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Ireland J, Kilian KA. The importance of matrix in cardiomyogenesis: Defined substrates for maturation and chamber specificity. Matrix Biol Plus 2024; 24:100160. [PMID: 39291079 PMCID: PMC11403269 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2024.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) are a promising source of cardiac cells for disease modelling and regenerative medicine. However, current protocols invariably lead to mixed population of cardiac cell types and often generate cells that resemble embryonic phenotypes. Here we developed a combinatorial approach to assess the importance of extracellular matrix proteins (ECMP) in directing the differentiation of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). We did this by focusing on combinations of ECMP commonly found in the developing heart with a broad goal of identifying combinations that promote maturation and influence chamber specific differentiation. We formulated 63 unique ECMP combinations fabricated from collagen 1, collagen 3, collagen 4, fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin, presented alone and in combinations, leading to the identification of specific ECMP combinations that promote hESC proliferation, pluripotency, and germ layer specification. When hESC were subjected to a differentiation protocol on the ECMP combinations, it revealed precise protein combinations that enhance differentiation as determined by the expression of cardiac progenitor markers kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) and mesoderm posterior transcription factor 1 (MESP1). High expression of cardiac troponin (cTnT) and the relative expression of myosin light chain isoforms (MLC2a and MLC2v) led to the identification of three surfaces that promote a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype. Action potential morphology was used to assess chamber specificity, which led to the identification of matrices that promote chamber-specific cardiomyocytes. This study provides a matrix-based approach to improve control over cardiomyocyte phenotypes during differentiation, with the scope for translation to cardiac laboratory models and for the generation of functional chamber specific cardiomyocytes for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Ireland
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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Zhong L, Yan Z, Jiang D, Weng KC, Ouyang Y, Zhang H, Lin X, Xiao C, Yang H, Yao J, Kang X, Wang C, Huang C, Shen B, Chung SK, Jiang ZH, Zhu W, Neher E, Silva JR, Hou P. Targeting the I Ks Channel PKA Phosphorylation Axis to Restore Its Function in High-Risk LQT1 Variants. Circ Res 2024; 135:722-738. [PMID: 39166328 PMCID: PMC11392204 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.325009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The KCNQ1+KCNE1 (IKs) potassium channel plays a crucial role in cardiac adaptation to stress, in which β-adrenergic stimulation phosphorylates the IKs channel through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/PKA (protein kinase A) pathway. Phosphorylation increases the channel current and accelerates repolarization to adapt to an increased heart rate. Variants in KCNQ1 can cause long-QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1), and those with defective cAMP effects predispose patients to the highest risk of cardiac arrest and sudden death. However, the molecular connection between IKs channel phosphorylation and channel function, as well as why high-risk LQT1 mutations lose cAMP sensitivity, remain unclear. METHODS Regular patch clamp and voltage clamp fluorometry techniques were utilized to record pore opening and voltage sensor movement of wild-type and mutant KCNQ1/IKs channels. The clinical phenotypic penetrance of each LQT1 mutation was analyzed as a metric for assessing their clinical risk. The patient-specific-induced pluripotent stem-cell model was used to test mechanistic findings in physiological conditions. RESULTS By systematically elucidating mechanisms of a series of LQT1 variants that lack cAMP sensitivity, we identified molecular determinants of IKs channel regulation by phosphorylation. These key residues are distributed across the N-terminus of KCNQ1 extending to the central pore region of IKs. We refer to this pattern as the IKs channel PKA phosphorylation axis. Next, by examining LQT1 variants from clinical databases containing 10 579 LQT1 carriers, we found that the distribution of the most high-penetrance LQT1 variants extends across the IKs channel PKA phosphorylation axis, demonstrating its clinical relevance. Furthermore, we found that a small molecule, ML277, which binds at the center of the phosphorylation axis, rescues the defective cAMP effects of multiple high-risk LQT1 variants. This finding was then tested in high-risk patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, where ML277 remarkably alleviates the beating abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings not only elucidate the molecular mechanism of PKA-dependent IKs channel phosphorylation but also provide an effective antiarrhythmic strategy for patients with high-risk LQT1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Dexiang Jiang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Kuo-Chan Weng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Disorders, Cardiac Bioelectricity and Arrhythmia Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO (K.-C.W., J.R.S.)
| | - Yue Ouyang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Chenxin Xiao
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University (H.Y.)
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, China (J.Y.)
| | - Xinjiang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease and the Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China (X.K.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China (X.K.)
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, China (X.K.)
| | - Changhe Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Neuroscience Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China (C.W.)
| | - Chen Huang
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Bing Shen
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Wandi Zhu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (W.Z.)
| | - Erwin Neher
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
| | - Jonathan R Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Disorders, Cardiac Bioelectricity and Arrhythmia Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO (K.-C.W., J.R.S.)
| | - Panpan Hou
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (L.Z., Z.Y., D.J., Y.O., H.Z., X.L., C.X., C.H., B.S., S.K.C., Z.-H.J., E.N., P.H.)
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3
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Joshi J, Albers C, Smole N, Guo S, Smith SA. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) for modeling cardiac arrhythmias: strengths, challenges and potential solutions. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1475152. [PMID: 39328831 PMCID: PMC11424716 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1475152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion channels and cytoskeletal proteins in the cardiac dyad play a critical role in maintaining excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling and provide cardiac homeostasis. Functional changes in these dyad proteins, whether induced by genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, therapeutic, or environmental factors, can disrupt normal cardiac electrophysiology, leading to abnormal E-C coupling and arrhythmias. Animal models and heterologous cell cultures provide platforms to elucidate the pathogenesis of arrhythmias for basic cardiac research; however, these traditional systems do not truly reflect human cardiac electro-pathophysiology. Notably, patients with the same genetic variants of inherited channelopathies (ICC) often exhibit incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity which underscores the need to establish patient-specific disease models to comprehend the mechanistic pathways of arrhythmias and determine personalized therapies. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) inherit the genetic background of the patient and reflect the electrophysiological characteristics of the native cardiomyocytes. Thus, iPSC-CMs provide an innovative and translational pivotal platform in cardiac disease modeling and therapeutic screening. In this review, we will examine how patient-specific iPSC-CMs historically evolved to model arrhythmia syndromes in a dish, and their utility in understanding the role of specific ion channels and their functional characteristics in causing arrhythmias. We will also examine how CRISPR/Cas9 have enabled the establishment of patient-independent and variant-induced iPSC-CMs-based arrhythmia models. Next, we will examine the limitations of using human iPSC-CMs with respect to in vitro arrhythmia modeling that stems from variations in iPSCs or toxicity due to gene editing on iPSC or iPSC-CMs and explore how such hurdles are being addressed. Importantly, we will also discuss how novel 3D iPSC-CM models can better capture in vitro characteristics and how all-optical platforms provide non-invasive and high- throughput electrophysiological data that is useful for stratification of emerging arrhythmogenic variants and drug discovery. Finally, we will examine strategies to improve iPSC-CM maturity, including powerful gene editing and optogenetic tools that can introduce/modify specific ion channels in iPSC-CMs and tailor cellular and functional characteristics. We anticipate that an elegant synergy of iPSCs, novel gene editing, 3D- culture models, and all-optical platforms will offer a high-throughput template to faithfully recapitulate in vitro arrhythmogenic events necessary for personalized arrhythmia monitoring and drug screening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Cora Albers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nathan Smole
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sakima A Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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4
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Wu HF, Hamilton C, Porritt H, Winbo A, Zeltner N. Modelling neurocardiac physiology and diseases using human pluripotent stem cells: current progress and future prospects. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39235952 DOI: 10.1113/jp286416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout our lifetime the heart executes cycles of contraction and relaxation to meet the body's ever-changing metabolic needs. This vital function is continuously regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Cardiovascular dysfunction and autonomic dysregulation are also closely associated; however, the degrees of cause and effect are not always readily discernible. Thus, to better understand cardiovascular disorders, it is crucial to develop model systems that can be used to study the neurocardiac interaction in healthy and diseased states. Human pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology offers a unique human-based modelling system that allows for studies of disease effects on the cells of the heart and autonomic neurons as well as of their interaction. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the embryonic development of the autonomic, cardiac and neurocardiac systems, their regulation, as well as recent progress of in vitro modelling systems based on hiPSCs. We further discuss the advantages and limitations of hiPSC-based models in neurocardiac research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Fu Wu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Charlotte Hamilton
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Harrison Porritt
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Annika Winbo
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Manaaki Manawa Centre for Heart Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nadja Zeltner
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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5
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Pushpan CK, Kumar SR. iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes as a Disease Model to Understand the Biology of Congenital Heart Defects. Cells 2024; 13:1430. [PMID: 39273002 PMCID: PMC11393881 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and advances in DNA editing techniques have opened opportunities for personalized cell-based therapies for a wide spectrum of diseases. It has gained importance as a valuable tool to investigate genetic and functional variations in congenital heart defects (CHDs), enabling the customization of treatment strategies. The ability to understand the disease process specific to the individual patient of interest provides this technology with a significant advantage over generic animal models. However, its utility as a disease-in-a-dish model requires identifying effective and efficient differentiation protocols that accurately reproduce disease traits. Currently, iPSC-related research relies heavily on the quality of cells and the properties of the differentiation technique In this review, we discuss the utility of iPSCs in bench CHD research, the molecular pathways involved in the differentiation of cardiomyocytes, and their applications in CHD disease modeling, therapeutics, and drug application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chithra K Pushpan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7616, USA
| | - Subramanyan Ram Kumar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7616, USA
- Dr. C.C. and Mabel, L. Criss Heart Center, Children's Nebraska, 8200 Dodge St, Omaha, NE 68114, USA
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6
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Farboud SP, Fathi E, Valipour B, Farahzadi R. Toward the latest advancements in cardiac regeneration using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology: approaches and challenges. J Transl Med 2024; 22:783. [PMID: 39175068 PMCID: PMC11342568 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel approach to treating heart failures was developed with the introduction of iPSC technology. Knowledge in regenerative medicine, developmental biology, and the identification of illnesses at the cellular level has exploded since the discovery of iPSCs. One of the most frequent causes of mortality associated with cardiovascular disease is the loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), followed by heart failure. A possible treatment for heart failure involves restoring cardiac function and replacing damaged tissue with healthy, regenerated CMs. Significant strides in stem cell biology during the last ten years have transformed the in vitro study of human illness and enhanced our knowledge of the molecular pathways underlying human disease, regenerative medicine, and drug development. We seek to examine iPSC advancements in disease modeling, drug discovery, iPSC-Based cell treatments, and purification methods in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parya Farboud
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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Florido MHC, Ziats NP. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases: The role of human induced pluripotent stem cells and tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1286-1304. [PMID: 38230548 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains to be the leading cause of death globally today and therefore the need for the development of novel therapies has become increasingly important in the cardiovascular field. The mechanism(s) behind the pathophysiology of CVD have been laboriously investigated in both stem cell and bioengineering laboratories. Scientific breakthroughs have paved the way to better mimic cell types of interest in recent years, with the ability to generate any cell type from reprogrammed human pluripotent stem cells. Mimicking the native extracellular matrix using both organic and inorganic biomaterials has allowed full organs to be recapitulated in vitro. In this paper, we will review techniques from both stem cell biology and bioengineering which have been fruitfully combined and have fueled advances in the cardiovascular disease field. We will provide a brief introduction to CVD, reviewing some of the recent studies as related to the role of endothelial cells and endothelial cell dysfunction. Recent advances and the techniques widely used in both bioengineering and stem cell biology will be discussed, providing a broad overview of the collaboration between these two fields and their overall impact on tissue engineering in the cardiovascular devices and implications for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H C Florido
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas P Ziats
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Clancy CE, Santana LF. Advances in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes: technological breakthroughs, key discoveries and new applications. J Physiol 2024; 602:3871-3892. [PMID: 39032073 PMCID: PMC11326976 DOI: 10.1113/jp282562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A transformation is underway in precision and patient-specific medicine. Rapid progress has been enabled by multiple new technologies including induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes (iPSC-CMs). Here, we delve into these advancements and their future promise, focusing on the efficiency of reprogramming techniques, the fidelity of differentiation into the cardiac lineage, the functional characterization of the resulting cardiac myocytes, and the many applications of in silico models to understand general and patient-specific mechanisms controlling excitation-contraction coupling in health and disease. Furthermore, we explore the current and potential applications of iPSC-CMs in both research and clinical settings, underscoring the far-reaching implications of this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen E Clancy
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine and Data Sciences, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - L Fernando Santana
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine and Data Sciences, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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9
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Teles D, Fine BM. Using induced pluripotent stem cells for drug discovery in arrhythmias. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:827-840. [PMID: 38825838 PMCID: PMC11227103 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2360420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arrhythmias are disturbances in the normal rhythm of the heart and account for significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Historically, preclinical research has been anchored in animal models, though physiological differences between these models and humans have limited their clinical translation. The discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and subsequent differentiation into cardiomyocyte has led to the development of new in vitro models of arrhythmias with the hope of a new pathway for both exploration of pathogenic variants and novel therapeutic discovery. AREAS COVERED The authors describe the latest two-dimensional in vitro models of arrhythmias, several examples of the use of these models in drug development, and the role of gene editing when modeling diseases. They conclude by discussing the use of three-dimensional models in the study of arrythmias and the integration of computational technologies and machine learning with experimental technologies. EXPERT OPINION Human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes models have significant potential to augment disease modeling, drug discovery, and toxicity studies in preclinical development. While there is initial success with modeling arrhythmias, the field is still in its nascency and requires advances in maturation, cellular diversity, and readouts to emulate arrhythmias more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Teles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Barry M. Fine
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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10
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Wali R, Xu H, Cheruiyot C, Saleem HN, Janshoff A, Habeck M, Ebert A. Integrated machine learning and multimodal data fusion for patho-phenotypic feature recognition in iPSC models of dilated cardiomyopathy. Biol Chem 2024; 405:427-439. [PMID: 38651266 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2024-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Integration of multiple data sources presents a challenge for accurate prediction of molecular patho-phenotypic features in automated analysis of data from human model systems. Here, we applied a machine learning-based data integration to distinguish patho-phenotypic features at the subcellular level for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We employed a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) model of a DCM mutation in the sarcomere protein troponin T (TnT), TnT-R141W, compared to isogenic healthy (WT) control iPSC-CMs. We established a multimodal data fusion (MDF)-based analysis to integrate source datasets for Ca2+ transients, force measurements, and contractility recordings. Data were acquired for three additional layer types, single cells, cell monolayers, and 3D spheroid iPSC-CM models. For data analysis, numerical conversion as well as fusion of data from Ca2+ transients, force measurements, and contractility recordings, a non-negative blind deconvolution (NNBD)-based method was applied. Using an XGBoost algorithm, we found a high prediction accuracy for fused single cell, monolayer, and 3D spheroid iPSC-CM models (≥92 ± 0.08 %), as well as for fused Ca2+ transient, beating force, and contractility models (>96 ± 0.04 %). Integrating MDF and XGBoost provides a highly effective analysis tool for prediction of patho-phenotypic features in complex human disease models such as DCM iPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruheen Wali
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, 27177 Göttingen University , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, 27177 Göttingen University , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cleophas Cheruiyot
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, 27177 Göttingen University , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hafiza Nosheen Saleem
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, 27177 Göttingen University , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Janshoff
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Göttingen University, Tammannstraße 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Habeck
- Microscopic Image Analysis, 39065 Jena University Hospital , Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antje Ebert
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, 27177 Göttingen University , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
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11
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Saleem HN, Ignatyeva N, Stuut C, Jakobs S, Habeck M, Ebert A. 3D Computational Modeling of Defective Early Endosome Distribution in Human iPSC-Based Cardiomyopathy Models. Cells 2024; 13:923. [PMID: 38891055 PMCID: PMC11171759 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular cargo delivery via distinct transport routes relies on vesicle carriers. A key trafficking route distributes cargo taken up by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) via early endosomes. The highly dynamic nature of the endosome network presents a challenge for its quantitative analysis, and theoretical modelling approaches can assist in elucidating the organization of the endosome trafficking system. Here, we introduce a new computational modelling approach for assessment of endosome distributions. We employed a model of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) with inherited mutations causing dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this model, vesicle distribution is defective due to impaired CME-dependent signaling, resulting in plasma membrane-localized early endosomes. We recapitulated this in iPSC-CMs carrying two different mutations, TPM1-L185F and TnT-R141W (MUT), using 3D confocal imaging as well as super-resolution STED microscopy. We computed scaled distance distributions of EEA1-positive vesicles based on a spherical approximation of the cell. Employing this approach, 3D spherical modelling identified a bi-modal segregation of early endosome populations in MUT iPSC-CMs, compared to WT controls. Moreover, spherical modelling confirmed reversion of the bi-modal vesicle localization in RhoA II-treated MUT iPSC-CMs. This reflects restored, homogeneous distribution of early endosomes within MUT iPSC-CMs following rescue of CME-dependent signaling via RhoA II-dependent RhoA activation. Overall, our approach enables assessment of early endosome distribution in cell-based disease models. This new method may provide further insight into the dynamics of endosome networks in different physiological scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Nosheen Saleem
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nadezda Ignatyeva
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christiaan Stuut
- Research Group Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics, Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, High Resolution Microscopy, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Research Group Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics, Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Clinic of Neurology, High Resolution Microscopy, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michael Habeck
- Microscopic Image Analysis, 39065 Jena University Hospital, Kollegiengasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antje Ebert
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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12
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Habecker BA, Bers DM, Birren SJ, Chang R, Herring N, Kay MW, Li D, Mendelowitz D, Mongillo M, Montgomery JM, Ripplinger CM, Tampakakis E, Winbo A, Zaglia T, Zeltner N, Paterson DJ. Molecular and cellular neurocardiology in heart disease. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38778747 DOI: 10.1113/jp284739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper updates and builds on a previous White Paper in this journal that some of us contributed to concerning the molecular and cellular basis of cardiac neurobiology of heart disease. Here we focus on recent findings that underpin cardiac autonomic development, novel intracellular pathways and neuroplasticity. Throughout we highlight unanswered questions and areas of controversy. Whilst some neurochemical pathways are already demonstrating prognostic viability in patients with heart failure, we also discuss the opportunity to better understand sympathetic impairment by using patient specific stem cells that provides pathophysiological contextualization to study 'disease in a dish'. Novel imaging techniques and spatial transcriptomics are also facilitating a road map for target discovery of molecular pathways that may form a therapeutic opportunity to treat cardiac dysautonomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Habecker
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Department of Medicine Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Susan J Birren
- Department of Biology, Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Rui Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Neil Herring
- Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew W Kay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Mendelowitz
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marco Mongillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Johanna M Montgomery
- Department of Physiology and Manaaki Manawa Centre for Heart Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Crystal M Ripplinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Annika Winbo
- Department of Physiology and Manaaki Manawa Centre for Heart Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tania Zaglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nadja Zeltner
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David J Paterson
- Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Clark AP, Krogh-Madsen T, Christini DJ. Stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte heterogeneity confounds electrophysiological insights. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38723234 DOI: 10.1113/jp284618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) offer potential as an in vitro model for studying drug cardiotoxicity and patient-specific cardiovascular disease. The inherent electrophysiological heterogeneity of these cells limits the depth of insights that can be drawn from well-designed experiments. In this review, we provide our perspective on some sources and the consequences of iPSC-CM heterogeneity. We demonstrate the extent of heterogeneity in the literature and explain how such heterogeneity is exacerbated by patch-clamp experimental artifacts in the manual and automated set-up. Finally, we discuss how this heterogeneity, caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, limits our ability to build digital twins of patient-derived cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Christini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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14
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Volmert B, Aguirre A. Methods for Generating Self-Organizing Human Patterned Heart Organoids Using Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38647861 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2024_545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells exhibit notable similarities to organ development in vitro. Nonetheless, cardiac organoids generated to date possess immature phenotypes and are unable to model the full spectrum of heart development and disease. Here, we describe the developmental maturation of human heart organoids by controlled exposure to metabolic and hormonal factors over a 10-day period, mirroring key stages of human cardiac development and resulting in significant molecular, cellular, morphological, and functional changes. Overall, our findings represent a significant advancement in synthetic human heart development, offering a valuable platform for studying cardiac disease states and conducting pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Volmert
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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15
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Chen Y, Li M, Wu Y. The occurrence and development of induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Genet 2024; 15:1389558. [PMID: 38699229 PMCID: PMC11063328 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1389558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM), known as "Yamanaka factors," can reprogram or stimulate the production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Although OSKM is still the gold standard, there are multiple ways to reprogram cells into iPSCs. In recent years, significant progress has been made in improving the efficiency of this technology. Ten years after the first report was published, human pluripotent stem cells have gradually been applied in clinical settings, including disease modeling, cell therapy, new drug development, and cell derivation. Here, we provide a review of the discovery of iPSCs and their applications in disease and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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16
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Zhang ZH, Barajas-Martinez H, Jiang H, Huang CX, Antzelevitch C, Xia H, Hu D. Gene and stem cell therapy for inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108596. [PMID: 38301770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Inherited cardiac arrhythmias are a group of genetic diseases predisposing to sudden cardiac arrest, mainly resulting from variants in genes encoding cardiac ion channels or proteins involved in their regulation. Currently available therapeutic options (pharmacotherapy, ablative therapy and device-based therapy) can not preclude the occurrence of arrhythmia events and/or provide complete protection. With growing understanding of the genetic background and molecular mechanisms of inherited cardiac arrhythmias, advancing insight of stem cell technology, and development of vectors and delivery strategies, gene therapy and stem cell therapy may be promising approaches for treatment of inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Recent years have witnessed impressive progress in the basic science aspects and there is a clear and urgent need to be translated into the clinical management of arrhythmic events. In this review, we present a succinct overview of gene and cell therapy strategies, and summarize the current status of gene and cell therapy. Finally, we discuss future directions for implementation of gene and cell therapy in the therapy of inherited cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-He Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Hector Barajas-Martinez
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA, 19096, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Cong-Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Charles Antzelevitch
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA, 19096, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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17
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Kieda J, Shakeri A, Landau S, Wang EY, Zhao Y, Lai BF, Okhovatian S, Wang Y, Jiang R, Radisic M. Advances in cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:492-511. [PMID: 37909362 PMCID: PMC11213712 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in both cardiac tissue engineering and hearts-on-a-chip are grounded in new biomaterial development as well as the employment of innovative fabrication techniques that enable precise control of the mechanical, electrical, and structural properties of the cardiac tissues being modelled. The elongated structure of cardiomyocytes requires tuning of substrate properties and application of biophysical stimuli to drive its mature phenotype. Landmark advances have already been achieved with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac patches that advanced to human testing. Heart-on-a-chip platforms are now commonly used by a number of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Here, we provide an overview of cardiac physiology in order to better define the requirements for functional tissue recapitulation. We then discuss the biomaterials most commonly used in both cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip, followed by the discussion of recent representative studies in both fields. We outline significant challenges common to both fields, specifically: scalable tissue fabrication and platform standardization, improving cellular fidelity through effective tissue vascularization, achieving adult tissue maturation, and ultimately developing cryopreservation protocols so that the tissues are available off the shelf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kieda
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amid Shakeri
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Fook Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sargol Okhovatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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van Doorn ECH, Amesz JH, Sadeghi AH, de Groot NMS, Manintveld OC, Taverne YJHJ. Preclinical Models of Cardiac Disease: A Comprehensive Overview for Clinical Scientists. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:232-249. [PMID: 38228811 PMCID: PMC11116217 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
For recent decades, cardiac diseases have been the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Despite significant achievements in their management, profound understanding of disease progression is limited. The lack of biologically relevant and robust preclinical disease models that truly grasp the molecular underpinnings of cardiac disease and its pathophysiology attributes to this stagnation, as well as the insufficiency of platforms that effectively explore novel therapeutic avenues. The area of fundamental and translational cardiac research has therefore gained wide interest of scientists in the clinical field, while the landscape has rapidly evolved towards an elaborate array of research modalities, characterized by diverse and distinctive traits. As a consequence, current literature lacks an intelligible and complete overview aimed at clinical scientists that focuses on selecting the optimal platform for translational research questions. In this review, we present an elaborate overview of current in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico platforms that model cardiac health and disease, delineating their main benefits and drawbacks, innovative prospects, and foremost fields of application in the scope of clinical research incentives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa C H van Doorn
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorik H Amesz
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amir H Sadeghi
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M S de Groot
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Yannick J H J Taverne
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Ryan T, Roberts JD. Stem cell models of inherited arrhythmias. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:420-430. [PMID: 39196215 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Inherited arrhythmias are a heterogeneous group of conditions that confer risk of sudden death. Many inherited arrhythmias have been linked to pathogenic genetic variants that result in ion channel dysfunction, although current genetic testing panels fail to identify variants in many patients, potentially secondary to their underlying substrates being oligogenic or polygenic. Here we review the current state of knowledge surrounding the cellular mechanisms of inherited arrhythmias generated from stem cell models with a focus on integrating genetic and mechanistic data. The utility and limitations of human induced pluripotent stem cell models in disease modeling and drug development are also explored with a particular focus on examples of pharmacogenetics and precision medicine. We submit that progress in understanding inherited arrhythmias is likely to be made by using human induced pluripotent stem cells to model probable polygenic cases as well as to interrogate the diverse and potentially complex molecular networks implicated by genome-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Ryan
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jason D Roberts
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Maizels L, Heller E, Landesberg M, Glatstein S, Huber I, Arbel G, Gepstein A, Aronson D, Sharabi S, Beinart R, Segev A, Maor E, Gepstein L. Utilizing Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Study Cardiac Electroporation Pulsed-Field Ablation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2024; 17:e012278. [PMID: 38344845 PMCID: PMC10949974 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroporation is a promising nonthermal ablation method for cardiac arrhythmia treatment. Although initial clinical studies found electroporation pulsed-field ablation (PFA) both safe and efficacious, there are significant knowledge gaps concerning the mechanistic nature and electrophysiological consequences of cardiomyocyte electroporation, contributed by the paucity of suitable human in vitro models. Here, we aimed to establish and characterize a functional in vitro model based on human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived cardiac tissue, and to study the fundamentals of cardiac PFA. METHODS hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were seeded as circular cell sheets and subjected to different PFA protocols. Detailed optical mapping, cellular, and molecular characterizations were performed to study PFA mechanisms and electrophysiological outcomes. RESULTS PFA generated electrically silenced lesions within the hiPSC-derived cardiac circular cell sheets, resulting in areas of conduction block. Both reversible and irreversible electroporation components were identified. Significant electroporation reversibility was documented within 5 to 15-minutes post-PFA. Irreversibly electroporated regions persisted at 24-hours post-PFA. Per single pulse, high-frequency PFA was less efficacious than standard (monophasic) PFA, whereas increasing pulse-number augmented lesion size and diminished reversible electroporation. PFA augmentation could also be achieved by increasing extracellular Ca2+ levels. Flow-cytometry experiments revealed that regulated cell death played an important role following PFA. Assessing for PFA antiarrhythmic properties, sustainable lines of conduction block could be generated using PFA, which could either terminate or isolate arrhythmic activity in the hiPSC-derived cardiac circular cell sheets. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac electroporation may be studied using hiPSC-derived cardiac tissue, providing novel insights into PFA temporal and electrophysiological characteristics, facilitating electroporation protocol optimization, screening for potential PFA-sensitizers, and investigating the mechanistic nature of PFA antiarrhythmic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Maizels
- Division of Cardiology, Leviev Center of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Ramt Gan, Israel (L.M., E.H., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel (L.M., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Talpiot Sheba Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (L.M., E.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Eyal Heller
- Division of Cardiology, Leviev Center of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Ramt Gan, Israel (L.M., E.H., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
| | - Michal Landesberg
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
| | - Shany Glatstein
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
| | - Irit Huber
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
| | - Gil Arbel
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
| | - Amira Gepstein
- Division of Cardiology, Leviev Center of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Ramt Gan, Israel (L.M., E.H., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
| | - Doron Aronson
- Division of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel (D.A., L.G.)
| | - Shirley Sharabi
- Advanced Technology Center and Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (S.S.)
| | - Roy Beinart
- Division of Cardiology, Leviev Center of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Ramt Gan, Israel (L.M., E.H., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel (L.M., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
| | - Amit Segev
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel (L.M., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
| | - Elad Maor
- Division of Cardiology, Leviev Center of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Ramt Gan, Israel (L.M., E.H., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel (L.M., R.B., A.S., E.M.)
- Talpiot Sheba Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel (L.M., E.M.)
| | - Lior Gepstein
- Sohnis Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel (M.L., S.G., I.H., G.A., A.G., L.G.)
- Division of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel (D.A., L.G.)
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Wu Y, Kong XJ, Ji YY, Fan J, Chen XM, Ji CC, Cheng YJ, Wu SH. Correction of I to in human induced pluripotent stem Cell-derived cardiomyocyte carrying DPP6 mutation in early repolarization syndrome by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113929. [PMID: 38272106 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Early repolarization syndrome (ERS) is defined as occurring in patients with early repolarization pattern who have survived idiopathic ventricular fibrillation with clinical evaluation unrevealing for other explanations. The pathophysiologic basis of the ERS is currently uncertain. The objective of the present study was to examine the electrophysiological mechanism of ERS utilizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Whole genome sequencing was used to identify the DPP6 (c.2561T > C/p.L854P) variant in four families with sudden cardiac arrest induced by ERS. Cardiomyocytes were generated from iPSCs from a 14-year-old boy in the four families with ERS and an unrelated healthy control subject. Patch clamp recordings revealed more significant prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) and increased transient outward potassium current (Ito) (103.97 ± 18.73 pA/pF vs 44.36 ± 16.54 pA/pF at +70 mV, P < 0.05) in ERS cardiomyocytes compared with control cardiomyocytes. Of note, the selective correction of the causal variant in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing normalized the Ito, whereas prolongation of the APD remained unchanged. ERS cardiomyocytes carrying DPP6 mutation increased Ito and lengthen APD, which maybe lay the electrophysiological foundation of ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiang-Jun Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Miao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yun-Jiu Cheng
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Su-Hua Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Butler AS, Ascione R, Marrion NV, Harmer SC, Hancox JC. In situ monolayer patch clamp of acutely stimulated human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes promotes consistent electrophysiological responses to SK channel inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3185. [PMID: 38326449 PMCID: PMC10850090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) represent an in vitro model of cardiac function. Isolated iPSC-CMs, however, exhibit electrophysiological heterogeneity which hinders their utility in the study of certain cardiac currents. In the healthy adult heart, the current mediated by small conductance, calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels (ISK) is atrial-selective. Functional expression of ISK within atrial-like iPSC-CMs has not been explored thoroughly. The present study therefore aimed to investigate atrial-like iPSC-CMs as a model system for the study of ISK. iPSCs were differentiated using retinoic acid (RA) to produce iPSC-CMs which exhibited an atrial-like phenotype (RA-iPSC-CMs). Only 18% of isolated RA-iPSC-CMs responded to SK channel inhibition by UCL1684 and isolated iPSC-CMs exhibited substantial cell-to-cell electrophysiological heterogeneity. This variability was significantly reduced by patch clamp of RA-iPSC-CMs in situ as a monolayer (iPSC-ML). A novel method of electrical stimulation was developed to facilitate recording from iPSC-MLs via In situ Monolayer Patch clamp of Acutely Stimulated iPSC-CMs (IMPASC). Using IMPASC, > 95% of iPSC-MLs could be paced at a 1 Hz. In contrast to isolated RA-iPSC-CMs, 100% of RA-iPSC-MLs responded to UCL1684, with APD50 being prolonged by 16.0 ± 2.0 ms (p < 0.0001; n = 12). These data demonstrate that in conjunction with IMPASC, RA-iPSC-MLs represent an improved model for the study of ISK. IMPASC may be of wider value in the study of other ion channels that are inconsistently expressed in isolated iPSC-CMs and in pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Butler
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Raimondo Ascione
- Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Neil V Marrion
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Stephen C Harmer
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Jules C Hancox
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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23
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Lerman BB, Markowitz SM, Cheung JW, Thomas G, Ip JE. Ventricular Tachycardia Due to Triggered Activity: Role of Early and Delayed Afterdepolarizations. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:379-401. [PMID: 38127010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Most forms of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) are caused by re-entry, resulting from altered myocardial conduction and refractoriness secondary to underlying structural heart disease. In contrast, VT caused by triggered activity (TA) is unrelated to an abnormal structural substrate and is often caused by molecular defects affecting ion channel function or regulation of intracellular calcium cycling. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular bases underlying TA and exemplifies their clinical relevance with selective representative scenarios. The underlying basis of TA caused by delayed afterdepolarizations is related to sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium overload, calcium waves, and diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak. Clinical examples of TA caused by delayed afterdepolarizations include sustained right and left ventricular outflow tract tachycardia and catecholaminergic polymorphic VT. The other form of afterpotentials, early afterdepolarizations, are systolic events and inscribe early afterdepolarizations during phase 2 or phase 3 of the action potential. The fundamental defect is a decrease in repolarization reserve with associated increases in late plateau inward currents. Malignant ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndromes are initiated by early afterdepolarization-mediated TA. An understanding of the molecular and cellular bases of these arrhythmias has resulted in generally effective pharmacologic-based therapies, but these are nonspecific agents that have off-target effects. Therapeutic efficacy may need to be augmented with an implantable defibrillator. Next-generation therapies will include novel agents that rescue arrhythmogenic abnormalities in cellular signaling pathways and gene therapy approaches that transfer or edit pathogenic gene variants or silence mutant messenger ribonucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce B Lerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Steven M Markowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jim W Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - George Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James E Ip
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Wang L, Zeng Q, Wang S, Wu D, Wang J, Zhang H, Lv X. Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (SDCHi001-A) from a healthy Chinese child donor. Stem Cell Res 2024; 74:103278. [PMID: 38118205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We recruited a healthy 6-year-old Chinese Han male, obtained his peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and successfully established induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) line using non-integrated reprogramming technology. The iPSC line possessed normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers and could differentiate into three germ layers in vitro. This cell line will serve as an available control in the research of molecular pathogenesis and a basis for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyun Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Xin Lv
- Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China; Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China.
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25
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Lahm H, Singh NK, Gottmann I, Doppler SA, Dzilic E, Preisler H, Schneider S, Lange R, Krane M, Dreßen M. Insertion of a FLAG-tag sequence at the end of exon 9 of the TBX5 gene in three induced pluripotent stem cell lines (DHMi004-A-4, DHMi004-A-5, DHMi004-A-6) by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Stem Cell Res 2024; 74:103261. [PMID: 38100916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of TBX5-related regulatory sequences in genes essential for heart development is hampered by the absence of antibodies which allow precipitation of TBX5:DNA complexes. Employing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we have inserted a FLAG-tag sequence at the end of exon 9 of the TBX5 gene prior to the stop codon by homologous recombination. The translated TBX5-FLAG fusion protein of the three iPSC lines can effectively be precipitated by anti-FLAG antibodies and, thus, allow the detection of specific TBX5-binding sites and their associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Lahm
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany.
| | - Niraj K Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Irina Gottmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Stefanie A Doppler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Elda Dzilic
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Heike Preisler
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schneider
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany.
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26
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Maurissen TL, Kawatou M, López-Dávila V, Minatoya K, Yamashita JK, Woltjen K. Modeling mutation-specific arrhythmogenic phenotypes in isogenic human iPSC-derived cardiac tissues. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2586. [PMID: 38297132 PMCID: PMC10831092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Disease modeling using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from patients with genetic disease is a powerful approach for dissecting pathophysiology and drug discovery. Nevertheless, isogenic controls are required to precisely compare phenotypic outcomes from presumed causative mutations rather than differences in genetic backgrounds. Moreover, 2D cellular models often fail to exhibit authentic disease phenotypes resulting in poor validation in vitro. Here we show that a combination of precision gene editing and bioengineered 3D tissue models can establish advanced isogenic hiPSC-derived cardiac disease models, overcoming these drawbacks. To model inherited cardiac arrhythmias we selected representative N588D and N588K missense mutations affecting the same codon in the hERG potassium channel gene KCNH2, which are reported to cause long (LQTS) and short (SQTS) QT syndromes, respectively. We generated compound heterozygous variants in normal hiPSCs, and differentiated cardiomyocytes (CMs) and mesenchymal cells (MCs) to form 3D cardiac tissue sheets (CTSs). In hiPSC-derived CM monolayers and 3D CTSs, electrophysiological analysis with multielectrode arrays showed prolonged and shortened repolarization, respectively, compared to the isogenic controls. When pharmacologically inhibiting the hERG channels, mutant 3D CTSs were differentially susceptible to arrhythmic events than the isogenic controls. Thus, this strategy offers advanced disease models that can reproduce clinically relevant phenotypes and provide solid validation of gene mutations in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Maurissen
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Metabolism, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Masahide Kawatou
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Víctor López-Dávila
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Gourmey, Paris, France
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun K Yamashita
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Department of Cellular and Tissue Communications, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Knut Woltjen
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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27
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Babini H, Jiménez-Sábado V, Stogova E, Arslanova A, Butt M, Dababneh S, Asghari P, Moore EDW, Claydon TW, Chiamvimonvat N, Hove-Madsen L, Tibbits GF. hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a model to study the role of small-conductance Ca 2+-activated K + (SK) ion channel variants associated with atrial fibrillation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1298007. [PMID: 38304423 PMCID: PMC10830749 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1298007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia, has been associated with different electrophysiological, molecular, and structural alterations in atrial cardiomyocytes. Therefore, more studies are required to elucidate the genetic and molecular basis of AF. Various genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have strongly associated different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AF. One of these GWAS identified the rs13376333 risk SNP as the most significant one from the 1q21 chromosomal region. The rs13376333 risk SNP is intronic to the KCNN3 gene that encodes for small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels type 3 (SK3). However, the functional electrophysiological effects of this variant are not known. SK channels represent a unique family of K+ channels, primarily regulated by cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, and different studies support their critical role in the regulation of atrial excitability and consequently in the development of arrhythmias like AF. Since different studies have shown that both upregulation and downregulation of SK3 channels can lead to arrhythmias by different mechanisms, an important goal is to elucidate whether the rs13376333 risk SNP is a gain-of-function (GoF) or a loss-of-function (LoF) variant. A better understanding of the functional consequences associated with these SNPs could influence clinical practice guidelines by improving genotype-based risk stratification and personalized treatment. Although research using native human atrial cardiomyocytes and animal models has provided useful insights, each model has its limitations. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop a human-derived model that represents human physiology more accurately than existing animal models. In this context, research with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and subsequent generation of cardiomyocytes derived from hiPSC (hiPSC-CMs) has revealed the underlying causes of various cardiovascular diseases and identified treatment opportunities that were not possible using in vitro or in vivo studies with animal models. Thus, the ability to generate atrial cardiomyocytes and atrial tissue derived from hiPSCs from human/patients with specific genetic diseases, incorporating novel genetic editing tools to generate isogenic controls and organelle-specific reporters, and 3D bioprinting of atrial tissue could be essential to study AF pathophysiological mechanisms. In this review, we will first give an overview of SK-channel function, its role in atrial fibrillation and outline pathophysiological mechanisms of KCNN3 risk SNPs. We will then highlight the advantages of using the hiPSC-CM model to investigate SNPs associated with AF, while addressing limitations and best practices for rigorous hiPSC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Babini
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Verónica Jiménez-Sábado
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- IIB SANT PAU, and CIBERCV, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Stogova
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Alia Arslanova
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Mariam Butt
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Saif Dababneh
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Parisa Asghari
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edwin D. W. Moore
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thomas W. Claydon
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- IIB SANT PAU, and CIBERCV, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Glen F. Tibbits
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Mariani MV, Pierucci N, Fanisio F, Laviola D, Silvetti G, Piro A, La Fazia VM, Chimenti C, Rebecchi M, Drago F, Miraldi F, Natale A, Vizza CD, Lavalle C. Inherited Arrhythmias in the Pediatric Population: An Updated Overview. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:94. [PMID: 38256355 PMCID: PMC10819657 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric cardiomyopathies (CMs) and electrical diseases constitute a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders distinguished by structural and electrical abnormalities in the heart muscle, attributed to a genetic variant. They rank among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population, with an annual incidence of 1.1-1.5 per 100,000 in children under the age of 18. The most common conditions are dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Despite great enthusiasm for research in this field, studies in this population are still limited, and the management and treatment often follow adult recommendations, which have significantly more data on treatment benefits. Although adult and pediatric cardiac diseases share similar morphological and clinical manifestations, their outcomes significantly differ. This review summarizes the latest evidence on genetics, clinical characteristics, management, and updated outcomes of primary pediatric CMs and electrical diseases, including DCM, HCM, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), Brugada syndrome (BrS), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), long QT syndrome (LQTS), and short QT syndrome (SQTS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Nicola Pierucci
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Francesca Fanisio
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Domenico Laviola
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Giacomo Silvetti
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Agostino Piro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Vincenzo Mirco La Fazia
- Department of Electrophysiology, St. David’s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, TX 78705, USA; (V.M.L.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Cristina Chimenti
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Marco Rebecchi
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabio Miraldi
- Cardio Thoracic-Vascular and Organ Transplantation Surgery Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Natale
- Department of Electrophysiology, St. David’s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, TX 78705, USA; (V.M.L.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Carlo Lavalle
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Aenesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (D.L.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (C.C.); (C.D.V.); (C.L.)
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Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Sharma V, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Kuca K, Chopra C. Advances in Genetic Reprogramming: Prospects from Developmental Biology to Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1646-1690. [PMID: 37138422 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503144619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The foundations of cell reprogramming were laid by Yamanaka and co-workers, who showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells (induced pluripotency). Since this discovery, the field of regenerative medicine has seen advancements. For example, because they can differentiate into multiple cell types, pluripotent stem cells are considered vital components in regenerative medicine aimed at the functional restoration of damaged tissue. Despite years of research, both replacement and restoration of failed organs/ tissues have remained elusive scientific feats. However, with the inception of cell engineering and nuclear reprogramming, useful solutions have been identified to counter the need for compatible and sustainable organs. By combining the science underlying genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming with regenerative medicine, scientists have engineered cells to make gene and stem cell therapies applicable and effective. These approaches have enabled the targeting of various pathways to reprogramme cells, i.e., make them behave in beneficial ways in a patient-specific manner. Technological advancements have clearly supported the concept and realization of regenerative medicine. Genetic engineering is used for tissue engineering and nuclear reprogramming and has led to advances in regenerative medicine. Targeted therapies and replacement of traumatized , damaged, or aged organs can be realized through genetic engineering. Furthermore, the success of these therapies has been validated through thousands of clinical trials. Scientists are currently evaluating induced tissue-specific stem cells (iTSCs), which may lead to tumour-free applications of pluripotency induction. In this review, we present state-of-the-art genetic engineering that has been used in regenerative medicine. We also focus on ways that genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming have transformed regenerative medicine and have become unique therapeutic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Head of Bioinformatic Division, NMC Genetics India Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, CZ 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Luo Y, Chen Y, Ge L, Zhou G, Chen Y, Zhu D. Competing endogenous RNA network analysis of Turner syndrome patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes reveals dysregulation of autosomal heart development genes by altered dosages of X-inactivation escaping non-coding RNAs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:376. [PMID: 38124119 PMCID: PMC10734062 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 45,X monosomy (Turner syndrome, TS) is the only chromosome haploinsufficiency compatible with life. Nevertheless, the surviving TS patients still suffer from increased morbidity and mortality, with around one-third of them subjecting to heart abnormalities. How loss of one X chromosome drive these conditions remains largely unknown. METHODS Here, we have generated cardiomyocytes (CMs) from wild-type and TS patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and profiled the mRNA, lncRNA and circRNA expression in these cells. RESULTS We observed lower beating frequencies and higher mitochondrial DNA copies per nucleus in TS-CMs. Moreover, we have identified a global transcriptome dysregulation of both coding and non-coding RNAs in TS-CMs. The differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched of heart development genes. Further competing endogenous RNA network analysis revealed putative regulatory circuit of autosomal genes relevant with mitochondrial respiratory chain and heart development, such as COQ10A, RARB and WNT2, mediated by X-inactivation escaping lnc/circRNAs, such as lnc-KDM5C-4:1, hsa_circ_0090421 and hsa_circ_0090392. The aberrant expressions of these genes in TS-CMs were verified by qPCR. Further knockdown of lnc-KDM5C-4:1 in wild-type CMs exhibited significantly reduced beating frequencies. CONCLUSIONS Our study has revealed a genomewide ripple effect of X chromosome halpoinsufficiency at post-transcriptional level and provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying heart abnormalities in TS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
- Biologics Test and Evaluation Center, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Yapei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Lingxia Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Guanqing Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yaoyong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Detu Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
- Biologics Test and Evaluation Center, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
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Sebastian SA, Panthangi V, Sethi Y, Padda I, Khan U, Affas ZR, Mareddy C, Dolack L, Johal G. Precision Medicine and Cardiac Channelopathies: Human iPSCs Take the Lead. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101990. [PMID: 37495059 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, usually involving young people. SCD remains a critical public health problem accounting for 185,000-450,000 deaths annually, representing around 7%-18% of all deaths globally. As per evidence, ∼2%-54% of sudden unexpected deaths in people under the age of 35 years fail to show evidence of structural cardiac abnormalities at autopsy, making ion channelopathies the probable causes in such cases. The most generally recognized cardiac ion channelopathies with genetic testing are long QT syndrome (LQTS), Brugada syndrome (BrS), short QT syndrome (SQTS), and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). The substantial progress in understanding the genetics of ion channelopathies in the last 2 decades has obliged the early diagnosis and prevention of SCD to a certain extent. In this review, we analyze the critical challenges and recent advancements in the identification, risk stratification, and clinical management of potentially fatal cardiac ion channel disorders. We also emphasize the application of precision medicine (PM) and artificial intelligence (AI) for comprehending the underlying genetic mechanisms, especially the role of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) based platforms to unravel the primary refractory clinical problems associated with channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yashendra Sethi
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Department of Internal Medicine, Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun, India
| | - Inderbir Padda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center/Mount Sinai, Staten Island, NY
| | - Ubaid Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ziad R Affas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Clinton Township, MI
| | - Chinmaya Mareddy
- Department of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Lee Dolack
- Department of Cardiology, University of Washington, Valley Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Gurpreet Johal
- Department of Cardiology, University of Washington, Valley Medical Center, Seattle, WA
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Fan X, Yang G, Duru F, Grilli M, Akin I, Zhou X, Saguner AM, Ei-Battrawy I. Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: from Preclinical Models to Genotype-phenotype Correlation and Pathophysiology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2683-2708. [PMID: 37731079 PMCID: PMC10661732 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary myocardial disease characterized by the replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibrous fatty deposits. ACM is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance and expressivity, which is mainly related to ventricular tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Importantly, significant progress has been made in determining the genetic background of ACM due to the development of new techniques for genetic analysis. The exact molecular pathomechanism of ACM, however, is not completely clear and the genotype-phenotype correlations have not been fully elucidated, which are useful to predict the prognosis and treatment of ACM patients. Different gene-targeted and transgenic animal models, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) models, and heterologous expression systems have been developed. Here, this review aims to summarize preclinical ACM models and platforms promoting our understanding of the pathogenesis of ACM and assess their value in elucidating the ACM genotype-phenotype relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Probes, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Grilli
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Ardan Muammer Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim Ei-Battrawy
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology and Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr- University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Shiti A, Arbil G, Shaheen N, Huber I, Setter N, Gepstein L. Utilizing human induced pluripotent stem cells to study atrial arrhythmias in the short QT syndrome. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 183:42-53. [PMID: 37579942 PMCID: PMC10589759 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the monogenic inherited causes of atrial fibrillation is the short QT syndrome (SQTS), a rare channelopathy causing atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. One of the limitations in studying the mechanisms and optimizing treatment of SQTS-related atrial arrhythmias has been the lack of relevant human atrial tissues models. OBJECTIVE To generate a unique model to study SQTS-related atrial arrhythmias by combining the use of patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), atrial-specific differentiation schemes, two-dimensional tissue modeling, optical mapping, and drug testing. METHODS AND RESULTS SQTS (N588K KCNH2 mutation), isogenic-control, and healthy-control hiPSCs were coaxed to differentiate into atrial cardiomyocytes using a retinoic-acid based differentiation protocol. The atrial identity of the cells was confirmed by a distinctive pattern of MLC2v downregulation, connexin 40 upregulation, shorter and triangular-shaped action potentials (APs), and expression of the atrial-specific acetylcholine-sensitive potassium current. In comparison to the healthy- and isogenic control cells, the SQTS-hiPSC atrial cardiomyocytes displayed abbreviated APs and refractory periods along with an augmented rapidly activating delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKr). Optical mapping of a hiPSC-based atrial tissue model of the SQTS displayed shortened APD and altered biophysical properties of spiral waves induced in this model, manifested by accelerated spiral-wave frequency and increased rotor curvature. Both AP shortening and arrhythmia irregularities were reversed by quinidine and vernakalant treatment, but not by sotalol. CONCLUSIONS Patient-specific hiPSC-based atrial cellular and tissue models of the SQTS were established, which provide examples on how this type of modeling can shed light on the pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment of inherited atrial arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assad Shiti
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Arbil
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Naim Shaheen
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Irit Huber
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noga Setter
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Gepstein
- Sohnis Family Research Laboratory for Cardiac Electrophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Cardiolology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
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Sharma AK, Singh S, Bhat M, Gill K, Zaid M, Kumar S, Shakya A, Tantray J, Jose D, Gupta R, Yangzom T, Sharma RK, Sahu SK, Rathore G, Chandolia P, Singh M, Mishra A, Raj S, Gupta A, Agarwal M, Kifayat S, Gupta A, Gupta P, Vashist A, Vaibhav P, Kathuria N, Yadav V, Singh RP, Garg A. New drug discovery of cardiac anti-arrhythmic drugs: insights in animal models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16420. [PMID: 37775650 PMCID: PMC10541452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41942-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac rhythm regulated by micro-macroscopic structures of heart. Pacemaker abnormalities or disruptions in electrical conduction, lead to arrhythmic disorders may be benign, typical, threatening, ultimately fatal, occurs in clinical practice, patients on digitalis, anaesthesia or acute myocardial infarction. Both traditional and genetic animal models are: In-vitro: Isolated ventricular Myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscles, Patch-Clamp Experiments, Porcine Atrial Myocytes, Guinea pig ventricular myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscle: action potential and refractory period, Langendorff technique, Arrhythmia by acetylcholine or potassium. Acquired arrhythmia disorders: Transverse Aortic Constriction, Myocardial Ischemia, Complete Heart Block and AV Node Ablation, Chronic Tachypacing, Inflammation, Metabolic and Drug-Induced Arrhythmia. In-Vivo: Chemically induced arrhythmia: Aconitine antagonism, Digoxin-induced arrhythmia, Strophanthin/ouabain-induced arrhythmia, Adrenaline-induced arrhythmia, and Calcium-induced arrhythmia. Electrically induced arrhythmia: Ventricular fibrillation electrical threshold, Arrhythmia through programmed electrical stimulation, sudden coronary death in dogs, Exercise ventricular fibrillation. Genetic Arrhythmia: Channelopathies, Calcium Release Deficiency Syndrome, Long QT Syndrome, Short QT Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome. Genetic with Structural Heart Disease: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Atrial Fibrillation, Sick Sinus Syndrome, Atrioventricular Block, Preexcitation Syndrome. Arrhythmia in Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Both traditional and genetic, experimental models of cardiac arrhythmias' characteristics and significance help in development of new antiarrhythmic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India.
| | - Shivam Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mehvish Bhat
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Kartik Gill
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mohammad Zaid
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anjali Shakya
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Junaid Tantray
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Divyamol Jose
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Rashmi Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Tsering Yangzom
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | | | - Gulshan Rathore
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Priyanka Chandolia
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anurag Mishra
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Shobhit Raj
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Archita Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Sumaiya Kifayat
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Ankit Vashist
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Parth Vaibhav
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Nancy Kathuria
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Vipin Yadav
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Arun Garg
- MVN University, Palwal, Haryana, India
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Pugsley MK, Koshman YE, Foley CM, Winters BR, Authier S, Curtis MJ. Safety pharmacology 2023 and implementation of the ICH E14/S7B Q&A guidance document. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 123:107300. [PMID: 37524151 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published since 2004 in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (JPTM). We highlight here the content derived from the recent 2022 Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) and Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (CSPT) joint meeting held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The meeting also generated 179 abstracts (reproduced in the current volume of JPTM). As in previous years the manuscripts reflect various areas of innovation in SP including a comparison of the sensitivity of cross-over and parallel study designs for QTc assessment, use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hi-PSC) neuronal cell preparations for use in neuropharmacological safety screening, and hiPSC derived cardiac myocytes in assessing inotropic adversity. With respect to the latter, we anticipate the emergence of a large data set of positive and negative controls that will test whether the imperative to miniaturize, humanize and create a high throughput process is offset by any loss of precision and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Pugsley
- Toxicology & Safety Pharmacology, Cytokinetics, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | | | | | - Brett R Winters
- Toxicology & Safety Pharmacology, Cytokinetics, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Simon Authier
- Charles River Laboratories, Laval, QC H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Michael J Curtis
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE17EH, UK
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Wan Z, Guan J, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang B, Yang X, Jin X, Ma X, Liu Y. Generation and characterization of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (SDQLCHi052-A) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from a healthy Chinese donor. Stem Cell Res 2023; 71:103139. [PMID: 37320988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A non-integrated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated derived from a healthy 20-day-old male using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The established induced pluripotent stem cell line possesses a normal karyotype, expresses pluripotency markers and able to differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro. This cell line could serve as a health control or a basis for disease modeling, to explore molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Wan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China; National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jingyun Guan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Yue Li
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Xiaohua Jin
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China; National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250022, China.
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El-Battrawy I, Hamdani N, Zhou X, Akin I. Variable Brugada syndrome phenotype severity in a dish: dreams meet reality. EBioMedicine 2023; 95:104757. [PMID: 37572643 PMCID: PMC10433006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology and Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology and Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
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Clark AP, Wei S, Fullerton K, Krogh-Madsen T, Christini DJ. Rapid ionic current phenotyping (RICP) identifies mechanistic underpinnings of iPSC-CM AP heterogeneity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.16.553521. [PMID: 37645815 PMCID: PMC10461967 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.16.553521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
As a renewable, easily accessible, human-derived in vitro model, human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) are a promising tool for studying arrhythmia-related factors, including cardiotoxicity and congenital proarrhythmia risks. An oft-mentioned limitation of iPSC-CMs is the abundant cell-to-cell variability in recordings of their electrical activity. Here, we develop a new method, rapid ionic current phenotyping (RICP), that utilizes a short (10 s) voltage clamp protocol to quantify cell-to-cell heterogeneity in key ionic currents. We correlate these ionic current dynamics to action potential recordings from the same cells and produce mechanistic insights into cellular heterogeneity. We present evidence that the L-type calcium current is the main determinant of upstroke velocity, rapid delayed rectifier K+ current is the main determinant of the maximal diastolic potential, and an outward current in the excitable range of slow delayed rectifier K+ is the main determinant of action potential duration. We measure an unidentified outward current in several cells at 6 mV that is not recapitulated by iPSC-CM mathematical models but contributes to determining action potential duration. In this way, our study both quantifies cell-to-cell variability in membrane potential and ionic currents, and demonstrates how the ionic current variability gives rise to action potential heterogeneity. Based on these results, we argue that iPSC-CM heterogeneity should not be viewed simply as a problem to be solved but as a model system to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of cellular variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Siyu Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Kristin Fullerton
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Trine Krogh-Madsen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - David J Christini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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Lahm H, Dzilic E, Neb I, Doppler SA, Schneider S, Lange R, Krane M, Dreßen M. Correction of a deleterious TBX5 mutation in an induced pluripotent stem cell line (DHMi004-A-1) using a completely plasmid-free CRISPR/Cas 9 approach. Stem Cell Res 2023; 70:103126. [PMID: 37253295 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX5 is a transcription factor which plays an essential role at different checkpoints during cardiac differentiation. However, regulatory pathways affected by TBX5 still remain ill-defined. We have applied the CRISPR/Cas9 technology using a completely plasmid-free approach to correct a heterozygous causative "loss-of function" TBX5 mutation in an iPSC line (DHMi004-A), that has been established from a patient suffering from Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS). This isogenic iPSC line, DHMi004-A-1, represents a powerful in vitro tool to dissect the regulatory pathways affected by TBX5 in HOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Lahm
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany.
| | - Elda Dzilic
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Neb
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie A Doppler
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schneider
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany.
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40
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Korover N, Etzion S, Cherniak A, Rabinski T, Levitas A, Etzion Y, Ofir R, Parvari R, Cohen S. Functional defects in hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes from patients with a PLEKHM2-mutation associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction. Biol Res 2023; 56:34. [PMID: 37349842 PMCID: PMC10288792 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease, leading to heart failure and excessive risk of sudden cardiac death with rather poorly understood pathophysiology. In 2015, Parvari's group identified a recessive mutation in the autophagy regulator, PLEKHM2 gene, in a family with severe recessive DCM and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Fibroblasts isolated from these patients exhibited abnormal subcellular distribution of endosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and had impaired autophagy flux. To better understand the effect of mutated PLEKHM2 on cardiac tissue, we generated and characterized induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from two patients and a healthy control from the same family. The patient iPSC-CMs showed low expression levels of genes encoding for contractile functional proteins (α and β-myosin heavy chains and 2v and 2a-myosin light chains), structural proteins integral to heart contraction (Troponin C, T and I) and proteins participating in Ca2+ pumping action (SERCA2 and Calsequestrin 2) compared to their levels in control iPSC-derived CMs. Furthermore, the sarcomeres of the patient iPSC-CMs were less oriented and aligned compared to control cells and generated slowly beating foci with lower intracellular calcium amplitude and abnormal calcium transient kinetics, measured by IonOptix system and MuscleMotion software. Autophagy in patient's iPSC-CMs was impaired as determined from a decrease in the accumulation of autophagosomes in response to chloroquine and rapamycin treatment, compared to control iPSC-CMs. Impairment in autophagy together with the deficiency in the expression of NKX2.5, MHC, MLC, Troponins and CASQ2 genes, which are related to contraction-relaxation coupling and intracellular Ca2+ signaling, may contribute to the defective function of the patient CMs and possibly affect cell maturation and cardiac failure with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Korover
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Sharon Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Cherniak
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tatiana Rabinski
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoram Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center, 8691000, Masada, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Su SA, Zhang Y, Li W, Xi Y, Lu Y, Shen J, Ma Y, Wang Y, Shen Y, Xie L, Ma H, Xie Y, Xiang M. Cardiac Piezo1 Exacerbates Lethal Ventricular Arrhythmogenesis by Linking Mechanical Stress with Ca 2+ Handling After Myocardial Infarction. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0165. [PMID: 37303604 PMCID: PMC10255393 DOI: 10.34133/research.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmogenesis is a key cause of sudden cardiac death following myocardial infarction (MI). Accumulating data show that ischemia, sympathetic activation, and inflammation contribute to arrhythmogenesis. However, the role and mechanisms of abnormal mechanical stress in ventricular arrhythmia following MI remain undefined. We aimed to examine the impact of increased mechanical stress and identify the role of the key sensor Piezo1 in ventricular arrhythmogenesis in MI. Concomitant with increased ventricular pressure, Piezo1, as a newly recognized mechano-sensitive cation channel, was the most up-regulated mechanosensor in the myocardium of patients with advanced heart failure. Piezo1 was mainly located at the intercalated discs and T-tubules of cardiomyocytes, which are responsible for intracellular calcium homeostasis and intercellular communication. Cardiomyocyte-conditional Piezo1 knockout mice (Piezo1Cko) exhibited preserved cardiac function after MI. Piezo1Cko mice also displayed a dramatically decreased mortality in response to the programmed electrical stimulation after MI with a markedly reduced incidence of ventricular tachycardia. In contrast, activation of Piezo1 in mouse myocardium increased the electrical instability as indicated by prolonged QT interval and sagging ST segment. Mechanistically, Piezo1 impaired intracellular calcium cycling dynamics by mediating the intracellular Ca2+ overload and increasing the activation of Ca2+-modulated signaling, CaMKII, and calpain, which led to the enhancement of phosphorylation of RyR2 and further increment of Ca2+ leaking, finally provoking cardiac arrhythmias. Furthermore, in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), Piezo1 activation remarkably triggered cellular arrhythmogenic remodeling by significantly shortening the duration of the action potential, inducing early afterdepolarization, and enhancing triggered activity.This study uncovered a proarrhythmic role of Piezo1 during cardiac remodeling, which is achieved by regulating Ca2+ handling, implying a promising therapeutic target in sudden cardiac death and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-an Su
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wudi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yutao Xi
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yunrui Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuankun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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42
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Xu Z, Yang J, Xin X, Liu C, Li L, Mei X, Li M. Merits and challenges of iPSC-derived organoids for clinical applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1188905. [PMID: 37305682 PMCID: PMC10250752 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1188905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have entered an unprecedented state of development since they were first generated. They have played a critical role in disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell replacement therapy, and have contributed to the evolution of disciplines such as cell biology, pathophysiology of diseases, and regenerative medicine. Organoids, the stem cell-derived 3D culture systems that mimic the structure and function of organs in vitro, have been widely used in developmental research, disease modeling, and drug screening. Recent advances in combining iPSCs with 3D organoids are facilitating further applications of iPSCs in disease research. Organoids derived from embryonic stem cells, iPSCs, and multi-tissue stem/progenitor cells can replicate the processes of developmental differentiation, homeostatic self-renewal, and regeneration due to tissue damage, offering the potential to unravel the regulatory mechanisms of development and regeneration, and elucidate the pathophysiological processes involved in disease mechanisms. Herein, we have summarized the latest research on the production scheme of organ-specific iPSC-derived organoids, the contribution of these organoids in the treatment of various organ-related diseases, in particular their contribution to COVID-19 treatment, and have discussed the unresolved challenges and shortcomings of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxu Yang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xianyi Xin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chengrun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xianglin Mei
- Department of pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meiying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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43
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Lahm H, Stieglbauer S, Neb I, Doppler S, Schneider S, Dzilic E, Lange R, Krane M, Dreßen M. Generation of three CRISPR/Cas9 edited human induced pluripotent stem cell lines (DHMi005-A-5, DHMi005-A-6 and DHMi005-A-7) carrying a Holt-Oram Syndrome patient-specific TBX5 mutation with known cardiac phenotype and a FLAG-tag after exon 9 of the TBX5 gene. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103123. [PMID: 37210946 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX5 is a transcription factor (TF) playing essential role during cardiogenesis. It is well known that TF mutations possibly result in non- or additional binding of the DNA due to conformational changes of the protein. We introduced a Holt-Oram Syndrome (HOS) patient-specific TBX5 mutation c.920_C > A heterozygously in a healthy induced pluripotent stell cell (iPSC) line. This TBX5 mutation results in conformational changes of the protein and displayed ventricular septal defects in the patient itself. Additionally we introduced a FLAG-tag on the TBX5 mutation-carrying allele. The resulting heterozygous TBX5-FLAG iPSC lines are a powerful tool to investigate altered TF activity bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lahm
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany.
| | - S Stieglbauer
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany; Hochschule München University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - I Neb
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - S Doppler
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - S Schneider
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - E Dzilic
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - R Lange
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - M Krane
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) - Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M Dreßen
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany.
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44
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Reisqs JB, Moreau A, Sleiman Y, Boutjdir M, Richard S, Chevalier P. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy as a myogenic disease: highlights from cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1191965. [PMID: 37250123 PMCID: PMC10210147 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1191965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by the replacement of myocardium by fibro-fatty infiltration and cardiomyocyte loss. ACM predisposes to a high risk for ventricular arrhythmias. ACM has initially been defined as a desmosomal disease because most of the known variants causing the disease concern genes encoding desmosomal proteins. Studying this pathology is complex, in particular because human samples are rare and, when available, reflect the most advanced stages of the disease. Usual cellular and animal models cannot reproduce all the hallmarks of human pathology. In the last decade, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been proposed as an innovative human cellular model. The differentiation of hiPSCs into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) is now well-controlled and widely used in many laboratories. This hiPSC-CM model recapitulates critical features of the pathology and enables a cardiomyocyte-centered comprehensive approach to the disease and the screening of anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD) prescribed sometimes empirically to the patient. In this regard, this model provides unique opportunities to explore and develop new therapeutic approaches. The use of hiPSC-CMs will undoubtedly help the development of precision medicine to better cure patients suffering from ACM. This review aims to summarize the recent advances allowing the use of hiPSCs in the ACM context.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. B. Reisqs
- Cardiovascular Research Program, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - A. Moreau
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PhyMedExp, Montpellier, France
| | - Y. Sleiman
- Cardiovascular Research Program, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - M. Boutjdir
- Cardiovascular Research Program, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Cell Biology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY, United States
| | - S. Richard
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PhyMedExp, Montpellier, France
| | - P. Chevalier
- Neuromyogene Institute, Claude Bernard University, Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Service de Rythmologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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45
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Xiang H, Xu H, Tan B, Yi Q, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen T, Xie Q, Tian J, Zhu J. AKAP1 Regulates Mitochondrial Dynamics during the Fatty-Acid-Promoted Maturation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes as Indicated by Proteomics Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098112. [PMID: 37175819 PMCID: PMC10178876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are cells with promising applications. However, their immaturity has restricted their use in cell therapy, disease modeling, and other studies. Therefore, the current study focused on inducing the maturation of CMs. We supplemented hiPSC-CMs with fatty acids (FAs) to promote their phenotypic maturity. Proteomic sequencing was performed to identify regulators critical for promoting the maturation of hiPSC-CMs. AKAP1 was found to be significantly increased in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs, and the results were verified. Therefore, we inhibited AKAP1 expression in the FA-treated cells and analyzed the outcomes. FA supplementation promoted the morphological and functional maturation of the hiPSC-CMs, which was accompanied by the development of a mitochondrial network. Proteomic analysis results revealed that AKAP1 expression was significantly higher in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs than in control cells. In addition, increased phosphorylation of the mitochondrial dynamin Drp1 and an increased mitochondrial fusion rate were found in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs. After AKAP1 was knocked down, the level of DRP1 phosphorylation in the cell was decreased, and the mitochondrial fusion rate was reduced. FA supplementation effectively promoted the maturation of hiPSC-CMs, and in these cells, AKAP1 regulated mitochondrial dynamics, possibly playing a significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Tangtian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qiumin Xie
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Cardiovascular (Internal Medicine), Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Nguyen HT, Peirsman A, Tirpakova Z, Mandal K, Vanlauwe F, Maity S, Kawakita S, Khorsandi D, Herculano R, Umemura C, Yilgor C, Bell R, Hanson A, Li S, Nanda HS, Zhu Y, Najafabadi AH, Jucaud V, Barros N, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. Engineered Vasculature for Cancer Research and Regenerative Medicine. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:978. [PMID: 37241602 PMCID: PMC10221678 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Engineered human tissues created by three-dimensional cell culture of human cells in a hydrogel are becoming emerging model systems for cancer drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Complex functional engineered tissues can also assist in the regeneration, repair, or replacement of human tissues. However, one of the main hurdles for tissue engineering, three-dimensional cell culture, and regenerative medicine is the capability of delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells through the vasculatures. Several studies have investigated different strategies to create a functional vascular system in engineered tissues and organ-on-a-chips. Engineered vasculatures have been used for the studies of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, as well as drug and cell transports across the endothelium. Moreover, vascular engineering allows the creation of large functional vascular conduits for regenerative medicine purposes. However, there are still many challenges in the creation of vascularized tissue constructs and their biological applications. This review will summarize the latest efforts to create vasculatures and vascularized tissues for cancer research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Tuan Nguyen
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Arne Peirsman
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zuzana Tirpakova
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Florian Vanlauwe
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Rondinelli Herculano
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Christian Umemura
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Can Yilgor
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Remy Bell
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Adrian Hanson
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Shaopei Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, PDPM—Indian Institute of Information Technology Design Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Natan Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
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47
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Penttinen K, Prajapati C, Shah D, Rajan DK, Cherian RM, Swan H, Aalto-Setälä K. HiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte to model Brugada syndrome: both asymptomatic and symptomatic mutation carriers reveal increased arrhythmogenicity. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:208. [PMID: 37098502 PMCID: PMC10131315 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia disorder that is mainly associated with mutations of the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit 5 (SCN5A) gene. The clinical symptoms include ventricular fibrillation and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines were derived from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals carrying the R1913C mutation in the SCN5A gene. The present work aimed to observe the phenotype-specific differences in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) obtained from symptomatic and asymptomatic mutation carriers. In this study, CM electrophysiological properties, beating abilities and calcium parameters were measured. Mutant CMs exhibited higher average sodium current densities than healthy CMs, but the differences were not statistically significant. Action potential durations were significantly shorter in CMs from the symptomatic individual, and a spike-and-dome morphology of action potential was exclusively observed in CMs from the symptomatic individual. More arrhythmias occurred in mutant CMs at single cell and cell aggregate levels compared with those observed in wild-type CMs. Moreover, there were no major differences in ionic currents or intracellular calcium dynamics between the CMs of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals after the administration of adrenaline and flecainide.In conclusion, mutant CMs were more prone to arrhythmia than healthy CMs but did not explain why only one of the mutation carriers was symptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Penttinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Chandra Prajapati
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
| | - Disheet Shah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Dhanesh Kattipparambil Rajan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Reeja Maria Cherian
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Heikki Swan
- Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
- Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33520, Finland
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48
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Yan Z, Zhong L, Zhu W, Chung SK, Hou P. Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases ─ targeting cardiac ion channels. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106765. [PMID: 37075871 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, imposing an increasing global health burden. Cardiac ion channels (voltage-gated NaV, CaV, KVs, and others) synergistically shape the cardiac action potential (AP) and control the heartbeat. Dysfunction of these channels, due to genetic mutations, transcriptional or post-translational modifications, may disturb the AP and lead to arrhythmia, a major risk for CVD patients. Although there are five classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs available, they can have varying levels of efficacies and side effects on patients, possibly due to the complex pathogenesis of arrhythmias. As an alternative treatment option, Chinese herbal remedies have shown promise in regulating cardiac ion channels and providing anti-arrhythmic effects. In this review, we first discuss the role of cardiac ion channels in maintaining normal heart function and the pathogenesis of CVD, then summarize the classification of Chinese herbal compounds, and elaborate detailed mechanisms of their efficacy in regulating cardiac ion channels and in alleviating arrhythmia and CVD. We also address current limitations and opportunities for developing new anti-CVD drugs based on Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wandi Zhu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Innovation Engineering at Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Panpan Hou
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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49
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May A, Ventura T, Fidanza A, Volmer H, Taylor H, Romanò N, D’Souza SL, Bieker JJ, Forrester LM. Modelling the erythroblastic island niche of dyserythropoietic anaemia type IV patients using induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1148013. [PMID: 37113767 PMCID: PMC10126837 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1148013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) type IV has been associated with an amino acid substitution, Glu325Lys (E325K), in the transcription factor KLF1. These patients present with a range of symptoms, including the persistence of nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) in the peripheral blood which reflects the known role for KLF1 within the erythroid cell lineage. The final stages of RBCs maturation and enucleation take place within the erythroblastic island (EBI) niche in close association with EBI macrophages. It is not known whether the detrimental effects of the E325K mutation in KLF1 are restricted to the erythroid lineage or whether deficiencies in macrophages associated with their niche also contribute to the disease pathology. Methods: To address this question, we generated an in vitro model of the human EBI niche using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from one CDA type IV patient as well as two iPSC lines genetically modified to express an KLF1-E325K-ERT2 protein that could be activated with 4OH-tamoxifen. The one patient iPSC line was compared to control lines from two healthy donors and the KLF1-E325K-ERT2 iPSC line to one inducible KLF1-ERT2 line generated from the same parental iPSCS. Results: The CDA patient-derived iPSCs and iPSCs expressing the activated KLF1-E325K-ERT2 protein showed significant deficiencies in the production of erythroid cells with associated disruption of some known KLF1 target genes. Macrophages could be generated from all iPSC lines but when the E325K-ERT2 fusion protein was activated, we noted the generation of a slightly less mature macrophage population marked by CD93. A subtle trend in their reduced ability to support RBC enucleation was also associated with macrophages carrying the E325K-ERT2 transgene. Discussion: Taken together these data support the notion that the clinically significant effects of the KLF1-E325K mutation are primarily associated with deficiencies in the erythroid lineage but it is possible that deficiencies in the niche might have the potential to exacerbate the condition. The strategy we describe provides a powerful approach to assess the effects of other mutations in KLF1 as well as other factors associated with the EBI niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha May
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Volmer
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Discovery Brain Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sunita L. D’Souza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - James J. Bieker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lesley M. Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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50
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Liu Z, Lami B, Ikonomou L, Gu M. Unlocking the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells for neonatal disease modeling and drug development. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151729. [PMID: 37012138 PMCID: PMC10133195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal lung and heart diseases, albeit rare, can result in poor quality of life, often require long-term management and/or organ transplantation. For example, Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the most common type of congenital disabilities, affecting nearly 1% of the newborns, and has complex and multifactorial causes, including genetic predisposition and environmental influences. To develop new strategies for heart and lung regeneration in CHD and neonatal lung disease, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide a unique and personalized platform for future cell replacement therapy and high-throughput drug screening. Additionally, given the differentiation potential of iPSCs, cardiac cell types such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts and lung cell types such Type II alveolar epithelial cells can be derived in a dish to study the fundamental pathology during disease progression. In this review, we discuss the applications of hiPSCs in understanding the molecular mechanisms and cellular phenotypes of CHD (e.g., structural heart defect, congenital valve disease, and congenital channelopathies) and congenital lung diseases, such as surfactant deficiencies and Brain-Lung-Thyroid syndrome. We also provide future directions for generating mature cell types from iPSCs, and more complex hiPSC-based systems using three-dimensional (3D) organoids and tissue-engineering. With these potential advancements, the promise that hiPSCs will deliver new CHD and neonatal lung disease treatments may soon be fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Bonny Lami
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Laertis Ikonomou
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States; Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.
| | - Mingxia Gu
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, CuSTOM, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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