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Wang J, Behl T, Rana T, Sehgal A, Wal P, Saxena B, Yadav S, Mohan S, Anwer MK, Chigurupati S, Zaheer I, Shen B, Singla RK. Exploring the pathophysiological influence of heme oxygenase-1 on neuroinflammation and depression: A study of phytotherapeutic-based modulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155466. [PMID: 38461764 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heme oxygenase (HO) system plays a significant role in neuroprotection and reduction of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The system, via isoforms HO-1 and HO-2, regulates cellular redox balance. HO-1, an antioxidant defense enzyme, is highlighted due to its association with depression, characterized by heightened neuroinflammation and impaired oxidative stress responses. METHODOLOGY We observed the pathophysiology of HO-1 and phytochemicals as its modulator. We explored Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed for a comprehensive literature review. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis were done using VOSviewer. RESULTS Several phytochemicals can potentially alleviate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress-induced depressive symptoms. These effects result from inhibiting the MAPK and NK-κB pathways - both implicated in the overproduction of pro-inflammatory factors - and from the upregulation of HO-1 expression mediated by Nrf2. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis further validates these associations. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings suggest that antidepressant agents can mitigate neuroinflammation and depressive disorder pathogenesis via the upregulation of HO-1 expression. These agents suppress pro-inflammatory mediators and depressive-like symptoms, demonstrating that HO-1 plays a significant role in the neuroinflammatory process and the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Tarapati Rana
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140401, Punjab, India; Government Pharmacy College, Seraj-175123, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar-141104, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Pharmacy, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhagawati Saxena
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad, 382481, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj-11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah-51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai-602105, India
| | - Imran Zaheer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi, 11961, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bairong Shen
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
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Ahn JH, Lee TK, Kim DW, Shin MC, Cho JH, Lee JC, Tae HJ, Park JH, Hong S, Lee CH, Won MH, Kim YH. Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Attenuates Hindlimb Paralysis and Damage of Spinal Motor Neurons and Astrocytes through Modulating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030414. [PMID: 36766758 PMCID: PMC9913309 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), a global ischemia and reperfusion event, lead to neuronal damage and/or death in the spinal cord as well as the brain. Hypothermic therapy is reported to protect neurons from damage and improve hindlimb paralysis after resuscitation in a rat model of CA induced by asphyxia. In this study, we investigated roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the lumbar spinal cord protected by therapeutic hypothermia in a rat model of asphyxial CA. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to seven minutes of asphyxial CA (induced by injection of 2 mg/kg vecuronium bromide) and hypothermia (four hours of cooling, 33 ± 0.5 °C). Survival rate, hindlimb motor function, histopathology, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were examined at 12, 24, and 48 h after CA/ROSC. The rats of the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated groups had an increased survival rate and showed an attenuated hindlimb paralysis and a mild damage/death of motor neurons located in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord compared with those of the CA/ROSC and normothermia-treated groups. In the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated groups, expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly higher in the anterior horn compared with those of the CA/ROSC and normothermia-treated groups, showing that cytoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 was expressed in both motor neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, in the CA/ROSC and hypothermia-treated group, interleukin-1β (IL-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine) expressed in the motor neurons was significantly reduced, and astrocyte damage was apparently attenuated compared with those found in the CA/ROSC and normothermia group. Taken together, our results indicate that hypothermic therapy after CA/ROSC attenuates CA-induced hindlimb paralysis by protecting motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuating pro-inflammation and astrocyte damage (reactive astrogliosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50510, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Tae
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Chonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkweon Hong
- Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-258-2306 (Y.H.K.); Fax: +82-33-258-2169 (Y.H.K.)
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (Y.H.K.); Tel.: +82-33-258-2306 (Y.H.K.); Fax: +82-33-258-2169 (Y.H.K.)
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Huang Y, Zhang X, Huang Q, Dou Y, Qu C, Xu Q, Yuan Q, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Quercetin enhances survival and axonal regeneration of motoneurons after spinal root avulsion and reimplantation: experiments in a rat model of brachial plexus avulsion. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:56. [PMID: 36456978 PMCID: PMC9714227 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) physically involves the detachment of spinal nerve roots themselves and the associated spinal cord segment, leading to permanent paralysis of motor function of the upper limb. Root avulsion induces severe pathological changes, including inflammatory reaction, oxidative damage, and finally massive motoneuron apoptosis. Quercetin (QCN), a polyphenolic flavonoid found in abundance in fruit and vegetables, has been reported to possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in many experimental models of both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether QCN could improve motor function recovery after C5-7 ventral root avulsion and C6 reimplantation in a rat model of BPA. METHODS The right fifth cervical (C5) to C7 ventral roots were avulsed followed by re-implantation of only C6 to establish the spinal root avulsion plus re-implantation model in rats. After surgery, rats were treated with QCN (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) by gavage for 2 or 8 consecutive weeks. The effects of QCN were assessed using behavior test (Terzis grooming test, TGT) and histological evaluation. The molecular mechanisms were determined by immunohistochemistry analysis and western blotting. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that QCN significantly expedited motor function recovery in the forelimb as shown by the increased Terzis grooming test score, and accelerated motor axon regeneration as evidenced by the ascending number of Fluoro-Ruby-labeled and P75-positive regenerative motoneurons. The raised ChAT-immunopositive and cresyl violet-stained neurons indicated the enhanced survival of motoneurons by QCN administration. Furthermore, QCN treatment markedly alleviated muscle atrophy, restored functional motor endplates in biceps and inhibited the microglial and astroglia activation via modulating Nrf2/HO-1 and neurotrophin/Akt/MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings have for the first time unequivocally indicated that QCN has promising potential for further development into a novel therapeutic in conjunction with reimplantation surgery for the treatment of BPA. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Huang
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Xie Zhang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Qionghui Huang
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Yaoxing Dou
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Qu
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Qiuju Yuan
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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4
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Zhou ZX, Cui Q, Zhang YM, Yang JX, Xiang WJ, Tian N, Jiang YL, Chen ML, Yang B, Li QH, Liao RJ. Withaferin A inhibits ferroptosis and protects against intracerebral hemorrhage. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1308-1315. [PMID: 36453416 PMCID: PMC9838153 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that suppressing oxidative stress and ferroptosis can considerably improve the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Withaferin A (WFA), a natural compound, exhibits a positive effect on a number of neurological diseases. However, the effects of WFA on oxidative stress and ferroptosis-mediated signaling pathways to ICH remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanism for WFA in the regulation of ICH-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis. We established a mouse model of ICH by injection of autologous tail artery blood into the caudate nucleus and an in vitro cell model of hemin-induced ICH. WFA was injected intracerebroventricularly at 0.1, 1 or 5 µg/kg once daily for 7 days, starting immediately after ICH operation. WFA markedly reduced brain tissue injury and iron deposition and improved neurological function in a dose-dependent manner 7 days after cerebral hemorrhage. Through in vitro experiments, cell viability test showed that WFA protected SH-SY5Y neuronal cells against hemin-induced cell injury. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in vitro and in vivo showed that WFA markedly decreased the level of malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress marker, and increased the activities of anti-oxidative stress markers superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase after ICH. Western blot assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that WFA activated the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling axis, promoted translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm to nucleus, and increased HO-1 expression. Silencing Nrf2 with siRNA completely reversed HO-1 expression, oxidative stress and protective effects of WFA. Furthermore, WFA reduced hemin-induced ferroptosis. However, after treatment with an HO-1 inhibitor, the neuroprotective effects of WFA against hemin-induced ferroptosis were weakened. MTT test results showed that WFA combined with ferrostatin-1 reduced hemin-induced SH-SY5Y neuronal cell injury. Our findings reveal that WFA treatment alleviated ICH injury-induced ferroptosis and oxidative stress through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which may highlight a potential role of WFA for the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xian Zhou
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qi Cui
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ying-Mei Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jia-Xin Yang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ning Tian
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan-Lin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mei-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qing-Hua Li
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ru-Jia Liao
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Correspondence to: Ru-Jia Liao, .
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Luo H, Bao Z, Zhou M, Chen Y, Huang Z. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammation via activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2022; 33:451-462. [PMID: 35775321 PMCID: PMC9354723 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The secondary injury plays a vital role in the development of spinal cord injury (SCI), which is characterized by the occurrence of oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) has been involved in the modulation of antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response. However, its roles in SCI-induced injury are still unknown. We explored the therapeutic effect of NGR1 and its underlying mechanism after SCI by using behavioral, biochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques. The administration of NGR1 after SCI enhanced the neurological function, and mitigated tissue damage and motor neuron loss than those in SCI + vehicle group. Meanwhile, significantly increased expression of Nrf2 protein and HO-1 protein was found in the SCI + NGR1 group compared with those in the SCI + vehicle group. In addition, the inhibitory effects of oxidative stress, apoptotic neuron ratio, and neuronal inflammation in the SCI + NGR1 group can be partially reversed when the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway was inhibited by ML385. Our results indicate that the administration of NGR1 can attenuate oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway after SCI, thereby improving neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhaoxi Huang
- Orthopedics, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
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6
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Siracusa R, Voltarelli VA, Trovato Salinaro A, Modafferi S, Cuzzocrea S, Calabrese EJ, Di Paola R, Otterbein LE, Calabrese V. NO, CO and H 2S: A Trinacrium of Bioactive Gases in the Brain. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115122. [PMID: 35679892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are time honored gases that have direct bearing on almost all life forms, but over the past thirty years, and in large part due to the Nobel Prize Award in Medicine for the elucidation of nitric oxide (NO) as a bioactive gas, the research and medical communities now recognize other gases as critical for survival. In addition to NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) have emerged as a triumvirate or Trinacrium of gases with analogous importance and that serve important homeostatic functions. Perhaps, one of the most intriguing aspects of these gases is the functional interaction between them, which is intimately linked by the enzyme systems that produce them. Despite the need to better understand NO, H2S and CO biology, the notion that these are environmental pollutants remains ever present. For this reason, incorporating the concept of hormesis becomes imperative and must be included in discussions when considering developing new therapeutics that involve these gases. While there is now an enormous literature base for each of these gasotransmitters, we provide here an overview of their respective physiologic roles in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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7
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Hong J, Dragas R, Khazaei M, Ahuja CS, Fehlings MG. Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Preconditioned Neural Progenitor Cells Attenuate Astrocyte Reactivity and Promote Neurite Outgrowth. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:741681. [PMID: 34955750 PMCID: PMC8695970 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.741681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The astroglial scar is a defining hallmark of secondary pathology following central nervous system (CNS) injury that, despite its role in limiting tissue damage, presents a significant barrier to neuroregeneration. Neural progenitor cell (NPC) therapies for tissue repair and regeneration have demonstrated favorable outcomes, the effects of which are ascribed not only to direct cell replacement but trophic support. Cytokines and growth factors secreted by NPCs aid in modifying the inhibitory and cytotoxic post-injury microenvironment. In an effort to harness and enhance the reparative potential of NPC secretome, we utilized the multifunctional and pro-regenerative cytokine, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), as a cellular preconditioning agent. We first demonstrated the capacity of HGF to promote NPC survival in the presence of oxidative stress. We then assessed the capacity of this modified conditioned media (CM) to attenuate astrocyte reactivity and promote neurite outgrowth in vitro. HGF pre-conditioned NPCs demonstrated significantly increased levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and reduced vascular endothelial growth factor compared to untreated NPCs. In reactive astrocytes, HGF-enhanced NPC-CM effectively reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan deposition to a greater extent than either treatment alone, and enhanced neurite outgrowth of co-cultured neurons. in vivo, this combinatorial treatment strategy might enable tactical modification of the post-injury inhibitory astroglial environment to one that is more conducive to regeneration and functional recovery. These findings have important translational implications for the optimization of current cell-based therapies for CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hong
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Dragas
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khazaei
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher S Ahuja
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael G Fehlings
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Spinal Program, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Abstract
The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) has been long thought of as a functional equivalent to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), restricting blood flow into the spinal cord. The spinal cord is supported by various disc tissues that provide agility and has different local immune responses compared to the brain. Though physiologically, structural components of the BSCB and BBB share many similarities, the clinical landscape significantly differs. Thus, it is crucial to understand the composition of BSCB and also to establish the cause–effect relationship with aberrations and spinal cord dysfunctions. Here, we provide a descriptive analysis of the anatomy, current techniques to assess the impairment of BSCB, associated risk factors and impact of spinal disorders such as spinal cord injury (SCI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), peripheral nerve injury (PNI), ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cavernous malformations (SCM) and cancer on BSCB dysfunction. Along with diagnostic and mechanistic analyses, we also provide an up-to-date account of available therapeutic options for BSCB repair. We emphasize the need to address BSCB as an individual entity and direct future research towards it.
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9
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Wu X, Yan Y, Zhang Q. Neuroinflammation and Modulation Role of Natural Products After Spinal Cord Injury. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5713-5737. [PMID: 34764668 PMCID: PMC8576359 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s329864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic injury of the central nervous system, characterized by neurological dysfunction and locomotor disability. Although the underlying pathological mechanism of SCI is complex and remains unclear, the important role of neuroinflammation has been gradually unveiled in recent years. The inflammation process after SCI involves disruption of the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB), activation of gliocytes, infiltration of peripheral macrophages, and feedback loops between different cells. Thus, our first aim is to illustrate pathogenesis, related cells and factors of neuroinflammation after SCI in this review. Due to the good bioactivity of natural products derived from plants and medicinal herbs, these widely exist as food, health-care products and drugs in our lives. In the inflammation after SCI, multiple natural products exert satisfactory effects. Therefore, the second aim of this review is to sum up the effects and mechanisms of 25 natural compounds and 7 extracts derived from plants or medicinal herbs on neuroinflammation after SCI. Clarification of the SCI inflammation mechanism and a summary of the related natural products is helpful for in-depth research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, The People's Republic of China
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Zhang H, Yang T. FBXW7alpha Promotes the Recovery of Traumatic Spinal Cord. Curr Mol Med 2021; 20:494-504. [PMID: 31870261 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666191223164916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter damage and neuronal cell death are incurred by spinal cord injury (SCI). FBXW7α, an important mediator of cell division and growth was investigated to explore its role in repairing the traumatic spinal cord in rats. Underlying mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammasomes signaling were also studied. METHODS Spinal cord injury in rats was established by longitudinal surgical incision from the lower to mid-thoracic vertebrae on the backside, followed by 20-g weight placed on the exposed Th12 surface for 30 min. AAV-delivered FBXW7α and -sh-FBXW7α were intrathecally injected into the rat spinal cord. Indices of oxidation, neurotrophic factors, and pyroptosis were measured by Western blot, Elisa, and RT-PCR. RESULTS We found the overexpression of FBXW7α in spinal cord rescue neuronal death triggered by the injury. Specifically, the nutritional condition, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis were improved. A synchronization of BNDF and GDNF expression patterns in various groups indicated the secretion of neurotrophic factors affect the outcome of SCI. The SOD1, CAT, and GSH-px were suppressed after trauma but all restored in response to FBXW7α overexpression. Inflammasomes-activated pyroptosis was incurred after the injury, and relevant biomarkers such as GSDMD, caspase-1, caspase- 11, IL-1β, and IL-18 were down-regulated after the introduction of FBXW7α into the injured cord. Additionally, up-regulating FBXW7α also repaired the mitochondria dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our data indicate FBXW7α probably serves as an important molecular target for the therapy of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Trauma Center, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, 222061, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, 4th (Xing Yuan) Hospital of Yulin, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, 719000, China
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Huiming G, Yuming W, Mingliang Y, Changbin L, Qiuchen H, Jianjun L. Study on the characteristics of microcirculation in the site of pressure ulcer in patients with spinal cord injury. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211028726. [PMID: 34495784 PMCID: PMC10450762 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211028726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the characteristics of pressure ulcer microcirculation in SCI patients with pressure ulcer, and to provide evidence for the treatment of pressure ulcer in patients with SCI. Group 1 (n = 12) SCI patients with pressure ulcer, 23 pressure ulcers were included. Group 2 (n = 15) SCI patients without pressure ulcer and the control group (n = 16) healthy adults. The application of laser Doppler perfusion imaging system (Moor FLPI) detector to the microcirculation perfusion of the sacrum area of the control group, the observation group 2 and the pressure ulcer site of the observation group 1, record the microcirculation perfusion (PU), The data of microcirculation perfusion (PU) were compared and analyzed. The correlation between microcirculation perfusion and healing time of pressure ulcer was analyzed. (1) The microcirculation perfusion was highest in the pressure ulcer center. (2) SCI patients and healthy adults had no significant difference of microcirculation perfusion at sacrococcygeal skin. (3) The lower the microcirculation perfusion of the pressure ulcer center, the longer the healing time of pressure ulcer. The healing time and the microcirculation perfusion of pressure ulcer center was negatively correlated. Microcirculation perfusion detection is a noninvasive and effective method for the determination of the scope of pressure ulcer, detection and direction judgment of pressure ulcer sinus tract, monitoring and guidance of pressure ulcer treatment, and prediction of the healing time of pressure ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Huiming
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Yuming
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Mingliang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Changbin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huang Qiuchen
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Physical Therapy, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jianjun
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
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Shavakandi SM, Ranjbaran M, Nabavizadeh F, Vali R, Sehati F, Ashabi G. Dimethyl fumarate protects the aged brain following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-related ischemia in rats in Nrf2-dependent manner. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2100-2110. [PMID: 34148507 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1940429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been stated that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) markedly prompts neuronal damage and affects cognition. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, represents a class of molecules exhibiting neuroprotection. We explored the effect of DMF on CCH using a model of permanent left common carotid occlusion. The left common carotid artery was occluded and then DMF (100mg.kg-1) was orally administrated three times per week for four consecutive weeks. Behavioral rests, PET imaging and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, were examined and also, the hippocampal level of inflammatory, Nrf2 antioxidant, neuronal plasticity and apoptotic factors were determined using Western blot analysis and related ELISA kits. The neurological deficit scores were significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). DMF decreased the novel object recognition index (NOR) compared with the CCH group, while CCH + DMF increased the NOR compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). CCH + DMF reduces the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and capase-3 activity in comparison to the CCH group (P<0.001). Treatment with DMF increased Nrf2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-1 and Heme oxygenase-1 and decreased Tumor necrosis factor α and Nuclear factor-κB density compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). A significant increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and c-fos was found in DMF-treated rats compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). Also, retinoic acid inhibits Nrf2 activation via DMF and increases inflammatory factors in hypoperfused rats' hippocampus compared with the CCH group (P<0.001). Long-term DMF treatment induces the Nrf2 pathway and has beneficial effects on memory and motility in CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Vali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Sehati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Nuclear heme oxygenase-1 improved the hypoxia-mediated dysfunction of blood-spinal cord barrier via the miR-181c-5p/SOX5 signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2020; 32:112-120. [PMID: 33290309 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that adenovirus-delivered GFP nuclear heme oxygenase-1 (nuclear HO-1, NHO-1) fragments lacking 23 amino acids at the C-terminus (Ad-GFP-HO-1C[INCREMENT]23) showed the potential therapeutic effects mediated by its improvement of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity. However, the NHO-1-mediated molecular mechanism in regulating the BSCB function remains unclear. The BSCB model in vitro was established via a coculture of primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs) and spinal cord astrocytes on transwell system. NHO-1 markedly reduced the disruption of the BSCB integrity induced by hypoxia. And NHO-1 significantly attenuated the expression of miR-181c-5p, but increased the expression level of SOX5 protein. miR-181c-5p was shown as an essential miRNA for increasing the BSCB permeability under hypoxia condition. Furthermore, we identified that miR-181c-5p could regulate the expression of SOX5 through binding to the 3'-UTR of its mRNA. And the decreased BSCB permeability and upregulation of tight junction (TJ) protein expression induced by NHO-1 could be partly reversed by the inhibition of SOX5 or miR-181c-5p (+). The present study results provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms induced by NHO-1 in improving the BSCB integrity, which is associated with the regulation of miR-181c-5p/SOX5/TJ signaling pathway.
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14
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Hauptmann J, Johann L, Marini F, Kitic M, Colombo E, Mufazalov IA, Krueger M, Karram K, Moos S, Wanke F, Kurschus FC, Klein M, Cardoso S, Strauß J, Bolisetty S, Lühder F, Schwaninger M, Binder H, Bechman I, Bopp T, Agarwal A, Soares MP, Regen T, Waisman A. Interleukin-1 promotes autoimmune neuroinflammation by suppressing endothelial heme oxygenase-1 at the blood-brain barrier. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 140:549-567. [PMID: 32651669 PMCID: PMC7498485 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Herein, we studied the role of IL-1 signaling in blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes and microglia for EAE development, using mice with the conditional deletion of its signaling receptor IL-1R1. We found that IL-1 signaling in microglia and astrocytes is redundant for the development of EAE, whereas the IL-1R1 deletion in BBB-ECs markedly ameliorated disease severity. IL-1 signaling in BBB-ECs upregulated the expression of the adhesion molecules Vcam-1, Icam-1 and the chemokine receptor Darc, all of which have been previously shown to promote CNS-specific inflammation. In contrast, IL-1R1 signaling suppressed the expression of the stress-responsive heme catabolizing enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in BBB-ECs, promoting disease progression via a mechanism associated with deregulated expression of the IL-1-responsive genes Vcam1, Icam1 and Ackr1 (Darc). Mechanistically, our data emphasize a functional crosstalk of BBB-EC IL-1 signaling and HO-1, controlling the transcription of downstream proinflammatory genes promoting the pathogenesis of autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hauptmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Johann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Federico Marini
- Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maja Kitic
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisa Colombo
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ilgiz A Mufazalov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Krueger
- Anatomical Institute, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Khalad Karram
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonja Moos
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Wanke
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology (I2O) Discovery and Translational Area Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian C Kurschus
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Judith Strauß
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Subhashini Bolisetty
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fred Lühder
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechman
- Anatomical Institute, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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15
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Lin W, Chen W, Liu K, Ma P, Qiu P, Zheng C, Zhang X, Tan P, Xi X, He X. Mitigation of Microglia-mediated Acute Neuroinflammation and Tissue Damage by Heme Oxygenase 1 in a Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model. Neuroscience 2020; 457:27-40. [PMID: 32795555 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute neuroinflammation is the major detrimental factor that causes secondary tissue damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Curbing neuroinflammation would reduce the neuronal death and benefit functional recovery. In the current study, we used a HO-1-encoding lentivirus to transduce microglia, and adoptively transferred these microglia into injured rat spinal cords. Lentivirus-induced overexpression of exogenous HO-1 significantly inhibited microglia-mediated inflammatory response after SCI, as demonstrated by lower expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in transferred microglia. In addition, the overall post-SCI neuroinflammation was also suppressed by HO-1-overexpressing microglia, as indicated by less leukocyte infiltration and lower pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the spinal cord. Consistently, the tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis were decreased in injured spinal cords, while the locomotor function was moderately improved. We further identified that adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling was involved in the regulatory effect of HO-1 on microglia, because HO-1 overexpression increased the activating phosphorylation of AMPKα. Moreover, the AMPK inhibitor compound C diminished the anti-inflammatory effect of HO-1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia in vitro. Taken together, we proved that microglial HO-1 reduced acute post-SCI neuroinflammation. Our study might provide a promising therapeutic approach to benefit SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenkai Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingjuan Tan
- Nursing Department, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Eser Ocak P, Ocak U, Sherchan P, Gamdzyk M, Tang J, Zhang JH. Overexpression of Mfsd2a attenuates blood brain barrier dysfunction via Cav-1/Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway in a rat model of surgical brain injury. Exp Neurol 2020; 326:113203. [PMID: 31954682 PMCID: PMC7038791 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and subsequent cerebral edema formation is one of the major adverse effects of brain surgery, leading to postoperative neurological dysfunction. Recently, Mfsd2a has been shown to have a crucial role for the maintenance of BBB functions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of Mfsd2a on BBB disruption following surgical brain injury (SBI) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were subjected to SBI by partial resection of the right frontal lobe. To evaluate the effect of Mfsd2a on BBB permeability and neurobehavior outcome following SBI, Mfsd2a was either overexpressed or downregulated in the brain by administering Mfsd2a CRISPR activation or knockout plasmids, respectively. The potential mechanism of Mfsd2a-mediated BBB protection through the cav-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway was evaluated. RESULTS Mfsd2a levels were significantly decreased while cav-1, Nrf-2 and HO-1 levels were increased in the right frontal perisurgical area following SBI. When overexpressed, Mfsd2a attenuated brain edema and abolished neurologic impairment caused by SBI while downregulation of Mfsd2a expression further deteriorated BBB functions and worsened neurologic performance following SBI. The beneficial effect of Mfsd2a overexpression on BBB functions was associated with diminished expression of cav-1, increased Keap-1/Nrf-2 dissociation and further augmented levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 in the right frontal perisurgical area, leading to enhanced levels of tight junction proteins following SBI. The BBB protective effect of Mfsd2a was blocked by selective inhibitors of Nrf-2 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS Mfsd2a attenuates BBB disruption through cav-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats subjected to experimental SBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Eser Ocak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa 16120, Turkey
| | - Umut Ocak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa 16310, Turkey; Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa 16110, Turkey
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Marcin Gamdzyk
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
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Lin X, Zhu J, Ni H, Rui Q, Sha W, Yang H, Li D, Chen G. Treatment With 2-BFI Attenuated Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:567. [PMID: 31920564 PMCID: PMC6932985 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports showed that 2-(-2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline (2-BFI) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on neuroprotection in numerous disorders. However, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. The nuclear factor c factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway plays an important and essential role in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses of the cell. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of 2-BFI in a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI) and to determine whether its neuroprotective effects are associated with the activation of Nrf2. To test this hypothesis, we examined the potential roles of 2-BFI in SCI models which were established in rats using a clip-compression injury method. Our results showed that treatment with 2-BFI twice daily improved locomotion recovery from SCI, which increased Nrf2 expression in both neurons and astrocytes, meanwhile, the level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) also significantly enhanced. In addition, after the treatment with 2-BFI increased levels of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) indicated the antioxidant effect of the drug. Furthermore, the upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of Bax and caspase-3 implied antiapoptotic effects on neuroprotection of 2-BFI, which were verified by the Fluoro-Jade B (FJB) staining and TUNEL staining. Collectively, these results add to a growing body of evidence supporting that 2-BFI may attenuate SCI mediated by activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Haibo Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Qin Rui
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Weiping Sha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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18
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Time-dependent hemeoxygenase-1, lipocalin-2 and ferritin induction after non-contusion traumatic brain injury. Brain Res 2019; 1725:146466. [PMID: 31539545 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often presents with focal contusion and parenchymal bleeds, activating heme oxygenase (HO) to degrade released hemoglobin. Here we show that diffuse, midline fluid percussion injury causes time-dependent induction of HO-1 and iron binding proteins within both hemorrhagic neocortex and non-hemorrhagic hippocampus. Rats subjected to midline fluid percussion injury (FPI) survived 1-15d postinjury and tissue was collected for Western blot and immunohistochemical assays. HO-1 was elevated 1d after FPI, peaked at 3d, and returned to control baseline 7-15d. Iron management proteins lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and ferritin (FTL) exhibited distinct postinjury time courses, where peak LCN2 response preceded, and FTL followed that of HO-1. LCN2 elevation supported not only its role in iron transport, but also mediation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity. Upregulation of FTL for intracellular iron sequestration was delayed relative to both HO-1 and LCN2 induction. In the neocortex IBA-1+ microglia around the injury core expressed HO-1, but astrocytes co-localized with HO-1 in perilesional parenchyma. Non-hemorrhagic dentate gyrus showed predominant HO-1 labeling in hilar microglia and in molecular layer astrocytes. At 1d postinjury, LCN2 and HO-1 co-localized in a subpopulation of reactive glia within both brain regions. Notably, FTL was distributed within cells around injured vessels, damaged subcortical white matter, and along vessels of the hippocampal fissure. Together these results confirm that even the moderate, non-contusional insult of diffuse midline FPI can significantly activate postinjury HO-1 heme processing pathways and iron management proteins. Moreover, this activation is time-dependent and occurs in the absence of overt hemorrhage.
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Mao L, Yang T, Li X, Lei X, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Gao Y, Sun B, Zhang F. Protective effects of sulforaphane in experimental vascular cognitive impairment: Contribution of the Nrf2 pathway. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39. [PMID: 29533123 PMCID: PMC6365596 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18764083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The major pathophysiological process of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is chronic cerebral ischemia, which causes disintegration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neuronal death, and white matter injury. This study aims to test whether sulforaphane (Sfn), a natural activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), reduces the chronic ischemic injury and cognitive dysfunction after VCI. Experimental VCI was induced in rats by permanent occlusion of both common carotid arteries for six weeks. This procedure caused notable neuronal death in the cortex and hippocampal CA1, myelin loss in the corpus callosum and hippocampal fimbria, accumulation of myelin debris in the corpus callosum, and remarkable cognitive impairment. Sfn treatment alleviated these ischemic injuries and the cognitive dysfunction. Sfn-mediated neuroprotection was associated with enhanced activation of Nrf2 and upregulation of heme oxygenase 1. Sfn also reduced neuronal and endothelial death and maintained the integrity of BBB after oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro in an Nrf2 dependent manner. Furthermore, Nrf2 knockdown in endothelial cells decreased claudin-5 protein expression with downregulated claudin-5 promoter activity, suggesting that claudin-5 might be a target gene of Nrf2. Our results demonstrate that Sfn provides robust neuroprotection against chronic brain ischemic injury and may be a promising agent for VCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Mao
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,2 Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xin Li
- 2 Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Lei
- 2 Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Sun
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yongfang Zhao
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Gao
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoliang Sun
- 2 Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,2 Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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20
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The sinister face of heme oxygenase-1 in brain aging and disease. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 172:40-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Early Targeting of L-Selectin on Leukocytes Promotes Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury, Implicating Novel Mechanisms of Pathogenesis. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0101-18. [PMID: 30225356 PMCID: PMC6140118 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0101-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
L-selectin, a lectin-like receptor on all leukocyte classes, functions in adhesive and signaling roles in the recruitment of myeloid cells from the blood to sites of inflammation. Here, we consider L-selectin as a determinant of neurological recovery in a murine model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Spinal cord-injured, L-selectin knock-out (KO) mice (male) showed improved long-term recovery with greater white matter sparing relative to wild-type (WT) mice and reduced oxidative stress in the injured cord at 72 h post-SCI. There was a partial and transient reduction in accumulation of neutrophils in the injured spinal cords of KOs at 24 h post-injury. To complement these findings with KO mice, we sought a pharmacologic means for lowering L-selectin levels. We found that diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), induced the shedding of L-selectin from the cell surface of myeloid subsets, specifically neutrophils and non-classical monocytes, in the blood and the injured spinal cord. Diclofenac administration to injured WT mice enhanced neurological recovery to a level comparable to that of KOs but did not improve recovery in KOs. While diclofenac treatment had no effect on myeloid cell accumulation, there was a reduction in oxidative stress at 72 h post-SCI. These findings implicate L-selectin in secondary pathogenesis beyond a role in leukocyte recruitment and raise the possibility of repurposing diclofenac for the treatment of SCI.
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22
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Song W, Kothari V, Velly AM, Cressatti M, Liberman A, Gornitsky M, Schipper HM. Evaluation of salivary heme oxygenase-1 as a potential biomarker of early Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 33:583-591. [PMID: 29488275 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS To date, there are no chemical analytes, including biochemical indices of oxidative stress, metabolites of α-synuclein protein, and differential protein expression patterns on proteomic profiling, for use in clinics as a diagnostic biomarker of idiopathic PD. OBJECTIVES Heme oxygenase-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether salivary heme oxygenase-1 may serve as a biomarker for early idiopathic PD. METHODS Fifty-eight PD patients and 59 non-neurological disease controls were recruited. Levels of heme oxygenase-1 expression were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis of whole, unstimulated saliva. Analyses were adjusted by sex, l-dopa exposure, and relevant comorbidities. RESULTS We documented: (1) the presence of 32-kDa heme oxygenase-1 protein in human saliva; (2) significantly higher mean heme oxygenase-1 protein concentrations in saliva of PD patients relative to control values; (3) no variability in salivary heme oxygenase-1 levels with sex, age, l-dopa equivalence, or comorbidities; and (4) significantly higher mean salivary heme oxygenase-1 concentrations in patients with H & Y stage 1 PD (early) than control subjects and stage 2 and stage 3 PD patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve that separated controls from PD H & Y stage 1 was 76% (95% confidence interval: 63-90). CONCLUSIONS Salivary heme oxygenase-1 concentrations may provide a useful, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive biomarker of early idiopathic PD. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vimal Kothari
- Department of Dentistry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ana M Velly
- Department of Dentistry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marisa Cressatti
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrienne Liberman
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mervyn Gornitsky
- Department of Dentistry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hyman M Schipper
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Suppression of miR-127 protects PC-12 cells from LPS-induced inflammatory injury by downregulation of PDCD4. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1154-1162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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Parkinsonian features in aging GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice overexpressing human HO-1 in the astroglial compartment. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 58:163-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Lv Y, Zhang L, Li N, Mai N, Zhang Y, Pan S. Geraniol promotes functional recovery and attenuates neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1389-1395. [PMID: 28334550 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Geraniol, a plant-derived monoterpene, has been extensively studied and showed a wide variety of beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of geraniol on functional recovery and neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Rats received a clip-compression SCI and were treated with geraniol 6 h following SCI. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol markedly improved locomotor function, and reduced sensitivity to the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol increased NeuN-positive cells, suppressed expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, and reduced activity of caspase-3 in the injured region. Treatment of SCI rats with geraniol reduced levels of malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine, upregulated protein expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase 1, and suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the injured region. In addition, treatment of SCI rats with geraniol downregulated protein expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 and reduced the number of CD68-positive cells and protein levels of TNF-α in the injured region. In conclusion, geraniol significantly promoted the recovery of neuronal function and attenuated neuropathic pain after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lv
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Naiken Mai
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Shuyi Pan
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, PLA Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
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26
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Lin W, Wang S, Yang Z, Lin J, Ke Q, Lan W, Shi J, Wu S, Cai B. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis in Spinal Cord Injury through Down-Regulation of Cdc42-MLK3-MKK7-JNK3 Axis. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:695-706. [PMID: 27526795 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which spinal cord injury (SCI) induces neuronal death has not been thoroughly understood. Investigation on the molecular signal pathways involved in SCI-mediated neuronal apoptosis is important for development of new therapeutics for SCI. In the current study, we explore the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the modulation of mixed lineage kinase 3/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/cJUN N-terminal kinase 3 (MLK3/MKK7/JNK3) signaling, which is a pro-apoptotic pathway, after SCI. We found that MLK3/MKK7/JNK3 signaling was activated by SCI in a time-dependent manner, demonstrated by increase in activating phosphorylation of MLK3, MKK7, and JNK3. SCI also induced HO-1 expression. Administration of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus before SCI introduced expression of exogenous HO-1 in injured spinal cords. Exogenous HO-1 reduced phosphorylation of MLK3, MKK7, and JNK3. Consistent with its inhibitory effect on MLK3/MKK7/JNK3 signaling, exogenous HO-1 decreased SCI-induced neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological score. Further, we found that exogenous HO-1 inhibited expression of cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42), which is crucial for MLK3 activation. In vitro experiments indicated that Cdc42 was essential for neuronal apoptosis, while transduction of neurons with HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis to enhance neuronal survival. Therefore, our study disclosed a novel mechanism by which HO-1 exerted its neuroprotective efficacy. Our discovery might be valuable for developing a new therapeutic approach for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Lin
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province , Guiyang, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Ke
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Lan
- 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinxing Shi
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Shiqiang Wu
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Quanzhou, China
| | - Bin Cai
- 4 Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
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27
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Liu XM, Peyton KJ, Durante W. Ammonia promotes endothelial cell survival via the heme oxygenase-1-mediated release of carbon monoxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 102:37-46. [PMID: 27867098 PMCID: PMC5209302 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although endothelial cells produce substantial quantities of ammonia during cell metabolism, the physiologic role of this gas in these cells is not known. In this study, we investigated if ammonia regulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and if this enzyme influences the biological actions of ammonia on endothelial cells. Exogenously administered ammonia, given as ammonium chloride or ammonium hydroxide, or endogenously generated ammonia stimulated HO-1 protein expression in cultured human and murine endothelial cells. Dietary supplementation of ammonia also induced HO-1 protein expression in murine arteries. The increase in HO-1 protein by ammonia in endothelial cells was first detected 4h after ammonia exposure and was associated with the induction of HO-1 mRNA, enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased expression and activity of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). Ammonia also activated the HO-1 promoter and this was blocked by mutating the antioxidant responsive element or by overexpressing dominant-negative Nrf2. The induction of HO-1 expression by ammonia was dependent on ROS formation and prevented by N-acetylcysteine or rotenone. Finally, prior treatment of endothelial cells with ammonia inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated cell death. However, silencing HO-1 expression abrogated the protective action of ammonia and this was reversed by the administration of carbon monoxide but not bilirubin or iron. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ammonia stimulates the expression of HO-1 in endothelial cells via the ROS-Nrf2 pathway, and that the induction of HO-1 contributes to the cytoprotective action of ammonia by generating carbon monoxide. Moreover, it identifies ammonia as a potentially important signaling gas in the vasculature that promotes endothelial cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, M409 Medical Sciences Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kelly J Peyton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, M409 Medical Sciences Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - William Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, M409 Medical Sciences Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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28
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Hormesis, cellular stress response and neuroinflammation in schizophrenia: Early onset versus late onset state. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:1182-1193. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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29
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Cheng P, Kuang F, Ju G. Aescin reduces oxidative stress and provides neuroprotection in experimental traumatic spinal cord injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 99:405-417. [PMID: 27596954 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aescin has many physiological functions that are highly relevant to spinal cord injury (SCI), including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-oedema, and enhancing vascular tone. The present study investigated the putative therapeutic value of aescin in SCI, with a focus on its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties. Sodium aescinate (1.0mg/kg body weight) or equivalent volume of saline was administered 30min after injury by intravenous injection, with an additional dose daily for seven consecutive days after moderate SCI in rats. After contusion injury of the 8th thoracic (T8) spinal cord, aescin-treated rats developed less severe hind limb weakness than saline controls, as assayed by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale, the beam walking test, and a footprint analysis. The improved locomotor outcomes in aescin-treated rats corresponded to markedly decreased immune response, oxidative stress, neuronal loss, axon demyelination, spinal cord swelling, and cell apoptosis, measured around T8 after impact. Our data suggest aescin treatment as a novel, early, neuroprotective approach in SCI. Given the known safety of aescin in clinical applications, the results of this study suggest that it is a good candidate for SCI treatment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cheng
- Institute of Neurosciences, PLA Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Neurology, PLA 425th Hospital, 86 Sanya Bay Road, Sanya 572000, China.
| | - Fang Kuang
- Institute of Neurosciences, PLA Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Gong Ju
- Institute of Neurosciences, PLA Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
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30
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Cheon SY, Cho KJ, Kim SY, Kam EH, Lee JE, Koo BN. Blockade of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Attenuates Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Activity in Brain Endothelial Cells and the Subsequent Apoptosis in Neurons after Ischemic Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:213. [PMID: 27642277 PMCID: PMC5009117 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditions of increased oxidative stress including cerebral ischemia can lead to blood-brain barrier dysfunction via matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). It is known that MMP-9 in particular is released from brain endothelial cells is involved in the neuronal cell death that occurs after cerebral ischemia. In the intracellular signaling network, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is the main activator of the oxidative stress that is part of the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. ASK1 also promotes apoptotic cell death and brain infarction after ischemia and is associated with vascular permeability and the formation of brain edema. However, the relationship between ASK1 and MMP-9 after cerebral ischemia remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether blocking ASK1 would affect MMP-9 activity in the ischemic brain and cultured brain endothelial cells. Our results showed that ASK1 inhibition efficiently reduced MMP-9 activity in vivo and in vitro. In endothelial cell cultures, ASK1 inhibition upregulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signals and downregulated cyclooxygenase-2 signals after hypoxia/reperfusion. Additionally, in neuronal cell cultures, cell death occurred when neurons were incubated with endothelial cell-conditioned medium (EC-CM) obtained from the hypoxia/reperfusion group. However, after incubation with EC-CM and following treatment with the ASK1 inhibitor NQDI-1, neuronal cell death was efficiently decreased. We conclude that suppressing ASK1 decreases MMP-9 activity in brain endothelial cells, and leads to decreased neuronal cell death after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Y Cheon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea; Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kyoung J Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul South Korea
| | - So Y Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea; Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Eun H Kam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea; Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jong E Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul South Korea
| | - Bon-Nyeo Koo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea; Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, SeoulSouth Korea
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31
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Kumar H, Ropper AE, Lee SH, Han I. Propitious Therapeutic Modulators to Prevent Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Disruption in Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3578-3590. [PMID: 27194298 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is a specialized protective barrier that regulates the movement of molecules between blood vessels and the spinal cord parenchyma. Analogous to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the BSCB plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis and internal environmental stability of the central nervous system (CNS). After spinal cord injury (SCI), BSCB disruption leads to inflammatory cell invasion such as neutrophils and macrophages, contributing to permanent neurological disability. In this review, we focus on the major proteins mediating the BSCB disruption or BSCB repair after SCI. This review is composed of three parts. Section 1. SCI and the BSCB of the review describes critical events involved in the pathophysiology of SCI and their correlation with BSCB integrity/disruption. Section 2. Major proteins involved in BSCB disruption in SCI focuses on the actions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), angiopoietins (Angs), bradykinin, nitric oxide (NO), and endothelins (ETs) in BSCB disruption and repair. Section 3. Therapeutic approaches discusses the major therapeutic compounds utilized to date for the prevention of BSCB disruption in animal model of SCI through modulation of several proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexander E Ropper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Lin WP, Xiong GP, Lin Q, Chen XW, Zhang LQ, Shi JX, Ke QF, Lin JH. Heme oxygenase-1 promotes neuron survival through down-regulation of neuronal NLRP1 expression after spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:52. [PMID: 26925775 PMCID: PMC4772494 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the mechanisms underlying neuronal death in spinal cord injury (SCI) and developing novel therapeutic approaches for SCI-induced damage are critical for functional recovery. Here we investigated the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in neuroprotection after SCI. Methods Adeno-associated virus expressing HO-1 was prepared and injected into rat spinal cords before SCI model was performed. HO-1 expression, inflammasome activation, and the presence of inflammatory cytokines were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistological staining, immunoblot, and immunoprecipitation. Neuronal apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. The hindlimb locomotor function was evaluated for extent of neurologic damage. In an in vitro model, hydrogen peroxide was used to induce similar inflammasome activation in cultured primary spinal cord neurons, followed by evaluation of above parameters with or without transduction of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus. Results Endogenous HO-1 expression was found in spinal cord neurons after SCI in vivo, in association with the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) and the formation of NLRP1 inflammasomes. Administration of HO-1-expressing adeno-associated virus effectively decreased expression of NLRP1, therefore alleviating NLRP1 inflammasome-induced neuronal death and improving functional recovery. In the in vitro model, exogenous HO-1 expression protected neurons from hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal death by inhibiting NLRP1 expression. In addition, HO-1 inhibited expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which is a transcription factor regulating NLRP1 expression. Conclusions HO-1 protects spinal cord neurons after SCI through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome formation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0521-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Gong-Peng Xiong
- Hepatology Unit, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, 361009, China.
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Xuan-Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Jin-Xing Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Ke
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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Wang C, Wang P, Zeng W, Li W. Tetramethylpyrazine improves the recovery of spinal cord injury via Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1287-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kabaria S, Choi DC, Chaudhuri AD, Jain MR, Li H, Junn E. MicroRNA-7 activates Nrf2 pathway by targeting Keap1 expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:548-56. [PMID: 26453926 PMCID: PMC4684759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor that regulates the expression of a number of antioxidant and detoxifying genes that provide cellular protection against various stressors including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nrf2 activity is tightly regulated by a cytoplasmic inhibitory protein called Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). The mechanism that controls Keap1 expression, however, remains poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that microRNA-7 (miR-7), which is highly expressed in the brain, represses Keap1 expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of its mRNA in human neuroblastoma cells, SH-SY5Y. Subsequently, this event results in an increased Nrf2 activity, as evidenced by an increase in the expression of its transcriptional targets, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), and an enhanced nuclear localization of Nrf2. In addition, miR-7 decreases the intracellular hydroperoxides level and increases the level of reduced form of glutathione, indicative of oxidative stress relief. We also demonstrate that targeted repression of Keap1 and activation of Nrf2 pathway, in part, underlies the protective effects of miR-7 against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y and differentiated human neural progenitor cells, ReNcell VM. These findings point to a new mechanism by which miR-7 exerts cytoprotective effects by regulating the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savan Kabaria
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmunologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ., 08854, USA
| | - Doo Chul Choi
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmunologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ., 08854, USA
| | - Amrita Datta Chaudhuri
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmunologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ., 08854, USA
| | - Mohit Raja Jain
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ., 07103, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ., 07103, USA
| | - Eunsung Junn
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmunologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ., 08854, USA.
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Protects Neurons from Ischemic Damage by Upregulating Expression of Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Rabbit Spinal Cord. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:869-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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JIAO GENLONG, PAN BIN, ZHOU ZHIGANG, ZHOU LIN, LI ZHIZHONG, ZHANG ZIYONG. MicroRNA-21 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in H2O2-stimulated rat spinal cord neurons. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7011-6. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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A heme oxygenase-1 transducer model of degenerative and developmental brain disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5400-19. [PMID: 25761244 PMCID: PMC4394483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a 32 kDa protein which catalyzes the breakdown of heme to free iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin. The Hmox1 promoter contains numerous consensus sequences that render the gene exquisitely sensitive to induction by diverse pro-oxidant and inflammatory stimuli. In “stressed” astroglia, HO-1 hyperactivity promotes mitochondrial iron sequestration and macroautophagy and may thereby contribute to the pathological iron deposition and bioenergetic failure documented in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and certain neurodevelopmental conditions. Glial HO-1 expression may also impact neuroplasticity and cell survival by modulating brain sterol metabolism and the proteasomal degradation of neurotoxic proteins. The glial HO-1 response may represent a pivotal transducer of noxious environmental and endogenous stressors into patterns of neural damage and repair characteristic of many human degenerative and developmental CNS disorders.
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Barone E, Butterfield DA. Insulin resistance in Alzheimer disease: Is heme oxygenase-1 an Achille's heel? Neurobiol Dis 2015; 84:69-77. [PMID: 25731746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, clinically defined as the inability of insulin to increase glucose uptake and utilization, has been found to be associated with the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Indeed, postmortem AD brain shows all the signs of insulin resistance including: (i) reduced brain insulin receptor (IR) sensitivity, (ii) hypophosphorylation of the insulin receptor and downstream second messengers such as IRS-1, and (iii) attenuated insulin and insulin growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor expression. However, the exact mechanisms driving insulin resistance have not been completely elucidated. Quite recently, the levels of the peripheral inducible isoform of heme oxygenase (HO-1), a well-known protein up-regulated during cell stress response, were proposed to be among the strongest positive predictors of metabolic disease, including insulin resistance. Because our group previously reported on levels, activation state and oxidative stress-induced post-translational modifications of HO-1 in AD brain and our ongoing studies to better elucidate the role of HO-1 in insulin resistance-associated AD pathology, the aim of this review is to provide reader with a critical analysis on new aspects of the interplay between HO-1 and insulin resistance and on how the available lines of evidence could be useful for further comprehension of processes in AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055, USA.
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Chen-Roetling J, Song W, Schipper HM, Regan CS, Regan RF. Astrocyte overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 improves outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 2015; 46:1093-8. [PMID: 25690543 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.008686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction of heme breakdown and may have both antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects. In previous studies, HO-1 overexpression protected astrocytes from heme-mediated injury in vitro. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that selective astrocyte overexpression of HO-1 improves outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS Male and female transgenic mice overexpressing human HO-1 driven by the GFAP promoter (GFAP.HMOX1) and wild-type controls received striatal injections of autologous blood (25 μL). Blood-brain barrier disruption was assessed by Evans blue assay and striatal cell viability by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Neurological deficits were quantified by digital analysis of spontaneous cage activity, adhesive removal, and elevated body swing tests. RESULTS Mortality rate for wild-type mice was 34.8% and was similar for males and females; all GFAP.HMOX1 mice survived. Striatal Evans blue leakage at 24 hours was 23.4±3.2 ng in surviving wild-type mice, compared with 10.9±1.8 ng in transgenics. Perihematomal cell viability was reduced to 61±4% of contralateral at 3 days in wild-type mice, versus 80±4% in transgenics. Focal neurological deficits were significantly reduced and spontaneous cage activity was increased in GFAP.HMOX1 mice. CONCLUSIONS Selective HO-1 overexpression in astrocytes reduces mortality, blood-brain barrier disruption, perihematomal cell injury, and neurological deficits in an autologous blood injection intracerebral hemorrhage model. Genetic or pharmacological therapies that acutely increase astrocyte HO-1 may be beneficial after intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen-Roetling
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (J.C.-R., C.S.R., R.F.R.); and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (W.S., H.M.S.)
| | - Wei Song
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (J.C.-R., C.S.R., R.F.R.); and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (W.S., H.M.S.)
| | - Hyman M Schipper
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (J.C.-R., C.S.R., R.F.R.); and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (W.S., H.M.S.)
| | - Christopher S Regan
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (J.C.-R., C.S.R., R.F.R.); and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (W.S., H.M.S.)
| | - Raymond F Regan
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (J.C.-R., C.S.R., R.F.R.); and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (W.S., H.M.S.).
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Zhao X, Aronowski J. Nrf2 to pre-condition the brain against injury caused by products of hemolysis after ICH. Transl Stroke Res 2014; 4:71-5. [PMID: 23378859 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-012-0245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Brain damage caused by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is mediated in part by the toxicity of extravascular blood deposited in brain parenchyma during the hematoma formation. In this paper we discuss the therapeutic benefits and potential mechanisms associated with the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 regarding its role in defending brain tissue against toxicity of blood, a component of secondary injury. We emphasize the pleiotropic capacity of Nrf2 as it recruits multiple pathways aiming at reducing deleterious effects of blood lysis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Zhao
- University of Texas Medical School - Houston; Department of Neurology, Stroke Program
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Wu J, Jiang H, Bi Q, Luo Q, Li J, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Li C. Apamin-Mediated Actively Targeted Drug Delivery for Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: More Than Just a Concept. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3210-22. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500393m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyan Bi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhangbao Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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Schwab JM, Zhang Y, Kopp MA, Brommer B, Popovich PG. The paradox of chronic neuroinflammation, systemic immune suppression, autoimmunity after traumatic chronic spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2014; 258:121-129. [PMID: 25017893 PMCID: PMC4099970 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the transition from acute to chronic stages of recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI), there is an evolving state of immunologic dysfunction that exacerbates the problems associated with the more clinically obvious neurologic deficits. Since injury directly affects cells embedded within the "immune privileged/specialized" milieu of the spinal cord, maladaptive or inefficient responses are likely to occur. Collectively, these responses qualify as part of the continuum of "SCI disease" and are important therapeutic targets to improve neural repair and neurological outcome. Generic immune suppressive therapies have been largely unsuccessful, mostly because inflammation and immunity exert both beneficial (plasticity enhancing) and detrimental (e.g. glia- and neurodegenerative; secondary damage) effects and these functions change over time. Moreover, "compartimentalized" investigations, limited to only intraspinal inflammation and associated cellular or molecular changes in the spinal cord, neglect the reality that the structure and function of the CNS are influenced by systemic immune challenges and that the immune system is 'hardwired' into the nervous system. Here, we consider this interplay during the progression from acute to chronic SCI. Specifically, we survey impaired/non-resolving intraspinal inflammation and the paradox of systemic inflammatory responses in the context of ongoing chronic immune suppression and autoimmunity. The concepts of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) and "neurogenic" spinal cord injury-induced immune depression syndrome (SCI-IDS) are discussed as determinants of impaired "host-defense" and trauma-induced autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Schwab
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research (Neuroparaplegiology), Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
- Spinal Cord Injury Center, Trauma Hospital Berlin, D-12683 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Marcel A. Kopp
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research (Neuroparaplegiology), Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brommer
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research (Neuroparaplegiology), Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Phillip G. Popovich
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Alfieri A, Srivastava S, Siow RCM, Cash D, Modo M, Duchen MR, Fraser PA, Williams SCR, Mann GE. Sulforaphane preconditioning of the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway protects the cerebral vasculature against blood-brain barrier disruption and neurological deficits in stroke. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:1012-1022. [PMID: 24017972 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cerebral edema are the major pathogenic mechanisms leading to neurological dysfunction and death after ischemic stroke. The brain protects itself against infarction via activation of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms, and we here report the first evidence that sulforaphane-mediated preactivation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the cerebral vasculature protects the brain against stroke. To induce ischemic stroke, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 70 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by 4, 24, or 72 h reperfusion. Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression was upregulated in cerebral microvessels of peri-infarct regions after 4-72 h, with HO-1 preferentially associated with perivascular astrocytes rather than the cerebrovascular endothelium. In naïve rats, treatment with sulforaphane increased Nrf2 expression in cerebral microvessels after 24h. Upregulation of Nrf2 by sulforaphane treatment prior to transient MCAo (1h) was associated with increased HO-1 expression in perivascular astrocytes in peri-infarct regions and cerebral endothelium in the infarct core. BBB disruption, lesion progression, as analyzed by MRI, and neurological deficits were reduced by sulforaphane pretreatment. As sulforaphane pretreatment led to a moderate increase in peroxynitrite generation, we suggest that hormetic preconditioning underlies sulforaphane-mediated protection against stroke. In conclusion, we propose that pharmacological or dietary interventions aimed to precondition the brain via activation of the Nrf2 defense pathway in the cerebral microvasculature provide a novel therapeutic approach for preventing BBB breakdown and neurological dysfunction in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alfieri
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Salil Srivastava
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Richard C M Siow
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Diana Cash
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Michel Modo
- Centre for the Cellular Basis of Behaviour, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Michael R Duchen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Paul A Fraser
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Steven C R Williams
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
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Diaz-Ruiz A, Maldonado PD, Mendez-Armenta M, Jiménez-García K, Salgado-Ceballos H, Santander I, Ríos C. Activation of heme oxygenase recovers motor function after spinal cord injury in rats. Neurosci Lett 2013; 556:26-31. [PMID: 24112949 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of auto-destructive mechanisms, leading to cell death after spinal cord injury (SCI) is important to prevent further damage to tissue. Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the oxidation of heme to biliverdin and carbon monoxide (CO), as a response to cell damage. Products of HO action have biological effects, as antioxidant biliverdin. We evaluated the changes of HO activity after injury, and the effect of pharmacological treatments with hemin (an inducer) and (Sn)-protoporphyrin (an inhibitor, Sn-PPIX) of HO, upon motor recovery after SCI. Female Wistar rats were submitted to SCI by trauma and sacrificed at several times (2, 4, 8, 12 and 24h) after injury to evaluate HO activity. Additional groups of rats were treated with either hemin or Sn-PPIX, to evaluate motor recovery, spared spinal cord tissue and HO activity. Results showed that HO control activity was increased by effect of SCI, at all times evaluated, as compared to sham group values. Twenty-four hours after injury, HO activity was increased 7.2-fold by hemin treatment, as compared to SCI plus vehicle group values. In addition, animals treated with hemin 2 and 8h after SCI, showed a better motor recovery and higher spared cord tissue, as compared to control group values. Our findings indicate that activation of HO is a beneficial mechanism when attained during the acute phase after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Diaz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, S.S.A., México, Mexico
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Liu D, Shan Y, Valluru L, Bao F. Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin scavenges reactive species, reduces oxidative stress, and improves functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injury in rats: comparison with methylprednisolone. BMC Neurosci 2013; 14:23. [PMID: 23452429 PMCID: PMC3608940 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-14-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial experimental evidence supports that reactive species mediate secondary damage after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) by inducing oxidative stress. Removal of reactive species may reduce secondary damage following SCI. This study explored the effectiveness of a catalytic antioxidant - Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP) - in removing reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing oxidative stress, and improving functional recovery in vivo in a rat impact SCI model. The efficiency of MnTBAP was also compared with that of methylprednisolone - the only drug used clinically in treating acute SCI. RESULTS In vivo measurements of time courses of ROS production by microdialysis and microcannula sampling in MnTBAP, methylprednisolone, and saline (as vehicle control)-treated SCI rats showed that both agents significantly reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, but only MnTBAP significantly reduced superoxide elevation after SCI. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that MnTBAP scavenged both of the preceding ROS, whereas methylprednisolone had no effect on either. By counting the immuno-positive neurons in the spinal cord sections immunohistochemically stained with anti-nitrotyrosine and anti-4-hydroxy-nonenal antibodies as the markers of protein nitration and membrane lipid peroxidation, we demonstrated that MnTBAP significantly reduced the numbers of 4-hydroxy-nonenal-positive and nitrotyrosine-positive neurons in the sections at 1.55 to 2.55 mm and 1.1 to 3.1 mm, respectively, rostral to the injury epicenter compared to the vehicle-treated animals. By behavioral tests (open field and inclined plane tests), we demonstrated that at 4 hours post-SCI treatment with MnTBAP and the standard methylprednisolone regimen both significantly increased test scores compared to those produced by vehicle treatment. However, the outcomes for MnTBAP-treated rats were significantly better than those for methylprednisolone-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated for the first time in vivo and in vitro that MnTBAP significantly reduced the levels of SCI-elevated ROS and that MnTBAP is superior to methylprednisolone in removing ROS. Removal of ROS by MnTBAP significantly reduced protein nitration and membrane lipid peroxidation in neurons. MnTBAP more effectively reduced neurological deficits than did methylprednisolone after SCI - the first most important criterion for assessing SCI treatments. These results support the therapeutic potential of MnTBAP in treating SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxia Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Rt. 0881, Galveston, TX 77555-0881, USA.
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Smith JA, Park S, Krause JS, Banik NL. Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and the telomeric complex as therapeutic targets in acute neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2013; 62:764-75. [PMID: 23422879 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been identified as an important contributor to neurodegeneration associated with acute CNS injuries and diseases such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and ischemic stroke. In this review, we briefly detail the damaging effects of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, etc.) with a particular emphasis on DNA damage. Evidence for DNA damage in acute CNS injuries is presented along with its downstream effects on neuronal viability. In particular, unchecked oxidative DNA damage initiates a series of signaling events (e.g. activation of p53 and PARP-1, cell cycle re-activation) which have been shown to promote neuronal loss following CNS injury. These findings suggest that preventing DNA damage might be an effective way to promote neuronal survival and enhance neurological recovery in these conditions. Finally, we identify the telomere and telomere-associated proteins (e.g. telomerase) as novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of neurodegeneration due to their ability to modulate the neuronal response to both oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Smith
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Clinical Sciences Building Room 309, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Heme oxygenase-1 regulates postnatal lung repair after hyperoxia: role of β-catenin/hnRNPK signaling. Redox Biol 2013; 1:234-43. [PMID: 24024157 PMCID: PMC3757689 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the newborn, alveolarization continues postnatally and can be disrupted by hyperoxia, leading to long-lasting consequences on lung function. We wanted to better understand the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, the inducible form of the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, in neonatal hyperoxic lung injury and repair. Although it was not observed after 3 days of hyperoxia alone, when exposed to hyperoxia and allowed to recover in air (O2/air recovered), neonatal HO-1 knockout (KO) mice had enlarged alveolar spaces and increased lung apoptosis as well as decreased lung protein translation and dysregulated gene expression in the recovery phase of the injury. Associated with these changes, KO had sustained low levels of active β-catenin and lesser lung nuclear heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) protein levels, whereas lung nuclear hnRNPK was increased in transgenic mice over-expressing nuclear HO-1. Disruption of HO-1 may enhance hnRNPK-mediated inhibition of protein translation and subsequently impair the β-catenin/hnRNPK regulated gene expression required for coordinated lung repair and regeneration.
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Schizophrenia-like features in transgenic mice overexpressing human HO-1 in the astrocytic compartment. J Neurosci 2012; 32:10841-53. [PMID: 22875919 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.6469-11.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delineation of key molecules that act epigenetically to transduce diverse stressors into established patterns of disease would facilitate the advent of preventive and disease-modifying therapeutics for a host of neurological disorders. Herein, we demonstrate that selective overexpression of the stress protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in astrocytes of novel GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice results in subcortical oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage/autophagy; diminished neuronal reelin content (males); induction of Nurr1 and Pitx3 with attendant suppression of their targeting miRNAs, 145 and 133b; increased tyrosine hydroxylase and α-synuclein expression with downregulation of the targeting miR-7b of the latter; augmented dopamine and serotonin levels in basal ganglia; reduced D1 receptor binding in nucleus accumbens; axodendritic pathology and altered hippocampal cytoarchitectonics; impaired neurovascular coupling; attenuated prepulse inhibition (males); and hyperkinetic behavior. The GFAP.HMOX1 neurophenotype bears resemblances to human schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental conditions and implicates glial HO-1 as a prime transducer of inimical (endogenous and environmental) influences on the development of monoaminergic circuitry. Containment of the glial HO-1 response to noxious stimuli at strategic points of the life cycle may afford novel opportunities for the effective management of human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions.
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Song W, Zukor H, Lin SH, Liberman A, Tavitian A, Mui J, Vali H, Fillebeen C, Pantopoulos K, Wu TD, Guerquin-Kern JL, Schipper HM. Unregulated brain iron deposition in transgenic mice over-expressing HMOX1 in the astrocytic compartment. J Neurochem 2012; 123:325-36. [PMID: 22881289 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for pathological iron deposition in the aging and degenerating mammalian CNS remain poorly understood. The stress protein, HO-1 mediates the degradation of cellular heme to biliverdin/bilirubin, free iron, and CO and is up-regulated in the brains of persons with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. HO-1 induction in primary astroglial cultures promotes deposition of non-transferrin iron, mitochondrial damage and macroautophagy, and predisposes cocultured neuronal elements to oxidative injury. To gain a better appreciation of the role of glial HO-1 in vivo, we probed for aberrant brain iron deposition using Perls' method and dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry in novel, conditional GFAP.HMOX1 transgenic mice that selectively over-express human HO-1 in the astrocytic compartment. At 48 weeks, the GFAP.HMOX1 mice exhibited increased deposits of glial iron in hippocampus and other subcortical regions without overt changes in iron-regulatory and iron-binding proteins relative to age-matched wild-type animals. Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed abundant FeO⁻ signals in the transgenic, but not wild-type, mouse brain that colocalized to degenerate mitochondria and osmiophilic cytoplasmic inclusions (macroautophagy) documented by TEM. Sustained up-regulation of HO-1 in astrocytes promotes pathological brain iron deposition and oxidative mitochondrial damage characteristic of Alzheimer's disease-affected neural tissues. Curtailment of glial HO-1 hyperactivity may limit iron-mediated cytotoxicity in aging and degenerating neural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Shin JH, Kim SW, Jin Y, Kim ID, Lee JK. Ethyl pyruvate-mediated Nrf2 activation and hemeoxygenase 1 induction in astrocytes confer protective effects via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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