptosis were largely alleviated by obacunone. Obacunone activated Nrf2 signaling cascade in RPE cells, causing Keap1-Nrf2 disassociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation. It promoted transcription and expression of antioxidant responsive element-dependent genes. Nrf2 silencing or CRISPR/Cas9-induced Nrf2 knockout almost reversed obacunone-induced RPE cytoprotection against UVR. Forced activation of Nrf2 cascade, by Keap1 knockout, similarly protected RPE cells from UVR. Importantly, obacunone failed to offer further RPE cytoprotection against UVR in Keap1-knockout cells. In vivo, intravitreal injection of obacunone largely inhibited light-induced retinal damage. Collectively, obacunone protects RPE cells from UVR-induced oxidative injury through activation of Nrf2 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Chang-Ming Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Shu-Yan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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Dahyaleh K, Sung HK, Prioriello M, Rengasamy P, Lam NH, Kim JB, Gross S, Sweeney G. Iron overload reduces adiponectin receptor expression via a ROS/FOXO1-dependent mechanism leading to adiponectin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5339-5351. [PMID: 33432609 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) is a common yet underappreciated finding in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. With the prevalence of MetS continuing to rise, it is imperative to further elucidate cellular mechanisms leading to metabolic dysfunction. Adiponectin has many beneficial effects and is a therapeutic target for the treatment of MetS and cardiovascular diseases. IO positively correlates with reduced circulating adiponectin levels yet the impact of IO on adiponectin action is unknown. Here, we established a model of IO in L6 skeletal muscle cells and found that IO-induced adiponectin resistance. This was shown via reduced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in response to the small molecule adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) agonist, AdipoRon, in presence of IO. This correlated with reduced messenger RNA and protein levels of AdipoR1 and its facilitative signaling binding partner, APPL1. IO caused phosphorylation, nuclear extrusion, and thus inhibition of FOXO1, a known transcription factor regulating AdipoR1 expression. The antioxidant N-acetyl cystine attenuated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by IO, and blunted its effect on FOXO1 phosphorylation and removal from the nucleus, as well as subsequent adiponectin resistance. In conclusion, our study identifies a ROS/FOXO1/AdipoR1 axis as a cause of skeletal muscle adiponectin resistance in response to IO. This new knowledge provides insight into a cellular mechanism with potential relevance to disease pathophysiology in MetS patients with IO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye K Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Nhat H Lam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jae B Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sean Gross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
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Kuhn J, Sultan DL, Waqas B, Ellison T, Kwong J, Kim C, Hassan A, Rabbani PS, Ceradini DJ. Nrf2-activating Therapy Accelerates Wound Healing in a Model of Cutaneous Chronic Venous Insufficiency. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e3006. [PMID: 33299679 PMCID: PMC7722614 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) stems from venous hypertension, extravasation of blood, and iron-rich skin deposits. The latter is central to ulcer development through generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that drive persistent local inflammation and the development of lipodermatosclerosis. The ability to study CVI cutaneous inflammation is fundamental to advancing therapies. To address this end, a novel protocol was adapted to investigate cutaneous wound healing in iron-induced inflammation. Methods: Mice were injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with iron-dextran, and excisional wounding was performed. Histologic and biomolecular analysis was performed. Results: Iron loading was associated with dense iron deposits similar to those in chronic venous stasis. Subcutaneous but not intraperitoneal loading resulted in dermal collagen expansion. Iron overload was associated with atypical antioxidant expression as compared to vehicle controls (p < 0.0001) as well as delayed wound healing by 3-4 days. A potent activator of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a major transcriptional regulator of redox status, was applied to establish therapeutic efficacy. Nrf2 activation in the wound resulted in significant reduction of closure times across all experimental arms. Antioxidant expression following topical treatment was significantly increased for intraperitoneally iron-loaded mice (p < 0.0001) but did not achieve significance for the subcutaneously-loaded animals. Conclusions: We have characterized a novel model of cutaneous iron-overload designed to advance our understanding of dysfunctional wound healing in CVI. Cutaneous changes of iron overload coincide with redox imbalance and delayed wound healing. By activating Nrf2, we demonstrate the regenerative potential of pro-antioxidant mediators in treating CVI related wound complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kuhn
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Darren L Sultan
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Bukhtawar Waqas
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Trevor Ellison
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Jennifer Kwong
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Camille Kim
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Absara Hassan
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Piul S Rabbani
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
| | - Daniel J Ceradini
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y
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Yoon N, Kim S, Sung HK, Dang TQ, Jeon JS, Sweeney G. Use of 2-dimensional cell monolayers and 3-dimensional microvascular networks on microfluidic devices shows that iron increases transendothelial adiponectin flux via inducing ROS production. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129796. [PMID: 33212230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron excess is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and it is important to understand the effect of iron on vascular permeability, particularly for the transport of large metabolic hormones such as adiponectin. METHODS We used 2-dimensional monolayers of cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as well as 3-dimensional microvascular networks to measure transendothelial flux. RESULTS Iron supplementation reduced transendothelial electric resistance (TEER). Flux analysis indicated that under control conditions permeability of 70 kDa dextran and oligomeric forms of adiponectin were restricted in comparison with a 3 kDa dextran, however upon iron treatment permeability of the larger molecules was increased. The increased permeability and size-dependent trans-endothelial movement in response to iron was also observed in 3-dimensional microvascular networks. Mechanistically, the alteration in barrier functionality was associated with increased oxidative stress in response to iron since alterations in TEER and permeability were rescued when reactive oxygen species production was attenuated by pre-treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.]. CONCLUSIONS Iron supplementation induced ROS production resulting in increased transendothelial permeability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Altogether, this suggests that the oxidative stress associated with iron excess could play an important role in the regulation of endothelial functionality, controlling hormone action in peripheral tissues by regulating the first rate-limiting step controlling hormone access to target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyoung Yoon
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Thanh Q Dang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Zhong S, Xue J, Cao JJ, Sun B, Sun QF, Bian LG, Hu LY, Pan SJ. The therapeutic value of XL388 in human glioma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22550-22563. [PMID: 33159013 PMCID: PMC7746352 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
XL388 is a highly efficient and orally-available ATP-competitive PI3K-mTOR dual inhibitor. Its activity against glioma cells was studied here. In established and primary human glioma cells, XL388 potently inhibited cell survival and proliferation as well as cell migration, invasion and cell cycle progression. The dual inhibitor induced significant apoptosis activation in glioma cells. In A172 cells and primary human glioma cells, XL388 inhibited Akt-mTORC1/2 activation by blocking phosphorylation of Akt and S6K1. XL388-induced glioma cell death was only partially attenuated by a constitutively-active mutant Akt1. Furthermore, it was cytotoxic against Akt1-knockout A172 glioma cells. XL388 downregulated MAF bZIP transcription factor G (MAFG) and inhibited Nrf2 signaling, causing oxidative injury in glioma cells. Conversely, antioxidants, n-acetylcysteine, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and AGI-106, alleviated XL388-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in glioma cells. Oral administration of XL388 inhibited subcutaneous A172 xenograft growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Akt-S6K1 inhibition and MAFG downregulation were detected in XL388-treated A172 xenograft tissues. Collectively, XL388 efficiently inhibits human glioma cell growth, through Akt-mTOR-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Cao
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Fang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Guan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang-Yun Hu
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Jian Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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GDC-0349 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:951. [PMID: 33154352 PMCID: PMC7644631 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related human mortality with a clear need for new therapeutic intervention. GDC-0349 is a potent and selective ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor. In A549 cells and primary human NSCLC cells, GDC-0349 inhibited cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion, while inducing significant apoptosis activation. Although GDC-0349 blocked Akt-mTORC1/2 activation in NSCLC cells, it also exerted cytotoxicity in Akt1-knockout A549 cells. Furthermore, restoring Akt-mTOR activation by a constitutively-active Akt1 only partially attenuated GDC-0349-induced A549 cell apoptosis, indicating the existence of Akt-mTOR-independent mechanisms. In NSCLC cells GDC-0349 induced sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) inhibition, ceramide accumulation, JNK activation and oxidative injury. Conversely, N-acetylcysteine, the JNK inhibitor and sphingosine 1-phosphate alleviated GDC-0349-induced NSCLC cell apoptosis. In vivo, daily oral administration of GDC-0349 potently inhibited NSCLC xenograft growth in mice. Akt-mTOR in-activation, SphK1 inhibition, JNK activation and oxidative stress were detected in NSCLC xenograft tissues with GDC-0349 administration. In summary, GDC-0349 inhibits NSCLC cell growth via Akt-mTOR-dependent and Akt-mTOR-independent mechanisms.
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Shu H, Peng Y, Hang W, Nie J, Zhou N, Wang DW. The role of CD36 in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 118:115-129. [PMID: 33210138 PMCID: PMC8752351 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36, also known as the scavenger receptor B2, is a multifunctional receptor widely expressed in various organs. CD36 plays a crucial role in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids, the main metabolic substrate in myocardial tissue. The maturation and transportation of CD36 is regulated by post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and palmitoylation. CD36 is decreased in pathological cardiac hypertrophy caused by ischaemia-reperfusion and pressure overload, and increased in diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. Deficiency of CD36 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis, while overexpression of CD36 eliminates ischaemia-reperfusion damage, together suggesting that CD36 is closely associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases and may be a new therapeutic target. This review summarizes the regulation and post-translational modifications of CD36 and evaluates its role in cardiovascular diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jiali Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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Fillebeen C, Lam NH, Chow S, Botta A, Sweeney G, Pantopoulos K. Regulatory Connections between Iron and Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207773. [PMID: 33096618 PMCID: PMC7589414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for energy metabolism, and states of iron deficiency or excess are detrimental for organisms and cells. Therefore, iron and carbohydrate metabolism are tightly regulated. Serum iron and glucose levels are subjected to hormonal regulation by hepcidin and insulin, respectively. Hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide hormone that inactivates the iron exporter ferroportin in target cells, thereby limiting iron efflux to the bloodstream. Insulin is a protein hormone secreted from pancreatic β-cells that stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism via insulin receptor signaling. There is increasing evidence that systemic, but also cellular iron and glucose metabolic pathways are interconnected. This review article presents relevant data derived primarily from mouse models and biochemical studies. In addition, it discusses iron and glucose metabolism in the context of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Fillebeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3Y 1P3, Canada;
| | - Nhat Hung Lam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Samantha Chow
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Amy Botta
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3Y 1P3, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-340-8260 (ext. 25293)
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Four-octyl itaconate activates Nrf2 cascade to protect osteoblasts from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:772. [PMID: 32943614 PMCID: PMC7499214 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Four-octyl itaconate (4-OI) is the cell-permeable derivative of itaconate that can activate Nrf2 signaling by alkylating Keap1’s cysteine residues. Here, we tested the potential effect of 4-OI on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury in osteoblasts. In OB-6 cells and primary murine osteoblasts, 4-OI was able to activate Nrf2 signaling cascade and cause Keap1–Nrf2 disassociation, Nrf2 protein stabilization, cytosol accumulation, and nuclear translocation. 4-OI also augmented antioxidant-response element reporter activity and promoted expression of Nrf2-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1, and GCLC). Pretreatment with 4-OI inhibited H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production, cell death, and apoptosis in osteoblasts. Furthermore, 4-OI inhibited H2O2-induced programmed necrosis by suppressing mitochondrial depolarization, mitochondrial cyclophilin D-ANT1 (adenine nucleotide translocase 1)-p53 association, and cytosol lactate dehydrogenase release in osteoblasts. Ectopic overexpression of immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) increased endogenous itaconate production and activated Nrf2 signaling cascade, thereby inhibiting H2O2-induced oxidative injury and cell death. In OB-6 cells, Nrf2 silencing or CRISPR/Cas9-induced Nrf2 knockout blocked 4-OI-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against H2O2. Conversely, forced Nrf2 activation, by CRISPR/Cas9-induced Keap1 knockout, mimicked 4-OI-induced actions in OB-6 cells. Importantly, 4-OI was ineffective against H2O2 in Keap1-knockout cells. Collectively, 4-OI efficiently activates Nrf2 signaling to inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative injury and death of osteoblasts.
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Kelesidis T, Tran E, Arastoo S, Lakhani K, Heymans R, Gornbein J, Middlekauff HR. Elevated Cellular Oxidative Stress in Circulating Immune Cells in Otherwise Healthy Young People Who Use Electronic Cigarettes in a Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study: Implications for Future Cardiovascular Risk. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016983. [PMID: 32896211 PMCID: PMC7726977 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Tobacco cigarettes (TCs) increase oxidative stress and inflammation, both instigators of atherosclerotic cardiac disease. It is unknown if electronic cigarettes (ECs) also increase immune cell oxidative stress. We hypothesized an ordered, “dose‐response” relationship, with tobacco‐product type as “dose” (lowest in nonsmokers, intermediate in EC vapers, and highest in TC smokers), and the “response” being cellular oxidative stress (COS) in immune cell subtypes, in otherwise, healthy young people. Methods and Results Using flow cytometry and fluorescent probes, COS was determined in immune cell subtypes in 33 otherwise healthy young people: nonsmokers (n=12), EC vapers (n=12), and TC smokers (n=9). Study groups had similar baseline characteristics, including age, sex, race, and education level. A dose‐response increase in proinflammatory monocytes and lymphocytes, and their COS content among the 3 study groups was found: lowest in nonsmokers, intermediate in EC vapers, and highest in TC smokers. These findings were most striking in CD14dimCD16+ and CD14++CD16+ proinflammatory monocytes and were reproduced with 2 independent fluorescent probes of COS. Conclusions These findings portend the development of premature cardiovascular disease in otherwise healthy young people who chronically vape ECs. On the other hand, that the COS is lower in EC vapers compared with TC smokers warrants additional investigation to determine if switching to ECs may form part of a harm‐reduction strategy. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03823885.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Kelesidis
- Division of Infectious Disease Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Elizabeth Tran
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Sara Arastoo
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Karishma Lakhani
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Rachel Heymans
- Division of Infectious Disease Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Jeffrey Gornbein
- Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA.,Department of Computational Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Holly R Middlekauff
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
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Imai T, Tsuji S, Matsubara H, Ohba T, Sugiyama T, Nakamura S, Hara H, Shimazawa M. Deferasirox, a trivalent iron chelator, ameliorates neuronal damage in hemorrhagic stroke models. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 394:73-84. [PMID: 32808069 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease with high mortality and morbidity. After ICH, iron released from the hematoma plays a crucial role in secondary brain injury. Deferasirox (DFR) is a trivalent iron chelator, which was approved to treat iron overload syndrome after transfusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of DFR in both in vitro and in vivo ICH models. METHODS Using a hemin-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage model, we performed an intracellular bivalent iron (Fe2+) accumulation assay, cell death assay, oxidative stress assessments, and Western blotting analysis. Moreover, the effects of DFR intraventricular administration on hematoma, neurological deficits, and histological alteration were evaluated in an in vivo ICH mouse model by collagenase. RESULTS DFR significantly suppressed the intracellular Fe2+ accumulation and cell death caused by hemin exposure. These effects were related to the suppression of both reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation over-production. In Western blotting analysis, hemin increased the expression of ferritin (an iron storage protein), LC3 and p62 (autophagy-related markers), phosphorylated p38 (a stress response protein), and cleaved-caspase3 and cleaved-poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) (apoptosis-related makers). However, DFR suppressed the increase of these proteins. In addition, DFR attenuated the neurological deficits until 7 days after ICH without affecting hematoma and injury area. Furthermore, DFR also suppressed microglia/macrophage activation in peri-hematoma area at 3 days after ICH. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that DFR might be a useful therapeutic agent for the therapy of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Imai
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shohei Tsuji
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hirohumi Matsubara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takuya Ohba
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tomoki Sugiyama
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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