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Aghajani Mir M. Illuminating the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2: Insights into competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulatory networks. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 122:105613. [PMID: 38844190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 triggered a significant economic and health crisis worldwide, with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms that contribute to its development are not yet fully understood. Although substantial progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2 infection and therapy, it continues to rank among the top three global causes of mortality due to infectious illnesses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), being integral components across nearly all biological processes, demonstrate effective importance in viral pathogenesis. Regarding viral infections, ncRNAs have demonstrated their ability to modulate host reactions, viral replication, and host-pathogen interactions. However, the complex interactions of different types of ncRNAs in the progression of COVID-19 remains understudied. In recent years, a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional gene regulation known as "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" has been proposed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and viral ncRNAs function as ceRNAs, influencing the expression of associated genes by sequestering shared microRNAs. Recent research on SARS-CoV-2 has revealed that disruptions in specific ceRNA regulatory networks (ceRNETs) contribute to the abnormal expression of key infection-related genes and the establishment of distinctive infection characteristics. These findings present new opportunities to delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This progress paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of ceRNETs, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms involved. Further exploration of these mechanisms holds promise for enhancing our ability to prevent viral infections and develop effective antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Aghajani Mir
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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2
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Montes P, Rusanova I, Cornejo E, García P, Guerra-Librero A, López MDS, de Haro T, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Inflamma-miRs Profile in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6784. [PMID: 38928489 PMCID: PMC11204089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Etiological factors involved in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) include immunologic, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors, among others, and these are targets for microRNAs (miRNs). Here, we evaluated whether some miRNs may affect tumor development comparing untreated and 5-azacitidine (5-AZA) MDS-treated patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 controls and 24 MDS patients, and selected miRNs related to redox balance and inflammation (inflamma-miRs), including miR-18a, miR-21, miR-34a and miR-146a, were isolated and measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). A differential expression profile of miRNs was detected in untreated MDS patients and the 5-AZA group. Inflammation increases miRNs and, specifically, miR-18a, miR-21 and miR-34a were significantly overexpressed in untreated MDS, compared to controls. However, we did not observe any miRN profile alteration during the progression of the disease. On the other hand, 5-AZA treatment tends to restore miRN expression levels. Relating to prognostic risk factors, high-risk MDS groups (high Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), high cytogenetic risk, high molecular risk (HMR) mutations) tended to be related with higher expression levels of miR-18a and miR-34a. Higher miRN expression is correlated with lower glutathione peroxidase activity, while they are related with a higher profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α). Although our study was limited by the low number of MDS patients included, we identified miRN deregulation involved in MDS development that could regulate redox sensors and inflammatory responses. Finally, 5-AZA treatment is related with lower miRN expression levels in MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Montes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.M.); (A.G.-L.); (G.E.)
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.d.S.L.); (T.d.H.)
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Cornejo
- UGC de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Paloma García
- UGC de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Ana Guerra-Librero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.M.); (A.G.-L.); (G.E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Mª del Señor López
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.d.S.L.); (T.d.H.)
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Tomás de Haro
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.d.S.L.); (T.d.H.)
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.M.); (A.G.-L.); (G.E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.M.); (A.G.-L.); (G.E.)
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.d.S.L.); (T.d.H.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (Ibs.Granada), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
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3
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Dutta B, Mahanty M, Kesavalu L, Rahaman SO. Mechanisms underlying TRPV4-mediated regulation of miR-146a expression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.03.587984. [PMID: 38617263 PMCID: PMC11014524 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.587984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation is a major contributor in the development of various inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis. Our study investigates how transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive ion channel, interacts with microRNA-146a (miR-146a), within the context of inflammation and atherosclerosis. Micro-RNAs play a critical role in controlling gene expression, and miR-146a is notable for its anti-inflammatory actions. TRPV4 is activated by diverse soluble and mechanical stimuli, and often associated with inflammatory responses in various diseases. Here, we find that TRPV4 negatively regulates miR-146a expression in macrophages, especially following stimulation by lipopolysaccharides or alterations in matrix stiffness. We show that in atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by matrix stiffening, TRPV4 decreases miR-146a expression in aortic tissue macrophages. We find that TRPV4's impact on miR-146a is independent of activation of NFκB, Stat1, P38, and AKT, but is rather mediated through a mechanism involving histone deacetylation instead of DNA methylation at the miR-146a promoter site. Furthermore, we show that N-terminal residues 1 to 130 in TRPV4 is essential in suppression of miR-146a expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Altogether, this study identifies a regulatory mechanism of miR-146a expression by TRPV4 which may open new potential therapeutic strategies for managing inflammatory diseases.
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Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Restoration of epigenetic impairment in the skeletal muscle and chronic inflammation resolution as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102267. [PMID: 38462046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, accompanied by severe adverse health outcomes, such as falls and fractures, functional decline, high health costs, and mortality. Hence, its prevention and treatment have become increasingly urgent. However, despite the wide prevalence and extensive research on sarcopenia, no FDA-approved disease-modifying drugs exist. This is probably due to a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology. Recent evidence demonstrate that sarcopenia development is characterized by two key elements: (i) epigenetic dysregulation of multiple molecular pathways associated with sarcopenia pathogenesis, such as protein remodeling, insulin resistance, mitochondria impairments, and (ii) the creation of a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI). In this review, we focus on the epigenetic regulators that have been implicated in skeletal muscle deterioration, their individual roles, and possible crosstalk. We also discuss epidrugs, which are the pharmaceuticals with the potential to restore the epigenetic mechanisms deregulated in sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms underlying failed SCLGI resolution in sarcopenia and the potential application of pro-resolving molecules, comprising specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and their stable mimetics and receptor agonists. These compounds, as well as epidrugs, reveal beneficial effects in preclinical studies related to sarcopenia. Based on these encouraging observations, we propose the combination of epidrugs with SCLI-resolving agents as a new therapeutic approach for sarcopenia that can effectively attenuate of its manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel.
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
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5
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Ahmad S, Zhang XL, Ahmad A. Epigenetic regulation of pulmonary inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:346-354. [PMID: 37230854 PMCID: PMC10592630 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension are the leading cause of deaths. More importantly, lung diseases are on the rise and environmental factors induced epigenetic modifications are major players on this increased prevalence. It has been reported that dysregulation of genes involved in epigenetic regulation such as the histone deacetylase (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferase (HATs) play important role in lung health and pulmonary disease pathogenesis. Inflammation is an essential component of respiratory diseases. Injury and inflammation trigger release of extracellular vesicles that can act as epigenetic modifiers through transfer of epigenetic regulators such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), proteins and lipids, from one cell to another. The immune dysregulations caused by the cargo contents are important contributors of respiratory disease pathogenesis. N6 methylation of RNA is also emerging to be a critical mechanism of epigenetic alteration and upregulation of immune responses to environmental stressors. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are stable and often long term and cause onset of chronic lung conditions. These epigenetic pathways are also being utilized for therapeutic intervention in several lung conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Xiao Lu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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6
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Gillan JL, Chokshi M, Hardisty GR, Clohisey Hendry S, Prasca-Chamorro D, Robinson NJ, Lasota B, Clark R, Murphy L, Whyte MK, Baillie JK, Davidson DJ, Bao G, Gray RD. CAGE sequencing reveals CFTR-dependent dysregulation of type I IFN signaling in activated cystic fibrosis macrophages. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg5128. [PMID: 37235648 PMCID: PMC10219589 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An intense, nonresolving airway inflammatory response leads to destructive lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Dysregulation of macrophage immune function may be a key facet governing the progression of CF lung disease, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We used 5' end centered transcriptome sequencing to profile P. aeruginosa LPS-activated human CF macrophages, showing that CF and non-CF macrophages deploy substantially distinct transcriptional programs at baseline and following activation. This includes a significantly blunted type I IFN signaling response in activated patient cells relative to healthy controls that was reversible upon in vitro treatment with CFTR modulators in patient cells and by CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to correct the F508del mutation in patient-derived iPSC macrophages. These findings illustrate a previously unidentified immune defect in human CF macrophages that is CFTR dependent and reversible with CFTR modulators, thus providing new avenues in the search for effective anti-inflammatory interventions in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L. Gillan
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mithil Chokshi
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gareth R. Hardisty
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | | | - Nicola J. Robinson
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Benjamin Lasota
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard Clark
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Moira K. B. Whyte
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - Donald J. Davidson
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert D. Gray
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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7
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Ho D, Lynd TO, Jun C, Shin J, Millican RC, Estep BK, Chen J, Zhang X, Brott BC, Kim DW, Sherwood JA, Hwang PTJ. MiR-146a encapsulated liposomes reduce vascular inflammatory responses through decrease of ICAM-1 expression, macrophage activation, and foam cell formation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3461-3474. [PMID: 36723042 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03280e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vascular insults can create an inflammatory cascade involving endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell, and macrophage activation which can eventually lead to vascular disease such as atherosclerosis. Several studies have identified microRNA 146a's (miR-146a) anti-inflammatory potential based on its role in regulating the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ) pathway. Therefore, in this study, we introduced exogenous miR-146a encapsulated by liposomes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated vascular cells and macrophages to reduce inflammatory responses. First, the miR-146a encapsulated liposomes showed uniform size (radius 96.4 ± 4.22 nm) and round shape, long term stability (at least two months), high encapsulation efficiency (69.73 ± 0.07%), and were well transfected to human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and human differentiated monocytes (U937 cells). In addition, we demonstrated that miR-146a encapsulated liposomes reduced vascular inflammation responses in HAECs and SMCs through inhibition of ICAM-1 expression and decreased monocyte adhesion. In macrophages, miR-146a liposome treatment demonstrated decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), as well as reduced oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake and foam cell formation. Thus, based on these results, miR-146a encapsulated liposomes may be promising for reducing vascular inflammation by targeting its multiple associated mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Ho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Tyler O Lynd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Claire Jun
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Benjamin K Estep
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL, 35242, USA.
- Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Patrick T J Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL, 35242, USA.
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Sprenkle NT, Serezani CH, Pua HH. MicroRNAs in Macrophages: Regulators of Activation and Function. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:359-368. [PMID: 36724439 PMCID: PMC10316964 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are sentinels of the innate immune system that maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to inflammatory responses. Their broad scope of action depends on both functional heterogeneity and plasticity. Small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to macrophage function as post-transcriptional inhibitors of target gene networks. Genetic and pharmacologic studies have uncovered genes regulated by miRNAs that control macrophage cellular programming and macrophage-driven pathology. miRNAs control proinflammatory M1-like activation, immunoregulatory M2-like macrophage activation, and emerging macrophage functions in metabolic disease and innate immune memory. Understanding the gene networks regulated by individual miRNAs enhances our understanding of the spectrum of macrophage function at steady state and during responses to injury or pathogen invasion, with the potential to develop miRNA-based therapies. This review aims to consolidate past and current studies investigating the complexity of the miRNA interactome to provide the reader with a mechanistic view of how miRNAs shape macrophage behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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9
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Stachowiak Z, Wojsyk-Banaszak I, Jończyk-Potoczna K, Narożna B, Langwiński W, Szczepankiewicz A. Extracellular vesicles-derived miRNAs as mediators of pulmonary exacerbation in pediatric cystic fibrosis. J Breath Res 2023; 17. [PMID: 36720158 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acb792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from chronic inflammation and recurrent pulmonary exacerbations (PEs). We aimed to test whether a specific miRNA could be associated with the occurrence of PE. We sequenced extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNA in sputum (n= 20), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) (n= 11), and serum (n= 8) samples from pediatric patients during PE and the stable stage of CF. Four miRNAs: let-7c, miR-16, miR-25-3p and miR-146a, have been selected for validation in a larger group with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in sputum and serum, or droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in EBC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) differential expression analysis was done in Base Space, and the correlation between miRNAs expression and clinical data was calculated with Statistica. Functional annotation of selected miRNAs and their potential target genes was performed with miRDip and DAVID software. There were no differences in miRNA expression between stable and exacerbation in sputum and in serum. Validation of four selected miRNAs showed significant downregulation of miR-146a in serum. A panel of all four miRNAs (peripherally) was the best predictive model of exacerbation (p< 0.001, AUC = 0.96). Expression of airway miR-25-3p improved the diagnostic value of FEV1% pred and FVC% pred, while peripheral miR-146a improved the predictive model of C-reactive protein and neutrophilia.In silicoanalysis revealed a potential role for selected miRNAs in regulating processes associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling. We demonstrated that EVs contained in peripheral blood as well as local biomaterials can act as carriers for miRNAs with the diagnostic potential of predicting exacerbation in pediatric CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Stachowiak
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | | | - Beata Narożna
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Wojciech Langwiński
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
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Pieri M, Vayianos P, Nicolaidou V, Felekkis K, Papaneophytou C. Alterations in Circulating miRNA Levels after Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Could Contribute to the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: What We Know So Far. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032380. [PMID: 36768701 PMCID: PMC9917196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and poses significant complications for cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and influence several physiological and pathological processes, including CVD. This critical review aims to expand upon the current literature concerning miRNA deregulation during the SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on cardio-specific miRNAs and their association with various CVDs, including cardiac remodeling, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite the scarcity of research in this area, our findings suggest that changes in the expression levels of particular COVID-19-related miRNAs, including miR-146a, miR-27/miR-27a-5p, miR-451, miR-486-5p, miR-21, miR-155, and miR-133a, may be linked to CVDs. While our analysis did not conclusively determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the profile and/or expression levels of cardiac-specific miRNAs, we proposed a potential mechanism by which the miRNAs mentioned above may contribute to the development of these two pathologies. Further research on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2, CVDs, and microRNAs will significantly enhance our understanding of this connection and may lead to the use of these miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrtani Pieri
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panayiotis Vayianos
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Vicky Nicolaidou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyriacos Felekkis
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Christos Papaneophytou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.P.)
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Jasineviciute I, Hasan MN, Grigas J, Pautienius A, Stankevicius A, Zymantiene J, Miura N. microRNAs Are Abundant and Stable in Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Other Autologous Blood Products of Canines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010770. [PMID: 36614213 PMCID: PMC9821218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Various microRNAs (miRNAs) present in autologous blood products of canines have not been studied recently. We aimed to elucidate the existence of miRNAs in platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and the stability of canine autologous blood products under various storage conditions. Total RNAs were isolated from PRF and other autologous blood products following newly adapted protocols used in commercial kits for plasma and tissue samples. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qPCR) was used to detect miRNAs in autologous blood products. The miR-16, miR-21, miR-155, and miR-146a were abundant in PRF and other autologous blood products of canines. Furthermore, we found they could maintain stability under protracted freezing temperatures of -30 °C for at least one month. Our findings revealed that PRF might be a stable resource for various canine miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indre Jasineviciute
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
| | - Juozas Grigas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arnoldas Pautienius
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Stankevicius
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Judita Zymantiene
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Naoki Miura
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan
- Correspondence:
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12
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Kowalczuk A, Marycz K, Kornicka-Garbowska K, Kornicka J, Bujalska-Zadrożny M, Groborz S. Cannabidiol (CBD) Protects Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Development and Its Complications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710864. [PMID: 36078578 PMCID: PMC9518341 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggested that individuals with metabolic disorders have altered function of adipocytes and adipose stem cell subpopulations, which impairs tissue homeostasis, promoting insulin resistance and diabetes development. The non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid CBD was found to modulate adipose tissue metabolism, however, its exact role in controlling ASCs' fate is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This investigation aimed to elucidate whether pretreatment of ASCs with CBD can protect against ER stress development and maintain the cytophysiological properties of cells. METHODS Human ASCs were cultured under control and adipogenic conditions. Prior to the experiments, cells in the experimental group were pretreated with CBD following the addition of an ER stress inducer-tunicamycin. After the experiments, the cells were subsequently tested for expression of the apoptotic, ER stress, and anti-inflammatory-related genes using RT-qPCR. Oxidative stress was analysed with flow cytometric assays. RESULTS Cells pretreated with CBD displayed decreased apoptosis and enhanced proliferation rate. Additionally, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and miRNAs was significantly reduced. The obtained results also demonstrated an obvious reduction in intracellular accumulated ROS and NO, as well as mitigated ER stress through the down-regulation of IRE-1, PERK, CHOP, and ATF6 transcripts upon CBD treatment. CONCLUSION The presented data provide the evidence that CBD protects ASCs against ER stress development and its complications and, thus, offers new insights for the management of obesity through the regulation of adipose tissue dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kowalczuk
- National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-851-43-69
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kornicka-Garbowska
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Justyna Kornicka
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical, Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Groborz
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland
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13
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De Felice B, Montanino C, Mallardo M, Babino G, Mattera E, Ragozzino G, Argenziano G, Daniele A, Nigro E. Circulating microRNAs in Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091544. [PMID: 36140712 PMCID: PMC9498560 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a pathology characterized by chronic inflammation and skin lesions. The molecular basis of the inflammatory network remains unclear; however, since microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the modulation of inflammation, the composition of a micro-transcriptome RNA library using the blood of HS patients was analysed here. The total miRNA expression profiles of miRNAs from HS patients was assayed by real-time qPCR. Here, compared to healthy controls, miR-24-1-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR26a-5p, miR-206, miR338-3p, and miR-338-5p expression was found significantly different in HS. Knowing the significance of the miRNA mechanism in inflammatory and immune progression, we suggest that miRNA profiles found in HS patients can be significant in understanding the pathogenesis modality and establishing efficient biomarkers for HS early diagnosis. In particular, miR-338-5p was closely related to HS invasiveness and production of cytokines and was atypically overexpressed. miR-338-5p may represent a good promise as a non-invasive clinical biomarker for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna De Felice
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DISTABIF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0823-274543; Fax: +39-0823-274571
| | - Concetta Montanino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DISTABIF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marta Mallardo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DISTABIF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Graziella Babino
- Dermatology Unit, Università Degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Edi Mattera
- Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine and Surgery Unit of Internal Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ragozzino
- Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine and Surgery Unit of Internal Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Argenziano
- Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine and Surgery Unit of Internal Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DISTABIF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore, 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
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14
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Jiang Y, Xu X, Xiao L, Wang L, Qiang S. The Role of microRNA in the Inflammatory Response of Wound Healing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852419. [PMID: 35386721 PMCID: PMC8977525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing, a highly complex pathophysiological response to injury, includes four overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response are the primary requirements for wound healing, and are also key events that determines wound quality and healing time. Currently, the number of patients with persistent chronic wounds has generally increased, which imposes health and economic burden on patients and society. Recent studies have found that microRNA(miRNA) plays an essential role in the inflammation involved in wound healing and may provide a new therapeutic direction for wound treatment. Therefore, this review focused on the role and significance of miRNA in the inflammation phase of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
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15
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Fernández-Pato A, Virseda-Berdices A, Resino S, Ryan P, Martínez-González O, Peréz-García F, Martin-Vicente M, Valle-Millares D, Brochado-Kith O, Blancas R, Martínez A, Ceballos FC, Bartolome-Sánchez S, Vidal-Alcántara EJ, Alonso D, Blanca-López N, Martinez-Acitores IR, Martin-Pedraza L, Jiménez-Sousa MÁ, Fernández-Rodríguez A. Plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset predicts severity status and mortality. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:676-688. [PMID: 35130828 PMCID: PMC8890551 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2038021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in regulating immune response against infectious diseases, showing changes early in disease onset and before the detection of the pathogen. Thus, we aimed to analyze the plasma miRNA profile at COVID-19 onset to identify miRNAs as early prognostic biomarkers of severity and survival. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma miRNome of 96 COVID-19 patients that developed asymptomatic/mild, moderate and severe disease was sequenced together with a group of healthy controls. Plasma immune-related biomarkers were also assessed. COVID-19 patients showed 200 significant differentially expressed (SDE) miRNAs concerning healthy controls, with upregulated putative targets of SARS-CoV-2, and inflammatory miRNAs. Among COVID-19 patients, 75 SDE miRNAs were observed in asymptomatic/mild compared to symptomatic patients, which were involved in platelet aggregation and cytokine pathways, among others. Moreover, 137 SDE miRNAs were identified between severe and moderate patients, where miRNAs targeting the SARS CoV-2 genome were the most strongly disrupted. Finally, we constructed a mortality predictive risk score (miRNA-MRS) with ten miRNAs. Patients with higher values had a higher risk of 90-days mortality (hazard ratio=4.60; p-value<0.001). Besides, the discriminant power of miRNA-MRS was significantly higher than the observed for age and gender (AUROC=0.970 vs. 0.881; p=0.042). CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection deeply disturbs the plasma miRNome from an early stage of COVID-19, making miRNAs highly valuable as early predictors of severity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Fernández-Pato
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Virseda-Berdices
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ryan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Felipe Peréz-García
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - María Martin-Vicente
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Valle-Millares
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Brochado-Kith
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Blancas
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - Amalia Martínez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco C Ceballos
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Bartolome-Sánchez
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erick Joan Vidal-Alcántara
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Alonso
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Martin-Pedraza
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unit of Viral Infection and Immunity, National Center for Microbiology CNM, Health Institute Carlos III ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Soni DK, Biswas R. Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Lung Diseases. Front Genet 2021; 12:767348. [PMID: 34819948 PMCID: PMC8606426 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.767348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), notably microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have recently gained increasing consideration because of their versatile role as key regulators of gene expression. They adopt diverse mechanisms to regulate transcription and translation, and thereby, the function of the protein, which is associated with several major biological processes. For example, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolic pathways demand fine-tuning for the precise development of a specific tissue or organ. The deregulation of ncRNA expression is concomitant with multiple diseases, including lung diseases. This review highlights recent advances in the post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Further, we also discuss the emerging role of ncRNAs as biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for lung diseases. However, more investigations are required to explore miRNAs and lncRNAs interaction, and their function in the regulation of mRNA expression. Understanding these mechanisms might lead to early diagnosis and the development of novel therapeutics for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Soni
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Roopa Biswas
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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17
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Abak A, Talebi SF, Shoorei H, Branicki W, Taheri M, Akbari Dilmaghani N. Role of miRNA and lncRNAs in organ fibrosis and aging. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112132. [PMID: 34481379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the endpoint of pathological remodeling. This process contributes to the pathogenesis of several chronic disorders and aging-associated organ damage. Different molecular cascades contribute to this process. TGF-β, WNT, and YAP/TAZ signaling pathways have prominent roles in this process. A number of long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs have been found to regulate organ fibrosis through modulation of the activity of related signaling pathways. miR-144-3p, miR-451, miR-200b, and miR-328 are among microRNAs that participate in the pathology of cardiac fibrosis. Meanwhile, miR-34a, miR-17-5p, miR-122, miR-146a, and miR-350 contribute to liver fibrosis in different situations. PVT1, MALAT1, GAS5, NRON, PFL, MIAT, HULC, ANRIL, and H19 are among long non-coding RNAs that participate in organ fibrosis. We review the impact of long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in organ fibrosis and aging-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nader Akbari Dilmaghani
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Olivieri F, Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, Matacchione G, Rippo MR, Sabbatinelli J, Bonafè M. miR-21 and miR-146a: The microRNAs of inflammaging and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101374. [PMID: 34082077 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first paper on "inflammaging" published in 2001 paved the way for a unifying theory on how and why aging turns out to be the main risk factor for the development of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). The most exciting challenge on this topic was explaining how systemic inflammation steeps up with age and why it shows different rates among individuals of the same chronological age. The "epigenetic revolution" in the past twenty years conveyed that the assessment of the individual genetic make-up is not enough to depict the trajectories of age-related inflammation. Accordingly, others and we have been focusing on the role of non-coding RNA, i.e. microRNAs (miRNAs), in inflammaging. The results obtained in the latest 10 years underpinned the key role of a miRNA subset that we have called inflammamiRs, owing to their ability to master (NF-κB)-driven inflammatory pathways. In this review, we will focus on two inflammamiRs, i.e. miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p, which target a variety of molecules belonging to the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways. The interplay between miR-146a-5p and IL-6 in the context of aging and ARDs will also be highlighted. We will also provide the most relevant evidence suggesting that circulating inflammamiRs, along with IL-6, can measure the degree of inflammaging.
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19
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Plowman T, Lagos D. Non-Coding RNAs in COVID-19: Emerging Insights and Current Questions. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:54. [PMID: 34564316 PMCID: PMC8482139 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late 2019, igniting an unprecedented pandemic. A mechanistic picture characterising the acute immunopathological disease in severe COVID-19 is developing. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the transcribed but un-translated portion of the genome and, until recent decades, have been undiscovered or overlooked. A growing body of research continues to demonstrate their interconnected involvement in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 development by regulating several of its pathological hallmarks: cytokine storm syndrome, haemostatic alterations, immune cell recruitment, and vascular dysregulation. There is also keen interest in exploring the possibility of host-virus RNA-RNA and RNA-RBP interactions. Here, we discuss and evaluate evidence demonstrating the involvement of short and long ncRNAs in COVID-19 and use this information to propose hypotheses for future mechanistic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Plowman
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK;
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Dimitris Lagos
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK;
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
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20
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Petrović N, Stanojković TP, Nikitović M. MicroRNAs in prostate cancer following radiotherapy: Towards predicting response to radiation treatment. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1543-1560. [PMID: 34348602 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210804085135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed male cancer worldwide. Early diagnosis of PCa, response to therapy and prognosis still represent a challenge. Nearly 60% of PCa patients undergo radiation therapy (RT) which might cause side effects. In spite of numerous researches in this field, predictive biomarkers for radiation toxicity are still not elucidated. MicroRNAs as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression are shown to be changed during and after irradiation. Manipulation with miRNA levels might be used to modulate response to RT-to reverse radioresistance-to induce radiosensitivity, or if needed, to reduce sensitivity to treatment to avoid side effects. In this review we have listed and described miRNAs involved in response to RT in PCa, and highlighted potential candidates for future biological tests predicting radiation response to RT, with the special focus on side effects of RT. Individual radiation response is a result of the interactions between physical characteristics of radiation treatment and biological background of each patient, and miRNA expression changes among others. According to described literature we concluded that let-7, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-155, and members of miR-17/92 cluster might be promising candidates for biological tests predicting radiosensitivity of PCa patients undergoing radiation treatment, and as future agents for modulation of radiation response. Predictive miRNA panels, especially for acute and late side effects of RT can serve as a starting point for decisions for individualized RT planning. We believe that this review might be one step closer to understanding molecular mechanisms underlying individual radiation response of patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Petrović
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Health and Environment, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade. Serbia
| | - Tatjana P Stanojković
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade. Serbia
| | - Marina Nikitović
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade. Serbia
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21
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Cantero-Navarro E, Rayego-Mateos S, Orejudo M, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Tejera-Muñoz A, Sanz AB, Marquez-Exposito L, Marchant V, Santos-Sanchez L, Egido J, Ortiz A, Bellon T, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Ruiz-Ortega M. Role of Macrophages and Related Cytokines in Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:688060. [PMID: 34307414 PMCID: PMC8295566 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.688060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key characteristic of kidney disease, but this immune response is two-faced. In the acute phase of kidney injury, there is an activation of the immune cells to fight against the insult, contributing to kidney repair and regeneration. However, in chronic kidney diseases (CKD), immune cells that infiltrate the kidney play a deleterious role, actively participating in disease progression, and contributing to nephron loss and fibrosis. Importantly, CKD is a chronic inflammatory disease. In early CKD stages, patients present sub-clinical inflammation, activation of immune circulating cells and therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies have been proposed as a common therapeutic target for renal diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the plasticity of immune cells and the complexity of their functions. Among immune cells, monocytes/macrophages play an important role in all steps of kidney injury. However, the phenotype characterization between human and mice immune cells showed different markers; therefore the extrapolation of experimental studies in mice could not reflect human renal diseases. Here we will review the current information about the characteristics of different macrophage phenotypes, mainly focused on macrophage-related cytokines, with special attention to the chemokine CCL18, and its murine functional homolog CCL8, and the macrophage marker CD163, and their role in kidney pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cantero-Navarro
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Orejudo
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Fundación IIS -Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Sanz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fundación IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Sanchez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Fundación IIS -Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fundación IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Bellon
- La Paz Hospital Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl R Rodrigues-Diez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Wróblewski A, Strycharz J, Świderska E, Balcerczyk A, Szemraj J, Drzewoski J, Śliwińska A. Chronic and Transient Hyperglycemia Induces Changes in the Expression Patterns of IL6 and ADIPOQ Genes and Their Associated Epigenetic Modifications in Differentiating Human Visceral Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136964. [PMID: 34203452 PMCID: PMC8268546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines secreted by hypertrophic visceral adipose tissue (VAT) instigate low-grade inflammation, followed by hyperglycemia (HG)-related metabolic disorders. The latter may develop with the participation of epigenetic modifications. Our aim was to assess how HG influences selected epigenetic modifications and the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and adiponectin (APN; gene symbol ADIPOQ) during the adipogenesis of human visceral preadipocytes (HPA-v). Adipocytes (Ads) were chronically or transiently HG-treated during three stages of adipogenesis (proliferation, differentiation, maturation). We measured adipokine mRNA, protein, proven or predicted microRNA expression (RT-qPCR and ELISA), and enrichment of H3K9/14ac, H3K4me3, and H3K9me3 at gene promoter regions (chromatin immunoprecipitation). In chronic HG, we detected different expression patterns of the studied adipokines at the mRNA and protein levels. Chronic and transient HG-induced changes in miRNA (miR-26a-5p, miR-26b-5p, let-7d-5p, let-7e-5p, miR-365a-3p, miR-146a-5p) were mostly convergent to altered IL-6 transcription. Alterations in histone marks at the IL6 promoter were also in agreement with IL-6 mRNA. The open chromatin marks at the ADIPOQ promoter mostly reflected the APN transcription during NG adipogenesis, while, in the differentiation stage, HG-induced changes in all studied marks were in line with APN mRNA levels. In summary, HG dysregulated adipokine expression, promoting inflammation. Epigenetic changes coexisted with altered expression of adipokines, especially for IL-6; therefore, epigenetic marks induced by transient HG may act as epi-memory in Ads. Such changes in the epigenome and expression of adipokines could be instrumental in the development of inflammation and metabolic deregulation of VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wróblewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.Ś.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Justyna Strycharz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.Ś.); (J.S.)
| | - Ewa Świderska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.Ś.); (J.S.)
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.S.); (E.Ś.); (J.S.)
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acids Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (A.Ś.)
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23
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Ahmadi A, Moradi S. In silico analysis suggests the RNAi-enhancing antibiotic enoxacin as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10271. [PMID: 33986351 PMCID: PMC8119475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has currently become the biggest challenge in the world. There is still no specific medicine for COVID-19, which leaves a critical gap for the identification of new drug candidates for the disease. Recent studies have reported that the small-molecule enoxacin exerts an antiviral activity by enhancing the RNAi pathway. The aim of this study is to analyze if enoxacin can exert anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects. We exploit multiple computational tools and databases to examine (i) whether the RNAi mechanism, as the target pathway of enoxacin, could act on the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and (ii) microRNAs induced by enoxacin might directly silence viral components as well as the host cell proteins mediating the viral entry and replication. We find that the RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 might be a suitable substrate for DICER activity. We also highlight several enoxacin-enhanced microRNAs which could target SARS-CoV-2 components, pro-inflammatory cytokines, host cell components facilitating viral replication, and transcription factors enriched in lung stem cells, thereby promoting their differentiation and lung regeneration. Finally, our analyses identify several enoxacin-targeted regulatory modules that were critically associated with exacerbation of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, our analysis suggests that enoxacin could be a promising candidate for COVID-19 treatment through enhancing the RNAi pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169,, Iran
| | - Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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MicroRNAs in shaping the resolution phase of inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:48-62. [PMID: 33934990 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a host defense mechanism orchestrated through imperative factors - acute inflammatory responses mediated by cellular and molecular events leading to activation of defensive immune subsets - to marginalize detrimental injury, pathogenic agents and infected cells. These potent inflammatory events, if uncontrolled, may cause tissue damage by perturbing homeostasis towards immune dysregulation. A parallel host mechanism operates to contain inflammatory pathways and facilitate tissue regeneration. Thus, resolution of inflammation is an effective moratorium on the pro-inflammatory pathway to avoid the tissue damage inside the host and leads to reestablishment of tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the resolution pathway can have a detrimental impact on tissue functionality and contribute to the diseased state. Multiple reports have suggested peculiar dynamics of miRNA expression during various pro- and anti-inflammatory events. The roles of miRNAs in the regulation of immune responses are well-established. However, understanding of miRNA regulation of the resolution phase of events in infection or wound healing models, which is sometimes misconstrued as anti-inflammatory signaling, remains limited. Due to the deterministic role of miRNAs in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, in this review we have provided a broad perspective on the putative role of miRNAs in the resolution of inflammation and explored their imminent role in therapeutics.
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25
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Pierandrei S, Truglio G, Ceci F, Del Porto P, Bruno SM, Castellani S, Conese M, Ascenzioni F, Lucarelli M. DNA Methylation Patterns Correlate with the Expression of SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G (Epithelial Sodium Channel, ENaC) Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073754. [PMID: 33916525 PMCID: PMC8038451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in respiratory epithelia has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF). The comprehension of the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of ENaC genes is pivotal to better detail the pathogenic mechanism and the genotype-phenotype relationship in CF, as well as to realize therapeutic approaches based on the transcriptional downregulation of ENaC genes. Since we aimed to study the epigenetic transcriptional control of ENaC genes, an assessment of their expression and DNA methylation patterns in different human cell lines, nasal brushing samples, and leucocytes was performed. The mRNA expression of CFTR and ENaC subunits α, β and γ (respectively SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G genes) was studied by real time PCR. DNA methylation of 5'-flanking region of SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G genes was studied by HpaII/PCR. The levels of expression and DNA methylation of ENaC genes in the different cell lines, brushing samples, and leukocytes were very variable. The DNA regions studied of each ENaC gene showed different methylation patterns. A general inverse correlation between expression and DNA methylation was evidenced. Leukocytes showed very low expression of all the 3 ENaC genes corresponding to a DNA methylated pattern. The SCNN1A gene resulted to be the most expressed in some cell lines that, accordingly, showed a completely demethylated pattern. Coherently, a heavy and moderate methylated pattern of, respectively, SCNN1B and SCNN1G genes corresponded to low levels of expression. As exceptions, we found that dexamethasone treatment appeared to stimulate the expression of all the 3 ENaC genes, without an evident modulation of the DNA methylation pattern, and that in nasal brushing a considerable expression of all the 3 ENaC genes were found despite an apparent methylated pattern. At least part of the expression modulation of ENaC genes seems to depend on the DNA methylation patterns of specific DNA regions. This points to epigenetics as a controlling mechanism of ENaC function and as a possible therapeutic approach for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pierandrei
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma, Italy; (S.P.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Gessica Truglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma, Italy; (S.P.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Fabrizio Ceci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma, Italy; (S.P.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Paola Del Porto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Sabina Maria Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma, Italy; (S.P.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Fiorentina Ascenzioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, 00185 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.A.); (M.L.)
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma, Italy; (S.P.); (G.T.); (F.C.); (S.M.B.)
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.A.); (M.L.)
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26
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Mormile R. Diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19: may miR-146a make the difference between life and death? Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2021; 46:363-365. [PMID: 33792241 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mormile
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Moscati Hospital, Aversa, Caserta, Italy -
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27
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ledesma-Pacheco SJ, Benavides-Aguilar JA, Torres-Copado A, Morales-Rodríguez JI, De Donato M, Srivastava A. Roles of microRNAs in chronic pediatric diseases and their use as potential biomarkers: A review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108763. [PMID: 33460581 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding highly conserved RNA molecules that can act as master regulators of gene expression in a sequence-specific manner either by translation repression or mRNA degradation, influencing a wide range of biologic processes that are essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Chronic pediatric diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide among children and the recent evidence indicates that aberrant miRNA expression significantly contributes to the development of chronic pediatric diseases. This review focuses on the role of miRNAs in five major chronic pediatric diseases including bronchial asthma, congenital heart diseases, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy, and their potential use as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico.
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - S Janin Ledesma-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Javier A Benavides-Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Jonathan I Morales-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Marcos De Donato
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
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28
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De Palma FDE, Raia V, Kroemer G, Maiuri MC. The Multifaceted Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Fibrosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E1102. [PMID: 33348555 PMCID: PMC7765910 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lifelong disorder affecting 1 in 3500 live births worldwide. It is a monogenetic autosomal recessive disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the chloride channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the impairment of which leads to ionic disequilibria in exocrine organs. This translates into a chronic multisystemic disease characterized by airway obstruction, respiratory infections, and pancreatic insufficiency as well as hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Molecular characterization of the mutational heterogeneity of CFTR (affected by more than 2000 variants) improved the understanding and management of CF. However, these CFTR variants are linked to different clinical manifestations and phenotypes, and they affect response to treatments. Expanding evidence suggests that multisystemic disease affects CF pathology via impairing either CFTR or proteins regulated by CFTR. Thus, altering the expression of miRNAs in vivo could constitute an appealing strategy for developing new CF therapies. In this review, we will first describe the pathophysiology and clinical management of CF. Then, we will summarize the current knowledge on altered miRNAs in CF patients, with a focus on the miRNAs involved in the deregulation of CFTR and in the modulation of inflammation. We will highlight recent findings on the potential utility of measuring circulating miRNAs in CF as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Finally, we will provide an overview on potential miRNA-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Federico II University Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
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29
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Poe AJ, Kulkarni M, Leszczynska A, Tang J, Shah R, Jami-Alahmadi Y, Wang J, Kramerov AA, Wohlschlegel J, Punj V, Ljubimov AV, Saghizadeh M. Integrated Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Role of miR-146a in Human Limbal Epithelium via Notch Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102175. [PMID: 32993109 PMCID: PMC7650592 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-146a is upregulated in the stem cell-enriched limbal region vs. central human cornea and can mediate corneal epithelial wound healing. The aim of this study was to identify miR-146a targets in human primary limbal epithelial cells (LECs) using genomic and proteomic analyses. RNA-seq combined with quantitative proteomics based on multiplexed isobaric tandem mass tag labeling was performed in LECs transfected with miR-146a mimic vs. mimic control. Western blot and immunostaining were used to confirm the expression of some targeted genes/proteins. A total of 251 differentially expressed mRNAs and 163 proteins were identified. We found that miR-146a regulates the expression of multiple genes in different pathways, such as the Notch system. In LECs and organ-cultured corneas, miR-146a increased Notch-1 expression possibly by downregulating its inhibitor Numb, but decreased Notch-2. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed the regulatory role of miR-146a in several other processes, including anchoring junctions, TNF-α, Hedgehog signaling, adherens junctions, TGF-β, mTORC2, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, which mediate wound healing, inflammation, and stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Our results provide insights into the regulatory network of miR-146a and its role in fine-tuning of Notch-1 and Notch-2 expressions in limbal epithelium, which could be a balancing factor in stem cell maintenance and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Poe
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mangesh Kulkarni
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aleksandra Leszczynska
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie Tang
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Ruchi Shah
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yasaman Jami-Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.J.-A.); (J.W.)
| | - Jason Wang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrei A. Kramerov
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - James Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.J.-A.); (J.W.)
| | - Vasu Punj
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Alexander V. Ljubimov
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mehrnoosh Saghizadeh
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.J.P.); (M.K.); (A.L.); (R.S.); (J.W.); (A.A.K.); (A.V.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-248-8696
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Anasagasti A, Lara-López A, Milla-Navarro S, Escudero-Arrarás L, Rodríguez-Hidalgo M, Zabaleta N, González Aseguinolaza G, de la Villa P, Ruiz-Ederra J. Inhibition of MicroRNA 6937 Delays Photoreceptor and Vision Loss in a Mouse Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100913. [PMID: 32987664 PMCID: PMC7598722 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a group of rare retinal conditions, including retinitis pigmentosa (RP), caused by monogenic mutations in 1 out of more than 250 genes. Despite recent advancements in gene therapy, there is still a lack of an effective treatment for this group of retinal conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved small non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression. Control of miRNAs-mediated protein expression has been described as a widely used mechanism for post-transcriptional regulation in many physiological and pathological processes in different organs, including the retina. Our main purpose was to test the hypothesis that modulation of a group of miRNAs can protect photoreceptor cells from death in the rd10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. For this, we incorporated modulators of three miRNAs in adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), which were administered through sub-retinal injections. The results obtained indicate that inhibition of the miR-6937-5p slows down the visual deterioration of rd10 mice, reflected by an increased electroretinogram (ERG) wave response under scotopic conditions and significant preservation of the outer nuclear layer thickness. This work contributes to broadening our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying retinitis pigmentosa and supports the development of novel therapeutic approaches for RP based on miRNA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Anasagasti
- Sensorial Neurodegeneration Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (A.L.-L.); (L.E.-A.); (M.R.-H.)
- Viralgen Vector Core, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Araceli Lara-López
- Sensorial Neurodegeneration Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (A.L.-L.); (L.E.-A.); (M.R.-H.)
| | - Santiago Milla-Navarro
- Visual Neurophysiology, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.-N.); (P.d.l.V.)
| | - Leire Escudero-Arrarás
- Sensorial Neurodegeneration Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (A.L.-L.); (L.E.-A.); (M.R.-H.)
| | - María Rodríguez-Hidalgo
- Sensorial Neurodegeneration Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (A.L.-L.); (L.E.-A.); (M.R.-H.)
| | - Nerea Zabaleta
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, FIMA, University of Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.Z.); (G.G.A.)
| | - Gloria González Aseguinolaza
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, CIMA, FIMA, University of Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.Z.); (G.G.A.)
| | - Pedro de la Villa
- Visual Neurophysiology, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (S.M.-N.); (P.d.l.V.)
- RETICS OFTARED, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-Ederra
- Sensorial Neurodegeneration Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (A.L.-L.); (L.E.-A.); (M.R.-H.)
- RETICS OFTARED, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-943-006128
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31
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Zhang S, Shrestha CL, Wisniewski BL, Pham H, Hou X, Li W, Dong Y, Kopp BT. Consequences of CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated CFTR Knockout in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1871. [PMID: 32973772 PMCID: PMC7461958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage dysfunction is fundamentally related to altered immunity in cystic fibrosis (CF). How genetic deficits in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) lead to these defects remains unknown. Rapid advances in genomic editing such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system provide new tools for scientific study. We aimed to create a stable CFTR knockout (KO) in human macrophages in order to study how CFTR regulates macrophage function. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from non-CF healthy volunteers and differentiated into monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). MDMs were transfected with a CRISPR Cas9 CFTR KO plasmid. CFTR KO efficiency was verified and macrophage halide efflux, phagocytosis, oxidative burst, apoptosis, and cytokine functional assays were performed. CFTR KO in human MDMs was efficient and stable after puromycin selection. CFTR KO was confirmed by CFTR mRNA and protein expression. CFTR function was abolished in CFTR KO MDMs. CFTR KO recapitulated known defects in human CF MDM (CFTR class I/II variants) dysfunction including (1) increased apoptosis, (2) decreased phagocytosis, (3) reduced oxidative burst, and (4) increased bacterial load. Activation of the oxidative burst via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase assembly was diminished in CFTR KO MDMs (decreased phosphorylated p47phox). Cytokine production was unchanged or decreased in response to infection in CFTR KO MDMs. In conclusion, we developed a primary human macrophage CFTR KO system. CFTR KO mimics most pathology observed in macrophages obtained from persons with CF, which suggests that many aspects of CF macrophage dysfunction are CFTR-dependent and not just reflective of the CF inflammatory milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhong Zhang
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Chandra L Shrestha
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin L Wisniewski
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hanh Pham
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xucheng Hou
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wenqing Li
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin T Kopp
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
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Nelson MC, O'Connell RM. MicroRNAs: At the Interface of Metabolic Pathways and Inflammatory Responses by Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1797. [PMID: 32922393 PMCID: PMC7456828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key cells of the innate immune system with functional roles in both homeostatic maintenance of self-tissues and inflammatory responses to external stimuli, including infectious agents. Recent advances in metabolic research have revealed that macrophage functions rely upon coordinated metabolic programs to regulate gene expression, inflammation, and other important cellular processes. Polarized macrophages adjust their use of nutrients such as glucose and amino acids to meet their changing metabolic needs, and this in turn supports the functions of the activated macrophage. Metabolic and inflammatory processes have been widely studied, and a crucial role for their regulation at the post-transcriptional level by microRNAs (miRNAs) has been identified. miRNAs govern many facets of macrophage biology, including direct targeting of metabolic regulators and inflammatory pathways. This review will integrate emerging data that support an interplay between miRNAs and metabolism during macrophage inflammatory responses, highlighting critical miRNAs and miRNA families. Additionally, we will address the implications of these networks for human disease and discuss emerging areas of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan C Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Cabrini G, Rimessi A, Borgatti M, Lampronti I, Finotti A, Pinton P, Gambari R. Role of Cystic Fibrosis Bronchial Epithelium in Neutrophil Chemotaxis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1438. [PMID: 32849500 PMCID: PMC7427443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic respiratory disease is an extensive neutrophil infiltrate in the mucosa filling the bronchial lumen, starting early in life for CF infants. The genetic defect of the CF Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) ion channel promotes dehydration of the airway surface liquid, alters mucus properties, and decreases mucociliary clearance, favoring the onset of recurrent and, ultimately, chronic bacterial infection. Neutrophil infiltrates are unable to clear bacterial infection and, as an adverse effect, contribute to mucosal tissue damage by releasing proteases and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the rapid cellular turnover of lumenal neutrophils releases nucleic acids that further alter the mucus viscosity. A prominent role in the recruitment of neutrophil in bronchial mucosa is played by CF bronchial epithelial cells carrying the defective CFTR protein and are exposed to whole bacteria and bacterial products, making pharmacological approaches to regulate the exaggerated neutrophil chemotaxis in CF a relevant therapeutic target. Here we revise: (a) the major receptors, kinases, and transcription factors leading to the expression, and release of neutrophil chemokines in bronchial epithelial cells; (b) the role of intracellular calcium homeostasis and, in particular, the calcium crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria; (c) the epigenetic regulation of the key chemokines; (d) the role of mutant CFTR protein as a co-regulator of chemokines together with the host-pathogen interactions; and (e) different pharmacological strategies to regulate the expression of chemokines in CF bronchial epithelial cells through novel drug discovery and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Cabrini
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Center for Innovative Therapies in Cystic Fibrosis, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin-A Target for MicroRNA-Based Therapeutic Development for Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030836. [PMID: 32012925 PMCID: PMC7037267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder arising from mutations to the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Disruption to normal ion homeostasis in the airway results in impaired mucociliary clearance, leaving the lung more vulnerable to recurrent and chronic bacterial infections. The CF lung endures an excess of neutrophilic inflammation, and whilst neutrophil serine proteases are a crucial part of the innate host defence to infection, a surplus of neutrophil elastase (NE) is understood to create a net destructive effect. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) is a key antiprotease in the control of NE protease activity but is ineffective in the CF lung due to the huge imbalance of NE levels. Therapeutic strategies to boost levels of protective antiproteases such as A1AT in the lung remain an attractive research strategy to limit the damage from excess protease activity. microRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that bind specific cognate sequences to inhibit expression of target mRNAs. The inhibition of miRNAs which target the SERPINA1 (A1AT-encoding gene) mRNA represents a novel therapeutic approach for CF inflammation. This could involve the delivery of antagomirs that bind and sequester the target miRNA, or target site blockers that bind miRNA recognition elements within the target mRNA to prevent miRNA interaction. Therefore, miRNA targeted therapies offer an alternative strategy to drive endogenous A1AT production and thus supplement the antiprotease shield of the CF lung.
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