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Zhang Y, Ni P, Miao Y, Chen H, Tang L, Song H, Li W, Li X. Vitamin D 3 improves glucose metabolism and attenuates inflammation in prediabetic human and mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 130:109659. [PMID: 38685284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Prediabetes is a crucial stage for prevention and treatment of diabetes, and vitamin D (VD) has been found to be linked to the development of prediabetes and diabetes. Thus, we aimed to identify the effect of VD supplementation on glucose metabolism in prediabetic participants and mice. A 1:1 paired design of randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 1600 IU/day VD3 or placebo was administered to individuals with prediabetes, two-way repeated-measures ANCOVA was used to analyze glycolipid and inflammatory factors. A high-fat diet induced prediabetic KKay mice were utilized to evaluate the effects of VD3 with 16 weeks supplementation. Generalized estimation equation, one way ANOVA were used to analyze continuous monitoring indexes and terminal indexes, respectively. Exercise capacity, skeletal muscle pathological features and relevant proteins were examined. The clinical results showed that VD3 could improve insulin secretion and decrease inflammation. Results of KKay mice exhibited that VD3 not only ameliorate glycolipid metabolism and inflammatory indicators, but also regulated pathological changes of skeletal muscle and exercise capacity. Mechanistically, our results demonstrated that VD3 could inhibit the TLR4/NFκB and activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, the study indicated that VD3 exerts its beneficial effects by inhibiting TLR4/NFκB to decrease inflammatory response, and activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yufan Miao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanlu Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Demay MB, Pittas AG, Bikle DD, Diab DL, Kiely ME, Lazaretti-Castro M, Lips P, Mitchell DM, Murad MH, Powers S, Rao SD, Scragg R, Tayek JA, Valent AM, Walsh JME, McCartney CR. Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1907-1947. [PMID: 38828931 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies demonstrate associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and a variety of common disorders, including musculoskeletal, metabolic, cardiovascular, malignant, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Although a causal link between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and many disorders has not been clearly established, these associations have led to widespread supplementation with vitamin D and increased laboratory testing for 25(OH)D in the general population. The benefit-risk ratio of this increase in vitamin D use is not clear, and the optimal vitamin D intake and the role of testing for 25(OH)D for disease prevention remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE To develop clinical guidelines for the use of vitamin D (cholecalciferol [vitamin D3] or ergocalciferol [vitamin D2]) to lower the risk of disease in individuals without established indications for vitamin D treatment or 25(OH)D testing. METHODS A multidisciplinary panel of clinical experts, along with experts in guideline methodology and systematic literature review, identified and prioritized 14 clinically relevant questions related to the use of vitamin D and 25(OH)D testing to lower the risk of disease. The panel prioritized randomized placebo-controlled trials in general populations (without an established indication for vitamin D treatment or 25[OH]D testing), evaluating the effects of empiric vitamin D administration throughout the lifespan, as well as in select conditions (pregnancy and prediabetes). The panel defined "empiric supplementation" as vitamin D intake that (a) exceeds the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and (b) is implemented without testing for 25(OH)D. Systematic reviews queried electronic databases for publications related to these 14 clinical questions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology was used to assess the certainty of evidence and guide recommendations. The approach incorporated perspectives from a patient representative and considered patient values, costs and resources required, acceptability and feasibility, and impact on health equity of the proposed recommendations. The process to develop this clinical guideline did not use a risk assessment framework and was not designed to replace current DRI for vitamin D. RESULTS The panel suggests empiric vitamin D supplementation for children and adolescents aged 1 to 18 years to prevent nutritional rickets and because of its potential to lower the risk of respiratory tract infections; for those aged 75 years and older because of its potential to lower the risk of mortality; for those who are pregnant because of its potential to lower the risk of preeclampsia, intra-uterine mortality, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age birth, and neonatal mortality; and for those with high-risk prediabetes because of its potential to reduce progression to diabetes. Because the vitamin D doses in the included clinical trials varied considerably and many trial participants were allowed to continue their own vitamin D-containing supplements, the optimal doses for empiric vitamin D supplementation remain unclear for the populations considered. For nonpregnant people older than 50 years for whom vitamin D is indicated, the panel suggests supplementation via daily administration of vitamin D, rather than intermittent use of high doses. The panel suggests against empiric vitamin D supplementation above the current DRI to lower the risk of disease in healthy adults younger than 75 years. No clinical trial evidence was found to support routine screening for 25(OH)D in the general population, nor in those with obesity or dark complexion, and there was no clear evidence defining the optimal target level of 25(OH)D required for disease prevention in the populations considered; thus, the panel suggests against routine 25(OH)D testing in all populations considered. The panel judged that, in most situations, empiric vitamin D supplementation is inexpensive, feasible, acceptable to both healthy individuals and health care professionals, and has no negative effect on health equity. CONCLUSION The panel suggests empiric vitamin D for those aged 1 to 18 years and adults over 75 years of age, those who are pregnant, and those with high-risk prediabetes. Due to the scarcity of natural food sources rich in vitamin D, empiric supplementation can be achieved through a combination of fortified foods and supplements that contain vitamin D. Based on the absence of supportive clinical trial evidence, the panel suggests against routine 25(OH)D testing in the absence of established indications. These recommendations are not meant to replace the current DRIs for vitamin D, nor do they apply to people with established indications for vitamin D treatment or 25(OH)D testing. Further research is needed to determine optimal 25(OH)D levels for specific health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Demay
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dima L Diab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mairead E Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, T12 Y337, Ireland
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04220-00, Brazil
| | - Paul Lips
- Endocrine Section, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, 1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Deborah M Mitchell
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shelley Powers
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Foundation, Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA
| | - Sudhaker D Rao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone & Mineral Disorders, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - John A Tayek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA
- The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Amy M Valent
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Judith M E Walsh
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christopher R McCartney
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Shah VP, Nayfeh T, Alsawaf Y, Saadi S, Farah M, Zhu Y, Firwana M, Seisa M, Wang Z, Scragg R, Kiely ME, Lips P, Mitchell DM, Demay MB, Pittas AG, Murad MH. A Systematic Review Supporting the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on Vitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1961-1974. [PMID: 38828942 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Low vitamin D status is common and is associated with various common medical conditions. OBJECTIVE To support the development of the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guideline on Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease. METHODS We searched multiple databases for studies that addressed 14 clinical questions prioritized by the guideline panel. Of the 14 questions, 10 clinical questions assessed the effect of vitamin D vs no vitamin D in the general population throughout the lifespan, during pregnancy, and in adults with prediabetes; 1 question assessed dosing; and 3 questions addressed screening with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess certainty of evidence. RESULTS Electronic searches yielded 37 007 citations, from which we included 151 studies. In children and adolescents, low-certainty evidence suggested reduction in respiratory tract infections with empiric vitamin D. There was no significant effect on select outcomes in healthy adults aged 19 to 74 years with variable certainty of evidence. There was a very small reduction in mortality among adults older than 75 years with high certainty of evidence. In pregnant women, low-certainty evidence suggested possible benefit on various maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. In adults with prediabetes, moderate certainty of evidence suggested reduction in the rate of progression to diabetes. Administration of high-dose intermittent vitamin D may increase falls, compared to lower-dose daily dosing. We did not identify trials on the benefits and harms of screening with serum 25(OH)D. CONCLUSION The evidence summarized in this systematic review addresses the benefits and harms of vitamin D for the prevention of disease. The guideline panel considered additional information about individuals' and providers' values and preferences and other important decisional and contextual factors to develop clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Nayfeh
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yahya Alsawaf
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Samer Saadi
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Magdoleen Farah
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ye Zhu
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mohammed Firwana
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mohamed Seisa
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Mairead E Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337, Ireland
| | - Paul Lips
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah M Mitchell
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marie B Demay
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02116, USA
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Chen Z, Qiu X, Wang Q, Wu J, Li M, Niu W. Serum vitamin D and obesity among US adolescents, NHANES 2011-2018. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1334139. [PMID: 38836246 PMCID: PMC11148364 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1334139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Childhood obesity is highly prevalent worldwide. We aimed to assess whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with general/central obesity among US adolescents, and further to explore the mediatory impact of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) on this association. Methods This study is cross-sectional in design. Study adolescents were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-2018. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D categories associated with general (indexed by body mass index) and central (indexed by waist circumference to height ratio) obesity were regressed. The possible mediatory effect of HOMA-IR on this association was explored. The nonlinear and dose-response association was examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) test. Results Total 2,696 adolescents were eligible for inclusion, and the mean age of all adolescents was 15.4 years. Overall, the percentage of general and central obesity was 38.0% and 38.6%, respectively. Compared with adolescents with sufficient vitamin D, adolescent with deficient and insufficient vitamin D intake were associated with general obesity and central obesity; fully-adjusted OR for general obesity was 1.602 (95% CI: 1.161-2.211) and 1.659 (1.385-1.986), and fully-adjusted OR for central obesity was 2.025 (1.445-2.837) and 1.557 (1.287-1.884), respectively, while there was no observable significance in adolescents with possibly harmful vitamin D. The proportion mediated by HOMA-IR was estimated to be 31.7% for global obesity and 50.3% for central obesity (both P < 0.05). More stratified analyses were presented, and identified that the association with general obesity was particularly present among Mexican American, while with central obesity among Non-Hispanic Black adolescents. Conclusions Our findings indicate that deficient or insufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were associated with the significant risk of general and central obesity among US adolescents, and approximately 30% and 50%, respectively, of these associations were mediated by HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Al Refaie A, Baldassini L, Mondillo C, De Vita M, Giglio E, Tarquini R, Gonnelli S, Caffarelli C. Vitamin D and Dyslipidemia: Is There Really a Link? A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1144. [PMID: 38674837 PMCID: PMC11053479 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the interest in the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D is growing. In the literature, its several possible actions have been confirmed. Vitamin D seems to have a regulatory role in many different fields-inflammation, immunity, and the endocrine system-and many studies would demonstrate a possible correlation between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. In this paper, we deepened the relationship between vitamin D and dyslipidemia by reviewing the available literature. The results are not entirely clear-cut: on the one hand, numerous observational studies suggest a link between higher serum vitamin D levels and a beneficial lipid profile, while on the other hand, interventional studies do not demonstrate a significant effect. Understanding the possible relationship between vitamin D and dyslipidemia may represent a turning point: another link between vitamin D and the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Al Refaie
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Tuscany, Italy
| | - Leonardo Baldassini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Caterina Mondillo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Michela De Vita
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Elisa Giglio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Roberto Tarquini
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Tuscany, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Carla Caffarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
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Ray S, Kapoor N, Deshpande N, Chatterjee S, Kumar J, Tantia O, Goyal G, Mukherjee JJ, Singh AK. An overview of therapeutic options of obesity management in India: the Integrated Diabetes and Endocrinology Academy (IDEA) 2023 Congress update. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2024; 17:349-362. [PMID: 38471973 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2024.2330468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With newer anti-obesity medications (AOMs) being introduced at a rapid pace, it is prudent to make a concise and updated clinical practice document that may help busy clinicians in daily clinical practice. A group of metabolic physicians, diabetologists, endocrinologists, and bariatric surgeons assembled during the Integrated Diabetes and Endocrine Academy 2023 Congress (IDEACON, July 2023, Kolkata, India) to compile an update of pharmacotherapeutic options for managing people with obesity in India. AREAS COVERED After an extensive review of the literature by experts in different domains, this update provides all available information on the management of obesity, with a special emphasis on both currently available and soon-to-be-available AOMs, in people with obesity. EXPERT OPINION Several newer AOMs have been shown to reduce body weight significantly, thus poised to make a paradigm shift in the management of obesity. While the tolerability and key adverse events associated with these AOMs appear to be acceptable in randomized controlled trials, pharmacovigilance is vital in real-world settings, given the absence of sufficiently long-term studies. The easy availability and affordability of these drugs is another area of concern, especially in developing countries like India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Ray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Apollo Multi-Speciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Non-Communicable disease Unit, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neeta Deshpande
- Belgaum Diabetes Centre and CentraCare Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolic Health (CIDOM), Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Apollo Multi-Speciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Janardanan Kumar
- Department of Medicine, SRM Hospital & Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Om Tantia
- Department of Minimal Access and Bariatric Surgery, ILS Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ghanshyam Goyal
- Department of Medicine, ILS Hospital, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jagat Jyoti Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Apollo Multi-Speciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, G.D Hospital & Diabetes Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Hamamah S, Iatcu OC, Covasa M. Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:269. [PMID: 38257161 PMCID: PMC10820857 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is one of the most influential environmental factors in both taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota as well as in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence has shown that the effects of nutrition on both these parameters is not mutually exclusive and that changes in gut microbiota and related metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may influence systemic inflammation and signaling pathways that contribute to pathophysiological processes associated with T2DM. With this background, our review highlights the effects of macronutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, as well as micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals, on T2DM, specifically through their alterations in gut microbiota and the metabolites they produce. Additionally, we describe the influences of common food groups, which incorporate varying combinations of these macronutrients and micronutrients, on both microbiota and metabolic parameters in the context of diabetes mellitus. Overall, nutrition is one of the first line modifiable therapies in the management of T2DM and a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence its pathophysiology provides opportunities for optimizing dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Oana C. Iatcu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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Atia T, Abdelzaher MH, Nassar SA, Gafar HH, Husseini MAM, Kaabi AMY, Sakr HI. Investigating the relationship between vitamin-D deficiency and glycemia status and lipid profile in nondiabetics and prediabetics in Saudi population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36322. [PMID: 38013283 PMCID: PMC10681583 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing diabetes, dyslipidemia, and other chronic diseases. We aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, glycemic levels, and lipid profiles in individuals with prediabetes and nondiabetes. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 adults who were divided into 2 groups based on the American Diabetes Association classification: nondiabetics and prediabetics. The serum vitamin D levels, lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose levels, hemoglobin A1c levels, fasting insulin levels, and insulin resistance (IR) were evaluated. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in all participants was 30.9%, and mean vitamin D levels were significantly [P = .0004] lower in prediabetics, who were more common in females. Furthermore, prediabetics had significantly higher serum triglycerides [P = .0006], and significantly lower serum high-density lipoprotein levels [P = .0148] than those nondiabetics. Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. 31.4% of all participants were overweight and 40.2% were obese. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between vitamin D levels and IR and body mass indices ≥ 25 in prediabetics [r = -0.92] [P < .001]. Finally, vitamin D levels had a significant inverse relationship with glycemic parameters and IR, particularly in obese participants, but there was no significant relationship with lipid profile. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is common in females, regardless of whether they are prediabetics, but is more prevalent in prediabetics. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein levels, but there were no significant changes in total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein levels. Furthermore, vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with both fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels, and its deficiency was strongly associated with IR especially in obese patients despite there being no significant correlation with blood lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Atia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H. Abdelzaher
- College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Somaia A. Nassar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoda H. Gafar
- College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Hader I. Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Medicine program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Xia Y, Yu Y, Zhao Y, Deng Z, Zhang L, Liang G. Insight into the Interaction Mechanism of Vitamin D against Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis and In Silico Study. Foods 2023; 12:3973. [PMID: 37959091 PMCID: PMC10649035 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a dietary supplement or functional food additive, vitamin D (VD) deficiency may impact extra-skeletal functions associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors. However, the precise effects and mechanisms of VD supplementation on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in MetS subjects remain controversial. Here, we investigate potential therapeutic targets, pathways and mechanisms of VD against MetS through a comprehensive strategy including meta-analysis, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, dynamics simulations, and quantum chemical calculations. Our results reveal that VD supplementation significantly reduces triglyceride levels, fasting glucose, and insulin concentrations in subjects, thereby improving insulin homeostasis to some extent. We theoretically identify 14 core MetS-associated targets. Notably, VD exhibits substantial interactions with three targets (PPARγ, FABP4, and HMGCR) in the PPAR signaling pathway, indicating that VD can modulate this pathway. Van der Waals forces predominantly stabilize the complexes formed between VD and the three targets. Nonetheless, to provide valuable insights for personalized MetS management, further research is necessary to confirm our findings, emphasizing the importance of exploring genetic variability in VD response. In conclusion, our study contributes insights into the mechanisms of VD in preventing and treating MetS through dietary supplementation, promoting the development of VD-based functional foods or nutritious diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Yuandong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhifen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guizhao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
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10
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Ruiz-García A, Pallarés-Carratalá V, Turégano-Yedro M, Torres F, Sapena V, Martin-Gorgojo A, Martin-Moreno JM. Vitamin D Supplementation and Its Impact on Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 80 Randomized Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081810. [PMID: 37111028 PMCID: PMC10146299 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality risk reduction remains unclear due to conflicting study findings. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published between 1983 and 2022, that reported the effect of vitamin D supplementation in adults versus placebo or no treatment on all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality (CVM), non-cardiovascular mortality (non-CVM), and cardiovascular morbidities. Only studies with a follow-up period longer than one year were included. The primary outcomes were ACM and CVM. Secondary outcomes were non-CVM, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and major or extended adverse cardiovascular events. Subgroup analyses were performed according to low-, fair- and good-quality RCTs. RESULTS Eighty RCTs were assessed, including 82,210 participants receiving vitamin D supplementation and 80,921 receiving placebo or no treatment. The participants' mean (SD) age was 66.1 (11.2) years, and 68.6% were female. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower risk of ACM (OR: 0.95 [95%CI 0.91-0.99] p = 0.013), was close to statistical significance for a lower risk of non-CVM (OR: 0.94 [95%CI 0.87-1.00] p = 0.055), and was not statistically associated with a lower risk of any cardiovascular morbi-mortality outcome. Meta-analysis of low-quality RCTs showed no association with cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular morbi-mortality outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The emerging results of our meta-analysis present evidence that vitamin D supplementation appears to decrease the risk of ACM (especially convincing in the fair- and good-quality RCTs), while not showing a decrease in the specific cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk. Thus, we conclude that further research is warranted in this area, with well-planned and executed studies as the basis for more robust recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ruiz-García
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Pinto University Health Center, 28320 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Pallarés-Carratalá
- Health Surveillance Unit, Castellón Mutual Insurance Union, 12003 Castellón, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Torres
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Sapena
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Martin-Moreno
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Clinic University Hospital, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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11
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Yang Y, Yan S, Yao N, Guo Y, Wang H, Sun M, Hu W, Li X, Wang L, Li B. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the regulation of blood lipid levels in prediabetic subjects: A meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:983515. [PMID: 36969817 PMCID: PMC10033891 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.983515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to systematically investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces blood lipid—total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG)—levels in prediabetic individuals. Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and WANFANG databases were searched for studies published before 13 February 2022 (including 13 February 2022). Five articles were included. The results showed that vitamin D intervention led to a significant reduction in TG compared with control or placebo treatment (−0.42 [−0.59, −0.25], P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that this effect was particularly significant among the studies that included obese subjects (−0.46 [−0.65, −0.28], P < 0.001), the studies that also included men (not only women) (−0.56 [−0.78, −0.34], P < 0.001), and the studies with intervention durations longer than 1 year (−0.46 [−0.65, −0.28], P < 0.001). Both relatively low doses of 2,857 IU/day (−0.65 [−0.92, −0.38], P < 0.001) and relatively high doses of 8,571 IU/day (−0.28 [−0.54, −0.02] P = 0.04) of vitamin D supplementation reduced TG levels, and the effect was observed both in Northern Europe (−0.65 [−0.92, −0.38], P < 0.001) and Asian (−0.25 [−0.48, −0.03], P = 0.03) country subgroups. No significant effects on TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were shown. In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation might beneficially affect TG levels in individuals with prediabetes. Particularly longer durations of treatment, more than 1 year, with doses that correct vitamin deficiency/insufficiency, can have a beneficial effect. This meta-analysis was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero (CRD42020160780).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shoumeng Yan
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinpei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengzi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenyu Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Li
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12
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Pereira ADS, Miron VV, Castro MFV, Bottari NB, Assmann CE, Nauderer JN, Bissacotti BF, Mostardeiro VB, Stefanello N, Baldissarelli J, Palma TV, Morsch VMM, Schetinger MRC. Neuromodulatory effect of the combination of metformin and vitamin D 3 triggered by purinergic signaling in type 1 diabetes induced-rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 563:111852. [PMID: 36657632 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have indicated the vitamin D deficiency in the development of macro- and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) including DM-related cognitive dysfunction. The purinergic system plays an important role in the modulation of a variety of mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, plasticity, and cell-cell communication. In addition, purines, their receptors, and enzymes can regulate the purinergic axis at different levels in type 1 DM (T1DM). This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D3 alone or in combination with metformin in the behavioral performance of streptozotocin-induced T1DM rats. The effects of this combination on the metabolism of ATP and ADP were also studied by NTPDase (CD39), AMP by 5'-nucleotidase (CD73), and adenosine by adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) in the brain and peripheral lymphocytes of type 1 diabetic STZ-induced rats. The results showed that anxiety and memory loss from the DM condition reverted after 30 days of vitamin D3 treatment. Furthermore, the DM state affected systemic enzymes, with no effect on the central enzymes hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides. Vitamin D3 treatment positively regulated ectonucleotidase (NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase) activity, E-ADA, and the purinergic receptors as a mechanism to prevent oxidative damage in the cerebral cortex of T1DM rats. A neuroprotector effect of vitamin D3 through adenosine signaling was also observed, by regulating A1 and A2A receptors proteins levels. The present findings suggest that purinergic signaling through vitamin D3 modulation may be a novel alternative strategy for T1DM treatment, and may compensate for the negative changes in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Silva Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Valéria Miron
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Milagros Fanny Vera Castro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli Bianchin Bottari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jelson Norberto Nauderer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Fagan Bissacotti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Naiara Stefanello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Taís Vidal Palma
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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13
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Soares MJ, Zhao Y, Calton EK, Pathak K. Triglycerides and systolic blood pressure negatively mediate the direct relationship of vitamin D status to resting energy expenditure: A cross sectional analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102664. [PMID: 36402072 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We determined whether individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) mediated the direct association of vitamin D status (25OHD) on resting energy expenditure (REE). METHODS Multiple linear regression determined predictors of REE from data on 180 men and women from two ethnic groups. We then modelled a mediation pathway through components of MetS on the direct association between 25OHD and REE. The mediation modelling used the PROCESS SPSS Macro (version 4.0) based on 5000 bootstrapped samples, with the adjustment for different sets of covariates. RESULTS REE was significantly predicted by age, fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), ethnicity, inverse ln insulin, 25OHD, triglycerides (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and, to some extent, by time of REE measurements (p < 0.094). Adjustment for all these covariates, resulted in a negative indirect mediation effect of TG [β coefficient (bootstrapped SE): 0.95 (0.519); bootstrapped 95% CI: 2.172, -0.165; p < 0.05] and a concurrent negative mediation of SBP [β coefficient (bootstrapped SE): 0.72(0.484); bootstrapped 95% CI: 1.851, -0.011; p < 0.05]. There remained a positive direct pathway from 25OHD to REE [β coefficient (S.E): 4.715 (2.129); p = 0.028], however the total effect of 25OHD was dampened [β coefficient (S.E): 3.04 (2.126); p = 0.154]. CONCLUSIONS Independent of insulin sensitivity, a negative mediation by TG and SBP dampened the overall effect of 25OHD on REE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Soares
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia.
| | - Yun Zhao
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Emily K Calton
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Kaveri Pathak
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
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Vu TQC, Tran QK, Niu K. Association between serum 25 (OH) D levels and depression symptoms in adults with prediabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102642. [PMID: 36279702 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Depression symptoms are a significant risk factor for prediabetes-related diabetes, and low vitamin D levels are connected with depression symptoms. The goal of this study is to examine the association between vitamin D and depression symptoms in prediabetic persons. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tianjin, China, among 4051 individuals. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) (cut-off point SDS ≥45). Serum 25 (OH) D concentrations were determined using an enzyme immunoassay (OCTEIA 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, IDS Ltd, UK) and classified into three levels: 50 nmol/L, 50-75 nmol/L, and >75 nmol/L. The link between serum 25 (OH) D concentrations and depression symptoms in prediabetes was investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis. The models were adjusted for a variety of potential confounders. RESULTS The prevalence of symptoms of depression in prediabetic adults was 14.2% (12.5% males and 16.4% females). After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, the odds ratios - ORs for symptoms of depression in women across serum 25 (OH) D levels were 1.00 (reference), 1.03 (0.57, 1.39), and 0.28 (0.12, 0.57), respectively (p = 0.0015). However, no statistically significant connection was discovered in males. CONCLUSION In women with prediabetes, we showed a substantial negative connection between serum 25 (OH) D levels and depressed symptoms. Vitamin D supplementation may be an effective way to decrease the risk of depression symptoms in women with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Quynh Chi Vu
- Nutrition Department, Dong A University, 33 Xo Viet Nghe Tinh, Hai Chau District, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam; Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Quoc Kham Tran
- Administration of Science Technology and Training, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Hanoi 15000, Viet Nam
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
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15
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Hypothesized pathways for the association of vitamin D status and insulin sensitivity with resting energy expenditure: a cross sectional mediation analysis in Australian adults of European ancestry. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1457-1463. [PMID: 35365764 PMCID: PMC9550620 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of vitamin D in human energy expenditure requires confirmation. We explored whether insulin sensitivity (IS)/insulin resistance (IR) mediated the association of vitamin D status (25OHD) on resting energy expenditure (REE). Methods REE, body composition (by DEXA) and clinical biochemistry of 155 Australian men and women were collated. A hypothesized mediation pathway through IS/IR on the direct association between 25OHD and REE was modeled, using three surrogate indices of IS/IR: McAuley’s insulin sensitivity index (McA), Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and triglyceride to glucose ratio (TYG). The modeling was performed on PROCESS SPSS Macro (version 4.0) based on 5000 bootstrapped samples, with and without the adjustment for covariates. Results Unadjusted models indicated a sizeable negative mediation by all IS/IR indices but no significant direct effect of 25OHD on REE. On adjustment for covariates, a negative indirect mediation effect of McA [β coefficient (SE) −2.1(0.821); bootstrapped 95% CI:−3.934, −0.703; p < 0.05] and a similar negative mediation of TYG [−1.935 (0.780); bootstrapped 95% CI: (−3.679, −0.622; p < 0.05] was observed. These models also showed a positive direct effect of 25OHD on REE. In contrast, QUICKI made a smaller contribution to the total effect though in the same direction as the other two measures [−0.783 (0.534); bootstrapped 95% CI: (−1.939, 0.134; P > 0.05]. Conclusions A sizeable, partial, negative mediation of IS/IR on the direct relationship between 25OHD and REE, dampened the total effect of vitamin D on REE. Validation of the proposed causal framework would clarify vitamin D’s role in human energy metabolism.
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16
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Akter S. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis: Risk Factors and Pathophysiology. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:167-181. [PMID: 36619154 PMCID: PMC9489315 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progressive subtype non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the most prevalent liver diseases, often leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review aims to describe the present knowledge of the risk factors responsible for the development of NAFLD and NASH. I performed a literature review identifying studies focusing on the complex pathogenic pathway and risk factors of NAFLD and steatohepatitis. The relationship between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome is well established and widely recognized. Obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and insulin resistance are the most common risk factors associated with NAFLD. Among the components of metabolic syndrome, current evidence strongly suggests obesity and type 2 diabetes as risk factors of NASH and HCC. However, other elements, namely gender divergences, ethnicity, genetic factors, participation of innate immune system, oxidative stress, apoptotic pathways, and adipocytokines, take a leading role in the onset and promotion of NAFLD. Pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for NAFLD development and subsequent progression to NASH are insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, cytokine/adipokine signaling pathways, and genetic and environmental factors. Major pathophysiological findings of NAFLD are dysfunction of adipose tissue through the enhanced flow of free fatty acids (FFAs) and release of adipokines, and altered gut microbiome that generate proinflammatory signals and cause NASH progression. Understanding the pathophysiology and risk factors of NAFLD and NASH; this review could provide insight into the development of therapeutic strategies and useful diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Akter
- Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh,Corresponding Author: Sharmin Akter, PhD Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh Tel: +0088-091-67401-6 (ext. 6320) Fax: + 880 91 61510
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17
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Sheikholeslami-Vatani D, Rostamzadeh N. Changes in Appetite-Dependent Hormones and Body Composition After 8 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training and Vitamin D Supplementation in Sedentary Overweight Men. Front Nutr 2022; 9:827630. [PMID: 35198590 PMCID: PMC8860169 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise and diet are important factors for energy balance and appetite regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and vitamin D3 supplementation in sedentary overweight men. Forty-eight participants were randomly assigned to one of the following four groups (n = 12): HIIT + VitD, HIIT + placebo (3 sessions per week, 10 × 1 min interval cycling at 90-100% VO2peak separated by 1 min active recovery at 15% VO2peakfor 8 weeks), Vit D and control groups. Participants received 2,000 IU/day 25 (OH) D3 or placebo. Measurements were taken pre and post training after 10 h overnight fasting. Insulin, weight, BMI and body fat percentage were significantly decreased, but PYY was significantly increased in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) after 8 weeks of HIIT. Insulin (p = 0.009, p = 0.001), weight, BMI and body fat percentage (p = 0.001, p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups compared to the Vit D and control groups. However, PYY was significantly higher in the HIIT + Vit D group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.025) and control groups (p = 0.007) and also in the HIIT + placebo group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.037) and control groups (p = 0.032) after 8 weeks of HIIT. The combination of regular HIIT with vitamin D supplementation has a effect on appetite control and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naser Rostamzadeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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18
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Borgaonkar C, Ghonge S, Srivastava K. Vitamin D deficiencies: The fading sunshine in lockdown eclipse. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_1032_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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19
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Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Prediabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124464. [PMID: 34960022 PMCID: PMC8707376 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical research results of vitamin D supplementation in the improvement of prediabetes remain controversial. Accordingly, a literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science prior to 9 November 2021. Randomized controlled studies reported that the following indicators were included: body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose (2h-PG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B), and fasting insulin (FINS). Twenty-nine articles (N = 3792) were included in the present meta-analysis. Intriguingly, vitamin D supplementation resulted in a vast improvement in FBG (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.38; 95%CI: -0.59, -0.16), HbA1c (SMD = -0.14; 95%CI: -0.22, -0.06) and FINS (SMD = 0.18; 95%CI: -0.26, -0.09), but not in other outcomes. However, preferred changes were observed in subgroups, as follows: Asia (SMD2h-PG = -0.25, 95%CI: -0.45, -0.04), study duration ≥1 year (SMDHOMA-IR = -0.44, 95%CI: -0.81, -0.06) (SMDHOMA-B = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.66), baseline 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L (SMD2h-PG = -0.23, 95%CI: -0.39, -0.06), and baseline 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L (SMDHOMA-IR = -0.50, 95%CI: -0.96, -0.03). In conclusion, oral supplementation of vitamin D has shown better effects in improving FBG, HbA1c, and FINS compared with controls among prediabetics; long-term vitamin D supplementation could have additional effects in participants with vitamin D deficiency for 2h-PG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B.
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Zou Y, Guo B, Yu S, Wang D, Qiu L, Jiang Y. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycose homeostasis and islet function in vitamin D deficient or insufficient diabetes and prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:229-237. [PMID: 34857984 PMCID: PMC8611361 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycose homeostasis, islet function, and diabetes progress. Literatures were searched via electronic databases, websites, and previous reviews from the earliest available time to the end of May 2020. Randomized controlled trials initially designed for diabetes and prediabetes with 25-dihydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]<30 ng/ml were included. All data were analyzed and presented based on the Cochrane guidelines and PRISMA guidelines. In total, 27 articles (n = 1,932) were enrolled in this study. Vitamin D supplementation significantly improved fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index in diabetes and prediabetes with baseline 25(OH)D<30 ng/ml. Higher percentages regressing from prediabetes to normal glucose status [1.60 (1.19, 2.17), p = 0.002, n = 564] and lower percentage progressing from prediabetes to diabetes [0.68 (0.36, 1.27), p = 0.23, n = 569] were found in the supplementation group. The positive effects of vitamin D supplementation on body mass index, waist, HDL-C, LDL-C, and CRP were also demonstrated. In conclusion, modest improvements in vitamin D supplementation on short-term glycose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and disease development in diabetes and prediabetes with 25(OH)D<30 ng/ml were demonstrated, but more research needs to be conducted in the future to support the clinical application. (Register ID: CRD42020186004)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Songlin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Danchen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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Bhatt SP, Guleria R, Vikram NK. The Effect of the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Leukocyte Telomere Length, 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D, and Parathyroid Hormonal Concentrations in Asian Indians. Front Neurol 2021; 12:682739. [PMID: 34764923 PMCID: PMC8577206 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.682739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops during sleep. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and OSA are linked with an increased risk of oxidative stress and inflammation. The possible link between LTL and OSA in Asian Indians has not been evaluated. Thus, the present study aims to compare the link between LTL and OSA in Asian Indians. Methods: In this study, 300 subjects (120 obese with OSA, 110 obese without OSA, and 70 non-obese without OSA) were included after overnight polysomnography and a fasting blood sample. Clinical, anthropometry, metabolic markers, insulin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D], and parathyroid hormones (PTH) levels were investigated. LTL was investigated by a QPCR. Univariate and stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and % body fat were conducted while treating LTL as a dependent variable in relation to AHI and other covariates. Results: Obese subjects with OSA had significantly decreased 25(OH)D and increased PTH levels. The mean telomere length (T/S) ratio was significantly shorter in patients with OSA. The adjusted correlation analysis showed that shortening of telomere length correlated with increasing age, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index, and RDI. Univariate analysis showed that LTL revealed a trend toward a negative correlation with a mean age (β + SE, −0.015 + 0.0006; p = 0.01) and positive correlation with AHI [β +slandered error (SE), 0.042 + 0.017; p = 0.008]. In the multiple regression analysis, LTL was positively associated with AHI (β + SE, 0.281 + 0.04; p = 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and % body fat. Even when adjusted for confounding factors, 25(OH)D, and PTH levels, LTL still was related to AHI (β + SE, 0.446 + 0.02; p = 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicates the presence of an association between LTL and OSA and a significant impact of OSA severity and telomeres shortening in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Prakash Bhatt
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Randeep Guleria
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval K Vikram
- Department of Medicine, Metabolic Research Group, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Misra P, Kant S, Misra A, Jha S, Kardam P, Thakur N, Bhatt SP. A Community Based Randomized Controlled Trial to See the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Development of Diabetes Among Women with Prediabetes Residing in A Rural Community of Northern India. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3122-3129. [PMID: 34660457 PMCID: PMC8483112 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_311_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary objective of this study was to intervene with vitamin D supplementation in rural-based women with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) to prevent development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: This was an open-label randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in rural women with pre-diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888). Women aged 20-60 years with pre-diabetes were selected from rural Haryana (north India) and followed up for two years. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and behavioral details, like sun exposure, dietary habits, etc., The intervention group received vitamin D supplementation while control group received lactose granules as placebo. Equal doses of calcium carbonate were given to both the groups. Results: A total of 132 participants were recruited in the study (58 each in the intervention and control groups). It was observed that there was no statistical significance in the incidence of diabetes in the control group as compared to the intervention group at the end of 2 years (P = 0.701). Conclusion: Though during the first year there was some delay in development of DM in the intervention group but at the end of two years there was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation in delaying the incidence of diabetes in these women after two years. Trial registration: (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888).
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Misra
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Center of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreya Jha
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Surya P Bhatt
- Department of Sleep and Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Šarac I, Jovanović J, Zec M, Pavlović Z, Debeljak-Martačić J, Zeković M, Milešević J, Gurinović M, Glibetić M. Vitamin D Status and Its Correlation With Anthropometric and Biochemical Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk in Serbian Underground Coal Miners in 2016. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689214. [PMID: 34490320 PMCID: PMC8417231 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The status of vitamin D in underground working coal miners and its association with their cardiometabolic health is rarely studied. This study aimed to examine vitamin D (VitD) status in Serbian underground coal miners and to correlate it with anthropometric and laboratory indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Nutritional data (food frequency questionnaire, FFQ, and two times repeated 24 h recall), anthropometric data (including segmental analysis by bio-impedance analyzer TANITA BC-545N), arterial tension, and biochemical and hematological data of 103 coal miners (aged 22-63 years) were correlated with their late summer (early September) serum 25 (OH)D levels (measured by HPLC). 68.9% of the studied coal miners were overweight/obese, and 48.5% had metabolic syndrome. Their mean VitD nutritional intakes were low: 5.3 ± 3.8 μg/day (FFQ) and 4.9 ± 8 μg/day (24 h recalls), but their mean serum 25 (OH)D levels were surprisingly high (143.7 ± 41.4 nmol/L). Only 2.9% of the coal miners had 25(OH)D levels lower than 75 nmol/L (indicating an insufficient/deficient status), while 63.2% had values above 125 nmol/L (upper optimal limit), and even 10.7% had values above 200 nmol/L. There were no statistical differences in 25 (OH)D levels in the coal miners with or without metabolic syndrome (or overweight/obesity). Interestingly, 25(OH)D levels had significant positive correlations with body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FM%), limbs FM%, serum triglycerides, GGT, AST, ALT, and ALT/AST ratio, and had significant negative correlations with serum HDL-cholesterol and age. All these correlations were lost after corrections for age, FM, FM%, and legs FM%. In Serbian coal miners, high levels of early September VitD levels were observed, indicating sufficient non-working-hour sun exposure during the summer period. Furthermore, the unexpected positive correlations of VitD levels with anthropometric and biochemical parameters indicative of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease were found. More research is needed on the VitD status of coal miners (particularly in the winter period) and its relationship with their cardiometabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Health, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Manja Zec
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Public Health Požarevac, Požarevac, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gurinović
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria Glibetić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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24
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Bhatt SP, Guleria R. Polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor and parathyroid hormone genes in the development and progression of obstructive sleep apnea in Asian Indians. Nutrition 2021; 89:111237. [PMID: 33895557 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D plays a role in multiple aspects of human physiology, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) genes are associated with obesity. No data are available, to our knowledge, on the possible relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and genetic variations of VDR and PTH genes. This study aimed to assess the significance of vitamin D and PTH, as well as VDR, and PTH gene polymorphisms with body composition and biochemical investigations in Asian Indians with and without OSA. METHODS In this study, 120 obese subjects with OSA, 110 obese subjects without OSA, and 70 nonobese subjects without OSA were recruited. Clinical, body composition, anthropometry, and biochemical investigations, as well as a full overnight polysomnography were measured. Genotyping related to VDR (BsmI, ApaI FokI, and TaqI) and PTH (BstBI and DraII) genes were investigated with a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The mean values of the lower serum 25(OH) D (12.9 ± 3.8; P = 0.0001) and higher serum PTH levels (61.9 ± 12.5; P = 0.0001) were observed in obese subjects with OSA. There was an indirect correlation between serum 25(OH) D levels and OSA severity (P < 0.001). VDR (BsmI and FokI) and PTH (BstBI and DraII) genes were significantly associated with OSA (P < 0.05). Analyses of VDR haplotype combination variants (BBFFAATt [odds ratio: 3.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.986-4.567] and BbFFAaTt [odds ratio: 2.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.345-4.981) were more frequent in obese subjects with OSA (P = 0.001). The BBDD and bbDd haplotypes of the PTH gene seems to be a predisposing factor for OSA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lower serum 25(OH) D levels were significantly observed in patients with OSA and correlate with disease severity. Also, VDR and PTH mutations were found to be highly related with OSA in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Prakash Bhatt
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Randeep Guleria
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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25
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Dietary vitamin D equilibrium in serum ameliorates direct bilirubin associated diabetes mellitus. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109399. [PMID: 33503443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a non-communicable endocrine disease that is marked by a differing degree of tolerance to insulin and dysfunction. The connection between diabetes and liver failure important to doctors in general practice diabetologists and hepatologists. DM is linked with an elevated risk of hepatic consequences and mortality of liver cirrhosis patients. DM may facilitate to insult the liver by inducing inflammation and fibrosis by elevating mitochondrial oxidative stress. The conventional liver function indices are bilirubin including Indirect Bilirubin (IBil), Direct Bilirubin (DBil), and Total Bilirubin (TBil). DBil, IBil, and TBil, have diverse clinical implications as the standard index of liver disorder. An elevated level of DBil may suggest damage to the hepatic cell whereas TBil is within the normal range. Thus, increased liver enzymes are correlated with hepatic insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Notably, a significant correlation between DBil levels and Insulin resistance risk could indicate a connection between liver dysfunction and diabetes mellitus risk. Thus, our primary goal via the current review to examine the impact of dietary vitamin D (VitD) in serum mediated risk reduction of insulin resistance and further incidence of DM through inflammatory liver associated high DBil. Therefore, modifying these inflammatory pathways may be a therapeutic alternative approach for diabetes treatment.
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26
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Wang L, Liu X, Hou J, Wei D, Liu P, Fan K, Zhang L, Nie L, Li X, Huo W, Jing T, Li W, Wang C, Mao Z. Serum Vitamin D Affected Type 2 Diabetes though Altering Lipid Profile and Modified the Effects of Testosterone on Diabetes Status. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010090. [PMID: 33396618 PMCID: PMC7823697 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the associations between serum vitamin D or testosterone and diabetes; however, inconsistencies are observed. Whether there is an interaction between vitamin D and testosterone and whether the lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)) mediates the association between vitamin D and diabetes is unclear. To investigate the effect of vitamin D and testosterone on impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 2659 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort were included in the case-control study. Generalized linear models were utilized to estimate associations of vitamin D with IFG or T2DM and interactive effects of vitamin D and testosterone on IFG or T2DM. Principal component analysis (PCA) and mediation analysis were used to estimate whether the lipid profile mediated the association of vitamin D with IFG or T2DM. Serum 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, and total 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with IFG (odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)): 0.99 (0.97, 1.00), 0.85 (0.82, 0.88), and 0.97 (0.96, 0.98), respectively). Similarity results for associations between serum 25(OH)D2 and total 25(OH)D with T2DM (ORs (95%CIs): 0.84 (0.81, 0.88) and 0.97 (0.96, 0.99)) were observed, whereas serum 25(OH)D3 was negatively correlated to T2DM only in the quartile 2 (Q2) and Q3 groups (both p < 0.05). The lipid profile, mainly TC and TG, partly mediated the relationship between 25(OH)D2 or total 25(OH)D and IFG or T2DM and the proportion explained was from 2.74 to 17.46%. Furthermore, interactive effects of serum 25(OH)D2, total 25(OH)D, and testosterone on T2DM were observed in females (both p for interactive <0.05), implying that the positive association between serum testosterone and T2DM was vanished when 25(OH)D2 was higher than 10.04 ng/mL or total 25(OH)D was higher than 40.04 ng/mL. Therefore, ensuring adequate vitamin D levels could reduce the prevalence of IFG and T2DM, especially in females with high levels of testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Pengling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Keliang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Luting Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.N.); (W.H.)
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (X.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.N.); (W.H.)
| | - Tao Jing
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China;
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (X.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (J.H.); (D.W.); (P.L.); (K.F.); (L.Z.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-371-67781452
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Singh Y, Gupta G, Gilhotra RM, Singh SK, Prasher P, Krishnan A, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Emerging prospects of vitamin D3 in metabolic syndrome: A proof of concept (POC) approach targeting inflammation. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:1512-1516. [PMID: 33312109 PMCID: PMC7726492 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Singh
- Mahatma Gandhi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sitapura, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Ritu M Gilhotra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Association between Body Fatness and Vitamin D 3 Status in a Postmenopausal Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030667. [PMID: 32121398 PMCID: PMC7146150 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a micronutrient that plays a key role in phosphocalcic metabolism. The postmenopausal population presents a risk of deficiency in this vitamin due to hormonal alterations which, in the case of obesity, would be exacerbated. The objective was to assess the status of vitamin D in a postmenopausal population and determine the relationship of 25-hydroxivitamin D [25(OH)D] and its metabolites with anthropometric parameters. The study included 78 healthy postmenopausal women aged from 44 to 76. The nutrient intake assessment was carried out using the 24 h reminder (R24h). 25(OH)D was analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). A total of 80% and 68% of the women studied did not reach sufficient values of 25(OH)D and 25-hydroxivitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], respectively, which was inversely correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI) (r = −0.25, p = 0.04), hip perimeter (r = −0.26 and r = −0.24, all p < 0.05), arm circumference (r = −0.29, p = 0.01) and fat mass (r = −0.28 and r = −0.26, all p < 0.05). 25(OH)D3 is the metabolite that contributed most to this association. In conclusion, 25(OH)D3 levels are related to anthropometric parameters in the postmenopausal women in this study, confirming insufficient status in the majority of the population. Approach strategies are necessary to correct and avoid this risk in order to ensure future quality of life.
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Sirtuin-1 and Its Relevance in Vascular Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051593. [PMID: 32111067 PMCID: PMC7084838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is highly associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Dysregulation of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is related to VC. Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) deacetylase encompasses a broad range of transcription factors that are linked to an extended lifespan. Sirt1 enhances endothelial NO synthase and upregulates FoxOs to activate its antioxidant properties and delay cell senescence. Sirt1 reverses osteogenic phenotypic transdifferentiation by influencing RUNX2 expression in VSMCs. Low Sirt1 hardly prevents acetylation by p300 and phosphorylation of β-catenin that, following the facilitation of β-catenin translocation, drives osteogenic phenotypic transdifferentiation. Hyperphosphatemia induces VC by osteogenic conversion, apoptosis, and senescence of VSMCs through the Pit-1 cotransporter, which can be retarded by the sirt1 activator resveratrol. Proinflammatory adipocytokines released from dysfunctional perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) mediate medial calcification and arterial stiffness. Sirt1 ameliorates release of PVAT adipokines and increases adiponectin secretion, which interact with FoxO 1 against oxidative stress and inflammatory arterial insult. Conclusively, Sirt1 decelerates VC by means of influencing endothelial NO bioavailability, senescence of ECs and VSMCs, osteogenic phenotypic transdifferentiation, apoptosis of VSMCs, ECM deposition, and the inflammatory response of PVAT. Factors that aggravate VC include vitamin D deficiency-related macrophage recruitment and further inflammation responses. Supplementation with vitamin D to adequate levels is beneficial in improving PVAT macrophage infiltration and local inflammation, which further prevents VC.
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