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Leng Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Xia J, Zhang Y, Ma C, Liu K, Li H, Hong Y, Xie Z. Gallic acid attenuates murine ulcerative colitis by promoting group 3 innate lymphocytes, affecting gut microbiota, and bile acid metabolism. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109677. [PMID: 38844081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA), a plant phenol that is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and exhibits a protective role against ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is an inflammatory disease characterized by immune response disorders. However, the role and mechanism of action of GA in gut immunity remain unknown. Here, we observed that GA treatment improved enteritis symptoms, decreased the concentrations of cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23, increased the concentrations of cytokines IL-10, TGF-β and IL-22, and increased the proportion of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in mesenteric lymph nodes and lamina propria. However, GA did not upregulate ILC3 or impair UC in antibody-treated sterile mice. Notably, transplantation of fecal bacteria derived from GA-treated UC mice, instead of UC mice, increased ILC3 levels. Therefore, we analyzed the gut microbiota and related metabolites to elucidate the mechanism promoting ILC3. We determined that GA treatment altered the diversity of the gut microbiota and activated the bile acid (BA) metabolic pathway. We evaluated three BAs, namely, UDCA, isoalloLCA, and 3-oxoLCA that were significantly upregulated after GA treatment, improved UC symptoms, and elevated the proportion of ILC3 in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, these data indicate that GA attenuates UC by elevating ILC3 proportion, regulating the gut microbiota, and impacting BA metabolism. Additionally, we highlight the modulatory effects of BAs on ILC3 for the first time. Our findings provide novel insights into the multiple roles of GA in alleviating UC and provide a mechanistic explanation that supports the dietary nutrition in UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Leng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxuan Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuefeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chong Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Huang S, Ye Q, Wang A, Chen Y. Paeoniae Decoction restores intestinal barrier dysfunction by promoting the interaction between ILC3 and gut flora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155873. [PMID: 39024673 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a significant contributor to the recurrence and refractory of ulcerative colitis (UC). Promoting the interaction between group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and gut flora is a valuable strategy for mucosal repair. Paeoniae decoction (PD) is a compound commonly used in clinical treatment of UC, but its exact mechanism remains unclear. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the protective effect of PD on intestinal mucosal injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in chronic colitis, as well as to elucidate its potential mechanism. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were induced with chronic colitis by 2 % DSS and divided into four groups: control group, model group, PD low dose (4 g/kg), and high dose (8 g/kg) group. The effectiveness of PD in treating chronic colitis mice was evaluated based on changes in body weight, colon length, colon pathological tissue scores, and the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1β. The expressions of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Occludin), IL-22, and MUC2 were observed using immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. Additionally, the proportion of ILC3 and natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR)+ ILC3 in the colon were detected using flow cytometry. Furthermore, UHPLC-QE-MS was utilized to identify chemical components of PD and network pharmacology was employed to predict potential pathways for PD intervention in UC. Subsequently, MNK-3 cells (ILC3 in vitro cell line) and NCM460 cells were used to verify the network pharmacology results. Finally, the effects of PD on UC gut flora have been explored using in vitro fermentation and 16S rDNA techniques. RESULTS The results showed that PD significantly restored body weight and colon length in mice with chronic colitis, while also reducing colon inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β. Additionally, PD notably promoted the expression of MUC2, ZO-1, Occludin, and IL-22, as well as increasing the ratio of ILC3 and NCR+ILC3. UHPLC-QE-MS analysis identified 443 components of PD, and network pharmacology suggested that PD could target the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway, which was confirmed by MNK-3 cells and in vitro fermentation experiments. Furthermore, MNK-3-conditioned medium (CM) increased the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in NCM460 cells. In addition, 16S rDNA results indicated that PD promoted the abundance of Lactobacillales, thus contributing to mucosal damage repair by activating the AHR signal in ILC3s. CONCLUSION In summary, our study demonstrates that PD repairs intestinal mucosal damage in chronic colitis by regulating the interaction of gut flora with ILC3, and the specific mechanism is related to the activation of AHR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Huang
- Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Technology Research Center of Gut Microbiota Transplantation, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qiujuan Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Anjiang Wang
- Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Technology Research Center of Gut Microbiota Transplantation, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Ye Chen
- Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shenzhen Technology Research Center of Gut Microbiota Transplantation, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Li H, Han L, Zong Y, Feng R, Chen W, Geng J, Li J, Zhao Y, Wang Y, He Z, Du R. Deer oil improves ulcerative colitis induced by DSS in mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota and SCFAs metabolism and modulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39189446 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deer oil (DO), a byproduct of deer meat processing, possesses high nutritional value. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of DO on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and to explore its potential mechanisms of action. RESULTS DO was found to inhibit weight loss and colon shortening in colitis mice, significantly reduce disease activity index scores, and notably enhance the levels of tight junction proteins in colon tissues, thus improving intestinal barrier function. ELISA results indicated that DO markedly alleviated the mice's oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Western blot analysis further demonstrated that DO significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB while up-regulating the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins. Additionally, DO increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Odoribacter, Blautia, and Muribaculum, reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Bacteroides, Helicobacter, and Escherichia-Shigella, and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first evidence that DO can effectively improve DSS-induced UC in mice. The underlying mechanisms may involve maintaining intestinal barrier function, inhibiting inflammation, alleviating oxidative stress, and modulation of gut microbiota. These findings offer valuable insights for developing DO as an adjunct treatment for UC and as a functional food. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruyi Feng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianan Geng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Breeding and Product Development Technology of SikaDeer, Changchun, China
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Flores JA, Antonio JM, Suntornsaratoon P, Meadows V, Bandyopadhyay S, Han J, Singh R, Balasubramanian I, Upadhyay R, Liu Y, Bonder EM, Kiela P, Su X, Ferraris R, Gao N. The arginine and nitric oxide metabolic pathway regulate the gut colonization and expansion of Ruminococcous gnavus. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107614. [PMID: 39089585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus is a mucolytic commensal bacterium whose increased gut colonization has been associated with chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases in humans. Whether R. gnavus metabolites can modulate host intestinal physiology remains largely understudied. We performed untargeted metabolomic and bulk RNA-seq analyses using R. gnavus monocolonization in germ-free mice. Based on transcriptome-metabolome correlations, we tested the impact of specific arginine metabolites on intestinal epithelial production of nitric oxide (NO) and examined the effect of NO on the growth of various strains of R. gnavus in vitro and in nitric oxide synthase 2 (Nos2)-deficient mice. R. gnavus produces specific arginine, tryptophan, and tyrosine metabolites, some of which are regulated by the environmental richness of sialic acid and mucin. R. gnavus colonization promotes expression of amino acid transporters and enzymes involved in metabolic flux of arginine and associated metabolites into NO. R. gnavus induced elevated levels of NOS2, while Nos2 ablation resulted in R. gnavus expansion in vivo. The growth of various R. gnavus strains can be inhibited by NO. Specific R. gnavus metabolites modulate intestinal epithelial cell NOS2 abundance and reduce epithelial barrier function at higher concentrations. Intestinal colonization and interaction with R. gnavus are partially regulated by an arginine-NO metabolic pathway, whereby a balanced control by the gut epithelium may restrain R. gnavus growth in healthy individuals. Disruption in this arginine metabolic regulation will contribute to the expansion and blooming of R. gnavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Flores
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jayson M Antonio
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Panan Suntornsaratoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vik Meadows
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Jiangmeng Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rajbir Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Ravij Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Edward M Bonder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pawel Kiela
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Su
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ronaldo Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
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Fernandez-Cantos MV, Babu AF, Hanhineva K, Kuipers OP. Identification of metabolites produced by six gut commensal Bacteroidales strains using non-targeted LC-MS/MS metabolite profiling. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127700. [PMID: 38518452 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
As the most abundant gram-negative bacterial order in the gastrointestinal tract, Bacteroidales bacteria have been extensively studied for their contribution to various aspects of gut health. These bacteria are renowned for their involvement in immunomodulation and their remarkable capacity to break down complex carbohydrates and fibers. However, the human gut microbiota is known to produce many metabolites that ultimately mediate important microbe-host and microbe-microbe interactions. To gain further insights into the metabolites produced by the gut commensal strains of this order, we examined the metabolite composition of their bacterial cell cultures in the stationary phase. Based on their abundance in the gastrointestinal tract and their relevance in health and disease, we selected a total of six bacterial strains from the relevant genera Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Parabacteroides, and Segatella. We grew these strains in modified Gifu anaerobic medium (mGAM) supplemented with mucin, which resembles the gut microbiota's natural environment. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolite profiling revealed 179 annotated metabolites that had significantly differential abundances between the studied bacterial strains and the control growth medium. Most of them belonged to classes such as amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, and nucleot(s)ides. Of particular interest, Segatella copri DSM 18205 (previously referred to as Prevotella copri) produced substantial quantities of the bioactive metabolites phenylethylamine, tyramine, tryptamine, and ornithine. Parabacteroides merdae CL03T12C32 stood out due to its ability to produce cadaverine, histamine, acetylputrescine, and deoxycarnitine. In addition, we found that strains of the genera Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, and Parabacteroides accumulated considerable amounts of proline-hydroxyproline, a collagen-derived bioactive dipeptide. Collectively, these findings offer a more detailed comprehension of the metabolic potential of these Bacteroidales strains, contributing to a better understanding of their role within the human gut microbiome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Fernandez-Cantos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ambrin Farizah Babu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Afekta Technologies Ltd., Microkatu 1, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Afekta Technologies Ltd., Microkatu 1, Kuopio 70210, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, Food Sciences Unit, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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Zhou X, Xu Q, Zhang X, Wang H, Bai Y, Wu Y, Liu X, Wang Z, Hu J, Huang M, Pi Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Han D. Mucin alleviates colonic barrier dysfunction by promoting spermine accumulation through enhanced arginine metabolism in Limosilactobacillus mucosae. mSystems 2024; 9:e0024624. [PMID: 38564708 PMCID: PMC11097634 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00246-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber deprivation is linked to probiotic extinction, mucus barrier dysbiosis, and the overgrowth of mucin-degrading bacteria. However, whether and how mucin could rescue fiber deprivation-induced intestinal barrier defects remains largely unexplored. Here, we sought to investigate the potential role and mechanism by which exogenous mucin maintains the gut barrier function. The results showed that dietary mucin alleviated fiber deprivation-induced disruption of colonic barrier integrity and reduced spermine production in vivo. Importantly, we highlighted that microbial-derived spermine production, but not host-produced spermine, increased significantly after mucin supplementation, with a positive association with upgraded colonic Lactobacillus abundance. After employing an in vitro model, the microbial-derived spermine was consistently dominated by both mucin and Lactobacillus spp. Furthermore, Limosilactobacillus mucosae was identified as an essential spermine-producing Lactobacillus spp., and this isolated strain was responsible for spermine accumulation, especially after adhering to mucin in vitro. Specifically, the mucin-supplemented bacterial supernatant of Limosilactobacillus mucosae was verified to promote intestinal barrier functions through the increased spermine production with a dependence on enhanced arginine metabolism. Overall, these findings collectively provide evidence that mucin-modulated microbial arginine metabolism bridged the interplay between microbes and gut barrier function, illustrating possible implications for host gut health. IMPORTANCE Microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids produced by dietary fiber fermentation have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on intestinal health. However, it is essential to acknowledge that certain amino acids entering the colon can be metabolized by microorganisms to produce polyamines. The polyamines can promote the renewal of intestinal epithelial cell and maintain host-microbe homeostasis. Our study highlighted the specific enrichment by mucin on promoting the arginine metabolism in Limosilactobacillus mucosae to produce spermine, suggesting that microbial-derived polyamines support a significant enhancement on the goblet cell proliferation and barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Madjirebaye P, Peng Z, Mueed A, Huang T, Peng F, Allasra Y, Benar ME, Hu Z, Xie M, Xiong T. Promising probiotic-fermented soymilk for alleviating acute diarrhea: insights into the microbiome and metabolomics. Food Funct 2024; 15:4462-4474. [PMID: 38563684 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05690b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fermented soymilk (FSM4) has attracted much attention due to its nutritional and health characteristics. Exploring FSM4 products to alleviate diarrhea can ensure their effectiveness as a therapeutic food for alleviating gastrointestinal disorders. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and gut metabolite production remains unknown during diarrheal episodes. Therefore, the diarrhea-alleviating role and mechanisms of FSM4 in diarrhea rats were investigated via biochemical, gut microbiota, and serum metabolite analyses. The findings showed that consuming FSM4 improved diarrhea symptoms and reduced systemic inflammation better than non-fermented soymilk (NFSM). It is worth noting that FSM4 promoted the diversity, richness, structure, and composition of gut microbiota. It increased the ability to reduce inflammation associated with harmful bacteria (Anaerofilum, Flavonifractor, Bilophila, Anaerostipes, [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Turicibacter, Ruminococcus_1, Ruminiclostridium_6, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group and Fusicatenibacter), while stimulating the growth of healthy species (Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Oscillibacter, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, Negativibacillus, and Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003). Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed that lipid metabolites such as lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) and sphingolipids were upregulated in the NG group, closely related to pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and the aforementioned pathogenic bacteria. Notably, in treatment groups, especially FSM4, the accumulation of L-ornithine, aspartic acid, ursocholic acid, 18-oxooleate, and cyclopentanethiol was increased, which was robustly associated with the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and beneficial bacteria mentioned above. Therefore, it can be inferred that the amino acids, bile acid, 18-oxooleate, and cyclopentanethiol produced in the FSM4 group can serve as metabolic biomarkers, which synergistically act with the gut microbiota to help alleviate inflammation for diarrhea remission. Overall, FSM4 may provide a new alternative, as an anti-inflammatory diet, to alleviate diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Madjirebaye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Abdul Mueed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
- International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Fei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Yammadjita Allasra
- Faculty of Human Health Sciences, University of N'Djamena, N'Djamena, BP:117, Chad
| | | | - Zhengchen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
| | - Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China.
- School of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, PR China
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8
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Feng C, Peng C, Zhang W, Zhang T, He Q, Kwok LY, Zhang H. Postbiotic Administration Ameliorates Colitis and Inflammation in Rats Possibly through Gut Microbiota Modulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38596883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Postbiotics are preparations of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that are beneficial to host health. Compared with probiotics, the postbiotic dose required for exerting obvious protective effects is unknown. Thus, we conducted a dose-dependent postbiotic intervention study in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis rats. The trial included five rat groups, including: control without DSS/postbiotic treatment, group C; 7-day DSS treatment, group D; 14-day low, medium, and high probiotic doses (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g/kg; groups L, M, H, respectively) after DSS induction. We found that postbiotic intervention effectively mitigated the symptoms and inflammation in colitis rats, evidenced by the improved spleen index, less severe colon tissue damage, and changes in serum cytokine levels (decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β; increase in interleukin-10) in postbiotic groups compared with group D. Moreover, the therapeutic effect was dose-dependent. Fecal metabolomics analysis revealed that the postbiotic recipients had more anti-inflammatory metabolites, namely, salicyloyl phytophingosine, podophylloxin, securinine, baicalein, and diosmetin. Fecal metagenomics analysis revealed that the postbiotic recipients had more beneficial microbes and less pro-inflammatory bacteria. This study confirmed that postbiotics are effective in alleviating colitis in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings are of interest to food scientists, clinicians, and the health food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijiao Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Chuantao Peng
- Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Special Food, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qiuwen He
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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9
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Zhang J, Xia X, Huang W, Li Y, Lin X, Li Y, Yang Z. Photoaging of biodegradable nanoplastics regulates their toxicity to aquatic insects (Chironomus kiinensis) by impairing gut and disrupting intestinal microbiota. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108483. [PMID: 38382402 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastic, a widely used ecofriendly alternative to conventional plastic, easily form nanoplastics (NPs) upon environmental weathering. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms governing the toxicity of photoaged biodegradable NPs to aquatic insects are not understood. In this study, we investigated the photoaging of polylactic acid nanoplastics (PLA-NPs, a typical biodegradable plastic) that were placed under xenon arc lamp for 50 days and 100 days and compared the toxicity of virgin and photoaged PLA-NPs to Chironomus kiinensis (a dominant aquatic insect). The results showed that photoaged PLA-NPs significantly decreased the body weight, body length and emergence rate of C. kiinensis. Additionally, photoaged PLA-NPs induced more severe gut oxidative stress, histological damage, and inflammatory responses than virgin PLA-NPs. Furthermore, the alpha diversity of gut microbiota was lower in photoaged PLA-NPs group than virgin PLA-NPs. The relative abundance of key gut bacteria related to intestinal barrier defense, immunity, and nutrient absorption was reduced more significantly in photoaged PLA-NPs group than virgin PLA, indirectly leading to stronger gut damage and growth reduction. A stronger impact of photoaged PLA-NPs on the gut and its microbiota occurred because photoaging reduced the size of NPs from 255.5 nm (virgin PLA) to 217.1 nm (PLA-50) and 182.5 nm (PLA-100), induced surface oxidation and enhancement of oxidative potential, and improved the stability of NPs, thereby exacerbating toxicity on the gut and its microbiota. This study provides insights into the effects of biodegradable NPs on aquatic insects and highlights the importance of considering biodegradable nanoplastic aging in risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaohan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Yang Y, Hou G, Ji F, Zhou H, Lv R, Hu C. Maternal Supplementation with Ornithine Promotes Placental Angiogenesis and Improves Intestinal Development of Suckling Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:689. [PMID: 38473074 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood vessels of the placenta are crucial for fetal growth. Here, lower vessel density and ornithine (Orn) content were observed in placentae for low-birth-weight fetuses versus normal-birth-weight fetuses at day 75 of gestation. Furthermore, the Orn content in placentae decreased from day 75 to 110 of gestation. To investigate the role of Orn in placental angiogenesis, 48 gilts (Bama pig) were allocated into four groups. The gilts in the control group were fed a basal diet (CON group), while those in the experimental groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.05% Orn (0.05% Orn group), 0.10% Orn (0.10% Orn group), and 0.15% Orn (0.15% Orn group), respectively. The results showed that 0.15% Orn and 0.10% Orn groups exhibited increased birth weight of piglets compared with the CON group. Moreover, the 0.15% Orn group was higher than the CON group in the blood vessel densities of placenta. Mechanistically, Orn facilitated placental angiogenesis by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Furthermore, maternal supplementation with 0.15% Orn during gestation increased the jejunal and ileal villi height and the concentrations of colonic propionate and butyrate in suckling piglets. Collectively, these results showed that maternal supplementation with Orn promotes placental angiogenesis and improves intestinal development of suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Fengjie Ji
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Renlong Lv
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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11
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Speckmann B, Ehring E, Hu J, Rodriguez Mateos A. Exploring substrate-microbe interactions: a metabiotic approach toward developing targeted synbiotic compositions. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2305716. [PMID: 38300741 PMCID: PMC10841028 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2305716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is an important modulator of human health and contributes to high inter-individual variation in response to food and pharmaceutical ingredients. The clinical outcomes of interventions with prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been mixed and often unpredictable, arguing for novel approaches for developing microbiome-targeted therapeutics. Here, we review how the gut microbiota determines the fate of and individual responses to dietary and xenobiotic compounds via its immense metabolic potential. We highlight that microbial metabolites play a crucial role as targetable mediators in the microbiota-host health relationship. With this in mind, we expand the concept of synbiotics beyond prebiotics' role in facilitating growth and engraftment of probiotics, by focusing on microbial metabolism as a vital mode of action thereof. Consequently, we discuss synbiotic compositions that enable the guided metabolism of dietary or co-formulated ingredients by specific microbes leading to target molecules with beneficial functions. A workflow to develop novel synbiotics is presented, including the selection of promising target metabolites (e.g. equol, urolithin A, spermidine, indole-3 derivatives), identification of suitable substrates and producer strains applying bioinformatic tools, gut models, and eventually human trials.In conclusion, we propose that discovering and enabling specific substrate-microbe interactions is a valuable strategy to rationally design synbiotics that could establish a new category of hybrid nutra-/pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaying Hu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ana Rodriguez Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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12
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Wang N, Mo S, Wu T, Mehmood MA, Sun H, Tang Y, Mei J, Mei Y, Fang W, Xiao X, Zhu H. Metabolomic Analysis of Fermented Tibetan Tea Using Bacillus circulans and Their Biological Activity on Mice via the Intestine-Hepatic Axis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1653-1664. [PMID: 36806153 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of Bacillus circulans as the sole starter provides better process control compared to natural fermentation. However, the chemical composition of fermented Tibetan tea by B. circulans and its regulatory effects on the intestine-liver axis has not been reported. For this purpose, a high-resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics approach was performed. The effects of fermented Tibetan tea on the intestine-liver axis of mice were also evaluated. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that the contents of catechin derivatives, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids increased by 0.3, 2.38, 2.65, and 3.36%, respectively, compared with those before fermentation. Furthermore, 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the intestine increased after consumption of fermented tea. Additionally, based on histological and quantitative PCR analyses, fermented Tibetan tea also improved intestinal development and intestinal barrier function in mouse, while increasing the antioxidant capacity of mouse liver. Thus, fermented Tibetan tea could provide beneficial health effects through the intestine-liver axis. These findings have facilitated the study of the chemical composition of Tibetan tea and provided theoretical support for its use as a natural beverage with intestinal probiotic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Shan Mo
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yongqing Tang
- Chengdu Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle (Luzhou) Advanced Technology Research Institute, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Sichuan Jixiang Tea Co., Ltd., Ya'an, 625000, China
| | - Yuan Mei
- Sichuan Jixiang Tea Co., Ltd., Ya'an, 625000, China
| | - Wen Fang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Xiongjun Xiao
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China.
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13
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Koprivica I, Stanisavljević S, Mićanović D, Jevtić B, Stojanović I, Miljković Đ. ILC3: a case of conflicted identity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271699. [PMID: 37915588 PMCID: PMC10616800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells type 3 (ILC3s) are the first line sentinels at the mucous tissues, where they contribute to the homeostatic immune response in a major way. Also, they have been increasingly appreciated as important modulators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune responses, both locally and systemically. The proper identification of ILC3 is of utmost importance for meaningful studies on their role in immunity. Flow cytometry is the method of choice for the detection and characterization of ILC3. However, the analysis of ILC3-related papers shows inconsistency in ILC3 phenotypic definition, as different inclusion and exclusion markers are used for their identification. Here, we present these discrepancies in the phenotypic characterization of human and mouse ILC3s. We discuss the pros and cons of using various markers for ILC3 identification. Furthermore, we consider the possibilities for the efficient isolation and propagation of ILC3 from different organs and tissues for in-vitro and in-vivo studies. This paper calls upon uniformity in ILC3 definition, isolation, and propagation for the increased possibility of confluent interpretation of ILC3's role in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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14
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Fang C, Cheng J, Jia W, Xu Y. Akkermansia muciniphila Ameliorates Alcoholic Liver Disease in Experimental Mice by Regulating Serum Metabolism and Improving Gut Dysbiosis. Metabolites 2023; 13:1057. [PMID: 37887381 PMCID: PMC10608788 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a significant global health concern, yet the available treatment options remain limited. Numerous studies have shown that gut microbiota is a critical target for the treatment of ALD. Additionally, there is increasing evidence that host metabolism also plays a crucial role in the development of ALD. Akkermansia muciniphila has been demonstrated to ameliorate experimental ALD through its modulatory effects on the intestinal vascular barrier, enhancement of mucus layer thickness, and promotion of intestinal tight junction proteins. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of studies investigating the impact of A. muciniphila on host metabolism and gut microbiota. Here, C57BL/6 mice were utilized to establish a modified NIAAA model in order to investigate the impact of the oral administration of A. muciniphila during the development of ALD. Furthermore, we employed targeted metabolomics to analyze the serum metabolomic profiles of the mice and 2bRAD-M sequencing to comprehensively examine the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of A. muciniphila on ALD. Our results illustrated that the oral administration of A. muciniphila alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in conjunction with encouraged serum levels of ornithine and diminished the elevation of oxalic acid levels induced by alcohol intake. In addition, A. muciniphila also inhibited the proliferation of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Helicobacter hepaticus, induced by alcohol consumption while promoting the growth of butyrate-producing and commensal bacteria, including Paramuribaculum intestinale and Bacteroides ovatus. In conclusion, this study suggests that A. muciniphila restores ALD by regulating the gut microbiota, and this corrective effect is associated with alterations in the serum metabolism. Our research supplies a theoretical basis for developing A. muciniphila as an innovative generation of probiotic for preventing and managing ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinyan Cheng
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China;
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.F.); (J.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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15
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Shi J, Ma D, Gao S, Long F, Wang X, Pu X, Cannon RD, Han TL. Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-derived outer membrane vesicles modulate the intestinal microbiome and host gut-liver metabolome in obese and diabetic mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1219763. [PMID: 37649633 PMCID: PMC10465304 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1219763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity and diabetes are common chronic metabolic disorders which can cause an imbalance of the intestinal flora and gut-liver metabolism. Several studies have shown that probiotics, including Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), promote microbial balance and metabolic health. However, there are no studies on how EcN outer membrane vesicles (EcN-OMVs) influence the intestinal microflora and affect the metabolic disorders of obesity and diabetes. Methods In this study, we evaluated the effects of EcN-OMVs on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and HFD + streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Results EcN-OMVs could reduce body weight, decrease blood glucose, and increase plasma insulin in obese mice. Similarly, EcN-OMVs treatment could modify the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the gut, elevate intestinal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing flora, and influence the SCFA content of the intestine. Furthermore, the intestinal metabolites ornithine and fumaric acid, hepatic ω-6 unsaturated fatty acids, and SCFAs were significantly increased after administering EcN-OMVs. Discussion Overall, this study showed that EcN-OMVs might act as post-biotic agents that could modulate gut-liver metabolism and ameliorate the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - DongXue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - ShanHu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - XingYu Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard D. Cannon
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ting-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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François-Étienne S, Nicolas L, Eric N, Jaqueline C, Pierre-Luc M, Sidki B, Aleicia H, Danilo B, Luis VA, Nicolas D. Important role of endogenous microbial symbionts of fish gills in the challenging but highly biodiverse Amazonian blackwaters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3903. [PMID: 37414754 PMCID: PMC10326040 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amazonian blackwaters are extremely biodiverse systems containing some of Earth's most naturally acidic, dissolved organic carbon -rich and ion-poor waters. Physiological adaptations of fish facing these ionoregulatory challenges are unresolved but could involve microbially-mediated processes. Here, we characterize the physiological response of 964 fish-microbe systems from four blackwater Teleost species along a natural hydrochemical gradient, using dual RNA-Seq and 16 S rRNA of gill samples. We find that host transcriptional responses to blackwaters are species-specific, but occasionally include the overexpression of Toll-receptors and integrins associated to interkingdom communication. Blackwater gill microbiomes are characterized by a transcriptionally-active betaproteobacterial cluster potentially interfering with epithelial permeability. We explore further blackwater fish-microbe interactions by analyzing transcriptomes of axenic zebrafish larvae exposed to sterile, non-sterile and inverted (non-native bacterioplankton) blackwater. We find that axenic zebrafish survive poorly when exposed to sterile/inverted blackwater. Overall, our results suggest a critical role for endogenous symbionts in blackwater fish physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain François-Étienne
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Fisheries and Oceans, Gulf Fisheries Center, 343 University Ave, Moncton, NB, E1C 5K4, Canada.
| | - Leroux Nicolas
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Normandeau Eric
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Custodio Jaqueline
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Evolução Molecular, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Mercier Pierre-Luc
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bouslama Sidki
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Holland Aleicia
- La Trobe University, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, Department of Environment and Genetics, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic, Australia
| | - Barroso Danilo
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Evolução Molecular, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Val Adalberto Luis
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Evolução Molecular, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Derome Nicolas
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, 1030 avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1V 0A6, Canada
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17
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Wen JJ, Li MZ, Nie SP. Dietary supplementation with resistant starch contributes to intestinal health. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:334-340. [PMID: 37057658 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Resistant starch has received much attention recently as a healthy carbohydrate component of the diet. Resistant starch is not digested in the small intestine and can thus affect the gut microbiota of the host because of its fermentability. This review summarizes the interactions along the resistant starch-gut microbiota-host axis to help understand the health effects of resistant starch. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies indicate that resistant starch can be a helpful dietary component for special disease states like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, constipation, and colitis. Its health effects are associated with modulation of the gut microbiota, and with gut microbes converting resistant starch into active and bioavailable metabolites that promote intestinal health. SUMMARY The results from human clinical trials and studies in animal models indicate that supplementation of the diet with resistant starch in different metabolic diseases help remodel gut microbiota, especially increasing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, and produce bioactive metabolites like SCFA, bile acids, and amino acids responsible for a variety of health effects. The gut microbiota and microbial metabolites probably mediate the effects of resistant starch on intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Ortiz Camargo AR, van Mastrigt O, Bongers RS, Ben-Amor K, Knol J, Abee T, Smid EJ. Quantitative Physiology and Proteome Adaptations of Bifidobacterium breve NRBB57 at Near-Zero Growth Rates. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0256822. [PMID: 37184421 PMCID: PMC10269484 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02568-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In natural environments, nutrients are usually scarce, causing microorganisms to grow slowly while staying metabolically active. These natural conditions can be simulated using retentostat cultivations. The present study describes the physiological and proteome adaptations of the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve NRBB57 from high (0.4 h-1) to near-zero growth rates. Lactose-limited retentostat cultivations were carried out for 21 days in which the bacterial growth rate progressively reduced to 0.00092 h-1, leading to a 3.4-fold reduction of the maintenance energy requirement. Lactose was mainly converted into acetate, formate, and ethanol at high growth rates, while in the retentostat, lactate production increased. Interestingly, the consumption of several amino acids (serine, aspartic acid, and glutamine/arginine) and glycerol increased over time in the retentostat. Morphological changes and viable but nonculturable cells were also observed in the retentostat. Proteomes were compared for all growth rates, revealing a downregulation of ribosomal proteins at near-zero growth rates and an upregulation of proteins involved in the catabolism of alternative energy sources. Finally, we observed induction of the stringent response and stress defense systems. Retentostat cultivations were proven useful to study the physiology of B. breve, mimicking the nutrient scarcity of its complex habitat, the human gut. IMPORTANCE In natural environments, nutrients are usually scarce, causing microorganisms to grow slowly while staying metabolically active. In this study we used retentostat cultivation to investigate how the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve adapts its physiology and proteome under severe nutrient limitation resulting in near-zero growth rates (<0.001 h-1). We showed that the nutrient limitation induced a multifaceted response including stress defense and stringent response, metabolic shifts, and the activation of novel alternative energy-producing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar van Mastrigt
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy J. Smid
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Wang Z, Peters BA, Bryant M, Hanna DB, Schwartz T, Wang T, Sollecito CC, Usyk M, Grassi E, Wiek F, Peter LS, Post WS, Landay AL, Hodis HN, Weber KM, French A, Golub ET, Lazar J, Gustafson D, Sharma A, Anastos K, Clish CB, Burk RD, Kaplan RC, Knight R, Qi Q. Gut microbiota, circulating inflammatory markers and metabolites, and carotid artery atherosclerosis in HIV infection. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:119. [PMID: 37237391 PMCID: PMC10224225 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in gut microbiota have been implicated in HIV infection and cardiovascular disease. However, how gut microbial alterations relate to host inflammation and metabolite profiles, and their relationships with atherosclerosis, have not been well-studied, especially in the context of HIV infection. Here, we examined associations of gut microbial species and functional components measured by shotgun metagenomics with carotid artery plaque assessed by B-mode carotid artery ultrasound in 320 women with or at high risk of HIV (65% HIV +) from the Women's Interagency HIV Study. We further integrated plaque-associated microbial features with serum proteomics (74 inflammatory markers measured by the proximity extension assay) and plasma metabolomics (378 metabolites measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) in relation to carotid artery plaque in up to 433 women. RESULTS Fusobacterium nucleatum, a potentially pathogenic bacteria, was positively associated with carotid artery plaque, while five microbial species (Roseburia hominis, Roseburia inulinivorans, Johnsonella ignava, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Clostridium saccharolyticum) were inversely associated with plaque. Results were consistent between women with and without HIV. Fusobacterium nucleatum was positively associated with several serum proteomic inflammatory markers (e.g., CXCL9), and the other plaque-related species were inversely associated with proteomic inflammatory markers (e.g., CX3CL1). These microbial-associated proteomic inflammatory markers were also positively associated with plaque. Associations between bacterial species (especially Fusobacterium nucleatum) and plaque were attenuated after further adjustment for proteomic inflammatory markers. Plaque-associated species were correlated with several plasma metabolites, including the microbial metabolite imidazole-propionate (ImP), which was positively associated with plaque and several pro-inflammatory markers. Further analysis identified additional bacterial species and bacterial hutH gene (encoding enzyme histidine ammonia-lyase in ImP production) associated with plasma ImP levels. A gut microbiota score based on these ImP-associated species was positively associated with plaque and several pro-inflammatory markers. CONCLUSION Among women living with or at risk of HIV, we identified several gut bacterial species and a microbial metabolite ImP associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis, which might be related to host immune activation and inflammation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tara Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Evan Grassi
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Fanua Wiek
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lauren St Peter
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Howard N Hodis
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Audrey French
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Golub
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Lazar
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Murali A, Giri V, Zickgraf FM, Ternes P, Cameron HJ, Sperber S, Haake V, Driemert P, Kamp H, Funk-Weyer D, Sturla SJ, Rietjens IMCM, van Ravenzwaay B. Connecting Gut Microbial Diversity with Plasma Metabolome and Fecal Bile Acid Changes Induced by the Antibiotics Tobramycin and Colistin Sulfate. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:598-616. [PMID: 36972423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The diversity of microbial species in the gut has a strong influence on health and development of the host. Further, there are indications that the variation in expression of gut bacterial metabolic enzymes is less diverse than the taxonomic profile, underlying the importance of microbiome functionality, particularly from a toxicological perspective. To address these relationships, the gut bacterial composition of Wistar rats was altered by a 28 day oral treatment with the antibiotics tobramycin or colistin sulfate. On the basis of 16S marker gene sequencing data, tobramycin was found to cause a strong reduction in the diversity and relative abundance of the microbiome, whereas colistin sulfate had only a marginal impact. Associated plasma and fecal metabolomes were characterized by targeted mass spectrometry-based profiling. The fecal metabolome of tobramycin-treated animals had a high number of significant alterations in metabolite levels compared to controls, particularly in amino acids, lipids, bile acids (BAs), carbohydrates, and energy metabolites. The accumulation of primary BAs and significant reduction of secondary BAs in the feces indicated that the microbial alterations induced by tobramycin inhibit bacterial deconjugation reactions. The plasma metabolome showed less, but still many alterations in the same metabolite groups, including reductions in indole derivatives and hippuric acid, and furthermore, despite marginal effects of colistin sulfate treatment, there were nonetheless systemic alterations also in BAs. Aside from these treatment-based differences, we also uncovered interindividual differences particularly centering on the loss of Verrucomicrobiaceae in the microbiome, but with no apparent associated metabolite alterations. Finally, by comparing the data set from this study with metabolome alterations in the MetaMapTox database, key metabolite alterations were identified as plasma biomarkers indicative of altered gut microbiomes resulting from a wide activity spectrum of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Giri
- BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 67056, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Ternes
- Metanomics (BASF Metabolome Solutions) GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin 10589, Germany
| | - Hunter James Cameron
- BASF Corporation Computational Biology (RTP), Research Triangle Park, 3500 Paramount Parkway, Morrisvile, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Saskia Sperber
- BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 67056, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
| | - Volker Haake
- Metanomics (BASF Metabolome Solutions) GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin 10589, Germany
| | - Peter Driemert
- Metanomics (BASF Metabolome Solutions) GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin 10589, Germany
| | - Hennicke Kamp
- Metanomics (BASF Metabolome Solutions) GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin 10589, Germany
| | | | - Shana J Sturla
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich CH 8092, Switzerland
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21
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Industrial and Ruminant Trans-Fatty Acids-Enriched Diets Differentially Modulate the Microbiome and Fecal Metabolites in C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061433. [PMID: 36986163 PMCID: PMC10052023 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrially originated trans-fatty acids (I-tFAs), such as elaidic acid (EA), and ruminant trans-fatty acids (R-tFAs), such as trans-palmitoleic acid (TPA), may have opposite effects on metabolic health. The objective was to compare the effects of consuming 2–3% I-tFA or R-tFA on the gut microbiome and fecal metabolite profile in mice after 7 and 28 days. Forty C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of the four prepared formulations: lecithin nanovesicles, lecithin nanovesicles with EA or TPA, or water. Fecal samples and animals’ weights were collected on days 0, 7, and 28. Fecal samples were used to determine gut microbiome profiles by 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolite concentrations by GC/MS. At 28 days, TPA intake decreased the abundance of Staphylococcus sp55 but increased Staphylococcus sp119. EA intake also increased the abundance of Staphylococcus sp119 but decreased Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 at 28 days. Fecal short-chain fatty acids were increased after TPA while decreased after EA after 7 and 28 days. This study shows that TPA and EA modify the abundance of specific microbial taxa and fecal metabolite profiles in distinct ways.
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22
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Jinno C, Wong B, Klünemann M, Htoo J, Li X, Liu Y. Effects of supplementation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on performance, systemic immunity, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic enterotoxigenic E. coli F18. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1101457. [PMID: 37007512 PMCID: PMC10050357 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus (B.) amyloliquefaciens on growth performance, diarrhea, systemic immunity, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with F18 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). A total of 50 weaned pigs (7.41 ± 1.35 kg BW) were individually housed and randomly allotted to one of the following five treatments: sham control (CON-), sham B. amyloliquefaciens (BAM-), challenged control (CON+), challenged B. amyloliquefaciens (BAM+), and challenged carbadox (AGP+). The experiment lasted 28 days, with 7 days of adaptation and 21 days after the first ETEC inoculation. ETEC challenge reduced (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) of pigs. Compared with CON+, AGP+ enhanced (P < 0.05) ADG, while B. amyloliquefaciens supplementation tended (P < 0.10) to increase ADG in pigs from days 0 to 21 post-inoculation (PI). The ETEC challenge increased (P < 0.05) white blood cell (WBC) count on days 7 and 21 PI, while BAM+ pigs tended (P < 0.10) to have low WBC on day 7 PI and had lower (P < 0.05) WBC on day 21 PI compared with CON+. In comparison to AGP+ fecal microbiota, BAM+ had a lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae on day 0 and Clostridiaceae on day 21 PI, but a higher (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Enterobacyeriaceae on day 0. In ileal digesta, the Shannon index was higher (P < 0.05) in BAM+ than in AGP+. Bray-Curtis PCoA displayed a difference in bacterial community composition in ileal digesta collected from sham pigs vs. ETEC-infected pigs on day 21 PI. Pigs in BAM+ had a greater (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Firmicutes, but a lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Actinomycetota and Bacteroidota in ileal digesta than pigs in AGP+. Ileal digesta from AGP+ had a greater (P < 0.05) abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 but lower (P < 0.05) Bifidobacterium than pigs in BAM+. In conclusion, supplementation of B. amyloliquefaciens tended to increase ADG and had limited effects on the diarrhea of ETEC-infected pigs. However, pigs fed with B. amyloliquefaciens exhibit milder systemic inflammation than controls. B. amyloliquefaciens differently modified the intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs compared with carbadox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Jinno
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Braden Wong
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - John Htoo
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Hanau, Germany
| | - Xunde Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Liu
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23
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Tang H, Huang W, Yao YF. The metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: classification, biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiota. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:49-62. [PMID: 36908281 PMCID: PMC9993431 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.03.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ubiquitous microorganisms that can colonize the intestine and participate in the physiological metabolism of the host. LAB can produce a variety of metabolites, including organic acids, bacteriocin, amino acids, exopolysaccharides and vitamins. These metabolites are the basis of LAB function and have a profound impact on host health. The intestine is colonized by a large number of gut microorganisms with high species diversity. Metabolites of LAB can keep the balance and stability of gut microbiota through aiding in the maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier, resisting to pathogens and regulating immune responses, which further influence the nutrition, metabolism and behavior of the host. In this review, we summarize the metabolites of LAB and their influence on the intestine. We also discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms and emphasize the link between LAB and the human gut from the perspective of health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases (20dz2261100), Shanghai 200025, China
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24
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Wu L, Gao L, Jin X, Chen Z, Qiao X, Cui X, Gao J, Zhang L. Ethanol Extract of Mao Jian Green Tea Attenuates Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation via the 5-hydroxytryptamine Signaling Pathway. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051101. [PMID: 36900618 PMCID: PMC10000491 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated that the hydro extract of Mao Jian Green Tea (MJGT) promotes gastrointestinal motility. In this study, the effect of MJGT ethanol extract (MJGT_EE) in treating irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in a rat model constructed via maternal separation combined with an ice water stimulation was investigated. First, a successful model construction was confirmed through the determination of the fecal water content (FWC) and the smallest colorectal distension (CRD) volume. Then, the overall regulatory effects of MJGT_EE on the gastrointestinal tract were preliminarily evaluated through gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion tests. Our findings indicated that MJGT_EE significantly increased FWC (p < 0.01) and the smallest CRD volume (p < 0.05) and promoted gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion (p < 0.01). Furthermore, mechanistically, MJGT_EE reduced intestinal sensitivity by regulating the expression of proteins related to the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) pathway. More specifically, it decreased tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression (p < 0.05) and increased serotonin transporter (SERT) expression (p < 0.05), thereby decreasing 5-HT secretion (p < 0.01), activating the calmodulin (CaM)/myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) pathway, and increasing 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) expression (p < 0.05). Moreover, MJGT_EE enhanced the diversity of gut microbiota, increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria, and regulated the number of 5-HT-related bacteria. Flavonoids may play the role of being active ingredients in MJGT_EE. These findings suggest that MJGT_EE could serve as a potential therapeutic pathway for IBS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Liming Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xutong Qiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiting Cui
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (L.Z.)
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25
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Ali FE, Ibrahim IM, Ghogar OM, Abd-alhameed EK, Althagafy HS, Hassanein EH. Therapeutic interventions target the NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: Comprehensive study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1026-1053. [PMID: 36844140 PMCID: PMC9950862 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon, beginning with the rectum, and can progress from asymptomatic mild inflammation to extensive inflammation of the entire colon. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of UC pathogenesis emphasizes the need for innovative therapeutic approaches based on identifying molecular targets. Interestingly, in response to cellular injury, the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a crucial part of the inflammation and immunological reaction by promoting caspase-1 activation and the release of interleukin-1β. This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by various signals and its regulation and impact on UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares E.M Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ghogar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Esraa K. Abd-alhameed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 12345, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 12345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H.M. Hassanein
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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26
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Metabolic Pathway Analysis: Advantages and Pitfalls for the Functional Interpretation of Metabolomics and Lipidomics Data. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020244. [PMID: 36830612 PMCID: PMC9953275 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, pathway analysis has become one of the most commonly used approaches for the functional interpretation of metabolomics data. Although the approach is widely used, it is not well standardized and the impact of different methodologies on the functional outcome is not well understood. Using four publicly available datasets, we investigated two main aspects of topological pathway analysis, namely the consideration of non-human native enzymatic reactions (e.g., from microbiota) and the interconnectivity of individual pathways. The exclusion of non-human native reactions led to detached and poorly represented reaction networks and to loss of information. The consideration of connectivity between pathways led to better emphasis of certain central metabolites in the network; however, it occasionally overemphasized the hub compounds. We proposed and examined a penalization scheme to diminish the effect of such compounds in the pathway evaluation. In order to compare and assess the results between different methodologies, we also performed over-representation analysis of the same datasets. We believe that our findings will raise awareness on both the capabilities and shortcomings of the currently used pathway analysis practices in metabolomics. Additionally, it will provide insights on various methodologies and strategies that should be considered for the analysis and interpretation of metabolomics data.
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27
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Wang M, Cha R, Hao W, Du R, Zhang P, Hu Y, Jiang X. Nanocrystalline Cellulose Cures Constipation via Gut Microbiota Metabolism. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16481-16496. [PMID: 36129390 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constipation can seriously affect the quality of life and increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The present strategies for constipation therapy have adverse effects, such as causing irreversible intestinal damage and affecting the absorption of nutrients. Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), which is from natural plants, has good biocompatibility and high safety. Herein, we used NCC to treat constipation assessed by the black stool, intestinal tissue sections, and serum biomarkers. We studied the effect of NCC on gut microbiota and discussed the correlation of gut microbiota and metabolites. We evaluated the long-term biosafety of NCC. NCC could effectively treat constipation through gut microbiota metabolism, which required a small dosage and did not affect the organs and intestines. NCC could be used as an alternative to medications and dietary fiber for constipation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitao Cha
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuai Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Du
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518124, People's Republic of China
| | - Pai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingmo Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China
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Oral supplementation with selected Lactobacillus acidophilus triggers IL-17-dependent innate defense response, activation of innate lymphoid cells type 3 and improves colitis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17591. [PMID: 36266398 PMCID: PMC9585059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Live biotherapeutic products constitute an emerging therapeutic approach to prevent or treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a constituent of the human microbiota with probiotic potential, that is illustrated by improvement of intestinal inflammation and antimicrobial activity against several pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory properties of the L. acidophilus strain BIO5768 at steady state and upon acute inflammation. Supplementation of naïve mice with BIO5768 heightened the transcript level of some IL-17 target genes encoding for protein with microbicidal activity independently of NOD2 signaling. Of these, the BIO5768-induced expression of Angiogenin-4 was blunted in monocolonized mice that are deficient for the receptor of IL-17 (but not for NOD2). Interestingly, priming of bone marrow derived dendritic cells by BIO5768 enhanced their ability to support the secretion of IL-17 by CD4+ T cells. Equally of importance, the production of IL-22 by type 3 innate lymphoid cells is concomitantly heightened in response to BIO5768. When administered alone or in combination with Bifidobacterium animalis spp. lactis BIO5764 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri, BIO5768 was able to alleviate at least partially intestinal inflammation induced by Citrobacter rodentium infection. Furthermore, BIO5768 was also able to improve colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). In conclusion, we identify a new potential probiotic strain for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases, and provide some insights into its IL-17-dependent and independent mode of action.
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Cortés A, Martin J, Rosa BA, Stark KA, Clare S, McCarthy C, Harcourt K, Brandt C, Tolley C, Lawley TD, Mitreva M, Berriman M, Rinaldi G, Cantacessi C. The gut microbial metabolic capacity of microbiome-humanized vs. wild type rodents reveals a likely dual role of intestinal bacteria in hepato-intestinal schistosomiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010878. [PMID: 36279280 PMCID: PMC9633004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that the host gut microbiota might be involved in the immunological cascade that culminates with the formation of tissue granulomas underlying the pathophysiology of hepato-intestinal schistosomiasis. In this study, we investigated the impact of Schistosoma mansoni infection on the gut microbial composition and functional potential of both wild type and microbiome-humanized mice. In spite of substantial differences in microbiome composition at baseline, selected pathways were consistently affected by parasite infection. The gut microbiomes of infected mice of both lines displayed, amongst other features, enhanced capacity for tryptophan and butyrate production, which might be linked to the activation of mechanisms aimed to prevent excessive injuries caused by migrating parasite eggs. Complementing data from previous studies, our findings suggest that the host gut microbiome might play a dual role in the pathophysiology of schistosomiasis, where intestinal bacteria may contribute to egg-associated pathology while, in turn, protect the host from uncontrolled tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cortés
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - John Martin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Rosa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Klara A. Stark
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Clare
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Harcourt
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Cordelia Brandt
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Tolley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor D. Lawley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Matthew Berriman
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Cantacessi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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30
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Zarei I, Koistinen VM, Kokla M, Klåvus A, Babu AF, Lehtonen M, Auriola S, Hanhineva K. Tissue-wide metabolomics reveals wide impact of gut microbiota on mice metabolite composition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15018. [PMID: 36056162 PMCID: PMC9440220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential role of gut microbiota in health and disease is well recognized, but the biochemical details that underlie the beneficial impact remain largely undefined. To maintain its stability, microbiota participates in an interactive host-microbiota metabolic signaling, impacting metabolic phenotypes of the host. Dysbiosis of microbiota results in alteration of certain microbial and host metabolites. Identifying these markers could enhance early detection of certain diseases. We report LC-MS based non-targeted metabolic profiling that demonstrates a large effect of gut microbiota on mammalian tissue metabolites. It was hypothesized that gut microbiota influences the overall biochemistry of host metabolome and this effect is tissue-specific. Thirteen different tissues from germ-free (GF) and conventionally-raised (MPF) C57BL/6NTac mice were selected and their metabolic differences were analyzed. Our study demonstrated a large effect of microbiota on mammalian biochemistry at different tissues and resulted in statistically-significant modulation of metabolites from multiple metabolic pathways (p ≤ 0.05). Hundreds of molecular features were detected exclusively in one mouse group, with the majority of these being unique to specific tissue. A vast metabolic response of host to metabolites generated by the microbiota was observed, suggesting gut microbiota has a direct impact on host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zarei
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ville M Koistinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Marietta Kokla
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anton Klåvus
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ambrin Farizah Babu
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20014, Turku, Finland.
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31
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Zhao C, Bao L, Qiu M, Feng L, Chen L, Liu Z, Duan S, Zhao Y, Wu K, Zhang N, Hu X, Fu Y. Dietary Tryptophan-Mediated Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation by the Gut Microbiota Alleviates Escherichia coli-Induced Endometritis in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0081122. [PMID: 35727038 PMCID: PMC9430277 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00811-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation plays an important role in host-microbiota interactions and disease development. However, whether AhR activation mediates infection-induced inflammation in remote organs is not clear. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects and underlying mechanism of AhR activation and gut microbiota-mediated dietary tryptophan (Trp) metabolism on infection-induced inflammation using an Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced endometritis model in mice. We found that AhR activation by 6-formylindolo (3,2-b) carbazole (Ficz), which is an AhR agonist derived from the photooxidation of Trp, alleviated E. coli-induced endometritis by repairing barrier function and inhibiting inflammatory responses, while inhibition of AhR by CH223191, which is a synthetic AhR antagonist, aggravated E. coli-induced endometritis. Gut dysbiosis damaged AhR activation and exacerbated E. coli-induced endometritis in mice, which responded to the reduced abundance of AhR ligand producers, such as Lactobacillus spp. Supplementation with dietary Trp ameliorated E. coli-induced endometritis in a microbiota-dependent manner, which was associated with the production of AhR ligands. Administration of AhR ligands, including indole and indole aldehyde, but not indole-3-propionic acid, rescued the protective effect of Trp on E. coli-induced endometritis in dysbiotic mice. Moreover, consumption of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) containing AhR ligand-producing capability also alleviated E. coli-induced endometritis in mice in an AhR-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that microbiota-mediated AhR activation is a key factor in fighting pathogen-caused inflammation, which leads to a potential strategy to regulate the gut microbiota and metabolism by dietary Trp or probiotics for the intervention of infectious diseases and reproductive health. IMPORTANCE Infection-induced endometritis is a common and frequently occurring disease in humans and animals. Accumulating evidence suggests an important role of the gut microbiota in the development of infection-induced inflammation. Whether and how gut microbiota-mediated AhR activation regulates the pathogenesis of pathogen-induced endometritis remains unknown. The current study found that AhR activation ameliorated E. coli-induced endometritis, and inhibition of AhR produced negative results. Gut dysbiosis reduced the abundance of AhR ligand producers including Lactobacillus spp., damaged AhR activation, and exacerbated E. coli-induced endometritis. Supplementation with dietary Trp, AhR ligands, and L. reuteri containing AhR ligand-producing capability alleviated E. coli-induced endometritis in mice. Our results suggest an important role of microbiota-mediated AhR activation in the pathogenesis of endometritis and provide potential strategies for the intervention of infectious diseases and reproductive health by regulating the gut microbiota and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lijuan Bao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lianjun Feng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Luotong Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhuoyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shiyu Duan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yihong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Keyi Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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32
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Meta-Analysis of Altered Gut Microbiota Reveals Microbial and Metabolic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0001322. [PMID: 35766483 PMCID: PMC9431300 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00013-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The dysbiotic gut microbiota and its metabolite secretions play a significant role in CRC development and progression. In this study, we identified microbial and metabolic biomarkers applicable to CRC using a meta-analysis of metagenomic datasets from diverse geographical regions. We used LEfSe, random forest (RF), and co-occurrence network methods to identify microbial biomarkers. Geographic dataset-specific markers were identified and evaluated using area under the ROC curve (AUC) scores and random effect size. Co-occurrence networks analysis showed a reduction in the overall microbial associations and the presence of oral pathogenic microbial clusters in CRC networks. Analysis of predicted metabolites from CRC datasets showed the enrichment of amino acids, cadaverine, and creatine in CRC, which were positively correlated with CRC-associated microbes (Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Gemella morbillorum, Bacteroides fragilis, Parvimonas spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Solobacterium moorei, and Clostridium symbiosum), and negatively correlated with control-associated microbes. Conversely, butyrate, nicotinamide, choline, tryptophan, and 2-hydroxybutanoic acid showed positive correlations with control-associated microbes (P < 0.05). Overall, our study identified a set of global CRC biomarkers that are reproducible across geographic regions. We also reported significant differential metabolites and microbe-metabolite interactions associated with CRC. This study provided significant insights for further investigations leading to the development of noninvasive CRC diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions. IMPORTANCE Several studies showed associations between gut dysbiosis and CRC. Yet, the results are not conclusive due to cohort-specific associations that are influenced by genomic, dietary, and environmental stimuli and associated reproducibility issues with various analysis approaches. Emerging evidence suggests the role of microbial metabolites in modulating host inflammation and DNA damage in CRC. However, the experimental validations have been hindered by cost, resources, and cumbersome technical expertise required for metabolomic investigations. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of CRC microbiota data from diverse geographical regions using multiple methods to achieve reproducible results. We used a computational approach to predict the metabolomic profiles using existing CRC metagenomic datasets. We identified a reliable set of CRC-specific biomarkers from this analysis, including microbial and metabolite markers. In addition, we revealed significant microbe-metabolite associations through correlation analysis and microbial gene families associated with dysregulated metabolic pathways in CRC, which are essential in understanding the vastly sporadic nature of CRC development and progression.
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Webberley TS, Masetti G, Bevan RJ, Kerry-Smith J, Jack AA, Michael DR, Thomas S, Glymenaki M, Li J, McDonald JAK, John D, Morgan JE, Marchesi JR, Good MA, Plummer SF, Hughes TR. The Impact of Probiotic Supplementation on Cognitive, Pathological and Metabolic Markers in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:843105. [PMID: 35685773 PMCID: PMC9172594 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.843105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be exacerbated by aberrant metabolism. Supplementation with probiotic bacteria is emerging as a promising preventative strategy for both neurodegeneration and metabolic syndrome. In this study, we assess the impact of the Lab4b probiotic consortium on (i) cognitive and pathological markers of AD progression and (ii) metabolic status in 3xTg-AD mice subjected to metabolic challenge with a high fat diet. The group receiving the probiotic performed better in the novel object recognition test and displayed higher hippocampal neuronal spine density than the control group at the end of the 12 weeks intervention period. These changes were accompanied by differences in localised (brain) and systemic anti-inflammatory responses that favoured the Probiotic group together with the prevention of diet induced weight gain and hypercholesterolaemia and the modulation of liver function. Compositional differences between the faecal microbiotas of the study groups included a lower Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio and less numbers of viable yeast in the Probiotic group compared to the Control. The results illustrate the potential of the Lab4b probiotic as a neuroprotective agent and encourage further studies with human participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Webberley
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Cultech Ltd., Port Talbot, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ryan J Bevan
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Glymenaki
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Li
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A K McDonald
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - James E Morgan
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Good
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy R Hughes
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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34
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Li MX, Li MY, Lei JX, Wu YZ, Li ZH, Chen LM, Zhou CL, Su JY, Huang GX, Huang XQ, Zheng XB. Huangqin decoction ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis: Role of gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism, mTOR pathway and intestinal epithelial barrier. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154052. [PMID: 35344714 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited. A traditional Chinese medicinal formula, Huangqin decoction (HQD), is chronicled in Shang Han Lun and is widely used to ameliorate gastrointestinal disorders, such as UC; however, its mechanism is yet to be clarified. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effect of HQD on 7-day colitis induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice and further explore the inhibitory effect of metabolites on DSS-damaged FHC cells. METHODS The therapeutic efficacy of HQD was evaluated in a well-established DSS-induced colitis mice model. The clinical symptoms were analyzed, and biological samples were collected for microscopic examination, metabolomics, metagenomics, and the evaluation of the epithelial barrier function. The mechanism of metabolites regulated by HQD was evaluated in the DSS-induced FHC cell damage model. The samples were collected to detect the physiological functions of the cells. RESULTS HQD suppressed the inflammation of DSS-induced colitis in vivo, attenuated DSS-induced clinical manifestations, reversed colon length reduction, and reduced histological injury. After HQD treatment, the DSS-induced gut dysbiosis was modulated, and the gut microbiota achieved a new equilibrium state. In addition, HQD activated the mTOR signaling pathway by upregulating amino acid metabolism. Significant phosphorylation of S6 and 4E-BP1 ameliorated intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. Moreover, HQD-regulated metabolites protected the epithelial barrier integrity by inhibiting DSS-induced apoptosis of FHC cells and regulating the proteins affecting apoptosis and cell-cell junction. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that the mechanism of HQD was related to regulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism, activating the mTOR signaling pathway, and protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Min-Yao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Xuan Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Hao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Ming Chen
- Guangzhou Huibiao Testing Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, P.R. China
| | | | - Ji-Yan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Huang
- Clinical research center, Shantou central hospital, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Xue-Bao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
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35
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Liu C, Zhang S, Shi H, Zhou H, Zhuang J, Cao Y, Ward N, Wang J. Atp11b Deletion Affects the Gut Microbiota and Accelerates Brain Aging in Mice. Brain Sci 2022; 12:709. [PMID: 35741595 PMCID: PMC9221138 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has attracted significant attention with respect to studying the mechanisms of brain aging; however, the specific connection between gut microbiota and aging remains unclear. The abnormal expression and mutation of proteins belonging to the P4-ATPase family, including Atp11b, results in a variety of neurological diseases. The results of our analysis demonstrate that there was a shift in the abundance of certain gut microbiota in Atp11b-knockout (KO) mice. Specifically, there was an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria that accelerate aging and a decrease in probiotics that delay aging. Consequently, an enhanced oxidative stress response was observed, which was characterized by a reduction in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In addition, our data demonstrate that there was a decrease in the number of cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus, and aggravation of aging-related pathological features such as senescence β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal), p-HistoneH2AX (Ser139), and p16INK4. Moreover, KO mice show typical aging-associated behavior, such as memory impairment and slow pain perception. Taken together, we demonstrate a possible mechanism of aging induced by gut microbiota in Atp11b-KO mice, which provides a novel perspective for the treatment of aging through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shibo Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hongwei Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Haicong Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Junyi Zhuang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yiyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Natalie Ward
- Banner Ocotillo Medical Center, 1405 S Alma School Rd, Chandler, AZ 85286, USA;
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
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36
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Zhao X, Ye W, Xu W, Xu N, Zheng J, Chen R, Liu H. Changes in the Diversity and Composition of Gut Microbiota of Red-Crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) after Avian Influenza Vaccine and Anthelmintic Treatment. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091183. [PMID: 35565609 PMCID: PMC9099658 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota homeostasis is important for host health and well-being; however, drugs may affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Red-crowned cranes are a vulnerable species. Treatment of red-crowned cranes with avian influenza vaccines and anthelmintics has played pivotal roles in therapeutic management in zoos. To investigate the changes in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota after the avian influenza vaccine and anthelmintic treatment, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to obtain and compare the bacterial community composition before and after the treatment. The alpha diversity of the gut microbiota of red-crowned cranes decreased on the day of the treatment and then fluctuated over time. The composition of gut microbiota tended to be similar in the short term after the treatment, as supported by the beta diversity hierarchical cluster analysis. Only 3, 8, and 72 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the three individuals were shared among the five groups before and after treatment. The relative abundance of Firmicutes significantly increased to 99.04% ± 0.28% on the day of the treatment, in which the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was 93.33% ± 5.85%. KEGG pathways analysis indicated that the main function of the gut microbiota is involved in metabolism, and the present study indicates that the gut microbiota of red-crowned cranes is resilient to the avian influenza vaccine and anthelmintic, even disordered in the short term, and could recover over time. More individual experimentation and functional potential in metabolism are needed in the future to support animal disease control and optimal management in the zoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wentao Ye
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wei Xu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Nan Xu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiajun Zheng
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Rong Chen
- Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, Nanjing 210028, China;
| | - Hongyi Liu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Pérez Escriva P, Fuhrer T, Sauer U. Distinct N and C Cross-Feeding Networks in a Synthetic Mouse Gut Consortium. mSystems 2022; 7:e0148421. [PMID: 35357218 PMCID: PMC9040589 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01484-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex interactions between the gut microbiome and host or pathogen colonization resistance cannot be understood solely from community composition. Missing are causal relationships, such as metabolic interactions among species, to better understand what shapes the microbiome. Here, we focused on metabolic niches generated and occupied by the Oligo-Mouse-Microbiota (OMM) consortium, a synthetic community composed of 12 members that is increasingly used as a model for the mouse gut microbiome. Combining monocultures and spent medium experiments with untargeted metabolomics revealed broad metabolic diversity in the consortium, constituting a dense cross-feeding network with more than 100 pairwise interactions. Quantitative analysis of the cross-feeding network revealed distinct C and N food webs, highlighting the two Bacteroidetes members Bacteroides caecimuris and Muribaculum intestinale as primary suppliers of carbon and a more diverse group as nitrogen providers. Cross-fed metabolites were mainly carboxylic acids, amino acids, and the so far not reported nucleobases. In particular, the dicarboxylic acids malate and fumarate provided a strong physiological benefit to consumers, presumably used in anaerobic respiration. Isotopic tracer experiments validated the fate of a subset of cross-fed metabolites, such as the conversion of the most abundant cross-fed compound succinate to butyrate. Thus, we show that this consortium is tailored to produce the anti-inflammatory metabolite butyrate. Overall, we provide evidence for metabolic niches generated and occupied by OMM members that lays a metabolic foundation to facilitate an understanding of the more complex in vivo behavior of this consortium in the mouse gut. IMPORTANCE This article maps out the cross-feeding network among 10 members of a synthetic consortium that is increasingly used as the model mouse gut microbiota. Combining metabolomics with in vitro cultivations, two dense networks of carbon and nitrogen exchange are described. The vast majority of the ∼100 interactions are synergistic in nature, in several cases providing distinct physiological benefits to the recipient species. These networks lay the groundwork toward understanding gut community dynamics and host-gut microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Pérez Escriva
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Systems Biology Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Fuhrer
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Sauer
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Huang R, Wu F, Zhou Q, Wei W, Yue J, Xiao B, Luo Z. Lactobacillus and intestinal diseases: mechanisms of action and clinical applications. Microbiol Res 2022; 260:127019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nociceptor-derived Reg3γ prevents endotoxic death by targeting kynurenine pathway in microglia. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110462. [PMID: 35263589 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nociceptors can fine-tune local or systemic immunity, but the mechanisms of nociceptive modulation in endotoxic death remain largely unknown. Here, we identified C-type lectin Reg3γ as a nociceptor-enriched hormone that protects the host from endotoxic death. During endotoxemia, nociceptor-derived Reg3γ penetrates the brain and suppresses the expression of microglial indoleamine dioxygenase 1, a critical enzyme of the kynurenine pathway, via the Extl3-Bcl10 axis. Endotoxin-administered nociceptor-null mice and nociceptor-specific Reg3γ-deficient mice exhibit a high mortality rate accompanied by decreased brain HK1 phosphorylation and ATP production despite normal peripheral inflammation. Such metabolic arrest is only observed in the brain, and aberrant production of brain quinolinic acid, a neurotoxic metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, causes HK1 suppression. Strikingly, the central administration of Reg3γ protects mice from endotoxic death by enhancing brain ATP production. By identifying nociceptor-derived Reg3γ as a microglia-targeted hormone, this study provides insights into the understanding of tolerance to endotoxic death.
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Andriulli A, Bevilacqua A, Palmieri O, Latiano A, Fontana R, Gioffreda D, Castellana S, Mazza T, Panza A, Menzaghi C, Grandone E, di Mauro L, Decina I, Tricarico M, Musaico D, Mäki M, Isola J, Popp A, Taavela J, Petruzzi L, Sinigaglia M, Rosaria Corbo M, Lamacchia C. Healthy and pro-inflammatory gut ecology plays a crucial role in the digestion and tolerance of a novel Gluten Friendly™ bread in celiac subjects: a randomized, double blind, placebo control in vivo study. Food Funct 2022; 13:1299-1315. [PMID: 35029612 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00490e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gluten Friendly™ (GF) is a new gluten achieved through a physicochemical process applied to wheat kernels. The goal of this research was to assess the in vivo effects of Gluten Friendly™ bread on celiac gut mucosa and microbiota. In a double-blind placebo-controlled intervention study, 48 celiac disease (CD) patients were randomized into 3 groups to eat 100 g of bread daily, containing different doses (0; 3 g; 6 g) of GF for 12 weeks. The small-bowel morphology (VH/CrD), intraepithelial densities of CD3+, celiac serology, MUC2, CB1, gut permeability, proinflammatory cytokines, gluten in stools, symptoms, and gut microbial composition were assessed. All 48 CD subjects experienced no symptoms. K-means analysis evidenced celiac subjects clustering around unknown parameters independent of GF dosage: K1 35%; K2 30%; K3 35%. VH/CrD significantly decreased in K1 and K2. VH/CrD did not correlate with IEL increase in K2. 33-mer was not detected in 47% and 73% of patients in both K1 and K2, respectively. VH/CrD and IEL did not change significantly and strongly correlated with the absence of 33-mer in K3. Inflammation and VH/CrD decrease are strongly related with the presence of proinflammatory species at the baseline. A boost in probiotic, butyrate-producing genera, is strongly related with GF tolerance at the end of the trial. Our research suggests that a healthy and proinflammatory ecology could play a crucial role in the digestion and tolerance of the new gluten molecule in celiac subjects. However, GF can be completely digested by gut microbiota of CD subjects and shapes it toward gut homeostasis by boosting healthy butyrate-producing populations. The clinical trial registry number is NCT03137862 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Bevilacqua
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Orazio Palmieri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Latiano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Fontana
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Gioffreda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellana
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy
| | - Anna Panza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Menzaghi
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elvira Grandone
- Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lazzaro di Mauro
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Musaico
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Markku Mäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Isola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Jilab Inc., Tampere, Finland
| | - Alina Popp
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" and National Institute for Mother and Child Health "Alessandrescu-Rusescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Juha Taavela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Leonardo Petruzzi
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Milena Sinigaglia
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Corbo
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Carmela Lamacchia
- Università degli Studi di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Agricoltura, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Foggia, Italy. .,New Gluten World s.r.l., Foggia, Italy
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Gut Microbiome Alterations following Postnatal Iron Supplementation Depend on Iron Form and Persist into Adulthood. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030412. [PMID: 35276770 PMCID: PMC8838803 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is implicated in the adverse developmental outcomes of postnatal iron supplementation. To generate hypotheses on how changes to the gut microbiota by iron adversely affect development, and to determine whether the form of iron influences microbiota outcomes, we characterized gut microbiome and metabolome changes in Sprague-Dawley rat pups given oral supplements of ferrous sulfate (FS), ferrous bis-glycinate chelate (FC), or vehicle control (CON) on postnatal day (PD) 2−14. Iron supplementation reduced microbiome alpha-diversity (p < 0.0001) and altered short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and trimethylamine (TMA) in a form-dependent manner. To investigate the long-term effects of iron provision in early life, an additional cohort was supplemented with FS, FC, or CON until PD 21 and then weaned onto standard chow. At ~8 weeks of age, young adult (YA) rats that received FS exhibited more diverse microbiomes compared to CON (p < 0.05), whereas FC microbiomes were less diverse (p < 0.05). Iron provision resulted in 10,000-fold reduced abundance of Lactobacilli in pre-weanling and YA animals provided iron in early life (p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that in pre-weanling rats, supplemental iron form can generate differential effects on the gut microbiota and microbial metabolism that persist into adulthood.
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Rath E, Haller D. Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:595-604. [PMID: 35534699 PMCID: PMC9259489 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in the human body, located in proximity to the dense and functionally diverse microbial milieu of the microbiome. Episodes of tissue injury and incomplete healing of the intestinal epithelium are a prerequisite for immune reactivation and account for recurrent, chronically progressing phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mitochondrial dysfunction and associated changes in intestinal epithelial functions are emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of IBD, suggesting impaired metabolic flexibility of epithelial cells affects the regenerative capacity of the intestinal tissue. Next to rendering the intestinal mucosa susceptible to inflammatory triggers, metabolic reprogramming of the epithelium is implicated in shaping adverse microbial environments. In this review, we introduce the concept of "metabolic injury" as a cell autonomous mechanism of tissue wounding in response to mitochondrial perturbation. Furthermore, we highlight epithelial metabolism as intersection of microbiome, immune cells and epithelial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rath
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Wee HN, Liu JJ, Ching J, Kovalik JP, Lim SC. The Kynurenine Pathway in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Nephrol 2021; 52:771-787. [PMID: 34753140 PMCID: PMC8743908 DOI: 10.1159/000519811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the major catabolic pathway for tryptophan degradation. The KP plays an important role as the sole de novo nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthetic pathway in normal human physiology and functions as a counter-regulatory mechanism to mitigate immune responses during inflammation. Although the KP has been implicated in a variety of disorders including Huntington's disease, seizures, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis, its role in renal diseases is seldom discussed. SUMMARY This review summarizes the roles of the KP and its metabolites in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on current literature evidence. Metabolomics studies demonstrated that the KP metabolites were significantly altered in patients and animal models with AKI or CKD. The diagnostic and prognostic values of the KP metabolites in AKI and CKD were highlighted in cross-sectional and longitudinal human observational studies. The biological impact of the KP on the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD has been studied in experimental models of different etiologies. In particular, the activation of the KP was found to confer protection in animal models of glomerulonephritis, and its immunomodulatory mechanism may involve the regulation of T cell subsets such as Th17 and regulatory T cells. Manipulation of the KP to increase NAD+ production or diversion toward specific KP metabolites was also found to be beneficial in animal models of AKI. Key Messages: KP metabolites are reported to be dysregulated in human observational and animal experimental studies of AKI and CKD. In AKI, the magnitude and direction of changes in the KP depend on the etiology of the damage. In CKD, KP metabolites are altered with the onset and progression of CKD all the way to advanced stages of the disease, including uremia and its related vascular complications. The activation of the KP and diversion to specific sub-branches are currently being explored as therapeutic strategies in these diseases, especially with regards to the immunomodulatory effects of certain KP metabolites. Further elucidation of the KP may hold promise for the development of biomarkers and targeted therapies for these kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianhong Ching
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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Some Important Metabolites Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria Originated from Kimchi. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092148. [PMID: 34574257 PMCID: PMC8465840 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used for various food fermentations for thousands of years. Recently, LAB are receiving increased attention due to their great potential as probiotics for man and animals, and also as cell factories for producing enzymes, antibodies, vitamins, exopolysaccharides, and various feedstocks. LAB are safe organisms with GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status and possess relatively simple metabolic pathways easily subjected to modifications. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on LAB inhabiting plants compared to dairy LAB. Kimchi is a Korean traditional fermented vegetable, and its fermentation is carried out by LAB inhabiting plant raw materials of kimchi. Kimchi represents a model food with low pH and is fermented at low temperatures and in anaerobic environments. LAB have been adjusting to kimchi environments, and produce various metabolites such as bacteriocins, γ-aminobutyric acid, ornithine, exopolysaccharides, mannitol, etc. as products of metabolic efforts to adjust to the environments. The metabolites also contribute to the known health-promoting effects of kimchi. Due to the recent progress in multi-omics technologies, identification of genes and gene products responsible for the synthesis of functional metabolites becomes easier than before. With the aid of tools of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, it can be envisioned that LAB strains producing valuable metabolites in large quantities will be constructed and used as starters for foods and probiotics for improving human health. Such LAB strains can also be useful as production hosts for value-added products for food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. In this review, recent findings on the selected metabolites produced by kimchi LAB are discussed, and the potentials of metabolites will be mentioned.
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Huang W, Yin H, Yang Y, Jin L, Lu G, Dang Z. Influence of the co-exposure of microplastics and tetrabromobisphenol A on human gut: Simulation in vitro with human cell Caco-2 and gut microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146264. [PMID: 33725607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution becomes an emergent threat to the ecosystem, and its joint effect with organic contaminants will cause more severe consequences. Recently, MPs has been observed in human feces, suggesting that we are exposed to an uncertain danger. In this study, the joint effect of polyethylene microplastics particles (PEMPs) and Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on human gut was explored through the simulation experiment in vitro with human cell Caco-2 and gut microbiota. The toxicity of TBBPA and PEMPs on Caco-2 human cells was considered by physiological and biochemical indexes such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species, lactate dehydrogenase release, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Besides, microbial community diversity, community structure, and function changes of gut microbiota were investigated using Illumina 16S rRNA gene MiSeq sequencing to reveal the influence of TBBPA and PEMPs on human gut microbiota. The results indicated that both PEMPs and TBBPA would deteriorate the status of Caco-2 cells, and TBBPA played a major role in it; meanwhile, PEMPs affected Caco-2 cells at high concentrations. Particularly, TBBPA and PEMPs exhibited a joint effect on Caco-2 cells to a certain degree. TBBPA selectivity inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus and Lactobacillus, contributing to the thriving of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia and Bacteroides. The existence of PEMPs would enhance the proportion of Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Escherichia. Community composition changed dramatically with the interference of PEMPs and TBBPA; this was undesirable to the healthy homeostasis of the human gut. PICRUSt analysis determined both PEMPs and TBBPA interfered with the metabolism pathways of gut microbiota. Hence, the threat of MPs and TBBPA to humans should arouse vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Guining Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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Wilson BC, Butler ÉM, Grigg CP, Derraik JGB, Chiavaroli V, Walker N, Thampi S, Creagh C, Reynolds AJ, Vatanen T, O'Sullivan JM, Cutfield WS. Oral administration of maternal vaginal microbes at birth to restore gut microbiome development in infants born by caesarean section: A pilot randomised placebo-controlled trial. EBioMedicine 2021; 69:103443. [PMID: 34186487 PMCID: PMC8254083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth by caesarean section (CS) is associated with aberrant gut microbiome development and greater disease susceptibility later in life. We investigated whether oral administration of maternal vaginal microbiota to infants born by CS could restore their gut microbiome development in a pilot single-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618000339257). METHODS Pregnant women scheduled for a CS underwent comprehensive antenatal pathogen screening. At birth, healthy neonates were randomised to receive a 3 ml solution of either maternal vaginal microbes (CS-seeded, n = 12) or sterile water (CS-placebo, n = 13). Vaginally-born neonates were used as the reference control (VB, n = 22). Clinical assessments occurred within the first 2 h of birth, and at 1 month and 3 months of age. Infant stool samples and maternal vaginal extracts from CS women underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The primary outcome was gut microbiome composition at 1 month of age. Secondary outcomes included maternal strain engraftment, functional potential of the gut microbiome, anthropometry, body composition, and adverse events. FINDINGS Despite the presence of viable microbial cells within transplant solutions, there were no observed differences in gut microbiome composition or functional potential between CS-seeded and CS-placebo infants at 1 month or 3 months of age. Both CS groups displayed the characteristic signature of low Bacteroides abundance, which contributed to a number of biosynthesis pathways being underrepresented when compared with VB microbiomes. Maternal vaginal strain engraftment was rare. Vaginal seeding had no observed effects on anthropometry or body composition. There were no serious adverse events associated with treatment. INTERPRETATION Our pilot findings question the value of vaginal seeding given that oral administration of maternal vaginal microbiota did not alter early gut microbiome development in CS-born infants. The limited colonisation of maternal vaginal strains suggest that other maternal sources, such as the perianal area, may play a larger role in seeding the neonatal gut microbiome. FUNDING Health Research Council of New Zealand, A Better Start - National Science Challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C Wilson
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Éadaoin M Butler
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Celia P Grigg
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - José G B Derraik
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Endocrinology Department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Valentina Chiavaroli
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Nicholas Walker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Suma Thampi
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine Creagh
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Abigail J Reynolds
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tommi Vatanen
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; The Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Brain Research New Zealand, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Endocrinology Department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Han S, Van Treuren W, Fischer CR, Merrill BD, DeFelice BC, Sanchez JM, Higginbottom SK, Guthrie L, Fall LA, Dodd D, Fischbach MA, Sonnenburg JL. A metabolomics pipeline for the mechanistic interrogation of the gut microbiome. Nature 2021; 595:415-420. [PMID: 34262212 PMCID: PMC8939302 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut microorganisms modulate host phenotypes and are associated with numerous health effects in humans, ranging from host responses to cancer immunotherapy to metabolic disease and obesity. However, difficulty in accurate and high-throughput functional analysis of human gut microorganisms has hindered efforts to define mechanistic connections between individual microbial strains and host phenotypes. One key way in which the gut microbiome influences host physiology is through the production of small molecules1-3, yet progress in elucidating this chemical interplay has been hindered by limited tools calibrated to detect the products of anaerobic biochemistry in the gut. Here we construct a microbiome-focused, integrated mass-spectrometry pipeline to accelerate the identification of microbiota-dependent metabolites in diverse sample types. We report the metabolic profiles of 178 gut microorganism strains using our library of 833 metabolites. Using this metabolomics resource, we establish deviations in the relationships between phylogeny and metabolism, use machine learning to discover a previously undescribed type of metabolism in Bacteroides, and reveal candidate biochemical pathways using comparative genomics. Microbiota-dependent metabolites can be detected in diverse biological fluids from gnotobiotic and conventionally colonized mice and traced back to the corresponding metabolomic profiles of cultured bacteria. Collectively, our microbiome-focused metabolomics pipeline and interactive metabolomics profile explorer are a powerful tool for characterizing microorganisms and interactions between microorganisms and their host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Will Van Treuren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Curt R. Fischer
- ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Chan-Zuckerburg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryan D. Merrill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Steven K. Higginbottom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Leah Guthrie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lalla A. Fall
- ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dylan Dodd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Address correspondence to: , ,
| | - Michael A. Fischbach
- Chan-Zuckerburg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Address correspondence to: , ,
| | - Justin L. Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Chan-Zuckerburg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA,Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford, CA, USA,Address correspondence to: , ,
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48
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Beaver A, Petersen C, Weary DM, Finlay BB, von Keyserlingk MA. Differences in the fecal microbiota of dairy calves reared with differing sources of milk and levels of maternal contact. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:200-206. [PMID: 36338447 PMCID: PMC9623638 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2020-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We compared fecal microbiota in dam-reared and conventionally reared dairy calves, which were fed whole milk and waste milk, respectively. Dairy calves reared with dam contact had higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Conventionally reared calves had higher concentrations of taxa such as Bacteroides. Dam-reared calves were predicted to have higher levels of l-tryptophan biosynthesis.
The practice of rearing cows and calves together is gaining popularity on dairy farms, with different systems currently under assessment in mainland Europe, the United Kingdom, and Oceania. Research into the effects of cow–calf rearing has primarily focused on direct health and welfare implications, and little work has examined the role of different rearing paradigms on calf microbiota. We trialed a cow–calf rearing system on a Canadian dairy farm and compared fecal microbiota of these calves with the microbiota of calves reared according to the conventional practice of the same farm (separated from the dam and fed waste milk). At 4 wk, the conventionally reared calves had reduced relative abundance of Lactobacillus and higher relative abundance of other taxa, including Sutterella, Prevotella, and Bacteroides. We also detected predicted functional differences, such as reduced l-tryptophan biosynthesis in conventionally reared calves. These results suggest that maternal contact may influence the calf microbiota, but the observed differences are also likely related to other aspects of the rearing environment independent of maternal contact (e.g., potential exposure to antibiotic residues in waste milk). These findings provide preliminary evidence of the effects of early rearing environments on the establishment of the dairy calf fecal microbiota. This research is needed, given the critical role of the bovine gut microbiome in behavioral, metabolic, and immune development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Beaver
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Department of Veterinary Health and Animal Sciences, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, United Kingdom, TF10 8NB
| | - Charisse Petersen
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Daniel M. Weary
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - B. Brett Finlay
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk
- Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Corresponding author
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49
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Stojanović I, Saksida T, Miljković Đ, Pejnović N. Modulation of Intestinal ILC3 for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653560. [PMID: 34149694 PMCID: PMC8209467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is crucial for the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis, but it is also the potential site of the activation of autoreactive cells and initiation/propagation of autoimmune diseases in the gut and in the distant organs. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) residing in the GALT integrate signals from food ingredients and gut microbiota metabolites in order to control local immunoreactivity. Notably, ILC3 secrete IL-17 and GM-CSF that activate immune cells in combating potentially pathogenic microorganisms. ILC3 also produce IL-22 that potentiates the strength and integrity of epithelial tight junctions, production of mucus and antimicrobial peptides thus enabling the proper function of the intestinal barrier. The newly discovered function of small intestine ILC3 is the secretion of IL-2 and the promotion of regulatory T cell (Treg) generation and function. Since the intestinal barrier dysfunction, together with the reduction in small intestine ILC3 and Treg numbers are associated with the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), the focus of this article is intestinal ILC3 modulation for the therapy of T1D. Of particular interest is free fatty acids receptor 2 (FFAR2), predominantly expressed on intestinal ILC3, that can be stimulated by available selective synthetic agonists. Thus, we propose that FFAR2-based interventions by boosting ILC3 beneficial functions may attenuate autoimmune response against pancreatic β cells during T1D. Also, it is our opinion that treatments based on ILC3 stimulation by functional foods can be used as prophylaxis in individuals that are genetically predisposed to develop T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Stojanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Pejnović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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50
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Evaluation of the Mechanisms Underlying Amino Acid and Microbiota Interactions in Intestinal Infections Using Germ-Free Animals. INFECTIOUS MICROBES AND DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/im9.0000000000000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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