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Sollazzo G, Nikolouli K, Gouvi G, Aumann RA, Schetelig MF, Bourtzis K. Deep orange gene editing triggers temperature-sensitive lethal phenotypes in Ceratitis capitata. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38302991 PMCID: PMC10835909 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a significant agricultural pest managed through area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) including a sterile insect technique (SIT) component. Male-only releases increase the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of SIT programs, which can be achieved through the development of genetic sexing strains (GSS). The most successful GSS developed to date is the C. capitata VIENNA 8 GSS, constructed using classical genetic approaches and an irradiation-induced translocation with two selectable markers: the white pupae (wp) and temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl) genes. However, currently used methods for selecting suitable markers and inducing translocations are stochastic and non-specific, resulting in a laborious and time-consuming process. Recent efforts have focused on identifying the gene(s) and the causal mutation(s) for suitable phenotypes, such as wp and tsl, which could be used as selectable markers for developing a generic approach for constructing GSS. The wp gene was recently identified, and efforts have been initiated to identify the tsl gene. This study investigates Ceratitis capitata deep orange (Ccdor) as a tsl candidate gene and its potential to induce tsl phenotypes. RESULTS An integrated approach based on cytogenetics, genomics, bioinformatics, and gene editing was used to characterize the Ccdor. Its location was confirmed on the right arm of chromosome 5 in the putative tsl genomic region. Knock-out of Ccdor using CRISPR/Cas9-NHEJ and targeting the fourth exon resulted in lethality at mid- and late-pupal stage, while the successful application of CRISPR HDR introducing a point mutation on the sixth exon resulted in the establishment of the desired strain and two additional strains (dor 12del and dor 51dup), all of them expressing tsl phenotypes and presenting no (or minimal) fitness cost when reared at 25 °C. One of the strains exhibited complete lethality when embryos were exposed at 36 °C. CONCLUSIONS Gene editing of the deep orange gene in Ceratitis capitata resulted in the establishment of temperature-sensitive lethal mutant strains. The induced mutations did not significantly affect the rearing efficiency of the strains. As deep orange is a highly conserved gene, these data suggest that it can be considered a target for the development of tsl mutations which could potentially be used to develop novel genetic sexing strains in insect pests and disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Sollazzo
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany
- Present address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., Agrinio, 30100, Greece
- Present address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roswitha A Aumann
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany.
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
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Watanabe K, Maruyama Y, Iwashita H, Kato H, Hirayama J, Hattori A. N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine, which decreases in the hippocampus with aging, improves long-term memory via CaMKII/CREB phosphorylation. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12934. [PMID: 38241676 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is a molecule ubiquitous in nature and involved in several physiological functions. In the brain, melatonin is converted to N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and then to N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), which has been reported to strongly enhance long-term object memory formation. However, the synthesis of AMK in brain tissues and the underlying mechanisms regarding memory formation remain largely unknown. In the present study, young and old individuals from a melatonin-producing strain, C3H/He mice, were employed. The amount of AMK in the pineal gland and plasma was very low compared with those of melatonin at night; conversely, in the hippocampus, the amount of AMK was higher than that of melatonin. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (Ido) mRNA was expressed in multiple brain tissues, whereas tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (Tdo) mRNA was expressed only in the hippocampus, and its lysate had melatonin to AFMK conversion activity, which was blocked by the TDO inhibitor. The expression levels of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and PSD-95 in whole hippocampal tissue were significantly increased with AMK treatment. Before increasing in the whole tissue, CREB phosphorylation was significantly enhanced in the nuclear fraction. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, we found that downregulated genes in hippocampus of old C3H/He mice were more enriched for long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that LTP and neuroactive receptor interaction gene sets were enriched in hippocampus of old mice. In addition, Ido1 and Tdo mRNA expression was significantly decreased in the hippocampus of old mice compared with young mice, and the decrease in Tdo mRNA was more pronounced than Ido1. Furthermore, there was a higher decrease in AMK levels, which was less than 1/10 that of young mice, than in melatonin levels in the hippocampus of old mice. In conclusion, we first demonstrated the Tdo-related melatonin to AMK metabolism in the hippocampus and suggest a novel mechanism of AMK involved in LTP and memory formation. These results support AMK as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maruyama
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Iwashita
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Kato
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sustainable Systems Science, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
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Fu J, Zhao B, Luo G, Ni H, Xu L, He Q, Xu M, Xu C, Wang Y, Ni C, Yao M. JAG-1/Notch signaling axis in the spinal cord contributes to bone cancer pain in rats. J Neurochem 2023; 166:747-762. [PMID: 37422446 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Notch signal plays an important role in regulating cell-cell interactions with the adjacent cells. However, it remains unknown whether Jagged1 (JAG-1) mediated Notch signaling regulates bone cancer pain (BCP) via the spinal cell interactions mechanism. Here, we showed that intramedullary injection of Walker 256 breast cancer cells increased the expression of JAG-1 in spinal astrocytes and knockdown of JAG-1 reduced BCP. The supplementation of exogenous JAG-1 to the spinal cord induced BCP-like behavior and promoted expression of c-Fos and hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1 (Hes-1) in the spinal cord of the naïve rats. These effects were reversed when the rats were administered intrathecal injections of N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT). The intrathecal injection of DAPT reduced BCP and inhibited Hes-1 and c-Fos expression in the spinal cord. Furthermore, our results showed that JAG-1 up-regulated Hes-1 expression by inducing the recruitment of Notch intracellular domain (NICD) to the RBP-J/CSL-binding site located within the Hes-1 promoter sequence. Finally, the intrathecal injection of c-Fos-antisense oligonucleotides (c-Fos-ASO) and administration of sh-Hes-1 to the spinal dorsal horn also alleviated BCP. The study indicates that inhibition of the JAG-1/Notch signaling axis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of BCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Baoxia Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ge Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Huadong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Longsheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiuli He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chengfei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chaobo Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Elias R, Talyn B, Melchiorre E. Dietary Behavior of Drosophila melanogaster Fed with Genetically-Modified Corn or Roundup ®. J Xenobiot 2021; 11:215-227. [PMID: 34940514 PMCID: PMC8703958 DOI: 10.3390/jox11040014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rise in concern about GMOs and pesticides on human health, we have utilized Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for understanding the effects of Roundup-Ready® GMO diets on health. We recorded dietary behavior during and after exposure to a medium containing GMO or non-GMO corn, Roundup® in organic corn medium, and sucrose with or without one of the two Roundup® formulations. No differences in behavior were observed when Drosophila were exposed to a medium containing Roundup-Ready® GMO or non-GMO corn. Drosophila can detect and refrain from eating sucrose containing one Roundup® formulation, Ready-to-Use, which contains pelargonic acid in addition to glyphosate as an active ingredient. Drosophila exhibited dose-dependent increased consumption of sucrose alone after exposure to a medium containing either Roundup® formulation. This may indicate that flies eating a medium with Roundup® eat less and were thus hungrier when then given sucrose solution; that a medium with Roundup® is more difficult to digest; or that a medium with Roundup® is less nutritious, as would be the case if nutritionally important microbes grew on control medium, but not one containing Roundup®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Elias
- Department of Biology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA;
| | - Becky Talyn
- College of Natural Sciences, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-537-5303
| | - Erik Melchiorre
- Department of Geology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA;
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Consolidation and maintenance of long-term memory involve dual functions of the developmental regulator Apterous in clock neurons and mushroom bodies in the Drosophila brain. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001459. [PMID: 34860826 PMCID: PMC8641882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory is initially labile but can be consolidated into stable long-term memory (LTM) that is stored in the brain for extended periods. Despite recent progress, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the intriguing neurobiological processes of LTM remain incompletely understood. Using the Drosophila courtship conditioning assay as a memory paradigm, here, we show that the LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) transcription factor Apterous (Ap), which is known to regulate various developmental events, is required for both the consolidation and maintenance of LTM. Interestingly, Ap is involved in these 2 memory processes through distinct mechanisms in different neuronal subsets in the adult brain. Ap and its cofactor Chip (Chi) are indispensable for LTM maintenance in the Drosophila memory center, the mushroom bodies (MBs). On the other hand, Ap plays a crucial role in memory consolidation in a Chi-independent manner in pigment dispersing factor (Pdf)-containing large ventral–lateral clock neurons (l-LNvs) that modulate behavioral arousal and sleep. Since disrupted neurotransmission and electrical silencing in clock neurons impair memory consolidation, Ap is suggested to contribute to the stabilization of memory by ensuring the excitability of l-LNvs. Indeed, ex vivo imaging revealed that a reduced function of Ap, but not Chi, results in exaggerated Cl− responses to the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in l-LNvs, indicating that wild-type (WT) Ap maintains high l-LNv excitability by suppressing the GABA response. Consistently, enhancing the excitability of l-LNvs by knocking down GABAA receptors compensates for the impaired memory consolidation in ap null mutants. Overall, our results revealed unique dual functions of the developmental regulator Ap for LTM consolidation in clock neurons and LTM maintenance in MBs. A neurogenetic study using Drosophila reveals that the centrally expressed LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Apterous plays a crucial neuron-type-dependent role in two different memory processes - consolidation and maintenance of long-term memory.
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Zatsepina OG, Nikitina EA, Shilova VY, Chuvakova LN, Sorokina S, Vorontsova JE, Tokmacheva EV, Funikov SY, Rezvykh AP, Evgen'ev MB. Hsp70 affects memory formation and behaviorally relevant gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:575-594. [PMID: 33829398 PMCID: PMC8065088 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins, in particular Hsp70, play a central role in proteostasis in eukaryotic cells. Due to its chaperone properties, Hsp70 is involved in various processes after stress and under normal physiological conditions. In contrast to mammals and many Diptera species, inducible members of the Hsp70 family in Drosophila are constitutively synthesized at a low level and undergo dramatic induction after temperature elevation or other forms of stress. In the courtship suppression paradigm used in this study, Drosophila males that have been repeatedly rejected by mated females during courtship are less likely than naive males to court other females. Although numerous genes with known function were identified to play important roles in long-term memory, there is, to the best of our knowledge, no direct evidence implicating Hsp70 in this process. To elucidate a possible role of Hsp70 in memory formation, we used D. melanogaster strains containing different hsp70 copy numbers, including strains carrying a deletion of all six hsp70 genes. Our investigations exploring the memory of courtship rejection paradigm demonstrated that a low constitutive level of Hsp70 is apparently required for learning and the formation of short and long-term memories in males. The performed transcriptomic studies demonstrate that males with different hsp70 copy numbers differ significantly in the expression of a few definite groups of genes involved in mating, reproduction, and immunity in response to rejection. Specifically, our analysis reveals several major pathways that depend on the presence of hsp70 in the genome and participate in memory formation and consolidation, including the cAMP signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- O G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Nikitina
- Department of Neurogenetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Human and Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Herzen State Pedagogical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V Y Shilova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - L N Chuvakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Sorokina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - J E Vorontsova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Tokmacheva
- Department of Neurogenetics, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S Y Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A P Rezvykh
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Nguyen TNM, Choo A, Baxter SW. Lessons from Drosophila: Engineering Genetic Sexing Strains with Temperature-Sensitive Lethality for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. INSECTS 2021; 12:243. [PMID: 33805657 PMCID: PMC8001749 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A major obstacle of sterile insect technique (SIT) programs is the availability of robust sex-separation systems for conditional removal of females. Sterilized male-only releases improve SIT efficiency and cost-effectiveness for agricultural pests, whereas it is critical to remove female disease-vector pests prior to release as they maintain the capacity to transmit disease. Some of the most successful Genetic Sexing Strains (GSS) reared and released for SIT control were developed for Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata, and carry a temperature sensitive lethal (tsl) mutation that eliminates female but not male embryos when heat treated. The Medfly tsl mutation was generated by random mutagenesis and the genetic mechanism causing this valuable heat sensitive phenotype remains unknown. Conditional temperature sensitive lethal mutations have also been developed using random mutagenesis in the insect model, Drosophila melanogaster, and were used for some of the founding genetic research published in the fields of neuro- and developmental biology. Here we review mutations in select D. melanogaster genes shibire, Notch, RNA polymerase II 215kDa, pale, transformer-2, Dsor1 and CK2α that cause temperature sensitive phenotypes. Precise introduction of orthologous point mutations in pest insect species with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology holds potential to establish GSSs with embryonic lethality to improve and advance SIT pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu N. M. Nguyen
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Amanda Choo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Simon W. Baxter
- Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
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Salazar JL, Yang SA, Yamamoto S. Post-Developmental Roles of Notch Signaling in the Nervous System. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070985. [PMID: 32630239 PMCID: PMC7408554 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in Drosophila, the Notch signaling pathway has been studied in numerous developmental contexts in diverse multicellular organisms. The role of Notch signaling in nervous system development has been extensively investigated by numerous scientists, partially because many of the core Notch signaling components were initially identified through their dramatic ‘neurogenic’ phenotype of developing fruit fly embryos. Components of the Notch signaling pathway continue to be expressed in mature neurons and glia cells, which is suggestive of a role in the post-developmental nervous system. The Notch pathway has been, so far, implicated in learning and memory, social behavior, addiction, and other complex behaviors using genetic model organisms including Drosophila and mice. Additionally, Notch signaling has been shown to play a modulatory role in several neurodegenerative disease model animals and in mediating neural toxicity of several environmental factors. In this paper, we summarize the knowledge pertaining to the post-developmental roles of Notch signaling in the nervous system with a focus on discoveries made using the fruit fly as a model system as well as relevant studies in C elegans, mouse, rat, and cellular models. Since components of this pathway have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders in human, understanding the role of Notch signaling in the mature brain using model organisms will likely provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Salazar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.L.S.); (S.-A.Y.)
| | - Sheng-An Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.L.S.); (S.-A.Y.)
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.L.S.); (S.-A.Y.)
- Department of Neuroscience, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-832-824-8119
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Ho DM, Artavanis-Tsakonas S, Louvi A. The Notch pathway in CNS homeostasis and neurodegeneration. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 9:e358. [PMID: 31502763 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of the Notch signaling pathway in neural development has been well established over many years. More recent studies, however, have demonstrated that Notch continues to be expressed and active throughout adulthood in many areas of the central nervous system. Notch signals have been implicated in adult neurogenesis, memory formation, and synaptic plasticity in the adult organism, as well as linked to acute brain trauma and chronic neurodegenerative conditions. NOTCH3 mutations are responsible for the most common form of hereditary stroke, the progressive disorder cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. Notch has also been associated with several progressive neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Although numerous studies link Notch activity with CNS homeostasis and neurodegenerative diseases, the data thus far are primarily correlative, rather than functional. Nevertheless, the evidence for Notch pathway activity in specific neural cellular contexts is strong, and certainly intriguing, and points to the possibility that the pathway carries therapeutic promise. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Flies Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Ho
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Angeliki Louvi
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience and Program on Neurogenetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Petruccelli E, Feyder M, Ledru N, Jaques Y, Anderson E, Kaun KR. Alcohol Activates Scabrous-Notch to Influence Associated Memories. Neuron 2018; 100:1209-1223.e4. [PMID: 30482693 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drugs of abuse, like alcohol, modulate gene expression in reward circuits and consequently alter behavior. However, the in vivo cellular mechanisms through which alcohol induces lasting transcriptional changes are unclear. We show that Drosophila Notch/Su(H) signaling and the secreted fibrinogen-related protein Scabrous in mushroom body (MB) memory circuitry are important for the enduring preference of cues associated with alcohol's rewarding properties. Alcohol exposure affects Notch responsivity in the adult MB and alters Su(H) targeting at the dopamine-2-like receptor (Dop2R). Alcohol cue training also caused lasting changes to the MB nuclear transcriptome, including changes in the alternative splicing of Dop2R and newly implicated transcripts like Stat92E. Together, our data suggest that alcohol-induced activation of the highly conserved Notch pathway and accompanying transcriptional responses in memory circuitry contribute to addiction. Ultimately, this provides mechanistic insight into the etiology and pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Petruccelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Michael Feyder
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Nicolas Ledru
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Yanabah Jaques
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Edward Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Karla R Kaun
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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LIN-12/Notch Regulates GABA Signaling at the Caenorhabditis elegans Neuromuscular Junction. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2018; 8:2825-2832. [PMID: 29950427 PMCID: PMC6071610 DOI: 10.1534/g3.118.200202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of Notch signaling in cell-fate decisions has been studied extensively; however, this pathway is also active in adult tissues, including the nervous system. Notch signaling modulates a wide range of behaviors and processes of the nervous system in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, but there is no evidence for Notch signaling directly altering synaptic strength. Here, we demonstrate Notch-mediated regulation of synaptic activity at the C. elegans neuromuscular junction (NMJ). For this, we used aldicarb, an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, and assessed paralysis rates of animals with altered Notch signaling. Notch receptors LIN-12 and GLP-1 are required for normal NMJ function; they regulate NMJ activity in an opposing fashion. Complete loss of LIN-12 skews the excitation/inhibition balance at the NMJ toward increased activity, whereas partial loss of GLP-1 has the opposite effect. Specific Notch ligands and co-ligands are also required for proper NMJ function. The role of LIN-12 is independent of cell-fate decisions; manipulation of LIN-12 signaling through RNAi knockdown or overexpression of the co-ligand OSM-11 after development alters NMJ activity. We demonstrate that LIN-12 modulates GABA signaling in this paradigm, as loss of GABA signaling suppresses LIN-12 gain-of-function defects. Further analysis, in vivo and in silico, suggests that LIN-12 may modulate transcription of the GABAB receptor GBB-2 Our findings confirm a non-developmental role for the LIN-12/Notch receptor in regulating synaptic signaling and identify the GABAB receptor GBB-2 as a potential Notch transcriptional target in the C. elegans nervous system.
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Chronic Hippocampal Expression of Notch Intracellular Domain Induces Vascular Thickening, Reduces Glucose Availability, and Exacerbates Spatial Memory Deficits in a Rat Model of Early Alzheimer. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8637-8650. [PMID: 29582397 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The specific roles of Notch in progressive adulthood neurodegenerative disorders have begun to be unraveled in recent years. A number of independent studies have shown significant increases of Notch expression in brains from patients at later stages of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the impact of Notch canonical signaling activation in the pathophysiology of AD is still elusive. To further investigate this issue, 2-month-old wild-type (WT) and hemizygous McGill-R-Thy1-APP rats (Tg(+/-)) were injected in CA1 with lentiviral particles (LVP) expressing the transcriptionally active fragment of Notch, known as Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD), (LVP-NICD), or control lentivirus particles (LVP-C). The Tg(+/-) rat model captures presymptomatic aspects of the AD pathology, including intraneuronal amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and early cognitive deficits. Seven months after LVP administration, Morris water maze test was performed, and brains isolated for biochemical and histological analysis. Our results showed a learning impairment and a worsening of spatial memory in LVP-NICD- as compared to LVP-C-injected Tg(+/-) rats. In addition, immuno histochemistry, ELISA multiplex, Western blot, RT-qPCR, and 1H-NMR spectrometry of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) indicated that chronic expression of NICD promoted hippocampal vessel thickening with accumulation of Aβ in brain microvasculature, alteration of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and a decrease of CSF glucose levels. These findings suggest that, in the presence of early Aβ pathology, expression of NICD may contribute to the development of microvascular abnormalities, altering glucose transport at the BBB with impact on early decline of spatial learning and memory.
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McGovern M, Castaneda PG, Pekar O, Vallier LG, Cram EJ, Hubbard EJA. The DSL ligand APX-1 is required for normal ovulation in C. elegans. Dev Biol 2018; 435:162-169. [PMID: 29371032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
DSL ligands activate the Notch receptor in many cellular contexts across metazoa to specify cell fate. In addition, Notch receptor activity is implicated in post-mitotic morphogenesis and neuronal function. In C. elegans, the DSL family ligand APX-1 is expressed in a subset of cells of the proximal gonad lineage, where it can act as a latent proliferation-promoting signal to maintain proximal germline tumors. Here we examine apx-1 in the proximal gonad and uncover a role in the maintenance of normal ovulation. Depletion of apx-1 causes an endomitotic oocyte (Emo) phenotype and ovulation defects. We find that lag-2 can substitute for apx-1 in this role, that the ovulation defect is partially suppressed by loss of ipp-5, and that lin-12 depletion causes a similar phenotype. In addition, we find that the ovulation defects are often accompanied by a delay of spermathecal distal neck closure after oocyte entry. Although calcium oscillations occur in the spermatheca, calcium signals are abnormal when the distal neck does not close completely. Moreover, oocytes sometimes cannot properly transit through the spermatheca, leading to fragmentation of oocytes once the neck closes. Finally, abnormal oocytes and neck closure defects are seen occasionally when apx-1 or lin-12 activity is reduced in adult animals, suggesting a possible post-developmental role for APX-1 and LIN-12 signaling in ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie McGovern
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kingsborough Community College, City University of New York, 2001 Oriental Blvd, Brooklyn, NY 11235, United States; Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | | | - Olga Pekar
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Laura G Vallier
- Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Erin J Cram
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - E Jane Albert Hubbard
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Xue F, Chen YC, Zhou CH, Wang Y, Cai M, Yan WJ, Wu R, Wang HN, Peng ZW. Risperidone ameliorates cognitive deficits, promotes hippocampal proliferation, and enhances Notch signaling in a murine model of schizophrenia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 163:101-109. [PMID: 29037878 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic agents have been reported to promote hippocampal neurogenesis and improve cognitive deficits; yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying these actions remain unclear. In the present study, we used a murine model of schizophrenia induced by 5-day intraperitoneal injection with the non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist MK801 (0.3mg/kg/day) to assess cognitive behavioral deficits, changes in Notch signaling, and cellular proliferation in the hippocampus of adult male C57BL/6 mice after 2-week administration of risperidone (Rip, 0.2mg/kg/day) or vehicle. We then utilized in vivo stereotaxic injections of a lentivirus expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for Notch1 into the dentate gyrus to examine the role of Notch1 in the observed actions of Rip. We found that Rip ameliorated cognitive deficits and restored cell proliferation in MK801-treated mice in a manner associated with the up-regulation of Notch signaling molecules, including Notch1, Hes1, and Hes5. Moreover, these effects were abolished by pretreatment with Notch1 shRNA. Our results suggest that the ability of Rip to improve cognitive function in schizophrenia is mediated in part by Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yun-Chun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Cui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wen-Jun Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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15
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Siebel C, Lendahl U. Notch Signaling in Development, Tissue Homeostasis, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1235-1294. [PMID: 28794168 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 598] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling mechanism, but in contrast to signaling pathways such as Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and BMP/TGF-β, Notch signaling occurs via cell-cell communication, where transmembrane ligands on one cell activate transmembrane receptors on a juxtaposed cell. Originally discovered through mutations in Drosophila more than 100 yr ago, and with the first Notch gene cloned more than 30 yr ago, we are still gaining new insights into the broad effects of Notch signaling in organisms across the metazoan spectrum and its requirement for normal development of most organs in the body. In this review, we provide an overview of the Notch signaling mechanism at the molecular level and discuss how the pathway, which is architecturally quite simple, is able to engage in the control of cell fates in a broad variety of cell types. We discuss the current understanding of how Notch signaling can become derailed, either by direct mutations or by aberrant regulation, and the expanding spectrum of diseases and cancers that is a consequence of Notch dysregulation. Finally, we explore the emerging field of Notch in the control of tissue homeostasis, with examples from skin, liver, lung, intestine, and the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, California; and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Regulation of striatal dopamine responsiveness by Notch/RBP-J signaling. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1049. [PMID: 28267151 PMCID: PMC5416667 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine signaling is essential for reward learning and fear-related learning, and thought to be involved in neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of dopamine responsiveness is unclear. Here we show the critical roles of Notch/RBP-J signaling in the regulation of dopamine responsiveness in the striatum. Notch/RBP-J signaling regulates various neural cell fate specification, and neuronal functions in the adult central nervous system. Conditional deletion of RBP-J specifically in neuronal cells causes enhanced response to apomorphine, a non-selective dopamine agonist, and SKF38393, a D1 agonist, and impaired dopamine-dependent instrumental avoidance learning, which is corrected by SCH23390, a D1 antagonist. RBP-J deficiency drastically reduced dopamine release in the striatum and caused a subtle decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons. Lentivirus-mediated gene transfer experiments showed that RBP-J deficiency in the striatum was sufficient for these deficits. These findings demonstrated that Notch/RBP-J signaling regulates dopamine responsiveness in the striatum, which may explain the mechanism whereby Notch/RBP-J signaling affects an individual's susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disease.
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Hayashi Y, Nishimune H, Hozumi K, Saga Y, Harada A, Yuzaki M, Iwatsubo T, Kopan R, Tomita T. A novel non-canonical Notch signaling regulates expression of synaptic vesicle proteins in excitatory neurons. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23969. [PMID: 27040987 PMCID: PMC4819173 DOI: 10.1038/srep23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling plays crucial roles for cellular differentiation during development through γ-secretase-dependent intramembrane proteolysis followed by transcription of target genes. Although recent studies implicate that Notch regulates synaptic plasticity or cognitive performance, the molecular mechanism how Notch works in mature neurons remains uncertain. Here we demonstrate that a novel Notch signaling is involved in expression of synaptic proteins in postmitotic neurons. Levels of several synaptic vesicle proteins including synaptophysin 1 and VGLUT1 were increased when neurons were cocultured with Notch ligands-expressing NIH3T3 cells. Neuron-specific deletion of Notch genes decreased these proteins, suggesting that Notch signaling maintains the expression of synaptic vesicle proteins in a cell-autonomous manner. Unexpectedly, cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor, but not γ-secretase inhibitor, abolished the elevation of synaptic vesicle proteins, suggesting that generation of Notch intracellular domain is dispensable for this function. These data uncover a ligand-dependent, but γ-secretase-independent, non-canonical Notch signaling involved in presynaptic protein expression in postmitotic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Hayashi
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishimune
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Katsuto Hozumi
- Department of Immunology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Division of Mammalian Development, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Akihiro Harada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Raphael Kopan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Taisuke Tomita
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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18
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Kidd S, Lieber T. Mechanism of Notch Pathway Activation and Its Role in the Regulation of Olfactory Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151279. [PMID: 26986723 PMCID: PMC4795742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural plasticity of sensory systems is being increasingly recognized as playing a role in learning and memory. We have previously shown that Notch, part of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway, is required in adult Drosophila melanogaster olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) for the structural and functional plasticity of olfactory glomeruli that is induced by chronic odor exposure. In this paper we address how long-term exposure to odor activates Notch and how Notch in conjunction with chronic odor mediates olfactory plasticity. We show that upon chronic odor exposure a non-canonical Notch pathway mediates an increase in the volume of glomeruli by a mechanism that is autonomous to ORNs. In addition to activating a pathway that is autonomous to ORNs, chronic odor exposure also activates the Notch ligand Delta in second order projection neurons (PNs), but this does not appear to require acetylcholine receptor activation in PNs. Delta on PNs then feeds back to activate canonical Notch signaling in ORNs, which restricts the extent of the odor induced increase in glomerular volume. Surprisingly, even though the pathway that mediates the increase in glomerular volume is autonomous to ORNs, nonproductive transsynaptic Delta/Notch interactions that do not activate the canonical pathway can block the increase in volume. In conjunction with chronic odor, the canonical Notch pathway also enhances cholinergic activation of PNs. We present evidence suggesting that this is due to increased acetylcholine release from ORNs. In regulating physiological plasticity, Notch functions solely by the canonical pathway, suggesting that there is no direct connection between morphological and physiological plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kidd
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 701 West 168th Street, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Toby Lieber
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 701 West 168th Street, New York, New York, United States of America
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19
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Jiang H, Hanna E, Gatto CL, Page TL, Bhuva B, Broadie K. A fully automated Drosophila olfactory classical conditioning and testing system for behavioral learning and memory assessment. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 261:62-74. [PMID: 26703418 PMCID: PMC4749449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aversive olfactory classical conditioning has been the standard method to assess Drosophila learning and memory behavior for decades, yet training and testing are conducted manually under exceedingly labor-intensive conditions. To overcome this severe limitation, a fully automated, inexpensive system has been developed, which allows accurate and efficient Pavlovian associative learning/memory analyses for high-throughput pharmacological and genetic studies. NEW METHOD The automated system employs a linear actuator coupled to an odorant T-maze with airflow-mediated transfer of animals between training and testing stages. Odorant, airflow and electrical shock delivery are automatically administered and monitored during training trials. Control software allows operator-input variables to define parameters of Drosophila learning, short-term memory and long-term memory assays. RESULTS The approach allows accurate learning/memory determinations with operational fail-safes. Automated learning indices (immediately post-training) and memory indices (after 24h) are comparable to traditional manual experiments, while minimizing experimenter involvement. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The automated system provides vast improvements over labor-intensive manual approaches with no experimenter involvement required during either training or testing phases. It provides quality control tracking of airflow rates, odorant delivery and electrical shock treatments, and an expanded platform for high-throughput studies of combinational drug tests and genetic screens. The design uses inexpensive hardware and software for a total cost of ∼$500US, making it affordable to a wide range of investigators. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the design, construction and testing of a fully automated Drosophila olfactory classical association apparatus to provide low-labor, high-fidelity, quality-monitored, high-throughput and inexpensive learning and memory behavioral assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Eriny Hanna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Cheryl L Gatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Terry L Page
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Bharat Bhuva
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kendal Broadie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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20
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Berens AJ, Tibbetts EA, Toth AL. Candidate genes for individual recognition in Polistes fuscatus paper wasps. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2015; 202:115-29. [PMID: 26660069 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-015-1057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Few animals are known to individually recognize conspecifics, i.e. learn and recall unique individuals during subsequent encounters, and nearly all are social vertebrates. Remarkably, the social paper wasp Polistes fuscatus has recently been discovered to possess this ability, which is useful for remembering identities during competitive social interactions. We analyzed brain gene expression in staged encounters between pairs of individuals to explore potential mechanisms underlying wasps' ability to recall familiar individuals using real-time qRT-PCR. We identified four candidate genes (IP3K, IP3R, Nckx30C and Su(var)2-10) that were down-regulated in the presence of familiar individuals compared to single wasps and pairs of wasps meeting for the first time. These candidate genes are related to calcium signaling, therefore, we treated wasps with lithium chloride, a pharmacological agent that inhibits calcium signaling in neurons. This treatment decreased aggression in paper wasps, but did not affect expression of genes related to calcium signaling. The results suggest calcium signaling differences may be related to individual memory recall in wasps, and we present four promising candidate genes for future study. These data suggest genes associated with dominance behavior may be co-opted for individual recognition, but further work is needed to establish a causal association with the behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Berens
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - E A Tibbetts
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - A L Toth
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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21
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Kim S, Kim T, Lee HR, Kong YY, Kaang BK. Mind Bomb-2 Regulates Hippocampus-dependent Memory Formation and Synaptic Plasticity. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 19:515-22. [PMID: 26557018 PMCID: PMC4637354 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.6.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling is a key regulator of neuronal fate during embryonic development, but its function in the adult brain is still largely unknown. Mind bomb-2 (Mib2) is an essential positive regulator of the Notch pathway, which acts in the Notch signal-sending cells. Therefore, genetic deletion of Mib2 in the mouse brain might help understand Notch signaling-mediated cell-cell interactions between neurons and their physiological function. Here we show that deletion of Mib2 in the mouse brain results in impaired hippocampal spatial memory and contextual fear memory. Accordingly, we found impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity in Mib2 knock-out (KO) mice; however, basal synaptic transmission did not change at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. Using western blot analysis, we found that the level of cleaved Notch1 was lower in Mib2 KO mice than in wild type (WT) littermates after mild foot shock. Taken together, these data suggest that Mib2 plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity and spatial memory through the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somi Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - TaeHyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young-Yun Kong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Kidd S, Struhl G, Lieber T. Notch is required in adult Drosophila sensory neurons for morphological and functional plasticity of the olfactory circuit. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005244. [PMID: 26011623 PMCID: PMC4444342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) convey odor information to the central brain, but like other sensory neurons were thought to play a passive role in memory formation and storage. Here we show that Notch, part of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway, is required in adult Drosophila ORNs for the structural and functional plasticity of olfactory glomeruli that is induced by chronic odor exposure. Specifically, we show that Notch activity in ORNs is necessary for the odor specific increase in the volume of glomeruli that occurs as a consequence of prolonged odor exposure. Calcium imaging experiments indicate that Notch in ORNs is also required for the chronic odor induced changes in the physiology of ORNs and the ensuing changes in the physiological response of their second order projection neurons (PNs). We further show that Notch in ORNs acts by both canonical cleavage-dependent and non-canonical cleavage-independent pathways. The Notch ligand Delta (Dl) in PNs switches the balance between the pathways. These data define a circuit whereby, in conjunction with odor, N activity in the periphery regulates the activity of neurons in the central brain and Dl in the central brain regulates N activity in the periphery. Our work highlights the importance of experience dependent plasticity at the first olfactory synapse. Appropriate behavioral responses to changing environmental signals, such as odors, are essential for an organism’s survival. In Drosophila odors are detected by olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) that synapse with second order projection neurons (PNs) and local interneurons in morphologically identifiable neuropils in the antennal lobe called glomeruli. Chronic odor exposure leads to changes in animal behavior as well as to changes in the activity of neurons in the olfactory circuit and increases in the volume of glomeruli. Here, we establish that Notch, an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane receptor that plays profound and pervasive roles in animal development, is required in adult Drosophila ORNs for functional and morphological plasticity in response to chronic odor exposure. These findings are significant because they point to a role for Notch in regulating activity dependent plasticity. Furthermore, we show that in regulating the odor dependent change in glomerular volume, Notch acts by both non-canonical, cleavage-independent and canonical, cleavage-dependent mechanisms, with the Notch ligand Delta in PNs switching the balance between the pathways. Because both the Notch pathway and the processing of olfactory information are highly conserved between flies and vertebrates these findings are likely to be of general relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kidd
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gary Struhl
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Toby Lieber
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lillycrop KA, Costello PM, Teh AL, Murray RJ, Clarke-Harris R, Barton SJ, Garratt ES, Ngo S, Sheppard AM, Wong J, Dogra S, Burdge GC, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Gale CR, Gluckman PD, Harvey NC, Chong YS, Yap F, Meaney MJ, Rifkin-Graboi A, Holbrook JD, Godfrey KM. Association between perinatal methylation of the neuronal differentiation regulator HES1 and later childhood neurocognitive function and behaviour. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 44:1263-76. [PMID: 25906782 PMCID: PMC4588869 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early life environments induce long-term changes in neurocognitive development and behaviour. In animal models, early environmental cues affect neuropsychological phenotypes via epigenetic processes but, as yet, there is little direct evidence for such mechanisms in humans. Method We examined the relation between DNA methylation at birth and child neuropsychological outcomes in two culturally diverse populations using a genome-wide methylation analysis and validation by pyrosequencing. Results Within the UK Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS) we first identified 41 differentially methylated regions of interest (DMROI) at birth associated with child’s full-scale IQ at age 4 years. Associations between HES1 DMROI methylation and later cognitive function were confirmed by pyrosequencing in 175 SWS children. Consistent with these findings, higher HES1 methylation was associated with higher executive memory function in a second independent group of 200 SWS 7-year-olds. Finally, we examined a pathway for this relationship within a Singaporean cohort (n = 108). Here, HES1 DMROI methylation predicted differences in early infant behaviour, known to be associated with academic success. In vitro, methylation of HES1 inhibited ETS transcription factor binding, suggesting a functional role of this site. Conclusions Thus, our findings suggest that perinatal epigenetic processes mark later neurocognitive function and behaviour, providing support for a role of epigenetic processes in mediating the long-term consequences of early life environment on cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK,
| | - Paula M Costello
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Robert J Murray
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rebecca Clarke-Harris
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sheila J Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emma S Garratt
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sherry Ngo
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Allan M Sheppard
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Johnny Wong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Shaillay Dogra
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Graham C Burdge
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Catharine R Gale
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Duke NUS Graduate School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Abstract
Memory is a temporally evolving molecular and structural process, which involves changes from local synapses to complex neural networks. There is increasing evidence for an involvement of developmental pathways in regulating synaptic communication in the adult nervous system. Notch signaling has been implicated in memory formation in a variety of species. Nevertheless, the mechanism of Notch underlying memory consolidation remains poorly understood. In this commentary, besides offering an overview of the advances in the field of Notch in memory, we highlight some of the weaknesses of the studies and attempt to cast light on the apparent discrepancies on the role of Notch in memory. We believe that future studies, employing high-throughput technologies and targeted Notch loss and gain of function animal models, will reveal the mechanisms of Notch dependent plasticity and resolve whether this signaling pathway is implicated in the cognitive deficit associated with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swananda Marathe
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lavinia Alberi
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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25
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Abstract
Memory is a temporally evolving molecular and structural process, which involves changes from local synapses to complex neural networks. There is increasing evidence for an involvement of developmental pathways in regulating synaptic communication in the adult nervous system. Notch signaling has been implicated in memory formation in a variety of species. Nevertheless, the mechanism of Notch in memory consolidation remains poorly understood. In this commentary, besides offering an overview of the advances in the field of Notch in memory, we highlight some of the weaknesses of the studies and attempt to cast light on some of the apparent discrepancies on the role of Notch in memory. We believe that future studies, employing high-throughput technologies and targeted Notch loss and gain of function animal models, will reveal the mechanisms of Notch-dependent plasticity and resolve whether this signaling pathway is implicated in the cognitive deficit associated with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swananda Marathe
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lavinia Alberi
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Zhang J, Yin JCP, Wesley CS. Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD) Suppresses Long-Term Memory Formation in Adult Drosophila Flies. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:763-8. [PMID: 25791355 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Notch receptor signaling is evolutionarily conserved and well known for its roles in animal development. Many studies in Drosophila have shown that Notch also performs important functions in memory formation in adult flies. An intriguing observation is that increased expression of the full-length Notch receptor (Nfull) triggers long-term memory (LTM) formation even after very weak training (single training). Canonical Notch signaling is mediated by Notch intracellular domain (NICD), but it is not known whether increased expression of NICD recapitulates the LTM enhancement induced by increased Nfull expression. Here, we report that increased NICD expression either has no impact on LTM formation or suppresses it. Furthermore, it either has no impact or decreases both the levels and activity of cAMP response element binding protein, a key factor supporting LTM. These results indicate that NICD signaling is not sufficient to explain Nfull-induced LTM enhancement. Our findings may also shed light on the molecular mechanisms of memory loss in neurological diseases associated with increased NICD expression and canonical Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Zhang
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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27
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Androschuk A, Bolduc FV. Modeling Intellectual Disability in Drosophila. ANIMAL MODELS OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2709-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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28
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Hallaq R, Volpicelli F, Cuchillo-Ibanez I, Hooper C, Mizuno K, Uwanogho D, Causevic M, Asuni A, To A, Soriano S, Giese KP, Lovestone S, Killick R. The Notch intracellular domain represses CRE-dependent transcription. Cell Signal 2014; 27:621-9. [PMID: 25479589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Members of the cyclic-AMP response-element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor family regulate the expression of genes needed for long-term memory formation. Loss of Notch impairs long-term, but not short-term, memory in flies and mammals. We investigated if the Notch-1 (N1) exerts an effect on CREB-dependent gene transcription. We observed that N1 inhibits CREB mediated activation of cyclic-AMP response element (CRE) containing promoters in a γ-secretase-dependent manner. We went on to find that the γ-cleaved N1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) sequesters nuclear CREB1α, inhibits cAMP/PKA-mediated neurite outgrowth and represses the expression of specific CREB regulated genes associated with learning and memory in primary cortical neurons. Similar transcriptional effects were observed with the N2ICD, N3ICD and N4ICDs. Together, these observations indicate that the effects of Notch on learning and memory are, at least in part, via an effect on CREB-regulated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hallaq
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Floriana Volpicelli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Inmaculada Cuchillo-Ibanez
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Claudie Hooper
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Keiko Mizuno
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Dafe Uwanogho
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Mirsada Causevic
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ayodeji Asuni
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Alvina To
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Salvador Soriano
- Department of Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, Evans Hall B08, 24785 Stewart Street, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - K Peter Giese
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Simon Lovestone
- University of Oxford, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Richard Killick
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK.
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29
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Gerstner JR, Vanderheyden WM, Shaw PJ, Landry CF, Yin JC. Cytoplasmic to nuclear localization of fatty-acid binding protein correlates with specific forms of long-term memory inDrosophila. Commun Integr Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.4161/cib.16927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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30
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Knowles EEM, Carless MA, de Almeida MAA, Curran JE, McKay DR, Sprooten E, Dyer TD, Göring HH, Olvera R, Fox P, Almasy L, Duggirala R, Kent JW, Blangero J, Glahn DC. Genome-wide significant localization for working and spatial memory: Identifying genes for psychosis using models of cognition. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2014; 165B:84-95. [PMID: 24243780 PMCID: PMC4106137 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that risk for developing psychosis is largely mediated by the influence of genes, but identifying precisely which genes underlie that risk has been problematic. Focusing on endophenotypes, rather than illness risk, is one solution to this problem. Impaired cognition is a well-established endophenotype of psychosis. Here we aimed to characterize the genetic architecture of cognition using phenotypically detailed models as opposed to relying on general IQ or individual neuropsychological measures. In so doing we hoped to identify genes that mediate cognitive ability, which might also contribute to psychosis risk. Hierarchical factor models of genetically clustered cognitive traits were subjected to linkage analysis followed by QTL region-specific association analyses in a sample of 1,269 Mexican American individuals from extended pedigrees. We identified four genome wide significant QTLs, two for working and two for spatial memory, and a number of plausible and interesting candidate genes. The creation of detailed models of cognition seemingly enhanced the power to detect genetic effects on cognition and provided a number of possible candidate genes for psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. M. Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Melanie A. Carless
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - D. Reese McKay
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Thomas D. Dyer
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Harald H. Göring
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Rene Olvera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Peter Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ravi Duggirala
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - David. C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut and Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
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Abstract
Notch signaling is probably the most widely used intercellular communication pathway. The Notch mutant in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was isolated about 100 years ago at the dawn of genetics. Since then, research on Notch and its related genes in flies, worms, mice, and human has led to the establishment of an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway, the Notch signaling pathway. In the past few decades, molecular cloning of the Notch signaling components as well as genetic, cell biological, biochemical, structural, and bioinformatic approaches have uncovered the basic molecular logic of the pathway. In addition, genetic screens and systems approaches have led to the expansion of the list of genes that interact and fine-tune the pathway in a context specific manner. Furthermore, recent human genetic and genomic studies have led to the discovery that Notch plays a role in numerous diseases such as congenital disorders, stroke, and especially cancer. Pharmacological studies are actively pursuing key components of the pathway as drug targets for potential therapy. In this chapter, we will provide a brief historical overview of Notch signaling research and discuss the basic principles of Notch signaling, focusing on the unique features of this pathway when compared to other signaling pathways. Further studies to understand and manipulate Notch signaling in vivo in model organisms and in clinical settings will require a combination of a number of different approaches that are discussed throughout this book.
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Zhang J, Yin JCP, Wesley CS. From Drosophila development to adult: clues to Notch function in long-term memory. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:222. [PMID: 24312012 PMCID: PMC3836050 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is a cell surface receptor that is well known to mediate inter-cellular communication during animal development. Data in the field indicate that it is also involved in the formation of long-term memory (LTM) in the fully developed adults and in memory loss upon neurodegeneration. Our studies in the model organism Drosophila reveal that a non-canonical Notch-protein kinase C activity that plays critical roles in embryonic development also regulates cyclic-AMP response element binding protein during LTM formation in adults. Here we present a perspective on how the various known features of Notch function relate to LTM formation and how they might interface with elements of Wingless/Wnt signaling in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Zhang
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA ; Department of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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Notch-inducible hyperphosphorylated CREB and its ultradian oscillation in long-term memory formation. J Neurosci 2013; 33:12825-34. [PMID: 23904617 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0783-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is a cell surface receptor that is known to regulate developmental processes by establishing physical contact between neighboring cells. Many recent studies show that it also plays an important role in the formation of long-term memory (LTM) in adults, implying that memory formation requires regulation at the level of cell-cell contacts among brain cells. Neither the target of Notch activity in LTM formation nor the underlying mechanism of regulation is known. We report here results of our studies in adult Drosophila melanogaster showing that Notch regulates dCrebB-17A, the CREB protein. CREB is a transcriptional factor that is pivotal for intrinsic and synaptic plasticity involved in LTM formation. Notch in conjunction with PKC activity upregulates the level of a hyperphosphorylated form of CREB (hyper-PO4 CREB) and triggers its ultradian oscillation, both of which are linked to LTM formation. One of the sites that is phosphorylated in hyper-PO4 CREB is serine 231, which is the functional equivalent of mammalian CREB serine 133, the phosphorylation of which is an important regulator of CREB functions. Our data suggest the model that Notch and PKC activities generate a cyclical accumulation of cytoplasmic hyper-PO4 CREB that is a precursor for generating the nuclear CREB isoforms. Cyclical accumulation of CREB might be important for repetitive aspects of LTM formation, such as memory consolidation. Because Notch, PKC, and CREB have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), our data might also shed some light on memory loss and dementia.
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Li C, Su M, Wang H, Hu Y. Global view of transcriptome in the brains of aged NR2B transgenic mice. Neural Regen Res 2013; 8:2734-43. [PMID: 25206584 PMCID: PMC4145992 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.29.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NR2B subunits are involved in regulating aging, in particular, age-related learning and memory deficits. We examined 19-month-old NR2B transgenic mice and their littermate controls. First, we detected expression of the NR2B subunit gene, Grin2b, in the neocortex of transgenic mice using real-time PCR. Next, we used microarrays to examine differences in neocortical gene expression. Pathway and signal-net analyses identified multiple pathways altered in the transgenic mice, including the P53, Jak-STAT, Wnt, and Notch pathways, as well as regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions. Further signal-net analysis highlighted the P53 and insulin-like growth factor pathways as key regulatory pathways. Our results provide new insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms of NR2B regulated age-related memory storage, normal organismal aging and age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Li
- Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE&STCSM, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Men Su
- Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE&STCSM, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE&STCSM, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yinghe Hu
- Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, MOE&STCSM, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China ; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Sargin D, Botly LCP, Higgs G, Marsolais A, Frankland PW, Egan SE, Josselyn SA. Reprint of: disrupting Jagged1-Notch signaling impairs spatial memory formation in adult mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 105:20-30. [PMID: 23850596 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that Notch signaling plays a critical role in brain development and growing evidence implicates this signaling pathway in adult synaptic plasticity and memory formation. The Notch1 receptor is activated by two subclasses of ligands, Delta-like (including Dll1 and Dll4) and Jagged (including Jag1 and Jag2). Ligand-induced Notch1 receptor signaling is modulated by a family of Fringe proteins, including Lunatic fringe (Lfng). Although Dll1, Jag1 and Lfng are critical regulators of Notch signaling, their relative contribution to memory formation in the adult brain is unknown. To investigate the roles of these important components of Notch signaling in memory formation, we examined spatial and fear memory formation in adult mice with reduced expression of Dll1, Jag1, Lfng and Dll1 plus Lfng. We also examined motor activity, anxiety-like behavior and sensorimotor gating using the acoustic startle response in these mice. Of the lines of mutant mice tested, we found that only mice with reduced Jag1 expression (mice heterozygous for a null mutation in Jag1, Jag1(+/-)) showed a selective impairment in spatial memory formation. Importantly, all other behavior including open field activity, conditioned fear memory (both context and discrete cue), acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition, was normal in this line of mice. These results provide the first in vivo evidence that Jag1-Notch signaling is critical for memory formation in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Sargin
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8
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De Strooper B, Iwatsubo T, Wolfe MS. Presenilins and γ-secretase: structure, function, and role in Alzheimer Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2013; 2:a006304. [PMID: 22315713 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Presenilins were first discovered as sites of missense mutations responsible for early-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). The encoded multipass membrane proteins were subsequently found to be the catalytic components of γ-secretases, membrane-embedded aspartyl protease complexes responsible for generating the carboxyl terminus of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) from the amyloid protein precursor (APP). The protease complex also cleaves a variety of other type I integral membrane proteins, most notably the Notch receptor, signaling from which is involved in many cell differentiation events. Although γ-secretase is a top target for developing disease-modifying AD therapeutics, interference with Notch signaling should be avoided. Compounds that alter Aβ production by γ-secretase without affecting Notch proteolysis and signaling have been identified and are currently at various stages in the drug development pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Strooper
- Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Giagtzoglou N, Li T, Yamamoto S, Bellen HJ. Drosophila EHBP1 regulates Scabrous secretion during Notch-mediated lateral inhibition. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:3686-96. [PMID: 23788431 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays a central role in numerous developmental and disease processes. The versatility of the Notch pathway relies on the activity of context-dependent regulators. These include rab11, sec15, arp3 and Drosophila EHBP1 (dEHBP1), which control Notch signaling and cell fate acquisition in asymmetrically dividing mechanosensory lineages by regulating the trafficking of the ligand Delta. Here, we show that dEHBP1 also controls the specification of R8 photoreceptors, as its loss results in the emergence of supernumerary R8 photoreceptors. Given the requirements for Notch signaling during lateral inhibition, we propose that dEHBP1 regulates distinct aspects of Notch signaling in different developmental contexts. We show that dEHBP1 regulates the exocytosis of Scabrous, a positive regulator of Notch signaling. In conclusion, dEHBP1 provides developmental versatility of intercellular signaling by regulating the trafficking of distinct Notch signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Giagtzoglou
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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38
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Alberi L, Hoey SE, Brai E, Scotti AL, Marathe S. Notch signaling in the brain: in good and bad times. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:801-14. [PMID: 23570941 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway, which is fundamental for neuronal development and specification. In the last decade, increasing evidence has pointed out an important role of this pathway beyond embryonic development, indicating that Notch also displays a critical function in the mature brain of vertebrates and invertebrates. This pathway appears to be involved in neural progenitor regulation, neuronal connectivity, synaptic plasticity and learning/memory. In addition, Notch appears to be aberrantly regulated in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and ischemic injury. The molecular mechanisms by which Notch displays these functions in the mature brain are not fully understood, but are currently the subject of intense research. In this review, we will discuss old and novel Notch targets and molecular mediators that contribute to Notch function in the mature brain and will summarize recent findings that explore the two facets of Notch signaling in brain physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Alberi
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Mejia M, Heghinian MD, Marí F, Godenschwege TA. New tools for targeted disruption of cholinergic synaptic transmission in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64685. [PMID: 23737994 PMCID: PMC3667824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. The α7 subtype of nAChRs is involved in neurological pathologies such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, addiction, epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. The Drosophila melanogaster α7 (Dα7) has the closest sequence homology to the vertebrate α7 subunit and it can form homopentameric receptors just as the vertebrate counterpart. The Dα7 subunits are essential for the function of the Giant Fiber circuit, which mediates the escape response of the fly. To further characterize the receptor function, we generated different missense mutations in the Dα7 nAChR's ligand binding domain. We characterized the effects of targeted expression of two UAS-constructs carrying a single mutation, D197A and Y195T, as well as a UAS-construct carrying a triple D77T, L117Q, I196P mutation in a Dα7 null mutant and in a wild type background. Expression of the triple mutation was able to restore the function of the circuit in Dα7 null mutants and had no disruptive effects when expressed in wild type. In contrast, both single mutations severely disrupted the synaptic transmission of Dα7-dependent but not glutamatergic or gap junction dependent synapses in wild type background, and did not or only partially rescued the synaptic defects of the null mutant. These observations are consistent with the formation of hybrid receptors, consisting of D197A or Y195T subunits and wild type Dα7 subunits, in which the binding of acetylcholine or acetylcholine-induced conformational changes of the Dα7 receptor are altered and causes inhibition of cholinergic responses. Thus targeted expression of D197A or Y195T can be used to selectively disrupt synaptic transmission of Dα7-dependent synapses in neuronal circuits. Hence, these constructs can be used as tools to study learning and memory or addiction associated behaviors by allowing the manipulation of neuronal processing in the circuits without affecting other cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mejia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mari D. Heghinian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Frank Marí
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tanja A. Godenschwege
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, John D Mac Arthur Campus, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
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Sargin D, Botly LCP, Higgs G, Marsolais A, Frankland PW, Egan SE, Josselyn SA. Disrupting Jagged1-Notch signaling impairs spatial memory formation in adult mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 103:39-49. [PMID: 23567106 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that Notch signaling plays a critical role in brain development and growing evidence implicates this signaling pathway in adult synaptic plasticity and memory formation. The Notch1 receptor is activated by two subclasses of ligands, Delta-like (including Dll1 and Dll4) and Jagged (including Jag1 and Jag2). Ligand-induced Notch1 receptor signaling is modulated by a family of Fringe proteins, including Lunatic fringe (Lfng). Although Dll1, Jag1 and Lfng are critical regulators of Notch signaling, their relative contribution to memory formation in the adult brain is unknown. To investigate the roles of these important components of Notch signaling in memory formation, we examined spatial and fear memory formation in adult mice with reduced expression of Dll1, Jag1, Lfng and Dll1 plus Lfng. We also examined motor activity, anxiety-like behavior and sensorimotor gating using the acoustic startle response in these mice. Of the lines of mutant mice tested, we found that only mice with reduced Jag1 expression (mice heterozygous for a null mutation in Jag1, Jag1(+/-)) showed a selective impairment in spatial memory formation. Importantly, all other behavior including open field activity, conditioned fear memory (both context and discrete cue), acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition, was normal in this line of mice. These results provide the first in vivo evidence that Jag1-Notch signaling is critical for memory formation in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Sargin
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8
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Drosophila Memory Research through Four Eras. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415823-8.00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Yoon KJ, Lee HR, Jo YS, An K, Jung SY, Jeong MW, Kwon SK, Kim NS, Jeong HW, Ahn SH, Kim KT, Lee K, Kim E, Kim JH, Choi JS, Kaang BK, Kong YY. Mind bomb-1 is an essential modulator of long-term memory and synaptic plasticity via the Notch signaling pathway. Mol Brain 2012; 5:40. [PMID: 23111145 PMCID: PMC3541076 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-5-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Notch signaling is well recognized as a key regulator of the neuronal fate during embryonic development, but its function in the adult brain is still largely unknown. Mind bomb-1 (Mib1) is an essential positive regulator in the Notch pathway, acting non-autonomously in the signal-sending cells. Therefore, genetic ablation of Mib1 in mature neuron would give valuable insight to understand the cell-to-cell interaction between neurons via Notch signaling for their proper function. Results Here we show that the inactivation of Mib1 in mature neurons in forebrain results in impaired hippocampal dependent spatial memory and contextual fear memory. Consistently, hippocampal slices from Mib1-deficient mice show impaired late-phase, but not early-phase, long-term potentiation and long-term depression without change in basal synaptic transmission at SC-CA1 synapses. Conclusions These data suggest that Mib1-mediated Notch signaling is essential for long-lasting synaptic plasticity and memory formation in the rodent hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Jun Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1 Silim-dong Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, South Korea
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Tanveer R, Gowran A, Noonan J, Keating SE, Bowie AG, Campbell VA. The endocannabinoid, anandamide, augments Notch-1 signaling in cultured cortical neurons exposed to amyloid-β and in the cortex of aged rats. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:34709-21. [PMID: 22891244 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.350678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Notch signaling has recently emerged as a possible mechanism for the altered neurogenesis, cognitive impairment, and learning and memory deficits associated with Alzheimer disease (AD). Recently, targeting the endocannabinoid system in models of AD has emerged as a potential approach to slow the progression of the disease process. Although studies have identified neuroprotective roles for endocannabinoids, there is a paucity of information on modulation of the pro-survival Notch pathway by endocannabinoids. In this study the influence of the endocannabinoids, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, on the Notch-1 pathway and on its endogenous regulators were investigated in an in vitro model of AD. We report that AEA up-regulates Notch-1 signaling in cultured neurons. We also provide evidence that although Aβ(1-42) increases expression of the endogenous inhibitor of Notch-1, numb (Nb), this can be prevented by AEA and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Interestingly, AEA up-regulated Nct expression, a component of γ-secretase, and this was found to play a crucial role in the enhanced Notch-1 signaling mediated by AEA. The stimulatory effects of AEA on Notch-1 signaling persisted in the presence of Aβ(1-42). AEA was found to induce a preferential processing of Notch-1 over amyloid precursor protein to generate Aβ(1-40). Aging, a natural process of neurodegeneration, was associated with a reduction in Notch-1 signaling in rat cortex and hippocampus, and this was restored with chronic treatment with URB 597. In summary, AEA has the proclivity to enhance Notch-1 signaling in an in vitro model of AD, which may have relevance for restoring neurogenesis and cognition in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Tanveer
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Sun YY, Li L, Liu XH, Gu N, Dong HL, Xiong L. The spinal notch signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the development of neuropathic pain. Mol Brain 2012; 5:23. [PMID: 22713619 PMCID: PMC3462686 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-5-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Notch signaling pathway has been shown to be involved in the development of the nervous system. Recent studies showed that Notch receptors and ligands are also expressed in the nervous system of adult animals. However, whether the Notch signaling pathway has a function in adults is not fully understood. The present study is designed to investigate the function of the Notch signaling pathway in nociceptive transmission, especially during neuropathic pain in adult rats. Results We found that the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) is expressed in the DRG (Dorsal Root Ganglia), sciatic nerve and spinal cord in normal rats, and is upregulated in the sciatic nerve and spinal cord after spared nerve injury (SNI). Moreover, we used the γ-secretase (a key enzyme of the Notch signaling pathway) inhibitor DAPT to observe the effect of the Notch signaling pathway after SNI. We found that intrathecal DAPT significantly increased paw withdrawal thermal latency and mechanical threshold. Mechanical hyperalgesia occurring after SNI could be significantly reversed by DAPT in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions These results suggest that the Notch signaling pathway participates in the induction and maintenance of neuropathic pain, which indicates that the Notch pathway maybe a potential drug target for neuropathic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
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Wu CL, Chiang AS. Genes and circuits for olfactory-associated long-term memory in Drosophila. J Neurogenet 2012; 22:257-84. [PMID: 19012072 DOI: 10.1080/01677060802307755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the formidable challenges in modern neuroscience is to identify the physical basis of long-term memory (LTM) storage−the engram. Cellular and molecular experiments have suggested that the engram for a particular behavioral task is encoded as changes in synaptic structure and function, yet distributed in an unknown fashion across an ill-defined neural circuit or network. Accumulating genetic and circuitry information has provided some clues toward resolving this engram puzzle.This review will focus on recent discoveries of genes and circuits involved in the formation of olfactory-associated LTM in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Wu
- Brain Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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46
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Giniger E. Notch signaling and neural connectivity. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2012; 22:339-46. [PMID: 22608692 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The cell surface receptor Notch contributes to the development of nearly every tissue in most metazoans by controlling the fates and differentiation of cells. Recent results have now established that Notch also regulates the connectivity of the nervous system, and does so at a variety of levels, including specification of neuronal identity, division, survival and migration, as well as axon guidance, morphogenesis of dendritic arbors and weighting of synapse strength. To these ends, Notch engages at least two signal transduction pathways, one that controls nuclear gene expression and another that directly targets the cytoskeleton. Coordinating the many functions of Notch to produce neural structure is thus a pivotal aspect of building and maintaining the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Kaun KR, Devineni AV, Heberlein U. Drosophila melanogaster as a model to study drug addiction. Hum Genet 2012; 131:959-75. [PMID: 22350798 PMCID: PMC3351628 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-012-1146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies have been instrumental in providing knowledge about the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying drug addiction. Recently, the fruit fly Drosophilamelanogaster has become a valuable system to model not only the acute stimulating and sedating effects of drugs but also their more complex rewarding properties. In this review, we describe the advantages of using the fly to study drug-related behavior, provide a brief overview of the behavioral assays used, and review the molecular mechanisms and neural circuits underlying drug-induced behavior in flies. Many of these mechanisms have been validated in mammals, suggesting that the fly is a useful model to understand the mechanisms underlying addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla R Kaun
- Department of Anatomy, University of California-San Francisco, 1550 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Sato C, Zhao G, Ilagan MXG. An overview of notch signaling in adult tissue renewal and maintenance. Curr Alzheimer Res 2012; 9:227-40. [PMID: 21605032 PMCID: PMC4361071 DOI: 10.2174/156720512799361600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a critical mediator of short-range cell-cell communication that is reiteratively used to regulate a diverse array of cellular processes during embryonic development and the renewal and maintenance of adult tissues. Most Notch-dependent processes utilize a core signaling mechanism that is dependent on regulated intramembrane proteolysis: Upon ligand binding, Notch receptors undergo ectodomain shedding by ADAM metalloproteases, followed by γ-secretase-mediated intramembrane proteolysis. This releases the Notch intracellular domain, which translocates to the nucleus to activate transcription. In this review, we highlight the roles of Notch signaling particularly in self-renewing tissues in adults and several human diseases and raise some key considerations when targeting ADAMs and γ-secretase as disease-modifying strategies for Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Sato
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 63110
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 63110
| | - Ma. Xenia G. Ilagan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA 63110
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de Bivort BL, Guo HF, Zhong Y. Notch signaling is required for activity-dependent synaptic plasticity at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. J Neurogenet 2012; 23:395-404. [PMID: 19863270 DOI: 10.3109/01677060902878481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The cell-surface-signaling protein Notch, is required for numerous developmental processes and typically specifies which of two adjacent cells will adopt a non-neuronal developmental fate. It has recently been implicated in long-term memory formation in mammals and Drosophila. Here, we investigated whether activity-dependent synaptic plasticity at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of third instar Drosophila larvae depends on Notch signaling. The length and number of axonal branches and number of presynaptic sites (boutons) in NMJ vary with the level of synaptic activity, so we increased activity at the NMJ by two complementary methods: increasing the chronic growth temperature of third instar larvae from 18 to 28 degrees C and using the double-mutant ether-a-gogo,Shaker (eagSh), both of which increase NMJ size and bouton count. Animals homozygous for the functionally null, temperature-sensitive Notch alleles, N(ts1) and N(ts2), displayed no activity-dependent increase in NMJ complexity when reared at the restrictive temperature. Dominant-negative Notch transgenic expression also blocked activity-dependent plasticity. Ectopic expression of wild-type Notch and constitutively active truncated Notch transgenes also reduced activity-dependent plasticity, suggesting that there is a "happy medium" level of Notch activity in mediating NMJ outgrowth. Last, we show that endogenous Notch is primarily expressed in the presynaptic cell bodies where its expression level is positively correlated with motor neuron activity.
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Zayed A, Naeger NL, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Robinson GE. Common and novel transcriptional routes to behavioral maturation in worker and male honey bees. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2011; 11:253-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2011.00750.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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