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Shaukat MN, Fallico B, Nazir A. Impact of Air-Drying Temperatures on Drying Kinetics, Physicochemical Properties, and Bioactive Profile of Ginger. Foods 2024; 13:1096. [PMID: 38611400 PMCID: PMC11012020 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a perishable commodity that requires proper processing to maintain its bioactivity. This study evaluated the effect of different air-drying temperatures (50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C) on ginger's drying kinetics and quality attributes. For an enhanced understanding of the drying kinetics, we employed a detailed approach by combining an existing drying model (namely, Midilli) with the Arrhenius model. This combined model facilitates a thorough analysis of how temperature and time concurrently affect the moisture ratio, offering more profound insights into the drying mechanism. A higher drying rate was achieved at 70 °C, yet elevated drying temperatures could compromise the quality attributes of ginger slices. Ginger slices dried at 50 °C displayed improved physicochemical properties and less color browning. The evaluation of the bioactivity profile of resultant ginger extracts also revealed higher total phenolic contents (1875.87 ± 31.40 mg GAE/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (18.2 ± 0.9 mg TE/kg) in 50 °C treated ginger samples. Meanwhile, the hydroethanolic mixture (70% ethanol) was also reorganized with better extraction efficiency than water and MWF (a ternary blend of methanol, water, and formic acid) solution. The promising outcomes of this study endorse the influence of drying temperature on the quality characteristics and bioactive profile of ginger and the selection of suitable extraction solvents to acquire phenolic-rich extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nouman Shaukat
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.N.S.); (B.F.)
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.N.S.); (B.F.)
| | - Akmal Nazir
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Pázmándi K, Ágics B, Szöllősi AG, Bácsi A, Fekete T. Ginger-derived bioactive compounds attenuate the Toll-like receptor mediated responses of human dendritic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176399. [PMID: 38331338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Ginger has been used for thousands of years for the treatment of many illnesses, from nausea to migraines. Recently, an interest has grown in ginger compounds in the context of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases due to their significant anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the effects and mechanism of action of these phytochemicals in human immune cells, particularly in dendritic cells (DCs) are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, the major compounds found in ginger rhizome, on the functionality of primary human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). Here we report for the first time that 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol dampen the immunogenicity of human DCs by inhibiting their activation, cytokine production and T cell stimulatory ability. In particular, the bioactive compounds of ginger dose-dependently inhibited the upregulation of activation markers, and the production of different cytokines in response to synthetic Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. Moreover, both compounds could significantly reduce the Escherichia coli-triggered cytokine production and T cell stimulatory capacity of moDCs. We also provide evidence that the ginger-derived compounds attenuate DC functionality via inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascades. Further, 6-shogaol but not 6-gingerol activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways that might contribute to its anti-inflammatory action. Altogether, our results indicate that ginger-derived phytochemicals exert their anti-inflammatory activities via multiple mechanisms and suggest that 6-shogaol is more potent in its ability to suppress DC functionality than 6-gingerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Ágics
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Attila Gábor Szöllősi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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3
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Lee YG, Lee SR, Baek HJ, Kwon JE, Baek NI, Kang TH, Kim H, Kang SC. The Effects of Body Fat Reduction through the Metabolic Control of Steam-Processed Ginger Extract in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2982. [PMID: 38474229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing globally due to behavioral and environmental changes. There are many therapeutic agents available for the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, but the data on their efficacy and safety are lacking. Through a pilot study by our group, Zingiber officinale rhizomes used as a spice and functional food were selected as an anti-obesity candidate. In this study, steam-processed ginger extract (GGE) was used and we compared its efficacy at alleviating metabolic syndrome-related symptoms with that of conventional ginger extract (GE). Compared with GE, GGE (25-100 μg/mL) had an increased antioxidant capacity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. GGE was better at suppressing the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and promoting glucose utilization in C2C12 cells than GE. In 16-week high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice, GGE (100 and 200 mg/kg) improved biochemical profiles, including lipid status and liver function, to a greater extent than GE (200 mg/kg). The supplementation of HFD-fed mice with GGE (200 mg/kg) resulted in the downregulation of SREBP-1c and FAS gene expression in the liver. Collectively, our results indicate that GGE is a promising therapeutic for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kwon
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong Ho Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunggun Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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4
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Al-Jamal H, Idriss S, Roufayel R, Abi Khattar Z, Fajloun Z, Sabatier JM. Treating COVID-19 with Medicinal Plants: Is It Even Conceivable? A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2024; 16:320. [PMID: 38543686 PMCID: PMC10974729 DOI: 10.3390/v16030320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) challenged the world with a global outbreak that led to millions of deaths worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the symptomatic manifestation of this virus, which can range from flu-like symptoms to utter clinical complications and even death. Since there was no clear medicine that could tackle this infection or lower its complications with minimal adverse effects on the patients' health, the world health organization (WHO) developed awareness programs to lower the infection rate and limit the fast spread of this virus. Although vaccines have been developed as preventative tools, people still prefer going back to traditional herbal medicine, which provides remarkable health benefits that can either prevent the viral infection or limit the progression of severe symptoms through different mechanistic pathways with relatively insignificant side effects. This comprehensive review provides scientific evidence elucidating the effect of 10 different plants against SARS-CoV-2, paving the way for further studies to reconsider plant-based extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, into more advanced clinical assessments in order to identify their impact on patients suffering from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Al-Jamal
- Faculty of Public Health 3, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1100, Lebanon;
| | - Sara Idriss
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | - Ziad Abi Khattar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Kalhat, Tripoli P.O. Box 100, Lebanon;
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences 3, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Sabatier
- INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385 Marseille, France
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Kim SJ, Shin MS, Choi YK. Ameliorative Effects of Zingiber officinale Rosc on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Improvement in Intestinal Function. Molecules 2024; 29:732. [PMID: 38338475 PMCID: PMC10856109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global increase in antibiotic consumption is related to increased adverse effects, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). This study investigated the chemical properties of Zingiber officinale Rosc (ZO) extract and its ameliorative effects using a lincomycin-induced AAD mouse model. Intestinal tissues were evaluated for the expression of lysozyme, claudin-1, and α-defensin-1, which are associated with intestinal homeostasis. The cecum was analyzed to assess the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The chemical properties analysis of ZO extracts revealed the levels of total neutral sugars, acidic sugars, proteins, and polyphenols to be 86.4%, 8.8%, 4.0%, and 0.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the monosaccharide composition of ZO was determined to include glucose (97.3%) and galactose (2.7%). ZO extract administration ameliorated the impact of AAD and associated weight loss, and water intake also returned to normal. Moreover, treatment with ZO extract restored the expression levels of lysozyme, α-defensin-1, and claudin-1 to normal levels. The decreased SCFA levels due to induced AAD showed a return to normal levels. The results indicate that ZO extract improved AAD, strengthened the intestinal barrier, and normalized SCFA levels, showing that ZO extract possesses intestinal-function strengthening effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - You-Kyung Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; (S.J.K.)
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6
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Waliat S, Arshad MS, Hanif H, Ejaz A, Khalid W, Kauser S, Al-Farga A. A review on bioactive compounds in sprouts: extraction techniques, food application and health functionality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2176001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Waliat
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hadia Hanif
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afaf Ejaz
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Safura Kauser
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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7
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Anusha R, Ashin M, Priya S. Ginger exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and anti-metastatic effects in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114102. [PMID: 37865333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Ginger exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) have been extensively implicated in alleviating inflammation, maintaining intestinal microbiome and are considered competent drug delivery vehicles. Despite this, the current knowledge of the GELN interaction with cancer cells is limited. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive variant lacking efficient therapeutics, necessitates novel natural counterparts with minimal side effects. This study investigates the action of GELNs isolated from ginger rhizomes against TNBC cells. GELNs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized physicochemically. The interaction of GELNs with TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231) was studied in detail. The GELNs induced a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability in MDA-MB-231 cells without affecting the normal cell lines tested. GELNs induced apoptosis as indicated by morphological changes, nuclear fragmentation, membrane damage, phosphatidyl serine translocation, ROS generation, drop in mitochondrial membrane potential, expression of apoptotic specific proteins, and increased caspase activity. GELNs also instigated cell cycle arrest, retarded cell migration and colony formation in TNBC cells. These findings report a novel action of GELNs against TNBC cells and a closer look at the underlying molecular mechanism of this interspecies communication. This opens newer prospects for using dietary ELNs to target therapeutically challenging cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Anusha
- Biochemistry Section, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - M Ashin
- Biochemistry Section, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sulochana Priya
- Biochemistry Section, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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8
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Shaukat MN, Nazir A, Fallico B. Ginger Bioactives: A Comprehensive Review of Health Benefits and Potential Food Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2015. [PMID: 38001868 PMCID: PMC10669910 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger is an herbaceous and flowering plant renowned for its rhizome, which is widely employed as both a spice and an herb. Since ancient times, ginger has been consumed in folk medicine and traditional cuisines for its favorable health effects. Different in vitro and in vivo studies have disclosed the advantageous physiological aspects of ginger, primarily due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-carcinogenic properties. These health-promoting features are linked to the variety of bioactive compounds that are present in ginger. Following the advancement in consumer awareness and the industrial demand for organic antioxidants and functional ingredients, the application of ginger and its derivatives has been broadly investigated in a wide range of food products. The prominent features transmitted by ginger into different food areas are antioxidant and nutraceutical values (bakery); flavor, acceptability, and techno-functional characteristics (dairy); hedonic and antimicrobial properties (beverages); oxidative stability, tenderization, and sensorial attributes (meat); and shelf life and sensorial properties (film, coating, and packaging). This review is focused on providing a comprehensive overview of the tendencies in the application of ginger and its derivatives in the food industry and concurrently briefly discusses the beneficial aspects and processing of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nouman Shaukat
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Akmal Nazir
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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Chen GQ, Nan Y, Huang SC, Ning N, Du YH, Lu DD, Yang YT, Meng FD, Yuan L. Research progress of ginger in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1835-1851. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i11.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer seriously endangers human health. Gastrointestinal cancer is the most common and major malignant tumor, and its morbidity and mortality are gradually increasing. Although there are effective treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors, they are often accompanied by serious side effects. According to the traditional Chinese medicine and food homology theory, many materials are both food and medicine. Moreover, food is just as capable of preventing and treating diseases as medicine. Medicine and food homologous herbs not only have excellent pharmacological effects and activities but also have few side effects. As a typical medicinal herb with both medicinal and edible uses, some components of ginger have been shown to have good efficacy and safety against cancer. A mass of evidence has also shown that ginger has anti-tumor effects on digestive tract cancers (such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, laryngeal cancer, and pancreatic cancer) through a variety of pathways. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of action of the main components of ginger and their potential clinical applications in treating gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shi-Cong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dou-Dou Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fan-Di Meng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Foshati S, Poursadeghfard M, Heidari Z, Amani R. The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:383. [PMID: 37891539 PMCID: PMC10605938 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms affect more than 80% of individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Ginger is widely known for its GI relieving properties. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ginger supplementation on common GI symptoms in RRMS patients. METHODS This study was a 12-week double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial with a 3-week run-in period. The intervention (n = 26) and control (n = 26) groups received 500 mg ginger and placebo (as corn) supplements 3 times a day along with main meals, respectively. At the beginning and end of the trial, the frequency and severity of constipation, dysphagia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, belching, flatulence, heartburn, anorexia, and nausea were assessed using the visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 100 mm. Totally, 49 participants completed the study. However, data analysis was performed on all 52 participants based on the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS In comparison with placebo, ginger supplementation resulted in significant or near-significant reductions in the frequency (-23.63 ± 5.36 vs. 14.81 ± 2.78, P < 0.001) and severity (-24.15 ± 5.10 vs. 11.39 ± 3.23, P < 0.001) of constipation, the frequency (-12.41 ± 3.75 vs. 3.75 ± 1.82, P < 0.001) and severity (-13.43 ± 4.91 vs. 6.88 ± 2.69, P = 0.001) of nausea, the frequency (-9.31 ± 4.44 vs. 1.56 ± 4.05, P = 0.098) and severity (-11.57 ± 5.09 vs. 3.97 ± 3.99, P = 0.047) of bloating, and the severity of abdominal pain (-5.69 ± 3.66 vs. 3.43 ± 3.26, P = 0.069). CONCLUSION Ginger consumption can improve constipation, nausea, bloating, and abdominal pain in patients with RRMS. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( www.irct.ir ) under the registration number IRCT20180818040827N3 on 06/10/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Foshati
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Poursadeghfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Ghoreishi PS, Shams M, Nimrouzi M, Zarshenas MM, Lankarani KB, Fallahzadeh Abarghooei E, Talebzadeh M, Hashempur MH. The Effects of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Diet Suppl 2023; 21:294-312. [PMID: 37817641 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2263788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prominent etiological factor for liver cirrhosis worldwide. It is frequently associated with obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have NAFLD. In a two-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, seventy-six patients diagnosed with both T2DM and NAFLD were randomly assigned to receive either ginger powder capsules (1000 mg, twice daily) or placebo capsules (administered in the same manner) for a period of three months. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure readings, biochemical profiles, and imaging parameters were assessed before and after the intervention. Safety measures were also evaluated. In both the ginger and placebo groups, there was a significant reduction in mean body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, as well as liver transaminase levels. Moreover, significant improvements in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were observed in the ginger group (p = 0.02 and < 0.0001, respectively). Within the ginger group, there was a decrease in serum insulin levels and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p = 0.002 and 0.004, respectively). Furthermore, the ginger group exhibited an improvement in serum HDL-cholesterol level (p = 0.01). However, there were no significant changes in the assessed inflammatory markers or the indices obtained from fibroscan imaging, including steatosis percent and controlled attenuation parameter. This study demonstrates that ginger supplementation can significantly improve mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures. However, it does not have a significant impact on inflammatory markers or fibroscan imaging indices. Nonetheless, the three-month use of ginger improves serum insulin level, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HDL-cholesterol level compared to baseline values. Further investigations with longer durations and larger sample sizes are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parissa Sadat Ghoreishi
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mesbah Shams
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Nimrouzi
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Fallahzadeh Abarghooei
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Hou T, Guo Y, Han W, Zhou Y, Netala VR, Li H, Li H, Zhang Z. Exploring the Biomedical Applications of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Perilla frutescens Flavonoid Extract: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cell Toxicity Properties against Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6431. [PMID: 37687260 PMCID: PMC10490294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a simple, cost effective and eco-friendly method. In this method, the flavonoid extract of Perilla frutescens (PFFE) was used as a bioreduction agent for the reduction of metallic silver into nanosilver, called P. frutescens flavonoid extract silver nanoparticles (PFFE-AgNPs). The Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak at 440 nm that confirmed the synthesis of PFFE-AgNPs. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis of the PFFE-AgNPs revealed that flavonoids are involved in the bioreduction and capping processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of PFFE-AgNPs. A transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis indicated that the synthesized PFFE-AgNPs are 20 to 70 nm in size with spherical morphology and without any aggregation. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed that the average hydrodynamic size was 44 nm. A polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.321 denotes the monodispersed nature of PFFE-AgNPs. Further, a highly negative surface charge or zeta potential value (-30 mV) indicates the repulsion, non-aggregation, and stability of PFFE-AgNPs. PFFE-AgNPs showed cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, including human colon carcinoma (COLO205) and mouse melanoma (B16F10), with IC50 concentrations of 59.57 and 69.33 μg/mL, respectively. PFFE-AgNPs showed a significant inhibition of both Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogens and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi and Acinetobacter baumannii) bacteria pathogens. PFFE-AgNPs exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity by quenching 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals with IC50 values of 72.81 and 92.48 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, we also explained the plausible mechanisms of the biosynthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial effects of PFFE-AgNPs. Overall, these findings suggest that PFFE-AgNPs have potential as a multi-functional nanomaterial for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy and infection control. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these nanoparticles in vivo, as well as to explore their potential in other areas of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
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13
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Balcázar-Zumaeta CR, Castro-Alayo EM, Muñoz-Astecker LD, Cayo-Colca IS, Velayarce-Vallejos F. Food Technology forecasting: A based bibliometric update in functional chocolates. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19578. [PMID: 37681142 PMCID: PMC10480631 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Technology forecasting (TF) based on bibliometric tools allows knowing the technological trends of developed topics based on experience and current knowledge, thus anticipating future changes. To reduce hunger and improve nutrition, the food-based topic is of central concern, especially functional food. Among these, various studies on chocolates have been performed. On a global scale, these products are at the level of patents, with China leading it, vastly outperforming the cocoa-producing countries. Though no known functional chocolates are sold under that specific name, chocolates on the market serve as "carriers" of bioactive compounds. Unfortunately, they cannot be attributed to health properties since these properties have to be evaluated with in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Launching functional chocolate on the market is possible; however, it would be a long-term process involving previous stages such as studying its ingredients' bioactive properties, laboratory-level product development, functional properties, and quality and acceptance parameters. For research purposes, it is possible to speak of functional chocolates, potentially functional chocolates, or chocolates enriched with bioactive compounds since the development of research does not necessarily involve launching the product on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- César R. Balcázar-Zumaeta
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agrarias, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional de Piura, Piura, Jr. Tacna 748, Piura, Peru
| | - Efraín M. Castro-Alayo
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
- Industrial Engineering Program, Academic Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 32, Peru
| | - Lucas D. Muñoz-Astecker
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Ilse S. Cayo-Colca
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Fredy Velayarce-Vallejos
- Facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Mecánica, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
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14
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Labeling compliance and online claims for Ayurvedic herbal supplements on the U.S. market associated with the purported treatment of COVID-19. Food Control 2023; 148:109673. [PMID: 36778101 PMCID: PMC9901855 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many consumers increased their use of supplements that claimed to support immune health, including Ayurvedic preparations. The goal of this study was to analyze labeling compliance and online claims for Ayurvedic herbal supplements associated with the purported treatment of COVID-19. The physical product labels for 51 herbal supplements labeled as ginger, tulsi/holy basil, amla, vacha/calamus root, guduchi/giloy, cinnamon, ashwagandha, tribulus, or turmeric were assessed for U.S. regulatory compliance. Disease claims, structure/function claims, and general well-being claims were also examined. The online listings for products purchased online (n = 42) were examined for claims and for the presence of the required legal disclaimer. Collectively, 61% of products had at least one instance of noncompliance on the physical label. The most common violations included missing/noncompliant disclaimer (33%), noncompliant "Supplement Facts" label (29%), noncompliant statement of identity (27%) and noncompliant domestic mailing address or phone number (25%). Structure/function claims occurred more frequently in the online product listings (average of 5 claims per product) compared to the physical labels (average of 2 claims per product). Disease claims were observed for 38% of online product listings and on 8% of physical labels. The use of disease claims on herbal supplements is a significant concern for public health because it may lead consumers to delay seeking professional treatment for life-threatening diseases. Overall, this study revealed a lack of labeling compliance among Ayurvedic herbal supplements and a need for greater scrutiny and monitoring of online product listings.
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15
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Dietary-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles as Bacterial Modulators: Beyond MicroRNAs. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051265. [PMID: 36904264 PMCID: PMC10005434 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that food is an important factor that influences the composition of the gut microbiota. Usually, all the attention has been focused on nutrients such as lipids, proteins, vitamins, or polyphenols. However, a pivotal role in these processes has been linked to dietary-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (DELNs). While food macro- and micronutrient composition are largely well established, there is considerable interest in these DELNs and their cargoes. In this sense, traditionally, all the attention was focused on the proteins or miRNAs contained in these vesicles. However, it has been shown that DELNs would also carry other bioactive molecules with a key role in regulating biochemical pathways and/or interactions with the host's gut microbiome affecting intracellular communication. Due to the scarce literature, it is necessary to compile the current knowledge about the antimicrobial capacity of DELNs and its possible molecular mechanisms that will serve as a starting point. For this reason, in this review, we highlight the impact of DENLs on different bacteria species modulating the host gut microbiota or antibacterial properties. It could be concluded that DELNs, isolated from both plant and animal foods, exert gut microbiota modulation. However, the presence of miRNA in the vesicle cargoes is not the only one responsible for this effect. Lipids present in the DELNs membrane or small molecules packed in may also be responsible for apoptosis signaling, inhibition, or growth promoters.
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16
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El-Saadony MT, Yang T, Korma SA, Sitohy M, Abd El-Mageed TA, Selim S, Al Jaouni SK, Salem HM, Mahmmod Y, Soliman SM, Mo’men SAA, Mosa WFA, El-Wafai NA, Abou-Aly HE, Sitohy B, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, Saad AM. Impacts of turmeric and its principal bioactive curcumin on human health: Pharmaceutical, medicinal, and food applications: A comprehensive review. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1040259. [PMID: 36712505 PMCID: PMC9881416 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The yellow polyphenolic pigment known as curcumin, originating from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa L., has been utilized for ages in ancient medicine, as well as in cooking and food coloring. Recently, the biological activities of turmeric and curcumin have been thoroughly investigated. The studies mainly focused on their antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective impacts. This review seeks to provide an in-depth, detailed discussion of curcumin usage within the food processing industries and its effect on health support and disease prevention. Curcumin's bioavailability, bio-efficacy, and bio-safety characteristics, as well as its side effects and quality standards, are also discussed. Finally, curcumin's multifaceted uses, food appeal enhancement, agro-industrial techniques counteracting its instability and low bioavailability, nanotechnology and focused drug delivery systems to increase its bioavailability, and prospective clinical use tactics are all discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Sameh A. Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Taia A. Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba M. Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mahmmod
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Soliman M. Soliman
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. A. Mo’men
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid F. A. Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nahed A. El-Wafai
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hamed E. Abou-Aly
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Ahmed M. Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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17
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Alharbi KS, Nadeem MS, Afzal O, Alzarea SI, Altamimi ASA, Almalki WH, Mubeen B, Iftikhar S, Shah L, Kazmi I. Gingerol, a Natural Antioxidant, Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Downstream Complications. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121274. [PMID: 36557312 PMCID: PMC9782005 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is seen in approximately 68 percent of patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU). In many acute circumstances, such as myocardial infarction, brain, injury and stroke, it is an independent predictor of mortality. Hyperglycemia is induced by a mix of genetic, environmental, and immunologic variables in people with type 1 diabetes. These factors cause pancreatic beta cell death and insulin insufficiency. Insulin resistance and irregular insulin production cause hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients. Hyperglycemia activates a number of complicated interconnected metabolic processes. Hyperglycemia is a major contributor to the onset and progression of diabetes' secondary complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataracts, periodontitis, and bone and joint issues. Studies on the health benefits of ginger and its constituent's impact on hyperglycemia and related disorders have been conducted and gingerol proved to be a potential pharmaceutically active constituent of ginger (Zingiber officinale) that has been shown to lower blood sugar levels, because it possesses antioxidant properties and it functions as an antioxidant in the complicated biochemical process that causes hyperglycemia to be activated. Gingerol not only helps in treating hyperglycemia but also shows effectivity against diseases related to it, such as cardiopathy, kidney failure, vision impairments, bone and joint problems, and teeth and gum infections. Moreover, fresh ginger has various gingerol analogues, with 6-gingerol being the most abundant. However, it is necessary to investigate the efficacy of its other analogues against hyperglycemia and associated disorders at various concentrations in order to determine the appropriate dose for treating these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bismillah Mubeen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Iftikhar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
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18
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Ajanaku CO, Ademosun OT, Atohengbe PO, Ajayi SO, Obafemi YD, Owolabi OA, Akinduti PA, Ajanaku KO. Functional bioactive compounds in ginger, turmeric, and garlic. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1012023. [PMID: 36570131 PMCID: PMC9773837 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1012023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition plays a very important role in the health promotion of individuals and brought about a global paradigm shift from pharmaceuticals to nutraceuticals. This is due to the high cost, non-availability, and side effects associated with the unregulated consumption of pharmaceuticals. Over the ages, nutraceuticals from food products were reported to contain bioactive compounds with great health and physiological benefits. This report reviews bioactive compounds in selected foods namely ginger (Zingiber officinale), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and garlic (Allium sativum) as potential natural therapeutics for ailments of cancer and heart-related diseases. Analytical profiles, functional activities, and characterization of these compounds were discussed with possible recommendations for the prospective treatment of diseases using these nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olayinka Ayotunde Owolabi
- Department of Agriculture Economics and Extension, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | - Kolawole Oluseyi Ajanaku
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria,*Correspondence: Kolawole Oluseyi Ajanaku
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19
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Gao Y, Lu Y, Zhang N, Udenigwe CC, Zhang Y, Fu Y. Preparation, pungency and bioactivity of gingerols from ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2708-2733. [PMID: 36135317 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ginger has been widely used for different purposes, such as condiment, functional food, drugs, and cosmetics. Gingerols, the main pungent component in ginger, possess a variety of bioactivities. To fully understand the significance of gingerols in the food and pharmaceutical industry, this paper first recaps the composition and physiochemical properties of gingerols, and the major extraction and synthesis methods. Furthermore, the pungency and bioactivity of gingerols are reviewed. In addition, the food application of gingerols and future perspectives are discussed. Gingerols, characterized by a 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl moiety, are divided into gingerols, shogaols, paradols, zingerone, gingerdiones and gingerdiols. At present, gingerols are extracted by conventional, innovative, and integrated extraction methods, and synthesized by chemical, biological and in vitro cell synthesis methods. Gingerols can activate transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and induce signal transduction, thereby exhibiting its pungent properties and bioactivity. By targeted mediation of various cell signaling pathways, gingerols display potential anticancer, antibacterial, blood glucose regulatory, hepato- and renal-protective, gastrointestinal regulatory, nerve regulatory, and cardiovascular protective effects. This review contributes to the application of gingerols as functional ingredients in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Gao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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20
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Ren M, Ren Z, Chen L, Zhou C, Okonkwo CE, Mujumdar AS. Comparison of ultrasound and ethanol pretreatments before catalytic infrared drying on physicochemical properties, drying, and contamination of Chinese ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Food Chem 2022; 386:132759. [PMID: 35339079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreatment methods on the drying process and quality of catalytic infrared dried ginger slices, particularly the safety quality. Four different pretreatments strategies were used: sample submerged in distilled water, water + US pretreatment, ethanol pretreatment, and ethanol + US pretreatment. The results showed that all pretreatments reduced drying time, and sample pretreatment by ethanol + US had the highest drying efficiency, hardness, highest total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content retention. However, these pretreatments slightly decreased the rehydration ratio and gingerol content. The possible explanation for these results has been put forward by microstructure analysis. CIR-dried ginger samples were pretreated by four methods required by the agricultural standards of China. This study provides a new perspective on the commercial application of ethanol + US pretreatment for CIR-dried ginger slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Zifei Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Clinton Emeka Okonkwo
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, PMB 1001 Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Wan Y, Dong Z, Li H, Yang L, Li W, Zhu K, Jiang S, Qian D, Duan J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of the main active components in normal and ulcerative colitis rats after oral administration of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair and its single herb extracts by LC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2228-2238. [PMID: 35474281 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zingiberis Rhizoma and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma are usually used together for the treatment of ulcerative colitis in clinical practices. However, their compatibility mechanism remains unclear. In this study, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, and 6-gingerol in rat plasma after oral administration of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair and its single herb extracts. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity, with correlation coefficients of more than 0.993. The precision deviations of intra- and interday analysis were within 10.66%, and accuracy error ranged from -12.74 to 11.56%. The average recoveries of analytes were higher than 76.60% and the matrix effects were minimal. Thus, the validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of four ingredients in normal and ulcerative colitis rat plasma. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetic parameters of four analytes in normal and model groups showed significant differences. The larger exposure (the mean AUC0-t of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, and 6-gingerol were increased by 50.93, 141.90, 3.68, and 37.25%, respectively) and slower elimination (the CLz/F of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, and 6-gingerol were decreased by 52.94, 83.64, and 32.18%, respectively) were observed in ulcerative colitis rats. Furthermore, compared with single herbs, the analytes in rat plasma after oral administration of combined extracts presented relatively high systemic exposure levels with AUC0-t > 2000 h·ng/mL and Cmax > 200 ng/mL. Collectively, the differences of pharmacokinetic characteristics revealed the synergistic effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair, which provided a valuable and reliable basis for its clinical application in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Dong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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22
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Zhang JK, Zhou XL, Wang XQ, Zhang JX, Yang ML, Liu YP, Cao JX, Cheng GG. Que Zui tea ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in high fat diet induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Ma RH, Zhang XX, Ni ZJ, Thakur K, Wang W, Yan YM, Cao YL, Zhang JG, Rengasamy KRR, Wei ZJ. Lycium barbarum (Goji) as functional food: a review of its nutrition, phytochemical structure, biological features, and food industry prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10621-10635. [PMID: 35593666 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lycium genus (Goji berry) is recognized as a good source of homology of medicine and food, with various nutrients and phytochemicals. Lately, numerous studies have focused on the chemical constituents and biological functions of the L. barbarum L., covering phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. We aim to provide exclusive data on the nutrients of L. barbarum L. fruits and phytochemicals, including their structural characterization, the evolution of extraction, and purification processes of different phytochemicals of L. barbarum L. fruit while placing greater emphasis on their wide-ranging health effects. This review also profitably offers innovative approaches for the food industry and industrial applications of L. barbarum L. and addresses some current situations and problems in the development of L. barbarum L. in deep processing products, which can provide clues for the sustainable development of L. barbarum L. industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Hui Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Mei Yan
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Long Cao
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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24
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Research progress of Lycium barbarum L. as functional food: phytochemical composition and health benefits. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Ahmad N, Qamar M, Yuan Y, Nazir Y, Wilairatana P, Mubarak MS. Dietary Polyphenols: Extraction, Identification, Bioavailability, and Role for Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal and Prostate Cancers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092831. [PMID: 35566182 PMCID: PMC9104150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fruits, vegetables, and other edible plants in our diet have numerous health benefits, due to the bioactive compounds in these food items, including polyphenols. These plants are a rich and promising source of natural products and phytochemicals that can be used to treat and prevent numerous diseases and prevent the progression of cancer. Dietary polyphenols exhibit chemo-preventive and therapeutic effects against various ailments, including several types of cancer. The current study focuses on polyphenol’s traditional and advanced extraction methods, with supercritical extraction as a novel approach. It also deals with their identification, bioavailability, and role in preventing and treating colorectal and prostate cancers. Additionally, the article covers the literature that deals with the anticancer activities of polyphenols, as well as their potential use as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Multan College of Food & Nutrition Sciences, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan 60000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (P.W.); (M.S.M.); Tel.: +962-791016126 (M.S.M.)
| | - Muhammad Qamar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Yasir Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot 51300, Pakistan;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (P.W.); (M.S.M.); Tel.: +962-791016126 (M.S.M.)
| | - Mohammad S. Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (P.W.); (M.S.M.); Tel.: +962-791016126 (M.S.M.)
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26
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Dalsasso RR, Valencia GA, Monteiro AR. Impact of drying and extractions processes on the recovery of gingerols and shogaols, the main bioactive compounds of ginger. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111043. [PMID: 35337584 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ginger extracts have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial activities mainly due to gingerols and shogaols. Extract composition and functionality can be affected by drying and extraction processes. Alternative methods to obtain ginger extracts based on high contents of gingerols and shogaols have been reported. However, there were no studies that present a broad overview of how these methods affect the composition and functionalities of ginger extracts. Based on literature data from 2011 to 2022, this review shows how drying, extraction, and complementary processes (i.e., enzymatic, acidic, and carbonic maceration) affect the composition and bioactivity of the ginger extract. Lower temperature processes, including freeze-drying, cold ultrasound-, or enzyme-assisted extraction, lead to extracts richer in phenolics, gingerols, and antioxidant activity. On the other hand, acidic solvents or "hot" processes including microwave-drying, pressurized liquid, and microwave-assisted extraction can favor higher shogaols concentrations, which have higher antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities than the gingerols precursors. Thus, in this review, we analyzed and discussed the relation between ginger processing and their bioactive compounds, focusing especially on gingerols and shogaols, as well as the main processes that increase the content of 6-shogaol without compromising other phenolic compounds to produce highly functional extracts for future applications in the food packaging sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Remor Dalsasso
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Germán Ayala Valencia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Alcilene Rodrigues Monteiro
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Irshad S, Shabbir A, Aslam H, Akhtar T, Shahzad M. Carica papaya ameliorates thrombocytopenia through upregulation of Interleukin-11 and modulation of thrombopoietin in mouse model of carboplatin-induced myelosuppression. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4633-4641. [PMID: 35301648 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carica papaya L. (C. papaya) is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases throughout the world. Recently, papaya leaves decoction has been effectively used for the prevention and treatment of thrombocytopenia. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the thrombopoietic and immunomodulatory activities of C. papaya leaves in the mouse model of carboplatin induced myelosuppression. METHODS Myelosuppression was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of carboplatin (125 mg/kg b. w.). Aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves (15 mg/kg b. w.) was given orally by feeding tube from day 0-18 to preventive group to see the preventive effect and from day 6-18 to treatment group for treatment effect. RESULTS The results showed that the C. papaya leaves extract significantly decreased the fall in platelet count in preventive and treatment groups. Extract significantly prevented the fall in total WBCs count on day 12 and 18 in the preventive group, whereas it significantly elevated the WBCs count in treatment group on day 18. Significantly increased RBCs count in both groups was observed on day 18 after treatment with C. papaya leaves extract. Treatment with C. papaya leaves extract significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of thrombopoietic cytokine IL-11 in both preventive and treatment groups. It is also observed that restoration of normal platelet count might have been resulted owing to the synergistic effect of upregulated IL-11 which ultimately led to a significantly diminished TPO expression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves possesses significant preventive and curative properties against thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeen Irshad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arham Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hina Aslam
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Bischoff-Kont I, Primke T, Niebergall LS, Zech T, Fürst R. Ginger Constituent 6-Shogaol Inhibits Inflammation- and Angiogenesis-Related Cell Functions in Primary Human Endothelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:844767. [PMID: 35281937 PMCID: PMC8914105 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.844767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizomes from Zingiber officinale Roscoe are traditionally used for the treatment of a plethora of pathophysiological conditions such as diarrhea, nausea, or rheumatoid arthritis. While 6-gingerol is the pungent principle in fresh ginger, in dried rhizomes, 6-gingerol is dehydrated to 6-shogaol. 6-Shogaol has been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory actions more effectively than 6-gingerol due to the presence of an electrophilic Michael acceptor moiety. In vitro, 6-shogaol exhibits anti-inflammatory actions in a variety of cell types, including leukocytes. Our study focused on the effects of 6-shogaol on activated endothelial cells. We found that 6-shogaol significantly reduced the adhesion of leukocytes onto lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), resulting in a significantly reduced transmigration of THP-1 cells through an endothelial cell monolayer. Analyzing the mediators of endothelial cell–leukocyte interactions, we found that 30 µM of 6-shogaol blocked the LPS-triggered mRNA and protein expression of cell adhesion molecules. In concert with this, our study demonstrates that the LPS-induced nuclear factor κB (NFκB) promoter activity was significantly reduced upon treatment with 6-shogaol. Interestingly, the nuclear translocation of p65 was slightly decreased, and protein levels of the LPS receptor Toll-like receptor 4 remained unimpaired. Analyzing the impact of 6-shogaol on angiogenesis-related cell functions in vitro, we found that 6-shogaol attenuated the proliferation as well as the directed and undirected migration of HUVECs. Of note, 6-shogaol also strongly reduced the chemotactic migration of endothelial cells in the direction of a serum gradient. Moreover, 30 µM of 6-shogaol blocked the formation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial sprouts from HUVEC spheroids and from murine aortic rings. Importantly, this study shows for the first time that 6-shogaol exhibits a vascular-disruptive impact on angiogenic sprouts from murine aortae. Our study demonstrates that the main bioactive ingredient in dried ginger, 6-shogaol, exhibits beneficial characteristics as an inhibitor of inflammation- and angiogenesis-related processes in vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Bischoff-Kont
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Primke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lea S. Niebergall
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Zech
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Robert Fürst,
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29
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Lai W, Yang S, Lin X, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhou J, Fu C, Li R, Zhang Z. Zingiber officinale: A Systematic Review of Botany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Gut Microbiota-Related Gastrointestinal Benefits. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1007-1042. [PMID: 35729087 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a traditional edible medicinal herb with a wide range of uses and long cultivation history. Fresh ginger (Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma; Sheng Jiang in Chinese, SJ) and dried ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma; Gan Jiang in Chinese, GJ) are designated as two famous traditional Chinese herbal medicines, which are different in plant cultivation, appearances and functions, together with traditional applications. Previous researches mainly focused on the differences in chemical composition between them, but there was no systematical comparison on the similarity concerning research achievements of the two herbs. Meanwhile, ginger has traditionally been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, but so far, the possible interaction with human gut microbiota has hardly been considered. This review comprehensively presents similarities and differences between SJ and GJ retrospectively, particularly proposing them the significant differences in botany, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology, which can be used as evidence for clinical application of SJ and GJ. Furthermore, the pharmacology of gut microbiota-related gastrointestinal benefits has also been discussed in order to explore better ways to prevent and treat gastrointestinal disorders, which can be used as a reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - You Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Sichuan New Green Medicine Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Pengzhou 610081, P. R. China
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30
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Liu H, Yang H, Zhao T, Lin C, Li Y, Zhang X, Ye Y, Liao J. Combined Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses of Young, Mature, and Old Rhizome Tissues of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Front Genet 2021; 12:795201. [PMID: 34956334 PMCID: PMC8692858 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.795201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is known for its unique pungent taste and useability in traditional Chinese medicine. The main compounds in ginger rhizome can be classified as gingerols, diarylheptanoids, and volatile oils. The composition and concentrations of the bioactive compounds in ginger rhizome might vary according to the age of the rhizome. In this regard, the knowledge on the transcriptomic signatures and accumulation of metabolites in young (Y), mature (M), and old (O) ginger rhizomes is scarce. This study used HiSeq Illumina Sequencing and UPLC-MS/MS analyses to delineate how the expression of key genes changes in Y, M, and O ginger rhizome tissues and how it affects the accumulation of metabolites in key pathways. The transcriptome sequencing identified 238,157 genes of which 13,976, 11,243, and 24,498 were differentially expressed (DEGs) in Y vs. M, M vs. O, and Y vs. O, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and α-linoleic acid metabolism pathways. The metabolome profiling identified 661 metabolites of which 311, 386, and 296 metabolites were differentially accumulated in Y vs. M, Y vs. O, and M vs. O, respectively. These metabolites were also enriched in the pathways mentioned above. The DEGs and DAMs enrichment showed that the gingerol content is higher in Y rhizome, whereas the Y, M, and O tissues differ in linoleic and α-linoleic acid accumulation. Similarly, the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway is variably regulated in Y, M, and O rhizome tissues. Our results showed that ginger rhizome growth slows down (Y > M > O) probably due to changes in phytohormone signaling. Young ginger rhizome is the most transcriptionally and metabolically active tissue as compared to M and O. The transitioning from Y to M and O affects the gingerol, sugars, linoleic acid, and α-linoleic acid concentrations and related gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Yang
- College of Biological and Brewing Engineering, Taishan University, Taian, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canjia Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingping Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Heo KT, Park KW, Won J, Lee B, Jang JH, Ahn JO, Hwang BY, Hong YS. Construction of an Artificial Biosynthetic Pathway for Zingerone Production in Escherichia coli Using Benzalacetone Synthase from Piper methysticum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14620-14629. [PMID: 34812612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zingerone (vanillylacetone; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyl methyl ketone) is a key component responsible for the pungency of ginger (Zingiber officinale). In this study, it was confirmed that a type III polyketide synthase (PKS) gene (pmpks) from Piper methysticum exhibits feruloyl-CoA-preferred benzalacetone synthase (BAS) activity. Based on these results, we constructed an artificial biosynthetic pathway for zingerone production from supplemented ferulic acid with 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), PmPKS, and benzalacetone reductase (BAR). Furthermore, a de novo pathway for the production of zingerone was assembled using six heterologous genes, encoding tyrosine ammonia-lyase (optal), cinnamate-4-hydroxlase (sam5), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (com), 4CL (4cl2nt), BAS (pmpks), and BAR (rzs1), in Escherichia coli. Using the engineered l-tyrosine-overproducing E. coli ΔCOS4 strain as a host, a maximum yield of 24.03 ± 2.53 mg/L zingerone was achieved by complete de novo synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Taek Heo
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Won
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongsan Lee
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Oh Ahn
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Hong
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, CheongJu-si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Manjunathan T, Guru A, Arokiaraj J, Gopinath P. 6-Gingerol and Semisynthetic 6-Gingerdione Counteract Oxidative Stress Induced by ROS in Zebrafish. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100650. [PMID: 34599795 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
6-Gingerol (1) is one of the major components in ginger and developing new synthetic methodologies could bring semisynthetic analogs with improved therapeutic properties. Towards this, multigram scale isolation of 6-gingerol with excellent purity was optimized using a simple and robust extraction, followed by column purification. Synthesis of 6-gingerdione, 7 from 6-gingerol was then achieved through selective -OTBDMS protection, DMP oxidation and deprotection reaction sequence for the first time. Compounds 1, 7 and 8 (dehydrozingerone) exhibited excellent cell-free antioxidant properties in DPPH, ABTS, superoxide radical scavenging assay and H2 O2 assay at 10-50 μM concentrations. The hemolytic study suggests that up to 50 μM, all three compounds did not exhibit toxicity to human erythrocytes. When H2 O2 treated zebrafish larvae groups (96hpf) were exposed to compounds 1, 7 and 8, it increases the SOD (19, 19.1 and 18.7 U/mg protein), CAT (18.1, 16.5, and 15.8 μmol/mg levels and decreases the lipid peroxidation level (13, 15 and 18 nmol/mg protein), respectively. In vivo ROS levels and degree of cell death were studied using DCFDA and Acridine orange assays. Compounds 1, 7 and 8 decreases the ROS and cell death level significantly. Taken together, compounds 1, 7 and 8 exhibit excellent antioxidant properties, counteract H2 O2 induced oxidative stress, reduces cell death in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilvelan Manjunathan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arokiaraj
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pushparathinam Gopinath
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abd-Alla HI, Souguir D, Radwan MO. Genus Sophora: a comprehensive review on secondary chemical metabolites and their biological aspects from past achievements to future perspectives. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:903-986. [PMID: 34907492 PMCID: PMC8671057 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sophora is deemed as one of the most remarkable genera of Fabaceae, and the third largest family of flowering plants. The genus Sophora comprises approximately 52 species, 19 varieties, and 7 forms that are widely distributed in Asia and mildly in Africa. Sophora species are recognized to be substantial sources of broad spectrum biopertinent secondary metabolites namely flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, chromones, pterocarpans, coumarins, benzofuran derivatives, sterols, saponins (mainly triterpene glycosides), oligostilbenes, and mainly alkaloids. Meanwhile, extracts and isolated compounds from Sophora have been identified to possess several health-promising effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiplatelets, antipyretic, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and insecticidal activities. Herein, the present review aims to provide comprehensive details about the phytochemicals and biological effects of Sophora species. The review spotlighted on the promising phytonutrients extracted from Sophora and their plethora of bioactivities. The review also clarifies the remaining gaps and thus qualifies and supplies a platform for further investigations of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Dalila Souguir
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Université de Carthage, 10 Rue Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed O Radwan
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Huang P, Zhou P, Liang Y, Wu J, Wu G, Xu R, Dai Y, Guo Q, Lu H, Chen Q. Exploring the molecular targets and mechanisms of [10]-Gingerol for treating triple-negative breast cancer using bioinformatics approaches, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4680-4693. [PMID: 35116323 PMCID: PMC8798581 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive among breast cancer subtypes with the worst prognosis. Ginger is widely used in pharmaceuticals and as food. Its anticancer properties are known, but the mechanism is still unclear. [10]-Gingerol is one of the main phenolic compounds isolated from ginger. Studying the biological effects of [10]-Gingerol is of great significance to understand the efficacy of ginger. METHODS In this study, the therapeutic effects of [10]-Gingerol on TNBC cells were studied using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments, and the target and mechanism of action were explained. RESULTS A total of 48 targets of ginger for the treatment of TNBC were found. These targets might interfere with the growth of TNBC by participating in many pathways, such as endocrine resistance, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, estrogen signaling pathway, and cellular senescence. Prognostic analyses indicated that the JUN, FASN, ADRB2, ADRA2A, and PGR were the hub genes, while molecular docking predicted the stable binding of ADRB2 protein with drug compounds. Additionally, [10]-Gingerol could induce apoptosis by regulating the caspase activation. CONCLUSIONS [10]-Gingerol affects the growth of TNBC through multiple action targets and participating in multiple action pathways. ADRB2 and apoptosis pathways might be important target pathways for [10]-Gingerol in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Peijuan Zhou
- Department of Breast Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Liang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Wu
- Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guosong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital Baiyun Branch, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Qianjun Chen
- Department of Breast Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Xing X, Chun C, Xiong F, Rui-Hai L. Influence of Sargassum pallidum and the synergistic interaction mechanism of 6-gingerol and poricoic acid A on inhibiting ovalbumin glycation. Food Funct 2021; 12:9315-9326. [PMID: 34606550 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01886h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antiglycation capacity of Sargassum pallidum extract on ovalbumin (OVA) glycation, and the interaction mechanism of its active compounds, including 6-gingerol (6G) and poricoic acid A (PA). The results showed that Sargassum pallidum extract, PA and 6G had excellent suppression on the formation of fructosamine, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), acrylamide and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which was higher than aminoguanidine (AG). The combination of PA and 6G showed good synergistic effect on inhibiting the formation of AGEs. PA exhibited the strongest inhibition activity for protein glycation products, and the content of 5-HMF and acrylamide decreased from 277.44 and 10.60 μg mL-1 to 208.37 and 5.46 μg mL-1, respectively, at 30.08 × 10-5 M compared with the control group. 6G and PA quenched the fluorescence of OVA with a static mechanism, and enhanced the hydrophilic microenvironment of the tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) residues. The binding of 6G and PA with OVA was spontaneous and driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Molecular docking indicated that 6G and PA entered the hydrophobic cavity of OVA, and formed hydrogen bonds with Ser103, Leu101 and Thr 91. These findings suggested that Sargassum pallidum extract, PA and 6G have great potential as antiglycation inhibitors to treat diabetes complications in healthy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Xing
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chen Chun
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangzhou Institute of Modern Industrial Technology, Nansha, 511458, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fu Xiong
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangzhou Institute of Modern Industrial Technology, Nansha, 511458, China
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liu Rui-Hai
- Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Wang D, Zhou F, Lai D, Zhang Y, Hu J, Lin S. Curcumin-mediated sono/photodynamic treatment preserved the quality of shrimp surimi and influenced its microbial community changes during refrigerated storage. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105715. [PMID: 34391163 PMCID: PMC8374498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp surimi is widely acknowledged as a value-added shrimp product due to its delicious taste, rich flavor, and nutrition. However, the refrigerated shrimp surimi is prone to deterioration due to rapid microbial growth during storage. The present study sought to assess the effects of curcumin-mediated sono/photodynamic treatment on bacterial spoilage and shrimp surimi quality stored at 4 °C. The total viable count (TVC), microbiota composition, and quality parameters, including the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs), and pH were investigated. The results showed that the spoilage bacteria in shrimp surimi rapidly increased with a surge on day 2 during refrigeration storage. The Psychrobacter and Brochothrix were identified as the Specific Spoilage Organisms (SSOs), which were also positively correlated with TVB-N and TBARs. The results further elucidated that the sono/photodynamic treatment could significantly inhibit the growth of SSOs on the surface and interior of shrimp surimi and delay shrimp surimi quality deterioration. In conclusion, the sono/photodynamic treatment as a non-thermal sterilization method could be a reliable and potential method for inactivating spoilage microorganisms and preserving shrimp surimi quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Danning Lai
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiamiao Hu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Shaoling Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Xiamen 361100, Fujian, China.
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Nur’aini AL, Hartati S, Untari T. In ovo inhibition of avian pox virus replication by mangosteen rind and red ginger ethanolic extracts. Vet World 2021; 14:2640-2645. [PMID: 34903920 PMCID: PMC8654773 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2640-2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Avian pox is a contagious disease caused by the avian pox virus (APV). Mangostin and γ-mangostin in mangosteen rind (MR) and gingerol in red ginger (RG) exhibit antiviral activity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of MR and RG ethanolic extracts on APV based on pock lesions on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of specific pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three APVs from chicken isolates (C1, C2, and C3), one APV from a pigeon isolate (P), 1.5% and 3% MR ethanolic extract, 5% and 10% RG ethanolic extract, and a combination of 1.5% MR and 5% RG at 0.1 mL/egg were inoculated in ovo (7th day incubation, chorioallantoic route) in SPF ECEs. A control group inoculated in ovo with APV alone was also established. Each treatment consisted of three replicates. Parameters including embryo survival, CAM lesions, and average number of pock lesions were determined. RESULTS In ovo inoculation of MR and RG ethanolic extracts was not harmful to the ECEs and did not induce CAM lesions. The average number of pock lesions in the control group (C1, C2, C3, and P) was 35, 14, 10, and 17, respectively, whereas in all treatment groups, the number was 0, except in the 5% RG group of C1, which had a value of 10. CONCLUSION In ovo inoculation of 1.5% and 3% MR, 5% and 10% RG, and the combination of 1.5% MR plus 5% RG ethanolic extracts at 0.1 mL/egg inhibit APV by reducing the number of pock lesions on the CAM of the ECE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annisaa’ Lu’lu Nur’aini
- Postgraduate Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Hartati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Untari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Koyama S, Kondo K, Ueha R, Kashiwadani H, Heinbockel T. Possible Use of Phytochemicals for Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8912. [PMID: 34445619 PMCID: PMC8396277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, is the loss of chemical senses, i.e., smell and taste. Smell training is one of the methods used in facilitating recovery of the olfactory sense, and it uses essential oils of lemon, rose, clove, and eucalyptus. These essential oils were not selected based on their chemical constituents. Although scientific studies have shown that they improve recovery, there may be better combinations for facilitating recovery. Many phytochemicals have bioactive properties with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. In this review, we describe the chemical compounds with anti- inflammatory and anti-viral effects, and we list the plants that contain these chemical compounds. We expand the review from terpenes to the less volatile flavonoids in order to propose a combination of essential oils and diets that can be used to develop a new taste training method, as there has been no taste training so far. Finally, we discuss the possible use of these in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Koyama
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kenji Kondo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Rumi Ueha
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
- Swallowing Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Calabria D, Guardigli M, Severi P, Trozzi I, Pace A, Cinti S, Zangheri M, Mirasoli M. A Smartphone-Based Chemosensor to Evaluate Antioxidants in Agri-Food Matrices by In Situ AuNP Formation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:5432. [PMID: 34450874 PMCID: PMC8401892 DOI: 10.3390/s21165432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a continuously growing interest in antioxidants by both customers and food industry. The beneficial health effects of antioxidants led to their widespread use in fortified functional foods, as dietary supplements and as preservatives. A variety of analytical methods are available to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of food extracts and beverages. However, most of them are expensive, time-consuming, and require laboratory instrumentation. Therefore, simple, cheap, and fast portable sensors for point-of-need measurement of antioxidants in food samples are needed. Here, we describe a smartphone-based chemosensor for on-site assessment of TAC of aqueous matrices, relying on the antioxidant-induced formation of gold nanoparticles. The reaction takes place in ready-to-use analytical cartridges containing an hydrogel reaction medium preloaded with Au(III) and is monitored by using the smartphone's CMOS camera. An analytical device including an LED-based lighting system was developed to ensure uniform and reproducible illumination of the analytical cartridge. The chemosensor permitted rapid TAC measurements of aqueous samples, including teas, herbal infusions, beverages, and extra virgin olive oil extracts, providing results that correlated with those of the reference methods for TAC assessment, e.g., oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Calabria
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimo Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Sant’Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Aerospace Research (CIRI Aerospace), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Baldassarre Canaccini 12, I-47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Paolo Severi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ilaria Trozzi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Andrea Pace
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy;
- BAT Center−Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, I-80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Martina Zangheri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agrofood Research (CIRI Agrofood), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, I-47521 Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Advanced Mechanical Engineering Applications and Materials Technology (CIRI MAM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mara Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.); (P.S.); (I.T.); (A.P.); (M.Z.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Sant’Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Aerospace Research (CIRI Aerospace), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Baldassarre Canaccini 12, I-47121 Forlì, Italy
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Honeybee and Plant Products as Natural Antimicrobials in Enhancement of Poultry Health and Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13158467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The quality and safety attributes of poultry products have attracted increasing widespread attention and interest from scholarly groups and the general population. As natural and safe alternatives to synthetic and artificial chemical drugs (e.g., antibiotics), botanical products are recently being used in poultry farms more than 60% of the time for producing organic products. Medicinal plants, and honeybee products, are natural substances, and they were added to poultry diets in a small amount (between 1% and 3%) as a source of nutrition and to provide health benefits for poultry. In addition, they have several biological functions in the poultry body and may help to enhance their welfare. These supplements can increase the bodyweight of broilers and the egg production of laying hens by approximately 7% and 10% and enhance meat and egg quality by more than 25%. Moreover, they can improve rooster semen quality by an average of 20%. Previous research on the main biological activities performed by biotics has shown that most research only concentrated on the notion of using botanical products as growth promoters, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agents. In the current review, the critical effects and functions of bee products and botanicals are explored as natural and safe alternative feed additives in poultry production, such as antioxidants, sexual-stimulants, immuno-stimulants, and for producing healthy products.
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Dimmito MP, Stefanucci A, Della Valle A, Scioli G, Cichelli A, Mollica A. An overview on plants cannabinoids endorsed with cardiovascular effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111963. [PMID: 34332376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major causes for the reduction of the quality of life. The endocannabinoid system is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders due to its involvement in vasomotor control, cardiac contractility, blood pressure and vascular inflammation. Alteration in cannabinoid signalling can be often related to cardiotoxicity, circulatory shock, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Plants have been the major sources of medicines until modern eras in which researchers are experiencing a rediscovery of natural compounds as novel therapeutics. One of the most versatile plant is Cannabis sativa L., containing phytocannabinoids that may play a role in the treatment of CVDs. The aim of this review is to collect and investigate several less studied plants rich in cannabinoid-like active compounds able to interact with cannabinoid system; these plants may play a pivotal role in the treatment of disorders related to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilisa Pia Dimmito
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alice Della Valle
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scioli
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Cichelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Tagde P, Tagde P, Tagde S, Bhattacharya T, Garg V, Akter R, Rahman MH, Najda A, Albadrani GM, Sayed AA, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Altyar AE, Kaushik D, Abdel-Daim MM. Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of glioblastoma multiforme. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111928. [PMID: 34323701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most deadly malignant tumors, with more than 10,000 cases recorded annually in the United States. Various clinical analyses and studies show that certain chronic diseases, including cancer, interact between cell-reactive radicals rise and pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen and nitrogenous sources include endogenous (physiological processes), and exogenous sources contain reactive oxygen and nitrogen (xenobiotic interaction). The cellular oxidation/reduction shifts to oxidative stress when the regulation mechanisms of antioxidants are surpassed, and this raises the ability to damage cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. OBJECTIVE: This review is focused on how phytochemicals play crucial role against glioblastoma multiforme and to combat these, bioactive molecules and their derivatives are either used alone, in combination with anticancer drugs or as nanomedicine formulations for better cancer theranostics over the conventional approach. CONCLUSION: Bioactive molecules found in seeds, vegetables, and fruits have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties that may help cancer survivors feel better throughout chemotherapy or treatment. However, incorporating them into the nanocarrier-based drug delivery for the treatment of GBMs, which could be a promising therapeutic strategy for this tumor entity, increasing targeting effectiveness, increasing bioavailability, and reducing side effects with this target-specificity, drug internalization into cells is significantly improved, and off-target organ aggregation is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India.
| | - Pooja Tagde
- Practice of Medicine Department, Govt. Homeopathy College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Tagde
- PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China; Department of Science & Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Vishal Garg
- Jaipur School of Pharmacy, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Antioxidant Effect of Wheat Germ Extracts and Their Antilipidemic Effect in Palmitic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 Cells. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051061. [PMID: 34065831 PMCID: PMC8151358 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat germ (WG) is a by-product of wheat milling and comprises many bioactive compounds. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant and antilipidemic effects of different WG extracts (WGEs) by analyzing candidate bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, tocopherols, γ-oryzanol, and biogenic amines by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The antilipidemic effect was evaluated in palmitic acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 hepatocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cellular lipid accumulation was assessed by Oil Red O staining and a cellular triglyceride content assay. All analyzed WGEs showed significant antioxidant potential, although some bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol, were the highest in the ethanol extract. Correlation analysis revealed the antioxidant potential of all identified biogenic amines except for spermidine. Ethanol and n-hexane extracts significantly inhibited cellular lipid accumulation in cell models. These results suggest that WGEs exhibit promising antioxidant potential, with a variety of bioactive compounds. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that bioactive compounds in WGEs attenuate plasma lipid and oxidation levels. In conclusion, WG can be used as a natural antioxidant and nutraceutical using appropriate solvents and extraction methods.
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44
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Ni ZJ, Wang X, Shen Y, Thakur K, Han J, Zhang JG, Hu F, Wei ZJ. Recent updates on the chemistry, bioactivities, mode of action, and industrial applications of plant essential oils. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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45
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Li T, Pan DB, Pang QQ, Zhou M, Yao XJ, Yao XS, Li HB, Yu Y. Diarylheptanoid analogues from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale and their anti-tumour activity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29376-29384. [PMID: 35479564 PMCID: PMC9040573 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03592d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarylheptanoid analogues from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale and their anti-tumour activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Da-bo Pan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiandongnan Vocational & Technical College for Nationalities, Kaili, Guizhou 556000, P. R. China
| | - Qian-qian Pang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-sheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hai-bo Li
- Kanion Pharamaceutical Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharamaceutical Process, Lianyungang 222001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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