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Wang W, Wang Z, Meng Z, Jiang S, Liu Z, Zhu HY, Li XD, Zhang JT, Li W. Platycodin D Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Myocardial Injury by Activating the AMPK Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10339-10354. [PMID: 38682702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacological intervention with Platycodin D (PD), a critically active compound isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum, in mitigating cardiotoxicity in a murine model of type 2 diabetes-induced cardiac injury and in H9c2 cells in vitro. Following oral administration for 4 weeks, PD (2.5 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the elevation of fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, improved dyslipidemia, and effectively inhibited the rise of the cardiac injury markers creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). PD treatment could ameliorate energy metabolism disorders induced by impaired glucose uptake by activating AMPK protein expression in the DCM mouse model, thereby promoting the GLUT4 transporter and further activating autophagy-related proteins. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PD exerted a concentration-dependent increase in cell viability while also inhibiting palmitic acid and glucose (HG-PA)-stimulated H9c2 cytotoxicity and activating AMPK protein expression. Notably, the AMPK activator AICAR (1 mM) was observed to upregulate the expression of AMPK in H9c2 cells after high-glucose and -fat exposure. Meanwhile, we used AMPK inhibitor Compound C (20 μM) to investigate the effect of PD activation of AMPK on cells. In addition, the molecular docking approach was employed to dock PD with AMPK, revealing a binding energy of -8.2 kcal/mol and indicating a tight interaction between the components and the target. PD could reduce the expression of autophagy-related protein p62, reduce the accumulation of autophagy products, promote the flow of autophagy, and improve myocardial cell injury. In conclusion, it has been demonstrated that PD effectively inhibits cardiac injury-induced type 2 diabetes in mice and enhances energy metabolism in HG-PA-stimulated H9c2 cells by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. These findings collectively unveil the potential cardioprotective effects of PD via modulation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 130021, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xin-Dian Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Tian Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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2
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Radzioch E, Dąbek B, Balcerczyk-Lis M, Frąk W, Fularski P, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-From Basics through Diagnosis to Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:765. [PMID: 38672121 PMCID: PMC11048005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the development of myocardial dysfunction in patients with diabetes despite the absence of comorbidities such as hypertension, atherosclerosis or valvular defect. The cardiovascular complications of poorly controlled diabetes are very well illustrated by the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), which showed a clear association between increasing levels of glycated hemoglobin and the development of heart failure (HF). The incidence of HF in patients with diabetes is projected to increase significantly, which is why its proper diagnosis and treatment is so important. Providing appropriate therapy focusing on antidiabetic and hypolipemic treatment with the consideration of pharmacotherapy for heart failure reduces the risk of CMD and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular complications. Health-promoting changes made by patients such as a low-carbohydrate diet, regular exercise and weight reduction also appear to be important in achieving appropriate outcomes. New hope for the development of therapies for DCM is offered by novel methods using stem cells and miRNA, which, however, require more thorough research to confirm their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Radzioch
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Dąbek
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Balcerczyk-Lis
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Frąk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Fularski
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Kuzan A, Pietkiewicz J, Krzystek-Korpacka M, Gamian A. Effect of advanced glycation end-products in a wide range of medical problems including COVID-19. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:36-50. [PMID: 38335908 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a physiological process that determines the aging of the organism, while in states of metabolic disorders it is significantly intensified. High concentrations of compounds such as reducing sugars or reactive aldehydes derived from lipid oxidation, occurring for example in diabetes, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, obesity or metabolic syndrome, lead to increased glycation of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. The level of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the body depends on rapidity of their production and the rate of their removal by the urinary system. AGEs, accumulated in the extracellular matrix of the blood vessels and other organs, cause irreversible changes in the biochemical and biomechanical properties of tissues. As a consequence, micro- and macroangiopathies appear in the system, and may contribute to the organ failure, like kidneys and heart. Elevated levels of AGEs also increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and various cancers. In this paper, we propose a new classification due to modified amino acid residues: arginyl-AGEs, monolysyl-AGEs and lysyl-arginyl-AGEs and dilysyl-AGEs. Furthermore, we describe in detail the effect of AGEs on the pathogenesis of metabolic and old age diseases, such as diabetic complications, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. We summarize the currently available data on the diagnostic value of AGEs and present the AGEs as a therapeutic goal in a wide range of medical problems, including SARS-CoV-2 infection and so-called long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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4
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Gao S, Dong Y, Yan C, Yu T, Cao H. The role of exosomes and exosomal microRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1327495. [PMID: 38283742 PMCID: PMC10811149 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1327495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a formidable cardiovascular complication linked to diabetes, is witnessing a relentless surge in its incidence. Despite extensive research efforts, the primary pathogenic mechanisms underlying this condition remain elusive. Consequently, a critical research imperative lies in identifying a sensitive and dependable marker for early diagnosis and treatment, thereby mitigating the onset and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Exosomes (EXOs), minute vesicles enclosed within bilayer lipid membranes, have emerged as a fascinating frontier in this quest, capable of transporting a diverse cargo that mirrors the physiological and pathological states of their parent cells. These exosomes play an active role in the intercellular communication network of the cardiovascular system. Within the realm of exosomes, MicroRNA (miRNA) stands as a pivotal molecular player, revealing its profound influence on the progression of DCM. This comprehensive review aims to offer an introductory exploration of exosome structure and function, followed by a detailed examination of the intricate role played by exosome-associated miRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our ultimate objective is to bolster our comprehension of DCM diagnosis and treatment strategies, thereby facilitating timely intervention and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongbo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Sun Y, Mehmood A, Giampieri F, Battino MA, Chen X. Insights into the cellular, molecular, and epigenetic targets of gamma-aminobutyric acid against diabetes: a comprehensive review on its mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37694998 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2255666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease due to impaired or defective insulin secretion and is considered one of the most serious chronic diseases worldwide. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a naturally occurring non-protein amino acid commonly present in a wide range of foods. A number of studies documented that GABA has good anti-diabetic potential. This review summarized the available dietary sources of GABA as well as animal and human studies on the anti-diabetic properties of GABA, while also discussing the underlying mechanisms. GABA may modulate diabetes through various pathways such as inhibiting the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, promoting β-cell proliferation, stimulating insulin secretion from β-cells, inhibiting glucagon secretion from α-cells, improving insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, and increasing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, further mechanistic studies on animals and human are needed to confirm the therapeutic effects of GABA against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Maurizio Antonio Battino
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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6
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Chen Z, Zheng L, Chen G. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis in Diabetic Mice Via the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:647-654. [PMID: 35305183 PMCID: PMC10397148 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM) is the cause of late cardiac dysfunction in diabetic patients. Myocardial fibrosis is the main pathological mechanism, and it is associated with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) expression up-regulation. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous cannabinoid that can effectively improve myocardial cell energy metabolism and cardiac function. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 2-AG on diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were injected with 2-AG intraperitoneally for 4 weeks (10 micro g/kg/day) after 12 weeks of diabetic modeling. After 4 weeks, heart function was evaluated by echocardiography. Heart structure was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cardiac fibrosis was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, Sirius red stain, and western blot. RESULTS After modeling in diabetic mice, cardiac ultrasonography showed decreased cardiac function and pathological findings showed myocardial fibrosis. 2-AG could effectively inhibit the up-regulation of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3, reduce myocardial fibrosis, and ultimately improve cardiac function in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION 2-AG reduces cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and is a potential pathway for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016 Hangzhou China
| | - Liangyu Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016 Hangzhou China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016 Hangzhou China
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7
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Alaa H, Abdelaziz M, Mustafa M, Mansour M, Magdy S, Mohsen S, El-Karamany Y, Farid A. Therapeutic effect of melatonin-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles on hyperglycemia and pancreatic beta cells regeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10617. [PMID: 37391460 PMCID: PMC10313733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is used to overcome fundamental flaws in today's marketed pharmaceuticals that obstruct therapy, like restricted solubility and quick release of drugs into the bloodstream. In both human and animal researches, melatonin was demonstrated to regulate glucose levels. Despite the fact that melatonin is quickly transported through the mucosa, its sensitivity to be oxidized creates a difficulty in achieving the required dose. Additionally, due to its variable absorption and poor oral bioavailability necessitates the development of alternative delivery methods. The study aimed to synthesize melatonin loaded chitosan/lecithin (Mel-C/L) nanoparticles to be assessed in the treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties of nanoparticles were estimated to determine the safety of manufactured nanoparticles for in vivo studies. In addition, Mel-C/L nanoparticles were administered to rats for eight weeks after inducing hyperglycemia. The therapeutic effect of Mel-C/L nanoparticles was assessed in all experimental groups by detecting insulin and blood glucose levels; observing improvements in liver and kidney functions as well as histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of rats' pancreatic sections. The results proved that Mel-C/L nanoparticles showed remarkable anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, and anti-oxidant effects, in addition to its efficiency in reducing blood glucose levels of STZ-induced diabetic rats and great ability to promote the regeneration of pancreatic beta (β)-cells. Furthermore, Mel-C/L nanoparticles elevated the insulin level; and decreased the elevated levels of urea, creatinine and cholesterol. In conclusion, nanoparticles application decreased the administrated melatonin dose that in turn can diminish the side effects of free melatonin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Alaa
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mariam Abdelaziz
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Mustafa
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Mansour
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma Magdy
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma Mohsen
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yomna El-Karamany
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Immunology Division, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Guttapadu R, Korla K, Uk S, Annam V, Ashok P, Chandra N. Identification of Probucol as a candidate for combination therapy with Metformin for Type 2 diabetes. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:18. [PMID: 37221264 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is often managed with metformin as the drug of choice. While it is effective overall, many patients progress to exhibit complications. Strategic drug combinations to tackle this problem would be useful. We constructed a genome-wide protein-protein interaction network capturing a global perspective of perturbations in diabetes by integrating T2D subjects' transcriptomic data. We computed a 'frequently perturbed subnetwork' in T2D that captures common perturbations across tissue types and mapped the possible effects of Metformin onto it. We then identified a set of remaining T2D perturbations and potential drug targets among them, related to oxidative stress and hypercholesterolemia. We then identified Probucol as the potential co-drug for adjunct therapy with Metformin and evaluated the efficacy of the combination in a rat model of diabetes. We find Metformin-Probucol at 5:0.5 mg/kg effective in restoring near-normal serum glucose, lipid, and cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjitha Guttapadu
- IISc Mathematics Initiative, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Kalyani Korla
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Safnaz Uk
- Department of Pharmacology, K.L.E. University's College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560010, India
| | - Vamseedhar Annam
- Department of Pathology, Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560074, India
| | - Purnima Ashok
- Department of Pharmacology, K.L.E. University's College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560010, India
| | - Nagasuma Chandra
- IISc Mathematics Initiative, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India.
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India.
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9
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Elmahallawy EK, Alsharif KF, Alblihd MA, Hamad AA, Nasreldin N, Alsanie W, Aljoudi AM, Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer OM, Albarakati AJA, Lokman MS, Albrakati A, Ali FAZ. Melatonin ameliorates serobiochemical alterations and restores the cardio-nephro diabetic vascular and cellular alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1089733. [PMID: 37065258 PMCID: PMC10102477 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1089733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic properties. Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces several physiopathological changes in body organs, which could be observed lately after systemic failure. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the serobiochemical changes and the histopathological picture in the diabetic heart and the kidney early before chronic complications and highlight the association between hyperglycemia, glomerular alterations, and cardiovascular changes. In addition, the role of melatonin in the treatment of cardio-nephro diabetic vascular and cellular adverse changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was also studied. A total of 40 mature Wistar albino rats were distributed into five groups; (1) control untreated rats, (2) diabetic mellitus untreated (DM) rats, in which DM was induced by the injection of streptozotocin (STZ), (3) control melatonin-treated (MLT), (4) melatonin-treated diabetic (DM + MLT) rats, in which melatonin was injected (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 4 weeks, and (5) insulin-treated diabetic (DM + INS) rats. The serum biochemical analysis of diabetic STZ rats showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the concentrations of blood glucose, total oxidative capacity (TOC), CK-MB, endothelin-1, myoglobin, H-FABP, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine as compared to control rats. In contrast, there was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum concentration of insulin, total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total nitric oxide (TNO), and total protein level in DM rats vs. the control rats. Significant improvement in the serobiochemical parameters was noticed in both (DM + MLT) and (DM + INS) groups as compared with (DM) rats. The histological examination of the DM group revealed a disorder of myofibers, cardiomyocyte nuclei, and an increase in connective tissue deposits in between cardiac tissues. Severe congestion and dilation of blood capillaries between cardiac muscle fibers were also observed. The nephropathic changes in DM rats revealed various deteriorations in glomeruli and renal tubular cells of the same group. In addition, vascular alterations in the arcuate artery at the corticomedullary junction and interstitial congestion take place. Melatonin administration repaired all these histopathological alterations to near-control levels. The study concluded that melatonin could be an effective therapeutic molecule for restoring serobiochemical and tissue histopathological alterations during diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Khalaf F. Alsharif
| | - Mohamed A. Alblihd
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa A. Hamad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nani Nasreldin
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, El-Kharga, Egypt
| | - Walaa Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha S. Lokman
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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10
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Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Zhou NQ, Song YT, Liu WZ, Yue RZ, Tian XQ, Yang SC, Yin YL, Li P. Diagnostic ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation dose-dependently improves diabetic cardiomyopathy through angiogenesis. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:178-187. [PMID: 36183368 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation (UMMC) induces therapeutic angiogenesis to treat ischemic diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether diagnostic UMMC alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and, if so, through which mechanisms. DCM model was established by injecting streptozocin into rats to induce hyperglycemia, followed by a high-fat diet. The combined therapy of cation microbubble with low-intensity diagnostic ultrasound (frequency = 4 MHz), with a pulse frequency of 20 Hz and pulse length (PL) of 8, 18, 26, or 36 cycles, was given to rats twice a week for 8 consecutive weeks. Diagnostic UMMC therapy with PL at 8, 18, and 26 cycles, but not 36 cycles, dramatically prevented myocardial fibrosis, improved heart functions, and increased angiogenesis, accompanied by increased levels of PI3K, Akt, and eNOS proteins in the DCM model of rats. In cultured endothelial cells, low-intensity UMMC treatment (PL = 3 cycles, sound pressure level = 50%, mechanical index = 0.82) increased cell viability and activated PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling. The combination of diagnostic ultrasound with microbubble destruction dose-dependently promoted angiogenesis, thus improving heart function through PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling in diabetes. Accordingly, diagnostic UMMC therapy should be considered to protect the heart in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Qian Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Ting Song
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang, Henan, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Rui-Zhu Yue
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Qiao Tian
- Department of Ultrasonography, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shi-Chang Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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12
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Yang K, Cao F, Wang W, Tian Z, Yang L. The relationship between HMGB1 and autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1141516. [PMID: 37065747 PMCID: PMC10090453 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1141516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and has become the third leading threat to human health after cancer and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is closely associated with diabetes. Under normal physiological conditions, autophagy promotes cellular homeostasis, reduces damage to healthy tissues and has bidirectional effects on regulating diabetes. However, under pathological conditions, unregulated autophagy activation leads to cell death and may contribute to the progression of diabetes. Therefore, restoring normal autophagy may be a key strategy to treat diabetes. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a chromatin protein that is mainly present in the nucleus and can be actively secreted or passively released from necrotic, apoptotic, and inflammatory cells. HMGB1 can induce autophagy by activating various pathways. Studies have shown that HMGB1 plays an important role in insulin resistance and diabetes. In this review, we will introduce the biological and structural characteristics of HMGB1 and summarize the existing knowledge on the relationship between HMGB1, autophagy, diabetes, and diabetic complications. We will also summarize potential therapeutic strategies that may be useful for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Cao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Acupuncture, Haidian District Shuangyushu Community Health Service Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Yang, ; Zhenyu Tian,
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lu Yang, ; Zhenyu Tian,
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Syringic Acid Ameliorates Cardiac, Hepatic, Renal and Neuronal Damage Induced by Chronic Hyperglycaemia in Wistar Rats: A Behavioural, Biochemical and Histological Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196722. [PMID: 36235257 PMCID: PMC9573038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of syringic acid (SA) on renal, cardiac, hepatic, and neuronal diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced neonatal (nSTZ) diabetic rats. STZ (110 mg/kg i.p) was injected into Wistar rat neonates as a split dose (second and third postnatal day). Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in adults by measuring fasting blood glucose levels, urine volume, and food and water intake. The treatment of SA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg p.o) was given from the 8th to 18th postnatal week. To assess the development of diabetic complications and the effect of therapy, biochemical indicators in serum and behavioural parameters were recorded at specific intervals during the study period. SA (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg p.o) treatment reduced hyperglycaemia, polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, relative organ weight, cardiac hypertrophic indices, inflammatory markers, cell injury markers, glycated haemoglobin, histopathological score, and oxidative stress, and increased Na/K ATPase activity. These findings suggest that SA might significantly alleviate diabetic complications and/or renal, neuronal, cardiac, and hepatic damage in nSTZ diabetic rats.
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Alhajri N, Rustom M, Adegbile A, Ahmed W, Kilidar S, Afify N. Deciphering the Basis of Molecular Biology of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases: A View on Network Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911421. [PMID: 36232723 PMCID: PMC9569471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death across the world. For decades, researchers have been studying the causes of cardiovascular disease, yet many of them remain undiscovered or poorly understood. Network medicine is a recently expanding, integrative field that attempts to elucidate this issue by conceiving of disease as the result of disruptive links between multiple interconnected biological components. Still in its nascent stages, this revolutionary application of network science facilitated a number of important discoveries in complex disease mechanisms. As methodologies become more advanced, network medicine harbors the potential to expound on the molecular and genetic complexities of disease to differentiate how these intricacies govern disease manifestations, prognosis, and therapy. This is of paramount importance for confronting the incredible challenges of current and future cardiovascular disease research. In this review, we summarize the principal molecular and genetic mechanisms of common cardiac pathophysiologies as well as discuss the existing knowledge on therapeutic strategies to prevent, halt, or reverse these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Alhajri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112412, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Rustom
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adedayo Adegbile
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Weshah Ahmed
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salsabeel Kilidar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City SSMC, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nariman Afify
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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Alfuhied A, Gulsin GS, Athithan L, Brady EM, Parke K, Henson J, Redman E, Marsh AM, Yates T, Davies MJ, McCann GP, Singh A. The impact of lifestyle intervention on left atrial function in type 2 diabetes: results from the DIASTOLIC study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 38:2013-2023. [PMID: 35233724 PMCID: PMC10247829 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-022-02578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training and low energy diets have been shown to improve left ventricular remodelling and diastolic function in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), albeit with differential effects. The impact of these lifestyle interventions on left atrial (LA) function, however, has not previously been reported. The DIASTOLIC study was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blind endpoint trial, in which 90 people with obesity and T2D and no prevalent cardiovascular disease were randomised to a 12-week intervention of: (i) routine care, (ii) aerobic exercise training, or (iii) low energy (≈ 810 kcal/day) meal replacement plan (MRP). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging was performed pre- and post-intervention. Image analysis included LA volumes (LAV), emptying fraction (LAEF), and LA strain (LAS) corresponding to LA reservoir (LAS-r), conduit (LAS-cd), and booster pump (LAS-bp) function. 73 participants with T2D (mean age 50 ± 6 years, 62% male, body mass index (BMI) 36.1 ± 5.3 kg/m2) completed the trial and had analysable LA images. There was no significant change in CMR measured LA volumetric function (LAV/LAEF) in any group. The routine care group showed no significant change in BMI or LAS. In the MRP group, there were significant reductions in BMI (4.5 kg/m2) and a significant increase in LAS-r and LAS-bp (29.9 ± 7.0 to 32.3 ± 7.0%, p = 0.036 and 14.6 ± 5.3 to 17.2 ± 3.7%, p = 0.034). The exercise group showed a small reduction in BMI (0.49 kg/m2), with no significant change in LAS. Compared to routine care, weight loss via a 12-week MRP, led to improvements in LA filling and contractile function in adults with T2D and obesity. However, these within-group changes were not statistically significant on between-group comparison. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02590822.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Alfuhied
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav S. Gulsin
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Lavanya Athithan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Emer M. Brady
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Kelly Parke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Joseph Henson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Emma Redman
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna-Marie Marsh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Melanie J. Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Gerry P. McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
| | - Anvesha Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP UK
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16
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Tao S, Yang D, Zhang L, Yu L, Wang Z, Li L, Zhang J, Yao R, Huang L, Shao M. Knowledge domain and emerging trends in diabetic cardiomyopathy: A scientometric review based on CiteSpace analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:891428. [PMID: 36093165 PMCID: PMC9452758 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.891428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To review the literature related to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and investigate research hotspots and development trends of this field in the relevant studies based on CiteSpace software of text mining and visualization in scientific literature. Methods The relevant literature from the last 20 years was retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. After manual selection, each document record includes title, authors, year, organization, abstract, keywords, citation, descriptors, and identifiers. We imported the downloaded data into CiteSpace V (version 5.8.R2) to draw the knowledge map and conduct cooperative network analysis, cluster analysis, burst keyword analysis, and co-citation analysis. Results After manual screening, there were 3,547 relevant pieces of literature published in the last 18 years (from 2004 to 2021), including 2,935 articles and reviews, which contained 15,533 references, and the number was increasing year by year. The publications of DCM were dedicated by 778 authors of 512 institutions in 116 countries. The People's Republic of China dominated this field (1,117), followed by the USA (768) and Canada (176). In general, most articles were published with a focus on “oxidative stress,” “heart failure,” “diabetic cardiomyopathy,” “dysfunction,” “cardiomyopathy,” “expression,” “heart,” “mechanism,” and “insulin resistance.” Then, 10 main clusters were generated with a modularity Q of 0.6442 and a weighted mean silhouette of 0.8325 by the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) algorithm, including #0 heart failure, #1 perfused heart, #2 metabolic disease, #3 protective effect, #4 diabetic patient, #5 cardiac fibrosis, #6 vascular complication, #7 mitochondrial dynamics, #8 sarcoplasmic reticulum, and #9 zinc supplementation. The top five references with the strongest citation bursts include “Boudina and Abel”, “Jia et al.”, “Fang et al.”, “Poornima et al.”, and “Aneja et al.”. Conclusion The global field of DCM has expanded in the last 20 years. The People's Republic of China contributes the most. However, there is little cooperation among authors and institutions. Overall, this bibliometric study identified the hotspots in DCM research, including “stress state,” “energy metabolism,” “autophagy,” “apoptosis,” “inflammation,” “fibrosis,” “PPAR,” etc. Thus, further research focuses on these topics that may be more helpful to identify, prevent DCM and improve prophylaxis strategies to bring benefit to patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Tao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Deshuang Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lanxin Zhang
- Oncology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lintong Yu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Yao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjing Shao
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingjing Shao
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Saini VM, Liu KR, Surve AS, Gupta S, Gupta A. MicroRNAs as biomarkers for monitoring cardiovascular changes in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and exercise. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1819-1832. [PMID: 35818628 PMCID: PMC9261151 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be altered in both CVD and T2DM and can have an application as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. miRNAs are released into circulation when the cardiomyocyte is subjected to injury and damage. Objectives Measuring circulating miRNA levels in human plasma may be of great potential use for measuring the extent of damage to cardiomyocytes and response to exercise. This review is aimed to highlight the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers of CVD progression in T2DM, and the impact of exercise on recovery. Methods The review aims to examine whether the health improvements following exercise in T2DM patients are reflective of changes in expression of plasma miRNAs. For this purpose, studies were identified from the literature that have established a correlation between diabetes, disease progression and plasma miRNA levels. We also reviewed studies which looked at the effect of exercise on plasma miRNA levels. Results The review identified miRNA signatures that are affected by T2DM and DHD and a subset of these miRNAs that are also affected by different types of exercise. This approach helped us to identify those miRNAs whose expression and function can be altered by regular bouts of exercise. Conclusions miRNAs identified as part of this review can serve as tools to monitor the cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of exercise in people suffering from T2DM. Future research should focus on regulation of these miRNAs in T2DM and how they can be altered by appropriate exercise interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01066-4.
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Cassano V, Miceli S, Armentaro G, Mannino GC, Fiorentino VT, Perticone M, Succurro E, Hribal ML, Andreozzi F, Perticone F, Sesti G, Sciacqua A. Oxidative Stress and Left Ventricular Performance in Patients with Different Glycometabolic Phenotypes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061299. [PMID: 35334956 PMCID: PMC8950717 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible correlation between oxidative stress and subclinical myocardial damage, assessed with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), in normal glucose tolerance (NGT) patients with one-hour plasma glucose values ≥ 155 mg/dL (NGT ≥ 155), comparing them to NGT < 155 subjects, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) newly diagnosed patients. We enrolled 100 Caucasian patients. All subjects underwent OGTT. The serum values of oxidative stress markers (8-isoprostane and Nox-2) were assessed with an ELISA test. Echocardiographic recordings were performed using an E-95 Pro ultrasound system. We observed significant differences, among the four groups, for fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.0001), one-hour postload (p < 0.0001), and two-hour postload plasma glucose (p < 0.0001). As compared with NGT < 155, NGT ≥ 155 exhibited significantly worse insulin sensitivity and higher values of hs-CRP. No significant differences were observed between NGT ≥ 155 and IGT patients. There was a significant increase in 8-isoprostane (p < 0.0001) and Nox-2 (p < 0.0001), from the first to fourth group, indicating an increase in oxidative stress with the worsening of the metabolic status. Serum levels of 8-isoprostane and Nox-2 were significantly increased in NGT ≥ 155 compared to the NGT < 155 group, but similar to IGT. The global longitudinal strain (GLS) appeared progressively lower proceeding from the NGT < 155 to T2DM group (p < 0.0001). For similar values of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NGT ≥ 155 exhibited reduced GLS compared to NGT < 155 (p = 0.001), but similar to IGT patients. Our study demonstrated that NGT ≥ 155 subjects exhibit early functional impairment of myocardial contractile fibres, these alterations are correlated with increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Cassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Sofia Miceli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Armentaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Gaia Chiara Mannino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Vanessa Teresa Fiorentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Elena Succurro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Letizia Hribal
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University Rome-Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.C.); (S.M.); (G.A.); (G.C.M.); (V.T.F.); (M.P.); (E.S.); (M.L.H.); (F.A.); (F.P.)
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-3694103; Fax: +39-0961-3647192
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Basic fibroblast growth factor alleviates metabolic abnormalities in the heart of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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20
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Takashi Y, Kawanami D. The Role of Bone-Derived Hormones in Glucose Metabolism, Diabetic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042376. [PMID: 35216490 PMCID: PMC8879859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone contributes to supporting the body, protecting the central nervous system and other organs, hematopoiesis, the regulation of mineral metabolism (mainly calcium and phosphate), and assists in respiration. Bone has many functions in the body. Recently, it was revealed that bone also works as an endocrine organ and secretes several systemic humoral factors, including fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), osteocalcin (OC), sclerostin, and lipocalin 2. Bone can communicate with other organs via these hormones. In particular, it has been reported that these bone-derived hormones are involved in glucose metabolism and diabetic complications. Some functions of these bone-derived hormones can become useful biomarkers that predict the incidence of diabetes and the progression of diabetic complications. Furthermore, other functions are considered to be targets for the prevention or treatment of diabetes and its complications. As is well known, diabetes is now a worldwide health problem, and many efforts have been made to treat diabetes. Thus, further investigations of the endocrine system through bone-derived hormones may provide us with new perspectives on the prediction, prevention, and treatment of diabetes. In this review, we summarize the role of bone-derived hormones in glucose metabolism, diabetic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disorders.
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Alpha-lipoic acid preconditioning plus ischemic postconditioning provides additional protection against myocardial reperfusion injury of diabetic rats: modulation of autophagy and mitochondrial function. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1773-1782. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wei J, Zhao Y, Liang H, Du W, Wang L. Preliminary evidence for the presence of multiple forms of cell death in diabetes cardiomyopathy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1-17. [PMID: 35127369 PMCID: PMC8799881 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a common degenerative chronic metabolic disease often accompanied by severe cardiovascular complications (DCCs) as major causes of death in diabetic patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) as the most common DCC. The metabolic disturbance in DCM generates the conditions/substrates and inducers/triggers and activates the signaling molecules and death executioners leading to cardiomyocyte death which accelerates the development of DCM and the degeneration of DCM to heart failure. Various forms of programmed active cell death including apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, autosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis and entosis have been identified and characterized in many types of cardiac disease. Evidence has also been obtained for the presence of multiple forms of cell death in DCM. Most importantly, published animal experiments have demonstrated that suppression of cardiomyocyte death of any forms yields tremendous protective effects on DCM. Herein, we provide the most updated data on the subject of cell death in DCM, critical analysis of published results focusing on the pathophysiological roles of cell death, and pertinent perspectives of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yongting Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Sukumaran V, Gurusamy N, Yalcin HC, Venkatesh S. Understanding diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy from the perspective of renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Pflugers Arch 2021; 474:63-81. [PMID: 34967935 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that diabetic subjects are predisposed to a distinct cardiovascular dysfunction, known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which could be an autonomous disease independent of concomitant micro and macrovascular disorders. DCM is one of the prominent causes of global morbidity and mortality and is on a rising trend with the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). DCM is characterized by an early left ventricle diastolic dysfunction associated with the slow progression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy leading to heart failure, which still has no effective therapy. Although the well-known "Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)" inhibition is considered a gold-standard treatment in heart failure, its role in DCM is still unclear. At the cellular level of DCM, RAAS induces various secondary mechanisms, adding complications to poor prognosis and treatment of DCM. This review highlights the importance of RAAS signaling and its major secondary mechanisms involving inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagy, their role in establishing DCM. In addition, studies lacking in the specific area of DCM are also highlighted. Therefore, understanding the complex role of RAAS in DCM may lead to the identification of better prognosis and therapeutic strategies in treating DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Al-Tarfa, 2371, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Exercise Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413228. [PMID: 34948026 PMCID: PMC8707657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), as a common complication of diabetes, is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a key sensor mediating innate immune and inflammatory responses. However, the mechanisms initiating and promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in DCM is largely unexplored. The aim of the present review is to describe the link between NLRP3 inflammasome and DCM, and to provide evidence highlighting the importance of exercise training in DCM intervention. Collectively, this evidence suggests that DCM is an inflammatory disease aggravated by NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated release of IL-1β and IL-18. In addition, chronic exercise intervention is an effective preventive and therapeutic method to alleviate DCM via modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Liu Y, Ma J, Guo J, Lu H, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Characteristics of Myocardial Perfusion in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction: A Study of Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7533-7543. [PMID: 34754226 PMCID: PMC8572094 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s340642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) will gradually progress to heart failure without intervention. The timely identification of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in the early stage and active intervention helps delay the onset of heart failure. Although myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) allows an accurate evaluation of myocardial perfusion (MP), the characteristics of MP in early-stage or even sub-clinical LVDD are still unclear. Objective This study aims to reveal the characteristics of MP in asymptomatic and normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using MCE and investigate its association with LVDD development. Methods A total of 327 T2DM patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients diagnosed with LVDD were included in the LVDD+ group (n = 76), and those with normal left ventricular diastolic function were included in the LVDD- group (n = 251). The clinical characteristics, general echocardiographic findings, and MCE parameters were compared between the two groups. The accuracy of MCE parameters in the diagnosis of LVDD and their correlations with characteristics of T2DM were evaluated. Results In the LVDD+ group, the A×β (derived from the replenishment curve of MCE, presenting myocardial blood flow) was significantly lower, and the HbA1c and diabetes duration were significantly higher compared to the LVDD- group (all P < 0.05). The decrease of A×β helped warn the occurrence of LVDD although it was not suitable for the independent diagnosis of LVDD (AUC = 0.745). A×β was negatively correlated with diabetes duration and HbA1c (r = -0.350 and -0.226, both P < 0.001). Conclusion MCE was feasible for detecting MP abnormalities in asymptomatic T2DM patients. Although the A×β values of T2DM patients with subclinical LVDD were better than those with diagnosed LVDD, it impaired with the increase of HbA1c and diabetes duration. It suggested that MCE might be useful for monitoring glycemic control in T2DM patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Wang S, Li Y, Wang Y, Dong C, Xu H. Cardioprotective effect of icariin against myocardial fibrosis and its molecular mechanism in diabetic cardiomyopathy based on network pharmacology: Role of ICA in DCM. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153607. [PMID: 34411833 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most severe symptoms of diabetes. It continues to be a major clinical problem, but our knowledge of its molecular mechanisms and effective treatments are limited. Traditional Chinese medicine has been shown to be a pool of novel drugs for diabetes. PURPOSE Herein, we aim to define the molecular mechanism of icariin (ICA), an extract from a traditional Chinese medicine herb, in protecting cardiac structures and restoring cardiac functions of in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Candidate genes related to T2DM were identified through bioinformatics screening and their interactions were constructed by molecule docking technique, followed by pathway enrichment analyses of their cellular functions. A T2DM rat model was then established to evaluate the effects of ICA on cardiac structures, myocardial fibrosis, and cellular Ca2+ inflow, as reflected by HE and Masson staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot determination of related genes, and measurement of the L-type Ca2+ current. RESULTS Four potential target genes (Jun, p65, NOS3, and PDE5A) were identified. ICA ameliorated the structural damage and myocardial fibrosis in T2DM rats. Intracellular Ca2+ hyperactivities and dysfunction in myocardium of T2DM rats were also repressed by ICA treatment. Furthermore, ICA-induced inhibition of Jun and p65 ameliorated the irregular collagen metabolism and myocardial fibrosis. NOS3, PDE5A and the related sGC-cGMP-PKG signaling pathway mediated the ICA-induced improvement of intracellular Ca2+ inflow. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these results demonstrate the regulatory roles of potential target genes in DCM and suggest ICA as an effective treatment of DCM by targeting these genes specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Shudong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Chunzhe Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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The Acute Effects of Different Spironolactone Doses on Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Increased bioavailability of reactive oxygen species is defined as oxidative stress and is noticed in type 2 DM and reduced antioxidant enzymes expression/ activity. Aldosterone, an adrenal hormone, is secreted due to renin-angiotensin–aldosterone system activation, representing one of the fundamental physiological reactions in CVD. Spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, uses enhanced coronary microvascular function, suggesting a beneficial role of aldosterone in preventing diabetic cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 DM. In this study, we evaluated the influence of spironolactone's acute administration on oxidative stress in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin. The present study was carried out on 40 adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 animals per group): healthy rats treated with 0.1 μM of spironolactone, diabetic rats treated with 0.1 μM of spironolactone, healthy rats treated with 3 μM of spironolactone, and diabetic rats treated with 3 μM of spironolactone. Spironolactone achieved different effects on oxidative stress parameters when given acutely in different doses in diabetic and healthy rats. In lower doses, spironolactone's acute administration reached lowered parameters of oxidative stress in healthy rats better than higher doses of spironolactone. In contrast, in the diabetic group, acute effects of higher doses of spironolactone lowered oxidative stress parameters better than lower spironolactone doses.
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Abdulwahab DA, El-Missiry MA, Shabana S, Othman AI, Amer ME. Melatonin protects the heart and pancreas by improving glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in T2DM-induced rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06474. [PMID: 33748504 PMCID: PMC7970364 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury are health issues associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are characterized by elevated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone with multifunctional antioxidant activity. The protective effects of MLT on the heart and pancreas during the early development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury were investigated in male Wistar rats with T2DM. MLT (10 mg/kg) was administered daily by gavage for 15 days after diabetic induction. Treatment of diabetic rats with MLT significantly normalized the levels of serum glucose, HbA1-c, and the lipid profile and improved the insulin levels and insulin resistance compared with diabetic rats, affirming its antidiabetic effect. MLT significantly prevented the development of oxidative stress and sustained the levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in the heart and pancreas of diabetic animals, indicating its antioxidant capacity. Additionally, MLT prevented the increase in proinflammatory cytokines and expression of Bax, caspase-3 and P53. Furthermore, MLT enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. MLT controlled the levels of troponin T and creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase activity, indicating its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Histological examinations confirmed the protective effects of MLT on T2DM-induced injury in the myocardium, pancreas and islets of Langerhans. In conclusion, the protective effects of melatonin on the heart and pancreas during the early development of T2DM are attributed to its antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic and antioxidant influences as well as its remarkable anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sameh Shabana
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Azza I. Othman
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maggie E. Amer
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Wang X, Jin S, Hu W. A Role of Glucose Overload in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Nonhuman Primates. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:9676754. [PMID: 33860059 PMCID: PMC8026299 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9676754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) plays a major role in the development of heart failure. Patients with T2D have an increased risk to develop HF than healthy subjects, and they always have very poor outcomes and survival rates. However, the underlying mechanisms for this are still unclear. To help develop new therapeutic interventions, well-characterized animal models for preclinical and translational investigations in T2D and HF are urgently needed. Although studies in rodents are more often used, the research findings in rodents have often failed to be translated into humans due to the significant metabolic differences between rodents and humans. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) serve as valuable translational models between basic studies in rodent models and clinical studies in humans. NHPs can recapitulate the natural progress of these diseases in humans and study the underlying mechanism due to their genetic similarity and comparable spontaneous T2D rates to humans. In this review, we discuss the importance of using NHPs models in understanding diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in humans with aspects of correlations between hyperglycemia and cardiac dysfunction progression, glucose overload, and altered glucose metabolism promoting cardiac oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction, glucose, and its effect on cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-d), the currently available diabetic NHPs models and the limitations involved in the use of NHP models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Weina Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110034, China
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Chen D, Zhang M. GAS5 regulates diabetic cardiomyopathy via miR‑221‑3p/p27 axis‑associated autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:135. [PMID: 33313941 PMCID: PMC7751493 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the primary complications of the cardiovascular system due to diabetes‑induced metabolic injury. The present study investigated the autophagy‑associated regulatory mechanisms of long non‑coding RNAs in cardiac pathological changes in diabetes mellitus (DM). Streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced diabetic rats were intramyocardially injected and high concentration glucose (HG)‑processed H9C2 cells were infected with growth arrest specific transcript 5 (GAS5)‑loaded AAV‑9 adenovirus. HG‑processed H9C2 cells also underwent transfection with small interfering RNA‑p27. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining evaluated myocardial histological changes. Quantitative PCR detected the expression levels of GAS5, fibrosis markers (collagen I, collagen III, TGF‑β and connective tissue growth factor) and microRNA (miR)‑221‑3p. Western blotting determined the expression levels of autophagy‑associated proteins [microtubule‑associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) I, LC3B II and p62] and p27. Targetscan7.2 was used to predict binding sites between miR‑221‑3 and p27. Dual luciferase reporter assayed the effect of miR‑221‑3p on luciferase activity of GAS5 and p27. GAS5 downregulated high blood glucose concentrations in STZ‑induced diabetic rats, however its expression levels decreased in both HG‑processed H9C2 cells and the myocardium of DM model rats. GAS5 attenuated the histological abnormalities and reversed the decreased LC3B II and increased p62 expression levels of DM model rats. miR‑221‑3p mimic suppressed the activity of both GAS5‑wild‑type (WT) and p27‑WT. miR‑221‑3p expression levels were increased in both HG‑processed H9C2 and diabetic myocardium. p27 expression levels decreased following HG but were upregulated by GAS5. sip27 abolished the effect of GAS5 on DCM. GAS5 promoted cardiomyocyte autophagy in DCM to attenuate myocardial injury via the miR‑221‑3p/p27 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Fang H, Xu Q, Xu C, Yang L, Huang C. LncRNA GAS5 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by targeting miR-34b-3p/AHR. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:3054-3065. [PMID: 33092444 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1831245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA GAS5 is down-regulated in cardiomyocytes in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Here, we studied the involvement of GAS5 in DCM by analyzing its expression in DCM mouse model and cardiac muscle cell line (HL-1 cells). Compared with normal mice, GAS5 was severely down-regulated in heart tissues of DCM mice. GAS5 overexpression improved cardiac function and myocardial hypertrophy in DCM mice. In addition, the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, Pro-caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were increased in heart tissues of DCM mice and high glucose-treated HL-1 cells, which was repressed by GAS5 up-regulation. GAS5 overexpression suppressed caspase-1 activity, LDH release and the levels of IL-1β, IL-18 in the high glucose-treated HL-1 cells. Moreover, GAS5 regulated AHR expression by sponging miR-34b-3p. Furthermore, GAS5 overexpression suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis by regulating miR-34b-3p/AHR axis. In summary, our study demonstrates that GAS5 acts as a competing endogenous RNA to enhance AHR expression by sponging miR-34b-3p, which consequently represses NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis to improve DCM. Thus, our data provide a novel lncRNA GAS5 that could be a valuable target for DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyang Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Congcong Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chahua Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Liu XD, Li YG, Wang GY, Bi YG, Zhao Y, Yan ML, Liu X, Wei M, Wan LL, Zhang QY. Metformin protects high glucose‑cultured cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by promoting NDUFA13 expression and mitochondrial biogenesis via the AMPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5262-5270. [PMID: 33174032 PMCID: PMC7646981 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage in diabetes is at least partly due to elevated reactive oxygen species production by the mitochondrial respiratory chain during hyperglycemia. Sustained hyperglycemia results in mitochondrial dysfunction and the abnormal expression of mitochondrial genes, such as NADH: Ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13 (NDUFA13). Metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by improving mitochondrial function; however, the exact underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigated the molecular changes and related regulatory mechanisms in the response of H9C2 cardiomyocytes to metformin under high glucose conditions. H9C2 cells were subjected to CCK-8 assay to assess cell viability. Reactive oxygen species generation was measured with DCFH-DA assay. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of NDUFA13, AMPK, p-AMPK and GAPDH. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of mitochondrial genes and transcription factors. It was observed that metformin protected H9C2 cardiomyocytes by suppressing high glucose (HG)-induced elevated oxidative stress. In addition, metformin stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis, as indicated by increased expression levels of mitochondrial genes (NDUFA1, NDUFA2, NDUFA13 and manganese superoxide dismutase) and mitochondrial biogenesis-related transcription factors [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α, nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)-1, and NRF-2] in the metformin + HG group compared with the HG group. Moreover, metformin promoted mitochondrial NDUFA13 protein expression via the AMPK signaling pathway, which was abolished by pretreatment with the AMPK inhibitor, Compound C. The results suggested that metformin protected cardiomyocytes against HG-induced oxidative stress via a mechanism involving AMPK, NDUFA13 and mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Dong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Guang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Guang Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Wan
- Division of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Thisted L, Østergaard MV, Pedersen AA, Pedersen PJ, Lindsay RT, Murray AJ, Fink LN, Pedersen TX, Secher T, Johansen TT, Thrane ST, Skarsfeldt T, Jelsing J, Thomsen MB, Zois NE. Rat pancreatectomy combined with isoprenaline or uninephrectomy as models of diabetic cardiomyopathy or nephropathy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16130. [PMID: 32999377 PMCID: PMC7527487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and renal complications are the predominant causes of morbidity and mortality amongst patients with diabetes. Development of novel treatments have been hampered by the lack of available animal models recapitulating the human disease. We hypothesized that experimental diabetes in rats combined with a cardiac or renal stressor, would mimic diabetic cardiomyopathy and nephropathy, respectively. Diabetes was surgically induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by 90% pancreatectomy (Px). Isoprenaline (Iso, 1 mg/kg, sc., 10 days) was administered 5 weeks after Px with the aim of inducing cardiomyopathy, and cardiac function and remodeling was assessed by echocardiography 10 weeks after surgery. Left ventricular (LV) fibrosis was quantified by Picro Sirius Red and gene expression analysis. Nephropathy was induced by Px combined with uninephrectomy (Px-UNx). Kidney function was assessed by measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine albumin excretion, and kidney injury was evaluated by histopathology and gene expression analysis. Px resulted in stable hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, decreased C-peptide, and increased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared with sham-operated controls. Moreover, Px increased heart and LV weights and dimensions and caused a shift from α-myosin heavy chain (MHC) to β-MHC gene expression. Isoprenaline treatment, but not Px, decreased ejection fraction and induced LV fibrosis. There was no apparent interaction between Px and Iso treatment. The superimposition of Px and UNx increased GFR, indicating hyperfiltration. Compared with sham-operated controls, Px-UNx induced albuminuria and increased urine markers of kidney injury, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and podocalyxin, concomitant with upregulated renal gene expression of NGAL and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1). Whereas Px and isoprenaline separately produced clinical endpoints related to diabetic cardiomyopathy, the combination of the two did not accentuate disease development. Conversely, Px in combination with UNx resulted in several clinical hallmarks of diabetic nephropathy indicative of early disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Thisted
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Philip J Pedersen
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Ross T Lindsay
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CVRM, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisbeth N Fink
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Tanja X Pedersen
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- CVD Research, Novo Nordisk, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Thomas Secher
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Thea T Johansen
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jacob Jelsing
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Morten B Thomsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nora E Zois
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Gubra Aps, Kongevej 11b, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Huang X, Zhang F, Tang L, Xu S, Liu Y, Tong N, Min W. Systemic Delivery of siRNA Specific for Silencing TLR4 Gene Expression Reduces Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in a Mouse Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther 2020; 11:1161-1173. [PMID: 32285313 PMCID: PMC7193037 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a cardiac dysfunction in patients with diabetes which may lead to overt heart failure and death. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling triggers diabetic cardiomyopathy through various mechanisms, one of which is the upregulation of TLR4 expression. The aim of this study was to delineate the role of TLR4 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. The experimental and control groups were treated with 5 μg of TLR4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or scrambled siRNA. Cardiac histopathology was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, Sirius red, and immunofluorescence staining after treatment with TLR4 siRNA. The myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory factors were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction after treatment with TLR4 siRNA. The myocardial function was evaluated by echocardiography after treatment with TLR4 siRNA. RESULTS Compared with non-diabetic mouse hearts, hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation of cardiomyocytes, and myocardial dysfunction were significantly increased in diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Knockdown of TLR4 decreased hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation of cardiomyocytes, and myocardial dysfunction (p < 0.05). Cardiomyocytic cross-sectional areas in hearts of TLR4 siRNA-treated diabetic mice were similar to those of the sham-treated mice (p > 0.05). The induction of expression of cardiac fetal genes, beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which are two markers of cardiac hypertrophy, was significantly reduced in TLR4 siRNA-treated hearts compared with controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, siRNA-mediated silencing of TLR4 reduced diabetes-induced collagen deposition (p < 0.05). Paralleled with changes in collagen deposition and the expression of collagen I and collagen III, knockdown of TLR4 also reduced the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) mRNA (p < 0.05). The increased expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) was significantly attenuated by TLR4 siRNA treatment in the hearts of diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) values were preserved in TLR4 siRNA-treated diabetic mice compared with control siRNA-treated mice (31.80% ± 2.82% vs. 28.50% ± 5.83% for FS, p < 0.05) (57.95% ± 6.48% vs. 45.34% ± 4.25% for EF, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study used siRNA to specifically silence TLR4 gene expression in the diabetic mouse heart in vivo and to investigate the role that TLR4 plays in diabetic cardiomyopathy. It is likely that silencing of the TLR4 gene through siRNA could prevent the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuefang Huang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Center, People's Hospital of Karamay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Lizhi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shishi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weiping Min
- Departments of Surgery, Pathology, Medicine, Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes reveal abnormal TGFβ signaling in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 142:53-64. [PMID: 32251671 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic condition associated with a multitude of cardiovascular complications. Moreover, the prevalence of diabetes in heart failure populations is higher than that in control populations. However, the role of cardiomyocyte alterations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been well characterized and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, two patients who were diagnosed as T2DM were recruited and patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from urine epithelial cells using nonintegrated Sendai virus. The iPSC lines derived from five healthy subjects were used as controls. All iPSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) using the monolayer-based differentiation protocol. T2DM iPSC-CMs exhibited various disease phenotypes, including cellular hypertrophy and lipid accumulation. Moreover, T2DM iPSC-CMs exhibited higher susceptibility to high-glucose/high-lipid challenge than control iPSC-CMs, manifesting an increase in apoptosis. RNA-Sequencing analysis revealed a differential transcriptome profile and abnormal activation of TGFβ signaling pathway in T2DM iPSC-CMs. We went on to show that inhibition of TGFβ significantly rescued the hypertrophic phenotype in T2DM iPSC-CMs. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the iPSC-CM model is able to recapitulate cellular phenotype of T2DM. Our results indicate that iPSC-CMs can therefore serve as a suitable model for investigating molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathies and for screening therapeutic drugs.
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Resveratrol and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Focusing on the Protective Signaling Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7051845. [PMID: 32256959 PMCID: PMC7094200 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7051845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiovascular complication of diabetic mellitus that is characterized by diastolic disorder in the early stage and clinical heart failure in the later stage. Presently, DCM is considered one of the major causes of death in diabetic patients. Resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring stilbene, is widely reported as a cardioprotective substance in many heart diseases. Thus far, the specific roles of RSV in DCM prevention and treatment have attracted great attention. Here, we discuss the roles of RSV in DCM by focusing its downstream targets from both in vivo and in vitro studies. Among such targets, Sirtuins 1/3 and AMP-activated kinase have been identified as key mediators that induce cardioprotection during hyperglycemia. In addition, many other signaling molecules (e.g., forkhead box-O3a and extracellular regulated protein kinases) are also regulated in the presence of RSV and exert beneficial effects such as opposing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes exposed to high-glucose conditions. The beneficial potential of an RSV/stem cell cotherapy is also reviewed as a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing the development of DCM.
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Ansari M, Kurian GA. Diabetic animal fed with high-fat diet prevents the protective effect of myocardial ischemic preconditioning effect in isolated rat heart perfusion model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22457. [PMID: 32022976 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic heart (diabetes mellitus [DM]) has been shown to attenuate the beneficial effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in rat heart. But the effect of IPC on diabetic rat heart that develops myopathy remains unclear. This study was designed to test the impact of IPC on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) rat heart. Male Wistar rats were grouped as (a) normal, (b) DM (streptozotocin: 65 mg/kg; fed with normal diet), and (c) DCM (streptozotocin: 65 mg/kg; fed with high-fat diet). Isolated rat hearts from each group were randomly subjected to (a) normal perfusion, (b) ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), and (c) IPC procedure. At the end of the perfusion experiments, hearts were analyzed for injury, contractile function, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress. The results obtained from hemodynamics, cardiac injury markers, and caspase-3 activity showed that DCM rat displayed prominent I/R-associated cardiac abnormalities than DM rat heart. But the deteriorated physiological performance and cardiac injury were not recovered in both DM and DCM heart by IPC procedure. Unlike normal rat heart, IPC did not reverse mitochondrial dysfunction (determined by electron transport chain enzymes activity, ATP level, and membrane integrity, expression levels of genes like PGC-1ɑ, GSK3β, complex I, II, and V) in DCM and DM rat heart. The present study demonstrated that IPC failed to protect I/R-challenged DCM rat heart, and the underlying pathology was associated with deteriorated mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ansari
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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Li CL, Liu B, Wang ZY, Xie F, Qiao W, Cheng J, Kuang JY, Wang Y, Zhang MX, Liu DS. Salvianolic acid B improves myocardial function in diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing IGFBP3. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 139:98-112. [PMID: 31982427 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is the representative component of phenolic acids derived from the dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Labiatae), which has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the effect of Sal B on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still unclear. METHODS Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment, whereas meanwhile Salvianolic Acid B (Sal B (15 or 30 mg/kg/d) was intraperitoneally injected for 16 weeks. At the end of this period, cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, and total collagen deposition was evaluated by Masson's trichrome and Picrosirius Red staining. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia were used to investigate the effect of different doses of Sal B on angiogenesis and tube formation in vitro. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify potential targets of Sal B. RESULTS Sal B ameliorated left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling, and decreased collagen deposition in the heart of diabetic mice. Administration of Sal B increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and VEGFA in a dose-dependent manner and promoted angiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Sal B reduced HG-induced insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) expression, induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and protein kinase B (AKT) activities, enhanced cell proliferation, and activated VEGFR2/VEGFA signaling in endothelial cells. The underlying mechanisms involve SalB that enhances IGFBP3 promoter DNA methylation and induce nuclear translocation of IGFBP3 in HUVECs under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Sal B promoted angiogenesis and alleviated cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in DCM by suppressing IGFBP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ling Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang-Ying Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - De-Shan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Pant T, Dhanasekaran A, Bai X, Zhao M, Thorp EB, Forbess JM, Bosnjak ZJ, Ge ZD. Genome-wide differential expression profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs associated with early diabetic cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15345. [PMID: 31653946 PMCID: PMC6814824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51872-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the main causes of heart failure and death in patients with diabetes. There are no effective approaches to preventing its development in the clinic. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are increasingly recognized as important molecular players in cardiovascular disease. Herein we investigated the profiling of cardiac lncRNA and mRNA expression in type 2 diabetic db/db mice with and without early diabetic cardiomyopathy. We found that db/db mice developed cardiac hypertrophy with normal cardiac function at 6 weeks of age but with a decreased diastolic function at 20 weeks of age. LncRNA and mRNA transcripts were remarkably different in 20-week-old db/db mouse hearts compared with both nondiabetic and diabetic controls. Overall 1479 lncRNA transcripts and 1109 mRNA transcripts were aberrantly expressed in 6- and 20-week-old db/db hearts compared with nondiabetic controls. The lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network analysis revealed that 5 deregulated lncRNAs having maximum connections with differentially expressed mRNAs were BC038927, G730013B05Rik, 2700054A10Rik, AK089884, and Daw1. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these 5 lncRNAs are closely associated with membrane depolarization, action potential conduction, contraction of cardiac myocytes, and actin filament-based movement of cardiac cells. This study profiles differently expressed lncRNAs in type 2 mice with and without early diabetic cardiomyopathy and identifies BC038927, G730013B05Rik, 2700054A10Rik, AK089884, and Daw1 as the core lncRNA with high significance in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Departments of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
| | | | - Xiaowen Bai
- Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
| | - Joseph M Forbess
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
| | - Zeljko J Bosnjak
- Departments of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
- Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Zhi-Dong Ge
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 300 E. Superior Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA.
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Athithan L, Gulsin GS, McCann GP, Levelt E. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, theories and evidence to date. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:490-510. [PMID: 31641426 PMCID: PMC6801309 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i10.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased worldwide and doubled over the last two decades. It features among the top 10 causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of complications in diabetes and within this, heart failure has been shown to be the leading cause of emergency admissions in the United Kingdom. There are many hypotheses and well-evidenced mechanisms by which diabetic cardiomyopathy as an entity develops. This review aims to give an overview of these mechanisms, with particular emphasis on metabolic inflexibility. T2D is associated with inefficient substrate utilisation, an inability to increase glucose metabolism and dependence on fatty acid oxidation within the diabetic heart resulting in mitochondrial uncoupling, glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and initially subclinical cardiac dysfunction and finally in overt heart failure. The review also gives a concise update on developments within clinical imaging, specifically cardiac magnetic resonance studies to characterise and phenotype early cardiac dysfunction in T2D. A better understanding of the pathophysiology involved provides a platform for targeted therapy in diabetes to prevent the development of early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Athithan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Gaurav S Gulsin
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Gerald P McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Eylem Levelt
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LF9 7TF, United Kingdom
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Sadek NB, Gamal SM, Aboulhoda BE, Rashed LA, Shawky HM, Gamal El-Din MM. The Potential Role of Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin Upregulation in Microvascular Insufficiency in a Rat Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2019; 25:86-97. [PMID: 31533469 DOI: 10.1177/1074248419876632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is accompanied by microvascular complications that lead to myocardial dysfunction and heart failure. Most conventional therapies cannot ameliorate the microvascular insufficiency in DCM. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) may be a new adjuvant therapy against the progression of DCM and its underlying microvascular pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin injections, and ucOC was upregulated after warfarin administration in the treated group. After 8 weeks, cardiac functions were assessed using a Langendorff apparatus. Cardiac tissue samples were also extracted to assess the ucOC receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for histopathological studies. RESULTS Both the systolic and the diastolic dysfunction observed in the DCM group were significantly improved after the increase in ucOC blood levels. Significant improvement in VEGF and CD31 expression after warfarin injection was associated with increased capillary density, neovascularization, and decreased myocardial fibrosis together with the reestablishment of myocardial structural and ultrastructural patterns. CONCLUSION Undercarboxylated osteocalcin may have a promising effect in improving microvascular insufficiency and myocardial dysfunction in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen B Sadek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Gamal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma E Aboulhoda
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Shawky
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha M Gamal El-Din
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Molecular Dysfunction and Phenotypic Derangement in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133264. [PMID: 31269778 PMCID: PMC6651260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence and poor prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients affected with diabetes (DM) is in part related to a specific cardiac remodeling currently recognized as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This cardiac frame occurs regardless of the presence of coronary artery diseases (CAD) and it can account for 15–20% of the total diabetic population. The pathogenesis of DCM remains controversial, and several molecular and cellular alterations including myocardial hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, have been postulated. The main cardio-vascular alterations associated with hyperglycemia comprise endothelial dysfunction, adverse effects of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) and increased systemic inflammation. High glucose concentrations lead to a loss of mitochondrial networks, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation and a reduction in cGMP production related to protein kinase G (PKG) activity. Current mechanisms enhance the collagen deposition with subsequent increased myocardial stiffness. Several concerns regarding the exact role of DCM in HF development such as having an appearance as either dilated or as a concentric phenotype and whether diabetes could be considered a causal factor or a comorbidity in HF, remain to be clarified. In this review, we sought to explain the different DCM subtypes and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, the traditional and new molecular and signal alterations and their relationship with macroscopic structural abnormalities are described.
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Woo V, Connelly K, Lin P, McFarlane P. The role of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors in heart failure and chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin 2019; 35:1283-1295. [PMID: 30767677 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2019.1576479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: This review discusses the significance of these comorbidities of T2D and current options for managing them, with a focus on sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Based on a focused literature search of cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs), this review assessed the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors in individuals with T2D with or without established cardiovascular disease (CVD). Results: In addition to effective glycemic control and weight loss, SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment of T2D prevents adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in individuals with and without these comorbidities. Reduced rate of hospitalization due to HF (HHF) and improved renal outcomes appear to be class effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors. Reduction in CV events may be more significant in individuals with established cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: CVOTs and other studies confirm that the SGLT-2 inhibitors, mostly used in combination with other glucose-lowering drugs, offer several clinical benefits beyond improved glycemic control. These include reducing HHF risk and improving renal outcomes. HF and renal benefits are observed in individuals with and without established CVD, which may simplify therapeutic selection. Ongoing SGLT-2 inhibitor CVOTs will help clarify the potential of these drugs to treat T2D comorbid with different forms of HF (HF with preserved vs reduced ejection fraction) and different degrees of renal dysfunction, and in individuals with T2D vs pre-diabetes or normal glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Woo
- a Section of Endocrinology John Buhler Research Centre, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada
| | - Kim Connelly
- b Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology , St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
- c St. Michael's Hospital , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Peter Lin
- d Primary Care Initiatives, Canadian Heart Research Centre , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Philip McFarlane
- e Division of Nephrology , St. Michael's Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
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Weng Y, Lou J, Liu X, Lin S, Xu C, Du C, Tang L. Effects of high glucose on proliferation and function of circulating fibrocytes: Involvement of CXCR4/SDF‑1 axis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:927-938. [PMID: 31257476 PMCID: PMC6657976 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to further investigate the effects of high glucose on the function of circulating fibrocytes and its underlying mechanisms. The total peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from normal glucose tolerance patients and type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Circulating fibrocytes were stimulated with different glucose concentrations for different time periods (24, 48 and 72 h). Cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was detected by western blotting. The expression of COL-I was detected by flow cytometry. The apoptotic bodies of cells were detected by fluorescence microscopy after Hoechst33258 staining. The invasive and migration abilities of fibrocytes were detected by Transwell chamber assay. Secretion of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) was measured by ELISA. The circulating fibrocytes showed a typical spindle-shape and were double-positive for cluster of differentiation 45 (green) and COL-I (red). Compared with the 5.5 mmol/l glucose group, a high glucose concentration significantly promoted the proliferation of circulating fibrocytes and showed the most significant effects at 30 mmol/l after treatment for 48 h. AMD3100 showed no effects on the proliferation of circulating fibrocytes. Flow cytometry revealed that 30 mmol/l glucose significantly promoted the expression of COL-I vs. 5.5 mmol/l glucose group (P<0.01), while AMD3100 reversed this (P<0.05). Hoechst33258 staining showed no differences in the apoptotic bodies between experimental groups (P>0.05). Western blotting revealed that the expression of CTGF was decreased significantly by AMD3100 pretreatment (P<0.01). Transwell chamber assay showed that 30 mmol/l glucose significantly promoted the invasive and transfer abilities (P<0.01) of fibrocytes when compared with the 5.5 mmol/l glucose group. While AMD3100 reversed the cell migratory effects induced by high glucose (P<0.01). In addition, the secretion of SDF-1 stimulated by 30 mmol/l glucose DMEM showed no differences compared with 5.5 mmol/l glucose DMEM (P>0.05). High glucose stimulated the expressions of CTGF and COL-I, and promoted migration of circulating fibrocytes via the CXC chemokine receptor 4/SDF-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Jiangjie Lou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Senna Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Chenkai Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Du
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
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El-Missiry MA, Amer MA, Hemieda FA, Othman AI, Sakr DA, Abdulhadi HL. Cardioameliorative effect of punicalagin against streptozotocin-induced apoptosis, redox imbalance, metabolic changes and inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maher A. Amer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Faried A.E. Hemieda
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Azza I. Othman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Sakr
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Haitham L. Abdulhadi
- Biology department, Pure Science Education Collage, Al-Anbar University, Al-Anbar, Iraq
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Yin L, Fang Y, Song T, Lv D, Wang Z, Zhu L, Zhao Z, Yin X. FBXL10 regulates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the PKC β2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2558-2567. [PMID: 30701683 PMCID: PMC6433654 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition associated with significant structural changes including cardiac tissue necrosis, localized fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This study sought to assess whether and how FBXL10 can attenuate DCM using a rat streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DCM model system. In the current study, we found that FBXL10 expression was significantly decreased in diabetic rat hearts. FBXL10 protected cells from high glucose (HG)‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in vitro. In addition, FBXL10 significantly activated PKC β2 signaling pathway in H9c2 cells and rat model. The cardiomyocyte‐specific overexpression of FBXL10 at 12 weeks after the initial STZ administration attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby reducing cardiomyocyte death and preserving cardiac function in these animals. Moreover, FBXL10 protected against DCM via activation of the PKC β2 pathway. In conclusion, FBXL has the therapeutic potential for the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingying Fang
- Department of Digestive, Heilongjiang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zihui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhua Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Banerjee J, Mishra N, Damle G, Dhas Y. Beyond LDL-c: The importance of serum oxidized LDL in predicting risk for type 2 diabetes in the middle-aged Asian Indians. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:206-213. [PMID: 30641698 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) as the residual lipid plays a crucial role in cardiovascular complications and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of OxLDL with the conventional risk markers and to find the association of OxLDL with the risk of development of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged (30-50 years) Asian Indians. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 78 type 2 diabetes patients and 78 age-matched controls were recruited. The serum OxLDL concentration was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Other anthropometric and biochemical measures were also carried out. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association of OxLDL and OxLDL to non-oxidized lipoproteins with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS OxLDL was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes cases than controls (p < 0.001) even though there was no significant difference in LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) between type 2 diabetes patients and controls. OxLDL correlated significantly with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). OxLDL did not show any significant correlation with LDL-c. Multiple logistic regression showed a significant association of OxLDL, OxLDL/LDL-c and OxLDL/HDL-c with type 2 diabetes (p < 0.001). LDL-c showed no association with type 2 diabetes. ROC-AUC curve analyses showed OxLDL/HDL-c to have highest discriminatory power for type 2 diabetes (AUC: 0.710 with 95% CI: 0.629-0.791, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the possibly more attention has to be given to OxLDL for managing lipids and diabetes progression as well as reducing cardiac risk in middle-aged type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyita Banerjee
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Neetu Mishra
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India.
| | - Gauri Damle
- Madhunayani Diabetes Care & Eye Laser Centre, Pune, India
| | - Yogita Dhas
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Shi GJ, Li Y, Cao QH, Wu HX, Tang XY, Gao XH, Yu JQ, Chen Z, Yang Y. In vitro and in vivo evidence that quercetin protects against diabetes and its complications: A systematic review of the literature. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1085-1099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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49
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Zhang B, Xu D. Protective effects of astaxanthin on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1503617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingshan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Di Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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50
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Gao L, Wang X, Guo S, Xiao L, Liang C, Wang Z, Li Y, Liu Y, Yao R, Liu Y, Zhang Y. LncRNA HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to upregulate SIRT1 by sponging miR-34a in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4944-4958. [PMID: 30216438 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), a highly abundant and conserved imprinted gene, has been implicated in many essential biological processes and diseases. However, to date, the significance of HOTAIR in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has never been investigated. The current study was designed to determine whether DCM can be regulated by HOTAIR and to elucidate the related mechanism. In vivo, streptozotocin (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally to induce type 1 diabetes in mice. Cardiomyocyte specific HOTAIR overexpression was achieved using an adeno-associated virus system 12 weeks after STZ injection. In vitro, H9c2 were used to explore the potential molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in the regulation of high-glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to explore the relationship between HOTAIR, microRNA-34a (miR-34a), and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). HOTAIR expression was significantly decreased in diabetic mice hearts. Knockdown of HOTAIR in high glucose-induced H9c2 resulted in increased oxidative injury, inflammation, and apoptosis in vitro. Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of HOTAIR improved cardiac function, decreased oxidative stress and inflammation, and attenuated myocyte death in mice treated with STZ. Mechanistically, the expression of SIRT1/forkhead box protein O1 was significantly increased in the HOTAIR-overexpressing hearts compared with the control hearts treated with STZ. Moreover, we found HOTAIR functioned as a molecular sponge of miR-34a in H9c2 and SIRT1 was identified as a target of miR-34a. Furthermore, the protective effects of HOTAIR on DCM was abolished in SIRT1 deficiency mice in vivo. HOTAIR protected against DCM via activation of the SIRT1 expression by sponging miR-34a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhou Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanzhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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