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Erkert L, Gamez-Belmonte R, Kabisch M, Schödel L, Patankar JV, Gonzalez-Acera M, Mahapatro M, Bao LL, Plattner C, Kühl AA, Shen J, Serneels L, De Strooper B, Neurath MF, Wirtz S, Becker C. Alzheimer's disease-related presenilins are key to intestinal epithelial cell function and gut immune homoeostasis. Gut 2024; 73:1618-1631. [PMID: 38684238 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in presenilin genes are the major cause of Alzheimer's disease. However, little is known about their expression and function in the gut. In this study, we identify the presenilins Psen1 and Psen2 as key molecules that maintain intestinal homoeostasis. DESIGN Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and control samples were analysed for Psen1 expression. Newly generated intestinal epithelium-specific Psen1-deficient, Psen2-deficient and inducible Psen1/Psen2 double-deficient mice were used to dissect the functional role of presenilins in intestinal homoeostasis. RESULTS Psen1 expression was regulated in experimental gut inflammation and in patients with IBD. Induced deletion of Psen1 and Psen2 in mice caused rapid weight loss and spontaneous development of intestinal inflammation. Mice exhibited epithelial barrier disruption with bacterial translocation and deregulation of key pathways for nutrient uptake. Wasting disease was independent of gut inflammation and dysbiosis, as depletion of microbiota rescued Psen-deficient animals from spontaneous colitis development but not from weight loss. On a molecular level, intestinal epithelial cells lacking Psen showed impaired Notch signalling and dysregulated epithelial differentiation. CONCLUSION Overall, our study provides evidence that Psen1 and Psen2 are important guardians of intestinal homoeostasis and future targets for barrier-promoting therapeutic strategies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Erkert
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Reyes Gamez-Belmonte
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Kabisch
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lena Schödel
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jay V Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mousumi Mahapatro
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Li-Li Bao
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Christina Plattner
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lutgarde Serneels
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute@UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Jonchère V, Montémont H, Le Scanf E, Siret A, Letourneur Q, Tubacher E, Battail C, Fall A, Labreche K, Renault V, Ratovomanana T, Buhard O, Jolly A, Le Rouzic P, Feys C, Despras E, Zouali H, Nicolle R, Cervera P, Svrcek M, Bourgoin P, Blanché H, Boland A, Lefèvre J, Parc Y, Touat M, Bielle F, Arzur D, Cueff G, Le Jossic-Corcos C, Quéré G, Dujardin G, Blondel M, Le Maréchal C, Cohen R, André T, Coulet F, de la Grange P, de Reyniès A, Fléjou JF, Renaud F, Alentorn A, Corcos L, Deleuze JF, Collura A, Duval A. Microsatellite instability at U2AF-binding polypyrimidic tract sites perturbs alternative splicing during colorectal cancer initiation. Genome Biol 2024; 25:210. [PMID: 39107855 PMCID: PMC11304650 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI) due to mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) is common in colorectal cancer (CRC). These cancers are associated with somatic coding events, but the noncoding pathophysiological impact of this genomic instability is yet poorly understood. Here, we perform an analysis of coding and noncoding MSI events at the different steps of colorectal tumorigenesis using whole exome sequencing and search for associated splicing events via RNA sequencing at the bulk-tumor and single-cell levels. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that MSI leads to hundreds of noncoding DNA mutations, notably at polypyrimidine U2AF RNA-binding sites which are endowed with cis-activity in splicing, while higher frequency of exon skipping events are observed in the mRNAs of MSI compared to non-MSI CRC. At the DNA level, these noncoding MSI mutations occur very early prior to cell transformation in the dMMR colonic crypt, accounting for only a fraction of the exon skipping in MSI CRC. At the RNA level, the aberrant exon skipping signature is likely to impair colonic cell differentiation in MSI CRC affecting the expression of alternative exons encoding protein isoforms governing cell fate, while also targeting constitutive exons, making dMMR cells immunogenic in early stage before the onset of coding mutations. This signature is characterized by its similarity to the oncogenic U2AF1-S34F splicing mutation observed in several other non-MSI cancer. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings provide evidence that a very early RNA splicing signature partly driven by MSI impairs cell differentiation and promotes MSI CRC initiation, far before coding mutations which accumulate later during MSI tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Jonchère
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Montémont
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Enora Le Scanf
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Aurélie Siret
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Letourneur
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Tubacher
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), Paris, France
| | - Christophe Battail
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Assane Fall
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Karim Labreche
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Victor Renault
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), Paris, France
| | - Toky Ratovomanana
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Buhard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Le Rouzic
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Cody Feys
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Despras
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Habib Zouali
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), Paris, France
| | - Rémy Nicolle
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité Des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Cervera
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital Saint-Antoine, 47-83 Boulevard de L'hôpital, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Magali Svrcek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital Saint-Antoine, 47-83 Boulevard de L'hôpital, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bourgoin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital Saint-Antoine, 47-83 Boulevard de L'hôpital, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blanché
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Jérémie Lefèvre
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Yann Parc
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Touat
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Institut du Cerveau Et de La Moelle Épinière, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2 Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau Et de La Moelle Épinière, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neuropathologie Laboratoire Escourolle, Paris, France
| | - Danielle Arzur
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Gwennina Cueff
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Catherine Le Jossic-Corcos
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Gaël Quéré
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Gwendal Dujardin
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Marc Blondel
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Cédric Le Maréchal
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Thierry André
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Florence Coulet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Genetics Department, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Programme "Cartes d'Identité Des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Fléjou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital Saint-Antoine, 47-83 Boulevard de L'hôpital, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Florence Renaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Agusti Alentorn
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Corcos
- INSERM, UMR 1078, Université de Brest, Génétique Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, Etablissement Français du Sang, F-29200, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Laboratory for Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset-CEPH (Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain), Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Ada Collura
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Alex Duval
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité Des Microsatellites Et Cancer, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, 75012, Paris, France.
- Genetics Department, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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Guo P, Chen L, Yang D, Zhang L, Shu C, Li H, Zhu J, Zhou J, Li X. Predictive value of plasma ephrinB2 levels for amputation risk following endovascular revascularization in peripheral artery disease. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17531. [PMID: 38854794 PMCID: PMC11162178 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to investigate the expression levels of ephrinB2 in patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and explore its association with the severity of the disease and the risk of amputation after endovascular revascularization. Methods During the period from March 2021 to March 2023, this study collected blood samples and clinical data from 133 patients diagnosed with lower extremity PAD and 51 healthy volunteer donors. The severity of lower extremity PAD patients was classified using the Rutherford categories. The expression of ephrin-B2 in plasma samples was detected using the Western Blotting. Results Compared to the control group, the levels of serum ephrinB2 in patients were significantly elevated (p < 0.001). Moreover, the plasma EphrinB2 levels were positively correlated with white blood cell counts (r = 0.204, p = 0.018), neutrophil counts (r = 0.174, p = 0.045), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (r = 0.223, p = 0.009). Furthermore, the AUCs of plasma ephrinB2 level, NLR, and their combination as predictors for amputation events within 30 months after lower extremity PAD endovascular revascularization were 0.659, 0.730 and 0.811. In the high-ephrinB2 group, the incidence of amputation events within 30 months after endovascular revascularization was higher. Conclusions Plasma EphrinB2 levels may be linked to lower extremity PAD development, inflammation, and postoperative amputation. Combining EphrinB2 and NLR can improve amputation prediction accuracy after endovascular revascularization in lower extremity PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Guo
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Pharmacy Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Cardiology Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huande Li
- Pharmacy Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Jieting Zhu
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
| | - Jienan Zhou
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Vascular Surgery Department, the Secondary Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vascular Diseases, Central South University, Chang Sha, Hunan, China
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4
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Li C, Sun Y, He T, Lu Y, Szeto IMY, Duan S, Zhang Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhang W, He J, Li Y. Synergistic effect of lactoferrin and osteopontin on intestinal barrier injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127416. [PMID: 37838132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Several studies indicate that the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier can lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent evidence has increasingly demonstrated that lactoferrin (LF) and osteopontin (OPN) can alleviate intestinal barrier injury. However, the potential synergistic effects of these two proteins and the mechanisms underlying their effects remain unclear. To address this question, we developed a lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier injury model in C57BL/6 N mice. Our findings demonstrated that the combination of LF and OPN at a 1:5 ratio exerts the strongest protective effect on the intestinal barrier, and it is more effective than LF or OPN alone. This protection is evidenced by the decrease in serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (1.66-fold decrease) and D-lactic content (1.51-fold decrease) and the reduced rate of FITC-labeled glucan transport across the jejunum (3.18-fold decrease). Moreover, the protein combination significantly promoted villi length (1.66-fold increase) and crypt depth (1.57-fold increase), improved tight junction protein structure and expression, and boosted the number of absorptive cells (4.34-fold increase) in the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, the combination promoted crypt cell proliferation and differentiation via Notch signaling. In summary, our findings provide scientific evidence supporting the use of dietary intervention strategies for preventing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tingchao He
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yao Lu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Sufang Duan
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Biao Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group, Co. Ltd., Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute (YMINI), Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian He
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Daily, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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5
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Yuan T, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Fan S. Single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal crypts reveals vital events in damage repair and the double-edged sword effect of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway in irradiated mice. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102942. [PMID: 37918127 PMCID: PMC10638071 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we executed single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal crypts. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different time points (the first, third, and fifth days) after 13 Gy and 15 Gy abdominal body radiation (ABR) exposure and then executed gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, RNA velocity analysis, cell communication analysis, and ligand‒receptor interaction analysis to explore the vital events in damage repair and the multiple effects of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway on irradiated mice. Results from bioinformatics analysis were confirmed by a series of biological experiments. Results showed that the antibacterial response is a vital event during the damage response process after 13 Gy ABR exposure; ionizing radiation (IR) induced high heterogeneity in the transient amplification (TA) cluster, which may differentiate into mature cells and stem cells in irradiated small intestine (SI) crypts. Conducting an enrichment analysis of the DEGs between mice exposed to 13 Gy and 15 Gy ABR, we concluded that the Wnt3/β-catenin and MIF-CD74/CD44 signaling pathways may contribute to 15 Gy ABR-induced mouse death. Wnt3/β-catenin promotes the recovery of irradiated SI stem/progenitor cells, which may trigger macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) release to further repair IR-induced SI injury; however, with the increase in radiation dose, activation of CD44 on macrophages provides the receptor for MIF signal transduction, initiating the inflammatory cascade response and ultimately causing a cytokine release syndrome. In contrast to previous research, we confirmed that inhibition of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway or blockade of CD44 on the second day after 15 Gy ABR may significantly protect against ABR-induced death. This study indicates that the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway plays multiple roles in damage repair after IR exposure; we also propose a novel point that the interaction between intestinal crypt stem cells (ISCs) and macrophages through the MIF-CD74/CD44 axis may exacerbate SI damage in irradiated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Krzysiek-Maczka G, Brzozowski T, Ptak-Belowska A. Helicobacter pylori-activated fibroblasts as a silent partner in gastric cancer development. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1219-1256. [PMID: 37460910 PMCID: PMC10713772 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection of gastric mucosa leading to active chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, and MALT lymphoma laid the groundwork for understanding of the general relationship between chronic infection, inflammation, and cancer. Nevertheless, this sequence of events is still far from full understanding with new players and mediators being constantly identified. Originally, the Hp virulence factors affecting mainly gastric epithelium were proposed to contribute considerably to gastric inflammation, ulceration, and cancer. Furthermore, it has been shown that Hp possesses the ability to penetrate the mucus layer and directly interact with stroma components including fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. These cells, which are the source of biophysical and biochemical signals providing the proper balance between cell proliferation and differentiation within gastric epithelial stem cell compartment, when exposed to Hp, can convert into cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype. The crosstalk between fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with gastric epithelial cells including stem/progenitor cell niche involves several pathways mediated by non-coding RNAs, Wnt, BMP, TGF-β, and Notch signaling ligands. The current review concentrates on the consequences of Hp-induced increase in gastric fibroblast and myofibroblast number, and their activation towards CAFs with the emphasis to the altered communication between mesenchymal and epithelial cell compartment, which may lead to inflammation, epithelial stem cell overproliferation, disturbed differentiation, and gradual gastric cancer development. Thus, Hp-activated fibroblasts may constitute the target for anti-cancer treatment and, importantly, for the pharmacotherapies diminishing their activation particularly at the early stages of Hp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracjana Krzysiek-Maczka
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531, Kraków, Poland
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7
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Atanga R, Romero AS, Hernandez AJ, Peralta-Herrera E, Merkley SD, In JG, Castillo EF. Inflammatory macrophages prevent colonic goblet and enteroendocrine cell differentiation through Notch signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.29.547119. [PMID: 37425818 PMCID: PMC10327198 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.547119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory macrophages in the intestine are a key pathogenic factor driving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we report the role of inflammatory macrophage-mediated notch signaling on secretory lineage differentiation in the intestinal epithelium. Utilizing IL-10-deficient (Il10-/-) mice, a model of spontaneous colitis, we found an increase in Notch activity in the colonic epithelium as well as an increase in intestinal macrophages expressing Notch ligands, which are increased in macrophages upon inflammatory stimuli. Furthermore, a co-culture system of inflammatory macrophages and intestinal stem and proliferative cells during differentiation reduced goblet and enteroendocrine cells. This was recapitulated when utilizing a Notch agonist on human colonic organoids (colonoids). In summary, our findings indicate that inflammatory macrophages upregulate notch ligands that activate notch signaling in ISC via cell-cell interactions, which in turn inhibits secretory lineage differentiation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Atanga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Aaron S. Romero
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Anthony Jimenez Hernandez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | - Seth D. Merkley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Julie G. In
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Eliseo F. Castillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM
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8
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Liu Y, Yu Z, Zhu L, Ma S, Luo Y, Liang H, Liu Q, Chen J, Guli S, Chen X. Orchestration of MUC2 - The key regulatory target of gut barrier and homeostasis: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123862. [PMID: 36870625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut mucosa of human is covered by mucus, functioning as a crucial defense line for the intestine against external stimuli and pathogens. Mucin2 (MUC2) is a subtype of secretory mucins generated by goblet cells and is the major macromolecular component of mucus. Currently, there is an increasing interest on the investigations of MUC2, noting that its function is far beyond a maintainer of the mucus barrier. Moreover, numerous gut diseases are associated with dysregulated MUC2 production. Appropriate production level of MUC2 and mucus contributes to gut barrier function and homeostasis. The production of MUC2 is regulated by a series of physiological processes, which are orchestrated by various bioactive molecules, signaling pathways and gut microbiota, etc., forming a complex regulatory network. Incorporating the latest findings, this review provided a comprehensive summary of MUC2, including its structure, significance and secretory process. Furthermore, we also summarized the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of MUC2 production aiming to provide developmental directions for future researches on MUC2, which can act as a potential prognostic indicator and targeted therapeutic manipulation for diseases. Collectively, we elucidated the micro-level mechanisms underlying MUC2-related phenotypes, hoping to offer some constructive guidance for intestinal and overall health of mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zihan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Huixi Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qinlingfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Sitan Guli
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.
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9
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A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) Is Essential for Oligodendrocyte Precursor Development and Myelination in the Mouse Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1675-1689. [PMID: 36550333 PMCID: PMC9899191 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of various neural cells. Nevertheless, the role of ADAM10 in oligodendrocyte precursors (OPCs) and myelination in the central nervous system (CNS) of developing and adult mouse brains is still unknown. We generated ADAM10 conditional knockout (ADAM10 cKO) mice lacking the ADAM10 gene primarily in OPCs by crossing NG2-Cre mice with ADAM10 loxp/loxp mice. We found that OPCs expressed ADAM10 in the mouse corpus callosum and the hippocampus. ADAM10 cKO mice showed significant loss of back hair and reduction in weight and length on postnatal (30 ± 2.1) day, died at (65 ± 5) days after birth, and exhibited the "anxiety and depression-like" performances. Conditional knockout of ADAM10 in OPCs resulted in a prominent increase in myelination and a decrease in the number of OPCs in the corpus callosum at P30 owing to premyelination and lack of proliferation of OPCs. Moreover, the number of proliferating OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) also decreased with age in the corpus callosum of ADAM10 cKO mice from P30 to P60. Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that the activation of Notch-1 and its four target genes, Hes1, Hes5, Hey1, and Hey2, was inhibited in the corpus callosum tissue of ADAM10 knockout mice. In our study, we provided experimental evidence to demonstrate that ADAM10 is essential for modulating CNS myelination and OPC development by activating Notch-1 signaling in the developing and adult mouse brain.
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10
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Arai J, Otoyama Y, Nozawa H, Kato N, Yoshida H. The immunological role of ADAMs in the field of gastroenterological chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers: a review. Oncogene 2023; 42:549-558. [PMID: 36572816 PMCID: PMC9937921 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases cleave transmembrane proteins that play critical roles in inflammation and cancers. Metalloproteinases include a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM), which we previously examined using a fluorescence assay system, and described their association with resistance to systemic therapy in cancer patients. There are also many reports on the relation between ADAM expression and the prognosis of patients with gastroenterological chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. Inhibiting their immunomodulating activity in chronic inflammation restores innate immunity and potentially prevents the development of various cancers. Among the numerous critical immune system-related molecules, we focus on major histocompatibility complex class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), MICB, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, TNF-α, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), and Notch. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of ADAMs in gastroenterological diseases with regard to the immune system. Several Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved inhibitors of ADAMs have been identified, and potential therapies for targeting ADAMs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers are discussed. Some ongoing clinical trials for cancers targeting ADAMs are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yumi Otoyama
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Nozawa
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshida
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Qiu Y, Phanor SK, Pyo S, Cheng CW. Modeling Notch Activity and Lineage Decisions Using Intestinal Organoids. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2650:123-132. [PMID: 37310628 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3076-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organoid cultures have been developed to model intestinal stem cell (ISC) function in self-renewal and differentiation. Upon differentiation, the first fate decision for ISC and early progenitors to make is between secretory (Paneth cell, goblet cell, enteroendocrine cell, or tuft cell) and absorptive (enterocyte and M cell) lineages. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, in vivo studies in the past decade have revealed that Notch signaling functions as a binary switch for the secretory vs. absorptive lineage decision in adult intestine. Recent breakthroughs in organoid-based assays enable real-time observation of smaller-scale and higher-throughput experiments in vitro, which have begun contributing to new understandings of mechanistic principles underlying intestinal differentiation. In this chapter, we summarize the in vivo and in vitro tools for modulating Notch signaling and assess its impact on intestinal cell fate. We also provide example protocols of how to use intestinal organoids as functional assays to study Notch activity in intestinal lineage decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Qiu
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina K Phanor
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Subin Pyo
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chia-Wei Cheng
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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12
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McMillan N, Kirschen GW, Desai S, Xia E, Tsirka SE, Aguirre A. ADAM10 facilitates rapid neural stem cell cycling and proper positioning within the subventricular zone niche via JAMC/RAP1Gap signaling. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2472-2483. [PMID: 35535899 PMCID: PMC9120697 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.339007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate neural stem cell (NSC) lineage progression and maintain NSCs within different domains of the adult neural stem cell niche, the subventricular zone are not well defined. Quiescent NSCs are arranged at the apical ventricular wall, while mitotically activated NSCs are found in the basal, vascular region of the subventricular zone. Here, we found that ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10) is essential in NSC association with the ventricular wall, and via this adhesion to the apical domain, ADAM10 regulates the switch from quiescent and undifferentiated NSC to an actively proliferative and differentiating cell state. Processing of JAMC (junctional adhesion molecule C) by ADAM10 increases Rap1GAP activity. This molecular machinery promotes NSC transit from the apical to the basal compartment and subsequent lineage progression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating the proper positioning of NSCs within the subventricular zone niche and lineage progression of NSCs could provide new targets for drug development to enhance the regenerative properties of neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia McMillan
- Program in Neuroscience and Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory W. Kirschen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanket Desai
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Emma Xia
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stella E. Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Adan Aguirre
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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13
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Adam10-dependent Notch signaling establishes dental epithelial cell boundaries required for enamel formation. iScience 2022; 25:105154. [PMID: 36193048 PMCID: PMC9526176 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The disintegrin and metalloproteinase Adam10 is a membrane-bound sheddase that regulates Notch signaling and ensures epidermal integrity. To address the function of Adam10 in the continuously growing incisors, we used Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl transgenic mice, in which Adam10 is conditionally deleted in the dental epithelium. Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl mice exhibited severe abnormalities, including defective enamel formation reminiscent of human enamel pathologies. Histological analyses of mutant incisors revealed absence of stratum intermedium, and severe disorganization of enamel-secreting ameloblasts. In situ hybridization and immunostaining analyses in the Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl incisors showed strong Notch1 downregulation in dental epithelium and ectopic distribution of enamel-specific molecules, including ameloblastin and amelogenin. Lineage tracing studies using Notch1CreERT2;R26mT/mG mice demonstrated that loss of the stratum intermedium cells was due to their fate switch toward the ameloblast lineage. Overall, our data reveal that in the continuously growing incisors the Adam10/Notch axis controls dental epithelial cell boundaries, cell fate switch and proper enamel formation. ADAM10 deletion in the dental epithelium causes the formation of defective enamel ADAM10 deletion leads to loss of stratum intermedium and Notch1 expression ADAM10 deletion leads to stratum intermedium-to-ameloblast cell fate switch
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Dou Y, Pizarro T, Zhou L. Organoids as a Model System for Studying Notch Signaling in Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis and Intestinal Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1347-1357. [PMID: 35752229 PMCID: PMC9552028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organoid culture is an approach that allows three-dimensional growth for stem cells to self-organize and develop multicellular structures. Intestinal organoids have been widely used to study cellular or molecular processes in stem cell and cancer research. These cultures possess the ability to maintain cellular complexity as well as recapitulate many properties of the human intestinal epithelium, thereby providing an ideal in vitro model to investigate cellular and molecular signaling pathways. These include, but are not limited to, the mechanisms required for maintaining balanced populations of epithelial cells. Notch signaling is one of the major pathways of regulating stem cell functions in the gut, driving proliferation and controlling cell fate determination. Notch also plays an important role in regulating tumor progression and metastasis. Understanding how Notch pathway regulates epithelial regeneration and differentiation by using intestinal organoids is critical for studying both homeostasis and pathogenesis of intestinal stem cells that can lead to discoveries of new targets for drug development to treat intestinal diseases. In addition, use of patient-derived organoids can provide effective personalized medicine. This review summarizes the current literature regarding epithelial Notch pathways regulating intestinal homeostasis and regeneration, highlighting the use of organoid cultures and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtong Dou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Theresa Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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15
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Bacillus subtilis programs the differentiation of intestinal secretory lineages to inhibit Salmonella infection. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111416. [PMID: 36170821 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of intestinal microbiota on fate determination of intestinal epithelial cells has not been extensively examined. In this study, we explore the effect of Bacillus subtilis on programmed intestinal epithelial differentiation. We find that B. subtilis stimulates the differentiation of intestinal secretory cells. Moreover, B. subtilis inhibits the Notch pathway to reduce the expression of hairy and enhancer of split 1, thereby shifting intestinal stem cell differentiation toward a secretory cell fate. Moreover, we demonstrate that the programming effect of B. subtilis on intestinal differentiation is Toll-like receptor 2 pathway dependent. B. subtilis is associated with increased numbers of Paneth and goblet cells in the intestine. This results in the production of antimicrobial peptides to protect the intestinal mucosal barrier against Salmonella typhimurium. This study demonstrates that B. subtilis contributes to the differentiation of secretory cells by affecting Notch pathway signaling to maintain the intestinal barrier.
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16
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Tsai YH, Wu A, Wu JH, Capeling MM, Holloway EM, Huang S, Czerwinkski M, Glass I, Higgins PDR, Spence JR. Acquisition of NOTCH dependence is a hallmark of human intestinal stem cell maturation. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1138-1153. [PMID: 35395175 PMCID: PMC9133587 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
NOTCH signaling is a key regulator involved in maintaining intestinal stem cell (ISC) homeostasis and for balancing differentiation. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we observed that OLFM4, a NOTCH target gene present in ISCs, is first expressed at 13 weeks post-conception in the developing human intestine and increases over time. This led us to hypothesize that the requirement for NOTCH signaling is acquired across human development. To test this, we established a series of epithelium-only organoids (enteroids) from different developmental stages and used γ-secretase inhibitors (dibenzazepine [DBZ] or DAPT) to functionally block NOTCH signaling. Using quantitative enteroid-forming assays, we observed a decrease in enteroid forming efficiency in response to γ-secretase inhibition as development progress. When DBZ was added to cultures and maintained during routine passaging, enteroids isolated from tissue before 20 weeks had higher recovery rates following single-cell serial passaging. Finally, bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis 1 day and 3 days after DBZ treatment showed major differences in the transcriptional changes between developing or adult enteroids. Collectively, these data suggest that ISC dependence on NOTCH signaling increases as the human intestine matures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hwai Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Angeline Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joshua H Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Meghan M Capeling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily M Holloway
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Czerwinkski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ian Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Peter D R Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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17
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Nauman M, Stanley P. Glycans that regulate Notch signaling in the intestine. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:689-701. [PMID: 35311893 PMCID: PMC9370068 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is key to the maintenance of good health. The small intestine plays important roles in absorption, digestion, hormonal and immune functions. Crypt base columnar (CBC) stem cells residing at the bottom of crypts are nurtured by Paneth cells, and together create the stem cell niche, the foundation of intestinal homeostasis. CBC stem cells replicate to replenish their number, or differentiate into a variety of epithelial cells with specialized functions. Notch signaling is a cell-cell signaling pathway that regulates both the proliferation and differentiation of CBC stem cells. NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 stimulated by canonical Notch ligands DLL1 and DLL4 mediate Notch signaling in the intestine that, in concert with other signaling pathways including the WNT and BMP pathways, determines cell fates. Importantly, interactions between Notch receptors and canonical Notch ligands are regulated by O-glycans linked to Ser/Thr in epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats of the Notch receptor extracellular domain (NECD). The O-glycans attached to NECD are key regulators of the strength of Notch signaling. Imbalances in Notch signaling result in altered cell fate decisions and may lead to cancer in the intestine. In this review, we summarize the impacts of mutations in Notch pathway members on intestinal development and homeostasis, with a focus on the glycosyltransferases that transfer O-glycans to EGF repeats of NOTCH1, NOTCH2, DLL1 and DLL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nauman
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, U.S.A
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18
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Heib M, Weiß J, Saggau C, Hoyer J, Fuchslocher Chico J, Voigt S, Adam D. Ars moriendi: Proteases as sculptors of cellular suicide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119191. [PMID: 34973300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Ars moriendi, which translates to "The Art of Dying," encompasses two Latin texts that gave advice on how to die well and without fear according to the Christian precepts of the late Middle Ages. Given that ten to hundred billion cells die in our bodies every day, it is obvious that the concept of a well and orderly ("regulated") death is also paramount at the cellular level. In apoptosis, as the most well-studied form of regulated cell death, proteases of the caspase family are the central mediators. However, caspases are not the only proteases that act as sculptors of cellular suicide, and therefore, we here provide an overview of the impact of proteases in apoptosis and other forms of regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Heib
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Weiß
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Justus Hoyer
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Susann Voigt
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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19
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de Jong JCW, Ijssennagger N, van Mil SWC. Breast milk nutrients driving intestinal epithelial layer maturation via Wnt and Notch signaling: Implications for necrotizing enterocolitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166229. [PMID: 34329708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an often lethal, inflammatory disease of the preterm intestine. The underdeveloped immune system plays an important role; however, the initial trigger for NEC development is likely a damaged intestinal epithelial layer. We hypothesize that due to incomplete maturation of different epithelial cell lineages, nutrients and bacteria are able to damage the epithelial cells and cause the (immature) inflammatory response, food intolerance and malabsorption seen in NEC. Intestinal organoid research has shown that maturation of intestinal epithelial cell lineages is orchestrated by two key signaling pathways: Wnt and Notch. In NEC, these pathways are dysregulated by hyperactivation of Toll-like-receptor-4. Breastfeeding decreases the risk of developing NEC compared to formula milk. Here, we review the intricate link between breast milk components, Wnt and Notch signaling and intestinal epithelial maturation. We argue that (nutritional) interventions regulating these pathways may decrease the risk of NEC development in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C W de Jong
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, 3508 AB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia W C van Mil
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, 3508 AB, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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20
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Sachs M, Wetzel S, Reichelt J, Sachs W, Schebsdat L, Zielinski S, Seipold L, Heintz L, Müller SA, Kretz O, Lindenmeyer M, Wiech T, Huber TB, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Lichtenthaler SF, Saftig P, Meyer-Schwesinger C. ADAM10-Mediated Ectodomain Shedding Is an Essential Driver of Podocyte Damage. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1389-1408. [PMID: 33785583 PMCID: PMC8259650 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020081213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podocytes embrace the glomerular capillaries with foot processes, which are interconnected by a specialized adherens junction to ultimately form the filtration barrier. Altered adhesion and loss are common features of podocyte injury, which could be mediated by shedding of cell-adhesion molecules through the regulated activity of cell surface-expressed proteases. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is such a protease known to mediate ectodomain shedding of adhesion molecules, among others. Here we evaluate the involvement of ADAM10 in the process of antibody-induced podocyte injury. METHODS Membrane proteomics, immunoblotting, high-resolution microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy were used to analyze human and murine podocyte ADAM10 expression in health and kidney injury. The functionality of ADAM10 ectodomain shedding for podocyte development and injury was analyzed, in vitro and in vivo, in the anti-podocyte nephritis (APN) model in podocyte-specific, ADAM10-deficient mice. RESULTS ADAM10 is selectively localized at foot processes of murine podocytes and its expression is dispensable for podocyte development. Podocyte ADAM10 expression is induced in the setting of antibody-mediated injury in humans and mice. Podocyte ADAM10 deficiency attenuates the clinical course of APN and preserves the morphologic integrity of podocytes, despite subepithelial immune-deposit formation. Functionally, ADAM10-related ectodomain shedding results in cleavage of the cell-adhesion proteins N- and P-cadherin, thus decreasing their injury-related surface levels. This favors podocyte loss and the activation of downstream signaling events through the Wnt signaling pathway in an ADAM10-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding of injury-related cadherins drives podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Sachs
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wetzel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Reichelt
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sachs
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Schebsdat
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zielinski
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Seipold
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lukas Heintz
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan A. Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Nephropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan F. Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Krishnan M, Kumar S, Kangale LJ, Ghigo E, Abnave P. The Act of Controlling Adult Stem Cell Dynamics: Insights from Animal Models. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050667. [PMID: 33946143 PMCID: PMC8144950 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells (ASCs) are the undifferentiated cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities. They are present in all major organ systems of the body and are uniquely reserved there during development for tissue maintenance during homeostasis, injury, and infection. They do so by promptly modulating the dynamics of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Any imbalance in these processes may result in regeneration failure or developing cancer. Hence, the dynamics of these various behaviors of ASCs need to always be precisely controlled. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been demonstrated to be involved in tightly regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of ASCs. Understanding these mechanisms is of great importance, given the role of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Investigations on various animal models have played a significant part in enriching our knowledge and giving In Vivo in-sight into such ASCs regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we have discussed the recent In Vivo studies demonstrating the role of various genetic factors in regulating dynamics of different ASCs viz. intestinal stem cells (ISCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and epidermal stem cells (Ep-SCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Krishnan
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Luis Johnson Kangale
- IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France;
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Eric Ghigo
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
- TechnoJouvence, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Prasad Abnave
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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ADAM10 is involved in the oncogenic process and chemo-resistance of triple-negative breast cancer via regulating Notch1 signaling pathway, CD44 and PrPc. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:32. [PMID: 33413403 PMCID: PMC7791678 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01727-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype to treat, because it is so aggressive with shorter survival. Chemotherapy remains the standard treatment due to the lack of specific and effective molecular targets. The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential roles of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) on TNBC cells and the effects of combining ADAM10 expression and neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment (NACT) to improve the overall survival in breast cancer patients. Methods Using a series of breast cancer cell lines, we measured the expression of ADAM10 and its substrates by quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Cell migration and invasion, cell proliferation, drug sensitivity assay, cell cycle and apoptosis were conducted in MDA-MB-231 cells cultured with ADAM10 siRNA. The effect of ADAM10 down-regulation by siRNA on its substrates was assessed by western blot analysis. We performed immunohistochemical staining for ADAM10 in clinical breast cancer tissues in 94 patients receiving NACT. Results The active form of ADAM10 was highly expressed in TNBC cell lines. Knockdown of ADAM10 in MDA-MB-231 cells led to a significant decrease in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the IC50 value of paclitaxel and adriamycin, while induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. And these changes were correlated with down-regulation of Notch signaling, CD44 and cellular prion protein (PrPc). In clinical breast cancer cases, a high ADAM10 expression in pre-NACT samples was strongly associated with poorer response to NACT and shorter overall survival. Conclusions These data suggest the previously unrecognized roles of ADAM10 in contributing to the progression and chemo-resistance of TNBC.
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23
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Zheng Y, Verhoeff TA, Perez Pardo P, Garssen J, Kraneveld AD. The Gut-Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Focus on the Metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010118. [PMID: 33374371 PMCID: PMC7796333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a spectrum of disorders that are characterized by problems in social interaction and repetitive behavior. The disease is thought to develop from changes in brain development at an early age, although the exact mechanisms are not known yet. In addition, a significant number of people with ASD develop problems in the intestinal tract. A Disintegrin And Metalloproteases (ADAMs) include a group of enzymes that are able to cleave membrane-bound proteins. ADAM10 and ADAM17 are two members of this family that are able to cleave protein substrates involved in ASD pathogenesis, such as specific proteins important for synapse formation, axon signaling and neuroinflammation. All these pathological mechanisms are involved in ASD. Besides the brain, ADAM10 and ADAM17 are also highly expressed in the intestines. ADAM10 and ADAM17 have implications in pathways that regulate gut permeability, homeostasis and inflammation. These metalloproteases might be involved in microbiota-gut-brain axis interactions in ASD through the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses in the intestinal tract. In this review, the potential roles of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the pathology of ASD and as targets for new therapies will be discussed, with a focus on the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpeng Zheng
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.Z.); (T.A.V.); (P.P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Tessa A. Verhoeff
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.Z.); (T.A.V.); (P.P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Paula Perez Pardo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.Z.); (T.A.V.); (P.P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.Z.); (T.A.V.); (P.P.P.); (J.G.)
- Global Centre of Excellence Immunology, Danone Nutricia Research B.V., 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aletta D. Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.Z.); (T.A.V.); (P.P.P.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)3-02534509
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24
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Frick A, Khare V, Jimenez K, Dammann K, Lang M, Krnjic A, Gmainer C, Baumgartner M, Mesteri I, Gasche C. A Novel PAK1-Notch1 Axis Regulates Crypt Homeostasis in Intestinal Inflammation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:892-907.e1. [PMID: 33189893 PMCID: PMC7900837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS p21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1) belongs to a family of serine-threonine kinases and contributes to cellular pathways such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), and Wingless-related integration site(Wnt)/β-catenin, all of which are involved in intestinal homeostasis. Overexpression of PAK1 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease as well as colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and similarly was observed in interleukin (IL)10 knockout (KO) mice, a model of colitis and CAC. Here, we tested the effects of PAK1 deletion on intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis in IL10 KO mice. METHODS IL10/PAK1 double-knockout (DKO) mice were generated and development of colitis and CAC was analyzed. Large intestines were measured and prepared for histology or RNA isolation. Swiss rolls were stained with H&E and periodic acid-Schiff. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were performed using intestinal organoids, SW480, and normal human colon epithelial cells 1CT. RESULTS When compared with IL10 KO mice, DKOs showed longer colons and prolonged crypts, despite having higher inflammation and numbers of dysplasia. Crypt hyperproliferation was associated with Notch1 activation and diminished crypt differentiation, indicated by a reduction of goblet cells. Gene expression analysis indicated up-regulation of the Notch1 target hairy and enhancer of split-1 and the stem cell receptor leucin-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 in DKO mice. Interestingly, the stem cell marker olfactomedin-4 was present in colonic tissue. Increased β-catenin messenger RNA and cytoplasmic accumulation indicated aberrant Wnt signaling. Co-localization and direct interaction of Notch1 and PAK1 was found in colon epithelial cells. Notch1 activation abrogated this effect whereas silencing of PAK1 led to Notch1 activation. CONCLUSIONS PAK1 contributes to the regulation of crypt homeostasis under inflammatory conditions by controlling Notch1. This identifies a novel PAK1-Notch1 axis in intestinal pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Frick
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vineeta Khare
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristine Jimenez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kyle Dammann
- Department of Surgery, Saint Luke's University Hospital Bethlehem, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Michaela Lang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Krnjic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Gmainer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Baumgartner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Gasche
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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25
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Mei X, Gu M, Li M. Plasticity of Paneth cells and their ability to regulate intestinal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020. [PMID: 32787930 DOI: 10.1186/s13287‐020‐01857‐7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are located at the bottom of small intestinal crypts and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal tract. Previous studies reported on how PCs shape the intestinal microbiota or the response to the immune system. Recent studies have determined that PCs play an important role in the regulation of the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. PCs can regulate the function and homeostasis of intestinal stem cells through several mechanisms. On the one hand, under pathological conditions, PCs can be dedifferentiated into stem cells to promote the repair of intestinal tissues. On the other hand, PCs can regulate stem cell proliferation by secreting a variety of hormones (such as wnt3a) or metabolic intermediates. In addition, we summarise key signalling pathways that affect PC differentiation and mutual effect with intestinal stem cells. In this review, we introduce the diverse functions of PCs in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Mei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ming Gu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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26
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Mei X, Gu M, Li M. Plasticity of Paneth cells and their ability to regulate intestinal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:349. [PMID: 32787930 PMCID: PMC7425583 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are located at the bottom of small intestinal crypts and play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal tract. Previous studies reported on how PCs shape the intestinal microbiota or the response to the immune system. Recent studies have determined that PCs play an important role in the regulation of the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. PCs can regulate the function and homeostasis of intestinal stem cells through several mechanisms. On the one hand, under pathological conditions, PCs can be dedifferentiated into stem cells to promote the repair of intestinal tissues. On the other hand, PCs can regulate stem cell proliferation by secreting a variety of hormones (such as wnt3a) or metabolic intermediates. In addition, we summarise key signalling pathways that affect PC differentiation and mutual effect with intestinal stem cells. In this review, we introduce the diverse functions of PCs in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Mei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ming Gu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Schumacher N, Rose-John S, Schmidt-Arras D. ADAM-Mediated Signalling Pathways in Gastrointestinal Cancer Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145133. [PMID: 32698506 PMCID: PMC7404302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour growth is not solely driven by tumour cell-intrinsic mechanisms, but also depends on paracrine signals provided by the tumour micro-environment. These signals comprise cytokines and growth factors that are synthesized as trans-membrane proteins and need to be liberated by limited proteolysis also termed ectodomain shedding. Members of the family of A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAM) are major mediators of ectodomain shedding and therefore initiators of paracrine signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how ADAM proteases on tumour cells but also on cells of the tumour micro-environment contribute to the formation of gastrointestinal tumours, and discuss how these processes can be exploited pharmacologically.
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Bohin N, Keeley TM, Carulli AJ, Walker EM, Carlson EA, Gao J, Aifantis I, Siebel CW, Rajala MW, Myers MG, Jones JC, Brindley CD, Dempsey PJ, Samuelson LC. Rapid Crypt Cell Remodeling Regenerates the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche after Notch Inhibition. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:156-170. [PMID: 32531190 PMCID: PMC7363878 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal crypts have great capacity for repair and regeneration after intestinal stem cell (ISC) injury. Here, we define the cellular remodeling process resulting from ISC niche interruption by transient Notch pathway inhibition in adult mice. Although ISCs were retained, lineage tracing demonstrated a marked reduction in ISC function after Notch disruption. Surprisingly, Notch ligand-expressing Paneth cells were rapidly lost by apoptotic cell death. The ISC-Paneth cell changes were followed by a regenerative response, characterized by expansion of cells expressing Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4, enhanced Notch signaling, and a proliferative surge. Lineage tracing and organoid studies showed that Dll1-expressing cells were activated to function as multipotential progenitors, generating both absorptive and secretory cells and replenishing the vacant Paneth cell pool. Our analysis uncovered a dynamic, multicellular remodeling response to acute Notch inhibition to repair the niche and restore homeostasis. Notably, this crypt regenerative response did not require ISC loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Bohin
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Theresa M Keeley
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexis J Carulli
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily M Walker
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Carlson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Michael W Rajala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Martin G Myers
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Constance D Brindley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter J Dempsey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Linda C Samuelson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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29
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Kim DC, Jin H, Lee JS, Son E, Lee GW, Kim HJ. P2Y 2R has a significant correlation with Notch-4 in patients with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:647-654. [PMID: 32565989 PMCID: PMC7286009 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that highly metastatic breast cancer cells, such as MDA-MB-231 cells, release higher levels of ATP and exhibit greater P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) activity than lowly metastatic breast cancer cells, and that P2Y2R activation mediated by ATP plays a significant role in tumor progression and metastasis. In addition, we reported that radiotherapy-resistant (RT-R) breast cancer cells promote invasion and tumor growth through the activation of P2Y2R by ATP released from RT-R-breast cancer cells than breast cancer cells. Moreover, increased numbers of cancer stem cells (CSCs) were observed among the RT-R-breast cancer cell population. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression level of five CSC markers (CD24, CD44, Oct3/4, Notch-4 and ALDH1A1) as well as P2Y2R in the tumor tissues of patients with breast cancer and determined which CSC marker correlates with P2Y2R in breast cancer. According to the immunohistochemical analysis, CD44, Oct3/4 and Notch-4 but not ALDH1A1 were significantly expressed in the tumor tissues (n=180) compared with the normal epithelial tissues (n=20) of patients with breast cancer. It was demonstrated that P2Y2R expression was increased in tumor tissues of patients with breast cancer compared with normal epithelial tissue. Notably, it was identified that P2Y2R expression has a significant correlation with only the CSC marker Notch-4 in patients with breast cancer. The results of this study suggested for the first time to the best of our knowledge that Notch-4 has a notable correlation with P2Y2R, which has important roles in tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chul Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sil Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Son
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Won Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
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30
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Souza JSM, Lisboa ABP, Santos TM, Andrade MVS, Neves VBS, Teles-Souza J, Jesus HNR, Bezerra TG, Falcão VGO, Oliveira RC, Del-Bem LE. The evolution of ADAM gene family in eukaryotes. Genomics 2020; 112:3108-3116. [PMID: 32437852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) gene family encodes proteins with adhesion and proteolytic functions. ADAM proteins are associated with diseases like cancers. Twenty ADAM genes have been identified in humans. However, little is known about the evolution of the family. We analyzed the repertoire of ADAM genes in a vast number of eukaryotic genomes to clarify the main gene copy number expansions. For the first time, we provide compelling evidence that early-branching green algae (Mamiellophyceae) have ADAM genes, suggesting that they originated in the last common ancestor of eukaryotes, before the split of plants, fungi and animals. The ADAM family expanded in early metazoans, with the most significative gene expansion happening during the first steps of vertebrate evolution. We concluded that most of mammal ADAM diversity can be explained by gene duplications in early bone fish. Our data suggest that ADAM genes were lost early in green plant evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S M Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - A B P Lisboa
- Biotechnology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil; Bioinformatics program, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - T M Santos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil; Bioinformatics program, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M V S Andrade
- Biotechnology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - V B S Neves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - J Teles-Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - H N R Jesus
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - T G Bezerra
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - V G O Falcão
- Biotechnology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - R C Oliveira
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program, Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil
| | - L E Del-Bem
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Brazil.
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31
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Takahashi T, Shiraishi A. Stem Cell Signaling Pathways in the Small Intestine. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062032. [PMID: 32188141 PMCID: PMC7139586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of stem cells to divide and differentiate is necessary for tissue repair and homeostasis. Appropriate spatial and temporal mechanisms are needed. Local intercellular signaling increases expression of specific genes that mediate and maintain differentiation. Diffusible signaling molecules provide concentration-dependent induction of specific patterns of cell types or regions. Differentiation of adjacent cells, on the other hand, requires cell–cell contact and subsequent signaling. These two types of signals work together to allow stem cells to provide what organisms require. The ability to grow organoids has increased our understanding of the cellular and molecular features of small “niches” that modulate stem cell function in various organs, including the small intestine.
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Heib M, Rose-John S, Adam D. Necroptosis, ADAM proteases and intestinal (dys)function. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 353:83-152. [PMID: 32381179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, an unexpected connection between necroptosis and members of the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) protease family has been reported. Necroptosis represents an important cell death routine which helps to protect from viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections, maintains adult T cell homeostasis and contributes to the elimination of potentially defective organisms before parturition. Equally important for organismal homeostasis, ADAM proteases control cellular processes such as development and differentiation, immune responses or tissue regeneration. Notably, necroptosis as well as ADAM proteases have been implicated in the control of inflammatory responses in the intestine. In this review, we therefore provide an overview of the physiology and pathophysiology of necroptosis, ADAM proteases and intestinal (dys)function, discuss the contribution of necroptosis and ADAMs to intestinal (dys)function, and review the current knowledge on the role of ADAMs in necroptotic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Heib
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Lantieri F, Gimelli S, Viaggi C, Stathaki E, Malacarne M, Santamaria G, Grossi A, Mosconi M, Sloan-Béna F, Prato AP, Coviello D, Ceccherini I. Copy number variations in candidate genomic regions confirm genetic heterogeneity and parental bias in Hirschsprung disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:270. [PMID: 31767031 PMCID: PMC6878652 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hirschsprung Disease (HSCR) is a congenital defect of the intestinal innervations characterized by complex inheritance. Many susceptibility genes including RET, the major HSCR gene, and several linked regions and associated loci have been shown to contribute to disease pathogenesis. Nonetheless, a proportion of patients still remains unexplained. Copy Number Variations (CNVs) have already been involved in HSCR, and for this reason we performed Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using a custom array with high density probes. Results A total of 20 HSCR candidate regions/genes was tested in 55 sporadic patients and four patients with already known chromosomal aberrations. Among 83 calls, 12 variants were experimentally validated, three of which involving the HSCR crucial genes SEMA3A/3D, NRG1, and PHOX2B. Conversely RET involvement in HSCR does not seem to rely on the presence of CNVs while, interestingly, several gains and losses did co-occur with another RET defect, thus confirming that more than one predisposing event is necessary for HSCR to develop. New loci were also shown to be involved, such as ALDH1A2, already found to play a major role in the enteric nervous system. Finally, all the inherited CNVs were of maternal origin. Conclusions Our results confirm a wide genetic heterogeneity in HSCR occurrence and support a role of candidate genes in expression regulation and cell signaling, thus contributing to depict further the molecular complexity of the genomic regions involved in the Enteric Nervous System development. The observed maternal transmission bias for HSCR associated CNVs supports the hypothesis that in females these variants might be more tolerated, requiring additional alterations to develop HSCR disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lantieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, sezione di Biostatistica, Universita' degli Studi di Genova, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Gimelli
- Department of Medical Genetic and Laboratories, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Viaggi
- S.C. Laboratorio Genetica Umana, Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elissavet Stathaki
- Department of Medical Genetic and Laboratories, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michela Malacarne
- S.C. Laboratorio Genetica Umana, Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.,Present address: U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, 16148, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santamaria
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Grossi
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Mosconi
- UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Frédérique Sloan-Béna
- Department of Medical Genetic and Laboratories, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Pini Prato
- UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148, Genoa, Italy.,Present address: Children Hospital, AON SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Domenico Coviello
- S.C. Laboratorio Genetica Umana, Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.,Present address: U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, 16148, Italy
| | - Isabella Ceccherini
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148, Genoa, Italy.
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Acquisition of a side population fraction augments malignant phenotype in ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14215. [PMID: 31578411 PMCID: PMC6775117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50794-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Side population (SP) cells harbor malignant phenotypes in cancer. The aim of this study was to identify genes that modulate the proportion of ovarian cancer SP cells. Using a shRNA library targeting 15,000 genes, a functional genomics screen was performed to identify genes whose suppression increased the SP percentage. The biological effects caused by alteration of those identified genes were investigated in vitro and in vivo. We found that suppression of MSL3, ZNF691, VPS45, ITGB3BP, TLE2, and ZNF498 increased the proportion of SP cells. Newly generated SP cells exhibit greater capacity for sphere formation, single cell clonogenicity, and in vivo tumorigenicity. On the contrary, overexpression of MSL3, VPS45, ITGB3BP, TLE2, and ZNF498 decreased the proportion of SP cells, sphere formation capacity and single cell clonogenicity. In ovarian cancer cases, low expression of MSL3, ZNF691 and VPS45 was related to poor prognosis. Suppression of these six genes enhanced activity of the hedgehog pathway. Cyclopamine, a hedgehog pathway inhibitor, significantly decreased the number of SP cells and their sphere forming ability. Our results provide new information regarding molecular mechanisms favoring SP cells and suggest that Hedgehog signaling may provide a viable target for ovarian cancer.
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35
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Yoshino T, Saito D. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition–based morphogenesis of dorsal mesentery and gonad. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 92:105-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Dekaney CM, King S, Sheahan B, Cortes JE. Mist1 Expression Is Required for Paneth Cell Maturation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:549-560. [PMID: 31330316 PMCID: PMC6889789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paneth cells are professional secretory cells found within the small intestinal crypt epithelium. Although their role as part of the innate immune complex providing antimicrobial secretory products is well-known, the mechanisms that control secretory capacity are not well-understood. MIST1 is a scaling factor that is thought to control secretory capacity of exocrine cells. METHODS Mist1+/+ and Mist1-/- mice were used to evaluate the function of MIST1 in small intestinal Paneth cells. We used histologic and immunofluorescence staining to evaluate small intestinal tissue for proliferation and lineage allocation. Total RNA was isolated to evaluate gene expression. Enteroid culture was used to evaluate the impact of the absence of MIST1 expression on intestinal stem cell function. RESULTS Absence of MIST1 resulted in increased numbers of Paneth cells exhibiting an intermediate cell phenotype but otherwise did not alter overall epithelial cell lineage allocation. Muc2 and lysozyme staining confirmed the presence of intermediate cells at the crypt base of Mist1-/- mice. These changes were not associated with changes in mRNA expression of transcription factors associated with lineage allocation, and they were not abrogated by inhibition of Notch signaling. However, the absence of MIST1 expression was associated with alterations in Paneth cell morphology including decreased granule size and distended rough endoplasmic reticulum. Absence of MIST1 was associated with increased budding of enteroid cultures; however, there was no evidence of increased intestinal stem cell numbers in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MIST1 plays an important role in organization of the Paneth cell secretory apparatus and managing endoplasmic reticulum stress. This role occurs downstream of Paneth cell lineage allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Dekaney
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.
| | - Stephanie King
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Breanna Sheahan
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jocsa E Cortes
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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HDAC1 and HDAC2 independently regulate common and specific intrinsic responses in murine enteroids. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5363. [PMID: 30926862 PMCID: PMC6441098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both HDAC1 and HDAC2 are class I deacetylases acting as erasers of lysine-acetyl marks on histones and non-histone proteins. Several histone deacetylase inhibitors, either endogenous to the cell, such as the ketogenic β-hydroxybutyrate metabolite, or exogenous, such as butyrate, a microbial-derived metabolite, regulate HDAC activity. Different combinations of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific Hdac1 and/or Hdac2 deletion differentially alter mucosal homeostasis in mice. Thus, HDAC1 and HDAC2 could act as sensors and transmitters of environmental signals to the mucosa. In this study, enteroid culture models deleted for Hdac1 or Hdac2 were established to determine IEC-specific function as assessed by global transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. Results show that Hdac1 or Hdac2 deficiency altered differentiation of Paneth and goblet secretory cells, which sustain physical and chemical protection barriers, and increased intermediate secretory cell precursor numbers. Furthermore, IEC Hdac1- and Hdac2-dependent common and specific biological processes were identified, including oxidation-reduction, inflammatory responses, and lipid-related metabolic processes, as well as canonical pathways and upstream regulators related to environment-dependent signaling through steroid receptor pathways, among others. These findings uncover unrecognized regulatory similarities and differences between Hdac1 and Hdac2 in IEC, and demonstrate how HDAC1 and HDAC2 may complement each other to regulate the intrinsic IEC phenotype.
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38
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Jones JC, Brindley CD, Elder NH, Myers MG, Rajala MW, Dekaney CM, McNamee EN, Frey MR, Shroyer NF, Dempsey PJ. Cellular Plasticity of Defa4 Cre-Expressing Paneth Cells in Response to Notch Activation and Intestinal Injury. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 7:533-554. [PMID: 30827941 PMCID: PMC6402430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Loss of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5-positive crypt base columnar cells provides permissive conditions for different facultative stem cell populations to dedifferentiate and repopulate the stem cell compartment. In this study, we used a defensin α4-Cre recombinase (Defa4Cre) line to define the potential of Paneth cells to dedifferentiate and contribute to intestinal stem cell (ISC) maintenance during normal homeostasis and after intestinal injury. METHODS Small intestine and enteroids from Defa4Cre;Rosa26 tandem dimer Tomato (tdTomato), a red fluoresent protein, (or Rosa26 Enhanced Yellow Fluorescent Protein (EYFP)) reporter, Notch gain-of-function (Defa4Cre;Rosa26 Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD)-ires-nuclear Green Fluorescent Protein (nGFP) and Defa4Cre;Rosa26reverse tetracycline transactivator-ires Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP);TetONICD), A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) loss-of-function (Defa4Cre;ADAM10flox/flox), and Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) inactivation (Defa4Cre;APCflox/flox) mice were analyzed. Doxorubicin treatment was used as an acute intestinal injury model. Lineage tracing, proliferation, and differentiation were assessed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Defa4Cre-expressing cells are fated to become mature Paneth cells and do not contribute to ISC maintenance during normal homeostasis in vivo. However, spontaneous lineage tracing was observed in enteroids, and fluorescent-activated cell sorter-sorted Defa4Cre-marked cells showed clonogenic enteroid growth. Notch activation in Defa4Cre-expressing cells caused dedifferentiation to multipotent ISCs in vivo and was required for adenoma formation. ADAM10 deletion had no significant effect on crypt homeostasis. However, after acute doxorubicin-induced injury, Defa4Cre-expressing cells contributed to regeneration in an ADAM10-Notch-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our studies have shown that Defa4Cre-expressing Paneth cells possess cellular plasticity, can dedifferentiate into multipotent stem cells upon Notch activation, and can contribute to intestinal regeneration in an acute injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Jones
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Constance D. Brindley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicholas H. Elder
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Martin G. Myers
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael W. Rajala
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Digestive Disease and Transplantation, Einstein Health Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher M. Dekaney
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Eoin N. McNamee
- Mucosal Immunology Program, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark R. Frey
- Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Noah F. Shroyer
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Peter J. Dempsey
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Peter J. Dempsey, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Building RC2 Room 6113, Aurora, Colorado 80045. fax: (303) 724-6538.
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iNOS promotes CD24 +CD133 + liver cancer stem cell phenotype through a TACE/ADAM17-dependent Notch signaling pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E10127-E10136. [PMID: 30297396 PMCID: PMC6205478 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD24+CD133+ liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) express higher levels of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and possess self-renewal and tumor growth properties. iNOS is associated with more aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to the upregulation of Notch1 signaling. The activation of Notch1 by iNOS/NO is dependent on cGMP/PKG-mediated activation of TACE and upregulation of iRhom-2. The expression of iNOS, CD24, and CD133 correlates with the expression of activated TACE and Notch signaling in more aggressive human HCC. These findings have implications for understanding how LCSCs are regulated in the setting of chronic inflammation, where signals to upregulate iNOS are often present. Targeting iNOS could have therapeutic benefit in HCC. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with more aggressive solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Notch signaling in cancer stem cells promotes cancer progression and requires Notch cleavage by ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) proteases. We hypothesized that iNOS/NO promotes Notch1 activation through TACE/ADAM17 activation in liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), leading to a more aggressive cancer phenotype. Expression of the stem cell markers CD24 and CD133 in the tumors of patients with HCC was associated with greater iNOS expression and worse outcomes. The expression of iNOS in CD24+CD133+ LCSCs, but not CD24−CD133− LCSCs, promoted Notch1 signaling and stemness characteristics in vitro and in vivo, as well as accelerating HCC initiation and tumor formation in the mouse xenograft tumor model. iNOS/NO led to Notch1 signaling through a pathway involving the soluble guanylyl cyclase/cGMP/PKG-dependent activation of TACE/ADAM17 and up-regulation of iRhom2 in LCSCs. In patients with HCC, higher TACE/ADAM17 expression and Notch1 activation correlated with poor prognosis. These findings link iNOS to Notch1 signaling in CD24+CD133+ LCSCs through the activation of TACE/ADAM17 and identify a mechanism for how iNOS contributes to progression of CD24+CD133+ HCC.
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Davis EA, Zhou W, Dailey MJ. Evidence for a direct effect of the autonomic nervous system on intestinal epithelial stem cell proliferation. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13745. [PMID: 29932493 PMCID: PMC6014443 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic (PNS) branches of the autonomic nervous system have been implicated in the modulation of the renewal of many tissues, including the intestinal epithelium. However, it is not known whether these mechanisms are direct, requiring an interaction between autonomic neurotransmitters and receptors on proliferating epithelial cells. To evaluate the existence of a molecular framework for a direct effect of the SNS or PNS on intestinal epithelial renewal, we measured gene expression for the main autonomic neurotransmitter receptors in this tissue. We separately evaluated intestinal epithelial regions comprised of the stem, progenitor, and mature cells, which allowed us to investigate the distinct contributions of each cell population to this proposed autonomic effect. Notably, we found that the stem cells expressed the receptors for the SNS-associated alpha2A adrenoreceptor and the PNS-associated muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1 and M3). In a separate experiment, we found that the application of norepinephrine or acetylcholine decreases the expression of cyclin D1, a gene necessary for cell cycle progression, in intestinal epithelial organoids compared with controls (P < 0.05). Together, these results provide evidence of a direct mechanism for the autonomic nervous system influence on intestinal epithelial stem cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Davis
- Neuroscience ProgramUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinois
| | - Weinan Zhou
- Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinois
| | - Megan J. Dailey
- Neuroscience ProgramUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinois
- Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinois
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Weidenbusch M, Rodler S, Song S, Romoli S, Marschner JA, Kraft F, Holderied A, Kumar S, Mulay SR, Honarpisheh M, Kumar Devarapu S, Lech M, Anders HJ. Gene expression profiling of the Notch-AhR-IL22 axis at homeostasis and in response to tissue injury. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170099. [PMID: 29054964 PMCID: PMC5741834 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch and interleukin-22 (IL-22) signaling are known to regulate tissue homeostasis and respond to injury in humans and mice, and the induction of endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) ligands through Notch links the two pathways in a hierarchical fashion. However in adults, the species-, organ- and injury-specific gene expression of the Notch-AhR-IL22 axis components is unknown. We therefore performed gene expression profiling of DLL1, DLL3, DLL4, DLK1, DLK2, JAG1, JAG2, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, ADAM17/TNF-α ADAM metalloprotease converting enzyme (TACE), PSEN1, basigin (BSG)/CD147, RBP-J, HES1, HES5, HEY1, HEYL, AHR, ARNT, ARNT2, CYP1A1, CYP24A1, IL-22, IL22RA1, IL22RA2, IL10RB, and STAT3 under homeostatic conditions in ten mature murine and human organs. Additionally, the expression of these genes was assessed in murine models of acute sterile inflammation and progressive fibrosis. We show that there are organ-specific gene expression profiles of the Notch-AhR-IL22 axis in humans and mice. Although there is an overall interspecies congruency, specific differences between human and murine expression signatures do exist. In murine tissues with AHR/ARNT expression CYP1A1 and IL-22 were correlated with HES5 and HEYL expression, while in human tissues no such correlation was found. Notch and AhR signaling are involved in renal inflammation and fibrosis with specific gene expression changes in each model. Despite the presence of all Notch pathway molecules in the kidney and a model-specific induction of Notch ligands, IL-22 was only up-regulated in acute inflammation, but rapidly down-regulated during regeneration. This implies that for targeting injury responses, e.g. via IL-22, species-specific differences, injury type and time points have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Weidenbusch
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Severin Rodler
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Shangqing Song
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Romoli
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian A Marschner
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Kraft
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Holderied
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohsen Honarpisheh
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Satish Kumar Devarapu
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maciej Lech
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Wichert R, Ermund A, Schmidt S, Schweinlin M, Ksiazek M, Arnold P, Knittler K, Wilkens F, Potempa B, Rabe B, Stirnberg M, Lucius R, Bartsch JW, Nikolaus S, Falk-Paulsen M, Rosenstiel P, Metzger M, Rose-John S, Potempa J, Hansson GC, Dempsey PJ, Becker-Pauly C. Mucus Detachment by Host Metalloprotease Meprin β Requires Shedding of Its Inactive Pro-form, which Is Abrogated by the Pathogenic Protease RgpB. Cell Rep 2017; 21:2090-2103. [PMID: 29166602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The host metalloprotease meprin β is required for mucin 2 (MUC2) cleavage, which drives intestinal mucus detachment and prevents bacterial overgrowth. To gain access to the cleavage site in MUC2, meprin β must be proteolytically shed from epithelial cells. Hence, regulation of meprin β shedding and activation is important for physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we demonstrate that meprin β activation and shedding are mutually exclusive events. Employing ex vivo small intestinal organoid and cell culture experiments, we found that ADAM-mediated shedding is restricted to the inactive pro-form of meprin β and is completely inhibited upon its conversion to the active form at the cell surface. This strict regulation of meprin β activity can be overridden by pathogens, as demonstrated for the bacterial protease Arg-gingipain (RgpB). This secreted cysteine protease potently converts membrane-bound meprin β into its active form, impairing meprin β shedding and its function as a mucus-detaching protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rielana Wichert
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Ermund
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Matthias Schweinlin
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miroslaw Ksiazek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Björn Rabe
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Lucius
- Anatomical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jörg W Bartsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanna Nikolaus
- I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Falk-Paulsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marco Metzger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Translational Center "Regenerative Therapies for Oncology and Musculoskeletal Diseases" - Würzburg Branch, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan Potempa
- Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gunnar C Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter J Dempsey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Herring CA, Banerjee A, McKinley ET, Simmons AJ, Ping J, Roland JT, Franklin JL, Liu Q, Gerdes MJ, Coffey RJ, Lau KS. Unsupervised Trajectory Analysis of Single-Cell RNA-Seq and Imaging Data Reveals Alternative Tuft Cell Origins in the Gut. Cell Syst 2017; 6:37-51.e9. [PMID: 29153838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Modern single-cell technologies allow multiplexed sampling of cellular states within a tissue. However, computational tools that can infer developmental cell-state transitions reproducibly from such single-cell data are lacking. Here, we introduce p-Creode, an unsupervised algorithm that produces multi-branching graphs from single-cell data, compares graphs with differing topologies, and infers a statistically robust hierarchy of cell-state transitions that define developmental trajectories. We have applied p-Creode to mass cytometry, multiplex immunofluorescence, and single-cell RNA-seq data. As a test case, we validate cell-state-transition trajectories predicted by p-Creode for intestinal tuft cells, a rare, chemosensory cell type. We clarify that tuft cells are specified outside of the Atoh1-dependent secretory lineage in the small intestine. However, p-Creode also predicts, and we confirm, that tuft cells arise from an alternative, Atoh1-driven developmental program in the colon. These studies introduce p-Creode as a reliable method for analyzing large datasets that depict branching transition trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A Herring
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eliot T McKinley
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alan J Simmons
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jie Ping
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Franklin
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael J Gerdes
- Life Sciences Division, GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Avenue, 10475 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Dempsey PJ. Role of ADAM10 in intestinal crypt homeostasis and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2228-2239. [PMID: 28739265 PMCID: PMC5632589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) are a family of mSultidomain, membrane-anchored proteases that regulate diverse cellular functions, including cell adhesion, migration, proteolysis and other cell signaling events. Catalytically-active ADAMs act as ectodomain sheddases that proteolytically cleave type I and type II transmembrane proteins and some GPI-anchored proteins from the cellular surface. ADAMs can also modulate other cellular signaling events through a process known as regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). Through their proteolytic activity, ADAMs can rapidly modulate key cell signaling pathways in response to changes in the extracellular environment (e.g. inflammation) and play a central role in coordinating intercellular communication. Dysregulation of these processes through aberrant expression, or sustained ADAM activity, is linked to chronic inflammation, inflammation-associated cancer and tumorigenesis. ADAM10 was the first disintegrin-metalloproteinase demonstrated to have proteolytic activity and is the prototypic ADAM associated with RIP activity (e.g. sequential Notch receptor processing). ADAM10 is abundantly expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and during normal intestinal homeostasis ADAM10 regulates many cellular processes associated with intestinal development, cell fate specification and maintenance of intestinal stem cell/progenitor populations. In addition, several signaling pathways that undergo ectodomain shedding by ADAM10 (e.g. Notch, EGFR/ErbB, IL-6/sIL-6R) help control intestinal injury/regenerative responses and may drive intestinal inflammation and colon cancer initiation and progression. Here, I review some of the proposed functions of ADAM10 associated with intestinal crypt homeostasis and tumorigenesis within the gastrointestinal tract in vivo. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Dempsey
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development Program, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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Thalheim T, Buske P, Przybilla J, Rother K, Loeffler M, Galle J. Stem cell competition in the gut: insights from multi-scale computational modelling. J R Soc Interface 2017; 13:rsif.2016.0218. [PMID: 27534699 PMCID: PMC5014057 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2016.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) computational tissue models can provide a comprehensive description of tissue dynamics at the molecular, cellular and tissue level. Moreover, they can support the development of hypotheses about cellular interactions and about synergies between major signalling pathways. We exemplify these capabilities by simulation of a 3D single-cell-based model of mouse small intestinal crypts. We analyse the impact of lineage specification, distribution and cellular lifespan on clonal competition and study effects of Notch- and Wnt activation on fixation of mutations within the tissue. Based on these results, we predict that experimentally observed synergistic effects between autonomous Notch- and Wnt signalling in triggering intestinal tumourigenesis originate in the suppression of Wnt-dependent secretory lineage specification by Notch, giving rise to an increased fixation probability of Wnt-activating mutations. Our study demonstrates that 3D computational tissue models can support a mechanistic understanding of long-term tissue dynamics under homeostasis and during transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Thalheim
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Buske
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Przybilla
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karen Rother
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joerg Galle
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Siebel C, Lendahl U. Notch Signaling in Development, Tissue Homeostasis, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1235-1294. [PMID: 28794168 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 598] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling mechanism, but in contrast to signaling pathways such as Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and BMP/TGF-β, Notch signaling occurs via cell-cell communication, where transmembrane ligands on one cell activate transmembrane receptors on a juxtaposed cell. Originally discovered through mutations in Drosophila more than 100 yr ago, and with the first Notch gene cloned more than 30 yr ago, we are still gaining new insights into the broad effects of Notch signaling in organisms across the metazoan spectrum and its requirement for normal development of most organs in the body. In this review, we provide an overview of the Notch signaling mechanism at the molecular level and discuss how the pathway, which is architecturally quite simple, is able to engage in the control of cell fates in a broad variety of cell types. We discuss the current understanding of how Notch signaling can become derailed, either by direct mutations or by aberrant regulation, and the expanding spectrum of diseases and cancers that is a consequence of Notch dysregulation. Finally, we explore the emerging field of Notch in the control of tissue homeostasis, with examples from skin, liver, lung, intestine, and the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Regulation of the trafficking and the function of the metalloprotease ADAM10 by tetraspanins. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:937-44. [PMID: 28687716 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
By interacting directly with partner proteins and with one another, tetraspanins organize a network of interactions referred to as the tetraspanin web. ADAM10 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10), an essential membrane-anchored metalloprotease that cleaves off the ectodomain of a large variety of cell surface proteins including cytokines, adhesion molecules, the precursor of the β-amyloid peptide APP or Notch, has emerged as a major component of the tetraspanin web. Recent studies have shown that ADAM10 associates directly with all members (Tspan5, Tspan10, Tspan14, Tspan15, Tspan17 and Tspan33) of a subgroup of tetraspanins having eight cysteines in the large extracellular domain and referred to as TspanC8. All TspanC8 regulate ADAM10 exit from the endoplasmic reticulum, but differentially regulate its subsequent trafficking and its function, and have notably a different impact on Notch signaling. TspanC8 orthologs in invertebrates also regulate ADAM10 trafficking and Notch signaling. It may be possible to target TspanC8 tetraspanins to modulate in a tissue- or substrate-restricted manner ADAM10 function in pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer or Alzheimer's disease.
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48
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Demitrack ES, Samuelson LC. Notch as a Driver of Gastric Epithelial Cell Proliferation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 3:323-330. [PMID: 28462374 PMCID: PMC5404025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gastric epithelium is sustained by a population of stem cells that replenish the various mature epithelial lineages throughout adulthood. Regulation of stem and progenitor cell proliferation occurs via basic developmental signaling pathways, including the Notch pathway, which recently was described to promote gastric stem cell proliferation in both mice and human beings. Current cancer theory proposes that adult stem cells that maintain gastrointestinal tissues accumulate mutations that promote cancerous growth, and that basic signaling pathways, such as Notch, which stimulate stem cell proliferation, can promote tumorigenesis. Accordingly, constitutive Notch activation leads to unchecked cellular proliferation and gastric tumors in genetic mouse models. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence suggesting that the Notch pathway may be activated in some human gastric cancers, supporting a potential role for Notch in gastric tumorigenesis. In this review, we first summarize the current understanding of gastric stem cells defined by genetic mouse studies, followed by discussion of the literature regarding Notch pathway regulation of gastric stem cell function in the mouse and human beings. Notch action to maintain gastric epithelial cell homeostasis and the cellular consequences of dysregulated signaling to promote tumorigenesis are discussed, including studies associating Notch activation with human gastric cancer. Finally, we compare and contrast Notch function in the stomach with other gastrointestinal tissues, including the intestine, to highlight the sensitivity of the stomach to Notch-induced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise S. Demitrack
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Linda C. Samuelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Linda C. Samuelson, PhD, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2041 BSRB, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan109 Zina Pitcher Place2041 BSRBAnn ArborMichigan 48109
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49
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Müller M, Wetzel S, Köhn-Gaone J, Chalupsky K, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Barikbin R, Bergmann J, Wöhner B, Zbodakova O, Leuschner I, Martin G, Tiegs G, Rose-John S, Sedlacek R, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Saftig P, Schmidt-Arras D. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) is a central regulator of murine liver tissue homeostasis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17431-41. [PMID: 26942887 PMCID: PMC4951223 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 exerts essential roles during organ development and tissue integrity in different organs, mainly through activation of the Notch pathway. However, only little is known about its implication in liver tissue physiology. Here we show that in contrast to its role in other tissues, ADAM10 is dispensable for the Notch2-dependent biliary tree formation. However, we demonstrate that expression of bile acid transporters is dependent on ADAM10. Consequently, mice deficient for Adam10 in hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and liver progenitor cells develop spontaneous hepatocyte necrosis and concomitant liver fibrosis. We furthermore observed a strongly augmented ductular reaction in 15-week old ADAM10(Δhep/Δch) mice and demonstrate that c-Met dependent liver progenitor cell activation is enhanced. Additionally, liver progenitor cells are primed to hepatocyte differentiation in the absence of ADAM10. These findings show that ADAM10 is a novel central node controlling liver tissue homeostasis. HIGHLIGHTS Loss of ADAM10 in murine liver results in hepatocyte necrosis and concomitant liver fibrosis. ADAM10 directly regulates expression of bile acid transporters but is dispensable for Notch2-dependent formation of the biliary system. Activation of liver progenitor cells is enhanced through increased c-Met signalling, in the absence of ADAM10. Differentiation of liver progenitor cells to hepatocytes is augmented in the absence of ADAM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Müller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wetzel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Köhn-Gaone
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Karel Chalupsky
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Roja Barikbin
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juri Bergmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Birte Wöhner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olga Zbodakova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Leuschner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gregor Martin
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Janina E E Tirnitz-Parker
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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Chin AM, Hill DR, Aurora M, Spence JR. Morphogenesis and maturation of the embryonic and postnatal intestine. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 66:81-93. [PMID: 28161556 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intestine is a vital organ responsible for nutrient absorption, bile and waste excretion, and a major site of host immunity. In order to keep up with daily demands, the intestine has evolved a mechanism to expand the absorptive surface area by undergoing a morphogenetic process to generate finger-like units called villi. These villi house specialized cell types critical for both absorbing nutrients from food, and for protecting the host from commensal and pathogenic microbes present in the adult gut. In this review, we will discuss mechanisms that coordinate intestinal development, growth, and maturation of the small intestine, starting from the formation of the early gut tube, through villus morphogenesis and into early postnatal life when the intestine must adapt to the acquisition of nutrients through food intake, and to interactions with microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana M Chin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David R Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Megan Aurora
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Center for Organogenesis, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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