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González-Parejo P, Martín-Núñez J, Cabrera-Martos I, Valenza MC. Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2315. [PMID: 39064758 PMCID: PMC11280425 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder. It disrupts sleep and well-being and is often associated with other conditions. This review examines the potential of dietary supplements to manage RLS symptoms and reduce reliance on medications. A total of 10 randomized clinical trials involving 482 participants were analyzed, focusing on the impact of various supplements on symptom severity, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness. Findings suggest some supplements may have positive results. Magnesium oxide and vitamin B6 significantly improved sleep quality and RLS symptoms, with magnesium showing greater effectiveness. Vitamin D supplementation did not show significant benefits. Oral iron has promising results, indicating potential efficacy but issues related to compliance and absorption. Both vitamins C and E positively affect RLS symptoms, likely due to their antioxidant properties. Valerian improved RLS and sleep but did not show a statistically significant improvement. Despite these encouraging results, a high risk of bias was noted in half of the studies, emphasizing the need for more rigorous research. Overall, this review suggests that dietary supplements may be a promising approach to managing RLS. However, further investigation is required to confirm the efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irene Cabrera-Martos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (J.M.-N.); (M.C.V.)
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Hussein AL, Nema DT, Nasir GA. Evaluation of the role of some non-enzymatic antioxidants among Iraqi patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220881. [PMID: 38947767 PMCID: PMC11211876 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in individuals consuming little or no alcohol, has become highly prevalent globally. Oxidative stress plays a central role in instigating inflammation and cell death pathways driving NAFLD progression. This case-control study aimed to elucidate the association between circulating levels of the pivotal non-enzymatic antioxidants - coenzyme Q10 and vitamins E and C - and liver injury parameters among 60 Iraqi NAFLD patients versus 30 healthy controls. NAFLD diagnosis entailed over 5% hepatic steatosis on ultrasound excluding other etiologies. Patients spanned three age groups: 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49. Substantially diminished antioxidant levels concurrent with elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme were unveiled in NAFLD patients relative to controls (all p < 0.001). Age-based analysis reinforced widespread antioxidant depletion and liver enzyme augmentation across NAFLD patients. Significant correlations also emerged between antioxidants and liver parameters. Our novel observations confirm an antioxidant inadequacy likely perpetuating pathogenic oxidative reactions in NAFLD. Restoring such deficits through lifestyle or therapeutic interventions may confer preventative and disease-modifying value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar L. Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Dunia T. Nema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gulboy A. Nasir
- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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3
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Bucky A, Pičmanová M, Porley V, Pont S, Austin C, Khan T, McDougall G, Johnstone A, Stewart D. Light manipulation as a route to enhancement of antioxidant properties in red amaranth and red lettuce. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1386988. [PMID: 38899321 PMCID: PMC11186462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1386988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
With the growing global population and climate change, achieving food security is a pressing challenge. Vertical farming has the potential to support local food production and security. As a Total Controlled Environment Agriculture (TCEA) system, vertical farming employs LED lighting which offers opportunities to modulate light spectrum and intensity, and thus can be used to influence plant growth and phytochemical composition, including antioxidants beneficial for human health. In this study, we investigated the effect of four red-to-blue light ratios of LEDs (R:B 1, 2.5, 5 and 9) on the growth and antioxidant components in red amaranth microgreens and red lettuce. Plant growth, total phenols, betalains, anthocyanins, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing antioxidant power assay) were evaluated. A higher proportion of red light resulted in biometric responses, i.e., stem elongation in red amaranth and longer leaves in red lettuce, while the increase in the blue light fraction led to the upregulation of antioxidative components, especially total phenols, betalains (in red amaranth) and anthocyanins (in red lettuce). The antioxidant capacity of both crops was strongly positively correlated with the levels of these phytochemicals. Optimizing the red-to-blue ratio in LED lighting could be effective in promoting antioxidant-rich crops with potential health benefits for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Bucky
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Pičmanová
- Advanced Plant Growth Centre, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Porley
- Intelligent Growth Solutions, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Pont
- Advanced Plant Growth Centre, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Austin
- Advanced Plant Growth Centre, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Tanveer Khan
- Intelligent Growth Solutions, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon McDougall
- Advanced Plant Growth Centre, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Derek Stewart
- Advanced Plant Growth Centre, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
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4
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Eggington J, Pitt R, Hodson C. A macroscopic assessment of porosity and new bone formation on the inferior pars basilaris: Normal growth or an indicator of scurvy? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2024; 45:62-72. [PMID: 38781795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aims to determine the aetiology of porosity and subperiosteal new bone formation on the inferior surface of the pars basilaris. MATERIALS A total of 199 non-adult individuals aged 36 weeks gestation to 3.5 years, from a total of 12 archaeological sites throughout the UK, including Iron Age (n=43), Roman (n=12), and post-medieval (n=145) sites, with a preserved pars basilaris. METHODS The pars basilaris was divided into six segments, with porosity (micro and macro) and subperiosteal new bone formation recorded on the inferior surface in scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals. Scurvy was diagnosed using criteria from the palaeopathological literature that was developed using a biological approach. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in microporosity between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals in four out of the six segments analysed. There was a significant negative correlation between age and microporosity in non-scorbutic and scorbutic individuals. A significant difference in subperiosteal new bone formation was observed between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals. CONCLUSIONS Microporosity on the inferior pars basilaris should not be considered among the suite of lesions included in the macroscopic assessment of scurvy in non-adult skeletal remains (less than 3.5 years). SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the risk of over diagnosing scurvy in past populations. LIMITATIONS It is difficult to distinguish between physiological (normal) and pathological (abnormal) bone changes in the skeleton of individuals less than one year of age. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Future research should focus on the analysis of individuals over 3.5 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Eggington
- Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, UK; School of History, Archaeology and Religion, Cardiff University, UK.
| | - Rebecca Pitt
- Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, UK
| | - Claire Hodson
- Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, UK; Department of Archaeology, Durham University, UK
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5
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Afnan F, Kashem MNH, Joshi R, Simpson C, Li W. Growth of Romaine Lettuce in Eggshell Powder Mixed Alginate Hydrogel in an Aeroponic System for Water Conservation and Vitamin C Biofortification. Gels 2024; 10:322. [PMID: 38786240 PMCID: PMC11121658 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is crucial for physical well-being, and its deficiency can lead to severe health consequences. Biofortification has been used to address this deficiency by enhancing vitamin C in plants. Additionally, soilless agriculture has been used to conserve and optimize water use in comparison to conventional agriculture. While hydrogels have been shown to improve water conservation and are used for biofortification in crops, their application has only been explored in soil-based and hydroponic farming. The aeroponics system is a plant-growing method that has shown potential for increasing yields and biomass while conserving water and nutrients. In this paper, we have developed an aeroponic-compatible medium to grow romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with eggshell powder (ESP) mixed with calcium-alginate hydrogel as a substrate and nutrient source aiming to conserve water and incorporate vitamin C through biofortification. Herein, lower water spray time and higher intervals, with varied gel types and ESP concentrations, resulted in healthy lettuce growth. Plants treated with 0.5% ascorbic acid-absorbed ESP-mixed alginate hydrogel for biofortification showed higher levels of vitamin C compared to the traditional method. This study suggests using an alginate hydrogel-ESP-based substrate in aeroponics to reduce water usage and enhance plant biofortification of vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariha Afnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (F.A.); (M.N.H.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Md Nayeem Hasan Kashem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (F.A.); (M.N.H.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Rutwik Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (F.A.); (M.N.H.K.); (R.J.)
| | - Catherine Simpson
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (F.A.); (M.N.H.K.); (R.J.)
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Polcaro LM, Samani MR, Piacente S, Masullo M. Development of a New Extraction Method for Pomegranate and Metabolite Profiling by a LC-MS and 1H NMR Combined Approach. Foods 2024; 13:1429. [PMID: 38790729 PMCID: PMC11120047 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) market has steadily grown due to the increasing demand of health-conscious consumers of products with health-promoting effects. Recently, a growing interest in developing ecological and environmentally friendly extraction methods has led to investigating extraction procedures to obtain a higher extraction yield using a lower amount of solvents and energy. Herein, a new extraction procedure was developed to obtain an enriched pomegranate food supplement by using the peels of pomegranate, cultivar "Dente di Cavallo" and its juice. The extraction was performed through a non-conventional extraction technique like SLDE-Naviglio using ethanol and pomegranate juice as a solvent, and peels as a matrix. The extract was analysed by a combined approach based on LCESI/QExactive/MS/MS and NMR analysis, and its chemical profile was compared with those of pomegranate juice and of the extract obtained from peels by SLDE-Naviglio by using ethanol:H2O. The LC-MS analysis highlighted the presence of hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, ellagic acid and phenol glucoside derivatives, while 1H NMR analysis completed the profile by detecting the primary metabolites. The LC-MS and 1H NMR analysis indicated that the extract obtained by SLDE-Naviglio using ethanol and pomegranate juice was enriched in the bioactives as confirmed by the highest phenolic, tannin and flavonoid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Maria Polcaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Marzieh Rahmani Samani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
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7
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Niu F, Xie W, Zhang W, Kawuki J, Yu X. Vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:329-341. [PMID: 36961747 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2192561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between the intake of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene, and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane library, CNKI, and WanFang databases were searched from inception to 29 August 2022 for observational studies reporting the odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD by Vitamin C/Vitamin E/β-carotene intake. Random-effects models, publication bias assessment, subgroup, sensitivity and dose-response analyses were performed, using.Stata version 12.0. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included. There was no significant association between high-dose vitamin C intake and the risk of PD compared with low-dose vitamin C intake (RR = 0.98, 95%CI:0.89,1.08). Compared with low-dose intake, high-dose intake of vitamin E can prevent the risk of PD (RR = 0.87, 95%CI:0.77,0.99). Compared with lower β-carotene intake, there was a borderline non-significant correlation between higher intake and PD risk (RR = 0.91, 95%CI:0.82,1.01), and high dose β-carotene intake was found to be associated with a lower risk of PD in women (RR = 0.78, 95%CI:0.64,0.96). CONCLUSION This study shows that vitamin E intake can reduce the risk of PD and play a preventive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Xie
- Department of Quality Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph Kawuki
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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8
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Cenigaonandia-Campillo A, Garcia-Bautista A, Rio-Vilariño A, Cebrian A, Del Puerto L, Pellicer JA, Gabaldón JA, Pérez-Sánchez H, Carmena-Bargueño M, Meroño C, Traba J, Fernandez-Aceñero MJ, Baños-Herraiz N, Mozas-Vivar L, Núñez-Delicado E, Garcia-Foncillas J, Aguilera Ó. Vitamin-C-dependent downregulation of the citrate metabolism pathway potentiates pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth arrest. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38425123 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), metabolic rewiring and resistance to standard therapy are closely associated. PDAC cells show enormous requirements for glucose-derived citrate, the first rate-limiting metabolite in the synthesis of new lipids. Both the expression and activity of citrate synthase (CS) are extraordinarily upregulated in PDAC. However, no previous relationship between gemcitabine response and citrate metabolism has been documented in pancreatic cancer. Here, we report for the first time that pharmacological doses of vitamin C are capable of exerting an inhibitory action on the activity of CS, reducing glucose-derived citrate levels. Moreover, ascorbate targets citrate metabolism towards the de novo lipogenesis pathway, impairing fatty acid synthase (FASN) and ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) expression. Lowered citrate availability was found to be directly associated with diminished proliferation and, remarkably, enhanced gemcitabine response. Moreover, the deregulated citrate-derived lipogenic pathway correlated with a remarkable decrease in extracellular pH through inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and overall reduced glycolytic metabolism. Modulation of citric acid metabolism in highly chemoresistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma, through molecules such as vitamin C, could be considered as a future clinical option to improve patient response to standard chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Garcia-Bautista
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Anxo Rio-Vilariño
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Arancha Cebrian
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Laura Del Puerto
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - José Antonio Pellicer
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - José Antonio Gabaldón
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Miguel Carmena-Bargueño
- Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Carolina Meroño
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-UAM (IUBM-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Traba
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-UAM (IUBM-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Lorena Mozas-Vivar
- Preclinical programe START Madrid-FJD Hospital fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain
| | - Estrella Núñez-Delicado
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Jesús Garcia-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Óscar Aguilera
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
- Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Antiaging Strategies and Remedies: A Landscape of Research Progress and Promise. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:408-446. [PMID: 38214973 PMCID: PMC10853939 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is typified by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to deteriorated functions and enhanced vulnerability to diseases. Antiaging research has a long history throughout civilization, with many efforts put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Multiple strategies aiming to promote healthy aging and extend the lifespan have been developed including lifestyle adjustments, medical treatments, and social programs. A multitude of antiaging medicines and remedies have also been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent research related to antiaging strategies and treatments. We review the recent advances and delineate trends in research headway of antiaging knowledge and practice across time, geography, and development pipelines. We further assess the state-of-the-art antiaging approaches and explore their correlations with age-related diseases. The landscape of antiaging drugs has been outlined and explored. Well-recognized and novel, currently evaluated antiaging agents have also been summarized. Finally, we review clinical applications of antiaging products with their development pipelines. The objective of this review is to summarize current knowledge on preventive strategies and treatment remedies in the field of aging, to outline challenges and evaluate growth opportunities, in order to further efforts to solve the problems that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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10
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Premkumar V, Jadhav R, Malwade S, Kale S. Severe Acute Malnutrition Presenting With Scurvy: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e54506. [PMID: 38516488 PMCID: PMC10955419 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Scurvy is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C. It is a nutritional deficiency that is associated with multiple severe conditions. Although developed countries report these cases rarely now due to advancements in food and nutritional supplements, they are still prevalent in developing countries, albeit rare, because of poor nutritional status. Due to the lower prevalence of scurvy, diagnosis is delayed in the majority of cases and sometimes missed completely, which results in serious complications and unnecessary workups. Here, we present a rare case of a four-year-old female child with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) presenting with scurvy. The initial clinical signs showed SAM. X-ray and MRI of the left femur and knee were done to further evaluate the orthopedic parameters. Clinical presentation and radiographic imaging confirmed all the signs of scurvy. The patient was started on the Formula 75 (F-75) diet to address the severe malnutrition, and steady weight gain was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Premkumar
- Pediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND
| | - Renuka Jadhav
- Pediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND
| | - Sudhir Malwade
- Pediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND
| | - Shivani Kale
- Pediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, IND
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11
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Clayton DJ, Burbeary R, Parker C, James RM, Saward C, Procter EL, Mode WJA, Baker C, Hough J, Williams NC, Rossington H, Varley I. Combined Turmeric, Vitamin C, and Vitamin D Ready-to-Drink Supplements Reduce Upper Respiratory Illness Symptoms and Gastrointestinal Discomfort in Elite Male Football Players. Nutrients 2024; 16:243. [PMID: 38257136 PMCID: PMC10819629 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Elite football is associated with the increased risk of illness, although targeted supplementation can reduce illness risk. This study assessed the effects of a supplement containing turmeric root within a black pepper and fat-soluble blend, vitamin C and vitamin D, on upper respiratory symptoms (URS), gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), muscle soreness, and markers of inflammation and gut permeability in elite male footballers. Twenty-three footballers completed 3 weeks of no intervention (CON), followed by 16 weeks of daily consuming 60 mL of a commercially available supplement containing raw turmeric root (17.5 g, estimated to contain 700 mg of curcumin), vitamin C (1000 mg), and vitamin D3 (3000 IU/75 mcg) (SUP). URS and GIS were measured daily. Immediately (0 h), 40, and 64 h after six competitive matches (two in CON, four in SUP), the subjective soreness and plasma concentrations of creatine kinase [CK], c-reactive protein [CRP], and intestinal fatty-acid binding protein [I-FABP] were assessed. URS incidence (p < 0.001), GIS (p < 0.05), and plasma [I-FABP] at 0 h (p < 0.05) were greater during CON versus SUP. At 40 h, [CRP] was greater than 0 h during CON (p < 0.01) but not SUP (p = 0.204). There were no differences in soreness or [CK]. This study indicates that turmeric root, vitamin C, and vitamin D supplementation over 16 weeks can reduce URS, GIS, and post-match [I-FABP] in elite footballers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Clayton
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Ross Burbeary
- Derby County Football Club, Pride Park, Derby DE24 8XL, UK;
| | - Connor Parker
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Ruth M. James
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Chris Saward
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Eleanor L. Procter
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - William J. A. Mode
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Carla Baker
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - John Hough
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | - Neil C. Williams
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
| | | | - Ian Varley
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (C.P.); (R.M.J.); (C.S.); (E.L.P.); (W.J.A.M.); (C.B.); (J.H.); (N.C.W.); (I.V.)
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12
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Shi S, Wang K, Ugai T, Giannakis M, Cazaubiel J, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Nowak JA, Meyerhardt JA, Ogino S, Song M. Vitamin C intake and colorectal cancer survival according to KRAS and BRAF mutation: a prospective study in two US cohorts. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1793-1800. [PMID: 37775523 PMCID: PMC10667518 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of vitamin C intake with colorectal cancer (CRC) survival according to tumour KRAS or BRAF mutation status remain unclear. METHODS We used the inverse probability weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality, and spline analysis to evaluate the dose-response relationship in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We also assessed SLC2A1 mRNA expression according to KRAS or BRAF mutation in the TCGA database. RESULTS During an average of 12.0 years of follow-up, we documented 2,096 CRC cases, of which 703 cases had KRAS and BRAF mutation data. The association between total vitamin C intake and CRC-specific mortality suggestively differed according to KRAS or BRAF mutation status (Pinteraction = 0.04), with the multivariable HR (95% CI) per 400 mg/day increase in vitamin C intake for CRC-specific mortality of 1.07 (0.87-1.32, Ptrend = 0.52) in cases with both wild type and 0.74 (0.55-1.00, Ptrend < 0.05) in cases with either KRAS or BRAF mutant type. TCGA analysis showed a higher mRNA SLC2A1 expression in KRAS or BRAF-mutated tumours than in wild-type tumours (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our findings support the laboratory evidence for a potential benefit of vitamin C for CRC patients with KRAS or BRAF mutated tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jules Cazaubiel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Quillon A, Guittard L, Goldet K, Etienne M, Blond E, Nourredine M, Martin-Gaujard G, Doh S. A cross-sectional study to evaluate hypovitaminosis C prevalence and risk factors in an acute geriatric unit in Lyon, France: the HYPO-VIT-C protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075924. [PMID: 37612102 PMCID: PMC10450057 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient playing crucial roles in human biology. Hypovitaminosis C is defined by a plasmatic ascorbemia below 23 µmol/L and is associated with numerous outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers or neurocognitive disorders. Numerous risk factors are common among older adults making them particularly susceptible to hypovitaminosis C. These risk factors include reduced vitamin intakes, higher vitamin metabolism related to polypathology, and iatrogeny because of polypharmacy. However, the precise prevalence of hypovitaminosis C and its risk factors are poorly documented within the geriatric population.A better knowledge of hypovitaminosis C prevalence and risk factor may lead to improving the vitamin C status among older people and prevent its consequences. METHOD AND ANALYSIS To answer these questions, we designed a monocentric cross-sectional study in a population of older hospitalised patients in Lyon, France. A sample size of 385 patients was needed to estimate hypovitaminosis C prevalence. The study was proposed to all eligible patient aged more than 75 years old entering the participating acute geriatric unit. The plasmatic vitamin C status was systematically assessed for participating patients, and variables part of the medical and geriatric evaluation were collected. For patients with severe vitamin C depletion, an oral supplementation and a follow-up phone call were organised to ensure treatment completion and tolerance. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has been approved by an independent national ethics committee and meets the methodological requirements. Final outcomes will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated through conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05668663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Quillon
- Service de médecine gériatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Guittard
- Pôle Santé Publique, Service Recherche et Epidémiologie cliniques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), Inserm U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Goldet
- Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility - Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Madeleine Etienne
- Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility - Hôpital des Charpennes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Emilie Blond
- Department of Biochemistry, Lyon Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
- CarMeN Laboratory - INSERM U1060, INRAE U1397, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mikail Nourredine
- Department of biostatistics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Service hospitalo-universitaire de pharmacotoxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de biométrie et biologie évolutive, UMR CNRS 5558, Lyon, France
| | | | - Sébastien Doh
- Service de médecine gériatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Chatzimitakos T, Athanasiadis V, Kotsou K, Bozinou E, Lalas SI. Response Surface Optimization for the Enhancement of the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Citrus limon Peel. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1605. [PMID: 37627600 PMCID: PMC10451340 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus limon is among the species of the genus Citrus that dominates the world market. It is highly nutritious for humans as it contains twice the amount of the suggested daily intake of ascorbic acid and is also a good source of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and other bioactive compounds. This study aimed to identify the optimal extraction procedures and parameters to obtain the maximum quantity of bioactive components from lemon peel by-products. Various extraction techniques, including stirring, ultrasound, and pulsed electric field, were evaluated, along with factors such as extraction time, temperature, and solvent composition. The results revealed that simple stirring for 150 min at 20 °C proved to be the most effective and practical method. The ideal solvent mixture consisted of 75% ethanol and 25% water, highlighting the crucial role of solvent composition in maximizing extraction efficiency. Among the extracted compounds were phenolics, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids. Under optimum extraction conditions, the extract was found to contain high total phenolic content (TPC) (51.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents, GAE/g dry weight), total flavonoid content (TFC) (7.1 mg of rutin equivalents, RtE/g dry weight), amounts of ascorbic acid (3.7 mg/g dry weight), and total carotenoids content (TCC) (64.9 μg of β-carotene equivalents, CtE/g). Notably, the extracts demonstrated potent antioxidant properties (128.9 μmol of ascorbic acid equivalents, AAE/g; and 30.3 μmol of AAE/g as evidenced by FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively), making it a promising ingredient for functional foods and cosmetics. The study's implications lie in promoting sustainable practices by converting lemon peel into valuable resources and supporting human health and wellness through the consumption of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vassilis Athanasiadis
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (T.C.); (K.K.); (E.B.); (S.I.L.)
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15
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Pereira A, Adekunle RD, Zaman M, Wan MJ. Association Between Vitamin Deficiencies and Ophthalmological Conditions. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:2045-2062. [PMID: 37489231 PMCID: PMC10363387 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s401262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin deficiencies can have adverse effects on health, including on the visual system. The ocular manifestations of a vitamin deficiency are related to the underlying biochemical function of the particular nutrient. While vitamin deficiencies are not common in developed counties, they are still prevalent in parts of the developing world and in specific, vulnerable populations. Vitamin deficiencies can cause or contribute to many ophthalmological conditions and eye diseases may even be the first presenting finding of a vitamin deficiency. As such, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of the ocular manifestations of vitamin deficiencies, especially given that the complications can be severe and effectively treated if identified early. This review summarizes the literature on the main vitamins known to have characteristic ocular manifestations: vitamins A, B1, B2, B9, B12, C, D, E and K. The function, epidemiology, manifestations, workup, and management of each vitamin is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Pereira
- University of Toronto Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Damilola Adekunle
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Michele Zaman
- Queen’s School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Wan
- University of Toronto Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Feusi O, Fleischmann T, Waschkies C, Pape HC, Werner CM, Tiziani S. Vitamin C as a Potential Prophylactic Measure Against Frozen Shoulder in an In Vivo Shoulder Contracture Animal Model. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:2041-2049. [PMID: 37249131 PMCID: PMC10315865 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231172192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frozen shoulder is a common, painful, and movement-restricting condition. Although primary frozen shoulder is idiopathic, secondary frozen shoulder can occur after trauma or surgery. Prophylactic and therapeutic options are often unsatisfactory. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a potent physiological antioxidant and likely inhibits the activation of nuclear factor κB, which plays a decisive role in inflammatory reactions. HYPOTHESIS Because of its anti-inflammatory effects, vitamin C may be valuable in the prevention of secondary frozen shoulder. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS An in vivo shoulder contracture model was conducted by fixation of the right proximal limb of Sprague-Dawley rats. A treatment group (n = 8) receiving vitamin C orally was compared with a control group (n = 9) without vitamin C. The primary outcome was capsular thickness at the shoulder joint measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Further histological examination was performed but was not statistically analyzed because of variability of the cutting plane through the glenoid. RESULTS Vitamin C treatment resulted in less thickening of the axillary fold of the operated shoulder at 2 of the 3 locations measured on MRI compared with untreated controls (insertion to the glenoid, P = .074; insertion to the humerus, P = .006; middle of the axillary recess, P = .008). The observed structural changes in histological examination corroborated the significant changes obtained from the MRI measurements. CONCLUSION Prophylactic vitamin C seemed to reduce the thickening of the axillary recess in secondary frozen shoulder in this preclinical study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Vitamin C may be helpful as a noninvasive therapeutic measure to prevent secondary frozen shoulder (eg, within the context of surgery in the shoulder region or immobilization) or to treat primary frozen shoulder at an early stage. Further studies are required to evaluate the effect of this treatment in humans and the necessary dosage in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Feusi
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thea Fleischmann
- Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Conny Waschkies
- Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christoph Pape
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clément M.L. Werner
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Tiziani
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mehany ABM, Farrag IM, Diab M, Ghoneim MM, El-Sherbiny M, Al-Serwi RH, Amin AH, Belal A, Shaaban S, Abdelhady AA. Curcumin and vitamin C improve immunity of kidney via gene expression against diethyl nitrosamine induced nephrotoxicity in rats:In vivo and molecular docking studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14126. [PMID: 36923841 PMCID: PMC10008980 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney has a crucial role in immunity, so any toxicity occurs for the kidney will result in reduced immunity. The aim of this study is to improve the immune response of insufficient kidneys through immune-related genes. Diethyl Nitrosamine has been used to cause kidney damage in animal models, vitamin C and curcumin have been used to treat impaired kidney. Renal function (urea, uric acid and creatinine) and oxidative stress parameters (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase) will be evaluated in this research work. Molecular docking also will be performed to investigate the role of vitamin C and curcumin in targeting immune response proteins. Also, Complementary component 3, Lipocalin-2, Toll-like receptor 2,Toll-like receptor 4, Kidney injury molecule-1, Interleukin 6, Interleukin-10, Tumor necrosis factor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases will be investigated. The obtained results showed that vitamin C and curcumin have good effects in the treatment of impaired kidneys, this was also observed in renal function and oxidative stress parameters, expression levels of proteins and histopathological examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of zoology Faculty of science Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam M Farrag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Diab
- Anatomy and embryology Department faculty of medicine Al-Azhar university,cairo, Egypt
- Basic medical science, Faculty of applied medical sciences, university of tabuk saudi arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah13713, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Hamed Al-Serwi
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of pharmacySuef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alsayed A Abdelhady
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
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Overcoming EGFR Resistance in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Using Vitamin C: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030678. [PMID: 36979659 PMCID: PMC10045351 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted monoclonal antibody therapy against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a leading treatment modality against metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, with the emergence of KRAS and BRAF mutations, resistance was inevitable. Cells harboring these mutations overexpress Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) and sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2), which enables intracellular vitamin C transport, leading to reactive oxygen species generation and finally cell death. Therefore, high dose vitamin C is proposed to overcome this resistance. A comprehensive search strategy was adopted using Pubmed and MEDLINE databases (up to 11 August 2022). There are not enough randomized clinical trials to support its use in the clinical management of mCRC, except for a subgroup analysis from a phase III study. High dose vitamin C shows a promising role in overcoming EGFR resistance in mCRC with wild KRAS mutation with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor inhibitors and in patients with KRAS and BRAF mutations.
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De Battista NA, Zammit MC, Soler SG, Attard S. Gait Disturbance … of Red Herrings, Oranges, and Lemons - A Case of Missed Vitamin C Deficiency and Lessons Learnt. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2023; 66:122-127. [PMID: 38511423 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2024.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin C deficiency resulting in scurvy, is considered to be a rare nutritional disorder in developed countries, thus leading to underdiagnosis with exposure to unnecessary investigations and delay in appropriate treatment. The wide myriad of clinical signs and symptoms with which vitamin C deficiency can present (including haematological, musculoskeletal and vague constitutional symptoms that overlap with other common medical conditions), also contributes to this diagnostic challenge. Despite scurvy being habitually thought to be present in children with neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder, other important at-risk groups that frequently tend to be forgotten include children with persistent fussy eating behaviour, and children with abnormal vitamin C metabolism. We hereunder present a case of a 10-year-old boy who presented to an acute general hospital for further investigation with gait disturbance. The lack of detailed nutritional assessment on presentation in the first instance led to a missed diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency, thus exposing the child to a wide array of unnecessary investigations and treatments. The added perplexity to the case resulting from false positive results of investigations performed as part of this child's workup, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephen Attard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Mater Dei Hospital Malta
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20
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Neurotoxicity evoked by organophosphates and available countermeasures. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:39-72. [PMID: 36335468 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03397-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OP) are a constant problem, both in the military and in the civilian field, not only in the form of acute poisoning but also for their long-lasting consequences. No antidote has been found that satisfactorily protects against the toxic effects of organophosphates. Likewise, there is no universal cure to avert damage after poisoning. The key mechanism of organophosphate toxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The overstimulation of nicotinic or muscarinic receptors by accumulated acetylcholine on a synaptic cleft leads to activation of the glutamatergic system and the development of seizures. Further consequences include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuroinflammation, and the formation of various other neuropathologists. In this review, we present neuroprotection strategies which can slow down the secondary nerve cell damage and alleviate neurological and neuropsychiatric disturbance. In our opinion, there is no unequivocal approach to ensure neuroprotection, however, sooner the neurotoxicity pathway is targeted, the better the results which can be expected. It seems crucial to target the key propagation pathways, i.e., to block cholinergic and, foremostly, glutamatergic cascades. Currently, the privileged approach oriented to stimulating GABAAR by benzodiazepines is of limited efficacy, so that antagonizing the hyperactivity of the glutamatergic system could provide an even more efficacious approach for terminating OP-induced seizures and protecting the brain from permanent damage. Encouraging results have been reported for tezampanel, an antagonist of GluK1 kainate and AMPA receptors, especially in combination with caramiphen, an anticholinergic and anti-glutamatergic agent. On the other hand, targeting ROS by antioxidants cannot or already developed neuroinflammation does not seem to be very productive as other processes are also involved.
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Roy S, Chourasia P, Sangani V, Errabelli PK, Patel SS, Adapa S. Megadose Vitamin C Prescription Through Alternative Medicine Leading to End-Stage Renal Disease: Case Study and Literature Review. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2023; 11:23247096231158954. [PMID: 36914980 PMCID: PMC10017928 DOI: 10.1177/23247096231158954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine has made tremendous advancements and succeeded in increasing longevity through adequate screening and diagnosis and various new therapeutic approaches. However, alternative medicine is a branch of health care practicing different traditional and unconventional, potentially hazardous therapies to treat commonly known ailments. Standard low-dose vitamin C, ie, 500-1000 mg, is approved in medical conditions like methemoglobinemia, scurvy, burns and also helps iron absorption in anemia. However, toxic doses carry high nephrotoxicity potential like in our case. We present a 74-year-old Caucasian female falling victim to one such alternative therapy leading to acute kidney injury requiring lifelong hemodialysis. She had endometrial cancer and received 100 gm of intravenous vitamin C weekly through a provider for the last 6 weeks as part of this alternate approach to cure her cancer. Upon admission, the serum creatinine level was elevated at 8.2 mg/dl, which subsequently did not improve with conservative management. Renal biopsy revealed diffuse acute tubular injury with polarized microscopy demonstrating calcium oxalate crystals. While her blood vitamin C levels were high, the serum oxalate level was normal. She ended up requiring renal replacement therapy permanently. Alternative medicine continues to be a significant health care hazard with the potential to cause unwanted irreversible nephrotoxicity. Public attention is necessary at various social levels to counter the detrimental outcomes of alternative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sumit S. Patel
- Keck school of Medicine of USC/LAC+USC Medical Center, CA, USA
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Mainous AG, Bernard J, Auguste S, Louis JR, Dieufort DJ, Duverger K, Beau de Rochars M, May J. A cautionary tale for health education initiatives in vulnerable populations: Improving nutrition in Haiti prisons. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1076583. [PMID: 36606045 PMCID: PMC9807781 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1076583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prisons in low-income countries have barriers to providing adequate nutrition to the incarcerated. This perspective discusses a quality improvement program with health education to improve nutrition provided to men in two prisons in Haiti. Methods Incarcerated men in the National Penitentiary in Port Au Prince and the prison in Mirebalais were the focus of the program. A culturally competent educational intervention was delivered to the prison cooks. Program evaluation included a baseline and a follow-up assessment in 2021 and 2022 in both prisons. Calories, body composition, and nutrition were assessed at both time points. Results Among 1,060 men assessed in the baseline time period, the mean number of calories per day was 571. Further, 62.5% had a vitamin C intake insufficient to prevent scurvy and 91.6% had vitamin B1 insufficient to prevent beriberi. In the follow-up period, caloric intake decreased to a mean of 454 per day (p < 0.001). The proportion of incarcerated men who had insufficient vitamin C and vitamin B1 to prevent disease increased in the follow-up period. Discussion The caloric and nutritional intake of incarcerated men in Haitian prisons is poor and is getting worse. The educational intervention with the cooks was not successful due to civil and political strife in the low-income country of Haiti. Standard interventions to improve nutrition need to consider the social context for accessing food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arch G. Mainous
- Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Arch G. Mainous III
| | | | - Stephanie Auguste
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université d'État d'Haïti (UEH), Port-Au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Jacques R. Louis
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université d'État d'Haïti (UEH), Port-Au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Danove J. Dieufort
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université d'État d'Haïti (UEH), Port-Au-Prince, Haiti
| | | | - Madsen Beau de Rochars
- Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - John May
- Health through Walls, Port-Au-Prince, Haiti,Centurion Health, Sterling, VA, United States
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Role of thyroid hormones-induced oxidative stress on cardiovascular physiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130239. [PMID: 36064072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) play an essential role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis and are involved in the modulation of cardiac contractility, heart rate, diastolic function, systemic vascular resistance, and vasodilation. THs have actions on cardiovascular physiology through the activation or repression of target genes or the activation of intracellular signals through non-genomic mechanisms. Hyperthyroidism alters certain intracellular pathways involved in the preservation of the structure and functionality of the heart, causing relevant cardiovascular disorders. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the cardiovascular system, but the exacerbated increase in ROS caused by chronic hyperthyroidism together with regulation on the antioxidant system have been associated with the development of cardiovascular dysfunction. In this review, we analyze the role of THs-induced oxidative stress in the cellular and molecular changes that lead to cardiac dysfunction, as well as the effectiveness of antioxidant treatments in attenuating cardiac abnormalities developed during hyperthyroidism.
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Zaher A, Stephens LM, Miller AM, Hartwig SM, Stolwijk JM, Petronek MS, Zacharias ZR, Wadas TJ, Monga V, Cullen JJ, Furqan M, Houtman JCD, Varga SM, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Pharmacological ascorbate as a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:989000. [PMID: 36072595 PMCID: PMC9444023 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.989000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological ascorbate (i.e., intravenous infusions of vitamin C reaching ~ 20 mM in plasma) is under active investigation as an adjuvant to standard of care anti-cancer treatments due to its dual redox roles as an antioxidant in normal tissues and as a prooxidant in malignant tissues. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are highly promising therapies for many cancer patients but face several challenges including low response rates, primary or acquired resistance, and toxicity. Ascorbate modulates both innate and adaptive immune functions and plays a key role in maintaining the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory states. Furthermore, the success of pharmacological ascorbate as a radiosensitizer and a chemosensitizer in pre-clinical studies and early phase clinical trials suggests that it may also enhance the efficacy and expand the benefits of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaher
- Cancer Biology Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laura M. Stephens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ann M. Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stacey M. Hartwig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Stolwijk
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael S. Petronek
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Zeb R. Zacharias
- Human Immunology Core & Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Radiology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Varun Monga
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Joseph J. Cullen
- Department of Surgery, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jon C. D. Houtman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Steven M. Varga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bryan G. Allen,
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Ali A, Manzoor MF, Ahmad N, Aadil RM, Qin H, Siddique R, Riaz S, Ahmad A, Korma SA, Khalid W, Aizhong L. The Burden of Cancer, Government Strategic Policies, and Challenges in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:940514. [PMID: 35938114 PMCID: PMC9355152 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.940514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe condition characterized by uncontrolled cell division and increasing reported mortality and diagnostic cases. In 2040, an estimated 28.4 million cancer cases are expected to happen globally. In 2020, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) had been diagnosed worldwide, with around 10.0 million cancer deaths. Breast cancer cases have increased by 2.26 million, lung cancer by 2.21 million, stomach by 1.089 million, liver by 0.96 million, and colon cancer by 1.93 million. Cancer is becoming more prevalent in Pakistan, with 19 million new cancer cases recorded in 2020. Food adulteration, gutkha, paan, and nutritional deficiencies are major cancer risk factors that interplay with cancer pathogenesis in this country. Government policies and legislation, cancer treatment challenges, and prevention must be revised seriously. This review presents the current cancer epidemiology in Pakistan to better understand cancer basis. It summarizes current cancer risk factors, causes, and the strategies and policies of the country against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Food and Nutrition Society, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan
| | | | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Nutritional Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hong Qin
- School of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sakhawat Riaz
- Department of Home Economics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ahmad
- Department of Home Economics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sameh A. Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Liu Aizhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Liu Aizhong
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Subbiah V, Xie C, Dunshea FR, Barrow CJ, Suleria HAR. The Quest for Phenolic Compounds from Seaweed: Nutrition, Biological Activities and Applications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2094406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vigasini Subbiah
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cundong Xie
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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27
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Fernandes Loguercio L, Thesing A, da Silveira Noremberg B, Vasconcellos Lopes B, Kurz Maron G, Machado G, Pope MA, Lenin Villarreal Carreno N. Direct Laser Writing of Poly(furfuryl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Electrodes for Electrochemical Determination of Ascorbic Acid. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anderson Thesing
- Institute of Physics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Bruno da Silveira Noremberg
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais Universidade Federal de Pelotas CEP 96010-000 Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - Bruno Vasconcellos Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais Universidade Federal de Pelotas CEP 96010-000 Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - Guilherme Kurz Maron
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Technology Development Center Federal University of Pelotas CEP 96010-900 Capão do Leão RS Brazil
| | - Giovanna Machado
- Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste CEP 50740-545 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Michael A. Pope
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo N2L 3G1 Ontario Canada
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Opioids and Vitamin C: Known Interactions and Potential for Redox-Signaling Crosstalk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071267. [PMID: 35883757 PMCID: PMC9312198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are among the most widely used classes of pharmacologically active compounds both clinically and recreationally. Beyond their analgesic efficacy via μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonism, a prominent side effect is central respiratory depression, leading to systemic hypoxia and free radical generation. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid; AA) is an essential antioxidant vitamin and is involved in the recycling of redox cofactors associated with inflammation. While AA has been shown to reduce some of the negative side effects of opioids, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored. The present review seeks to provide a signaling framework under which MOR activation and AA may interact. AA can directly quench reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by opioids, yet this activity alone does not sufficiently describe observations. Downstream of MOR activation, confounding effects from AA with STAT3, HIF1α, and NF-κB have the potential to block production of antioxidant proteins such as nitric oxide synthase and superoxide dismutase. Further mechanistic research is necessary to understand the underlying signaling crosstalk of MOR activation and AA in the amelioration of the negative, potentially fatal side effects of opioids.
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Tragni V, Primiano G, Tummolo A, Cafferati Beltrame L, La Piana G, Sgobba MN, Cavalluzzi MM, Paterno G, Gorgoglione R, Volpicella M, Guerra L, Marzulli D, Servidei S, De Grassi A, Petrosillo G, Lentini G, Pierri CL. Personalized Medicine in Mitochondrial Health and Disease: Molecular Basis of Therapeutic Approaches Based on Nutritional Supplements and Their Analogs. Molecules 2022; 27:3494. [PMID: 35684429 PMCID: PMC9182050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) may result from mutations affecting nuclear or mitochondrial genes, encoding mitochondrial proteins, or non-protein-coding mitochondrial RNA. Despite the great variability of affected genes, in the most severe cases, a neuromuscular and neurodegenerative phenotype is observed, and no specific therapy exists for a complete recovery from the disease. The most used treatments are symptomatic and based on the administration of antioxidant cocktails combined with antiepileptic/antipsychotic drugs and supportive therapy for multiorgan involvement. Nevertheless, the real utility of antioxidant cocktail treatments for patients affected by MDs still needs to be scientifically demonstrated. Unfortunately, clinical trials for antioxidant therapies using α-tocopherol, ascorbate, glutathione, riboflavin, niacin, acetyl-carnitine and coenzyme Q have met a limited success. Indeed, it would be expected that the employed antioxidants can only be effective if they are able to target the specific mechanism, i.e., involving the central and peripheral nervous system, responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease. Noteworthily, very often the phenotypes characterizing MD patients are associated with mutations in proteins whose function does not depend on specific cofactors. Conversely, the administration of the antioxidant cocktails might determine the suppression of endogenous oxidants resulting in deleterious effects on cell viability and/or toxicity for patients. In order to avoid toxicity effects and before administering the antioxidant therapy, it might be useful to ascertain the blood serum levels of antioxidants and cofactors to be administered in MD patients. It would be also worthwhile to check the localization of mutations affecting proteins whose function should depend (less or more directly) on the cofactors to be administered, for estimating the real need and predicting the success of the proposed cofactor/antioxidant-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tragni
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Guido Primiano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (S.S.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Albina Tummolo
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Via Amendola 207, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.)
| | - Lucas Cafferati Beltrame
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Gianluigi La Piana
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Maria Noemi Sgobba
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giulia Paterno
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale, Via Amendola 207, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.)
| | - Ruggiero Gorgoglione
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Mariateresa Volpicella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Guerra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Domenico Marzulli
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Serenella Servidei
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (S.S.)
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Petrosillo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (L.C.B.); (G.L.P.); (M.N.S.); (R.G.); (M.V.); (L.G.); (A.D.G.)
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Mirjalili M, Mirzaei E, Vazin A. Pharmacological agents for the prevention of colistin-induced nephrotoxicity. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:64. [PMID: 35525994 PMCID: PMC9077985 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colistin is a polymyxin antibiotic which has been used for treatment of Gram-negative infections, but it was withdrawn due to its nephrotoxicity. However, colistin has gained its popularity in recent years due to the reemergence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections and drug-induced toxicity is considered as the main obstacle for using this valuable antibiotic. Results In total, 30 articles, including 29 animal studies and one clinical trial were included in this study. These compounds, including aged black garlic extract, albumin fragments, alpha lipoic acid, astaxanthin, baicalein, chrysin, cilastatin, colchicine, curcumin, cytochrome c, dexmedetomidine, gelofusine, grape seed proanthocyanidin extract, hesperidin, luteolin, lycopene, melatonin, methionine, N-acetylcysteine, silymarin, taurine, vitamin C, and vitamin E exhibited beneficial effects in most of the published works. Conclusions In this review, the authors have attempted to review the available literature on the use of several compounds for prevention or attenuation of colistin-induced nephrotoxicity. Most of the studied compounds were potent antioxidants, and it seems that using antioxidants concomitantly can have a protective effect during the colistin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtabalsadat Mirjalili
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Afsaneh Vazin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Foudah AI, Alam P, Shakeel F, Alam A, Salkini MA, Alshehri S, Ghoneim MM, Ross SA. A Simple, Cost-Effective, and Green HPTLC Method for the Estimation of Ascorbic Acid in Solvent and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Phyllanthus emblica, Capsicum annuum, and Psidium guajava. AGRONOMY 2022; 12:1016. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12051016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Greener analytical methodologies for the estimation of ascorbic acid (AA) are poorly reported in the literature. Furthermore, the green indexes of the literature’s analytical assays of AA estimation have not been assessed. As a consequence, the aim of this research is to invent and validate a simple, cost-effective, and green reverse-phase “high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)” method for the estimating AA in the solvent extracts (SE) and ultrasound-assisted extracts (UAE) of Phyllanthus emblica, Psidium guajava, and Capsicum annuum. The greener mobile phase for AA estimation was a binary mixture of water and ethanol (70:30, v/v). At a wavelength of 265 nm, the detection of AA was carried out. The greener HPTLC technique was linear in the 25–1200 ng/band range. In addition, the method was simple, cost-effective, accurate, precise, robust, sensitive, and green. The amount of AA was highest in the SE and UAE of P. emblica compared to the SE and UAE of P. guajava and C. annuum. The amount of AA in the SE of P. emblica, P. guajava, and C. annuum was found to be 491.16, 168.91, and 144.30 mg/100 g, respectively. However, the amount of AA in the UAE of P. emblica, P. guajava, and C. annuum was found to be 673.02, 218.71, and 199.30 mg/100 g, respectively. Using the “analytical GREEnness (AGREE)” methodology, the greenness index for the developed method was calculated to be 0.88, showing that the developed method has an excellent green profile. When it came to extracting AA, the UAE method outperformed the SE method. These findings suggested that the developed method might be used to estimate the AA in a variety of vegetable crops, plant-based extracts, and commercial formulations. Furthermore, because of the use of greener solvent systems against the commonly utilized hazardous solvent systems for AA determination, this technique is also safe and sustainable.
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Nasir B, Khan AU, Baig MW, Althobaiti YS, Faheem M, Haq IU. Datura stramonium Leaf Extract Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity in CCL 4-Induced Hepatic Injury Model by Modulating Oxidative Stress Markers and iNOS/Nrf2 Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1382878. [PMID: 35342748 PMCID: PMC8942637 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1382878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a frequent phenomenon in the pathogenesis of hepatic disorders leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Phytopharmaceuticals developed from traditional medicine can provide effective therapeutic alternatives to conventional medications. Datura stramonium (DS) has reported traditional uses in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we have tried to validate its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory agents. Methods Powdered leaf part of DS was extracted using ethyl acetate (EA) to provide the extract (DSL-EA). Lymphocyte and macrophage viability and acute toxicity assays established the safety profile, while nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay estimated the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential. Noninvasive anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antinociceptive activities were monitored using BALB/c mice using low and high doses (150 and 250 mg/kg). Major inflammatory studies were performed on Sprague-Dawley male rats using CCl4-induced liver injury model. Disease induction was initiated by intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 (1 mL/kg of 30% CCl4 in olive oil). The rats were divided into six groups. The anti-inflammatory potential of DSL-EA in low and high doses (150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively) was assessed through hematological, biochemical, liver antioxidant defense, oxidative stress markers, and histological studies as well as the expression of Nrf2 and iNOS. Results DSL-EA exhibited prominent in vitro NO scavenging (IC50: 7.625 ± 0.51 μg/mL) and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in paw and anal edema models. In CCl4 model, hematological investigations revealed vasotonic effects. Liver functionality was significantly (P < 0.001 - 0.05) improved in DSL-EA-treated rats. The activity level of endogenous antioxidant enzymes in liver tissues was improved in a manner identical to silymarin. The extract reduced the percent concentration of oxidative stress markers in liver tissues. Furthermore, DSL-EA displayed restorative effects on histological parameters (H and E and Masson's trichrome staining). Immunohistochemistry studies showed marked decline in Nrf2 expression, while overexpression of iNOS was also observed in disease control rats. The damage was distinctly reversed by the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakht Nasir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Yusuf S. Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Doan VD, Nguyen VC, Nguyen TLH, Nguyen AT, Nguyen TD. Highly sensitive and low-cost colourimetric detection of glucose and ascorbic acid based on silver nanozyme biosynthesized by Gleditsia australis fruit. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 268:120709. [PMID: 34894570 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, eco-friendly and low-cost approach was used to fabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from an aqueous extract of Gleditsia australis (GA) fruit. The nanoparticles synthesized in the optimal condition have an average size of 14 nm. The peroxidase-like activity of GA-AgNP in the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in combination with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was investigated. Further, optimal conditions for the use of peroxidase-like catalytic activity in sensing applications were identified. The colourimetric detection of H2O2 showed a linear range of 1-8 mM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.34 mM. The oxidation of TMB (red-TMB) enables the detection of glucose, which is converted into H2O2 and gluconic acid in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase. The observations showed linearity from 0.05 to 1.5 mM with a LOD of 0.038 mM. Moreover, the blue colour of oxidized TMB (ox-TMB) was reduced according to ascorbic acid (AA) concentration, with a linear range of 0.03-0.14 mM and a LOD of 3.0 μM. The practical use of the sensing system for the detection of AA was studied using real fruit juice and showed good sensitivity. Hence, the easy-to-use peroxidase-like sensor provides a new platform for the detection of bioactive compounds in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Dat Doan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van-Cuong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial university of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh-Tien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Danh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A, TL29, Thanh Loc Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Wen CJ, Chiang CF, Lee CS, Lin YH, Tsai JS. Double Nutri (Liposomal Encapsulation) Enhances Bioavailability of Vitamin C and Extends Its Half-Life in Plasma. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:922-927. [PMID: 35715901 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the human body that plays a role in many body functions. Liposomal encapsulation is a technology commonly used in food processing and medicine. This study determines whether Double Nutri (liposomal encapsulation) increases the absorption rate for vitamin C supplementation. Subjects enrolled in this study took vitamin C without liposome; then, 14 d washout was given with liposomal process A vitamin C. After 14 d washout, the subjects took liposomal process B vitamin C (Double Nutri) was given. After taking the test sample, the vitamin C concentration in venous blood was measured from the baseline (0 h), 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 h. Eleven healthy subjects were recruited for three tests. The vitamin C concentration for liposomal process B vitamin C (Double Nutri) group is higher (7.26±3.52, p<0.01) than that for the liposomal process A vitamin C group (6.41±3.80, p<0.05) and for vitamin C without liposome (2.21±4.07). This shows that Double Nutri has better bioavailability and can last up in the body to 8 hours. In addition, this study shows that Double Nutri increases the half-life of vitamin C in plasma and has higher bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Jung Wen
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fu Chiang
- Research & Design Center, TCI CO., Ltd., Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Sheng Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Luzhu, Taoyuan County, 338, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Lin
- Research & Design Center, TCI CO., Ltd., Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Shiun Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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Krämer J, Kang R, Grimm LM, De Cola L, Picchetti P, Biedermann F. Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3459-3636. [PMID: 34995461 PMCID: PMC8832467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and fast-responding sensors that are applicable in biofluids (urine, blood, and saliva). Particularly, the development of sensors for metabolites, neurotransmitters, drugs, and inorganic ions is highly desirable due to a lack of suitable biosensors. In addition, the monitoring and analysis of metabolic and signaling networks in cells and organisms by optical probes and chemosensors is becoming increasingly important in molecular biology and medicine. Thus, new perspectives for personalized diagnostics, theranostics, and biochemical/medical research will be unlocked when standing limitations of artificial binders and receptors are overcome. In this review, we survey synthetic sensing systems that have promising (future) application potential for the detection of small molecules, cations, and anions in aqueous media and biofluids. Special attention was given to sensing systems that provide a readily measurable optical signal through dynamic covalent chemistry, supramolecular host-guest interactions, or nanoparticles featuring plasmonic effects. This review shall also enable the reader to evaluate the current performance of molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity with respect to practical requirement, and thereby inspiring new ideas for the development of further advanced systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Krämer
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rui Kang
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laura M. Grimm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Dipartimento
DISFARM, University of Milano, via Camillo Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Trapani S, Rubino C, Indolfi G, Lionetti P. A Narrative Review on Pediatric Scurvy: The Last Twenty Years. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030684. [PMID: 35277043 PMCID: PMC8840722 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Scurvy is a well-known clinical condition caused by vitamin C deficiency. Although considered a rare disease in high-income countries, it has been recently increasingly reported in children, especially in those with abnormal dietary habits, mental or physical disabilities. We performed an extensive review of the literature analyzing studies published in the last 20 years focusing on clinical features, differential diagnosis and diagnostic delay. Fifteen articles were selected, collectively reporting a total of 166 children. Because of the wide clinical spectrum (musculoskeletal complaints and/or mucocutaneous lesions or systemic symptoms), scurvy can mimic several conditions, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and neoplasia. In addition, frequent findings such as normal nutritional status, anemia or elevated inflammatory markers may guide clinicians towards the abovementioned misdiagnoses. Scurvy should be considered in patients presenting with musculoskeletal complaints, not only in those with risk factors but also in healthy children. A focused dietary history and a careful physical examination, assessing other signs of vitamin C deficiency, are mandatory in these patients. When suspected, the dosage of serum vitamin C is the diagnostic gold standard; furthermore, imaging studies, performed by an expert radiologist, can reveal the typical features of scurvy. Only early diagnosis can avoid unnecessary investigations and potentially fatal complications of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Trapani
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50137 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-5662480
| | - Chiara Rubino
- Pediatric Unit, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50137 Florence, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Indolfi
- Pediatric Unit, Department of NEUROFARBA, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50137 Florence, Italy;
| | - Paolo Lionetti
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of NEUROFARBA, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50137 Florence, Italy;
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Shenashen MA, Emran MY, El Sabagh A, Selim MM, Elmarakbi A, El-Safty SA. Progress in sensory devices of pesticides, pathogens, coronavirus, and chemical additives and hazards in food assessment: Food safety concerns. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 124:100866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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The Role of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Flavonoid Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030523. [PMID: 35276879 PMCID: PMC8839902 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is considered an age-related disorder of the skeletal system, characterized primarily by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), microstructural quality and an elevated risk of fragility fractures. This silent disease is increasingly becoming a global epidemic due to an aging population and longer life expectancy. It is known that nutrition and physical activity play an important role in skeletal health, both in achieving the highest BMD and in maintaining bone health. In this review, the role of macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), micronutrients (minerals—calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, as well as vitamins—D, C, K) and flavonoid polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringin) which appear to be essential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, are characterized. Moreover, the importance of various naturally available nutrients, whether in the diet or in food supplements, is emphasized. In addition to pharmacotherapy, the basis of osteoporosis prevention is a healthy diet rich mainly in fruits, vegetables, seafood and fish oil supplements, specific dairy products, containing a sufficient amount of all aforementioned nutritional substances along with regular physical activity. The effect of diet alone in this context may depend on an individual’s genotype, gene-diet interactions or the composition and function of the gut microbiota.
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Daher GS, Choi KY, Wells JW, Goyal N. A Systematic Review of Oral Nutritional Supplement and Wound Healing. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2022; 131:1358-1368. [PMID: 35043693 DOI: 10.1177/00034894211069437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the current literature for effects of oral nutritional supplement on wound healing rates in humans. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Medline and PubMed database following PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed database was searched using terms relating to oral nutritional supplement and wound healing from 1837 to March 2020. Study inclusion criteria were: (i) design: randomized controlled trials, clinical studies, observational studies, clinical trials; (ii) population: adults; and (iii) intervention: oral nutritional supplement. RESULTS The search yielded 2433 studies, 313 of which were clinical trials or clinical studies. After abstract review, 28 studies qualified to be included in the review evaluating the following supplementation categories on wound healing: protein and amino acids (10), mineral, vitamin and antioxidants (9), probiotics (1), and mixed nutrients (8). Arginine and omega-3 supplement were shown to improve wound healing in head and neck cancer patients with surgical wounds by decreasing incidence of postoperative complications and reducing length of hospital stay. Mineral, vitamins, and antioxidants enriched supplements were more beneficial in increasing wound healing than non-enriched protein supplement for diabetic foot and pressure ulcers. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of a variety of nutrients had variable effects on improving wound healing in different types of wounds. However, further research on the impact of nutritional supplements on surgical wound healing is necessary. The impact of multiple nutrient formulations may also need to be further evaluated for efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal S Daher
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Karen Y Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jeffery W Wells
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Neerav Goyal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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Ranganath Pai K, Manokaran K, Bhat P, Nayak D, Baskaran R, Paramasivam P, Ahmed S, Priya K, Balaji V. Oxidative stress and female reproductive disorder: A review. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.346088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ali M, Hussain H, Hussain A, Rauf A, Hussain W, Ullah M, Abbas S, Al-Awthan YS, Bahattab O, Khan M, Olatunde A, Almarhoon ZM, Mabkhot YN, Alshehri MM, Daştan SD, Ramadan MF, Sharifi-Rad J. Hepatoprotective Screening of Seriphidium kurramense (Qazilb.) Y.R. Ling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9026731. [PMID: 34912897 PMCID: PMC8668277 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9026731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigation on medicinal plants' therapeutic potential has gained substantial importance in the discovery of novel effective and safe therapeutic agents. The present study is aimed at investigating the hepatoprotective potential of Seriphidium kurramense methanolic extract (SKM) against carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. S. kurramense is one of the most imperative plants for its various pharmacological activities. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the hepatoprotective potential against CCl4-induced liver toxicity. The serum samples were analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) together with the oxidative stress mediator levels as nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as peroxidation and H2O2 activity. CCl4 administration resulted in an elevated free radical generation, altered liver marker (AST and ALT) enzymes, reduced antioxidant enzyme, and increased DNA damage. Methanolic extract of S. kurramense decreased CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing the antioxidant status and reducing H2O2 and nitrate content generation as well as reducing DNA damage. Additionally, SKM reversed the morphological alterations induced by CCl4 in the SKM-treated groups. These results demonstrated that SKM displayed hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroof Ali
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Amjad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar KPK, Pakistan
| | - Wahid Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College Parachinar, Kurram 26000, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Science & Technology Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 740272, Nigeria
| | - Zainab M. Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahia N. Mabkhot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sevgi Durna Daştan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
- Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Gholizadeh M, Ghafour Saeedy SA, Abdi A, Khademi F, Lorian K, Clark CC, Djafarian K. Vitamin C reduces interleukin-6 plasma concentration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Abstract
Healthy hair results from a combination of good generalized health and mindful health care practices. Many nutritional deficiencies lead to poor hair health and include changes to hair structure, texture, and viability. Although the mechanisms by which individual nutrients contribute to hair growth and maintenance have yet to be fully resolved, there are a variety of risk factors that predispose an individual to a nutritional deficiency; age, malnutrition, malabsorption, and medication use are among the most common. A thorough history should be taken in a patient with a hair disturbance to identify risk factors for a nutritional deficiency, which will then guide directed laboratory testing and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O'Connor
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. kelly.o'
| | - Lynne J Goldberg
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wani TA, Alsaif NA, Alanazi MM, Bakheit AH, Khan AA, Zargar S. Binding of colchicine and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to bovine serum albumin: An in-vitro interaction study using multispectroscopic, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Otten AT, Bourgonje AR, Peters V, Alizadeh BZ, Dijkstra G, Harmsen HJM. Vitamin C Supplementation in Healthy Individuals Leads to Shifts of Bacterial Populations in the Gut-A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081278. [PMID: 34439526 PMCID: PMC8389205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes are crucial to human health, but microbial composition is often disturbed in a number of human diseases. Accumulating evidence points to nutritional modulation of the gut microbiota as a potentially beneficial therapeutic strategy. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) may be of particular interest as it has known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated whether supplementation with high-dose vitamin C may favourably affect the composition of the gut microbiota. In this pilot study, healthy human participants received 1000 mg vitamin C supplementation daily for two weeks. Gut microbiota composition was analysed before and after intervention by performing faecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In total, 14 healthy participants were included. Daily supplementation of high-dose vitamin C led to an increase in the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae (p < 0.05), whereas decreases were observed for Bacteroidetes (p < 0.01), Enterococci (p < 0.01) and Gemmiger formicilis (p < 0.05). In addition, trends for bacterial shifts were observed for Blautia (increase) and Streptococcus thermophilus (decrease). High-dose vitamin C supplementation for two weeks shows microbiota-modulating effects in healthy individuals, with several beneficial shifts of bacterial populations. This may be relevant as these bacteria have anti-inflammatory properties and strongly associate with gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonius T. Otten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.T.O.); (A.R.B.); (V.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.T.O.); (A.R.B.); (V.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Vera Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.T.O.); (A.R.B.); (V.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.T.O.); (A.R.B.); (V.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Hermie J. M. Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-50-361-3480
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Alam W, Ullah H, Santarcangelo C, Di Minno A, Khan H, Daglia M, Arciola CR. Micronutrient Food Supplements in Patients with Gastro-Intestinal and Hepatic Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8014. [PMID: 34360782 PMCID: PMC8347237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinogenesis is the second most common cause of mortality across all types of malignancies, followed by hepatic and stomach cancers. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are key approaches to treating cancer patients, but these carry major concerns, such as a high risk of side effects, poor accessibility, and the non-selective nature of chemotherapeutics. A number of natural products have been identified as countering various forms of cancer with fewer side effects. The potential impact of vitamins and minerals on long-term health, cognition, healthy development, bone formation, and aging has been supported by experimental and epidemiological studies. Successful treatment may thus be highly influenced by the nutritional status of patients. An insufficient diet could lead to detrimental effects on immune status and tolerance to treatment, affecting the ability of chemotherapy to destroy cancerous cells. In recent decades, most cancer patients have been taking vitamins and minerals to improve standard therapy and/or to decrease the undesirable side effects of the treatment together with the underlying disease. On the other hand, taking dietary supplements during cancer therapy may affect the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Thus, micronutrients in complementary oncology must be selected appropriately and should be taken at the right time. Here, the potential impact of micronutrients on gastro-intestinal and hepatic cancers is explored and their molecular targets are laid down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (W.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (W.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.D.M.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Osanloo M, Jamali N, Nematollahi A. Improving the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil using microformulated vitamin-C. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3712-3721. [PMID: 34262730 PMCID: PMC8269572 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to improve the oxidative stability of olive oil using microformulated vitamin-C (Vit-C). The microemulsion containing 10,000 µg/ml Vit-C with a droplet size of 1,000 ± 68 nm was first prepared. Free radical scavenging of olive oil and olive oil containing blank microemulsion, different amounts of formulated Vit-C (100-500 µg/ml), and TBHQ (100 and 200 µg/ml as a standard antioxidant) was around 90% during 21 days of incubation at 60°C. The oxidative stability of the mentioned samples during incubation was investigated using the rancimat test, and their quality criteria analysis was studied by peroxide and the acid values. Results showed that the sample's acid value containing 500 µg/ml of Vit-C did not show significant differences (p < .05) with samples containing TBHQ. However, samples containing TBHQ's peroxide value were significant (p < .05) lower than samples containing 500 µg/ml of Vit-C. Furthermore, the induction time of samples containing 500 µg/ml of Vit-C was significantly (p < .05) higher than other treatments during incubation. Thus, the prepared microemulsion could be used as a natural antioxidant in the oil industry instead of harmful synthetic TBHQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical NanotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineFasa University of Medical SciencesFasaIran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterFasa University of Medical SciencesFasaIran
| | - Narjes Jamali
- Department of Food Safety and HygieneSchool of HealthFasa University of Medical SciencesFasaIran
| | - Amene Nematollahi
- Department of Food Safety and HygieneSchool of HealthFasa University of Medical SciencesFasaIran
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Das AB, Seddon AR, O'Connor KM, Hampton MB. Regulation of the epigenetic landscape by immune cell oxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:131-149. [PMID: 33444713 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Excessive production of microbicidal oxidants by neutrophils can damage host tissue. The short-term response of cells to oxidative stress is well understood, but the mechanisms behind long-term consequences require further clarification. Epigenetic pathways mediate cellular adaptation, and are therefore a potential target of oxidative stress. Indeed, there is evidence that many proteins and metabolites involved in epigenetic pathways are redox sensitive. In this review we provide an overview of the epigenetic landscape and discuss the potential for redox regulation. Using this information, we highlight specific examples where neutrophil oxidants react with epigenetic pathway components. We also use published data from redox proteomics to map out known intersections between oxidative stress and epigenetics that may signpost helpful directions for future investigation. Finally, we discuss the role neutrophils play in adaptive pathologies with a focus on tumour initiation and progression. We hope this information will stimulate further discourse on the emerging field of redox epigenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Das
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Annika R Seddon
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Karina M O'Connor
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Mark B Hampton
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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James PT, Ali Z, Armitage AE, Bonell A, Cerami C, Drakesmith H, Jobe M, Jones KS, Liew Z, Moore SE, Morales-Berstein F, Nabwera HM, Nadjm B, Pasricha SR, Scheelbeek P, Silver MJ, Teh MR, Prentice AM. The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity of Disease: A Systematic Review. J Nutr 2021; 151:1854-1878. [PMID: 33982105 PMCID: PMC8194602 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many nutrients have powerful immunomodulatory actions with the potential to alter susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, progression to symptoms, likelihood of severe disease, and survival. OBJECTIVE The aim was to review the latest evidence on how malnutrition across all its forms (under- and overnutrition and micronutrient status) may influence both susceptibility to, and progression of, COVID-19. METHODS We synthesized information on 13 nutrition-related components and their potential interactions with COVID-19: overweight, obesity, and diabetes; protein-energy malnutrition; anemia; vitamins A, C, D, and E; PUFAs; iron; selenium; zinc; antioxidants; and nutritional support. For each section we provide: 1) a landscape review of pertinent material; 2) a systematic search of the literature in PubMed and EMBASE databases, including a wide range of preprint servers; and 3) a screen of 6 clinical trial registries. All original research was considered, without restriction to study design, and included if it covered: 1) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (CoV) 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), or SARS-CoV viruses and 2) disease susceptibility or 3) disease progression, and 4) the nutritional component of interest. Searches took place between 16 May and 11 August 2020. RESULTS Across the 13 searches, 2732 articles from PubMed and EMBASE, 4164 articles from the preprint servers, and 433 trials were returned. In the final narrative synthesis, we include 22 published articles, 38 preprint articles, and 79 trials. CONCLUSIONS Currently there is limited evidence that high-dose supplements of micronutrients will either prevent severe disease or speed up recovery. However, results of clinical trials are eagerly awaited. Given the known impacts of all forms of malnutrition on the immune system, public health strategies to reduce micronutrient deficiencies and undernutrition remain of critical importance. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes will reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes. This review is registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020186194.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T James
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zakari Ali
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Bonell
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Carla Cerami
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Modou Jobe
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Kerry S Jones
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zara Liew
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Morales-Berstein
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M Nabwera
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Behzad Nadjm
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Sant-Rayn Pasricha
- Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Pauline Scheelbeek
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matt J Silver
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan R Teh
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
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50
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Das S, Reddy RC, Chadchan KS, Patil AJ, Biradar MS, Das KK. Nickel and Oxidative Stress: Cell Signaling Mechanisms and Protective Role of Vitamin C. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:1024-1031. [PMID: 31804169 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191205122249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel activates the signaling pathways through the oxygen sensing mechanism and the signaling cascades that control hypoxia-inducible transcriptional gene expressions through oxidative stress. This review emphasizes on the recent updates of nickel toxicities on oxidant and antioxidant balance, molecular interaction of nickel and its signal transduction through low oxygen microenvironment in the in-vivo physiological system. DISCUSSION Nickel alters intracellular chemical microenvironment by increasing ionized calcium concentration, lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase, constitutive nitric oxide synthase, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-α, caspases, complement activation, heat shock protein 70 kDa and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. The oxidative stress induced by nickel is responsible for the progression of metastasis. It has been observed that nickel exposure induces the generation of reactive oxygen species which leads to the increased expression of p53, NF-kβ, AP-1, and MAPK. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) prevents lipid peroxidation, oxidation of low-density lipoproteins and advanced oxidation protein products. The mechanism involves that vitamin C is capable of reducing ferric iron to ferrous iron in the duodenum, thus the availability of divalent ferrous ion increases which competes with nickel (a divalent cation itself) and reduces its intestinal absorption and nickel toxicities. CONCLUSION Reports suggested the capability of ascorbic acid as a regulatory factor to influence gene expression, apoptosis and other cellular functions of the living system exposed to heavy metals, including nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Das
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V. P. Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Rachamalla C Reddy
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kailash S Chadchan
- Department of Chemistry, BLDEA's V. P. Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur- 586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun J Patil
- Department of Biochemistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences "Deemed to be University", Karad- 415539, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mallanagouda S Biradar
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
| | - Kusal K Das
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India
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