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Álvarez R, Izquierdo M, Serrano H, García-Ordiales E, García C, Alberquilla F, Barrio F, De Miguel E, Charlesworth S, Ordóñez A. Comparison of sediment bioavailable methods to assess the potential risk of metal(loid)s for river ecosystems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116614. [PMID: 38901168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A heavily impacted river basin (Caudal River, NW Spain) by Hg and Cu mining activities, abandoned decades ago, was used to evaluate the environmental quality of their river sediments. The obtained results compared with reference values established by the US EPA and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment for river sediments, have shown that the main elements of environmental concern are arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and, to a lesser extent, copper (Cu), which reach concentrations up to 1080, 80 and 54 mg kg-1, respectively. To understand the role that river sediments play in terms of risk to ecosystem health, a comparison has been made between the total content of metal(oid)s in the sediments and the bioavailable contents of the same elements in pore water, passive DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin films) samplers and the sediment extractant using acetic acid. A good correlation between the As and Cu contents in the DGTs and the pore water was found, resulting in a transfer from the pore water to the DGT of at least 47 % of the Cu and more than 75 % of the As when the concentrations were low, with a deployment time of 4 days. When As and Cu concentrations were higher, their transfer was not so high (above 23.6 % for As and 19.3 % for Cu). The transfer of Hg from the pore water to the DGT was practically nil and does not seem to depend on the content of this metal. The fraction extracted with acetic acid, conventionally accepted as bioavailable, was clearly lower than that captured by DGTs for As and Cu (≤5 % and ≤8.5 % of the total amount, respectively), while it was similar for Hg (0.2 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Álvarez
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Izquierdo
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - H Serrano
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - E García-Ordiales
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - C García
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Alberquilla
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Barrio
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - E De Miguel
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - S Charlesworth
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, UK
| | - A Ordóñez
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain.
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2
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Bouzahouane H, Kouki R, Amri S, Barour C, Sleimi N, Ouali K. Investigating seasonal metal impact on Stramonita haemastoma gastropod along the Algerian East Coast: Understanding through various pollution indicators. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:116006. [PMID: 38217910 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of environmental pollution on the gastropod Stramonita haemastoma by examining various physiological and biochemical parameters. Trace metal elements (TME) were measured in the snail's foot. Over a one-year period from 2013 to 2014, the study investigated the variations in reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, metallothionein, glutathione S-transferase, acetylcholinesterase and catalase activities in the foot of the gastropod at three different sites. The results showed spatiotemporal fluctuations in biomarkers, physiological parameters and TME. This integrative approach, being the first of its kind in the region using S. haemastoma as a model organism, represents a means of environmental assessment accessible to all countries allowing the monitoring and conservation of coastal marine environments on a national and international scale and which could be used in marine biomonitoring programs to indicate the impact of pollution and assess the quality of the Algerian coastal marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Bouzahouane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria; Laboratory of Environmental Biosurveillance, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, El Hadjar, Annaba 23000, Algeria.
| | - Rim Kouki
- RME-Laboratory of Resources, Materials, and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Sandra Amri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life and Earth Sciences and the Universe, University 08 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Choukri Barour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria; Laboratory of Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk Ahras 41000, Algeria
| | - Noomene Sleimi
- RME-Laboratory of Resources, Materials, and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Kheireddine Ouali
- Laboratory of Environmental Biosurveillance, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, El Hadjar, Annaba 23000, Algeria
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3
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Price GAV, Stauber JL, Jolley DF, Koppel DJ, Van Genderen EJ, Ryan AC, Holland A. Natural organic matter source, concentration, and pH influences the toxicity of zinc to a freshwater microalga. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120797. [PMID: 36496066 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a contaminant of concern in aquatic environments and is a known toxicant to many aquatic organisms. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a toxicity modifying factor for zinc and is an important water chemistry parameter. This study investigated the influence of DOM concentration, source, and water pH on the chronic toxicity of zinc to a freshwater microalga, Chlorella sp. The influence of DOM on zinc toxicity was dependent on both concentration and source. In the absence of DOM, the 72-h EC50 was 112 μg Zn.L-1. In the presence of a DOM high in fulvic-like components, zinc toxicity was either slightly decreased (<4-fold increase in EC10s across 15 mg C.L-1 range) or unchanged (minimal difference in EC50s). In the presence of a DOM high in humic-like (aromatic and high molecular weight) components, zinc toxicity was slightly decreased at the EC10 level and strongly increased at the EC50 level. The influence of pH on zinc toxicity was dependent on the source of DOM present in the water. In the presence of DOM high in humic-like components pH did not influence toxicity. In the presence of DOM high in fulvic-like components, pH had a significant effect on EC50 values. Labile zinc (measured by diffusive gradients in thin-films) followed linear relationships with dissolved zinc but could not explain the changes in observed toxicity, with similar DGT-labile zinc relationships shown for the two DOMs despite each DOM influencing toxicity differently. This indicates changes in toxicity may be unrelated to changes in zinc lability. The results suggest that increased toxicity of zinc in the presence of DOM may be due to direct uptake of Zn-DOM complexes. This study highlights the importance of considering DOM source and characteristics when incorporating DOM into water quality guidelines through bioavailability models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwilym A V Price
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia; CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jenny L Stauber
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia; La Trobe University, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, Department of Environment and Genetics, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic, Australia
| | | | - Darren J Koppel
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Adam C Ryan
- International Zinc Association, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aleicia Holland
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia; La Trobe University, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, Department of Environment and Genetics, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic, Australia
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4
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Chang SH, Huang XG, Jia LP, Chen XH, Fang LC, Wang ZH, Li SX, Liu FJ. Responses of nickel bioavailability and toxicity of Prorocentrum Donghaienses to dissolved organic matter (DOM) fractions incubated in urea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:114017. [PMID: 36027715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Urea, nickel (Ni) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from land varied with different sources have a great impact on the offshore ecosystem. The heterogeneity of Ni bioavailability and toxicity of Prorocentrum donghaiense influenced by DOM fractions incubated in urea was investigated in this study. On the occasion, chlorophyll (Chl a) concentration, growth rate, and photosynthesis parameters were monitored to track changes occurring in the test organism. Chl a concentration and photosynthesis parameters in the treatment of hydrophilic DOM (HPI) with Ni-free was significantly higher than that in the control treatment, and similar data were shown in the treatment of hydrophobic DOM(HPO)with the low Ni environment (0.17μmol L-1). However, the opposite phenomena were observed in the treatments of HPO with the higher Ni environment (over 170μmol L-1). Moreover, the EC50 of Ni for P.donghaiense incubated in HPO was relatively lower than that in HPI and control treatment, which implied that HPO elevated the toxicity of Ni. Therefore, the varied DOM compositions because of different origins, as a chelating agent and potential nutrient source in coastal waters, shows the significantly different bioavailability and toxicity of Ni with the increasing inputs of urea, which in turn influences the dynamics of phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Huai Chang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China
| | - Xu-Guang Huang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China.
| | - Li-Ping Jia
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Xiao-Huang Chen
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Ling-Chuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Wang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Shun-Xing Li
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Liu
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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5
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Li B, Zhang X, Tefsen B, Wells M. From speciation to toxicity: Using a "Two-in-One" whole-cell bioreporter approach to assess harmful effects of Cd and Pb. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 217:118384. [PMID: 35427828 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the sheer number of contaminated sites, bioavailability-based measurement and modeling of toxicity is used to triage response; despite advances, both remain relatively cumbersome. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are two of the most toxic and globally prevalent pollutants, disproportionately impacting disadvantaged communities. Here we demonstrate the use of high throughput lights-on bioreporter technology to measure both speciation and toxicity. The organism's response is fit-for-purpose to parameterize the Biotic Ligand Model used in risk assessment of aquatic ecotoxicity and setting environmental Water Quality Criteria. Toxicity endpoints for analogous Cd and Pb models reported in literature average 71st and 44th rank-percentile sensitivity of Genus Mean Acute Values for acute toxicity (i.e., insensitive) in comparison to the bioreporter, the unique dual-mode measurement ability of which can predict toxicity endpoints from below the 5th percentile up to the 50th rank-percentile. These results are extensible to other reporters, paving the way to cost-efficient environmental risk assessment of aquatic ecotoxicity for a wide range of priority toxic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boling Li
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK; Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Boris Tefsen
- Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, NJ 07043, United States.
| | - Mona Wells
- Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, NJ 07043, United States.
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6
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McDonald S, Holland A, Simpson SL, Gadd JB, Bennett WW, Walker GW, Keough MJ, Cresswel T, Hassell KL. Metal forms and dynamics in urban stormwater runoff: New insights from diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) measurements. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117967. [PMID: 34936976 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater runoff typically contains significant quantities of metal contaminants that enter urban waterways over short durations and represent a potential risk to water quality. The origin of metals within the catchment and processes that occur over the storm can control the partitioning of metals between a range of different forms. Understanding the fraction of metals present in a form that is potentially bioavailable to aquatic organisms is useful for environmental risk assessment. To help provide this information, the forms and dynamics of metal contaminants in an urban system were assessed across a storm. Temporal patterns in the concentration of metals in dissolved and particulate (total suspended solids; TSS) forms were assessed from water samples, and diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGTs) were deployed to measure the DGT-labile time-integrated metal concentration. Results indicate that the concentrations of dissolved and TSS-associated metals increased during the storm, with the metals Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn representing the greatest concern relative to water quality guideline values (GVs). The portion of labile metal as measured by DGT devices indicated that during the storm a substantial fraction (∼98%) of metals were complexed and pose a lower risk of acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. Comparison of DGT results to GVs indicate that current GVs are likely quite conservative when assessing stormwater pollution risks with regards to metal contaminants. This study provides valuable insight into the forms and dynamics of metals in an urban system receiving stormwater inputs and assists with the development of improved approaches for the assessment of short-term, intermittent discharge events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McDonald
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Aleicia Holland
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Albury-Wodonga Campus, Albury-Wodonga, Victoria 3690, Australia
| | - Stuart L Simpson
- CSIRO Land and Water, Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, Locked Bag 2007 Kirrawee, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Jennifer B Gadd
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Private Bag 99940, Viaduct Harbour, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - William W Bennett
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Glen W Walker
- Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael J Keough
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tom Cresswel
- ANSTO, Locked Bag 2001 Kirrawee, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Kathryn L Hassell
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Aquatic Environmental Stress Research Group (AQUEST), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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7
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Rocha GS, Parrish CC, Espíndola EL. Effects of copper on photosynthetic and physiological parameters of a freshwater microalga (Chlorophyceae). ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pađan J, Marcinek S, Cindrić AM, Santinelli C, Retelletti Brogi S, Radakovitch O, Garnier C, Omanović D. Organic Copper Speciation by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry in Estuarine Waters With High Dissolved Organic Matter. Front Chem 2021; 8:628749. [PMID: 33634075 PMCID: PMC7901884 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.628749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of copper (Cu) speciation and its bioavailability in natural waters is an important issue due to its specific role as an essential micronutrient but also a toxic element at elevated concentrations. Here, we report an improved anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) method for organic Cu speciation, intended to eliminate the important problem of surface-active substances (SAS) interference on the voltammetric signal, hindering measurements in samples with high organic matter concentration. The method relies on the addition of nonionic surfactant Triton-X-100 (T-X-100) at a concentration of 1 mg L-1. T-X-100 competitively inhibits the adsorption of SAS on the Hg electrode, consequently 1) diminishing SAS influence during the deposition step and 2) strongly improving the shape of the stripping Cu peak by eliminating the high background current due to the adsorbed SAS, making the extraction of Cu peak intensities much more convenient. Performed tests revealed that the addition of T-X-100, in the concentration used here, does not have any influence on the determination of Cu complexation parameters and thus is considered "interference-free." The method was tested using fulvic acid as a model of natural organic matter and applied for the determination of Cu speciation in samples collected in the Arno River estuary (Italy) (in spring and summer), characterized by a high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (up to 5.2 mgC L-1) and anthropogenic Cu input during the tourist season (up to 48 nM of total dissolved Cu). In all the samples, two classes of ligands (denoted as L1 and L2) were determined in concentrations ranging from 3.5 ± 2.9 to 63 ± 4 nM eq Cu for L1 and 17 ± 4 to 104 ± 7 nM eq Cu for L2, with stability constants logK Cu,1 = 9.6 ± 0.2-10.8 ± 0.6 and logK Cu,2 = 8.2 ± 0.3-9.0 ± 0.3. Different linear relationships between DOC and total ligand concentrations between the two seasons suggest a higher abundance of organic ligands in the DOM pool in spring, which is linked to a higher input of terrestrial humic substances into the estuary. This implies that terrestrial humic substances represent a significant pool of Cu-binding ligands in the Arno River estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Pađan
- Rud-er Bošković Institute, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Saša Marcinek
- Rud-er Bošković Institute, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Cindrić
- Rud-er Bošković Institute, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Olivier Radakovitch
- CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, Saint-Paul-Les-Durance, France
| | - Cédric Garnier
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanology, ECEM, Toulon University, La Garde, France
| | - Dario Omanović
- Rud-er Bošković Institute, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
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9
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Ibrahim M, Oldham D, Minghetti M. Role of metal speciation in the exposure medium on the toxicity, bioavailability and bio-reactivity of copper, silver, cadmium and zinc in the rainbow trout gut cell line (RTgutGC). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 236:108816. [PMID: 32502601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of metal speciation on metal bioavailability, bio-reactivity and toxicity at the fish intestine is poorly understood. To investigate these processes, we used an in vitro model of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine, the RTgutGC cell line. Cells were exposed to two essential metals (copper and zinc) and two non-essential metals (cadmium and silver) in a medium of well-defined composition, which allowed the determination of metal speciation in solution. Concentrations resulting in a 50% cell viability reduction (EC50) were measured using a viability assay based on two endpoints: metabolic activity and membrane integrity. Metal bioavailability and bio-reactivity was studied at non-toxic (300 nM all metals) and toxic (EC10; Ag-0.6, Cu-0.9, Cd-3, and Zn-9 μM) concentrations. Bioavailability (i.e. intracellular metal accumulation) was determined by ICP-MS, while bio-reactivity (i.e. induction of a metal specific transcriptional response) was determined by measuring the mRNA levels of a known biomarker of metal exposure (i.e. metallothionein) and of copper and zinc transporters (i.e. ATP7A and ZnT1). Dominant metal species in the exposure medium were Zn2+, CuHPO4, CdCl+, and AgCl2- respectively for Zn, Cu, Cd, and Ag. The EC50s showed the metal toxicity hierarchy: Ag > Cu > Cd > Zn. In RTgutGC cells, essential metal homeostasis was tightly regulated while non-essential metals accumulated more readily. Non-essential metals were also more bio-reactive inducing higher MT and ZnT1 mRNA levels. Taken together these findings indicate that metal toxicity in RTgutGC cannot solely be explained by extracellular metal speciation but requires the evaluation of metal bioavailability and bio-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ibrahim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dean Oldham
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Matteo Minghetti
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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10
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Dayras P, Bialais C, Ouddane B, Lee JS, Souissi S. Effects of different routes of exposure to metals on bioaccumulation and population growth of the cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:125926. [PMID: 32006827 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined effects of the three metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) on two subpopulations of the cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana. We sought to investigate the effects of metal exposure on population growth and structure of P. nana and to understand the parameters affecting the metal bioaccumulation in copepods. A first experiment tested the hypothesis of competition between these metals in a mixture using a P. nana mass culture in 10 L beakers with the sublethal concentrations (1/3 of LC50) as determined for E. affinis. A second experiment pursued the same with a P. nana population which was adapted to a higher Cu concentration for several generations (226.9 ± 15.9 μg g-1 dw Cu in copepods) and using the proper sublethal concentrations for P. nana. After 96 h of exposure, results from the first experiment showed a decreasing population growth and instead of an increasing metal accumulation in copepods. Cd also appeared to be more accumulated when it was alone, confirming the hypothesis of metal competition in mixture. Results from the second experiment revealed less marked effects. When metal concentrations increased in the treatment it decreased in copepods, indicating depuration activity in the population already adapted to metal exposure. This paper is the first one investigating the parameters affecting the bioaccumulation capacity of P. nana in response to metals. It offers a better understanding of copepod responses to metal contamination in a complex aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dayras
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
| | - Capucine Bialais
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université de Lille, UMR CNRS 8516, Laboratoire LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Sami Souissi
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
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11
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Garman ER, Meyer JS, Bergeron CM, Blewett TA, Clements WH, Elias MC, Farley KJ, Gissi F, Ryan AC. Validation of Bioavailability-Based Toxicity Models for Metals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:101-117. [PMID: 31880834 PMCID: PMC8218924 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory jurisdictions worldwide are increasingly incorporating bioavailability-based toxicity models into development of protective values (PVALs) for freshwater and saltwater aquatic life (e.g., water quality criteria, standards, and/or guidelines) for metals. Use of such models for regulatory purposes should be contingent on their ability to meet performance criteria as specified through a model-validation process. Model validation generally involves an assessment of a model's appropriateness, relevance, and accuracy. We review existing guidance for validation of bioavailability-based toxicity models, recommend questions that should be addressed in model-validation studies, discuss model study type and design considerations, present several new ways to evaluate model performance in validation studies, and suggest a framework for use of model validation in PVAL development. We conclude that model validation should be rigorous but flexible enough to fit the user's purpose. Although a model can never be fully validated to a level of zero uncertainty, it can be sufficiently validated to fit a specific purpose. Therefore, support (or lack of support) for a model should be presented in such a way that users can choose their own level of acceptability. We recommend that models be validated using experimental designs and endpoints consistent with the data sets that were used to parameterize and calibrate the model and validated across a broad range of geographically and ecologically relevant water types. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;39:101-117. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph S. Meyer
- Applied Limnology Professionals, Golden, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Tamzin A. Blewett
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - William H. Clements
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael C. Elias
- Office of Water, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin J. Farley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Francesca Gissi
- Environment Protection Science, Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, New South Wales Government, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Mishra AK, Santos R, Hall-Spencer JM. Elevated trace elements in sediments and seagrasses at CO 2 seeps. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 153:104810. [PMID: 31733909 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses often occur around shallow marine CO2 seeps, allowing assessment of trace metal accumulation. Here, we measured Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn levels at six CO2 seeps and six reference sites in the Mediterranean. Some seep sediments had elevated metal concentrations; an extreme example was Cd which was 43x more concentrated at a seep site than its corresponding reference site. Three seeps had metal levels that were predicted to adversely affect marine biota, namely Vulcano (for Hg), Ischia (for Cu) and Paleochori (for Cd and Ni). There were higher-than-sediment levels of Zn and Ni in Posidonia oceanica and of Zn in Cymodocea nodosa, particularly in roots. High levels of Cu were found in Ischia seep sediments, yet seagrass was abundant there, and the plants contained low levels of Cu. Differences in bioavailability and toxicity of trace elements helps explain why seagrasses can be abundant at some CO2 seeps but not at others.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL48A, UK.
| | - R Santos
- Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - J M Hall-Spencer
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL48A, UK; Shimoda Marine Research Centre, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, 415-0025, Japan
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13
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Synergistic Effects of Climate Change and Marine Pollution: An Overlooked Interaction in Coastal and Estuarine Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152737. [PMID: 31370308 PMCID: PMC6696450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Coastal areas have been increasingly affected by human activities, marine pollution and climate change are among the most important pressures affecting these environments. Human-induced pressures occur in a cumulative way and generate additive, antagonistic or synergistic effects. Knowledge on synergistic effects is crucial to coastal zone management, since they may imply a change in human uses of these systems, as well as dedicated action plans in order to reduce hazards and environmental risks. In this work, we provide an overview of the available literature on synergistic effects between climate change and chemical pollution, and discuss current knowledge, methodological approaches, and research gaps and needs. Interactions between these two pressures may be climate change dominant (climate change leads to an increase in contaminant exposure or toxicity) or contaminant-dominant (chemical exposure leads to an increase in climate change susceptibility), but the mechanistic drivers of such processes are not well known. Results from a few meta-analyses studies and reviews showed that synergistic interactions tend to be more frequent compared to additive and antagonistic ones. However, most of the studies are individual-based and assess the cumulative effects of a few contaminants individually in laboratory settings together with few climate variables, particularly temperature and pH. Nevertheless, a wide diversity of contaminants have already been individually tested, spanning from metals, persistent organic pollutants and, more recently, emergent pollutants. Population and community based approaches are less frequent but have generated very interesting and more holistic perspectives. Methodological approaches are quite diverse, from laboratory studies to mesocosm and field studies, or based on statistical or modelling tools, each with their own potential and limitations. More holistic comparisons integrating several pressures and their combinations and a multitude of habitats, taxa, life-stages, among others, are needed, as well as insights from meta-analyses and systematic reviews.
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14
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Kochoni E, Fortin C. Iron Modulation of Copper Uptake and Toxicity in a Green Alga ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:6539-6545. [PMID: 31082264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the role of essential trace elements on the toxicity of another element. In this work, we examined if low concentrations of essential elements (Co, Mn, Zn, and Fe) modified the response of a freshwater green alga ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) to copper. To do so, we followed cell growth over 72 h in exposure media where the essential element concentrations were manipulated. Among these elements, iron proved to have a strong impact on the cells' response to copper. The free Cu2+ concentrations required to inhibit cellular growth by 50% (EC50) over 72 h decreased from 2 nM in regular Fe medium (10-17.6 M Fe3+) to 4 pM in low iron medium (10-19.0 M Fe3+); a 500-fold increase in toxicity. Moreover, at low Cu2+ concentrations (10-13.0 to 10-10.5 M), Cu uptake increased under low iron conditions but remain relatively stable under regular iron conditions. These results show clearly that iron plays a protective role against copper uptake and toxicity to C. reinhardtii. In freshwaters, iron is always abundant but the expected free iron concentrations in surface waters can vary between 10-14.0 to 10-20.0 M, depending on pH (e.g., when pH increases from 6 to 8). We conclude that copper toxicity in natural waters can be modulated by iron and that, in some conditions, the Biotic Ligand Model may need to be further developed to account for the influence of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeric Kochoni
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , Centre Eau Terre Environnement , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , QC G1K 9A9 , Canada
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , Centre Eau Terre Environnement , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , QC G1K 9A9 , Canada
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15
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Macoustra G, Holland A, Stauber J, Jolley DF. Effect of Various Natural Dissolved Organic Carbon on Copper Lability and Toxicity to the Tropical Freshwater Microalga Chlorella sp. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:2768-2777. [PMID: 30695643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study adds further critical information to the limited body of knowledge on the ameliorative ability of Australian dissolved organic carbon (DOC), reinforcing the importance of DOC source and concentration as significant factors controlling the risk copper poses to organisms in freshwater systems. The ameliorative ability of five unstudied DOCs on the chronic toxicity of copper to the tropical alga Chlorella sp. was compared. Sensitivity to copper varied dramatically; effect concentrations at the 50 percent effect level (EC50) increased by up to 22-fold in the high DOC treatment compared to controls and more than 2-fold between DOCs at the same concentration. The analytical techniques, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and Chelex column, were used to understand whether differences in copper toxicity could be explained by copper lability. Labile copper mirrored the trends seen in the toxicity tests; lability decreased with increasing DOC concentration and varied between DOCs at the same concentration. The equilibrium model, WHAM VII, was also used to better understand the role of the free copper ion on the toxicity observed. Disagreement between EC50 values derived using the WHAM-predicted free Cu2+ concentrations and agreement between DGT-labile and the maximum dynamic concentration ( cmaxdyn) suggest free copper is not the sole contributor to toxicity and that the source of the specific DOCs also plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Macoustra
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
| | - Aleicia Holland
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
- School of Life Science, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre , La Trobe University , Albury/Wodonga Campus, West Wodonga , Victoria 3690 , Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water , Lucas Heights , New South Wales 2234 , Australia
| | - Jenny Stauber
- CSIRO Land and Water , Lucas Heights , New South Wales 2234 , Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular and Medical Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2252 , Australia
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Comparison of different speciation techniques to measure Zn availability in hydroponic media. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1035:32-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dong Q, Wang F, Xiao Y, Li P, Huang Q. Effects of elevated production of autochthonous dissolved organic matter on the freely dissolved concentration of cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:1254-1261. [PMID: 30090911 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication enhances the production of autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is a major driving factor behind the impairment of many aquatic ecosystems. In a mesocosm study, we investigated the effects of the abundance and composition of DOM on the potential bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) caused by eutrophication, using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy integrated with tangential flow ultrafiltration technology. The complexing capacity of DOM-Cd and the sorption distribution coefficient between DOM and the bulk solution was calculated based on a 1 : 1 complexation model. The fluorescent DOM was decomposed into three components (one protein-like and two humic-like substances) by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The fluorescence intensity of the protein-like substance was significantly correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), indicating that the protein-like substance mainly originated from the release or decomposition of algal cells. The complexing capacity of DOM-Cd decreased from 997 μmol Cd per gram dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to 884 μmol Cd per gram DOC with an increase in the proportion of autochthonous protein-like substances. However, the total Cd-complexing capacity of DOM was still high during the algal bloom due to the increase of DOM abundance. The proportion of freely dissolved concentration of Cd to total Cd concentration decreased from 50% to 20%, suggesting that the potential bioavailability of Cd was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Kanellis VG, Dos Remedios CG. A review of heavy metal cation binding to deoxyribonucleic acids for the creation of chemical sensors. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1401-1414. [PMID: 30229467 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Various human activities lead to the pollution of ground, drinking, and wastewater with toxic metals. It is well known that metal ions preferentially bind to DNA phosphate backbones or DNA nucleobases, or both. Foreman et al. (Environ Toxicol Chem 30(8):1810-1818, 2011) reported the use of a DNA-dye based assay suitable for use as a toxicity test for potable environmental water. They compared the results of this test with the responses of live-organism bioassays. The DNA-based demonstrated that the loss of SYBR Green I fluorescence dye bound to calf thymus DNA was proportional to the toxicity of the water sample. However, this report raised questions about the mechanism that formed the basis of this quasi-quantitatively test. In this review, we identify the unique and preferred DNA-binding sites of individual metals. We show how highly sensitive and selective DNA-based sensors can be designed that contain multiple binding sites for 21 heavy metal cations that bind to DNA and change its structure, consistent with the release of the DNA-bound dye.
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19
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Combined Effects of Trace Metals and Light on Photosynthetic Microorganisms in Aquatic Environment. ENVIRONMENTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/environments5070081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present review, we critically examine the state-of-the-art of the research on combined effects of trace metals and light on photosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic environment. Light of different intensity and spectral composition affects the interactions between trace metals and photosynthetic microorganisms directly, by affecting vital cellular functions and metal toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, and indirectly, by changing ambient medium characteristics. Light radiation and in particular, the ultraviolet radiation component (UVR) alters the structure and reactivity of dissolved organic matter in natural water, which in most of the cases decreases its metal binding capacity and enhances metal bioavailability. The increase of cellular metal concentrations is generally associated with increasing light intensity, however further studies are necessary to better understand the underlying mechanisms. Studies on the combined exposures of photosynthetic microorganisms to metals and UVR reveal antagonistic, additive or synergistic interactions depending on light intensity, spectral composition or light pre-exposure history. Among the light spectrum components, most of the research was performed with UVR, while the knowledge on the role of high-intensity visible light and environmentally relevant solar light radiation is still limited. The extent of combined effects also depends on the exposure sequence and duration, as well as the species-specific sensitivity of the tested microorganisms and the activation of stress defense responses.
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Sequential injection system with in-line solid phase extraction and soil mini-column for determination of zinc and copper in soil leachates. Talanta 2018; 185:316-323. [PMID: 29759206 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A sequential injection (SI) system equipped with in-line solid phase extraction column and in-line soil mini-column is proposed for determination of zinc and copper in soil leachates. The spectrophotometric determination (560 nm) is based on the reaction of both analytes with 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN). Zinc is determined after retaining copper on a cationic resin (Chelex100) whereas copper is determined from the difference of the absorbance measured for both analytes, introduced into the system with the use of a different channel, and zinc absorbance. The influence of several potential interferences was studied. Using the developed method, zinc and copper were determined within the concentration ranges of 0.005-0.300 and 0.011-0.200 mg L-1, and with a relative standard deviation lower than 6.0% and 5.1%, respectively. The detection limits are 1.4 and 3.0 µg/L for determination of zinc and copper, respectively. The developed SI method was verified by the determination of both analytes in synthetic and certified reference materials of water samples, and applied to the determination of the analytes in rain water and soil leachates from laboratory scale soil core column and in-line soil mini-column.
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21
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Dai Y, Nasir M, Zhang Y, Gao J, Lv Y, Lv J. Comparison of DGT with traditional extraction methods for assessing arsenic bioavailability to Brassica chinensis in different soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:183-189. [PMID: 29032263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several predictive models and methods have been used for heavy metals bioavailability, but there is no universally accepted approach in evaluating the bioavailability of arsenic (As) in soil. The technique of diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is a promising tool, but there is a considerable debate with respect to its suitability. The DGT method was compared with other traditional chemical extractions techniques (soil solution, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, HCl, and total As method) for estimating As bioavailability in soil based on a greenhouse experiment using Brassica chinensis grown in various soils from 15 provinces in China. In addition, we assessed whether these methods are independent of soil properties. The correlations between plant and soil As concentration measured with traditional extraction techniques were pH and iron oxide (Feox) dependent, indicating that these methods are influenced by soil properties. In contrast, DGT measurements were independent of soil properties and also showed a better correlation coefficient than other traditional techniques. Thus, DGT technique is superior to traditional techniques and should be preferable for evaluating As bioavailability in different type of soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Dai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Mubasher Nasir
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiakai Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Yamin Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jialong Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, China.
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22
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Dai Y, Nasir M, Zhang Y, Wu H, Guo H, Lv J. Comparison of DGT with traditional methods for assessing cadmium bioavailability to Brassica chinensis in different soils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14206. [PMID: 29079727 PMCID: PMC5660233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no universally accepted method for evaluating cadmium (Cd) bioavailability in soil. The diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique is a promising tool, but there is considerable debate about its suitability. The ability of this technique to estimate Cd bioavailability in soils was compared with the abilities of other traditional chemical extraction techniques (soil solution, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), acetic acid (HAc), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and pseudo-total Cd methods) based on a greenhouse experiment using pakchoi (Brassica chinensis) grown in 15 soils from different provinces of China. In addition, we assessed whether these methods were independent of the soil properties. Correlations between the plant and soil Cd concentrations measured with the traditional extraction techniques were dependent on the pH and organic carbon (OC) content, indicating that these methods are influenced by the soil properties. In contrast, the DGT measurements were independent of the soil properties and showed a higher correlation coefficient compared to that of the traditional techniques. Hence, the DGT technique is better and should be preferable for assessing Cd biological effectiveness in different soil types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Dai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mubasher Nasir
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Haiming Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Honghong Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jialong Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Odzak N, Kistler D, Sigg L. Influence of daylight on the fate of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles in natural aquatic environments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:1-11. [PMID: 28395184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles, such as silver (Ag-NP) and zinc oxide (ZnO-NP), are increasingly used in many consumer products. These nanoparticles (NPs) will likely be exposed to the aquatic environment (rain, river, lake water) and to light (visible and UV) in the products where they are applied, or after those products are discharged. Dissolution of Ag-NP and ZnO-NP is an important process because the dissolved Ag+ and Zn2+ are readily available and toxic for aquatic organisms. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of daylight (UV and visible) for the fate of engineered Ag-NP and ZnO-NPs in different types of natural waters. Ag-NP and ZnO-NP were exposed to rainwater, river Rhine, and lake waters (Greifen, Lucerne, Cristallina, Gruère) under different light conditions (no light, UV 300-400 nm and visible light 400-700 nm) for up to 8 days. Stronger agglomeration of Ag-NP was observed in the waters with higher ionic strength in comparison to those with lower ionic strength. Visible light tended to increase the dissolution of Ag-NP under most natural water conditions in comparison to dark conditions, whereas UV-light led to decreased dissolved Ag+ after longer exposure time. These effects illustrate the dynamic interactions of Ag-NP with light, which may lead both to increased oxidation and to increased reduction of Ag+ by organic compounds under UV-light. In the case of ZnO-NP, agglomeration occurred at higher ionic strength, but the effects of pH were predominant for dissolution, which occurred up to concentrations close to the solubility limit of ZnO(s) at pH around 8.2 and to nearly complete dissolution of ZnO-NP at lower pH (pH 4.8-6.5), with both visible and UV-light facilitating dissolution. This study thus shows that light conditions play an important role in the dissolution processes of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niksa Odzak
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH- 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - David Kistler
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH- 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Laura Sigg
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH- 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Yekta SS, Skyllberg U, Danielsson Å, Björn A, Svensson BH. Chemical speciation of sulfur and metals in biogas reactors - Implications for cobalt and nickel bio-uptake processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:110-116. [PMID: 26777110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article deals with the interrelationship between overall chemical speciation of S, Fe, Co, and Ni in relation to metals bio-uptake processes in continuous stirred tank biogas reactors (CSTBR). To address this topic, laboratory CSTBRs digesting sulfur(S)-rich stillage, as well as full-scale CSTBRs treating sewage sludge and various combinations of organic wastes, termed co-digestion, were targeted. Sulfur speciation was evaluated using acid volatile sulfide extraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Metal speciation was evaluated by chemical fractionation, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses. Relative Fe to S content is identified as a critical factor for chemical speciation and bio-uptake of metals. In reactors treating sewage sludge, quantity of Fe exceeds that of S, inducing Fe-dominated conditions, while sulfide dominates in laboratory and co-digestion reactors due to an excess of S over Fe. Under sulfide-dominated conditions, metals availability for microorganisms is restricted due to formation of metal-sulfide precipitates. However, aqueous concentrations of different Co and Ni species were shown to be sufficient to support metal acquisition by microorganisms under sulfidic conditions. Concentrations of free metal ions and labile metal complexes in aqueous phase, which directly participate in bio-uptake processes, are higher under Fe-dominated conditions. This in turn enhances metal adsorption on cell surfaces and bio-uptake rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Åsa Danielsson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Annika Björn
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Perez M, Simpson SL, Lespes G, King JJ, Adams MS, Jarolimek CV, Grassl B, Schaumlöffel D. Diffusive Milli-Gels (DMG) for in situ assessment of metal bioavailability: A comparison with labile metal measurement using Chelex columns and acute toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia for copper in freshwaters. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:7-13. [PMID: 27568367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuations in concentrations of bioavailable metals occur in most natural waters. In situ measurements are desirable to predict risks of adverse effects to aquatic organisms. We evaluated Diffusive Milli-Gels (DMG), a new in situ passive sampler, for assessing the bioavailability and toxicity of copper in waters exhibiting a wide range of characteristics. The performance was compared to an established Chelex-column method that measures labile copper concentrations by discrete sampling, and the ability to predict acute toxicity to the cladoceran, Ceriodaphnia dubia. The labile copper concentrations measured by the DMG and Chelex-column methods decreased with increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (1.9-15 mg L-1) and hardness (21-270 mg CaCO3 L-1 hardness), with 20-70% of total dissolved copper being present as labile copper. Toxicity decreased with increasing DOC and hardness. Strong linear relationships existed between the EC50 for C. dubia and DOC, and when the EC50 was related to either the labile copper concentrations measured by DMG (r2 = 0.874) or the Chelex column (0.956) methods. The study demonstrates that the DMG passive sampler is a relevant tool for the in situ assessment of environmental risks posed by metals whose toxicity is strongly influenced by speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Perez
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Stuart L Simpson
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France; Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
| | - Gaëtane Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Josh J King
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Merrin S Adams
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Chad V Jarolimek
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Bruno Grassl
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Dirk Schaumlöffel
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France.
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Lamb DT, Kader M, Ming H, Wang L, Abbasi S, Megharaj M, Naidu R. Predicting plant uptake of cadmium: validated with long-term contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1563-1574. [PMID: 27619689 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium accumulates in plant tissues at low soil loadings and is a concern for human health. Yet at higher levels it is also of concern for ecological receptors. We determined Cd partitioning constants for 41 soils to examine the role of soil properties controlling Cd partitioning and plant uptake. From a series of sorption and dose response studies, transfer functions were developed for predicting Cd uptake in Cucumis sativa L. (cucumber). The parameter log Kf was predicted with soil pHca, logCEC and log OC. Transfer of soil pore-water Cd2+ to shoots was described with a power function (R 2 = 0.73). The dataset was validated with 13 long-term contaminated soils (plus 2 control soils) ranging in Cd concentration from 0.2 to 300 mg kg-1. The series of equations predicting Cdshoot from pore-water Cd2+ were able to predict the measured data in the independent dataset (root mean square error = 2.2). The good relationship indicated that Cd uptake to cucumber shoots could be predicted with Cdpore and Cd2+ without other pore-water parameters such as pH or Ca2+. The approach may be adapted to a range of plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane T Lamb
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Mohammed Kader
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Hui Ming
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Liang Wang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Sedigheh Abbasi
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Advanced Technology Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Ciesielski TM, Pastukhov MV, Leeves SA, Farkas J, Lierhagen S, Poletaeva VI, Jenssen BM. Differential bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in benthic and pelagic food chains in Lake Baikal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15593-15604. [PMID: 27130338 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lake Baikal is located in eastern Siberia in the center of a vast mountain region. Even though the lake is regarded as a unique and pristine ecosystem, there are existing sources of anthropogenic pollution to the lake. In this study, the concentrations of the potentially toxic trace elements As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Se were analyzed in water, plankton, invertebrates, and fish from riverine and pelagic influenced sites in Lake Baikal. Concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb and Se in Lake Baikal water and biota were low, while concentrations of As were similar or slightly higher compared to in other freshwater ecosystems. The bioaccumulation potential of the trace elements in both the pelagic and the benthic ecosystems differed between the Selenga Shallows (riverine influence) and the Listvenichnyĭ Bay (pelagic influence). Despite the one order of magnitude higher water concentrations of Pb in the Selenga Shallows, Pb concentrations were significantly higher in both pelagic and benthic fish from the Listvenichnyĭ Bay. A similar trend was observed for Cd, Hg, and Se. The identified enhanced bioavailability of contaminants in the pelagic influenced Listvenichnyĭ Bay may be attributed to a lower abundance of natural ligands for contaminant complexation. Hg was found to biomagnify in both benthic and pelagic Baikal food chains, while As, Cd, and Pb were biodiluted. At both locations, Hg concentrations were around seven times higher in benthic than in pelagic fish, while pelagic fish had two times higher As concentrations compared to benthic fish. The calculated Se/Hg molar ratios revealed that, even though Lake Baikal is located in a Se-deficient region, Se is still present in excess over Hg and therefore the probability of Hg induced toxicity in the endemic fish species of Lake Baikal is assumed to be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mikhail V Pastukhov
- Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Sara A Leeves
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julia Farkas
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Environmental Technology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Brattørkaia 17c, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Syverin Lierhagen
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vera I Poletaeva
- Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Bjørn M Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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Crawford SE, Liber K. Sediment properties influencing the bioavailability of uranium to Chironomus dilutus larvae in spiked field sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 148:77-85. [PMID: 26802266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The partitioning of metals between dissolved and solid phases directly affects metal bioavailability to benthic invertebrates and is influenced by metal-binding properties of sediment phases. Little research has been done examining the effects of sediment properties on the bioavailability of uranium (U) to freshwater benthic invertebrates. In the present study, 18 field sediments with a wide range of properties (total organic carbon, fine fraction, cation exchange capacity, and iron content) were amended with the same concentrations of U to characterize the effects of these sediment properties on U bioavailability to freshwater midge, Chironomus dilutus. Bioaccumulation of U by C. dilutus larvae varied by over an order of magnitude when exposed to sediments spiked with 50 mg U kg(-1) d.w. (5-69 mg U kg(-1) d.w.) and 500 mg U kg(-1) d.w. (20-452 mg U kg(-1) d.w.), depending on the type of sediment. Variance in U bioaccumulation was best explained by differences in the cation exchange capacity, fine fraction (≤50 μm particle size), and Fe content of U-spiked sediment, with generated regression equations predicting observed bioaccumulation within a factor of two. The presented regression equations offer an easy-to-apply method for accounting for the influence of sediment properties on U bioavailability in freshwater sediment, with fine fraction being the single most practical variable. This research strongly supports that risk assessments and guidelines for U-contaminated sediments should not ignore the influence of sediment properties that can result in substantial differences in the bioaccumulation of U in benthic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Crawford
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
| | - Karsten Liber
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada; Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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29
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Jones AM, Xue Y, Kinsela AS, Wilcken KM, Collins RN. Donnan membrane speciation of Al, Fe, trace metals and REEs in coastal lowland acid sulfate soil-impacted drainage waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 547:104-113. [PMID: 26780135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Donnan dialysis has been applied to forty filtered drainage waters collected from five coastal lowland acid sulfate soil (CLASS) catchments across north-eastern NSW, Australia. Despite having average pH values<3.9, 78 and 58% of Al and total Fe, respectively, were present as neutral or negatively-charged species. Complementary isotope dilution experiments with (55)Fe and (26)Al demonstrated that only soluble (i.e. no colloidal) species were present. Trivalent rare earth elements (REEs) were also mainly present (>70%) as negatively-charged complexes. In contrast, the speciation of the divalent trace metals Co, Mn, Ni and Zn was dominated by positively-charged complexes and was strongly correlated with the alkaline earth metals Ca and Mg. Thermodynamic equilibrium speciation calculations indicated that natural organic matter (NOM) complexes dominated Fe(III) speciation in agreement with that obtained by Donnan dialysis. In the case of Fe(II), however, the free cation was predicted to dominate under thermodynamic equilibrium, whilst our results indicated that Fe(II) was mainly present as neutral or negatively-charged complexes (most likely with sulfate). For all other divalent metals thermodynamic equilibrium speciation calculations agreed well with the Donnan dialysis results. The proportion of Al and REEs predicted to be negatively-charged was also grossly underestimated, relative to the experimental results, highlighting possible inaccuracies in the stability constants developed for these trivalent Me(SO4)2(-) and/or Me-NOM complexes and difficulties in modeling complex environmental samples. These results will help improve metal mobility and toxicity models developed for CLASS-affected environments, and also demonstrate that Australian CLASS environments can discharge REEs at concentrations an order of magnitude greater than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele M Jones
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Youjia Xue
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew S Kinsela
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Klaus M Wilcken
- Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Richard N Collins
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Tonietto AE, Oliveira NL, Lombardi AT, Polpo A. Copper and cadmium complexation by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii exudates. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:2544-2551. [PMID: 27191577 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a potentially toxic cyanobacterium that excretes organic materials which act as ligands for metals. Metal ligands may be characterized for their strength of association, e.g., stability constants, which can be either thermodynamic (K) or conditional (K'). In this research we examined K and K' for Cu and Cd complexes with three molecular weight fractions (>30 kDa; 30-10 kDa; 10-3 kDa) of the cyanobacteria EOM. Complexation capacities of the excreted organic materials (EOM) for metals were determined at several ionic strengths (1.0 × 10(-2), 5.0 × 10(-2), 1.0 × 10(-1), and 5.0 × 10(-1) mol L(-1)) at pH 6.6 ± 0.1, with ligands for which no data for their acidity constants are available; these constants are thus conditional for this specific pH. Bayesian statistics showed that with a probability of 95-100% the EOM have two different ligands for Cu but only one for Cd, that ligands for Cu were stronger than for Cd (94-100% probability), and that the smallest EOM fraction had the highest strength of association for Cu (logKCuL 13.5). The lowest affinity was obtained for Cd (logKCdL 8.6) complexed to any molecular weight fraction. The present findings have important ecological implications, since the metal-ligand association is dynamic, and together with a diversity of ligands it can act as an environmental metal buffer. As a result, higher metal loads may be necessary for the detection of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Emanuele Tonietto
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Natalia L Oliveira
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Lombardi
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Adriano Polpo
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil
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Lathouri M, Korre A. Temporal assessment of copper speciation, bioavailability and toxicity in UK freshwaters using chemical equilibrium and biotic ligand models: Implications for compliance with copper environmental quality standards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:385-401. [PMID: 26318223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in understanding how environmental factors modify the speciation, bioavailability and toxicity of metals such as copper in aquatic environments, the current methods used to establish water quality standards do not necessarily consider the different geological and geochemical characteristics of a given site and the factors that affect copper fate, bioavailability potential and toxicity. In addition, the temporal variation in the concentration and bioavailable metal fraction is also important in freshwater systems. The work presented in this paper illustrates the temporal and seasonal variability of a range of water quality parameters, and Cu speciation, bioavailability and toxicity at four freshwaters sites in the UK. Rivers Coquet, Cree, Lower Clyde and Eden (Kent) were selected to cover a broad range of different geochemical environments and site characteristics. The monitoring data used covered a period of around six years at almost monthly intervals. Chemical equilibrium modelling was used to study temporal variations in Cu speciation and was combined with acute toxicity modelling to assess Cu bioavailability for two aquatic species, Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. The estimated copper bioavailability, toxicity levels and the corresponding ecosystem risks were analysed in relation to key water quality parameters (alkalinity, pH and DOC). Although copper concentrations did not vary much during the sampling period or between the seasons at the different sites; copper bioavailability varied markedly. In addition, through the chronic-Cu BLM-based on the voluntary risk assessment approach, the potential environmental risk in terms of the chronic toxicity was assessed. A much higher likelihood of toxicity effects was found during the cold period at all sites. It is suggested that besides the metal (copper) concentration in the surface water environment, the variability and seasonality of other important water quality parameters should be considered in setting appropriately protective environmental quality standards for metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lathouri
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anna Korre
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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32
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Tadini AM, Constantino IC, Nuzzo A, Spaccini R, Piccolo A, Moreira AB, Bisinoti MC. Characterization of typical aquatic humic substances in areas of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil using tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 518-519:201-208. [PMID: 25756675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic humic substances (AHSs) differ from one environment to another depending on land use and occupation. In addition, the effects of planting sugarcane on AHSs are not well known. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize AHSs extracted from a river in a typical region of sugarcane cultivation during dry and rainy seasons. The main characteristics of the AHSs were obtained using Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and off-line pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (off-line tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)-GC-MS-thermochemolysis). The FTIR and NMR results were used to infer that no distinctions occurred between the sampling periods. The samples were composed of aromatic groups that were potentially associated with the presence of residual vegetable materials (lignin). The results of the off-line TMAH-GC-MS-thermochemolysis indicated that the structures of the AHSs had uniform compositions that were rich in fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), polysaccharide derivatives, aliphatic biopolymers derived from plants, long hydrocarbon chains, branched alkyl groups and methylene carbons. Thus, the results showed that the AHSs obtained from the sugarcane cultivation area during the crop period mainly consisted of resistant aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are derivatives of lignin and FAMEs in compounds rich in humic acid. Therefore, we concluded that sugarcane cultivation produces changes in AHSs because greater amounts of lignin derivatives were observed during the dry season, corresponding to sugarcane cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Tadini
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - I C Constantino
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A Nuzzo
- Dipartimento Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, e dell'Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - R Spaccini
- Dipartimento Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, e dell'Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - A Piccolo
- Dipartimento Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, e dell'Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - A B Moreira
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M C Bisinoti
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Multielement stoichiometry of submerged macrophytes across Yunnan plateau lakes (China). Sci Rep 2015; 5:10186. [PMID: 25970822 PMCID: PMC4429540 DOI: 10.1038/srep10186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stoichiometric homeostasis of element composition is one of the central concepts of ecological stoichiometry. We analyzed concentrations of macroelements (C, N, P, Ca, K, Mg, S), microelements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn) and beneficial elements (Na, Se, Si) in submerged macrophytes, water and sediments across 20 Yunnan plateau lakes. We predicted that tissue element composition in submerged macrophytes is affected by lake trophic level and taxonomy, and submerged macrophytes have weak stoichiometric homeostasis for all above 16 elements. Canonical discriminant analyses successfully discriminated among trophic level groups and taxa groups. Of all the elements, C, N, P and S most effectively discriminated among trophic level groups across 20 lakes, revealing lake trophic level mostly affect tissue macroelement composition in submerged macrophytes; while Ca, K and Se most effectively discriminated among submerged macrophytes taxa groups, suggesting taxonomy mostly affect compositions of macroelements and beneficial elements in submerged macrophytes. In addition, the stoichiometric homeostatic coefficient of 1/HCa:C for all five taxa of submerged macrophytes were less than zero, suggesting submerged macrophytes in Yunnan plateau lakes have strong Ca stoichiometric homeostasis. Our findings, not only broaden the knowledge of multielement stoichiometric homeostasis, but also help to choose most appropriate lake management strategy.
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Dong Z, Lewis CG, Burgess RM, Shine JP. The Gellyfish: An in situ equilibrium-based sampler for determining multiple free metal ion concentrations in marine ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:983-992. [PMID: 25598362 PMCID: PMC4731866 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Free metal ions are usually the most bioavailable and toxic metal species to aquatic organisms, but they are difficult to measure because of their extremely low concentrations in the marine environment. Many of the current methods for determining free metal ions are complicated and time-consuming, and they can only measure 1 metal at a time. The authors developed a new version of the "Gellyfish," an in situ equilibrium-based sampler, with significantly reduced equilibration time and the capability of measuring multiple free metal ions simultaneously. By calibrating the Gellyfish to account for its uptake of cationic metal complexes and validating them in multi-metal competition experiments, the authors were able to determine free metal ion concentrations previously collected over 10 mo at 5 locations in Boston Harbor for Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd. This generated 1 of the largest free metal ion datasets and demonstrated the applicability of the Gellyfish as an easy-to-use and inexpensive tool for monitoring free ion concentrations of metal mixtures in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Dong
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, B27 Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
| | - Christopher G. Lewis
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, B27 Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/NHEERL - Atlantic Ecology Division. Narragansett, RI, U.S.A
| | - James P. Shine
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, B27 Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
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Tadini AM, Pantano G, de Toffoli AL, Fontaine B, Spaccini R, Piccolo A, Moreira AB, Bisinoti MC. Off-line TMAH-GC/MS and NMR characterization of humic substances extracted from river sediments of northwestern São Paulo under different soil uses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 506-507:234-240. [PMID: 25460956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) vary according to the physical and chemical factors present in the environment. Thus, the characterization of HS is very important because it improves the understanding of the groups that comprise the chemical structure. Sediment HS were extracted from four locations representative of sugar cane cultivation, pasture, urban area and the impoundment of the Água Vermelha Hydroelectric Power Plant. Characterization using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) allowed us to infer that the HS from an area predominantly characterized by sugar cane cultivation (41.9%) and a typical rural area (35.0%) showed the highest aromaticity percentage. Using the off-line TMAH-thermochemolysis-GC-MS, we inferred that the HS of a typical rural area had a structure rich in plant waxes, plant biopolyester and a large amount of fatty acid methyl ester, which are related to the large amount of humic acid in the structure. The HS samples from the sugar cane cultivation area and the impoundment receiving all of the pollution load from the Turvo/Grande Hydrographic Basin (Bacia Hidrográfica do Turvo/Grande-BHTG) contained contributions from compounds rich in lipids and fatty acid methyl esters, highlighting the presence of the breakdown of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons in the area receiving the entire pollution load. We conclude that the HS extracted from the sediments of the Preto, Turvo and Grande rivers showed well-defined characteristics that varied depending on soil use and occupation, especially the HS extracted from sediments sampled in areas typically planted with sugar cane and rural areas, whose structures contained more aromatic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Maria Tadini
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Glaucia Pantano
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia de Toffoli
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Barbara Fontaine
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare (NMR) per L'ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali, CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare (NMR) per L'ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali, CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare (NMR) per L'ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali, CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Altair Benedito Moreira
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
- Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", R. Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Louis Y, Pernet-Coudrier B, Varrault G. Implications of effluent organic matter and its hydrophilic fraction on zinc(II) complexation in rivers under strong urban pressure: aromaticity as an inaccurate indicator of DOM-metal binding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 490:830-837. [PMID: 24907618 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The zinc binding characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) fractions from the Seine River Basin were studied after being separated and extracted according to their polarity: hydrophobic, transphilic, and hydrophilic. The applied experimental methodology was based on a determination of labile zinc species by means of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) at increasing concentrations of total zinc on a logarithmic scale and at fixed levels of: pH, ionic strength, and temperature. Fitting the DOM fractions with two discrete classes of ligands successfully allowed determining the conditional zinc binding constants (Ki) as well as total ligand density (LiT). The binding constants obtained for each DOM fraction were then compared and discussed with respect to the hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature and sample origin. Results highlighted a strong complexation of zinc to the effluent organic matter and especially the most hydrophilic fraction, which also displayed a very low specific UV absorbance. Although the biotic ligand model takes into account the quality of DOM through UV absorbance in the predictions of metal bioavailability and toxicity, this correction is not efficient for urban waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Louis
- Université Paris-Est, LEESU (UMR MA 102), UPEC, UPEMLV, ENPC, AgroParisTech, 94010 Créteil, France; Laboratoire LGCIE, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Bât. Carnot, 9 rue de la Physique, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Benoît Pernet-Coudrier
- Université Paris-Est, LEESU (UMR MA 102), UPEC, UPEMLV, ENPC, AgroParisTech, 94010 Créteil, France; Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France; Université de Bretagne Occidentale, IUEM, Lemar, UMR CNRS 6539, rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Gilles Varrault
- Université Paris-Est, LEESU (UMR MA 102), UPEC, UPEMLV, ENPC, AgroParisTech, 94010 Créteil, France.
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Nogueira PFM, Nogueira MM, Lombardi AT. Influence of the microbial loop on trophodynamics and toxicity of cadmium complexed by cyanobacterium exudates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:1029-1034. [PMID: 24619145 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00550j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important industrial and toxic metal. Its fate and toxicity in the environment may be mediated by association with dissolved organic materials excreted by phytoplankton. The aim of the present study was to investigate the trophodynamics and toxicity of Cd complexed with Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii exudates in a plankton food chain. The microbial loop involves heterotrophic bacteria as the primary consumer, which is supplemented with a Cd-exudate complex. The secondary consumer (protozoan Paramecium caudatum) was fed on the bacteria, and the tertiary consumer (copepod Mesocyclops longisetus) on the protozoa. The Cd complexing properties of the exudate were determined before the experiments, to ensure that all Cd was furnished to the organisms as the organic complex alone. The results showed that free Cd2+ ions caused the highest observed toxicity to bacteria, while Cd complexed to the cyanobacterial exudate was less toxic, but could be bioavailable and transferred through the food web. This study is a contribution to aquatic ecosystem management and to current knowledge of Cd dynamics, bioavailability and interaction with aquatic planktonic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia F M Nogueira
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Botânica. Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235. Caixa Postal 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, S.P., Brazil.
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Tonietto AE, Lombardi AT, Vieira AAH, Parrish CC, Choueri RB. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) exudates: chemical characterization and complexation capacity for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 49:381-390. [PMID: 24169513 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a cosmopolitan and potentially toxic planktonic Cyanobacteria that produces and exudes copious amounts of dissolved organic materials. This organism dominates the eutrophic reservoir Barra Bonita (Brazil), where it normally blooms throughout the year. This investigation focused on the characterization of such exudates analyzing their capacity to complex copper, zinc, lead and cadmium through the determination of ligand concentration (CL) and conditional stability constant (logK'ML), as well as elemental composition (C, H, N and S), the content of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The dissolved organic material was fractionated into 3 molecular weights (>30 kDa; 30-10 kDa; 10-3 kDa) and each fraction was analyzed. The results showed that in the >30 kDa and 30-10 kDa fractions carbohydrates dominate over proteins and lipids. Different CL and logK'ML were obtained for the different molecular weight fractions of the excreted organic materials, suggesting high diversity of ligands. In the >30 kDa, there were more complexing sites (CL) for Cu, but higher affinity (K') for Zn. In the 30-10 kDa fraction, the higher CL was for Cd, but the greatest affinities were for Cu and Zn. In the 10-3 kDa fraction, higher CL was obtained for Cd and Zn, while Cu and Cd had the highest strengths of association. In the environment, such diversity of ligands and strengths of association can result in a displacement of metals weakly bound to the EOM, and increase metal buffering capacity of the environment, supporting higher metal inputs before toxic effects are detected in the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Emanuele Tonietto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Teresa Lombardi
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armando Augusto Henriques Vieira
- Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luis km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christopher C Parrish
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Federal University of São Paulo, Santos Campus, Avenue D. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, CEP 11060-001 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Ecotoxicology, University Santa Cecília, Via Oswaldo Cruz, 266, CEP 11045-907 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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39
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Panther JG, Bennett WW, Welsh DT, Teasdale PR. Simultaneous Measurement of Trace Metal and Oxyanion Concentrations in Water using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films with a Chelex–Metsorb Mixed Binding Layer. Anal Chem 2013; 86:427-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared G. Panther
- Environmental
Futures Centre, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - William W. Bennett
- Environmental
Futures Centre, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - David T. Welsh
- Environmental
Futures Centre, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Peter R. Teasdale
- Environmental
Futures Centre, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University Gold Coast campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
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40
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Huynh T, Zhang H, Noller B. Evaluation and Application of the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique Using a Mixed-Binding Gel Layer for Measuring Inorganic Arsenic and Metals in Mining Impacted Water and Soil. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9988-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302430b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trang Huynh
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation,
Sustainable Minerals Institute, QLD, 4072 Australia
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Center
(LEC), Lancaster University, Lancaster,
LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Noller
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation,
Sustainable Minerals Institute, QLD, 4072 Australia
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41
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Lamb DT, Naidu R, Ming H, Megharaj M. Copper phytotoxicity in native and agronomical plant species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 85:23-29. [PMID: 22995781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a widespread soil contaminant that is known to be highly toxic to soil biota. Limited information is available on the response of wild endemic species to Cu in the literature, which hinders ecological risk assessments and revegetation. In the present study, the phytotoxicity of Cu in nutrient solution was studied in five Australian endemic plant species (Acacia decurrens, Austrodanthonia richardsonii (Wallaby Grass), Bothriochloa macra (Redgrass), Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldulensis (River Red-Gum) and Dichanthium sericeum (Bluegrass) and two vegetable plants species (Lactuca sativa L. 'Great lakes' and Raphanus sativa L.). Vegetable species were grown in a more concentrated nutrient solution. The response of B. macra was also compared between the two nutrient solutions (dilute and concentrated nutrient solution). In the first experiment, D. sericeum and E. camaldulensis were found to be highly sensitive to Cu exposure in nutrient culture. Critical exogenous Cu concentrations (50 percent reduction in roots) for E. camaldulensis, D. sericeum, A. richardsonii, B. macra (dilute), L. sativa, B. macra (concentrated), R. sativa and A. decurrens were, respectively, (μg/L) 16, 35, 83, 88, 97, 105, 128 and 186. Copper tolerance in B. macra was observed to be higher in the more concentrated nutrient solution despite the estimated Cu(2+) concentration being very similar in treatment solutions. Additional short-term rhizo-accumulation studies showed that neither Ca(2+) not K(+) was responsible for reduced uptake at the roots. However, the estimated maximum shoot Cu was reduced from 41 to 24mg/kg in the more concentrated solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane T Lamb
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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42
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Saunders RJ, Paul NA, Hu Y, de Nys R. Sustainable sources of biomass for bioremediation of heavy metals in waste water derived from coal-fired power generation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36470. [PMID: 22590550 PMCID: PMC3348934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosorption of heavy metals using dried algal biomass has been extensively described but rarely implemented. We contend this is because available algal biomass is a valuable product with a ready market. Therefore, we considered an alternative and practical approach to algal bioremediation in which algae were cultured directly in the waste water stream. We cultured three species of algae with and without nutrient addition in water that was contaminated with heavy metals from an Ash Dam associated with coal-fired power generation and tested metal uptake and bioremediation potential. All species achieved high concentrations of heavy metals (to 8% dry mass). Two key elements, V and As, reached concentrations in the biomass of 1543 mg.kg−1 DW and 137 mg.kg−1 DW. Growth rates were reduced by more than half in neat Ash Dam water than when nutrients were supplied in excess. Growth rate and bioconcentration were positively correlated for most elements, but some elements (e.g. Cd, Zn) were concentrated more when growth rates were lower, indicating the potential to tailor bioremediation depending on the pollutant. The cosmopolitan nature of the macroalgae studied, and their ability to grow and concentrate a suite of heavy metals from industrial wastes, highlights a clear benefit in the practical application of waste water bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Saunders
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology & Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
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43
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Chen Z, Campbell PGC, Fortin C. Silver Binding by Humic Acid as Determined by Equilibrium Ion-Exchange and Dialysis. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6532-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp212403r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhi Chen
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre
Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec,
Canada, G1K 9A9
| | - Peter G. C. Campbell
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre
Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec,
Canada, G1K 9A9
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre
Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec,
Canada, G1K 9A9
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Masresha AE, Skipperud L, Rosseland BO, Zinabu GM, Meland S, Teien HC, Salbu B. Speciation of selected trace elements in three Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes (Koka, Ziway, and Awassa) and their major inflows. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:3955-3970. [PMID: 21774962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes (ERVLs) are water resources which have considerable environmental, economic and cultural importance. However, there is an increasing concern that increasing human activities around these lakes and their main inflows can result in increased contamination of these water bodies. Information on total concentrations of some trace elements is available for these lakes and their inflows; however, data on the trace element speciation is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the low molecular mass (LMM) trace element species and also, evaluate the influence of flooding episodes on the LMM trace element fractions. At-site size and charge fractionation system was used for sampling of water from the lakes Koka, Ziway and Awassa and their main inflows during the dry and wet seasons. The results showed that chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) in Lake Koka and its inflows as well as in Lake Ziway were predominantly present as HMM (high molecular mass, i.e., >10 kDa) forms, while arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd) were more mobile during the dry season. In Lake Awassa, all except Cr and Mn were predominantly found as LMM species (low molecular mass, i.e. <10 kDa) which can be attributed to the high concentrations of LMM DOC (dissolved organic carbon). During the wet season, results from the Lake Koka and its inflows showed that all trace elements were predominantly associated with HMM forms such as colloids and particles, demonstrating that the mobility of elements was reduced during the wet season. The colloidal fraction of elements such as Cr, Ni, and Cd was also correlated with dissolved Fe. As the concentration of LMM trace element species are very low, the mobility, biological uptake and the potential environmental impact should be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu E Masresha
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), P. O. Box 5003, 1432 Aas, Norway.
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Sander SG, Hunter KA, Harms H, Wells M. Numerical approach to speciation and estimation of parameters used in modeling trace metal bioavailability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:6388-6395. [PMID: 21751821 DOI: 10.1021/es200113v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Speciation affects trace metal bioavailability. One model used to describe the importance of speciation is the biotic ligand model (BLM), wherein the competition of inorganic and organic ligands with a biotic ligand for free-ion trace metal determines the ultimate metal availability to biota. This and similar models require natural ligand concentrations and conditional stability constants as input parameters. In concept, the BLM is itself an analogue of some analytical approaches to the determination of trace metal speciation. A notable example is competitive ligand equilibration/cathodic stripping voltammetry, which employs an artificial ligand for comparative assessment of natural ligand concentrations and discrete conditional stability constants (i.e., BLM parameters) in a natural sample. Here, we report a new numerical approach to voltammetric speciation and parameter estimation that employs multiple analytical windows and a two-step optimization process, simultaneously generating both parameters and a complete suite of corresponding species concentrations. This approach is more powerful, systematic, and flexible than those previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia G Sander
- Marine and Freshwater Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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46
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Yan H, Yang L, Wang Q. Evaluation of cadmium species lability using ion-pair reversed phase HPLC coupled on-line with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 2011; 84:287-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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47
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Zavarise F, Companys E, Galceran J, Alberti G, Profumo A. Application of the new electroanalytical technique AGNES for the determination of free Zn concentration in river water. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:389-394. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Kiptoo JK, Ngila JC, Silavwe ND. Evaluation of copper speciation in model solutions of humic acid by mini-columns packed with Chelex-100 and new chelating agents: application to speciation of selected heavy metals in environmental water samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 172:1163-1167. [PMID: 19709807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A solid-phase extraction procedure using mini-columns packed with Chelex-100 and two new chelating agents based on poly(vinyl chloride) functionalized with 3-ferrocenyl-3-hydroxydithioacrylic acid and N,N'-[1,1'-dithiobis(ethylene)]-bis(salicylideneimine) (H(2)sales) loaded on microcrystalline naphthalene, is reported. The columns were used to separate labile copper fractions in model solutions and in real samples with subsequent determination using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Various model solutions containing 20 microg L(-1) of Cu(2+) and 0.0, 0.2, 2.0 and 20.0 mg L(-1) of humic acid, respectively, and buffered to pH 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 were considered. Results showed a decrease in labile copper fraction with increase in humic acid concentration. Application of the procedure to speciation of Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb in various environmental water samples yielded labile fractions in the range of 1.67-55.75% against a total dissolved fraction of 44.08-69.77%. Comparison of the three chelating agents showed that H(2)sales had a weaker metal chelating strength than Chelex-100, but PVC-FSSH had comparable chelating strength to Chelex-100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson K Kiptoo
- Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
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49
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Marmodée B, de Klerk JS, Ariese F, Gooijer C, Kumke MU. High-resolution steady-state and time-resolved luminescence studies on the complexes of Eu(III) with aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acids. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 652:285-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Slaveykova VI, Karadjova IB, Karadjov M, Tsalev DL. Trace metal speciation and bioavailability in surface waters of the Black Sea coastal area evaluated by HF-PLM and DGT. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:1798-1803. [PMID: 19368174 DOI: 10.1021/es802544n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal speciation in seawater from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast was studied in situ by hollow fiber permeation liquid membrane (HF-PLM) and by diffusion gradients in thin-film gels (DGT). The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb determined by HF-PLM were lower than those measured by DGT, in agreement with their analytical windows, e.g., free metal ions provided by the HF-PLM and dynamic (mobile and labile) species by the DGT. The obtained suite of data was further used to evaluate the bioavailability of these metals to the microorganisms, which was then compared with experimental results of metal uptake to green microalga Chlorella salina. Uptake fluxes of the Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb to C. salina, were predicted from the measured HF-PLM concentrations and laboratory experimentation in artificial seawater, in agreement with theoretical considerations. The HF-PLM and DGT appear to be promising analytical techniques for speciation and bioavailability studies in complex environmental media and allow improved understanding of the role of different chemical species in metal bioavailability (and impact) in seawaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera I Slaveykova
- Environmental Biophysical Chemistry, ISTE-ENAC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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