1
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Chen S, Liu Z, Li B, Hou Y, Peng Y, Li J, Yuan Q, Gan W. Probing the structural evolution on the surface of cardiolipin vesicles with an amphiphilic second harmonic generation and fluorescence probe. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014705. [PMID: 38949588 DOI: 10.1063/5.0211845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the influence of the ambient chemical environment on molecular behaviors in liposomes is crucial for understanding and manipulating cellular vitality as well as the capabilities of lipid drug carriers in various environments. Here, we designed and synthesized a second harmonic generation (SHG) and fluorescence probe molecule called Pyr-Py+-N+ (PPN), which possesses membrane-targeting capability. We employed PPN to investigate the response of lipid vesicles composed of cardiolipin to the presence of exogenous salt. The kinetic behaviors, including the adsorption and embedding of PPN on the surface of small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) composed of cardiolipin, were analyzed. The response of the SUVs to the addition of NaCl was also monitored. A rapid decrease in vesicle size can be evidenced through the rapid drop in SHG emission originating from PPN located on the vesicle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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2
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Yang X, La Camera G. Co-existence of synaptic plasticity and metastable dynamics in a spiking model of cortical circuits. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012220. [PMID: 38950068 PMCID: PMC11244818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence for metastable dynamics and its role in brain function is emerging at a fast pace and is changing our understanding of neural coding by putting an emphasis on hidden states of transient activity. Clustered networks of spiking neurons have enhanced synaptic connections among groups of neurons forming structures called cell assemblies; such networks are capable of producing metastable dynamics that is in agreement with many experimental results. However, it is unclear how a clustered network structure producing metastable dynamics may emerge from a fully local plasticity rule, i.e., a plasticity rule where each synapse has only access to the activity of the neurons it connects (as opposed to the activity of other neurons or other synapses). Here, we propose a local plasticity rule producing ongoing metastable dynamics in a deterministic, recurrent network of spiking neurons. The metastable dynamics co-exists with ongoing plasticity and is the consequence of a self-tuning mechanism that keeps the synaptic weights close to the instability line where memories are spontaneously reactivated. In turn, the synaptic structure is stable to ongoing dynamics and random perturbations, yet it remains sufficiently plastic to remap sensory representations to encode new sets of stimuli. Both the plasticity rule and the metastable dynamics scale well with network size, with synaptic stability increasing with the number of neurons. Overall, our results show that it is possible to generate metastable dynamics over meaningful hidden states using a simple but biologically plausible plasticity rule which co-exists with ongoing neural dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Graduate Program in Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Center for Neural Circuit Dynamics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Giancarlo La Camera
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Center for Neural Circuit Dynamics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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3
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Chen S, Tong X, Huo Y, Liu S, Yin Y, Tan ML, Cai K, Ji W. Piezoelectric Biomaterials Inspired by Nature for Applications in Biomedicine and Nanotechnology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406192. [PMID: 39003609 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectricity provides electrostimulation to regulate cell/tissue behaviors and functions. In the human body, bioelectricity can be generated in electromechanically responsive tissues and organs, as well as biomolecular building blocks that exhibit piezoelectricity, with a phenomenon known as the piezoelectric effect. Inspired by natural bio-piezoelectric phenomenon, efforts have been devoted to exploiting high-performance synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials, including molecular materials, polymeric materials, ceramic materials, and composite materials. Notably, piezoelectric biomaterials polarize under mechanical strain and generate electrical potentials, which can be used to fabricate electronic devices. Herein, a review article is proposed to summarize the design and research progress of piezoelectric biomaterials and devices toward bionanotechnology. First, the functions of bioelectricity in regulating human electrophysiological activity from cellular to tissue level are introduced. Next, recent advances as well as structure-property relationship of various natural and synthetic piezoelectric biomaterials are provided in detail. In the following part, the applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, energy harvesting, and catalysis are systematically classified and discussed. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of piezoelectric biomaterials are presented. It is believed that this review will provide inspiration for the design and development of innovative piezoelectric biomaterials in the fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yehong Huo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuaijie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Mei-Ling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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4
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Yang X, La Camera G. Co-existence of synaptic plasticity and metastable dynamics in a spiking model of cortical circuits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.07.570692. [PMID: 38106233 PMCID: PMC10723399 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for metastable dynamics and its role in brain function is emerging at a fast pace and is changing our understanding of neural coding by putting an emphasis on hidden states of transient activity. Clustered networks of spiking neurons have enhanced synaptic connections among groups of neurons forming structures called cell assemblies; such networks are capable of producing metastable dynamics that is in agreement with many experimental results. However, it is unclear how a clustered network structure producing metastable dynamics may emerge from a fully local plasticity rule, i.e., a plasticity rule where each synapse has only access to the activity of the neurons it connects (as opposed to the activity of other neurons or other synapses). Here, we propose a local plasticity rule producing ongoing metastable dynamics in a deterministic, recurrent network of spiking neurons. The metastable dynamics co-exists with ongoing plasticity and is the consequence of a self-tuning mechanism that keeps the synaptic weights close to the instability line where memories are spontaneously reactivated. In turn, the synaptic structure is stable to ongoing dynamics and random perturbations, yet it remains sufficiently plastic to remap sensory representations to encode new sets of stimuli. Both the plasticity rule and the metastable dynamics scale well with network size, with synaptic stability increasing with the number of neurons. Overall, our results show that it is possible to generate metastable dynamics over meaningful hidden states using a simple but biologically plausible plasticity rule which co-exists with ongoing neural dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Graduate Program in Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University
- Center for Neural Circuit Dynamics, Stony Brook University
| | - Giancarlo La Camera
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Stony Brook University
- Center for Neural Circuit Dynamics, Stony Brook University
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5
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Rzepiela J, Liberka M, Zychowicz M, Wang J, Tokoro H, Piotrowska K, Baś S, Ohkoshi SI, Chorazy S. SHG-active luminescent thermometers based on chiral cyclometalated dicyanidoiridate(iii) complexes. Inorg Chem Front 2024; 11:1366-1380. [PMID: 38420599 PMCID: PMC10897766 DOI: 10.1039/d3qi02482b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional optical materials can be realized by combining stimuli-responsive photoluminescence (PL), e.g., optical thermometry, with non-linear optical (NLO) effects, such as second-harmonic generation (SHG). We report a novel approach towards SHG-active luminescent thermometers achieved by constructing unique iridium(iii) complexes, cis-[IrIII(CN)2(R,R-pinppy)2]- (R,R-pinppy = (R,R)-2-phenyl-4,5-pinenopyridine), bearing both a chiral 2-phenylpyridine derivative and cyanido ligands, the latter enabling the formation of a series of molecular materials: (TBA)[IrIII(CN)2(R,R-pinppy)2]·2MeCN (1) (TBA+ = tetrabutylammonium) and (nBu-DABCO)2[IrIII(CN)2(R,R-pinppy)2](i)·MeCN (2) (nBu-DABCO+ = 1-(n-butyl)-1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2]octan-1-ium) hybrid salts, (TBA)2{[LaIII(NO3)3(H2O)0.5]2[IrIII(CN)2(R,R-pinppy)2]2} (3) square molecules, and {[LaIII(NO3)2(dmf)3][IrIII(CN)2(R,R-pinppy)2]}·MeCN (4) coordination chains. Thanks to the chiral pinene group, 1-4 crystallize in non-centrosymmetric space groups leading to SHG activity, while the N,C-coordination of ppy-type ligands to Ir(iii) centers generates visible charge-transfer (CT) photoluminescence. The PL characteristics are distinctly temperature-dependent which was utilized in achieving ratiometric optical thermometry below 220 K. The PL phenomena were rationalized by DFT/TD-DFT calculations indicating an MLCT-type of the emission in obtained Ir(iii) complexes with the rich vibronic structure providing a few emission bands that variously depend on temperature due to the role of thermally activated vibrations. As these crucial vibrational modes depend on the crystal lattice, the thermometry performance differs within 1-4 being the most efficient in 4 while the SHG is by far the best also for 4. This proves that pinene-functionalized cyclometalated dicyanidoiridates(iii) are great prerequisites for tunable PL-NLO conjunction with the most effective multifunctionality ensured by the insertion of these anions into bimetallic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rzepiela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Michal Liberka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Mikolaj Zychowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Junhao Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroko Tokoro
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
| | - Kinga Piotrowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Sebastian Baś
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
| | - Shin-Ichi Ohkoshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Szymon Chorazy
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
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6
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Zecevic D. Electrical properties of dendritic spines. Biophys J 2023; 122:4303-4315. [PMID: 37837192 PMCID: PMC10698282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small protrusions that mediate most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Initially, the anatomical structure of spines has suggested that they serve as isolated biochemical and electrical compartments. Indeed, following ample experimental evidence, it is now widely accepted that a significant physiological role of spines is to provide biochemical compartmentalization in signal integration and plasticity in the nervous system. In contrast to the clear biochemical role of spines, their electrical role is uncertain and is currently being debated. This is mainly because spines are small and not accessible to conventional experimental methods of electrophysiology. Here, I focus on reviewing the literature on the electrical properties of spines, including the initial morphological and theoretical modeling studies, indirect experimental approaches based on measurements of diffusional resistance of the spine neck, indirect experimental methods using two-photon uncaging of glutamate on spine synapses, optical imaging of intracellular calcium concentration changes, and voltage imaging with organic and genetically encoded voltage-sensitive probes. The interpretation of evidence from different preparations obtained with different methods has yet to reach a consensus, with some analyses rejecting and others supporting an electrical role of spines in regulating synaptic signaling. Thus, there is a need for a critical comparison of the advantages and limitations of different methodological approaches. The only experimental study on electrical signaling monitored optically with adequate sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution using voltage-sensitive dyes concluded that mushroom spines on basal dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons in brain slices have no electrical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Zecevic
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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7
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Aghigh A, Bancelin S, Rivard M, Pinsard M, Ibrahim H, Légaré F. Second harmonic generation microscopy: a powerful tool for bio-imaging. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:43-70. [PMID: 36909955 PMCID: PMC9995455 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-01041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is an important optical imaging technique in a variety of applications. This article describes the history and physical principles of SHG microscopy and its more advanced variants, as well as their strengths and weaknesses in biomedical applications. It also provides an overview of SHG and advanced SHG imaging in neuroscience and microtubule imaging and how these methods can aid in understanding microtubule formation, structuration, and involvement in neuronal function. Finally, we offer a perspective on the future of these methods and how technological advancements can help make SHG microscopy a more widely adopted imaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Aghigh
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, QC Canada
| | | | - Maxime Rivard
- National Research Council Canada, Boucherville, QC Canada
| | - Maxime Pinsard
- Institut National de Recherche en Sciences Et Technologies Pour L’environnement Et L’agriculture, Paris, France
| | - Heide Ibrahim
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, QC Canada
| | - François Légaré
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, QC Canada
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Righes Marafiga J, Calcagnotto ME. Electrophysiology of Dendritic Spines: Information Processing, Dynamic Compartmentalization, and Synaptic Plasticity. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 34:103-141. [PMID: 37962795 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36159-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
For many years, synaptic transmission was considered as information transfer between presynaptic neuron and postsynaptic cell. At the synaptic level, it was thought that dendritic arbors were only receiving and integrating all information flow sent along to the soma, while axons were primarily responsible for point-to-point information transfer. However, it is important to highlight that dendritic spines play a crucial role as postsynaptic components in central nervous system (CNS) synapses, not only integrating and filtering signals to the soma but also facilitating diverse connections with axons from many different sources. The majority of excitatory connections from presynaptic axonal terminals occurs on postsynaptic spines, although a subset of GABAergic synapses also targets spine heads. Several studies have shown the vast heterogeneous morphological, biochemical, and functional features of dendritic spines related to synaptic processing. In this chapter (adding to the relevant data on the biophysics of spines described in Chap. 1 of this book), we address the up-to-date functional dendritic characteristics assessed through electrophysiological approaches, including backpropagating action potentials (bAPs) and synaptic potentials mediated in dendritic and spine compartmentalization, as well as describing the temporal and spatial dynamics of glutamate receptors in the spines related to synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseane Righes Marafiga
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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9
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Page EF, Blake MJ, Foley GA, Calhoun TR. Monitoring membranes: The exploration of biological bilayers with second harmonic generation. CHEMICAL PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:041307. [PMID: 36536669 PMCID: PMC9756348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nature's seemingly controlled chaos in heterogeneous two-dimensional cell membranes stands in stark contrast to the precise, often homogeneous, environment in an experimentalist's flask or carefully designed material system. Yet cell membranes can play a direct role, or serve as inspiration, in all fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering. Our understanding of these ubiquitous structures continues to evolve despite over a century of study largely driven by the application of new technologies. Here, we review the insight afforded by second harmonic generation (SHG), a nonlinear optical technique. From potential measurements to adsorption and diffusion on both model and living systems, SHG complements existing techniques while presenting a large exploratory space for new discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F. Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Marea J. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Grant A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Tessa R. Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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10
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Zhao Y, Fuji T. Two-dimensional free space electric field imaging using electric field induced second harmonic generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:2999-3002. [PMID: 35709035 DOI: 10.1364/ol.460742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach for the measurement of the localized electric field distribution in air using electric field induced second harmonic generation combined with a microscopic imaging technique. This method only needs two snapshot second harmonic images with orthogonal polarizations to obtain the two-dimensional spatial distribution of the intensity and direction of the electric field. The distribution of a local electric field was clearly measured with a spatial resolution of 8.8 µm by using this method. The measurement of a single second harmonic image takes 5 s by using a 5 kHz repetition rate femtosecond laser.
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11
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Hou Y, Li J, Li B, Yuan Q, Gan W. Combined Second Harmonic Generation and Fluorescence Analyses of the Structures and Dynamics of Molecules on Lipids Using Dual-Probes: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123778. [PMID: 35744902 PMCID: PMC9231091 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Revealing the structures and dynamic behaviors of molecules on lipids is crucial for understanding the mechanism behind the biophysical processes, such as the preparation and application of drug delivery vesicles. Second harmonic generation (SHG) has been developed as a powerful tool to investigate the molecules on various lipid membranes, benefiting from its natural property of interface selectivity, which comes from the principle of even order nonlinear optics. Fluorescence emission, which is in principle not interface selective but varies with the chemical environment where the chromophores locate, can reveal the dynamics of molecules on lipids. In this contribution, we review some examples, which are mainly from our recent works focusing on the application of combined spectroscopic methods, i.e., SHG and two-photon fluorescence (TPF), in studying the dynamic behaviors of several dyes or drugs on lipids and surfactants. This review demonstrates that molecules with both SHG and TPF efficiencies may be used as intrinsic dual-probes in plotting a clear physical picture of their own behaviors, as well as the dynamics of other molecules, on lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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de Coene Y, Jooken S, Deschaume O, Van Steenbergen V, Vanden Berghe P, Van den Haute C, Baekelandt V, Callewaert G, Van Cleuvenbergen S, Verbiest T, Bartic C, Clays K. Label-Free Imaging of Membrane Potentials by Intramembrane Field Modulation, Assessed by Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200205. [PMID: 35355419 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical interrogation of cellular electrical activity has proven itself essential for understanding cellular function and communication in complex networks. Voltage-sensitive dyes are important tools for assessing excitability but these highly lipophilic sensors may affect cellular function. Label-free techniques offer a major advantage as they eliminate the need for these external probes. In this work, it is shown that endogenous second-harmonic generation (SHG) from live cells is highly sensitive to changes in transmembrane potential (TMP). Simultaneous electrophysiological control of a living human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cell, through a whole-cell voltage-clamp reveals a linear relation between the SHG intensity and membrane voltage. The results suggest that due to the high ionic strengths and fast optical response of biofluids, membrane hydration is not the main contributor to the observed field sensitivity. A conceptual framework is further provided that indicates that the SHG voltage sensitivity reflects the electric field within the biological asymmetric lipid bilayer owing to a nonzero χeff(2) tensor. Changing the TMP without surface modifications such as electrolyte screening offers high optical sensitivity to membrane voltage (≈40% per 100 mV), indicating the power of SHG for label-free read-out. These results hold promise for the design of a non-invasive label-free read-out tool for electrogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovan de Coene
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stijn Jooken
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Olivier Deschaume
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Valérie Van Steenbergen
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), TAGRID, Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing, Ku Leuven, ON I Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), TAGRID, Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing, Ku Leuven, ON I Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Ku Leuven, RK-Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Ku Leuven, RK-Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Geert Callewaert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ku Leuven, KULAK Kortrijk Campus, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk, 8500, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Cleuvenbergen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Thierry Verbiest
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Koen Clays
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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13
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Riazanski V, Mauleon G, Zimnicka AM, Chen S, Nelson DJ. Phagosomal chloride dynamics in the alveolar macrophage. iScience 2022; 25:103636. [PMID: 35024579 PMCID: PMC8733233 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidification in intracellular organelles is tightly linked to the influx of Cl- counteracting proton translocation by the electrogenic V-ATPase. We quantified the dynamics of Cl- transfer accompanying cargo incorporation into single phagosomes in alveolar macrophages (AMs). Phagosomal Cl- concentration and acidification magnitude were followed in real time with maximal acidification achieved at levels of approximately 200 mM. Live cell confocal microscopy verified that phagosomal Cl- influx utilized predominantly the Cl- channel CFTR. Relative levels of elemental chlorine (Cl) in hard X-ray fluorescence microprobe (XFM) analysis within single phagosomes validated the increase in Cl- content. XFM revealed the complex interplay between elemental K content inside the phagosome and changes in Cl- during phagosomal particle uptake. Cl- -dependent changes in phagosomal membrane potential were obtained using second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. These studies provide a mechanistic insight for screening studies in drug development targeting pulmonary inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Riazanski
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, 947 E. 58th Street, MC 0926, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Gerardo Mauleon
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, 947 E. 58th Street, MC 0926, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Adriana M. Zimnicka
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, 947 E. 58th Street, MC 0926, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Si Chen
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Deborah J. Nelson
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, 947 E. 58th Street, MC 0926, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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14
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Cornejo
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Netanel Ofer
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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15
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Bouquiaux C, Castet F, Champagne B. Unravelling the Effects of Cholesterol on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Di-8-ANEPPS Dye Embedded in Phosphatidylcholine Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10195-10212. [PMID: 34491062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is known for its role in maintaining the correct fluidity and rigidity of the animals cell membranes and thus their functions. Assessing the content and the role of cholesterol in lipid bilayers is therefore of crucial importance for a deeper understanding and control of membrane functioning. In this computational work, we investigate bilayers built from three types of glycerophospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, namely dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and containing different amounts of cholesterol by analyzing the second-harmonic generation (SHG) nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a probe molecule, di-8-ANEPPS, inserted into the membranes. This molecular property presents the advantage to be specific to interfacial regions such as lipid bilayers. To unravel these effects, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on both DPPC and DOPC lipids by varying the cholesterol mole fraction (from 0 to 0.66), while POPC was only considered as a pure bilayer. In the case of the structural properties of the bilayers, all the analyses converge toward the same conclusion: as the mole fraction of cholesterol increases, the systems become more rigid, confirming the condensing effect of cholesterol. In addition, the chromophore is progressively more aligned with respect to the normal to the bilayer. On the contrary, addition of unsaturation disorders the lipid bilayers, with barely no impact on the alignment of the chromophore. Then, using the frames obtained from the MD simulations, the first hyperpolarizability β of the dye in its environment has been computed at the TDDFT level. On the one hand, the addition of cholesterol induces a progressive increase of the diagonal component the β tensor parallel to the bilayer normal. On the other hand, larger β values have been calculated for the unsaturated than for the saturated lipid systems. In summary, this study illustrates the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayers and the NLO responses of the embedded dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- , Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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16
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Mizuguchi T, Nuriya M. Applications of second harmonic generation (SHG)/sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging for biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4. [PMID: 33108561 PMCID: PMC7755958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer of < 10 nm width that separates intra- and extra-cellular environments and serves as the site of cell-cell communication, as well as communication between cells and the extracellular environment. As such, biophysical phenomena at and around the plasma membrane play key roles in determining cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Thus, the selective visualization and characterization of the plasma membrane are crucial aspects of research in wide areas of biology and medicine. However, the specific characterization of the plasma membrane has been a challenge using conventional imaging techniques, which are unable to effectively distinguish between signals arising from the plasma membrane and those from intracellular lipid structures. In this regard, interface-specific second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging demonstrate great potential. When combined with exogenous SHG/SFG active dyes, SHG/SFG can specifically highlight the plasma membrane as the most prominent interface associated with cells. Furthermore, SHG/SFG imaging can be readily extended to multimodal multiphoton microscopy with simultaneous occurrence of other multiphoton phenomena, including multiphoton excitation and coherent Raman scattering, which shed light on the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane from different perspectives. Here, we review traditional and current applications, as well as the prospects of long-known but unexplored SHG/SFG imaging techniques in biophysics, with special focus on their use in the biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
- Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
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17
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Di Maio V, Santillo S, Ventriglia F. Synaptic dendritic activity modulates the single synaptic event. Cogn Neurodyn 2020; 15:279-297. [PMID: 33854645 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-020-09607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission is the key system for the information transfer and elaboration among neurons. Nevertheless, a synapse is not a standing alone structure but it is a part of a population of synapses inputting the information from several neurons on a specific area of the dendritic tree of a single neuron. This population consists of excitatory and inhibitory synapses the inputs of which drive the postsynaptic membrane potential in the depolarizing (excitatory synapses) or depolarizing (inhibitory synapses) direction modulating in such a way the postsynaptic membrane potential. The postsynaptic response of a single synapse depends on several biophysical factors the most important of which is the value of the membrane potential at which the response occurs. The concurrence in a specific time window of inputs by several synapses located in a specific area of the dendritic tree can, consequently, modulate the membrane potential such to severely influence the single postsynaptic response. The degree of modulation operated by the synaptic population depends on the number of synapses active, on the relative proportion between excitatory and inbibitory synapses belonging to the population and on their specific mean firing frequencies. In the present paper we show results obtained by the simulation of the activity of a single Glutamatergic excitatory synapse under the influence of two different populations composed of the same proportion of excitatory and inhibitory synapses but having two different sizes (total number of synapses). The most relevant conclusion of the present simulations is that the information transferred by the single synapse is not and independent simple transition between a pre- and a postsynaptic neuron but is the result of the cooperation of all the synapses which concurrently try to transfer the information to the postsynaptic neuron in a given time window. This cooperativeness is mainly operated by a simple mechanism of modulation of the postsynaptic membrane potential which influences the amplitude of the different components forming the postsynaptic excitatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Maio
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI) of CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Silvia Santillo
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI) of CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Ventriglia
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI) of CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
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18
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Bando Y, Sakamoto M, Kim S, Ayzenshtat I, Yuste R. Comparative Evaluation of Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicators. Cell Rep 2020; 26:802-813.e4. [PMID: 30650368 PMCID: PMC7075032 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging voltage using fluorescent-based sensors could be an ideal technique to probe neural circuits with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, due to insufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), imaging membrane potential in mammalian preparations is still challenging. In recent years, many genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) have been developed. To compare them and guide decisions on which GEVI to use, we have characterized side by side the performance of eight GEVIs that represent different families of molecular constructs. We tested GEVIs in vitro with 1-photon imaging and in vivo with 1-photon wide-field imaging and 2-photon imaging. We find that QuasAr2 exhibited the best performance in vitro, whereas only ArcLight-MT could be used to reliably detect electrical activity in vivo with 2-photon excitation. No single GEVI was ideal for every experiment. These results provide a guide for choosing optimal GEVIs for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Bando
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Masayuki Sakamoto
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Samuel Kim
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Inbal Ayzenshtat
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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19
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Bouquiaux C, Tonnelé C, Castet F, Champagne B. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of an Amphiphilic Dye Embedded in a Lipid Bilayer. A Combined Molecular Dynamics–Quantum Chemistry Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2101-2109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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20
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Momotake A, Mizuguchi T, Hishida M, Yamamoto Y, Yasui M, Nuriya M. Monitoring the morphological evolution of giant vesicles by azo dye-based sum-frequency generation (SFG) microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110716. [PMID: 31865122 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, dye-based sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging using sodium 4-[4-(dibutylamino)phenylazo]benzenesulfonate (butyl orange, BO) as a new non-fluorescent specific azo dye is employed to monitor the morphological evolution of giant vesicles (GVs). After loading BO to the membrane of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) single-component GVs, the outermost membranes were clearly visualized using SFG microscopy, which provided images of the distinct outer and inner faces of the lipid bilayers. In addition, SFG-active vesicles were detected also inside the GVs, depending on the dye concentrations. The dye-based SFG imaging technique provided experimental evidence that these oligolamellar vesicles containing an SFG-active interior had been formed after BO loading. The formation process of the oligolamellar vesicles with inner SFG-active vesicles was successfully monitored, and their formation mechanism was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuya Momotake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Mafumi Hishida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
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21
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Lee HJ, Jiang Y, Cheng JX. Label-free Optical Imaging of Membrane Potential. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019; 12:118-125. [PMID: 32864527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Offering high temporal resolution, voltage imaging is an important and essential technique in neuroscience. Among different optical imaging approaches, the label-free approach remains attractive due to its unique value coming from free of exogenous chromophores. The intrinsic voltage-indicating signals arising from membrane deformation, membrane spectral change, phase shift, light scattering, and membrane hydration haven been reported. First demonstrated 70 years ago, label-free optical imaging of membrane potential is still at an early stage and the field is challenged by the relatively small signals generated by the intrinsic optical properties. We review major contrast mechanisms used for label-free voltage imaging and discuss several recent exciting advances that could potentially enable membrane potential imaging in mammalian neurons at high speed and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Lee
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Ying Jiang
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.,Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
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22
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Wu W, Liu X, Chen SL, Yuan Q, Gan W. Particle adsorption at the oil-water interface studied with second harmonic generation. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7672-7677. [PMID: 31490517 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01125k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, energetics of the adsorption of polystyrene nanoparticles at the hexadecane-water interface was studied with second harmonic generation. The adsorption of positively and negatively charged nanoparticles at the oil-water interface induced a decrease and an increase in the SHG emission from the interface, respectively. This change in the SHG emission, which is similar to that upon the adsorption of ionic surfactants at the hexadecane-water interface, which we reported previously, was then used as an indicator of particle adsorption at the interface. The adsorption free energies of the particles with a diameter of 20 nm at the hexadecane-water interface were found to be -14.7 ± 0.5 kcal mol-1, -14.4 ± 0.4 kcal mol-1 and -15.1 ± 0.3 kcal mol-1 for the amidine, carboxyl and sulfate latex beads, respectively. This result implied that the van der Waals interaction between the oil phase and the polystyrene particles is capable of driving negatively charged particles to the negatively charged hexadecane-water interface. The principle of like dissolves like played a major role in the adsorption of polystyrene particles from the aqueous phase to the oil-water interface. The origin of the SHG emission from the oil-water interface was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shun-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Lim H. Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:99. [PMID: 31649934 PMCID: PMC6794408 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical harmonic generation, e.g., second- (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG), provides intrinsic contrasts for three-dimensional intravital microscopy. Contrary to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), however, they have found relatively specialized applications, such as imaging collagenous and non-specific tissues, respectively. Here we review recent advances that broaden the capacity of SHG and THG for imaging the central nervous system in particular. The fundamental contrast mechanisms are reviewed as they encode novel information including molecular origin, spectroscopy, functional probes, and image analysis, which lay foundations for promising future applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsik Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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24
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Miller LN, Brewer WT, Williams JD, Fozo EM, Calhoun TR. Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy of Membrane Probe Dynamics in Gram-Positive Bacteria. Biophys J 2019; 117:1419-1428. [PMID: 31586521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membranes are complex mixtures with dispersity that is dynamic over scales of both space and time. To capture adsorption onto and transport within these mixtures, we conduct simultaneous second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon fluorescence measurements on two different gram-positive bacterial species as the cells uptake membrane-specific probe molecules. Our results show that SHG not only can monitor the movement of small molecules across membrane leaflets but also is sensitive to higher-level ordering of the molecules within the membrane. Further, we show that the membranes of Staphylococcus aureus remain more dynamic after longer times at room temperature in comparison to Enterococcus faecalis. Our findings provide insight into the variability of activities seen between structurally similar molecules in gram-positive bacteria while also demonstrating the power of SHG to examine these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - William T Brewer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Julia D Williams
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth M Fozo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Tessa R Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
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25
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Abstract
As a "holy grail" of neuroscience, optical imaging of membrane potential could enable high resolution measurements of spiking and synaptic activity in neuronal populations. This has been partly achieved using organic voltage-sensitive dyes in vitro, or in invertebrate preparations yet unspecific staining has prevented single-cell resolution measurements from mammalian preparations in vivo. The development of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) and chemogenetic sensors has enabled targeting voltage indicators to plasma membranes and selective neuronal populations. Here, we review recent advances in the design and use of genetic voltage indicators and discuss advantages and disadvantages of three classes of them. Although genetic voltage indicators could revolutionize neuroscience, there are still significant challenges, particularly two-photon performance. To overcome them may require cross-disciplinary collaborations, team effort, and sustained support by large-scale research initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Bando
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Present address: Department Organ and Tissue Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Christiane Grimm
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Victor H Cornejo
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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26
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Andreana M, Sentosa R, Erkkilä MT, Drexler W, Unterhuber A. Depth resolved label-free multimodal optical imaging platform to study morpho-molecular composition of tissue. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:997-1008. [PMID: 30882117 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging platforms offer a vast array of tissue information in a single image acquisition by combining complementary imaging techniques. By merging different systems, better tissue characterization can be achieved than is possible by the constituent imaging modalities alone. The combination of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with non-linear optical imaging (NLOI) techniques such as two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) provides access to detailed information of tissue structure and molecular composition in a fast, label-free and non-invasive manner. We introduce a multimodal label-free approach for morpho-molecular imaging and spectroscopy and validate the system in mouse skin demonstrating the potential of the system for colocalized acquisition of OCT and NLOI signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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27
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Optical second harmonic generation microscopy: application to the sensitive detection of cell membrane damage. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:399-408. [PMID: 31073956 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process which is sensitive to the symmetry of media. SHG microscopy allows for selective probing of a non-centrosymmetric area of sample. This type of nonlinear optical microscope was first used to observe ferroelectric domains and has been applied to various specimens including the biological samples to date. Imaging of the endogenous SHG of biological tissue has been utilized for the selective observation of filament systems in tissues such as collagen, myosin, and microtubules, which exhibit a polar structure. The cellular membrane can be selectively observed by the SHG microscope through membrane staining with amphiphilic polar dye molecules. It has been reported that, by imaging exogenous SHG of the membrane, sensitive detection of membrane damage could be realized using the SHG microscope. Because the staining dye is fluorescent, both SHG and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPF) images can be obtained simultaneously. How the SHG intensity depends on the molecular alignment of the polar dye molecules that reflects the ordering of lipid molecules in the plasma membrane and the necessity of the normalization of the SHG intensity by the TPF intensity is discussed. Furthermore, the assessment of the membrane damage induced by exposing polycation to HeLa cells has been compared with the conventional cytotoxicity and cell viability tests to demonstrate the higher sensitivity of the present SHG-based assay.
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Liu Q, Bi C, Li J, Liu X, Peng R, Jin C, Sun Y, Lyu Y, Liu H, Wang H, Luo C, Tan W. Generating Giant Membrane Vesicles from Live Cells with Preserved Cellular Properties. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2019; 2019:6523970. [PMID: 31549076 PMCID: PMC6750080 DOI: 10.34133/2019/6523970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic giant membrane vesicles, with size and lipid compositions comparable to cells, have been recognized as an attractive experimental alternative to living systems. Due to the similarity of their membrane structure to that of body cells, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles have been used as a membrane model for studying lipid/protein behavior of plasma membranes. However, further application of biomimetic giant membrane vesicles has been hampered by the side-effects of chemical vesiculants and the utilization of osmotic buffer. We herein develop a facile strategy to derive giant membrane vesicles (GMVs) from mammalian cells in biofriendly medium with high yields. These GMVs preserve membrane properties and adaptability for surface modification and encapsulation of exogenous molecules, which would facilitate their potential biological applications. Moreover, by loading GMVs with therapeutic drugs, GMVs could be employed for drug transport to tumor cells, which represents another step forward in the biomedical application of giant membrane vesicles. This study highlights biocompatible GMVs with biomimicking membrane surface properties and adaptability as an ideal platform for drug delivery strategies with potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Bi
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangling Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruizi Peng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Lyu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Luo
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health Cancer Center, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Belianinov A, Ievlev AV, Lorenz M, Borodinov N, Doughty B, Kalinin SV, Fernández FM, Ovchinnikova OS. Correlated Materials Characterization via Multimodal Chemical and Functional Imaging. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11798-11818. [PMID: 30422627 PMCID: PMC9850281 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal chemical imaging simultaneously offers high-resolution chemical and physical information with nanoscale and, in select cases, atomic resolution. By coupling modalities that collect physical and chemical information, we can address scientific problems in biological systems, battery and fuel cell research, catalysis, pharmaceuticals, photovoltaics, medicine, and many others. The combined systems enable the local correlation of material properties with chemical makeup, making fundamental questions of how chemistry and structure drive functionality approachable. In this Review, we present recent progress and offer a perspective for chemical imaging used to characterize a variety of samples by a number of platforms. Specifically, we present cases of infrared and Raman spectroscopies combined with scanning probe microscopy; optical microscopy and mass spectrometry; nonlinear optical microscopy; and, finally, ion, electron, and probe microscopies with mass spectrometry. We also discuss the challenges associated with the use of data originated by the combinatorial hardware, analysis, and machine learning as well as processing tools necessary for the interpretation of multidimensional data acquired from multimodal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Belianinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anton V. Ievlev
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthias Lorenz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Nikolay Borodinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sergei V. Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology and Petit Institute for Biochemistry and Bioscience, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Olga S. Ovchinnikova
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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Membrane water for probing neuronal membrane potentials and ionic fluxes at the single cell level. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5287. [PMID: 30538243 PMCID: PMC6289965 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07713-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons communicate through electrochemical signaling within a complex network. These signals are composed of changes in membrane potentials and are traditionally measured with the aid of (toxic) fluorescent labels or invasive electrical probes. Here, we demonstrate an improvement in label-free second harmonic neuroimaging sensitivity by ~3 orders of magnitude using a wide-field medium repetition rate illumination. We perform a side-by-side patch-clamp and second harmonic imaging comparison to demonstrate the theoretically predicted linear correlation between whole neuron membrane potential changes and the square root of the second harmonic intensity. We assign the ion induced changes to the second harmonic intensity to changes in the orientation of membrane interfacial water, which is used to image spatiotemporal changes in the membrane potential and K+ ion flux. We observe a non-uniform spatial distribution and temporal activity of ion channels in mouse brain neurons. Non-invasive spatiotemporal probing of electric potentials in living neurons without chemical or genetic modification provides a major advancement to neuroscience. Here, the authors demonstrate the use of membrane water as a probe for neuronal membrane potentials and ionic flux.
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Mizuguchi T, Yasui M, Nuriya M. High-Resolution Plasma Membrane-Selective Imaging by Second Harmonic Generation. iScience 2018; 9:359-366. [PMID: 30466062 PMCID: PMC6249386 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is the site of intercellular communication and subsequent intracellular signal transduction. The specific visualization of the plasma membrane in living cells, however, is difficult using fluorescence-based techniques owing to the high background signals from intracellular organelles. In this study, we show that second harmonic generation (SHG) is a high-resolution plasma membrane-selective imaging technique that enables multifaceted investigations of the plasma membrane. In contrast to fluorescence imaging, SHG specifically visualizes the plasma membrane at locations that are not attached to artificial substrates and allows high-resolution imaging because of its subresolution nature. These properties were exploited to measure the distances from the plasma membrane to subcortical actin and tubulin fibers, revealing the precise cytoskeletal organization beneath the plasma membrane. Thus, SHG imaging enables the specific visualization of phenomena at the plasma membrane with unprecedented precision and versatility and should facilitate cell biology research focused on the plasma membrane. Dye-based SHG imaging can specifically visualize the plasma membrane SHG imaging can identify the location of the plasma membrane with high precision Multimodal imaging reveals the precise organization of subcortical cytoskeletons
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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32
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Khadria A, Fleischhauer J, Boczarow I, Wilkinson JD, Kohl MM, Anderson HL. Porphyrin Dyes for Nonlinear Optical Imaging of Live Cells. iScience 2018; 4:153-163. [PMID: 30240737 PMCID: PMC6147020 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG)-based probes are useful for nonlinear optical imaging of biological structures, such as the plasma membrane. Several amphiphilic porphyrin-based dyes with high SHG coefficients have been synthesized with different hydrophilic head groups, and their cellular targeting has been studied. The probes with cationic head groups localize better at the plasma membrane than the neutral probes with zwitterionic or non-charged ethylene glycol-based head groups. Porphyrin dyes with only dications as hydrophilic head groups localize inside HEK293T cells to give SHG, whereas tricationic dyes localize robustly at the plasma membrane of cells, including neurons, in vitro and ex vivo. The copper(II) complex of the tricationic dye with negligible fluorescence quantum yield works as an SHG-only dye. The free-base tricationic dye has been demonstrated for two-photon fluorescence and SHG-based multimodal imaging. This study demonstrates the importance of a balance between the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of amphiphilic dyes for effective plasma membrane localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjul Khadria
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jan Fleischhauer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Igor Boczarow
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - James D Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Michael M Kohl
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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33
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Kwon T, Sakamoto M, Peterka DS, Yuste R. Attenuation of Synaptic Potentials in Dendritic Spines. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1100-1110. [PMID: 28768195 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines receive the majority of excitatory inputs in many mammalian neurons, but their biophysical properties and exact role in dendritic integration are still unclear. Here, we study spine electrical properties in cultured hippocampal neurons using an improved genetically encoded voltage indicator (ArcLight) and two-photon glutamate uncaging. We find that back-propagating action potentials (bAPs) fully invade dendritic spines. However, uncaging excitatory post-synaptic potentials (uEPSPs) generated by glutamate photorelease, ranging from 4 to 27 mV in amplitude, are attenuated by up to 4-fold as they propagate to the parent dendrites. Finally, the simultaneous occurrence of bAPs and uEPSPs results in sublinear summation of membrane potential. Our results demonstrate that spines can behave as electric compartments, reducing the synaptic inputs injected into the cell, while receiving bAPs are unmodified. The attenuation of EPSPs by spines could have important repercussions for synaptic plasticity and dendritic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taekyung Kwon
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Masayuki Sakamoto
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Darcy S Peterka
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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34
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Tsemperouli M, Sugihara K. Characterization of di-4-ANEPPS with nano-black lipid membranes. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:1090-1098. [PMID: 29271448 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a platform based on lateral nano-black lipid membranes (nano-BLMs), where electrical measurements and fluorescence microscopy setup are combined, for the calibration of di-4-ANEPPS, a common voltage sensitive dye (VSD). The advantage of this setup is (1) its flexibility in the choice of lipids and applied voltages, (2) its high stability that enables a high voltage (500 mV) application and long-time measurements and (3) its fluorescence microscopy readout, which can be directly correlated with other fluorescence microscopy experiments using VSDs (e.g. membrane potential measurements in living cells). Using this setup, we observed that the calibration curve of di-4-ANEPPS is strongly dependent on the net electric charge of the lipids. The developed setup can be used to calibrate VSDs in different lipid environments in order to better understand their fundamental voltage-sensing mechanism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsemperouli
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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35
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Jayant K, Hirtz JJ, Plante IJL, Tsai DM, De Boer WDAM, Semonche A, Peterka DS, Owen JS, Sahin O, Shepard KL, Yuste R. Targeted intracellular voltage recordings from dendritic spines using quantum-dot-coated nanopipettes. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:335-342. [PMID: 27941898 PMCID: PMC5901699 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are the primary site of excitatory synaptic input onto neurons, and are biochemically isolated from the parent dendritic shaft by their thin neck. However, due to the lack of direct electrical recordings from spines, the influence that the neck resistance has on synaptic transmission, and the extent to which spines compartmentalize voltage, specifically excitatory postsynaptic potentials, albeit critical, remains controversial. Here, we use quantum-dot-coated nanopipette electrodes (tip diameters ∼15-30 nm) to establish the first intracellular recordings from targeted spine heads under two-photon visualization. Using simultaneous somato-spine electrical recordings, we find that back propagating action potentials fully invade spines, that excitatory postsynaptic potentials are large in the spine head (mean 26 mV) but are strongly attenuated at the soma (0.5-1 mV) and that the estimated neck resistance (mean 420 MΩ) is large enough to generate significant voltage compartmentalization. Nanopipettes can thus be used to electrically probe biological nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Jayant
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to K.J.,
| | - Jan J. Hirtz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Ilan Jen-La Plante
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - David M. Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Wieteke D. A. M. De Boer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Alexa Semonche
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Darcy S. Peterka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Shepard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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36
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Zancan M, Dall'Oglio A, Quagliotto E, Rasia‐Filho AA. Castration alters the number and structure of dendritic spines in the male posterodorsal medial amygdala. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:572-580. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Zancan
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology Federal University of Health Sciences Sarmento Leite 245 Porto Alegre RS 90050‐170 Brazil
- Graduation Program in Neuroscience Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Aline Dall'Oglio
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology Federal University of Health Sciences Sarmento Leite 245 Porto Alegre RS 90050‐170 Brazil
| | - Edson Quagliotto
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology Federal University of Health Sciences Sarmento Leite 245 Porto Alegre RS 90050‐170 Brazil
| | - Alberto A. Rasia‐Filho
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology Federal University of Health Sciences Sarmento Leite 245 Porto Alegre RS 90050‐170 Brazil
- Graduation Program in Neuroscience Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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37
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Nadort A, Zhao J, Goldys EM. Lanthanide upconversion luminescence at the nanoscale: fundamentals and optical properties. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:13099-130. [PMID: 26986473 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08477f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion photoluminescence is a nonlinear effect where multiple lower energy excitation photons produce higher energy emission photons. This fundamentally interesting process has many applications in biomedical imaging, light source and display technology, and solar energy harvesting. In this review we discuss the underlying physical principles and their modelling using rate equations. We discuss how the understanding of photophysical processes enabled a strategic influence over the optical properties of upconversion especially in rationally designed materials. We subsequently present an overview of recent experimental strategies to control and optimize the optical properties of upconversion nanoparticles, focussing on their emission spectral properties and brightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Nadort
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jiangbo Zhao
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia.
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38
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Nuriya M, Fukushima S, Momotake A, Shinotsuka T, Yasui M, Arai T. Multimodal two-photon imaging using a second harmonic generation-specific dye. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11557. [PMID: 27156702 PMCID: PMC4865818 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging can be used to visualize unique biological phenomena, but currently available dyes limit its application owing to the strong fluorescent signals that they generate together with SHG. Here we report the first non-fluorescent and membrane potential-sensitive SHG-active organic dye Ap3. Ap3 is photostable and generates SH signals at the plasma membrane with virtually no fluorescent signals, in sharp contrast to the previously used fluorescent dye FM4-64. When tested in neurons, Ap3-SHG shows linear membrane potential sensitivity and fast responses to action potentials, and also shows significantly reduced photodamage compared with FM4-64. The SHG-specific nature of Ap3 allows simultaneous and completely independent imaging of SHG signals and fluorescent signals from various reporter molecules, including markers of cellular organelles and intracellular calcium. Therefore, this SHG-specific dye enables true multimodal two-photon imaging in biological samples. Current dyes for second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging strongly fluoresce, limiting their application. Here the authors develop a SHG-specific dye, Ap3, that partitions into cell membranes, displays sensitivity to membrane potential and has virtually no fluorescence emission at SHG imaging wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Shun Fukushima
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Atsuya Momotake
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takanori Shinotsuka
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Arai
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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39
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Antic SD, Empson RM, Knöpfel T. Voltage imaging to understand connections and functions of neuronal circuits. J Neurophysiol 2016; 116:135-52. [PMID: 27075539 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00226.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying brain functions such as cognition and emotions requires monitoring of membrane voltage at the cellular, circuit, and system levels. Seminal voltage-sensitive dye and calcium-sensitive dye imaging studies have demonstrated parallel detection of electrical activity across populations of interconnected neurons in a variety of preparations. A game-changing advance made in recent years has been the conceptualization and development of optogenetic tools, including genetically encoded indicators of voltage (GEVIs) or calcium (GECIs) and genetically encoded light-gated ion channels (actuators, e.g., channelrhodopsin2). Compared with low-molecular-weight calcium and voltage indicators (dyes), the optogenetic imaging approaches are 1) cell type specific, 2) less invasive, 3) able to relate activity and anatomy, and 4) facilitate long-term recordings of individual cells' activities over weeks, thereby allowing direct monitoring of the emergence of learned behaviors and underlying circuit mechanisms. We highlight the potential of novel approaches based on GEVIs and compare those to calcium imaging approaches. We also discuss how novel approaches based on GEVIs (and GECIs) coupled with genetically encoded actuators will promote progress in our knowledge of brain circuits and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan D Antic
- Stem Cell Institute, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Ruth M Empson
- Department of Physiology, Brain Research New Zealand, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and
| | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine and Centre for Neurotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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López-Duarte I, Chairatana P, Wu Y, Pérez-Moreno J, Bennett PM, Reeve JE, Boczarow I, Kaluza W, Hosny NA, Stranks SD, Nicholas RJ, Clays K, Kuimova MK, Anderson HL. Thiophene-based dyes for probing membranes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3792-802. [PMID: 25703541 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of four new cationic dipolar push–pull dyes, together with an evaluation of their photophysical and photobiological characteristics pertinent to imaging membranes by fluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG). All four dyes consist of an N,N-diethylaniline electron-donor conjugated to a pyridinium electron-acceptor via a thiophene bridge, with either vinylene (–CH=CH–) or ethynylene (–C≡C–) linking groups, and with either singly-charged or doubly-charged pyridinium terminals. The absorption and fluorescence behavior of these dyes were compared to a commercially available fluorescent membrane stain, the styryl dye FM4-64. The hyperpolarizabilities of all dyes were compared using hyper-Rayleigh scattering at 800 nm. Cellular uptake, localization, toxicity and phototoxicity were evaluated using tissue cell cultures (HeLa, SK-OV-3 and MDA-231). Replacing the central alkene bridge of FM4-64 with a thiophene does not substantially change the absorption, fluorescence or hyperpolarizability, whereas changing the vinylene-links to ethynylenes shifts the absorption and fluorescence to shorter wavelengths, and reduces the hyperpolarizability by about a factor of two. SHG and fluorescence imaging experiments in live cells showed that the doubly-charged thiophene dyes localize in plasma membranes, and exhibit lower internalization rates compared to FM4-64, resulting in less signal from the cell cytosol. At a typical imaging concentration of 1 μM, the doubly-charged dyes showed no significant light or dark toxicity, whereas the singly-charged dyes are phototoxic even at 0.5 μM. The doubly-charged dyes showed phototoxicity at concentrations greater than 10 μM, although they do not generate singlet oxygen, indicating that the phototoxicity is type I rather than type II. The doubly-charged thiophene dyes are more effective than FM4-64 as SHG dyes for live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael López-Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK OX1 3TA.
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Hu H, Wang K, Long H, Liu W, Wang B, Lu P. Precise Determination of the Crystallographic Orientations in Single ZnS Nanowires by Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:3351-3357. [PMID: 25867087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the systematical study of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) in single zinc sulfide nanowires (ZnS NWs). The high-quality ZnS NWs with round cross-section were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition method. The transmission electron microscopy images show that the actual growth axis has a deviation angle of 0°∼20° with the preferential growth direction [120], which leads to the various polarization-dependent SHG response patterns in different individual ZnS NWs. The SHG response is quite sensitive to the orientations of c axis as well as the (100) and (010) crystal-axis of ZnS NWs; thus, all the three crystal-axis orientations of ZnS NWs are precisely determined by the SHG method. A high SHG conversion efficiency of 7 × 10(-6) is obtained in single ZnS NWs, which shows potential applications in nanoscale ultraviolet light source, nonlinear optical microscopy, and nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Hu
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kai Wang
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hua Long
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bing Wang
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- †Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- ‡Laboratory for Optical Information Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
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Loew LM, Lewis A. Second Harmonic Imaging of Membrane Potential. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 859:473-92. [PMID: 26238065 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17641-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The non-linear optical effect known as second harmonic generation (SHG) has been recognized since the earliest days of the laser. But it has only been in the last 20 years that it has begun to emerge as a viable microscope imaging contrast mechanism for visualization of cell and tissue structure and function. This is because only small modifications are required to equip a standard laser scanning 2-photon microscope for second harmonic imaging microscopy (SHIM). SHG signals from certain membrane-bound dyes are highly sensitive to membrane potential, indicating that SHIM may become a valuable probe of cell physiology. However, for the current generation of dyes and microscopes, the small signal size limits the number of photons that can be collected during the course of a fast action potential. Better dyes and optimized microscope optics could ultimately lead to the ability to image neuronal electrical activity with SHIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M Loew
- Department of Cell Biology, R. D. Berlin Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030-1507, USA,
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Fisher JAN, Salzberg BM. Two-Photon Excitation of Fluorescent Voltage-Sensitive Dyes: Monitoring Membrane Potential in the Infrared. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 859:427-53. [PMID: 26238063 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17641-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Functional imaging microscopy based on voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs) has proven effective for revealing spatio-temporal patterns of activity in vivo and in vitro. Microscopy based on two-photon excitation of fluorescent VSDs offers the possibility of recording sub-millisecond membrane potential changes on micron length scales in cells that lie upwards of one millimeter below the brain's surface. Here we describe progress in monitoring membrane voltage using two-photon excitation (TPE) of VSD fluorescence, and detail an application of this emerging technology in which action potentials were recorded in single trials from individual mammalian nerve terminals in situ. Prospects for, and limitations of this method are reviewed.
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Loew LM. Design and Use of Organic Voltage Sensitive Dyes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 859:27-53. [PMID: 26238048 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17641-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry and the physics of voltage sensitive dyes (VSDs) should be understood and appreciated as a prerequisite for their optimal application to problems in neuroscience cardiology. This chapter provides a basic understanding of the properties of the large variety of available organic VSDs. The mechanisms by which the dyes respond to voltage guides the best set up of the optics for recording or imaging electrophysiological activity. The physical and chemical properties of the dyes can be tuned to optimize delivery to and staining of the cells in different experimental preparations. The aim of this chapter is to arm the experimentalists who use the dyes with enough information and data to be able to intelligently choose the best dye for their specific requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M Loew
- Department of Cell Biology, R. D. Berlin Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030-6406, USA,
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Imaging Submillisecond Membrane Potential Changes from Individual Regions of Single Axons, Dendrites and Spines. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 859:57-101. [PMID: 26238049 PMCID: PMC5671121 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17641-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A central question in neuronal network analysis is how the interaction between individual neurons produces behavior and behavioral modifications. This task depends critically on how exactly signals are integrated by individual nerve cells functioning as complex operational units. Regional electrical properties of branching neuronal processes which determine the input-output function of any neuron are extraordinarily complex, dynamic, and, in the general case, impossible to predict in the absence of detailed measurements. To obtain such a measurement one would, ideally, like to be able to monitor, at multiple sites, subthreshold events as they travel from the sites of origin (synaptic contacts on distal dendrites) and summate at particular locations to influence action potential initiation. It became possible recently to carry out this type of measurement using high-resolution multisite recording of membrane potential changes with intracellular voltage-sensitive dyes. This chapter reviews the development and foundation of the method of voltage-sensitive dye recording from individual neurons. Presently, this approach allows monitoring membrane potential transients from all parts of the dendritic tree as well as from axon collaterals and individual dendritic spines.
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Macias-Romero C, Didier MEP, Jourdain P, Marquet P, Magistretti P, Tarun OB, Zubkovs V, Radenovic A, Roke S. High throughput second harmonic imaging for label-free biological applications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:31102-31112. [PMID: 25607059 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.031102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) is inherently sensitive to the absence of spatial centrosymmetry, which can render it intrinsically sensitive to interfacial processes, chemical changes and electrochemical responses. Here, we seek to improve the imaging throughput of SHG microscopy by using a wide-field imaging scheme in combination with a medium-range repetition rate amplified near infrared femtosecond laser source and gated detection. The imaging throughput of this configuration is tested by measuring the optical image contrast for different image acquisition times of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles in two different wide-field setups and one commercial point-scanning configuration. We find that the second harmonic imaging throughput is improved by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared to point-scan imaging. Capitalizing on this result, we perform low fluence imaging of (parts of) living mammalian neurons in culture.
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Jinno Y, Shoda K, Rial-Verde E, Yuste R, Miyawaki A, Tsutsui H. Engineering a genetically-encoded SHG chromophore by electrostatic targeting to the membrane. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:93. [PMID: 25505870 PMCID: PMC4245886 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy provides unique imaging advantages for voltage imaging and other biological applications, genetically-encoded SHG chromophores remain relatively unexplored. SHG only arises from non-centrosymmetric media, so an anisotropic arrangement of chromophores is essential to provide strong SHG signals. Here, inspired by the mechanism by which K-Ras4B associates with plasma membranes, we sought to achieve asymmetric arrangements of chromophores at the membrane-cytoplasm interface using the fluorescent protein mVenus. After adding a farnesylation motif to the C-terminus of mVenus, nine amino acids composing its β-barrel surface were replaced by lysine, forming an electrostatic patch. This protein (mVe9Knus-CVIM) was efficiently targeted to the plasma membrane in a geometrically defined manner and exhibited SHG in HEK293 cells. In agreement with its design, mVe9Knus-CVIM hyperpolarizability was oriented at a small angle (~7.3°) from the membrane normal. Genetically-encoded SHG chromophores could serve as a molecular platform for imaging membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Jinno
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Suita, Japan
| | - Keiko Shoda
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN Wako, Japan
| | - Emiliano Rial-Verde
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University New York, NY, USA
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN Wako, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tsutsui
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN Wako, Japan ; Formation of and Information Processing by Neural Networks, and Control, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi, Japan ; Department of Material Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Nomi, Japan
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Wilson SA, Millard A, Lewis A, Loew LM. Monitoring membrane potential with second-harmonic generation. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2014; 2014:643-654. [PMID: 24890213 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot081786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This protocol describes the nonlinear optical phenomenon known as second-harmonic generation (SHG) and discusses its special attributes for imaging membrane-potential changes in single cells and multicellular preparations. Undifferentiated N1E-115 mouse neuroblastoma cells are used as a model cellular system for membrane electrophysiology. Styryl and naphthylstyryl dyes, also known as hemicyanines, are a class of electrochromic membrane-staining probes that have been used to monitor membrane potential by fluorescence; they also produce SHG images of cell membranes with SHG intensities that are sensitive to voltage. These experiments allow for the precise characterization of the voltage sensitivity of SHG and identification of the optimal wavelength for the incident laser fundamental light. This protocol presents the steps for the culture, staining, patching, and imaging of cells. The details of the imaging system and the measurements obtained are discussed, as are the prospects of this technology for imaging membrane potential changes in neuronal preparations.
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Sala C, Segal M. Dendritic spines: the locus of structural and functional plasticity. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:141-88. [PMID: 24382885 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of high-resolution time lapse imaging and molecular biological tools has changed dramatically the rate of progress towards the understanding of the complex structure-function relations in synapses of central spiny neurons. Standing issues, including the sequence of molecular and structural processes leading to formation, morphological change, and longevity of dendritic spines, as well as the functions of dendritic spines in neurological/psychiatric diseases are being addressed in a growing number of recent studies. There are still unsettled issues with respect to spine formation and plasticity: Are spines formed first, followed by synapse formation, or are synapses formed first, followed by emergence of a spine? What are the immediate and long-lasting changes in spine properties following exposure to plasticity-producing stimulation? Is spine volume/shape indicative of its function? These and other issues are addressed in this review, which highlights the complexity of molecular pathways involved in regulation of spine structure and function, and which contributes to the understanding of central synaptic interactions in health and disease.
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Sexual behavior and dendritic spine density of posterodorsal medial amygdala neurons in oxytocin knockout female mice. Behav Brain Res 2013; 256:95-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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