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Berlow M, Mesa M, Creek M, Duarte JG, Carpenter E, Phinizy B, Andonian K, Dlugosch KM. Plant G × Microbial E: Plant Genotype Interaction with Soil Bacterial Community Shapes Rhizosphere Composition During Invasion. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:113. [PMID: 39259393 PMCID: PMC11390927 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that different genetic variants of hosts can uniquely shape their microbiomes. Invasive species often evolve in their introduced ranges, but little is known about the potential for their microbial associations to change during invasion as a result. We asked whether host genotype (G), microbial environment (E), or their interaction (G × E) affected the composition and diversity of host-associated microbiomes in Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle), a Eurasian plant that is known to have evolved novel genotypes and phenotypes and to have altered microbial interactions, in its severe invasion of CA, USA. We conducted an experiment in which native and invading plant genotypes were inoculated with native and invaded range soil microbial communities. We used amplicon sequencing to characterize rhizosphere bacteria in both the experiment and the field soils from which they were derived. We found that native and invading plant genotypes accumulated different microbial associations at the family level in each soil community, often counter to differences in family abundance between soil communities. Root associations with potentially beneficial Streptomycetaceae were particularly interesting, as these were more abundant in the invaded range field soil and accumulated on invading genotypes. We also found that bacterial diversity is higher in invaded soils, but that invading genotypes accumulated a lower diversity of bacteria and unique microbial composition in experimental inoculations, relative to native genotypes. Thus variation in microbial associations of invaders was driven by the interaction of plant G and microbial E, and rhizosphere microbial communities appear to change in composition in response to host evolution during invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mae Berlow
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Miles Mesa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Mikayla Creek
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Jesse G Duarte
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Elizabeth Carpenter
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Brandon Phinizy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Krikor Andonian
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Katrina M Dlugosch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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2
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Jiang F, Bennett JA, Crawford KM, Heinze J, Pu X, Luo A, Wang Z. Global patterns and drivers of plant-soil microbe interactions. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14364. [PMID: 38225803 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) is an important mechanism determining plant community dynamics and structure. Understanding the geographic patterns and drivers of PSF is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying geographic plant diversity patterns. We compiled a large dataset containing 5969 observations of PSF from 202 studies to demonstrate the global patterns and drivers of PSF for woody and non-woody species. Overall, PSF was negative on average and was influenced by plant attributes and environmental settings. Woody species PSFs did not vary with latitude, but non-woody PSFs were more negative at higher latitudes. PSF was consistently more positive with increasing aridity for both woody and non-woody species, likely due to increased mutualistic microbes relative to soil-borne pathogens. These findings were consistent between field and greenhouse experiments, suggesting that PSF variation can be driven by soil legacies from climates. Our findings call for caution to use PSF as an explanation of the latitudinal diversity gradient and highlight that aridity can influence plant community dynamics and structure across broad scales through mediating plant-soil microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jonathan A Bennett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kerri M Crawford
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Johannes Heinze
- Department of Biodiversity, Heinz Sielmann Foundation, Wustermark (OT Elstal), Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Xucai Pu
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ao Luo
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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3
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Brian JI, Catford JA. A mechanistic framework of enemy release. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:2147-2166. [PMID: 37921034 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) is the best-known hypothesis explaining high performance (e.g. rapid population growth) of exotic species. However, the current framing of the ERH does not explicitly link evidence of enemy release with exotic performance. This leads to uncertainty regarding the role of enemy release in biological invasions. Here, we demonstrate that the effect of enemy release on exotic performance is the product of three factors: enemy impact, enemy diversity, and host adaptation. These factors are modulated by seven contexts: time since introduction, resource availability, phylogenetic relatedness of exotic and native species, host-enemy asynchronicity, number of introduction events, type of enemy, and strength of growth-defence trade-offs. ERH-focused studies frequently test different factors under different contexts. This can lead to inconsistent findings, which typifies current evidence for the ERH. For example, over 80% of meta-analyses fail to consider ecological contexts which can alter study findings; we demonstrate this by re-analysing a recent ERH synthesis. Structuring the ERH around factors and contexts promotes generalisable predictions about when and where exotic species may benefit from enemy release, empowering effective management. Our mechanistic factor-context framework clearly lays out the evidence required to support the ERH, unifies many enemy-related invasion hypotheses, and enhances predictive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Brian
- Department of Geography, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jane A Catford
- Department of Geography, King's College London, London, UK
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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4
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Ricks KD, Ricks NJ, Yannarell AC. Patterns of Plant Salinity Adaptation Depend on Interactions with Soil Microbes. Am Nat 2023; 202:276-287. [PMID: 37606945 DOI: 10.1086/725393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAs plant-microbe interactions are both ubiquitous and critical in shaping plant fitness, patterns of plant adaptation to their local environment may be influenced by these interactions. Identifying the contribution of soil microbes to plant adaptation may provide insight into the evolution of plant traits and their microbial symbioses. To this end, we assessed the contribution of soil microbes to plant salinity adaptation by growing 10 populations of Bromus tectorum, collected from habitats differing in their salinity, in the greenhouse under either high-salinity or nonsaline conditions and with or without soil microbial partners. Across two live soil inoculum treatments, we found evidence for adaptation of these populations to their home salinity environment. However, when grown in sterile soils, plants were slightly maladapted to their home salinity environment. As plants were on average more fit in sterile soils, pathogenic microbes may have been significant drivers of plant fitness herein. Consequently, we hypothesized that the plant fitness advantage in their home salinity may have been due to increased plant resistance to pathogenic attack in those salinity environments. Our results highlight that plant-microbe interactions may partially mediate patterns of plant adaptation as well as be important selective agents in plant evolution.
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Li X, Zhang Y, Kong FL, Naz M, Zhou JY, Qi SS, Dai ZC, Du DL. Invasive Plant Alternanthera philoxeroides Benefits More Competition Advantage from Rhizosphere Bacteria Regardless of the Host Source. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112085. [PMID: 37299065 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere plays a vital role in the exchange of materials in the soil-plant ecosystem, and rhizosphere microorganisms are crucial for plant growth and development. In this study, we isolated two strains of Pantoea rhizosphere bacteria separately from invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides and native A. sessilis. We conducted a control experiment to test the effects of these bacteria on the growth and competition of the two plant species using sterile seedlings. Our findings showed that the rhizobacteria strain isolated from A. sessilis significantly promoted the growth of invasive A. philoxeroides in monoculture compared to native A. sessilis. Both strains significantly enhanced the growth and competitiveness of invasive A. philoxeroides under competition conditions, regardless of their host source. Our study suggests that rhizosphere bacteria, including those from different host sources, can contribute to the invasion of A. philoxeroides by significantly enhancing its competitiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fang-Li Kong
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Misbah Naz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jian-Yu Zhou
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shan-Shan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhi-Cong Dai
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Dao-Lin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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6
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Florianová A, Hanzelková V, Drtinová L, Pánková H, Cajthaml T, Münzbergová Z. Plant-soil interactions in the native range of two congeneric species with contrasting invasive success. Oecologia 2023; 201:461-477. [PMID: 36745217 PMCID: PMC9945059 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare plant-soil interactions in the native range of two congeneric European species differing in their invasive success in the world: a globally invasive Cirsium vulgare and non-invasive C. oleraceum. We assessed changes in soil nutrients and soil biota following soil conditioning by each species and compared performance of plants grown in self-conditioned and unconditioned soil, from which all, some or no biota was excluded. The invasive species depleted more nutrients than the non-invasive species and coped better with altered nutrient levels. The invasive species had higher seedling establishment which benefited from the presence of unconditioned biota transferred by soil filtrate. Biomass of both species increased in soil with self-conditioned soil filtrate and decreased in soil with self-conditioned whole-soil inoculum compared to unconditioned filtrate and inoculum. However, the increase was smaller and the decrease greater for the invasive species. The invasive species allocated less biomass to roots when associated with harmful biota, reducing negative effects of the biota on its performance. The results show that in the native range the invasive species is more limited by self-conditioned pathogens and benefits more from unconditioned mutualists and thus may benefit more from loss of effectively specialized soil biota in a secondary range. Our study highlights the utility of detailed plant-soil feedback research in species native range for understanding factors regulating species performance in their native range and pinpointing the types of biota involved in their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Florianová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
| | - Věra Hanzelková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Drtinová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Pánková
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
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7
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Řezáčová V, Michalová T, Řezáč M, Gryndler M, Duell EB, Wilson GWT, Heneberg P. The root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages of exotic alien plants are simplified in invaded distribution ranges, but dominant species are retained: A trans-continental perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:732-741. [PMID: 35924424 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide crucial support for the establishment of plants in novel environments. We hypothesized that the OTU/genus richness and diversity of soil- and root-associated AMF associated with alien plant species in their exotic ranges are lower than those in their native ranges. We examined the root-associated and soil-dwelling AMF of 11 invasive plant species in their native and exotic ranges in the United States and Europe by DNA sequencing of the ITS2 locus. Examined root-associated AMF assemblages were simplified, which manifested as the loss of several AMF genera in the exotic ranges of the plants. These fungal assemblages were also characterized by greater dominance and simplification of the fungal assemblages. The dominant fungal genera were present regardless of whether their host plants were in their native or exotic ranges. Interestingly, both the native and invaded soils hosted diverse local AMF assemblages. Therefore, alien plant invasions were not limited to soils with low AMF diversity. Some AMF taxa could be context-dependent passengers rather than drivers of alien plant invasions. Further studies should identify functions of AMF missing or less abundant in roots of plants growing in exotic ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Řezáčová
- Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Michalová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Řezáč
- Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Gryndler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Eric B Duell
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Gail W T Wilson
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Wasyliw J, Fellrath EG, Pec GJ, Cale JA, Franklin J, Thomasson C, Erbilgin N, Karst J. Soil inoculation of lodgepole pine seedlings alters root‐associated fungal communities but does not improve seedling performance in beetle‐killed pine stands. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wasyliw
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - Evan G. Fellrath
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - Gregory J. Pec
- Biology Department University of Nebraska at Kearney Kearney Nebraska United States 68849
| | - Jonathan A. Cale
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - James Franklin
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - Charlotte Thomasson
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - Nadir Erbilgin
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
| | - Justine Karst
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E3
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9
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Garnica S, Liao Z, Hamard S, Waller F, Parepa M, Bossdorf O. Environmental stress determines the colonization and impact of an endophytic fungus on invasive knotweed. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02749-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere is increasing evidence that microbes play a key role in some plant invasions. A diverse and widespread but little understood group of plant-associated microbes are the fungal root endophytes of the order Sebacinales. They are associated with exotic populations of invasive knotweed (Reynoutria ssp.) in Europe, but their effects on the invaders are unknown. We used the recently isolated Sebacinales root endophyte Serendipita herbamans to experimentally inoculate invasive knotweed and study root colonisation and effects on knotweed growth under different environmental conditions. We verified the inoculation success and fungal colonisation through immunofluorescence microscopy and qPCR. We found that S. herbamans strongly colonized invasive knotweed in low-nutrient and shade environments, but much less under drought or benign conditions. At low nutrients, the endophyte had a positive effect on plant growth, whereas the opposite was true under shaded conditions. Our study demonstrates that the root endophyte S. herbamans has the potential to colonize invasive knotweed fine roots and impact its growth, and it could thus also play a role in natural populations. Our results also show that effects of fungal endophytes on plants can be strongly environment-dependent, and may only be visible under stressful environmental conditions.
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10
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Eppinga MB, Van der Putten WH, Bever JD. Plant-soil feedback as a driver of spatial structure in ecosystems. Phys Life Rev 2022; 40:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Pickett B, Carey CJ, Arogyaswamy K, Botthoff J, Maltz M, Catalán P, Aronson EL. Enriched root bacterial microbiome in invaded vs native ranges of the model grass allotetraploid Brachypodium hybridum. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInvasive species can shift the composition of key soil microbial groups, thus creating novel soil microbial communities. To better understand the biological drivers of invasion, we studied plant-microbial interactions in species of the Brachypodium distachyon complex, a model system for functional genomic studies of temperate grasses and bioenergy crops. While Brachypodium hybridum invasion in California is in an incipient stage, threatening natural and agricultural systems, its diploid progenitor species B. distachyon is not invasive in California. We investigated the root, soil, and rhizosphere bacterial composition of Brachypodium hybridum in both its native and invaded range, and of B. distachyon in the native range. We used high-throughput, amplicon sequencing to evaluate if the bacteria associated with these plants differ, and whether biotic controls may be driving B. hybridum invasion. Bacterial community composition of B. hybridum differed based on provenance (native or invaded range) for root, rhizosphere, and bulk soils, as did the abundance of dominant bacterial taxa. Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Bacillus spp. (species) were significantly more abundant in B. hybridum roots from the invaded range, whereas Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Erwinia and Pseudomonas were more abundant in the native range roots. Brachypodium hybridum forms novel biotic interactions with a diverse suite of rhizosphere microbes from the invaded range, which may not exert a similar influence within its native range, ostensibly contributing to B. hybridum’s invasiveness. These associated plant microbiomes could inform future management approaches for B. hybridum in its invaded range and could be key to understanding, predicting, and preventing future plant invasions.
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12
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Belowground feedbacks as drivers of spatial self-organization and community assembly. Phys Life Rev 2021; 38:1-24. [PMID: 34334324 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation patterning in water-limited and other resource-limited ecosystems highlights spatial self-organization processes as potentially key drivers of community assembly. These processes provide insight into predictable landscape-level relationships between organisms and their abiotic environment in the form of regular and irregular patterns of biota and resources. However, two aspects have largely been overlooked; the roles played by plant - soil-biota feedbacks and allelopathy in spatial self-organization, and their potential contribution, along with plant-resource feedbacks, to community assembly through spatial self-organization. Here, we expand the drivers of spatial self-organization from a focus on plant-resource feedbacks to include plant - soil-biota feedbacks and allelopathy, and integrate concepts of nonlinear physics and community ecology to generate a new hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, below-ground processes can affect community assemblages through two types of spatial self-organization, global and local. The former occurs simultaneously across whole ecosystems, leading to self-organized patterns of biota, allelochemicals and resources, and niche partitioning. The latter occurs locally in ecotones, and determines ecotone structure and motion, invasion dynamics, and species coexistence. Studies of the two forms of spatial self-organization are important for understanding the organization of plant communities in drier climates which are likely to involve spatial patterning or re-patterning. Such studies are also important for developing new practices of ecosystem management, based on local manipulations at ecotones, to slow invasion dynamics or induce transitions from transitive to intransitive networks of interspecific interactions which increase species diversity.
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13
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Dieskau J, Bruelheide H, Gutknecht J, Erfmeier A. Biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships contribute to the exotic range expansion of Verbascum thapsus. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:13057-13070. [PMID: 33304516 PMCID: PMC7713913 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic plant species can evolve adaptations to environmental conditions in the exotic range. Furthermore, soil biota can foster exotic spread in the absence of negative soil pathogen-plant interactions or because of increased positive soil biota-plant feedbacks in the exotic range. Little is known, however, about the evolutionary dimension of plant-soil biota interactions when comparing native and introduced ranges.To assess the role of soil microbes for rapid evolution in plant invasion, we subjected Verbascum thapsus, a species native to Europe, to a reciprocal transplant experiment with soil and seed material originating from Germany (native) and New Zealand (exotic). Soil samples were treated with biocides to distinguish between effects of soil fungi and bacteria. Seedlings from each of five native and exotic populations were transplanted into soil biota communities originating from all populations and subjected to treatments of soil biota reduction: application of (a) fungicide, (b) biocide, (c) a combination of the two, and (d) control.For most of the investigated traits, native populations showed higher performance than exotic populations; there was no effect of soil biota origin. However, plants developed longer leaves and larger rosettes when treated with their respective home soil communities, indicating that native and exotic plant populations differed in their interaction with soil biota origin. The absence of fungi and bacteria resulted in a higher specific root length, suggesting that V. thapsus may compensate the absence of mutualistic microbes by increasing its root-soil surface contact. Synthesis. Introduced plants can evolve adaptations to soil biota in their new distribution range. This demonstrates the importance of biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships and suggests that future studies addressing evolutionary divergence should account for differential effects of soil biota from the home and exotic range on native and exotic populations of successful plant invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dieskau
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Jessica Gutknecht
- Department of Soil, Water, and ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaTwin CitiesMNUSA
| | - Alexandra Erfmeier
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute for Ecosystem ResearchKiel UniversityKielGermany
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14
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Lucero JE, Arab NM, Meyer ST, Pal RW, Fletcher RA, Nagy DU, Callaway RM, Weisser WW. Escape from natural enemies depends on the enemies, the invader, and competition. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10818-10828. [PMID: 33072298 PMCID: PMC7548199 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) attributes the success of some exotic plant species to reduced top‐down effects of natural enemies in the non‐native range relative to the native range. Many studies have tested this idea, but very few have considered the simultaneous effects of multiple kinds of enemies on more than one invasive species in both the native and non‐native ranges. Here, we examined the effects of two important groups of natural enemies–insect herbivores and soil biota–on the performance of Tanacetum vulgare (native to Europe but invasive in the USA) and Solidago canadensis (native to the USA but invasive in Europe) in their native and non‐native ranges, and in the presence and absence of competition. In the field, we replicated full‐factorial experiments that crossed insecticide, T. vulgare–S. canadensis competition, and biogeographic range (Europe vs. USA) treatments. In greenhouses, we replicated full‐factorial experiments that crossed soil sterilization, plant–soil feedback, and biogeographic range treatments. We evaluated the effects of experimental treatments on T. vulgare and S. canadensis biomass. The effects of natural enemies were idiosyncratic. In the non‐native range and relative to populations in the native range, T. vulgare escaped the negative effects of insect herbivores but not soil biota, depending upon the presence of S. canadensis; and S. canadensis escaped the negative effects of soil biota but not insect herbivores, regardless of competition. Thus, biogeographic escape from natural enemies depended upon the enemies, the invader, and competition.
Synthesis: By explicitly testing the ERH in terms of more than one kind of enemy, more than one invader, and more than one continent, this study enhances our nuanced perspective of how natural enemies can influence the performance of invasive species in their native and non‐native ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nafiseh Mahdavi Arab
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | - Sebastian T Meyer
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | - Robert W Pal
- Department of Biological Sciences Montana Technological University Butte MT USA.,Institute of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Pecs Pecs Hungary
| | - Rebecca A Fletcher
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - David U Nagy
- Institute of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Pecs Pecs Hungary
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Divison of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | - Wolfgang W Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
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15
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Zhang Z, Liu Y, Brunel C, van Kleunen M. Soil-microorganism-mediated invasional meltdown in plants. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1612-1621. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Wilschut RA, Magnée KJH, Geisen S, van der Putten WH, Kostenko O. Plant population and soil origin effects on rhizosphere nematode community composition of a range-expanding plant species and a native congener. Oecologia 2020; 194:237-250. [PMID: 33009940 PMCID: PMC7561541 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04749-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Climate change causes species range expansions to higher latitudes and altitudes. It is expected that, due to differences in dispersal abilities between plants and soil biota, range-expanding plant species will become associated with a partly new belowground community in their expanded range. Theory on biological invasions predicts that outside their native range, range-expanding plant species may be released from specialist natural enemies, leading to the evolution of enhanced defence against generalist enemies. Here we tested the hypothesis that expanded range populations of the range-expanding plant species Centaurea stoebe accumulate fewer root-feeding nematodes than populations from the original range. Moreover, we examined whether Centaurea stoebe accumulates fewer root-feeding nematodes in expanded range soil than in original range soil. We grew plants from three expanded range and three original range populations of C. stoebe in soil from the original and from the new range. We compared nematode communities of C. stoebe with those of C. jacea, a congeneric species native to both ranges. Our results show that expanded range populations of C. stoebe did not accumulate fewer root-feeding nematodes than populations from the original range, but that C. stoebe, unlike C. jacea, accumulated fewest root-feeding nematodes in expanded range soil. Moreover, when we examined other nematode feeding groups, we found intra-specific plant population effects on all these groups. We conclude that range-expanding plant populations from the expanded range were not better defended against root-feeding nematodes than populations from the original range, but that C. stoebe might experience partial belowground enemy release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A Wilschut
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, The Netherlands.
| | - Kim J H Magnée
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Geisen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - W H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - O Kostenko
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Montesinos D, Callaway RM. Soil origin corresponds with variation in growth of an invasive Centaurea, but not of non-invasive congeners. Ecology 2020; 101:e03141. [PMID: 32722846 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Why only a small proportion of exotic species become invasive is an unresolved question. Escape from the negative effects of soil biota in the native range can be important for the success of many invasives, but comparative effects of soil biota on less successful exotic species are poorly understood. Studies of other mechanisms suggest that such comparisons might be fruitful. Seeds of three closely related Centaurea species with overlapping distributions in both their native range of Spain and their nonnative range of California were grown to maturity in pots to obtain an F1 generation of full sibling seeds with reduced maternal effects. Full sibling F1 seeds from both ranges were subsequently grown in pots with inoculations of soil from either the native or nonnative ranges in a fully orthogonal factorial design. We then compared plant biomass among species, regions, and soil sources. Our results indicate that escape from soil pathogens may unleash the highly invasive Centaurea solstitialis, which was suppressed by native Spanish soils but not by soils from California. In contrast, the two non-invasive Centaurea species grew the same on all soils. These results add unprecedented phylogenetically controlled insight into why some species invade and others do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Montesinos
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, McGregor Road, Smithfield, Queensland, 4878, Australia.,Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, 3000, Portugal
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA
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18
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Yin L, Liu B, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang S, Jiang F, Ren Y, Liu H, Liu C, Wan F, Wang H, Qian W, Fan W. The Rhizosphere Microbiome of Mikania micrantha Provides Insight Into Adaptation and Invasion. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1462. [PMID: 32733410 PMCID: PMC7359623 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mikania micrantha is a noxious invasive plant causing enormous economic losses and ecological damage. Soil microbiome plays an important role in the invasion process of M. micrantha, while little is known about its rhizosphere microbiome composition and function. In this study, we identified the distinct rhizosphere microbial communities of M. micrantha, by comparing them with those of two coexisting native plants (Polygonum chinense and Paederia scandens) and the bulk soils, using metagenomics data from field sampling and pot experiment. As a result, the enrichment of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria Pseudomonas and Enterobacter was consistent with the increased soil available phosphorus in M. micrantha rhizosphere. Furthermore, the pathogens of Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia solanacearum and pathogenic genes of type III secretion system (T3SS) were observed to be less abundant in M. micrantha rhizosphere, which might be attributed to the enrichment of biocontrol bacteria Catenulispora, Pseudomonas, and Candidatus Entotheonella and polyketide synthase (PKS) genes involved in synthesizing antibiotics and polyketides to inhibit pathogens. These findings collectively suggested that the enrichment of microbes involved in nutrient acquisition and pathogen suppression in the rhizosphere of M. micrantha largely enhances its adaptation and invasion to various environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Yin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms of Guangdong Province, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hengchao Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Ren
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hangwei Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haihong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms of Guangdong Province, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqiang Qian
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Adu-Oppong B, Mangan SA, Stein C, Catano CP, Myers JA, Dantas G. Prairie plants harbor distinct and beneficial root-endophytic bacterial communities. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234537. [PMID: 32574172 PMCID: PMC7310688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback studies attempt to understand the interplay between composition of plant and soil microbial communities. A growing body of literature suggests that plant species can coexist when they interact with a subset of the soil microbial community that impacts plant performance. Most studies focus on the microbial community in the soil rhizosphere; therefore, the degree to which the bacterial community within plant roots (root-endophytic compartment) influences plant-microbe interactions remains relatively unknown. To determine if there is an interaction between conspecific vs heterospecific soil microbes and plant performance, we sequenced root-endophytic bacterial communities of five tallgrass-prairie plant species, each reciprocally grown with soil microbes from each hosts' soil rhizosphere. We found evidence of plant-soil feedbacks for some pairs of plant hosts; however, the strength and direction of feedbacks varied substantially across plant species pairs-from positive to negative feedbacks. Additionally, each plant species harbored a unique subset of root-endophytic bacteria. Conspecifics that hosted similar bacterial communities were more similar in biomass than individuals that hosted different bacterial communities, suggesting an important functional link between root-endophytic bacterial community composition and plant fitness. Our findings suggest a connection between an understudied component of the root-endophytic microbiome and plant performance, which may have important implications in understanding plant community composition and coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boahemaa Adu-Oppong
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott A. Mangan
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Claudia Stein
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Christopher P. Catano
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A. Myers
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gautam Dantas
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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20
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Kiswaga SAS, Mbwambo JR, Shirima D, Mndolwa AS, Schaffner U, Eschen R. More widespread alien tree species do not have larger impacts on regeneration of native tree species in a tropical forest reserve. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:5034-5044. [PMID: 32551079 PMCID: PMC7297787 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There is insufficient information regarding the factors affecting the environmental impacts of alien species. In particular, little is known about whether there is any relationship between the invasiveness (establishment and spread) of an introduced species and its per capita impact. We experimentally assessed the relationship between the extent of spread of up to 29 alien plant species and their impact on recruitment of native tree species in Amani Botanical Garden, Tanzania. We also studied the effects of allelochemicals of selected alien on native plant species to assess potential mechanisms of impact. We found no relationship between the extent of spread of an alien tree species and their impact on seed germination, seedling survival, and seedling communities of native trees in their understory, and no indication that allelochemicals consistently explain their effects on recruitment of the studied species. These results suggest that extent of spread cannot be used as a proxy for impact. Hence, managers should continue assessing both the spread and the impact of alien species when prioritizing alien species for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Aman Samson Kiswaga
- Department of Ecosystems and ConservationCollege of ForestryWildlife and TourismSokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania
- Tanzania Wildlife AuthorityMorogoroTanzania
| | | | - Deo Shirima
- Department of Ecosystems and ConservationCollege of ForestryWildlife and TourismSokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania
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21
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Aldorfová A, Knobová P, Münzbergová Z. Plant–soil feedback contributes to predicting plant invasiveness of 68 alien plant species differing in invasive status. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aldorfová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Knobová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
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22
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Habitat provided by native species facilitates higher abundances of an invader in its introduced compared to native range. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6385. [PMID: 32286466 PMCID: PMC7156459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts invasive species have on biodiversity and ecosystem function globally have been linked to the higher abundances they often obtain in their introduced compared to native ranges. Higher abundances of invaders in the introduced range are often explained by a reduction in negative species interactions in that range, although results are equivocal. The role of positive interactions in explaining differences in the abundance of invaders between native and invasive ranges has not been tested. Using biogeographic surveys, we showed that the rocky shore porcelain crab, Petrolisthes elongatus, was ~4 times more abundant in its introduced (Tasmania, Australia) compared to its native (New Zealand) range. The habitat of these crabs in the invaded range (underside of intertidal boulders) was extensively covered with the habitat-forming tubeworm Galeolaria caespitosa. We tested whether the habitat provided by the tubeworm facilitates a higher abundance of the invasive crab by creating mimics of boulders with and without the tubeworm physical structure and measured crab colonisation into these habitats at three sites in both Tasmania and New Zealand. Adding the tubeworm structure increased crab abundance by an average of 85% across all sites in both ranges. Our intercontinental biogeographic survey and experiment demonstrate that native species can facilitate invader abundance and that positive interactions can be important drivers of invasion success.
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23
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Manrubia M, van der Putten WH, Weser C, Veen C(GF. Rhizosphere and litter feedbacks to range-expanding plant species and related natives. THE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2020; 108:353-365. [PMID: 32699431 PMCID: PMC7363160 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) results from the net legacy effect that plants leave in the composition of soil communities and abiotic soil properties. PSF is induced by the rhizosphere and by litter inputs into the soil, however, we have little understanding of their individual contributions. Here, we examine feedback effects from the rhizosphere of living plants, decomposing litter and their combination.We used four pairs of climate warming-induced range-expanding plant species and congeneric natives, and examined PSF effects on plant biomass production, as well as on decomposition in their new range.We tested the hypothesis that the plant rhizosphere provides less negative feedback to range-expanders than to the congeneric natives, and that feedback mediated by litter decomposition does not provide such a difference because decomposers might be less specialized than pathogens. To determine PSF, we used soil from the congener species within each pair as an 'away' soil to indicate whether range-expanders may have lost their specialized soil biota upon arrival in the novel range.Our results show that although range-expanding plant species and their congeneric natives developed neutral PSF in both rhizosphere- and litter-conditioned soils, two of the four range-expanders produced more biomass than natives in soils conditioned by litter, that is, soils with high nutrient content. Shoot litter from two out of four range-expanding species decomposed more than that of natives, but decomposition was unaffected by soil conditioning. Synthesis. We compared PSF effects of range-expanders and congeneric natives mediated via both the rhizosphere and litter using the congeneric species as a control. Under those conditions, PSF effects were neutral and not affected by plant origin. Therefore, we conclude that studies not comparing within plant genera may overestimate the impact of plant origin on PSF. Still, even under those conditions range-expanders appeared to benefit more from high soil nutrient availability than natives, thus providing a possible advantage over congeneric natives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Manrubia
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wim H. van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen University and Research CentreWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Carolin Weser
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ciska (G. F.) Veen
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
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24
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Fang K, Chen L, Zhou J, Yang ZP, Dong XF, Zhang HB. Plant-soil-foliage feedbacks on seed germination and seedling growth of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191520. [PMID: 31822255 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Some exotic plants become invasive because they partially release from soil-borne enemies and thus benefit from positive plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) in the introduced range. However, reports that have focused only on PSFs may exaggerate the invader's competitiveness. Here, we conducted three experiments to characterize plant-soil-foliage feedbacks, including mature leaves (ML), leaf litter (LL), rhizosphere soil (RS) and leaves plus soil (LS), on the early growth stages of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. In general, the feedbacks from aboveground (ML, LL) adversely affected A. adenophora by delaying germination time, inhibiting germination rate and reducing seedling growth. The increased invasion history exacerbated the adverse effects of LL and LS feedbacks on seedling growth. These adverse effects were partially contributed by more abundant fungi (e.g. Didymella) or/and more virulent fungi (e.g. Fusarium) developed in the aboveground part of A. adenophora during the invasion. Interestingly, the aboveground adverse effects can be weakened by microbes from RSs. Our novel findings emphasize the important role of aboveground feedbacks in the evaluation of plant invasiveness, and their commonness and significance remain to be explored in other invasive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Fan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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25
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Pizano C, Kitajima K, Graham JH, Mangan SA. Negative plant-soil feedbacks are stronger in agricultural habitats than in forest fragments in the tropical Andes. Ecology 2019; 100:e02850. [PMID: 31351010 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is now strong evidence suggesting that interactions between plants and their species-specific antagonistic microbes can maintain native plant community diversity. In contrast, the decay in diversity in plant communities invaded by nonnative plant species might be caused by weakening negative feedback strengths, perhaps because of the increased relative importance of plant mutualists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Although the vast majority of studies examining plant-soil feedbacks have been conducted in a single habitat type, there are fewer studies that have tested how the strength and direction of these feedbacks change across habitats with differing dominating plants. In a fragmented montane agricultural system in Colombia, we experimentally teased apart the relative importance of AMF and non-AMF microbes (a microbial filtrate) to the strength and direction of feedbacks in both native and nonnative plant species. We hypothesized that native tree species of forest fragments would exhibit stronger negative feedbacks with a microbial filtrate that likely contained pathogens than with AMF alone, whereas nonnative plant species, especially a highly invasive dominant grass, would exhibit overall weaker negative feedbacks or even positive feedbacks regardless of the microbial type. We reciprocally inoculated each of 10 plant species separately with either the AMF community or the microbial filtrate originating from their own conspecifics, or with the AMF or microbial filtrate originating from each of the other nine heterospecific plant species. Overall, we found that the strength of negative feedback mediated by the filtrate was much stronger than feedbacks mediated by AMF. Surprisingly, we found that the two nonnative species, Urochloa brizantha and Coffea arabica, experienced stronger negative feedbacks with microbial filtrate than did the native forest tree species, suggesting that species-specific antagonistic microbes accumulate when a single host species dominates, as is the case in agricultural habitats. However, negative feedback between forest trees and agricultural species suggests that soil community dynamics may contribute to the re-establishment of native species into abandoned agricultural lands. Furthermore, our finding of no negative feedbacks among trees in forest fragments may be due to a loss in diversity of those microbes that drive diversity-maintaining processes in intact tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pizano
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.,Biología de la Conservación, Cenicafé, Km4 vía antigua, Chinchiná-Manizales, Colombia
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
| | - James H Graham
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, Florida, 33850, USA
| | - Scott A Mangan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama.,Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
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26
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Abgrall C, Forey E, Chauvat M. Soil fauna responses to invasive alien plants are determined by trophic groups and habitat structure: a global meta‐analysis. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Estelle Forey
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, IRSTEA, ECODIV FR‐76000 Rouen France
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27
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DeBellis T, Kembel SW, Lessard JP. Shared mycorrhizae but distinct communities of other root-associated microbes on co-occurring native and invasive maples. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7295. [PMID: 31392089 PMCID: PMC6677121 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological invasions are major drivers of environmental change that can significantly alter ecosystem function and diversity. In plants, soil microbes play an important role in plant establishment and growth; however, relatively little is known about the role they might play in biological invasions. A first step to assess whether root microbes may be playing a role in the invasion process is to find out if invasive plants host different microbes than neighbouring native plant species. METHODS In this study we investigated differences in root associated microbes of native sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and exotic Norway maple (A. platanoides L.) collected from a forested reserve in eastern Canada. We used microscopy to examine root fungi and high-throughput sequencing to characterize the bacterial, fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal communities of both maple species over one growing season. RESULTS We found differences in root associated bacterial and fungal communities between host species. Norway maple had a higher bacterial and fungal OTU (operational taxonomic units) richness compared to sugar maple, and the indicator species analysis revealed that nine fungal OTUs and three bacterial OTUs had a significant preference for sugar maple. The dominant bacterial phyla found on the roots of both maple species were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. The most common fungal orders associated with the Norway maple roots (in descending order) were Helotiales, Agaricales, Pleosporales, Hypocreales, Trechisporales while the Agaricales, Pleosporales, Helotiales, Capnodiales and Hypocreales were the dominant orders present in the sugar maple roots. Dark septate fungi colonization levels were higher in the sugar maple, but no differences in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and colonization rates were detected between maple species. DISCUSSION Our findings show that two congeneric plant species grown in close proximity can harbor distinct root microbial communities. These findings provide further support for the importance of plant species in structuring root associated microbe communities. The high colonization levels observed in Norway maple demonstrates its compatibility with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the introduced range. Plant-associated microbial communities can affect host fitness and function in many ways; therefore, the observed differences suggest a possibility that biotic interactions can influence the dynamics between native and invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia DeBellis
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dawson College, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steven W. Kembel
- Département des sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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28
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Wróbel A, Crone EE, Zwolak R. Differential impacts of soil microbes on native and co‐occurring invasive tree species. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wróbel
- Department of Systematic Zoology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
| | | | - Rafał Zwolak
- Department of Systematic Zoology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland
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29
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Schreiber SJ, Yamamichi M, Strauss SY. When rarity has costs: coexistence under positive frequency‐dependence and environmental stochasticity. Ecology 2019; 100:e02664. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. Schreiber
- Department of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Population Biology University of California Davis California 95616 USA
| | - Masato Yamamichi
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University Otsu Shiga 520‐2113 Japan
| | - Sharon Y. Strauss
- Department of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Population Biology University of California Davis California 95616 USA
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30
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Kandlikar GS, Johnson CA, Yan X, Kraft NJB, Levine JM. Winning and losing with microbes: how microbially mediated fitness differences influence plant diversity. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1178-1191. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav S. Kandlikar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | - Xinyi Yan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Nathan J. B. Kraft
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Jonathan M. Levine
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ USA
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31
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Xiao S, Atwater DZ, Callaway RM. Integrating spatial structure and interspecific and intraspecific plant–soil feedback effects and responses into community structure. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro‐Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou Univ CN‐730000 Lanzhou PR China
| | - Daniel Z. Atwater
- Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, Univ. of Montana Missoula MT USA
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32
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Wilschut RA, van der Putten WH, Garbeva P, Harkes P, Konings W, Kulkarni P, Martens H, Geisen S. Root traits and belowground herbivores relate to plant-soil feedback variation among congeners. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1564. [PMID: 30952863 PMCID: PMC6450911 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant–soil feedbacks contribute to vegetation dynamics by species-specific interactions between plants and soil biota. Variation in plant–soil feedbacks can be predicted by root traits, successional position, and plant nativeness. However, it is unknown whether closely related plant species develop more similar plant–soil feedbacks than more distantly related species. Where previous comparisons included plant species from distant phylogenetic positions, we studied plant–soil feedbacks of congeneric species. Using eight intra-continentally range-expanding and native Geranium species, we tested relations between phylogenetic distances, chemical and structural root traits, root microbiomes, and plant–soil feedbacks. We show that root chemistry and specific root length better predict bacterial and fungal community composition than phylogenetic distance. Negative plant–soil feedback strength correlates with root-feeding nematode numbers, whereas microbiome dissimilarity, nativeness, or phylogeny does not predict plant–soil feedbacks. We conclude that root microbiome variation among congeners is best explained by root traits, and that root-feeding nematode abundances predict plant–soil feedbacks. Most studies of plant–soil feedbacks and associated traits look at remotely-related species. Here the authors look at congeners, and show that nematode-driven plant–soil feedbacks depend on root chemical and morphological traits, independent of phylogenetic distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A Wilschut
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Harkes
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Konings
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Purva Kulkarni
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 50, Droevendaalsesteeg, 106700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Martens
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, Droevendaalsesteeg, 16700 ES, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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33
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Lu-Irving P, Harenčár JG, Sounart H, Welles SR, Swope SM, Baltrus DA, Dlugosch KM. Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria. mSphere 2019; 4:e00088-19. [PMID: 30842267 PMCID: PMC6403453 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00088-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive species could benefit from being introduced to locations with more favorable species interactions, including the loss of enemies, the gain of mutualists, or the simplification of complex interaction networks. Microbiomes are an important source of species interactions with strong fitness effects on multicellular organisms, and these interactions are known to vary across regions. The highly invasive plant yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) has been shown to experience more favorable microbial interactions in its invasions of the Americas, but the microbiome that must contribute to this variation in interactions is unknown. We sequenced amplicons of 16S rRNA genes to characterize bacterial community compositions in the phyllosphere, ectorhizosphere, and endorhizosphere of yellow starthistle plants from seven invading populations in California, USA, and eight native populations in Europe. We tested for the differentiation of microbiomes by geography, plant compartment, and plant genotype. Bacterial communities differed significantly between native and invading plants within plant compartments, with consistently lower diversity in the microbiome of invading plants. The diversity of bacteria in roots was positively correlated with plant genotype diversity within both ranges, but this relationship did not explain microbiome differences between ranges. Our results reveal that these invading plants are experiencing either a simplified microbial environment or simplified microbial interactions as a result of the dominance of a few taxa within their microbiome. Our findings highlight several alternative hypotheses for the sources of variation that we observe in invader microbiomes and the potential for altered bacterial interactions to facilitate invasion success.IMPORTANCE Previous studies have found that introduced plants commonly experience more favorable microbial interactions in their non-native range, suggesting that changes to the microbiome could be an important contributor to invasion success. Little is known about microbiome variation across native and invading populations, however, and the potential sources of more favorable interactions are undescribed. Here, we report one of the first microbiome comparisons of plants from multiple native and invading populations, in the noxious weed yellow starthistle. We identify clear differences in composition and diversity of microbiome bacteria. Our findings raise new questions about the sources of these differences, and we outline the next generation of research that will be required to connect microbiome variation to its potential role in plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Lu-Irving
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Evolutionary Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julia G Harenčár
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Hailey Sounart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Biology, Mills College, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Shana R Welles
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sarah M Swope
- Department of Biology, Mills College, Oakland, California, USA
| | - David A Baltrus
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Katrina M Dlugosch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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34
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Yang Q, Ding J, Siemann E. Biogeographic variation of distance‐dependent effects in an invasive tree species. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystems, School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jianqing Ding
- School of Life Sciences Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Evan Siemann
- Department of Biosciences Rice University Houston Texas
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35
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Gundale MJ, Wardle DA, Kardol P, Nilsson MC. Comparison of plant-soil feedback experimental approaches for testing soil biotic interactions among ecosystems. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:577-587. [PMID: 30067296 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of interactions and feedbacks between plants and soils is a rapidly expanding research area, and a primary tool used in this field is to perform glasshouse experiments where soil biota are manipulated. Recently, there has been vigorous debate regarding the correctness of methods for carrying out these types of experiment, and specifically whether it is legitimate to mix soils from different sites or plots (mixed soil sampling, MSS) or not (independent soil sampling, ISS) to create either soil inoculum treatments or subjects. We performed the first empirical comparison of MSS vs ISS approaches by comparing growth of two boreal tree species (Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris) in soils originating from 10 sites near the boreal forest limit in northern Sweden, and 10 sites in the subarctic region where boreal forests may potentially expand as a result of climate change. We found no consistent differences in the conclusions that we reached whether we used MSS or ISS approaches. We propose that researchers should not choose a soil handling method based on arguments that one method is inherently more correct than the other, but rather that method choice should be based on correct alignment with specific research questions and goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Gundale
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901-83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David A Wardle
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901-83, Umeå, Sweden
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901-83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marie-Charlotte Nilsson
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901-83, Umeå, Sweden
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36
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Enemy of my enemy: evidence for variable soil biota feedbacks of Vincetoxicum rossicum on native plants. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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37
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Robakowski P, Bielinis E, Sendall K. Light energy partitioning, photosynthetic efficiency and biomass allocation in invasive Prunus serotina and native Quercus petraea in relation to light environment, competition and allelopathy. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2018; 131:505-523. [PMID: 29417301 PMCID: PMC5916994 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-018-1009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study addressed whether competition under different light environments was reflected by changes in leaf absorbed light energy partitioning, photosynthetic efficiency, relative growth rate and biomass allocation in invasive and native competitors. Additionally, a potential allelopathic effect of mulching with invasive Prunus serotina leaves on native Quercus petraea growth and photosynthesis was tested. The effect of light environment on leaf absorbed light energy partitioning and photosynthetic characteristics was more pronounced than the effects of interspecific competition and allelopathy. The quantum yield of PSII of invasive P. serotina increased in the presence of a competitor, indicating a higher plasticity in energy partitioning for the invasive over the native Q. petraea, giving it a competitive advantage. The most striking difference between the two study species was the higher crown-level net CO2 assimilation rates (Acrown) of P. serotina compared with Q. petraea. At the juvenile life stage, higher relative growth rate and higher biomass allocation to foliage allowed P. serotina to absorb and use light energy for photosynthesis more efficiently than Q. petraea. Species-specific strategies of growth, biomass allocation, light energy partitioning and photosynthetic efficiency varied with the light environment and gave an advantage to the invader over its native competitor in competition for light. However, higher biomass allocation to roots in Q. petraea allows for greater belowground competition for water and nutrients as compared to P. serotina. This niche differentiation may compensate for the lower aboveground competitiveness of the native species and explain its ability to co-occur with the invasive competitor in natural forest settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Robakowski
- Department of Forestry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71E St., 60-625, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ernest Bielinis
- Department of Forestry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71E St., 60-625, Poznan, Poland
- Unit of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, PL Lodzki 2, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kerrie Sendall
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 8042, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA
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38
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Kulmatiski A. Community-level plant-soil feedbacks explain landscape distribution of native and non-native plants. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:2041-2049. [PMID: 29468023 PMCID: PMC5817120 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) have gained attention for their potential role in explaining plant growth and invasion. While promising, most PSF research has measured plant monoculture growth on different soils in short-term, greenhouse experiments. Here, five soil types were conditioned by growing one native species, three non-native species, or a mixed plant community in different plots in a common-garden experiment. After 4 years, plants were removed and one native and one non-native plant community were planted into replicate plots of each soil type. After three additional years, the percentage cover of each of the three target species in each community was measured. These data were used to parameterize a plant community growth model. Model predictions were compared to native and non-native abundance on the landscape. Native community cover was lowest on soil conditioned by the dominant non-native, Centaurea diffusa, and non-native community cover was lowest on soil cultivated by the dominant native, Pseudoroegneria spicata. Consistent with plant growth on the landscape, the plant growth model predicted that the positive PSFs observed in the common-garden experiment would result in two distinct communities on the landscape: a native plant community on native soils and a non-native plant community on non-native soils. In contrast, when PSF effects were removed, the model predicted that non-native plants would dominate all soils, which was not consistent with plant growth on the landscape. Results provide an example where PSF effects were large enough to change the rank-order abundance of native and non-native plant communities and to explain plant distributions on the landscape. The positive PSFs that contributed to this effect reflected the ability of the two dominant plant species to suppress each other's growth. Results suggest that plant dominance, at least in this system, reflects the ability of a species to suppress the growth of dominant competitors through soil-mediated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kulmatiski
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUTUSA
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39
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Bukowski AR, Schittko C, Petermann JS. The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:2280-2289. [PMID: 29468043 PMCID: PMC5817124 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the processes that may play a key role in plant species coexistence and ecosystem functioning is plant-soil feedback, the effect of plants on associated soil communities and the resulting feedback on plant performance. Plant-soil feedback at the interspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different species) has been studied extensively, while plant-soil feedback at the intraspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different accessions within a species) has only recently gained attention. Very few studies have investigated the direction and strength of feedback among different taxonomic levels, and initial results have been inconclusive, discussing phylogeny, and morphology as possible determinants. To test our hypotheses that the strength of negative feedback on plant performance increases with increasing taxonomic level and that this relationship is explained by morphological similarities, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using species assigned to three taxonomic levels (intraspecific, interspecific, and functional group level). We measured certain fitness-related aboveground traits and used them along literature-derived traits to determine the influence of morphological similarities on the strength and direction of the feedback. We found that the average strength of negative feedback increased from the intraspecific over the interspecific to the functional group level. However, individual accessions and species differed in the direction and strength of the feedback. None of our results could be explained by morphological dissimilarities or individual traits. Synthesis. Our results indicate that negative plant-soil feedback is stronger if the involved plants belong to more distantly related species. We conclude that the taxonomic level is an important factor in the maintenance of plant coexistence with plant-soil feedback as a potential stabilizing mechanism and should be addressed explicitly in coexistence research, while the traits considered here seem to play a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Conrad Schittko
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyBiodiversity Research/Systematic BotanyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
| | - Jana S. Petermann
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
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40
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Lankau RA, Keymer DP. Simultaneous adaptation and maladaptation of tree populations to local rhizosphere microbial communities at different taxonomic scales. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:1267-1278. [PMID: 29206295 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant populations are often adapted to their local conditions, but the specific selective forces creating this adaptation are often unclear. All plants interact with diverse microbial communities, but we know little about how these microbial communities as a whole shape the evolutionary trajectory of plant populations. We tested whether tree populations were adapted or maladapted to their local rhizosphere microbial communities by growing seedlings sourced from multiple locations with soil microbial communities from all locations in a fully reciprocal design, using seedling growth as a proxy for fitness. In addition, we compared the microbial composition of the experimental inocula with that of the communities we detected associating with naturally occurring trees at the seedling source populations. We found that seedlings grew similarly when inoculated with local vs foreign microbial communities, but this neutral response derived from conflicting patterns - plant populations appeared to be adapted to the presence or absence of whole taxonomic groups in their local microbial community, but were simultaneously maladapted to the particular microbial populations present in their local site. As rapid climate change and other factors push tree populations into new areas, the successful establishment of seedlings may depend critically on the balance between the novelty and familiarity of the microbial communities they encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Lankau
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Daniel P Keymer
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30606, USA
- College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
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41
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Mycorrhizal associations and the spatial structure of an old-growth forest community. Oecologia 2017; 186:195-204. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-3987-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Pizano C, Mangan SA, Graham JH, Kitajima K. Host-specific effects of soil microbial filtrates prevail over those of arbuscular mycorrhizae in a fragmented landscape. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1946-1957. [PMID: 28556511 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil interactions have been shown to determine plant community composition in a wide range of environments. However, how plants distinctly interact with beneficial and detrimental organisms across mosaic landscapes containing fragmented habitats is still poorly understood. We experimentally tested feedback responses between plants and soil microbial communities from adjacent habitats across a disturbance gradient within a human-modified tropical montane landscape. In a greenhouse experiment, two components of soil microbial communities were amplified; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and a filtrate excluding AMF spores from the soils of pastures (high disturbance), coffee plantations (intermediate disturbance), and forest fragments (low disturbance), using potted seedlings of 11 plant species common in these habitats (pasture grass, coffee, and nine native species). We then examined their effects on growth of these same 11 host species with reciprocal habitat inoculation. Most plant species received a similar benefit from AMF, but differed in their response to the filtrates from the three habitats. Soil filtrate from pastures had a net negative effect on plant growth, while filtrates from coffee plantations and forests had a net positive effect on plant growth. Pasture grass, coffee, and five pioneer tree species performed better with the filtrate from "away" (where these species rarely occur) compared to "home" (where these species typically occur) habitat soils, while four shade-tolerant tree species grew similarly with filtrates from different habitats. These results suggest that pastures accumulate species-specific soil enemies, while coffee plantations and forests accumulate beneficial soil microbes that benefit pioneer native plants and coffee, respectively. Thus, compared to AMF, soil filtrates exerted stronger habitat and host-specific effects on plants, being more important mediators of plant-soil feedbacks across contrasting habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pizano
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
- Biología de la Conservación, Cenicafé, Km 4 vía Antigua, Chinchiná-Manizales, Colombia
| | - Scott A Mangan
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
| | - James H Graham
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, Florida, 33850, USA
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
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Geisen S, Kostenko O, Cnossen MC, ten Hooven FC, Vreš B, van der Putten WH. Seed and Root Endophytic Fungi in a Range Expanding and a Related Plant Species. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1645. [PMID: 28900420 PMCID: PMC5581836 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is accelerating the spread of plants and their associated species to new ranges. The differences in range shift capacity of the various types of species may disrupt long-term co-evolved relationships especially those belowground, however, this may be less so for seed-borne endophytic microbes. We collected seeds and soil of the range-expanding Centaurea stoebe and the congeneric Centaurea jacea from three populations growing in Slovenia (native range of both Centaurea species) and the Netherlands (expanded range of C. stoebe, native range of C. jacea). We isolated and identified endophytic fungi directly from seeds, as well as from roots of the plants grown in Slovenian, Dutch or sterilized soil to compare fungal endophyte composition. Furthermore, we investigated whether C. stoebe hosts a reduced community composition of endophytes in the expanded range due to release from plant-species specific fungi while endophyte communities in C. jacea in both ranges are similar. We cultivated 46 unique and phylogenetically diverse endophytes. A majority of the seed endophytes resembled potential pathogens, while most root endophytes were not likely to be pathogenic. Only one endophyte was found in both roots and seeds, but was isolated from different plant species. Unexpectedly, seed endophyte diversity of southern C. stoebe populations was lower than of populations from the north, while the seed endophyte community composition of northern C. stoebe populations was significantly different southern C. stoebe as well as northern and southern C. jacea populations. Root endophyte diversity was considerably lower in C. stoebe than in C. jacea independent of plant and soil origin, but this difference disappeared when plants were grown in sterile soils. We conclude that the community composition of fungal endophytes not only differs between related plant species but also between populations of plants that expand their range compared to their native habitat. Our results suggest that fungal endophytes of two Centaurea species are not able to systemically infect plants. We highlight that endophytes remain poorly studied and further work should investigate the functional importance of endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Geisen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Olga Kostenko
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Mark C. Cnossen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Freddy C. ten Hooven
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Branko Vreš
- Institute of Biology, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and ArtsLjubljana, Slovenia
| | - Wim H. van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
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Wardle DA, Peltzer DA. Impacts of invasive biota in forest ecosystems in an aboveground–belowground context. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gilbert GS, Parker IM. The Evolutionary Ecology of Plant Disease: A Phylogenetic Perspective. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2016; 54:549-78. [PMID: 27359365 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-045959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An explicit phylogenetic perspective provides useful tools for phytopathology and plant disease ecology because the traits of both plants and microbes are shaped by their evolutionary histories. We present brief primers on phylogenetic signal and the analytical tools of phylogenetic ecology. We review the literature and find abundant evidence of phylogenetic signal in pathogens and plants for most traits involved in disease interactions. Plant nonhost resistance mechanisms and pathogen housekeeping functions are conserved at deeper phylogenetic levels, whereas molecular traits associated with rapid coevolutionary dynamics are more labile at branch tips. Horizontal gene transfer disrupts the phylogenetic signal for some microbial traits. Emergent traits, such as host range and disease severity, show clear phylogenetic signals. Therefore pathogen spread and disease impact are influenced by the phylogenetic structure of host assemblages. Phylogenetically rare species escape disease pressure. Phylogenetic tools could be used to develop predictive tools for phytosanitary risk analysis and reduce disease pressure in multispecies cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Gilbert
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064;
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panamá 0843-03092
| | - Ingrid M Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064;
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panamá 0843-03092
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Maron JL, Laney Smith A, Ortega YK, Pearson DE, Callaway RM. Negative plant‐soil feedbacks increase with plant abundance, and are unchanged by competition. Ecology 2016; 97:2055-2063. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Maron
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Alyssa Laney Smith
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Yvette K. Ortega
- Rocky Mountain Research Station U.S.D.A. Forest Service Missoula Montana 59801 USA
| | - Dean E. Pearson
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
- Rocky Mountain Research Station U.S.D.A. Forest Service Missoula Montana 59801 USA
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
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Schilthuizen M, Santos Pimenta LP, Lammers Y, Steenbergen PJ, Flohil M, Beveridge NGP, van Duijn PT, Meulblok MM, Sosef N, van de Ven R, Werring R, Beentjes KK, Meijer K, Vos RA, Vrieling K, Gravendeel B, Choi Y, Verpoorte R, Smit C, Beukeboom LW. Incorporation of an invasive plant into a native insect herbivore food web. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1954. [PMID: 27190702 PMCID: PMC4867706 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of invasive species into native food webs represent multifarious dynamics of ecological and evolutionary processes. We document incorporation of Prunus serotina (black cherry) into native insect food webs. We find that P. serotina harbours a herbivore community less dense but more diverse than its native relative, P. padus (bird cherry), with similar proportions of specialists and generalists. While herbivory on P. padus remained stable over the past century, that on P. serotina gradually doubled. We show that P. serotina may have evolved changes in investment in cyanogenic glycosides compared with its native range. In the leaf beetle Gonioctena quinquepunctata, recently shifted from native Sorbus aucuparia to P. serotina, we find divergent host preferences on Sorbus- versus Prunus-derived populations, and weak host-specific differentiation among 380 individuals genotyped for 119 SNP loci. We conclude that evolutionary processes may generate a specialized herbivore community on an invasive plant, allowing prognoses of reduced invasiveness over time. On the basis of the results presented here, we would like to caution that manual control might have the adverse effect of a slowing down of processes of adaptation, and a delay in the decline of the invasive character of P. serotina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menno Schilthuizen
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lúcia P Santos Pimenta
- Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Youri Lammers
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Nils G P Beveridge
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter T van Duijn
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M Meulblok
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nils Sosef
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robin van de Ven
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ralf Werring
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kevin K Beentjes
- Biodiversity Discovery group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Kim Meijer
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Rutger A Vos
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; IBED, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Klaas Vrieling
- Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Gravendeel
- Endless Forms group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Young Choi
- Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Natural Products Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Institute for Biology Leiden, Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Chris Smit
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Leo W Beukeboom
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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Shelby N, Hulme PE, van der Putten WH, McGinn KJ, Weser C, Duncan RP. No difference in the competitive ability of introduced and native Trifolium provenances when grown with soil biota from their introduced and native ranges. AOB PLANTS 2016; 8:plw016. [PMID: 26969431 PMCID: PMC4833883 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis could explain why some introduced plant species perform better outside their native ranges. The EICA hypothesis proposes that introduced plants escape specialist pathogens or herbivores leading to selection for resources to be reallocated away from defence and towards greater competitive ability. We tested the hypothesis that escape from soil-borne enemies has led to increased competitive ability in three non-agriculturalTrifolium(Fabaceae) species native to Europe that were introduced to New Zealand in the 19th century.Trifoliumperformance is intimately tied to rhizosphere biota. Thus, we grew plants from one introduced (New Zealand) and two native (Spain and the UK) provenances for each of three species in pots inoculated with soil microbiota collected from the rhizosphere beneath conspecifics in the introduced and native ranges. Plants were grown singly and in competition with conspecifics from a different provenance in order to compare competitive ability in the presence of different microbial communities. In contrast to the predictions of the EICA hypothesis, we found no difference in the competitive ability of introduced and native provenances when grown with soil microbiota from either the native or introduced range. Although plants from introduced provenances of two species grew more slowly than native provenances in native-range soils, as predicted by the EICA hypothesis, plants from the introduced provenance were no less competitive than native conspecifics. Overall, the growth rate of plants grown singly was a poor predictor of their competitive ability, highlighting the importance of directly quantifying plant performance in competitive scenarios, rather than relying on surrogate measures such as growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Shelby
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Philip E Hulme
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin J McGinn
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Carolin Weser
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P Duncan
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Parent tree distance-dependent recruitment limitation of native and exotic invasive seedlings in urban forests. Urban Ecosyst 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-015-0507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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