1
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Kushal A, Springborn MR, Valdovinos FS. Assessing impacts of bycatch policies and fishers' heterogeneous information on food webs and fishery sustainability. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230181. [PMID: 39034693 PMCID: PMC11293854 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) has emerged as a promising framework for understanding and managing the long-term interactions between fisheries and the larger marine ecosystems in which they are nested. However, successful implementation of EBFM has been elusive because we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the network of interacting species in marine ecosystems (the food web) and the dynamic relationship between the food web and the humans who harvest those ecosystems. Here, we advance such understanding by developing a network framework that integrates the complexity of food webs with the economic dynamics of different management policies. Specifically, we generate hundreds of different food web models with 20-30 species, each harvested by five different fishers extracting the biomass of a target and a bycatch species, subject to two different management scenarios and exhibiting different information in terms of avoiding bycatch when harvesting the target species. We assess the different ecological and economic consequences of these policy alternatives as species extinctions and profit from sustaining the fishery. We present the results of different policies relative to a benchmark open access scenario where there are no management policies in place. The framework of our network model would allow policymakers to evaluate different management approaches without compromising on the ecological complexities of a fishery.This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appilineni Kushal
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Michael R. Springborn
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Fernanda S. Valdovinos
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
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2
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Sadler DE, Watts PC, Uusi-Heikkilä S. Directional selection, not the direction of selection, affects telomere length and copy number at ribosomal RNA loci. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12162. [PMID: 38802448 PMCID: PMC11130246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Many fisheries exert directional selection on traits such as body size and growth rate. Whether directional selection impacts regions of the genome associated with traits related to growth is unknown. To address this issue, we characterised copy number variation in three regions of the genome associated with cell division, (1) telomeric DNA, (2) loci transcribed as ribosomal RNA (rDNA), and (3) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in three selection lines of zebrafish reared at three temperatures (22 °C, 28 °C, and 34 °C). Selection lines differed in (1) the direction of selection (two lines experienced directional selection for large or small body size) and (2) whether they experienced any directional selection itself. Lines that had experienced directional selection were smaller, had lower growth rate, shorter telomeres, and lower rDNA copy number than the line that experiencing no directional selection. Neither telomere length nor rDNA copy number were affected by temperature. In contrast, mtDNA content increased at elevated temperature but did not differ among selection lines. Though directional selection impacts rDNA and telomere length, direction of such selection did not matter, whereas mtDNA acts as a stress marker for temperature. Future work should examine the consequences of these genomic changes in natural fish stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Sadler
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Phillip C Watts
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Silva Uusi-Heikkilä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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3
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Filar JA, Holden MH, Mendiolar M, Streipert SH. Overcoming the impossibility of age-balanced harvest. Math Biosci 2024; 367:109111. [PMID: 37996065 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In many countries, sustainability targets for managed fisheries are often expressed in terms of a fixed percentage of the carrying capacity. Despite the appeal of such a simple quantitative target, an unintended consequence may be a significant tilting of the proportions of biomass across different ages, from what they would have been under harvest-free conditions. Within the framework of a widely used age-structured model, we propose a novel quantitative definition of "age-balanced harvest" that considers the age-class composition relative to that of the unfished population. We show that achieving a perfectly age-balanced policy is impossible if we harvest any fish whatsoever. However, every non-trivial harvest policy has a special structure that favours the young. To quantify the degree of age-imbalance, we propose a cross-entropy function. We formulate an optimisation problem that aims to attain an "age-balanced steady state", subject to adequate yield. We demonstrate that near balanced harvest policies are achievable by sacrificing a small amount of yield. These findings have important implications for sustainable fisheries management by providing insights into trade-offs and harvest policy recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy A Filar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Matthew H Holden
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Manuela Mendiolar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Australia.
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4
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Thompson MSA, Couce E, Schratzberger M, Lynam CP. Climate change affects the distribution of diversity across marine food webs. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6606-6619. [PMID: 37814904 PMCID: PMC10946503 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Many studies predict shifts in species distributions and community size composition in response to climate change, yet few have demonstrated how these changes will be distributed across marine food webs. We use Bayesian Additive Regression Trees to model how climate change will affect the habitat suitability of marine fish species across a range of body sizes and belonging to different feeding guilds, each with different habitat and feeding requirements in the northeast Atlantic shelf seas. Contrasting effects of climate change are predicted for feeding guilds, with spatially extensive decreases in the species richness of consumers lower in the food web (planktivores) but increases for those higher up (piscivores). Changing spatial patterns in predator-prey mass ratios and fish species size composition are also predicted for feeding guilds and across the fish assemblage. In combination, these changes could influence nutrient uptake and transformation, transfer efficiency and food web stability, and thus profoundly alter ecosystem structure and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray S. A. Thompson
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Elena Couce
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Michaela Schratzberger
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Christopher P. Lynam
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
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5
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Chiba S, Iwamoto A, Shimabukuro S, Matsumoto H, Inoue K. Mechanisms that can cause population decline under heavily skewed male-biased adult sex ratios. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:1893-1903. [PMID: 37434418 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
While adult sex ratio (ASR) is a crucial component for population management, there is still a limited understanding of how its fluctuation affects population dynamics. To demonstrate mechanisms that hinder population growth under a biased ASR, we examined changes in reproductive success with ASR using a decapod crustacean exposed to female-selective harvesting. We examined the effect of ASR on the spawning success of females. A laboratory experiment showed that the number of eggs carried by females decreased as the proportion of males in the mating groups increased. Although the same result was not observed in data collected over 25 years in the wild, the negative effect of ASR was suggested when success in carrying eggs was considered as a spawning success. These results indicate that a surplus of males results in females failing to carry eggs, probably due to sexual coercion, and the negative effect of ASR can be detected at the population level only when the bias increases because failure in spawning success occurs in part of population. We experimentally examined how male-biased sex ratios affected the maintenance of genetic diversity in a population. The diversity of paternity in a clutch increased with the number of candidate fathers. However, over 50% of a clutch was fertilised by a single male regardless of the sex ratio, and the degree of diversity was less than half of the highest diversity expected in each mating group. We also experimentally examined the mating ability of males during the breeding season. The experiment showed that multiple mating by males could not compensate for the risk that their genotypes would be lost when multiple males competed for one female. These results suggest that a male-biased ASR could trigger a decline of genetic diversity in a population. We show that ASR skewed by female-selective harvesting decreases reproductive success not only of males that have few mating opportunities but also of females. We discuss that we may still underestimate the significance of ASR on population persistence due to the difficulty of revealing the effect of ASR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Chiba
- Graduate School of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Aya Iwamoto
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Seina Shimabukuro
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Karin Inoue
- Graduate School of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
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6
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Rogers TL, Munch SB, Matsuzaki SIS, Symons CC. Intermittent instability is widespread in plankton communities. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:470-481. [PMID: 36707927 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chaotic dynamics appear to be prevalent in short-lived organisms including plankton and may limit long-term predictability. However, few studies have explored how dynamical stability varies through time, across space and at different taxonomic resolutions. Using plankton time series data from 17 lakes and 4 marine sites, we found seasonal patterns of local instability in many species, that short-term predictability was related to local instability, and that local instability occurred most often in the spring, associated with periods of high growth. Taxonomic aggregates were more stable and more predictable than finer groupings. Across sites, higher latitude locations had higher Lyapunov exponents and greater seasonality in local instability, but only at coarser taxonomic resolution. Overall, these results suggest that prediction accuracy, sensitivity to change and management efficacy may be greater at certain times of year and that prediction will be more feasible for taxonomic aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya L Rogers
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Stephan B Munch
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, USA.,Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | | | - Celia C Symons
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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7
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Sørdalen TK, Halvorsen KT, Olsen EM. Protection from fishing improves body growth of an exploited species. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221718. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hunting and fishing are often size-selective, which favours slow body growth. In addition, fast growth rate has been shown to be positively correlated with behavioural traits that increase encounter rates and catchability in passive fishing gears such as baited traps. This harvest-induced selection should be effectively eliminated in no-take marine-protected areas (MPAs) unless strong density dependence results in reduced growth rates. We compared body growth of European lobster (
Homarus gammarus
) between three MPAs and three fished areas. After 14 years of protection from intensive, size-selective lobster fisheries, the densities in MPAs have increased considerably, and we demonstrate that females moult more frequently and grow more during each moult in the MPAs. A similar, but weaker pattern was evident for males. This study suggests that MPAs can shield a wild population from slow-growth selection, which can explain the rapid recovery of size structure following implementation. If slow-growth selection is a widespread phenomenon in fisheries, the effectiveness of MPAs as a management tool can be higher than currently anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Knutsen Sørdalen
- Centre for Coastal Research, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen, Nye Flødevigvei 20, N-4817 His, Norway
| | | | - Esben Moland Olsen
- Centre for Coastal Research, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen, Nye Flødevigvei 20, N-4817 His, Norway
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8
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Tate EG, Pitt AL, Little MD, Tavano JJ, Nickerson MA. Factors contributing to the range expansion and population increase of a native generalist species. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ecological communities are becoming more typified by generalist species in conjunction with anthropogenic activities. Using a long-term dataset (1968-2019), we documented the expansion of a native generalist species, the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans), into a river community, and studied the subsequent population changes that occurred in conjunction with short- and long-term changes within the ecosystem. Trachemys scripta elegans was able to expand into a new geographic area following a harvesting-induced population decline of a native competitor, the northern map turtle (Graptemys geographica). The population of T. s. elegans remained small for approximately 2.5 decades, then significantly increased in conjunction with habitat degradation in the form of increased silt/sediment deposits and nuisance aquatic vegetation growth. Our results demonstrate how a generalist species can expand and establish a population in an area impacted by multiple anthropogenic stressors. This research reveals how ecological communities become characterized by more generalist species following anthropogenically-induced competitive release caused by harvesting of native competitors, habitat degradation, and extreme flooding associated with land cover and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor G. Tate
- Environmental Science Program, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Amber L. Pitt
- Environmental Science Program, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
- Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Myles D. Little
- Environmental Science Program, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Joseph J. Tavano
- Environmental Science Program, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Max A. Nickerson
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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9
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Dasnon A, Delord K, Chaigne A, Barbraud C. Fisheries bycatch mitigation measures as an efficient tool for the conservation of seabird populations. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Dasnon
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois France
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale des Terres Australes Françaises, TAAF, rue Gabriel Dejean, 97458 Saint‐Pierre France
| | - Karine Delord
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois France
| | - Adrien Chaigne
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale des Terres Australes Françaises, TAAF, rue Gabriel Dejean, 97458 Saint‐Pierre France
| | - Christophe Barbraud
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois France
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10
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D’Iglio C, Porcino N, Savoca S, Profeta A, Perdichizzi A, Armeli Minicante E, Salvati D, Soraci F, Rinelli P, Giordano D. Ontogenetic shift and feeding habits of the European hake ( Merluccius merluccius L., 1758) in Central and Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea): A comparison between past and present data. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8634. [PMID: 35356562 PMCID: PMC8941333 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper aims to investigate the ecological role of Merluccius merluccius, Linnaeus, 1758, in southern and central Tyrrhenian Sea (GSA 10, Resolution GFCM/33/2009/2 General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean), analyzing ontogenetic diet shifts, geographical variations on prey composition, and feeding habits. A total of 734 hake specimens ranging in size between 6 cm and 73 cm (Total Length, TL) were collected in 2018. In order to evaluate ontogenetic shifts in prey composition, samples were divided into five size classes and for each class the quantitative feeding indices have been calculated. The statistical analysis, based on index of relative importance percentage (%IRI), resulted in three trophic groups. The most abundant prey found in the immature hake specimens (size class I) were the Euphausiids, Stylocheiron longicorne and Mysidacea, while for samples with a total length over 10.5 cm were crustaceans and fish. Engraulis encrasicolus was the most abundant fish prey identified, followed by Boops boops and Myctophids. The high presence of Euphausiids, Mysids, Myctophidae, and Sternoptychidae in classes I, II, II, and IV (6-23 cm) showed the relevant role of mesopelagic fauna in hake diets, with an essential organic matter and energy flow from the mesopelagic to the epipelagic environment. Additionally, decapod crustaceans were found in the stomach contents of hakes belonging to class V (with size over 36 cm TL), which is notable considering that our study area includes an important decapod crustacean fishing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D’Iglio
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly
| | - Nunziatina Porcino
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Serena Savoca
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional ImagingUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly
| | - Adriana Profeta
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Anna Perdichizzi
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Enrico Armeli Minicante
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Davide Salvati
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Francesco Soraci
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Paola Rinelli
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research CouncilMessinaItaly
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11
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Farmery AK, Alexander K, Anderson K, Blanchard JL, Carter CG, Evans K, Fischer M, Fleming A, Frusher S, Fulton EA, Haas B, MacLeod CK, Murray L, Nash KL, Pecl GT, Rousseau Y, Trebilco R, van Putten IE, Mauli S, Dutra L, Greeno D, Kaltavara J, Watson R, Nowak B. Food for all: designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022; 32:101-121. [PMID: 34092936 DOI: 10.22541/au.160322471.16891119/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Food from the sea can make a larger contribution to healthy and sustainable diets, and to addressing hunger and malnutrition, through improvements in production, distribution and equitable access to wild harvest and mariculture resources and products. The supply and consumption of seafood is influenced by a range of 'drivers' including ecosystem change and ocean regulation, the influence of corporations and evolving consumer demand, as well as the growing focus on the importance of seafood for meeting nutritional needs. These drivers need to be examined in a holistic way to develop an informed understanding of the needs, potential impacts and solutions that align seafood production and consumption with relevant 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper uses an evidence-based narrative approach to examine how the anticipated global trends for seafood might be experienced by people in different social, geographical and economic situations over the next ten years. Key drivers influencing seafood within the global food system are identified and used to construct a future scenario based on our current trajectory (Business-as-usual 2030). Descriptive pathways and actions are then presented for a more sustainable future scenario that strives towards achieving the SDGs as far as technically possible (More sustainable 2030). Prioritising actions that not only sustainably produce more seafood, but consider aspects of access and utilisation, particularly for people affected by food insecurity and malnutrition, is an essential part of designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Farmery
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - J L Blanchard
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C G Carter
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Evans
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - M Fischer
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - A Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S Frusher
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - E A Fulton
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B Haas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C K MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - L Murray
- College of Health, Massey University, Massey, New Zealand
| | - K L Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - G T Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Y Rousseau
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - R Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - I E van Putten
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S Mauli
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - L Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - D Greeno
- College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - J Kaltavara
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - R Watson
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B Nowak
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
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12
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Rincón-Díaz MP, Bovcon ND, Cochia PD, Góngora ME, Galván DE. Fish functional diversity as an indicator of resilience to industrial fishing in Patagonia Argentina. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1650-1667. [PMID: 34386971 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between fish functional diversity and fishing levels at which its baselines shift is important to identify the consequences of fishing in ecosystem functioning. For the first time, the authors of this study implemented a trait-based approach in the Argentine Patagonian Sea to identify the vulnerability and spatiotemporal changes in functional diversity of fish assemblages incidentally captured by a trawling fleet targeting the Argentine red shrimp Pleoticus muelleri (Spence Bate, 1888) between 2003 and 2014. The authors coupled seven fish trophic traits to a reconstructed fish assemblage for the study area and by-catch and evaluated changes in fish species richness and four complementary functional diversity measures (functional richness, redundancy, dispersion and community trait values) along with fishing intensity, temporal use, latitudinal location and depth of fishing grounds, and vessel length. Resident fishes larger than 30 cm in length, with depressed and fusiform bodies, intermediate to high trophic levels, and feeding in benthic, demersal and midwater areas were vulnerable to by-catch. In addition, fish assemblages exhibited a low functional trait redundancy, likely related to species influxes in a biogeographic ecotone with tropicalisation signs. Significant increases in fish trait richness and dispersion poleward and deep suggested new functional roles in these grounds, matching trends in community body size, reproductive load, maximum depth and trophic level. Finally, a temporal increase in fish species and functional trait removal in fishing grounds led to trait homogenisation since 2003. The authors identified that tipping points in temperate fish functional trait diversity showed the importance of trait-based approaches within ecosystem-based fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Patricia Rincón-Díaz
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Edificio CCT CONICET - CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Nelson D Bovcon
- Instituto de Investigación de Hidrobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
- Departamento de Pesca Deportiva, Secretaría de Pesca de la Provincia del Chubut, Rawson, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Pablo D Cochia
- Instituto de Investigación de Hidrobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
| | - María Eva Góngora
- Instituto de Investigación de Hidrobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
| | - David E Galván
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Edificio CCT CONICET - CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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13
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Arrieta Atencio JD, Zúñiga H, Altamar J. Selectividad de red de enmalle para captura de bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae, Prochilodontidae) en la ciénaga de Zárate. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v27n1.88168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
La estimación precisa de curvas de selectividad de redes de enmalle en una población de peces es un requisito importante para la sostenibilidad de los stocks explotados. Sin embargo, los trabajos de selectividad para artes de pesca que operan en ecosistemas continentales de Colombia son muy escasos. Este estudio determinó los parámetros de selectividad de redes de enmalle utilizadas en la captura del bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae). El diseño experimental evaluó tres tamaños de malla (5,72; 6,35 y 8,89 cm) y las capturas se realizaron en diferentes sitios de pesca de la ciénaga de Zárate. Con la utilización del método SELECT se estimaron los parámetros de selectividad y mediante un análisis de Kruskall Wallis se determinaron las diferencias en la captura por unidad de esfuerzo. Además, el tamaño de malla óptimo fue calculado a partir del principio de similaridad geométrica de Baranov. Los resultados muestran que el modelo normal con varianza proporcional al tamaño de malla es el que mejor ajuste presentó para la captura de bocachico. Las longitudes modales calculadas con el modelo normal con varianza proporcional al tamaño de malla fueron 22,90, 25,45 y 35,63 cm para tamaños de malla de 5,72, 6,35 y 8,89 cm, respectivamente. El tamaño de malla óptimo calculado fue 6,99 cm. Los resultados indican que las redes con tamaños de malla de 5,72 cm e inferiores tienen un efecto sobre la estructura de tamaños del bocachico. Estas redes requieren ser priorizadas en la formulación de medidas de manejo basadas en la ordenación de este arte de pesca, lo que permitirá la sostenibilidad de la pesquería.
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14
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Perälä T, Uusi-Heikkilä S, Kuparinen A. Return of the Apex Predator — How Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) Re-Establishment Shapes an Ecosystem. ANN ZOOL FENN 2021. [DOI: 10.5735/086.058.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Perälä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Silva Uusi-Heikkilä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anna Kuparinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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15
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Farmery AK, Alexander K, Anderson K, Blanchard JL, Carter CG, Evans K, Fischer M, Fleming A, Frusher S, Fulton EA, Haas B, MacLeod CK, Murray L, Nash KL, Pecl GT, Rousseau Y, Trebilco R, van Putten IE, Mauli S, Dutra L, Greeno D, Kaltavara J, Watson R, Nowak B. Food for all: designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2021; 32:101-121. [PMID: 34092936 PMCID: PMC8164055 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Food from the sea can make a larger contribution to healthy and sustainable diets, and to addressing hunger and malnutrition, through improvements in production, distribution and equitable access to wild harvest and mariculture resources and products. The supply and consumption of seafood is influenced by a range of 'drivers' including ecosystem change and ocean regulation, the influence of corporations and evolving consumer demand, as well as the growing focus on the importance of seafood for meeting nutritional needs. These drivers need to be examined in a holistic way to develop an informed understanding of the needs, potential impacts and solutions that align seafood production and consumption with relevant 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper uses an evidence-based narrative approach to examine how the anticipated global trends for seafood might be experienced by people in different social, geographical and economic situations over the next ten years. Key drivers influencing seafood within the global food system are identified and used to construct a future scenario based on our current trajectory (Business-as-usual 2030). Descriptive pathways and actions are then presented for a more sustainable future scenario that strives towards achieving the SDGs as far as technically possible (More sustainable 2030). Prioritising actions that not only sustainably produce more seafood, but consider aspects of access and utilisation, particularly for people affected by food insecurity and malnutrition, is an essential part of designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. Graphic abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Farmery
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - J. L. Blanchard
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C. G. Carter
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Evans
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - M. Fischer
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - A. Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S. Frusher
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - E. A. Fulton
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B. Haas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C. K. MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - L. Murray
- College of Health, Massey University, Massey, New Zealand
| | - K. L. Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - G. T. Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Y. Rousseau
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - R. Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - I. E. van Putten
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S. Mauli
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - L. Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - D. Greeno
- College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - J. Kaltavara
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - R. Watson
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B. Nowak
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
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16
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Martinez-Tavera E, Duarte-Moro AM, Sujitha SB, Rodriguez-Espinosa PF, Rosano-Ortega G, Expósito N. Microplastics and metal burdens in freshwater Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) of a metropolitan reservoir in Central Mexico: Potential threats for human health. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128968. [PMID: 33246699 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, microplastics (MPs) and metal concentrations were studied in the widely consumed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fishes (n = 15) collected from a metropolitan reservoir of the Atoyac River basin, Mexico. Nearly 139 fibers were extracted from the gastrointestinal tracts and assessed using optical microscopy to evaluate their physical characteristics. The colour distribution of the fibers was mainly black (40%), blue (19%), red and white (14%). SEM images represented the surface morphology, while the elemental composition of the fibers was studied using EDX spectra. Polymer characterization using μFTIR aided in confirming the fibers as plastics (polyamide, polyester, and synthetic cellulose) and non-plastics (natural cellulose). Henceforth, ∼33% of the fibers, provisionally thought to be plastics, were natural fibers. The total metal concentrations were higher in the liver (259.24 mg kg-1) than the muscle (122.56 mg kg-1) due to diverse metabolic functions in the hepatic tissues. Human health risk assessment in terms of Hazard Index (HI) presented Pb and Zn values above unity in both adults and children, prompting regulatory measures. Statistical tests between MPs and fish biometry did not present any substantial correlations. The present study also affirmed that the presence of MPs and metals in fishes of a highly contaminated region is not only governed by their bioavailabilities, but also on the physiological characteristics of the individual organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martinez-Tavera
- UPAEP Universidad, 21 Sur No. 1103, Barrio de Santiago, Puebla, C.P. 72410, Mexico.
| | - A M Duarte-Moro
- UPAEP Universidad, 21 Sur No. 1103, Barrio de Santiago, Puebla, C.P. 72410, Mexico
| | - S B Sujitha
- Centro Mexicano para La Producción Más Limpia (CMP+L), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Av. Acueducto S/n, Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico
| | - P F Rodriguez-Espinosa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico
| | - G Rosano-Ortega
- UPAEP Universidad, 21 Sur No. 1103, Barrio de Santiago, Puebla, C.P. 72410, Mexico
| | - Nora Expósito
- Chemical Engineering School, Rovira I Virgili University, Carrer de L'Escorxador, S/n, 43003, Tarragona, Spain
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17
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Nevalainen L, Tuomisto J, Haapasaari P, Lehikoinen A. Spatial aspects of the dioxin risk formation in the Baltic Sea: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142185. [PMID: 33207481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins have been an inconvenience to the Baltic Sea ecosystem for decades. Although the concentrations in the environment and biota have continuously decreased, dioxins still pose a risk to human health. The risk and its formation vary in different parts of the Baltic Sea, due to variability in the environmental and societal factors affecting it. This paper presents a systematic literature review and knowledge synthesis about the regional dioxin risk formation in four sub-areas of the Baltic Sea and evaluates, whether systemic approach changes our thinking about the risk and its effective management. We studied the dioxin flux from atmospheric deposition to the Baltic Sea food webs, accumulation to two commercially and culturally important fish species, Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) and Baltic salmon (Salmo salar), and further to risk group members of four Baltic countries. Based on 46 studies, we identified 20 quantifiable variables and indexed them for commensurable regional comparison. Spatial differences in dioxin pollution, environmental conditions, food web dynamics, and the following dioxin concentrations in herring and salmon, together with fishing and fish consumption, affect how the final health risk builds up. In the southern Baltic Sea, atmospheric pollution levels are relatively high and environmental processes to decrease bioavailability of dioxins unfavorable, but the growth is fast, which curb the bioaccumulation of dioxins in the biota. In the North, long-range atmospheric pollution is minor compared to South, but the local pollution and slower growth leads to higher bioaccumulation rates. However, based on our results, the most remarkable differences in the dioxin risk formation between the areas arise from the social sphere: the emissions, origin of national catches, and cultural differences in fish consumption. The article suggests that acknowledging spatial characteristics of socio-ecological systems that generate environmental risks may aid to direct local focus in risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Nevalainen
- University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65 00014 Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Keskuskatu 10, 48100 Kotka, Finland Centre, Keskuskatu 7, 48100 Kotka, Finland.
| | - Jouni Tuomisto
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Neulaniementie 4, P.O. Box 95 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Haapasaari
- University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65 00014 Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Keskuskatu 10, 48100 Kotka, Finland Centre, Keskuskatu 7, 48100 Kotka, Finland
| | - Annukka Lehikoinen
- University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Viikinkaari 1, P.O. Box 65 00014 Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Kotka Maritime Research Centre, Keskuskatu 10, 48100 Kotka, Finland Centre, Keskuskatu 7, 48100 Kotka, Finland
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18
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Wang J, Gao X, Xu L, Dai L, Chen J, Tian S, Chen Y. Biodiversity in the bycatch community of Chinese tuna longline fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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19
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Lowther AD, Staniland I, Lydersen C, Kovacs KM. Male Antarctic fur seals: neglected food competitors of bioindicator species in the context of an increasing Antarctic krill fishery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18436. [PMID: 33116190 PMCID: PMC7595138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The fishery for Antarctic krill is currently managed using a precautionary, ecosystem-based approach to limiting catch, with performance indices from a long-term monitoring program focused on several krill-dependent predators that are used to track ecosystem health. Concerns over increased fishing in concentrated areas and ongoing efforts to establish a Marine Protected Area along the Peninsula, a key fishing region, is driving the development of an adaptive management system for the fishery. The cumulative effects of fishing effort and interactions among krill-dependent predators and their performance is at present neglected in the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program. However, we show considerable overlap between male Antarctic fur seals and the krill fishery in a complex mosaic, suggesting potential for cumulative impacts on other krill dependent predators. A holistic view is required as part of future efforts to manage the krill fishery that incorporates various sources of potential impacts on the performance of bioindicator species, including the fishery and its interactions with various krill dependent predators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C Lydersen
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsö, Norway
| | - K M Kovacs
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsö, Norway
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20
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Valdivieso A, Ribas L, Monleón-Getino A, Orbán L, Piferrer F. Exposure of zebrafish to elevated temperature induces sex ratio shifts and alterations in the testicular epigenome of unexposed offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109601. [PMID: 32371278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that environmental changes can affect population sex ratios through epigenetic regulation of gene expression in species where sex depends on both genetic and environmental cues. Sometimes, altered sex ratios persist in the next generation even when the environmental cue is no longer present (a multigenerational effect). However, evidence of transgenerational effects (i.e., beyond the first non-exposed generation), which tend to be paternally transmitted, is scarce and a matter of debate. Here, we used the AB strain of zebrafish, where sex depends on both genetic and environmental influences, to study possible multi- (to the F1) and transgenerational (to the F2) effects of elevated temperature during the critical period of sex differentiation. From eight initial different families, five were selected in order to capture sufficient variation between the sex ratio of the control group (28 °C) and the group exposed to elevated (35 °C) temperature only at the parental (P) generation. Results showed a consistent increase in the proportion of males in the P generation in all five families as a result of heat treatment. Sex ratios were then determined in the F1 and F2 offspring derived from both above groups, which were all raised at 28 °C. A persisting male-skewed sex ratio in the 35°C-derived, unexposed offspring of the F1 generation was observed in three families, denoting family-dependent multigenerational effects. However, no transgenerational effects were observed in the F2 generation of any family. DNA methylation was also assessed in the testis of P, F1 and F2 males derived from exposed and non-exposed fathers and grandfathers. DNA methylation was significantly decreased only in the testis of the 35°C-derived males in the F1 generation but not of the F2 generation and, surprisingly, neither in the 35°C-exposed males of the P generation. Taken together, our results show great interfamily variation, not only in sex ratio response to elevated temperature, but also on its multigenerational effects, denoting a strong influence of genetics. Alterations in the testicular epigenome in F1 males calls for attention to possible, previously unnoticed, effects of temperature in the unexposed offspring of heat-exposed parents in a global warming scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Valdivieso
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Ribas
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Monleón-Getino
- Group of Research in Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (GRBIO), BIOST(3), Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics: Section of Statistics. University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - László Orbán
- Frontline Fish Genomics Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Francesc Piferrer
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Shantz AA, Ladd MC, Burkepile DE. Overfishing and the ecological impacts of extirpating large parrotfish from Caribbean coral reefs. ECOL MONOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Shantz
- Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Mark C. Ladd
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Deron E. Burkepile
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
- Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
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22
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Pellowe KE, Leslie HM. Size‐selective fishing leads to trade‐offs between fishery productivity and reproductive capacity. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kara E. Pellowe
- Darling Marine Center University of Maine Walpole Maine 04573 USA
| | - Heather M. Leslie
- Darling Marine Center University of Maine Walpole Maine 04573 USA
- School of Marine Sciences University of Maine Orono Maine 04469 USA
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23
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Ecological changes with minor effect initiate evolution to delayed regime shifts. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:412-418. [PMID: 32042123 PMCID: PMC7058421 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Regime shifts have been documented in a variety of natural and social systems. These abrupt transitions produce dramatic shifts in the composition and functioning of socioecological systems. Existing theory on ecosystem resilience has only considered regime shifts to be caused by changes in external conditions beyond a tipping point and therefore lacks an evolutionary perspective. In this study, we show how a change in external conditions has little ecological effect and does not push the system beyond a tipping point. The change therefore does not cause an immediate regime shift but instead triggers an evolutionary process that drives a phenotypic trait beyond a tipping point, thereby resulting (after a substantial delay) in a selection-induced regime shift. Our finding draws attention to the fact that regime shifts observed in the present may result from changes in the distant past, and highlights the need for integrating evolutionary dynamics into the theoretical foundation for ecosystem resilience.
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24
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Jaco EM, Steele MA. Pre‐closure fishing pressure predicts effects of marine protected areas. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Jaco
- Department of Biology California State University Northridge Northridge CA USA
| | - Mark A. Steele
- Department of Biology California State University Northridge Northridge CA USA
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25
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Polynomial and Wavelet-Type Transfer Function Models to Improve Fisheries’ Landing Forecasting with Exogenous Variables. ENTROPY 2019. [PMCID: PMC7514426 DOI: 10.3390/e21111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that environmental fluctuations and fishing efforts modify fishing patterns in various parts of the world. One of the most affected areas is northern Chile. The reduction of the gaps in the implementation of national fisheries’ management policies and the basic knowledge that supports the making of such decisions are crucial. That is why in this research, a transfer function method with variable coefficients is proposed to forecast monthly disembarkation of anchovies and sardines in northern Chile, taking into account the incidence of large-scale climatic variables on landings. The method uses a least squares procedure and wavelets to expand the coefficients of the transfer function. Linear estimators of the time varying coefficients are proposed, followed by a truncation of the wavelet expansion up to an appropriate scale. Finally, the estimators for the transfer function coefficients are obtained by using the inverse wavelet transformation. Research results suggest that the transfer function models with variable coefficients fit the behavior of the anchovies’ landing with great accuracy, while the use of transfer function models with constant coefficients fits sardines’ landings better. Both fisheries’ landings could be explained to a large extent from the large scale climatic variables.
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26
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Stubberud MW, Vindenes Y, Vøllestad LA, Winfield IJ, Stenseth NC, Langangen Ø. Effects of size- and sex-selective harvesting: An integral projection model approach. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12556-12570. [PMID: 31788197 PMCID: PMC6875666 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvesting is often size-selective, and in species with sexual size dimorphism, it may also be sex-selective. A powerful approach to investigate potential consequences of size- and/or sex-selective harvesting is to simulate it in a demographic population model. We developed a population-based integral projection model for a size- and sex-structured species, the commonly exploited pike (Esox lucius). The model allows reproductive success to be proportional to body size and potentially limited by both sexes. We ran all harvest simulations with both lower size limits and slot limits, and to quantify the effects of selective harvesting, we calculated sex ratios and the long-term population growth rate (λ). In addition, we quantified to what degree purely size-selective harvesting was sex-selective, and determined when λ shifted from being female to male limited under size- and sex-selective harvesting. We found that purely size-selective harvest can be sex-selective, and that it depends on the harvest limits and the size distributions of the sexes. For the size- and sex-selective harvest simulations, λ increased with harvest intensity up to a threshold as females limited reproduction. Beyond this threshold, males became the limiting sex, and λ decreased as more males were harvested. The peak in λ, and the corresponding sex ratio in harvest, varied with both the selectivity and the intensity of the harvest simulation. Our model represents a useful extension of size-structured population models as it includes both sexes, relaxes the assumption of female dominance, and accounts for size-dependent fecundity. The consequences of selective harvesting presented here are especially relevant for size- and sex-structured exploited species, such as commercial fisheries. Thus, our model provides a useful contribution toward the development of more sustainable harvesting regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Wæge Stubberud
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES)University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Yngvild Vindenes
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES)University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES)University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ian J. Winfield
- Lake Ecosystems GroupCentre for Ecology & HydrologyLancaster Environment CentreLancasterUK
| | - Nils Christian Stenseth
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES)University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Øystein Langangen
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES)University of OsloOsloNorway
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27
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Emergence of balanced harvesting in an agent-based model of an open-access small-scale fishery. Math Biosci 2019; 316:108245. [PMID: 31476291 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2019.108245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fisheries management strategies in which large fish are selectively targeted and younger, smaller fish are protected can lead to disruption of stocks, truncation of the population size spectrum, and impaired recruitment. Balanced harvesting is an alternative approach, which distributes fishing mortality across a wide range of species and sizes in proportion to their natural productivity. Here, we investigate outcomes from an agent-based model of fishing, coupled with an ecological model for the dynamics of a single fish species in a small-scale fishery. In the model, individual fishing agents make decisions about whether to enter or exit the fishery, and what size fish to target, based on economic calculations about short-term profitability of alternative actions. Fishing mortality, aggregated across agents, affects the biomass and size structure of the stock, which in turn affects individual agents' yields, creating a feedback loop. We show that the autonomous fishing agents self-organise to produce a Nash equilibrium, in which yields are equalised across agents. The aggregate fishing mortality that emerges in this equilibrium state is closely aligned with the distribution of productivity across body size. We conclude that balanced harvesting is an emergent outcome of the model. This occurs despite the absence of any externally imposed regulations on total fishing effort, catch or target sizes. However, controls on overall harvesting pressure are required to avoid overfishing.
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28
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Bogard JR, Farmery AK, Baird DL, Hendrie GA, Zhou S. Linking Production and Consumption: The Role for Fish and Seafood in a Healthy and Sustainable Australian Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1766. [PMID: 31374858 PMCID: PMC6723351 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish and seafood consumption in Australia has been growing, yet the implications of this trend across the food system, from both a health and sustainability perspective have not been fully explored. This paper aims to map out the fish and seafood food system in Australia, linking production and consumption, to articulate challenges and opportunities for enhancing the sector's contribution to future healthy and sustainable diets. We conducted a secondary analysis of publicly available datasets on fish and seafood production and consumption, triangulated and supplemented with peer-reviewed and grey literature on environmental, economic and social sustainability issues throughout the food system. A key challenge for health is the high proportion of fish and seafood consumed as discretionary food, particularly among children. Key challenges for sustainability include the narrow focus on environmental sustainability (with little consideration of the other domains), and the focus on production with little consideration for sustainability throughout post-harvest handling, processing, retail, distribution and consumption. Key opportunities for health and sustainability include the innovative use of processing and packaging technology to maximise nutritional quality; creation of markets and supply chains for a greater diversity of underutilised fish and seafood species and processing by-products; and reductions in waste and loss throughout the entire supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna K Farmery
- University of Wollongong, Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, Wollongong 2522, Australia.
| | | | | | - Shijie Zhou
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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29
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Zhou Q, Gao H, Zhang Y, Fan G, Xu H, Zhai J, Xu W, Chen Z, Zhang H, Liu S, Niu Y, Li W, Li W, Lin H, Chen S. A chromosome‐level genome assembly of the giant grouper (
Epinephelus lanceolatus
) provides insights into its innate immunity and rapid growth. Mol Ecol Resour 2019; 19:1322-1332. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS) Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (PNLM) Qingdao China
| | | | - Yong Zhang
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering Zhuhai China
| | | | - Hao Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS) Qingdao China
| | | | - Wenteng Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS) Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (PNLM) Qingdao China
| | - Zhangfan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS) Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (PNLM) Qingdao China
| | | | | | | | | | - Weiming Li
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
| | - Haoran Lin
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering Zhuhai China
| | - Songlin Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS) Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (PNLM) Qingdao China
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30
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Clay TA, Small C, Tuck GN, Pardo D, Carneiro APB, Wood AG, Croxall JP, Crossin GT, Phillips RA. A comprehensive large‐scale assessment of fisheries bycatch risk to threatened seabird populations. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
| | - Cleo Small
- BirdLife Global Seabird Programme Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Sandy UK
| | | | - Deborah Pardo
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
| | | | - Andrew G. Wood
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
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31
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Vaini JO, Mota KG, Ojeda AP, Barreiros JP, Moreira RG, Hilsdorf AWS. Development and characterization of 20 polymorphic microsatellite markers for Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) using 454 pyrosequencing. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 42:74-79. [PMID: 30776048 PMCID: PMC6428119 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, is a well-known and
widespread marine fish assessed as endangered by the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature. Analyzing the genetic diversity of this species is,
therefore, of utmost importance and necessary for conservation purposes.
Microsatellites are molecular tools with advantages that are ideal for
population analyses. This study provides the first set of species-specific
microsatellite loci for E. marginatus that can be applied when
assessing both intra- and interpopulation genetic variation. Twenty
microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for the dusky grouper by
genotyping 20 individuals obtained from the North Eastern Atlantic Ocean (n = 4)
and from the South Western Atlantic Ocean (n = 16). The number of alleles per
locus varied from 2 to 11, while the observed and expected heterozygosities
ranged from 0.25 to 0.94 and 0.34 to 0.89, respectively. The polymorphic
information content varied from moderately to highly informative. This suite of
markers provides the first specific nuclear tools for E.
marginatus and, thus, allows to assess with more specificity
different populations’ structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussara Oliveira Vaini
- Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Kenneth Gabriel Mota
- Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Paola Ojeda
- Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Barreiros
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
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Jin S, Jacquin L, Xiong M, Li R, Lek S, Li W, Zhang T. Reproductive pattern and population dynamics of commercial red swamp crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii) from China: implications for sustainable aquaculture management. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6214. [PMID: 30697477 PMCID: PMC6347965 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), is one of the most promising freshwater species for aquaculture in China. Understanding its reproductive pattern and population dynamics is crucial for sustainable management, but there is currently a lack of fundamental knowledge of commercial P. clarkii populations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive pattern and population dynamics of commercial P. clarkii throughout the yearly cycle. Methods A total of 2,051 crayfish (1,012 females and 1,039 males) were collected from March 2016 to February 2017 in the area of Selection and Reproduction Center of Crayfish. The reproductive pattern was evaluated by the gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), ovarian development and fecundity. Growth, mortality rates and exploitation rate were estimated by electronic length frequency analysis by R package “TropFishR” based on data of cephalothorax length (CTL). Results Our results demonstrated that spawning activities of P. clarkii took place from September to November, with a mean fecundity of 429 ± 9 eggs per female. There were two recruitments yearly, a major one from October to November and a minor one from March to May. With respect to population growth, five growth cohorts were identified for both females and males. Crayfish grew faster but attained smaller asymptotic maximum CTL as indicated by higher growth coefficient (K), growth parameter index (Ø′) and lower asymptotic CTL (Linf). The estimates of total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (F) were 1.93, 1.02, 0.91 year−1 for females and 2.32, 0.93, 1.39 year−1 for males, which showed that the mortality of male crayfish was mainly caused by fishing. The estimates of exploitation rate (E) indicated that male crayfish were overexploited, with the values of 0.47 and 0.60 year−1 for females and males, respectively. Discussion P. clarkii spawned from September to November while two recruitments were observed yearly. We inferred that some eggs, prevented from hatching by low water temperature in winter, were more likely to hatch in the next spring. Moreover, the fishing mortality rate was relatively high for males, which might be related to the males-directed selection during the reproductive period. The higher values of exploitation rate in our study confirmed that males P. clarkii were overexploited and were under high fishing pressure. We thus suggest reducing fishing intensity on immature crayfish and avoid sex selection during the reproductive period to improve the overall sustainability of commercial P. clarkii populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lisa Jacquin
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mantang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruojing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sovan Lek
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tanglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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33
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Riccioni G, Stagioni M, Piccinetti C, Libralato S. A metabarcoding approach for the feeding habits of European hake in the Adriatic Sea. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:10435-10447. [PMID: 30464816 PMCID: PMC6238138 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is one of the most economically important fish for the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important predator of deep upper shelf slope communities currently characterized by growth overexploitation: the understanding of hake's diet might support next generation management tools. However, all current European hake diet studies depend on the morphological identification of prey remains in stomach content, with consequent limitations. In this study, we set up a metabarcoding approach based on cytochrome oxidase I PCR amplification and Miseq Illumina paired-end sequencing of M. merluccius stomach content remains and compared the results to classic morphological analyses. A total of 95 stomach contents of M. merluccius sampled in the North-Central Adriatic Sea were analyzed with both the metabarcoding and morphological approaches. Metabarcoding clearly outperformed the morphological method in the taxonomic identification of prey describing more complex trophic relationships even when considering the morphological identification of 200 stomach contents. Statistical analysis of diet composition revealed a weak differentiation among the hake's size classes, confirming an opportunistic feeding behavior. All the analyses performed showed the presence of a core of shared prey among the size classes and a cloud of size-specific prey. Our study highlights the exceptional potential of metabarcoding as an approach to provide unprecedented taxonomic resolution in the diet of M. merluccius and potentially of other marine predators, due to the broad-spectrum of detection of the primers used. A thorough description of these complex trophic relationships is fundamental for the implementation of an ecosystem approach to fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Riccioni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Marco Stagioni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Corrado Piccinetti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Simone Libralato
- Chapter of OceanographyEcho GroupNational Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics – OGSTriesteItaly
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34
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Drago M, Franco-Trecu V, Segura AM, Valdivia M, González EM, Aguilar A, Cardona L. Mouth gape determines the response of marine top predators to long-term fishery-induced changes in food web structure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15759. [PMID: 30361482 PMCID: PMC6202337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we analyse changes throughout time in the isotopic niche of the Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) and the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) from the Río de la Plata estuary and adjacent Atlantic Ocean to test the hypothesis that fishing may modify the diet of small-gape predators by reducing the average size of prey. The overall evidence, from stable isotope and stomach contents analyses, reveals major changes in resource partitioning between the three predators considered, mainly because of an increased access of Franciscana dolphins to juvenile demersal fishes. These results are consistent with the changes in the length distribution of demersal fish species resulting from fishing and suggest that Franciscana dolphin has been the most benefited species of the three marine mammal species considered because of its intermediate mouth gape. In conclusion, the impact of fishing on marine mammals goes beyond the simple reduction in prey biomass and is highly dependent on the mouth gape of the species involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Drago
- IRBio and Department of Evolutive Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Valentina Franco-Trecu
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Angel M Segura
- Modelization and Analysis of Natural Resources (MAREN), Centro Universitario Regional Este (CURE), Universidad de la República, Ruta 9, km 208, 27000, Rocha, Uruguay.,National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), 25 de Mayo 582, 11000, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Meica Valdivia
- National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), 25 de Mayo 582, 11000, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Enrique M González
- National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), 25 de Mayo 582, 11000, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alex Aguilar
- IRBio and Department of Evolutive Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Cardona
- IRBio and Department of Evolutive Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Guo C, Chen Y, Li W, Xie S, Lek S, Li Z. Food web structure and ecosystem properties of the largest impounded lake along the eastern route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project. ECOL INFORM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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Plaza F, Salas R, Yáñez E. Identifying ecosystem patterns from time series of anchovy (Engraulis ringens) and sardine (Sardinops sagax) landings in northern Chile. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2017.1410150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Salas
- Biomedical Engineering School, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Eleuterio Yáñez
- Marine Sciences School, Natural Resources Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Improving understanding of the functional diversity of fisheries by exploring the influence of global catch reconstruction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10746. [PMID: 28878250 PMCID: PMC5587757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional diversity is thought to enhance ecosystem resilience, driving research focused on trends in the functional composition of fisheries, most recently with new reconstructions of global catch data. However, there is currently little understanding of how accounting for unreported catches (e.g. small-scale and illegal fisheries, bycatch and discards) influences functional diversity trends in global fisheries. We explored how diversity estimates varied among reported and unreported components of catch in 2010, and found these components had distinct functional fingerprints. Incorporating unreported catches had little impact on global-scale functional diversity patterns. However, at smaller, management-relevant scales, the effects of incorporating unreported catches were large (changes in functional diversity of up to 46%). Our results suggest there is greater uncertainty about the risks to ecosystem integrity and resilience from current fishing patterns than previously recognized. We provide recommendations and suggest a research agenda to improve future assessments of functional diversity of global fisheries.
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38
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Tromeur E, Loeuille N. Balancing yield with resilience and conservation objectives in harvested predator-prey communities. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Tromeur
- Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES Paris), 7 quai St Bernard, FR-75252; Paris France
- AgroParisTech, Univ Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Nicolas Loeuille
- Sorbonne Univ., UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris-Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES Paris), 7 quai St Bernard, FR-75252; Paris France
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39
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Houk P, Tilfas R, Luckymis M, Nedlic O, Ned B, Cuetos-Bueno J, McLean M. An applied framework to assess exploitation and guide management of coral-reef fisheries. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Houk
- UOG Station; University of Guam Marine Laboratory; Mangilao Guam 96923 USA
| | - Ronny Tilfas
- Kosrae State Fisheries Office; Lelu Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia 96944
| | - Marston Luckymis
- Kosrae Conservation and Safety Organization; P.O. Box 1007 Lelu Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia 96944
| | - Osamu Nedlic
- Kosrae Conservation and Safety Organization; P.O. Box 1007 Lelu Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia 96944
| | - Bruno Ned
- Kosrae State Fisheries Office; Lelu Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia 96944
| | | | - Matthew McLean
- UOG Station; University of Guam Marine Laboratory; Mangilao Guam 96923 USA
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40
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Exploring the structural and functional properties of the Lake Victoria food web, and the role of fisheries, using a mass balance model. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Walters C, Christensen V, Fulton B, Smith AD, Hilborn R. Predictions from simple predator-prey theory about impacts of harvesting forage fishes. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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AL Nahdi A, Garcia de Leaniz C, King AJ. Spatio-Temporal Variation in Length-Weight Relationships and Condition of the Ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus (Linnaeus, 1758): Implications for Fisheries Management. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161989. [PMID: 27579485 PMCID: PMC5007016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of length-weight relationships for commercially exploited fish is an important tool for assessing and managing of fish stocks. However, analyses of length-weight relationship fisheries data typically do not consider the inherent differences in length-weight relationships for fish caught from different habitats, seasons, or years, and this can affect the utility of these data for developing condition indices or calculating fisheries biomass. Here, we investigated length-weight relationships for ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus in the waters of the Arabian Sea off Oman collected during three periods (2001-02, 2007-08, and 2014-15) and showed that a multivariate modelling approach that considers the areas and seasons in which ribbonfish were caught improved estimation of length-weight relationships. We used the outputs of these models to explore spatio-temporal variations in condition indices and relative weights among ribbonfish, revealing fish of 85-125 cm were in the best overall condition. We also found that condition differed according to where and when fish were caught, with condition lowest during spring and pre-south-west monsoon periods and highest during and after the south-west monsoons. We interpret these differences to be a consequence of variability in temperature and food availability. Based on our findings, we suggest fishing during seasons that have the lowest impact on fish condition and which are commercially most viable; such fishery management would enhance fisheries conservation and economic revenue in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah AL Nahdi
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Fisheries Research Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- * E-mail:
| | - Carlos Garcia de Leaniz
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. King
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom
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43
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Öndes F, Kaiser MJ, Murray LG. Quantification of the indirect effects of scallop dredge fisheries on a brown crab fishery. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 119:136-143. [PMID: 27268589 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the by-catch of Cancer pagurus in king scallop dredges in the Isle of Man, and to determine the damage, immediate mortality and estimated mortality during fishing seasons associated with scallop dredges. Based on dredge surveys, spatial and seasonal variations were observed, with the highest number of crabs found off the west coast of the Isle of Man in the autumn when berried females crabs were most frequently caught. In general, female crabs comprised 84% of the catch. The damage levels of crabs was high with 45% of crabs recorded as crushed or dead or with severe damage, whilst 24% of crabs exhibited missing limbs. Estimates of the potential mortality associated with scallop dredging led to a lower and upper estimate of possible crab by-catch mortality of 15t and 24t respectively which represented 3.0-4.8% of the commercial landings of brown crab for the Isle of Man. Heaviest mortalities of crabs occurred in autumn to the west of the Isle of Man when female berried crabs move offshore into deeper water. The use of a temporary and spatially restricted scallop dredging closure could provide a simple solution to mitigate additional crab mortality in the event that scallop dredging increased beyond current levels in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Öndes
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, UK; Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, 35580, Turkey.
| | - Michel J Kaiser
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, UK.
| | - Lee G Murray
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, UK.
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44
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The efficacy of fisheries closure in rebuilding depleted stocks: Lessons from size-spectrum modeling. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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45
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Biro PA, Sampson P. Fishing directly selects on growth rate via behaviour: implications of growth-selection that is independent of size. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2014.2283. [PMID: 25608882 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Size-selective harvest of fish and crustacean populations has reduced stock numbers, and led to reduced growth rates and earlier maturation. In contrast to the focus on size-selective effects of harvest, here, we test the hypothesis that fishing may select on life-history traits (here, growth rate) via behaviour, even in the absence of size selection. If true, then traditional size-limits used to protect segments of a population cannot fully protect fast growers, because at any given size, fast-growers will be more vulnerable owing to bolder behaviour. We repeatedly measured individual behaviour and growth of 86 crayfish and found that fast-growing individuals were consistently bold and voracious over time, and were subsequently more likely to be harvested in single- and group-trapping trials. In addition, there was some indication that sex had independent effects on behaviour and trappability, whereby females tended to be less active, shyer, slower-growing and less likely to be harvested, but not all these effects were significant. This study represents, to our knowledge, the first across-individual support for this hypothesis, and suggests that behaviour is an important mechanism for fishing selectivity that could potentially lead to evolution of reduced intrinsic growth rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Biro
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Portia Sampson
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2032, Australia
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46
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Ward TD, Algera DA, Gallagher AJ, Hawkins E, Horodysky A, Jørgensen C, Killen SS, McKenzie DJ, Metcalfe JD, Peck MA, Vu M, Cooke SJ. Understanding the individual to implement the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow005. [PMID: 27293757 PMCID: PMC4825417 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management (EAFMs) have emerged as requisite for sustainable use of fisheries resources. At the same time, however, there is a growing recognition of the degree of variation among individuals within a population, as well as the ecological consequences of this variation. Managing resources at an ecosystem level calls on practitioners to consider evolutionary processes, and ample evidence from the realm of fisheries science indicates that anthropogenic disturbance can drive changes in predominant character traits (e.g. size at maturity). Eco-evolutionary theory suggests that human-induced trait change and the modification of selective regimens might contribute to ecosystem dynamics at a similar magnitude to species extirpation, extinction and ecological dysfunction. Given the dynamic interaction between fisheries and target species via harvest and subsequent ecosystem consequences, we argue that individual diversity in genetic, physiological and behavioural traits are important considerations under EAFMs. Here, we examine the role of individual variation in a number of contexts relevant to fisheries management, including the potential ecological effects of rapid trait change. Using select examples, we highlight the extent of phenotypic diversity of individuals, as well as the ecological constraints on such diversity. We conclude that individual phenotypic diversity is a complex phenomenon that needs to be considered in EAFMs, with the ultimate realization that maintaining or increasing individual trait diversity may afford not only species, but also entire ecosystems, with enhanced resilience to environmental perturbations. Put simply, individuals are the foundation from which population- and ecosystem-level traits emerge and are therefore of central importance for the ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D. Ward
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
- Corresponding author: Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.
| | - Dirk A. Algera
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Austin J. Gallagher
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
| | - Emily Hawkins
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Andrij Horodysky
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA
| | - Christian Jørgensen
- Department of Biology and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Shaun S. Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - David J. McKenzie
- Equipe Diversité et Ecologie des Poissons, UMR5119 Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers, Université Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier cedex 5 34095, France
| | - Julian D. Metcalfe
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft Laboratory, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Myron A. Peck
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Olbersweg 24, Hamburg 22767, Germany
| | - Maria Vu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1N 9B4
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, CanadaK1S 5B6
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Sequeira AMM, Mellin C, Lozano‐Montes HM, Vanderklift MA, Babcock RC, Haywood MDE, Meeuwig JJ, Caley MJ. Transferability of predictive models of coral reef fish species richness. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. M. Sequeira
- IOMRC and The UWA Oceans Institute School of Animal Biology and Centre for Marine Futures The University of Western Australia M470, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Camille Mellin
- Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB No. 3, Townsville MC Townsville Qld 4810 Australia
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | | | | | - Russ C. Babcock
- Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship CSIRO Underwood Avenue Floreat WA 6014 Australia
| | | | - Jessica J. Meeuwig
- IOMRC and The UWA Oceans Institute School of Animal Biology and Centre for Marine Futures The University of Western Australia M470, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - M. Julian Caley
- Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB No. 3, Townsville MC Townsville Qld 4810 Australia
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48
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Xu M. Ecological scaling laws link individual body size variation to population abundance fluctuation. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Dept of Mathematics and Physics; Univ. of New Haven; 300 Boston Post Road West Haven CT 06516 USA
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49
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Howarth LM, Pickup SE, Evans LE, Cross TJ, Hawkins JP, Roberts CM, Stewart BD. Sessile and mobile components of a benthic ecosystem display mixed trends within a temperate marine reserve. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 107:8-23. [PMID: 25863362 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent efforts to increase the global coverage of marine protected areas (MPAs), studies investigating the effectiveness of marine protected areas within temperate waters remain scarce. Furthermore, out of the few studies published on MPAs in temperate waters, the majority focus on specific ecological or fishery components rather than investigating the ecosystem as a whole. This study therefore investigated the dynamics of both benthic communities and fish populations within a recently established, fully protected marine reserve in Lamlash Bay, Isle of Arran, United Kingdom, over a four year period. A combination of photo and diver surveys revealed live maerl (Phymatolithon calcareum), macroalgae, sponges, hydroids, feather stars and eyelash worms (Myxicola infundibulum) to be significantly more abundant within the marine reserve than on surrounding fishing grounds. Likewise, the overall composition of epifaunal communities in and outside the reserve was significantly different. Both results are consistent with the hypothesis that protecting areas from fishing can encourage seafloor habitats to recover. In addition, the greater abundance of complex habitats within the reserve appeared to providing nursery habitat for juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) and scallops (Pecten maximus and Aequipecten opercularis). In contrast, there was little difference in the abundance of mobile benthic fauna, such as crabs and starfish, between the reserve and outside. Similarly, the use of baited underwater video cameras revealed no difference in the abundance and size of fish between the reserve and outside. Limited recovery of these ecosystem components may be due to the relatively small size (2.67 km(2)) and young age of the reserve (<5 years), both of which might have limited the extent of any benefits afforded to mobile fauna and fish communities. Overall, this study provides evidence that fully protected marine reserves can encourage seafloor habitats to recover, which in turn, can create a number of benefits that flow back to other species, including those of commercial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh M Howarth
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England.
| | - Sarah E Pickup
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
| | - Lowri E Evans
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
| | - Tim J Cross
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
| | - Julie P Hawkins
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
| | - Callum M Roberts
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
| | - Bryce D Stewart
- University of York, Environment Department, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, England
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50
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A decision-support tool to facilitate discussion of no-take boundaries for Marine Protected Areas during stakeholder consultation processes. J Nat Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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