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Wang P, Chen B, Huang Y, Li J, Cao D, Chen Z, Li J, Ran B, Yang J, Wang R, Wei Q, Dong Q, Liu L. Selenium intake and multiple health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1263853. [PMID: 37781125 PMCID: PMC10534049 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1263853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace metalloid element that is associated with fundamental importance to human health. Our umbrella review aimed to evaluate the quality of evidence, validity, and biases in the relationship between selenium intake and health-related outcomes according to published systematic reviews with pooled data and meta-analyses. Selenium intake is associated with a decreased risk of digestive system cancers, all-cause mortality, depression, and Keshan disease, when in children reduce the risk of Kashin-Beck disease. Additionally, selenium supplementation can improve sperm quality, polycystic ovary syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease, cardiovascular disease, and infective outcomes. Selenium supplementation also has relationship with a decreased concentration of serum lipids including total cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, no evidence has shown that selenium is associated with better outcomes among patients in intensive care units. Furthermore, selenium intake may be related with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and non-melanoma skin cancers. Moreover, most of included studies are evaluated as low quality according to our evidence assessment. Based on our study findings and the limited advantages of selenium intake, it is not recommended to receive extra supplementary selenium for general populations, and selenium supplementation should not be continued in patients whose selenium-deficient status has been corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puze Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Ran
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Mishima E, Conrad M. Nonmetabolic role for CKB in ferroptosis. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:633-634. [PMID: 37156911 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eikan Mishima
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
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3
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Ji QX, Zeng FY, Zhou J, Wu WB, Wang XJ, Zhang Z, Zhang GY, Tong J, Sun DY, Zhang JB, Cao WX, Shen FM, Lu JJ, Li DJ, Wang P. Ferroptotic stress facilitates smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation in arterial remodelling by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:457-474. [PMID: 36477078 PMCID: PMC9950429 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switch from a quiescent 'contractile' phenotype to a dedifferentiated and proliferative state underlies the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, our understanding of the mechanism is still incomplete. In the present study, we explored the potential role of ferroptosis, a novel nonapoptotic form of cell death, in SMC phenotypic switch and related neointimal formation. We found that ferroptotic stress was triggered in cultured dedifferentiated SMCs and arterial neointimal tissue of wire-injured mice. Moreover, pro-ferroptosis stress was activated in arterial neointimal tissue of clinical patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. Blockade of ferroptotic stress via administration of a pharmacological inhibitor or by global genetic overexpression of glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), a well-established anti-ferroptosis molecule, delayed SMC phenotype switch and arterial remodelling. Conditional SMC-specific gene delivery of GPX4 using adreno-associated virus in the carotid artery inhibited ferroptosis and prevented neointimal formation. Conversely, ferroptosis stress directly triggered dedifferentiation of SMCs. Transcriptomics analysis demonstrated that inhibition of ferroptotic stress mainly targets the mitochondrial respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Mechanistically, ferroptosis inhibition corrected the disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis in dedifferentiated SMCs, including enhanced mitochondrial ROS production, dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial hyperpolarization, and ultimately inhibited SMC phenotypic switch and growth. Copper-diacetyl-bisN4-methylthiosemicarbazone (CuATSM), an agent used for clinical molecular imaging and that potently inhibits ferroptosis, prevented SMC phenotypic switch, neointimal formation and arterial inflammation in mice. These results indicate that pro-ferroptosis stress is likely to promote SMC phenotypic switch during neointimal formation and imply that inhibition of ferroptotic stress may be a promising translational approach to treat CVDs with SMC phenotype switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xin Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Yan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Forth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di-Yang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xiang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Ming Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Dong-Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Li Z, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Liu Y, Zhao H. Function and regulation of GPX4 in the development and progression of fibrotic disease. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2808-2824. [PMID: 35605092 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common feature of fibrotic diseases that poses a serious threat to global health due to high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. There exist some chemical compounds and biomolecules associated with the development of fibrosis, including cytokines, hormones, and enzymes. Among them, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), as a selenoprotein antioxidant enzyme, is widely found in the embryo, testis, brain, liver, heart, and photoreceptor cells. Moreover, it is shown that GPX4 elicits diverse biological functions by suppressing phospholipid hydroperoxide at the expense of decreased glutathione (GSH), including loss of neurons, autophagy, cell repair, inflammation, ferroptosis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Interestingly, these processes are intimately related to the occurrence of fibrotic disease. Recently, GPX4 has been reported to exhibit a decline in fibrotic disease and inhibit fibrosis, suggesting that alterations of GPX4 can change the course or dictate the outcome of fibrotic disease. In this review, we summarize the role and underlying mechanisms of GPX4 in fibrosis diseases such as lung fibrosis, liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, and myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunnan, China
| | - Zigui Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Units, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunnan, China
| | - Yulu Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Units, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunnan, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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5
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Ogata FT, Branco V, Vale FF, Coppo L. Glutaredoxin: Discovery, redox defense and much more. Redox Biol 2021; 43:101975. [PMID: 33932870 PMCID: PMC8102999 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin, Grx, is a small protein containing an active site cysteine pair and was discovered in 1976 by Arne Holmgren. The Grx system, comprised of Grx, glutathione, glutathione reductase, and NADPH, was first described as an electron donor for Ribonucleotide Reductase but, from the first discovery in E.coli, the Grx family has impressively grown, particularly in the last two decades. Several isoforms have been described in different organisms (from bacteria to humans) and with different functions. The unique characteristic of Grxs is their ability to catalyse glutathione-dependent redox regulation via glutathionylation, the conjugation of glutathione to a substrate, and its reverse reaction, deglutathionylation. Grxs have also recently been enrolled in iron sulphur cluster formation. These functions have been implied in various physiological and pathological conditions, from immune defense to neurodegeneration and cancer development thus making Grx a possible drug target. This review aims to give an overview on Grxs, starting by a phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate Grxs, followed by an analysis of the mechanisms of action, the specific characteristics of the different human isoforms and a discussion on aspects related to human physiology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Mirassol, 207. 04044-010, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Vasco Branco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa F Vale
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Unit, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed-ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucia Coppo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen 9, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden.
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6
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Guo X, Liu F, Deng J, Dai P, Qin Y, Li Z, Wang B, Fan A, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Electron-Accepting Micelles Deplete Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate and Impair Two Antioxidant Cascades for Ferroptosis-Induced Tumor Eradication. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14715-14730. [PMID: 33156626 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptotic antitumor therapy has been compromised by various intracellular antioxidants, particularly glutathione and thioredoxin. Both are cofactors of glutathione peroxide 4 (GPX4) that act against oxidative stress via catalyzing the reduction of lipid peroxides. It was postulated that tailored polymer micelles could enhance ferroptotic antitumor efficacy via diminishing glutathione and thioredoxin under hypoxia. The aim was to engineer hypoxia-responsive micelles for selective enhancement of ferroptotic cell death in solid tumor. The polymer contains hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) that is linked by azobenzene linker with nitroimidazole-conjugated polypeptide. The tailored polymer could self-assemble into nanoscale micelles to encapsulate RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3, a covalent GPX4 inhibitor. Under hypoxia, the azobenzene moiety enabled PEG shedding and enhanced micelles uptake in 4T1 cells. Likewise, the nitroimidazole moiety was reduced by the overexpressed nitroreductase with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as the cofactor, resulting in transient depletion of NADPH. This impaired both the glutathione and thioredoxin redox cycle, leading to diminished intracellular glutathione and thioredoxin. The selective potency of ferroptotic micelles in depleting NADPH, glutathione and thioredoxin was further verified in vivo in the 4T1 tumor xenograft mice model. This work highlights the role of hypoxia-responsive polymers in enhancing the potency of ferroptotic inducers against solid tumors without additional side effects to healthy organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peipei Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yan Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Instrument Analytical Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bingbing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Aiping Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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7
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Buday K, Conrad M. Emerging roles for non-selenium containing ER-resident glutathione peroxidases in cell signaling and disease. Biol Chem 2020; 402:271-287. [PMID: 33055310 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of cellular redox control is pivotal for normal cellular functions and cell fate decisions including cell death. Among the key cellular redox systems in mammals, the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family of proteins is the largest conferring multifaceted functions and affecting virtually all cellular processes. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident GPXs, designated as GPX7 and GPX8, are the most recently added members of this family of enzymes. Recent studies have provided exciting insights how both enzymes support critical processes of the ER including oxidative protein folding, maintenance of ER redox control by eliminating H2O2, and preventing palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity. Consequently, numerous pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic diseases have been linked with altered GPX7 and GPX8 expression. Studies in mice have demonstrated that loss of GPX7 leads to increased differentiation of preadipocytes, increased tumorigenesis and shortened lifespan. By contrast, GPX8 deficiency in mice results in enhanced caspase-4/11 activation and increased endotoxic shock in colitis model. With the increasing recognition that both types of enzymes are dysregulated in various tumor entities in man, we deem a review of the emerging roles played by GPX7 and GPX8 in health and disease development timely and appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Buday
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764Neuherberg, Germany.,National Research Medical University, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997Moscow, Russia
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8
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The Application of Ferroptosis in Diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104919. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation; the Third Affiliated Hospital; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jingbo Li
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation; the Third Affiliated Hospital; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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10
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Redox regulation of tumor suppressor PTEN in cell signaling. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101553. [PMID: 32413744 PMCID: PMC7226887 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor and often dysregulated in cancers. Cellular PTEN activity is restrained by the oxidation of active-site cysteine by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recovery of its enzymatic activity predominantly depends on the availability of cellular thioredoxin (Trx) and peroxiredoxins (Prx), both are important players in cell signaling. Trx and Prx undergo redox-dependent conformational changes through the oxidation of cysteine residues at their active sites. Their dynamics are essential for protein functionality and regulation. In this review, we summarized the recent advances regarding the redox regulation of PTEN, with a specific focus on our current state-of-the-art understanding of the redox regulation of PTEN. We also proposed a tight association of the redox regulation of PTEN with Trx dimerization and Prx hyperoxidation, providing guidance for the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Chen PH, Wu J, Ding CKC, Lin CC, Pan S, Bossa N, Xu Y, Yang WH, Mathey-Prevot B, Chi JT. Kinome screen of ferroptosis reveals a novel role of ATM in regulating iron metabolism. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:1008-1022. [PMID: 31320750 PMCID: PMC7206124 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a specialized iron-dependent cell death that is associated with lethal lipid peroxidation. Modulation of ferroptosis may have therapeutic potential since it has been implicated in various human diseases as well as potential antitumor activities. However, much remains unknown about the underlying mechanisms and genetic determinants of ferroptosis. Given the critical role of kinases in most biological processes and the availability of various kinase inhibitors, we sought to systemically identify kinases essential for ferroptosis. We performed a forward genetic-based kinome screen against ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells triggered by cystine deprivation. This screen identified 34 essential kinases involved in TNFα and NF-kB signaling. Unexpectedly, the DNA damage response serine/threonine kinase ATM (mutated in Ataxia-Telangiectasia) was found to be essential for ferroptosis. The pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ATM consistently rescued multiple cancer cells from ferroptosis triggered by cystine deprivation or erastin. Instead of the canonical DNA damage pathways, ATM inhibition rescued ferroptosis by increasing the expression of iron regulators involved in iron storage (ferritin heavy and light chain, FTH1 and FTL) and export (ferroportin, FPN1). The coordinated changes of these iron regulators during ATM inhibition resulted in a lowering of labile iron and prevented the iron-dependent ferroptosis. Furthermore, we found that ATM inhibition enhanced the nuclear translocation of metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1), responsible for regulating expression of Ferritin/FPN1 and ferroptosis protection. Genetic depletion of MTF-1 abolished the regulation of iron-regulatory elements by ATM and resensitized the cells to ferroptosis. Together, we have identified an unexpected ATM-MTF1-Ferritin/FPN1 regulatory axis as novel determinants of ferroptosis through regulating labile iron levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianli Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chien-Kuang Cornelia Ding
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chao-Chieh Lin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samuel Pan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nathan Bossa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yitong Xu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wen-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bernard Mathey-Prevot
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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12
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Zhang H, Deng T, Liu R, Ning T, Yang H, Liu D, Zhang Q, Lin D, Ge S, Bai M, Wang X, Zhang L, Li H, Yang Y, Ji Z, Wang H, Ying G, Ba Y. CAF secreted miR-522 suppresses ferroptosis and promotes acquired chemo-resistance in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:43. [PMID: 32106859 PMCID: PMC7045485 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a novel mode of non-apoptotic cell death induced by build-up of toxic lipid peroxides (lipid-ROS) in an iron dependent manner. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) support tumor progression and drug resistance by secreting various bioactive substances, including exosomes. Yet, the role of CAFs in regulating lipid metabolism as well as ferroptosis of cancer cells is still unexplored and remains enigmatic. METHODS Ferroptosis-related genes in gastric cancer (GC) were screened by using mass spectrum; exosomes were isolated by ultra-centrifugation and CAF secreted miRNAs were determined by RT-qPCR. Erastin was used to induce ferroptosis, and ferroptosis levels were evaluated by measuring lipid-ROS, cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS Here, we provide clinical evidence to show that arachidonate lipoxygenase 15 (ALOX15) is closely related with lipid-ROS production in gastric cancer, and that exosome-miR-522 serves as a potential inhibitor of ALOX15. By using primary stromal cells and cancer cells, we prove that exosome-miR-522 is mainly derived from CAFs in tumor microenvironment. Moreover, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) was found to mediate miR-522 packing into exosomes, and ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) stabilizes hnRNPA1 through de-ubiquitination. Importantly, cisplatin and paclitaxel promote miR-522 secretion from CAFs by activating USP7/hnRNPA1 axis, leading to ALOX15 suppression and decreased lipid-ROS accumulation in cancer cells, and ultimately result in decreased chemo-sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that CAFs secrete exosomal miR-522 to inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells by targeting ALOX15 and blocking lipid-ROS accumulation. The intercellular pathway, comprising USP7, hnRNPA1, exo-miR-522 and ALOX15, reveals new mechanism of acquired chemo-resistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiou Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Dongying Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Dan Lin
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yuchong Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhi Ji
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Peroxiredoxin III Protects Tumor Suppressor PTEN from Oxidation by 15-Hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic Acid. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2828493. [PMID: 31636803 PMCID: PMC6766106 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2828493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a lipid and protein phosphatase that coordinates various cellular processes. Its activity is regulated by the reversible oxidation of an active-site cysteine residue by H2O2 and thioredoxin. However, the potential role of lipid peroxides in the redox regulation of PTEN remains obscure. To evaluate this, 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15s-HpETE), a lipid peroxide, was employed to investigate its effect on PTEN using molecular and cellular-based assays. Exposure to 15s-HpETE resulted in the oxidation of recombinant PTEN. Reversible oxidation of PTEN was also observed in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells treated with a 15s-HpETE and Lipofectamine mixture. The oxidative dimerization of thioredoxin was found simultaneously. In addition, the absence of peroxiredoxin III aggravated 15s-HpETE-induced PTEN oxidation in MEF cells. Our study provides novel insight into the mechanism linking lipid peroxidation to the etiology of tumorigenesis.
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14
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Friedmann Angeli JP, Krysko DV, Conrad M. Ferroptosis at the crossroads of cancer-acquired drug resistance and immune evasion. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:405-414. [PMID: 31101865 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 694] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized cell death modality that is morphologically, biochemically and genetically distinct from other forms of cell death and that has emerged to play an important role in cancer biology. Recent discoveries have highlighted the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and have provided intriguing insights into how metabolic rewiring is a critical event for the persistence, dedifferentiation and expansion of cancer cells. In some cases, this metabolic reprogramming has been linked to an acquired sensitivity to ferroptosis, thus opening up new opportunities to treat therapy-insensitive tumours. However, it is not yet clear what metabolic determinants are critical for therapeutic resistance and evasion of immune surveillance. Therefore, a better understanding of the processes that regulate ferroptosis sensitivity should ultimately aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to improve cancer treatment. In this Perspectives article, we provide an overview of the known mechanisms that regulate sensitivity to ferroptosis in cancer cells and how the modulation of metabolic pathways controlling ferroptosis might reshape the tumour niche, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment that promotes tumour growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University and Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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15
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The rhenium(I)-diselenoether anticancer drug targets ROS, TGF-β1, VEGF-A, and IGF-1 in an in vitro experimental model of triple-negative breast cancers. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:973-983. [PMID: 30632005 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The rhenium(I)-diselenoether complex (Re-diSe) is a rhenium tricarbonyl-based drug chelated by a diselenoether ligand. In this work, we compared its inhibitory effects on the hormone-independent MDA-MB231cancer line and other different cancer cell lines after an exposure time of 72 h by MTT assays. The sensitivity of MDA-MB231 was in the same range than the hormone-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer, the PC-3 prostate and HT-29 colon cancer cells, while the A549 lung and the HeLa uterine cancer cells were less sensitive. We compared the inhibitory effects of Re-diSe and of its diselenide ligand (di-Se) on MDA-MB231 and a normal HEK-293 human embryonic cell line, after 72 h and 120 h of exposure. The cytotoxicity was also studied by flow cytometry using ethidium bromide assays, as well as the effects on the ROS production by DFCA-test, while the levels of TGF-β1, VEGF-A, IGF-1 were addressed by ELISA tests. The dose required to inhibit 50% of the proliferation (IC50) of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells decreased with the time of exposure to 120 h, while the free ligand (di-Se) was found poorly active, demonstrating the important role of Re in this Re-diSe combination. The cytotoxic effects of Re-diSe were highly selective for cancer cells, with a significant increase of the number of dead cancer cells at 5 μM for an exposure time of 120 h, while normal cells were not affected. A remarkable and significant decrease of the production of ROS together with a decrease of VEGF-A, TGF-β1, and IGF-1 by the cancer cells were also observed when cancer cells were exposed to Re-diSe.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Brandes
- From the Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
| | - Flavia Rezende
- From the Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
| | - Katrin Schröder
- From the Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt (R.P.B., F.R., K.S.)
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17
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Conrad M, Kagan VE, Bayir H, Pagnussat GC, Head B, Traber MG, Stockwell BR. Regulation of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in diverse species. Genes Dev 2018; 32:602-619. [PMID: 29802123 PMCID: PMC6004068 DOI: 10.1101/gad.314674.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review by Conrad et al. reviews the functions and regulation of lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis, and the antioxidant network in diverse species, including humans, other mammals and vertebrates, plants, invertebrates, yeast, bacteria, and archaea, and discusses the potential evolutionary roles of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Lipid peroxidation is the process by which oxygen combines with lipids to generate lipid hydroperoxides via intermediate formation of peroxyl radicals. Vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 react with peroxyl radicals to yield peroxides, and then these oxidized lipid species can be detoxified by glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and other components of the cellular antioxidant defense network. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated nonapoptotic cell death involving overwhelming iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Here, we review the functions and regulation of lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis, and the antioxidant network in diverse species, including humans, other mammals and vertebrates, plants, invertebrates, yeast, bacteria, and archaea. We also discuss the potential evolutionary roles of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.,Laboratory of Navigational Lipidomics of Cell Death and Regeneration, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Gabriela C Pagnussat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Brian Head
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330.,Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330, USA
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330.,College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330, USA
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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18
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Kumar N, Krishnani KK, Gupta SK, Sharma R, Baitha R, Singh DK, Singh NP. Immuno-protective role of biologically synthesized dietary selenium nanoparticles against multiple stressors in Pangasinodon hypophthalmus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:289-298. [PMID: 29702234 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An environment friendly and sustainable approach is being emerged in the area of nanotechnology for accelerated growth and development of culturable aquatic animals hence green chemistry is gaining momentum in recent years. The present study has been carried out to delineate the effects of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on growth performance, antioxidative status and immunity of fish reared under lead (Pb) and high temperature (34 °C). Three hundred and fifteen fish were equally distributed in seven treatments in triplicates. Three isocaloric and isonitrogenous experimental diets viz. control (Se-NPs-0 mg/kg), Se-NPs at 1 mg/kg and Se-NPs at 2 mg/kg were formulated. The fish were reared under lead (Pb, 1/21st of LC50 (4 ppm)) and high temperature (34 °C) stress and fed with or without dietary Se-NPs. The effects of dietary Se-NPs were studied in terms of growth performance (Weight gain %, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and specific growth rate), antioxidative status (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase), neurotransmitter enzymes (AChE), stress biomarkers (heat shock protein 70, serum cortisol, blood glucose, vitamin C), immunological status (total protein, A/G ratio and respiratory burst activity) in Pangasinodon hypophthalmus post challenge with Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. Results of the investigation demonstrated significant improvement of growth performance, antioxidative status, neurotransmitter enzyme activity, stress markers and more importantly enhanced immunity of the fish with dietary incorporation of Se-NPs at 1 mg/kg. In addition, post bacterial infection, the relative % survival increased and cumulative mortality % decreased in the group fed with Se-NPs at 1 mg/kg diet. Pb and high temperature treated and fed with control diet group showed devastating impact on the growth performance, antioxidative status, stress markers and immunity of the fish. Similarly, application of Se-NPs at 2 mg/kg showed poor growth performance and elevated level of oxidative stress and other stress biomarkers including other biochemical attributes. Inclusive results indicated that, Se-NPs at 1 mg/kg has capability to enhance overall performance and alleviate multiple stresses in P. hypophthalmus. Hence, Se-NPs at optimum level have ability to develop green chemistry in feed industry for better growth performance of the fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, 413115, India.
| | - K K Krishnani
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, 413115, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agriculture Biotechnology, Namkum, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - Rupam Sharma
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Raju Baitha
- ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Salt Lake City, Kolkata Center, 700091, India
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19
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Ingold I, Berndt C, Schmitt S, Doll S, Poschmann G, Buday K, Roveri A, Peng X, Porto Freitas F, Seibt T, Mehr L, Aichler M, Walch A, Lamp D, Jastroch M, Miyamoto S, Wurst W, Ursini F, Arnér ES, Fradejas-Villar N, Schweizer U, Zischka H, Friedmann Angeli JP, Conrad M. Selenium Utilization by GPX4 Is Required to Prevent Hydroperoxide-Induced Ferroptosis. Cell 2018; 172:409-422.e21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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20
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Oxidative Stress, Selenium Redox Systems Including GPX/TXNRD Families. MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95390-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Why should neuroscientists worry about iron? The emerging role of ferroptosis in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive diseases. Behav Brain Res 2017; 341:154-175. [PMID: 29289598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a unique form of programmed death, characterised by cytosolic accumulation of iron, lipid hydroperoxides and their metabolites, and effected by the fatal peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane. It is a major driver of cell death in neurodegenerative neurological diseases. Moreover, cascades underpinning ferroptosis could be active drivers of neuropathology in major psychiatric disorders. Oxidative and nitrosative stress can adversely affect mechanisms and proteins governing cellular iron homeostasis, such as the iron regulatory protein/iron response element system, and can ultimately be a source of abnormally high levels of iron and a source of lethal levels of lipid membrane peroxidation. Furthermore, neuroinflammation leads to the upregulation of divalent metal transporter1 on the surface of astrocytes, microglia and neurones, making them highly sensitive to iron overload in the presence of high levels of non-transferrin-bound iron, thereby affording such levels a dominant role in respect of the induction of iron-mediated neuropathology. Mechanisms governing systemic and cellular iron homeostasis, and the related roles of ferritin and mitochondria are detailed, as are mechanisms explaining the negative regulation of ferroptosis by glutathione, glutathione peroxidase 4, the cysteine/glutamate antiporter system, heat shock protein 27 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. The potential role of DJ-1 inactivation in the precipitation of ferroptosis and the assessment of lipid peroxidation are described. Finally, a rational approach to therapy is considered, with a discussion on the roles of coenzyme Q10, iron chelation therapy, in the form of deferiprone, deferoxamine (desferrioxamine) and deferasirox, and N-acetylcysteine.
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22
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Ren X, Zou L, Zhang X, Branco V, Wang J, Carvalho C, Holmgren A, Lu J. Redox Signaling Mediated by Thioredoxin and Glutathione Systems in the Central Nervous System. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:989-1010. [PMID: 28443683 PMCID: PMC5649126 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems play important roles in maintaining the redox balance in the brain, a tissue that is prone to oxidative stress due to its high-energy demand. These two disulfide reductase systems are active in various areas of the brain and are considered to be critical antioxidant systems in the central nervous system (CNS). Various neuronal disorders have been characterized to have imbalanced redox homeostasis. Recent Advances: In addition to their detrimental effects, recent studies have highlighted that reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) act as critical signaling molecules by modifying thiols in proteins. The Trx and GSH systems, which reversibly regulate thiol modifications, regulate redox signaling involved in various biological events in the CNS. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we focus on the following: (i) how ROS/RNS are produced and mediate signaling in CNS; (ii) how Trx and GSH systems regulate redox signaling by catalyzing reversible thiol modifications; (iii) how dysfunction of the Trx and GSH systems causes alterations of cellular redox signaling in human neuronal diseases; and (iv) the effects of certain small molecules that target thiol-based signaling pathways in the CNS. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further study on the roles of thiol-dependent redox systems in the CNS will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of many human neuronal disorders and also help to develop novel protective and therapeutic strategies against neuronal diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 989-1010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ren
- 1 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lili Zou
- 1 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden .,2 Translational Neuroscience and Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy, The First Hospital of Yichang, Three Gorges University , Yichang, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- 1 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasco Branco
- 3 Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jun Wang
- 2 Translational Neuroscience and Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy, The First Hospital of Yichang, Three Gorges University , Yichang, China
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- 3 Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Arne Holmgren
- 1 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun Lu
- 4 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
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23
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Abstract
Five out of eight human glutathione peroxidases (GPxes) are selenoproteins and thus their expression depends on the selenium (Se) supply. Most Se-dependent GPxes are downregulated in tumor cells, while only GPx2 is considerably upregulated. Whether expression profiles of GPxes predict tumor development and patient survival is controversially discussed. Also, results from in vitro and in vivo studies modulating the expression of GPx isoforms provide evidence for both anti- and procarcinogenic mechanisms. GPxes are able to reduce hydroperoxides, which otherwise would damage DNA, possibly resulting in DNA mutations, modulate redox-sensitive signaling pathways affecting proliferation, differentiation, and cellular metabolism or initiate cell death. Considering these different processes, the role and functions of individual Se-dependent GPx isoforms will be discussed herein in the context of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Kipp
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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24
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Garcia FJ, Carroll KS. An immunochemical approach to detect oxidized protein tyrosine phosphatases using a selective C-nucleophile tag. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:1790-8. [PMID: 26757830 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases are crucial regulators of signal transduction and function as antagonists towards protein tyrosine kinases to control reversible tyrosine phosphorylation, thereby regulating fundamental physiological processes. Growing evidence has supported the notion that reversible oxidative inactivation of the catalytic cysteine residue in protein tyrosine phosphatases serves as an oxidative post-translational modification that regulates its activity to influence downstream signaling by promoting phosphorylation and induction of the signaling cascade. The oxidation of cysteine to the sulfenic acid is often transient and difficult to detect, thus making it problematic in understanding the role that this oxidative post-translational modification plays in redox-biology and pathogenesis. Several methods to detect cysteine oxidation in biological systems have been developed, though targeted approaches to directly detect oxidized phosphatases are still lacking. Herein we describe the development of a novel immunochemical approach to directly profile oxidized phosphatases. This immunochemical approach consists of an antibody designed to recognize the conserved sequence of the PTP active site (VHCDMDSAG) harboring the catalytic cysteine modified with dimedone (CDMD), a nucleophile that chemoselectively reacts with cysteine sulfenic acids to form a stable thioether adduct. Additionally, we provide biochemical and mass spectrometry workflows to be used in conjugation with this newly developed immunochemical approach to assist in the identification and quantification of basal and oxidized phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
| | - Kate S Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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25
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Redox Regulation of the Tumor Suppressor PTEN by Hydrogen Peroxide and Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050982. [PMID: 28489026 PMCID: PMC5454895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic peroxides and hydroperoxides are skin tumor promoters. Free radical derivatives from these compounds are presumed to be the prominent mediators of tumor promotion. However, the molecular targets of these species are unknown. Phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) are tumor suppressors that play important roles in cell growth, proliferation, and cell survival by negative regulation of phosphoinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling. PTEN is reversibly oxidized in various cells by exogenous and endogenous hydrogen peroxide. Oxidized PTEN is converted back to the reduced form by cellular reducing agents, predominantly by the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Here, the role of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in redox regulation of PTEN was analyzed by using cell-based and in vitro assays. Exposure to t-BHP led to oxidation of recombinant PTEN. In contrast to H2O2, PTEN oxidation by t-BHP was irreversible in HeLa cells. However, oxidized PTEN was reduced by exogenous Trx system. Taken together, these results indicate that t-BHP induces PTEN oxidation and inhibits Trx system, which results in irreversible PTEN oxidation in HeLa cells. Collectively, these results suggest a novel mechanism of t-BHP in the promotion of tumorigenesis.
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26
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Li Q, Han X, Lan X, Gao Y, Wan J, Durham F, Cheng T, Yang J, Wang Z, Jiang C, Ying M, Koehler RC, Stockwell BR, Wang J. Inhibition of neuronal ferroptosis protects hemorrhagic brain. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90777. [PMID: 28405617 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 453] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes high mortality and morbidity, but our knowledge of post-ICH neuronal death and related mechanisms is limited. In this study, we first demonstrated that ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, occurs in the collagenase-induced ICH model in mice. We found that administration of ferrostatin-1, a specific inhibitor of ferroptosis, prevented neuronal death and reduced iron deposition induced by hemoglobin in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). Mice treated with ferrostatin-1 after ICH exhibited marked brain protection and improved neurologic function. Additionally, we found that ferrostatin-1 reduced lipid reactive oxygen species production and attenuated the increased expression level of PTGS2 and its gene product cyclooxygenase-2 ex vivo and in vivo. Moreover, ferrostatin-1 in combination with other inhibitors that target different forms of cell death prevented hemoglobin-induced cell death in OHSCs and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons better than any inhibitor alone. These results indicate that ferroptosis contributes to neuronal death after ICH, that administration of ferrostatin-1 protects hemorrhagic brain, and that cyclooxygenase-2 could be a biomarker of ferroptosis. The insights gained from this study will advance our knowledge of the post-ICH cell death cascade and be essential for future preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Yufeng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jieru Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Tian Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
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27
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NOX-driven ROS formation in cell transformation of FLT3-ITD-positive AML. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:1113-1122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Brütsch SH, Rademacher M, Roth SR, Müller K, Eder S, Viertel D, Franz C, Kuhn H, Borchert A. Male Subfertility Induced by Heterozygous Expression of Catalytically Inactive Glutathione Peroxidase 4 Is Rescued in Vivo by Systemic Inactivation of the Alox15 Gene. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23578-23588. [PMID: 27634046 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.738930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) are antagonizing enzymes in the metabolism of hydroperoxy lipids. In spermatoid cells and/or in the male reproductive system both enzymes are apparently expressed, and GPX4 serves as anti-oxidative enzyme but also as a structural protein. In this study we explored whether germ line inactivation of the Alox15 gene might rescue male subfertility induced by heterozygous expression of catalytically silent Gpx4. To address this question we employed Gpx4 knock-in mice expressing the Sec46Ala-Gpx4 mutant, in which the catalytic selenocysteine was replaced by a redox inactive alanine. Because homozygous Gpx4 knock-in mice (Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/+) are not viable we created heterozygous animals (Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/-) and crossed them with Alox15 knock-out mice (Alox15-/-). Male Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/- mice, but not their female littermates, were subfertile. Sperm extracted from the epididymal cauda showed strongly impaired motility characteristics and severe structural midpiece alterations (swollen mitochondria, intramitochondrial vacuoles, disordered mitochondrial capsule). Despite these structural alterations, they exhibited similar respiration characteristics than wild-type sperm. When Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/- mice were crossed with Alox15-deficient animals, the resulting males (Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/-+Alox15-/-) showed normalized fertility, and sperm motility was reimproved to wild-type levels. Taken together these data suggest that systemic inactivation of the Alox15 gene normalizes the reduced fertility of male Sec46Ala-Gpx4+/- mice by improving the motility of their sperm. If these data can be confirmed in humans, ALOX15 inhibitors might counteract male infertility related to GPX4 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hanna Brütsch
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Marlena Rademacher
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Sophia Regina Roth
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Karin Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Eder
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Viertel
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Franz
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Astrid Borchert
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany and
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Kuban-Jankowska A, Gorska M, Jaremko L, Jaremko M, Tuszynski JA, Wozniak M. The physiological concentration of ferrous iron (II) alters the inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide on CD45, LAR and PTP1B phosphatases. Biometals 2015; 28:975-86. [PMID: 26407665 PMCID: PMC4635172 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is an important regulator of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity via reversible oxidation. However, the role of iron in this reaction has not been yet elucidated. Here we compare the influence of hydrogen peroxide and the ferrous iron (reagent for Fenton reaction) on the enzymatic activity of recombinant CD45, LAR, PTP1B phosphatases and cellular CD45 in Jurkat cells. The obtained results show that ferrous iron (II) is potent inhibitor of CD45, LAR and PTP1B, but the inhibitory effect is concentration dependent. We found that the higher concentrations of ferrous iron (II) increase the inactivation of CD45, LAR and PTP1B phosphatase caused by hydrogen peroxide, but the addition of the physiological concentration (500 nM) of ferrous iron (II) has even a slightly preventive effect on the phosphatase activity against hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Gorska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Namgaladze D, Snodgrass RG, Angioni C, Grossmann N, Dehne N, Geisslinger G, Brüne B. AMP-activated protein kinase suppresses arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase expression in interleukin 4-polarized human macrophages. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24484-94. [PMID: 26276392 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages respond to the Th2 cytokine IL-4 with elevated expression of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15). Although IL-4 signaling elicits anti-inflammatory responses, 15-lipoxygenase may either support or inhibit inflammatory processes in a context-dependent manner. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic sensor/regulator that supports an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. How AMPK activation is linked to IL-4-elicited gene signatures remains unexplored. Using primary human macrophages stimulated with IL-4, we observed elevated ALOX15 mRNA and protein expression, which was attenuated by AMPK activation. AMPK activators, e.g. phenformin and aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-d-ribofuranoside inhibited IL-4-evoked activation of STAT3 while leaving activation of STAT6 and induction of typical IL-4-responsive genes intact. In addition, phenformin prevented IL-4-induced association of STAT6 and Lys-9 acetylation of histone H3 at the ALOX15 promoter. Activating AMPK abolished cellular production of 15-lipoxygenase arachidonic acid metabolites in IL-4-stimulated macrophages, which was mimicked by ALOX15 knockdown. Finally, pretreatment of macrophages with IL-4 for 48 h increased the mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, CXCL9, and CXCL10 induced by subsequent stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. This response was attenuated by inhibition of ALOX15 or activation of AMPK during incubation with IL-4. In conclusion, limiting ALOX15 expression by AMPK may promote an anti-inflammatory phenotype of IL-4-stimulated human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina Grossmann
- From the Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine and
| | - Nathalie Dehne
- From the Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine and
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- From the Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine and
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Bosello-Travain V, Forman HJ, Roveri A, Toppo S, Ursini F, Venerando R, Warnecke C, Zaccarin M, Maiorino M. Glutathione peroxidase 8 is transcriptionally regulated by HIFα and modulates growth factor signaling in HeLa cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 81:58-68. [PMID: 25557012 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
GPx8 is a mammalian Cys-glutathione peroxidase of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, involved in protein folding. Its regulation is mostly unknown. We addressed both the functionality of two hypoxia-response elements (HREs) within the promoter, GPx8 HRE1 and GPx8 HRE2, and the GPx8 physiological role. In HeLa cells, treatment with HIFα stabilizers, such as diethyl succinate (DES) or 2-2'-bipyridyl (BP), induces GPx8 expression at both mRNA and protein level. Luciferase activity of pGL3(GPx8wt), containing a fragment of the GPx8 promoter including the two HREs, is also induced by DES/BP or by overexpressing either individual HIFα subunit. Mutating GPx8 HRE1 within pGL3(GPx8wt) resulted in a significantly higher inhibition of luciferase activity than mutating GPx8 HRE2. Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay showed that both HREs exhibit enhanced binding to a nuclear extract from DES/BP-treated cells, with stronger binding by GPx8 HRE1. In DES-treated cells transfected with pGL3(GPx8wt) or mutants thereof, silencing of HIF2α, but not HIF1α, abolishes luciferase activity. Thus GPx8 is a novel HIF target preferentially responding to HIF2α binding at its two novel functional GPx8 HREs, with GPx8 HRE1 playing the major role. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) treatment increases GPx8 mRNA expression, and reporter gene experiments indicate that induction occurs via HIF. Comparing the effects of depleting GPx8 on the downstream effectors of FGF or insulin signaling revealed that absence of GPx8 results in a 16- or 12-fold increase in phosphorylated ERK1/2 by FGF or insulin treatment, respectively. Furthermore, in GPx8-depleted cells, phosphorylation of AKT by insulin treatment increases 2.5-fold. We suggest that induction of GPx8 expression by HIF slows down proliferative signaling during hypoxia and/or growth stimulation through receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry J Forman
- Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California at Merced, Merced, CA 95344, USA
| | - Antonella Roveri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ursini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Rina Venerando
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Christina Warnecke
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Translational Research Center, University Hospital Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mattia Zaccarin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Matilde Maiorino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy.
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Brütsch SH, Wang CC, Li L, Stender H, Neziroglu N, Richter C, Kuhn H, Borchert A. Expression of inactive glutathione peroxidase 4 leads to embryonic lethality, and inactivation of the Alox15 gene does not rescue such knock-in mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:281-93. [PMID: 25313597 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Glutathione peroxidases (Gpx) and lipoxygenases (Alox) are functional counterplayers in the metabolism of hydroperoxy lipids that regulate cellular redox homeostasis. Gpx4 is a moonlighting protein that has been implicated not only as an enzyme in anti-oxidative defense, gene expression regulation, and programmed cell death, but also as a structural protein in spermatogenesis. Homozygous Gpx4 knock-out mice are not viable, but molecular reasons for intrauterine lethality are not completely understood. This study was aimed at investigating whether the lack of catalytic activity or the impaired function as structural protein is the dominant reason for embryonic lethality. We further explored whether the pro-oxidative enzyme mouse 12/15 lipoxygenase (Alox15) plays a major role in embryonic lethality of Gpx4-deficient mice. RESULTS To achieve these goals, we first created knock-in mice, which express a catalytically inactive Gpx4 mutant (Sec46Ala). As homozygous Gpx4-knock-out mice Sec46Ala-Gpx4(+/+) knock-in animals are not viable but undergo intrauterine resorption between embryonic day 6 and 7 (E6-7). In contrast, heterozygous knock-in mice (Sec46Ala-Gpx4(-/+)) are viable, fertile and do not show major phenotypic alterations. Interestingly, homozygous Alox15 deficiency did not rescue the U46A-Gpx4(+/+) mice from embryonic lethality. In fact, when heterozygous U46A-Gpx4(-/+) mice were stepwise crossed into an Alox15-deficent background, no viable U46A-Gpx4(+/+)+Alox15(-/-) individuals were obtained. However, we were able to identify U46A-Gpx4(+/+)+Alox15(-/-) embryos in the state of resorption around E7. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION These data suggest that the lack of catalytic activity is the major reason for the embryonic lethality of Gpx4(-/-) mice and that systemic inactivation of the Alox15 gene does not rescue homozygous knock-in mice expressing catalytically silent Gpx4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hanna Brütsch
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry, Charite-University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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Huang H, Koelle P, Fendler M, Schroettle A, Czihal M, Hoffmann U, Kuhlencordt PJ. Niacin reverses migratory macrophage foam cell arrest mediated by oxLDL in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114643. [PMID: 25521578 PMCID: PMC4270638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Niacin reduces vascular oxidative stress and down regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase, an enzyme mediating proatherosclerotic effects in part by increasing oxidative stress. Here, we evaluate whether Niacin reverses the redox sensitive migratory arrest of macrophages in response to oxidised(ox) LDL uptake. Material and Methods Migration of RAW264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line and bone marrow derived macrophages from wildtype and iNOS knockout mice was quantified using a modified Boyden chamber. Unstimulated cells or cells preincubated with oxLDL or non-oxidised (n)LDL were treated with Nicotinic acid or Nicotinamide. Nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and ROS production were assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR). Additionally, flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis, fokal adhesion kinase (FAK), phalloidin, CD36, F4/80 macrophage marker and iNOS gene expression (PCR) were assessed. Results Migration of Nicotinic acid, Nicotinamide treated cells or unstimulated cells did not differ (P>0.05). oxLDL treatment significantly reduced migration vs. unstimulated cells (p<0.05). In contrast, migratory arrest in response to oxLDL treatment was reversed by co-incubation with Nicotinic acid and Nicotinamide. The oxLDL-induced peroxynitrite formation in RAW264.7 cells was abolished by Niacin and glutathion (GSH) oxidation was significantly reduced. However, nitric oxide (NO)- and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by oxLDL were not affected by Niacin treatment of RAW264.7 cells. In addition, Nicotinic acid and Nicotinamide reduced actin polymerization, a marker for migratory arrest. Discussion Our data shows that oxLDL induced inhibition of macrophage migration in vitro can be reversed by Niacin. Furthermore, Niacin reduces peroxynitite formation and improves antioxidant GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Huang
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pirkko Koelle
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Fendler
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika Schroettle
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Czihal
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hoffmann
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Jan Kuhlencordt
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Inactivation of the ferroptosis regulator Gpx4 triggers acute renal failure in mice. Nat Cell Biol 2014; 16:1180-91. [PMID: 25402683 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2137] [Impact Index Per Article: 213.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death induced by small molecules in specific tumour types, and in engineered cells overexpressing oncogenic RAS. Yet, its relevance in non-transformed cells and tissues is unexplored and remains enigmatic. Here, we provide direct genetic evidence that the knockout of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) causes cell death in a pathologically relevant form of ferroptosis. Using inducible Gpx4(-/-) mice, we elucidate an essential role for the glutathione/Gpx4 axis in preventing lipid-oxidation-induced acute renal failure and associated death. We furthermore systematically evaluated a library of small molecules for possible ferroptosis inhibitors, leading to the discovery of a potent spiroquinoxalinamine derivative called Liproxstatin-1, which is able to suppress ferroptosis in cells, in Gpx4(-/-) mice, and in a pre-clinical model of ischaemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic damage. In sum, we demonstrate that ferroptosis is a pervasive and dynamic form of cell death, which, when impeded, promises substantial cytoprotection.
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Assessment of changes in membrane properties of platelets from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in different stages of the disease. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2014; 25:142-50. [PMID: 24346354 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0b013e328365776f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic myeloproliferative leukemia (CML) have frequent haemorrhage and/or thrombosis in their medical history. The mechanisms of these major and life-threatening complications remain unclear. Membrane organization influences many of the unique cellular functions and is strongly correlated, among other factors, to the membrane lipid composition; it may be evaluated by following up the membrane fluidity and aggregation properties of the platelet. In this study, we evaluated the platelet aggregation, the expression of platelet surface receptors, the membrane fluidity (as evaluated by fluorescence anisotropy) and its correlation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). It was found that the patients in accelerated and blastic phase of CML present an altered platelet aggregation response to all reagents except for ristocetin as compared with chronic phase group, which shows only epinephrine-altered response. We also found that BCR/ABL transcript leads to higher levels of ROS in accelerated and blastic CML phases. Patients without molecular remission have lower platelet membrane fluidity. We obtained a positive correlation between ROS level and membrane fluorescence anisotropy changes. The CD41 expression was decreased in CML patients and P selectin expression was found to be higher in these patients than in healthy volunteers. Platelets of CML patients have altered aggregation parameters in accelerated and blastic phases, in which BCR/ABL transcript level is increased. The increased level of ROS in CML patients without molecular remission is associated with a decrease in fluidity of platelet membrane and expression of CD41/CD61 receptors. These findings may contribute to understanding the mechanism of the altered platelet response reported in CML patients.
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Kuhn H, Banthiya S, van Leyen K. Mammalian lipoxygenases and their biological relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:308-30. [PMID: 25316652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) form a heterogeneous class of lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which have been implicated not only in cell proliferation and differentiation but also in the pathogenesis of various diseases with major public health relevance. As other fatty acid dioxygenases LOXs oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, which are further transformed to bioactive lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related substances). On the other hand, lipoxygenases are key players in the regulation of the cellular redox homeostasis, which is an important element in gene expression regulation. Although the first mammalian lipoxygenases were discovered 40 years ago and although the enzymes have been well characterized with respect to their structural and functional properties the biological roles of the different lipoxygenase isoforms are not completely understood. This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the physiological roles of different mammalian LOX-isoforms and their patho-physiological function in inflammatory, metabolic, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative and infectious disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin - Charite, Chariteplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Swathi Banthiya
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin - Charite, Chariteplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus van Leyen
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Genrel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Impaired selenoprotein expression in brain triggers striatal neuronal loss leading to co-ordination defects in mice. Biochem J 2014; 462:67-75. [PMID: 24844465 DOI: 10.1042/bj20140423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Secisbp2 [SECIS (selenocysteine insertion sequence)-binding protein 2] binds to SECIS elements located in the 3'-UTR region of eukaryotic selenoprotein mRNAs. It facilitates the incorporation of the rare amino acid selenocysteine in response to UGA codons. Inactivation of Secisbp2 in hepatocytes greatly reduced selenoprotein levels. Neuron-specific inactivation of Secisbp2 (CamK-Cre; Secisbp2fl/fl) reduced cerebral expression of selenoproteins to a lesser extent than inactivation of tRNA[Ser]Sec. This allowed us to study the development of cortical PV (parvalbumin)+ interneurons, which are completely lost in tRNA[Ser]Sec mutants. PV+ interneuron density was reduced in the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus and striatum. In situ hybridization for Gad67 (glutamic acid decarboxylase 67) confirmed the reduction of GABAergic (where GABA is γ-aminobutyric acid) interneurons. Because of the obvious movement phenotype involving a broad dystonic gait, we suspected basal ganglia dysfunction. Tyrosine hydroxylase expression was normal in substantia nigra neurons and their striatal terminals. However the densities of striatal PV+ and Gad67+ neurons were decreased by 65% and 49% respectively. Likewise, the density of striatal cholinergic neurons was reduced by 68%. Our observations demonstrate that several classes of striatal interneurons depend on selenoprotein expression. These findings may offer an explanation for the movement phenotype of selenoprotein P-deficient mice and the movement disorder and mental retardation described in a patient carrying SECISBP2 mutations.
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Labunskyy VM, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN. Selenoproteins: molecular pathways and physiological roles. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:739-77. [PMID: 24987004 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 812] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient with important functions in human health and relevance to several pathophysiological conditions. The biological effects of selenium are largely mediated by selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) that are present in all three domains of life. Although selenoproteins represent diverse molecular pathways and biological functions, all these proteins contain at least one selenocysteine (Sec), a selenium-containing amino acid, and most serve oxidoreductase functions. Sec is cotranslationally inserted into nascent polypeptide chains in response to the UGA codon, whose normal function is to terminate translation. To decode UGA as Sec, organisms evolved the Sec insertion machinery that allows incorporation of this amino acid at specific UGA codons in a process requiring a cis-acting Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Although the basic mechanisms of Sec synthesis and insertion into proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been studied in great detail, the identity and functions of many selenoproteins remain largely unknown. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in characterizing selenoproteins and selenoproteomes and understanding their physiological functions. We discuss current knowledge about how these unique proteins perform their functions at the molecular level and highlight new insights into the roles that selenoproteins play in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav M Labunskyy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dolph L Hatfield
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Demoulin JB, Essaghir A. PDGF receptor signaling networks in normal and cancer cells. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 25:273-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Huang H, Koelle P, Fendler M, Schröttle A, Czihal M, Hoffmann U, Conrad M, Kuhlencordt PJ. Induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by oxLDL inhibits macrophage derived foam cell migration. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:213-22. [PMID: 24858340 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deletion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in apolipoprotein E knockout mice was shown to mitigate the extent of arteriosclerosis. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) inhibits macrophage migration and traps foam cells, possibly through a mechanism involving oxidative stress. Here, we addressed whether a reduction of iNOS-mediated oxidative stress remobilizes macrophage-derived foam cells and may reverse plaque formation. METHODS Migration of RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow cells was quantified using a modified Boyden chamber. iNOS expression, phalloidin staining, focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, lipid peroxides, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were assessed. RESULTS oxLDL treatment significantly reduced cell migration compared to unstimulated cells (p < 0.05). This migratory arrest was reversed by co-incubation with a pharmacologic iNOS inhibitor 1400 W (p < 0.05) and iNOS-siRNA (p > 0.05). Furthermore, apoE/iNOS double knockout macrophages do not show migratory arrest in response to oxLDL uptake, compared to apoE knockout controls (p > 0.05). We documented significantly increased iNOS expression following oxLDL treatment and downregulation using 1400 W and small inhibitory RNA (siRNA). iNOS inhibition was associated with a reduction in NO and peroxynitrite (ONOO-)- and increased superoxide generation. Trolox treatment of RAW264.7 cells restored migration indicating that peroxynitrite mediated lipid peroxide formation is involved in the signaling pathway mediating cell arrest.. CONCLUSIONS Here, we provide pharmacologic and genetic evidence that oxLDL induced iNOS expression inhibits macrophage-derived foam cell migration. Therefore, reduction of peroxynitrite and possibly lipid hydroperoxide levels in plaques represents a valuable therapeutic approach to reverse migratory arrest of macrophage-derived foam cells and to impair plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huang
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - P Koelle
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Fendler
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Schröttle
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Czihal
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Hoffmann
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Conrad
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Germany
| | - P J Kuhlencordt
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.
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42
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Frijhoff J, Dagnell M, Godfrey R, Ostman A. Regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase oxidation in cell adhesion and migration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1994-2010. [PMID: 24111825 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Redox-regulated control of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) through inhibitory reversible oxidation of their active site is emerging as a novel and general mechanism for control of cell surface receptor-activated signaling. This mechanism allows for a previously unrecognized crosstalk between redox regulators and signaling pathways, governed by, for example, receptor tyrosine kinases and integrins, which control cell proliferation and migration. RECENT ADVANCES A large number of different molecules, in addition to hydrogen peroxide, have been found to induce PTP inactivation, including lipid peroxides, reactive nitrogen species, and hydrogen sulfide. Characterization of oxidized PTPs has identified different types of oxidative modifications that are likely to display differential sensitivity to various reducing systems. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that PTP oxidation occurs in a temporally and spatially restricted manner. Studies in cell and animal models indicate altered PTP oxidation in models of common diseases, such as cancer and metabolic/cardiovascular disease. Novel methods have appeared that allow characterization of global PTP oxidation. CRITICAL ISSUES As the understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of PTP oxidation is developing, it will be important to establish experimental procedures that allow analyses of PTP oxidation, and its regulation, in physiological and pathophysiological settings. Future studies should also aim to establish specific connections between various oxidants, specific PTPs, and defined signaling contexts. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Modulation of PTP activity still appears as a valid strategy for correction or inhibition of dys-regulated cell signaling. Continued studies on PTP oxidation might present yet unrecognized means to exploit this regulatory mechanism for pharmacological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Frijhoff
- 1 Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Wirth EK, Bharathi BS, Hatfield D, Conrad M, Brielmeier M, Schweizer U. Cerebellar hypoplasia in mice lacking selenoprotein biosynthesis in neurons. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:203-10. [PMID: 24599700 PMCID: PMC3984410 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Selenium exerts many, if not most, of its physiological functions as a selenocysteine moiety in proteins. Selenoproteins are involved in many biochemical processes including regulation of cellular redox state, calcium homeostasis, protein biosynthesis, and degradation. A neurodevelopmental syndrome called progressive cerebello-cortical atrophy (PCCA) is caused by mutations in the selenocysteine synthase gene, SEPSECS, demonstrating that selenoproteins are essential for human brain development. While we have shown that selenoproteins are required for correct hippocampal and cortical interneuron development, little is known about the functions of selenoproteins in the cerebellum. Therefore, we have abrogated neuronal selenoprotein biosynthesis by conditional deletion of the gene encoding selenocysteyl tRNA([Ser]Sec) (gene symbol Trsp). Enzymatic activity of cellular glutathione peroxidase and cytosolic thioredoxin reductase is reduced in cerebellar extracts from Trsp-mutant mice. These mice grow slowly and fail to gain postural control or to coordinate their movements. Histological analysis reveals marked cerebellar hypoplasia, associated with Purkinje cell death and decreased granule cell proliferation. Purkinje cell death occurs along parasagittal stripes as observed in other models of Purkinje cell loss. Neuron-specific inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) used the same Cre driver phenocopies tRNA([Ser]Sec) mutants in several aspects: cerebellar hypoplasia, stripe-like Purkinje cell loss, and reduced granule cell proliferation. Parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons (stellate and/or basket cells) are virtually absent in tRNA([Ser]Sec)-mutant mice, while some remained in Gpx4-mutant mice. Our data show that selenoproteins are specifically required in postmitotic neurons of the developing cerebellum, thus providing a rational explanation for cerebellar hypoplasia as occurring in PCCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva K. Wirth
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - B. Suman Bharathi
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dolph Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Munich Germany
| | - Markus Brielmeier
- Abteilung für Vergleichende Medizin, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Pilati S, Brazzale D, Guella G, Milli A, Ruberti C, Biasioli F, Zottini M, Moser C. The onset of grapevine berry ripening is characterized by ROS accumulation and lipoxygenase-mediated membrane peroxidation in the skin. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:87. [PMID: 24693871 PMCID: PMC4021102 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ripening of fleshy fruits is a complex developmental program characterized by extensive transcriptomic and metabolic remodeling in the pericarp tissues (pulp and skin) making unripe green fruits soft, tasteful and colored. The onset of ripening is regulated by a plethora of endogenous signals tuned to external stimuli. In grapevine and tomato, which are classified as non-climacteric and climacteric species respectively, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and extensive modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes at the onset of ripening has been reported, suggesting that ROS could participate to the regulatory network of fruit development. In order to investigate this hypothesis, a comprehensive biochemical study of the oxidative events occurring at the beginning of ripening in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir has been undertaken. RESULTS ROS-specific staining allowed to visualize not only H2O2 but also singlet oxygen (1O2) in berry skin cells just before color change in distinct subcellular locations, i.e. cytosol and plastids. H2O2 peak in sample skins at véraison was confirmed by in vitro quantification and was supported by the concomitant increase of catalase activity. Membrane peroxidation was also observed by HPLC-MS on galactolipid species at véraison. Mono- and digalactosyl diacylglycerols were found peroxidized on one or both α-linolenic fatty acid chains, with a 13(S) absolute configuration implying the action of a specific enzyme. A lipoxygenase (PnLOXA), expressed at véraison and localizing inside the chloroplasts, was indeed able to catalyze membrane galactolipid peroxidation when overexpressed in tobacco leaves. CONCLUSIONS The present work demonstrates the controlled, harmless accumulation of specific ROS in distinct cellular compartments, i.e. cytosol and chloroplasts, at a definite developmental stage, the onset of grape berry ripening. These features strongly candidate ROS as cellular signals in fruit ripening and encourage further studies to identify downstream elements of this cascade. This paper also reports the transient galactolipid peroxidation carried out by a véraison-specific chloroplastic lipoxygenase. The function of peroxidized membranes, likely distinct from that of free fatty acids due to their structural role and tight interaction with photosynthesis protein complexes, has to be ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pilati
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele a/Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Daniele Brazzale
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele a/Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Graziano Guella
- Department of Physics, Bioorganic Chemistry Lab, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Povo, Italy
- CNR, Istituto di Biofisica Trento, Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Alberto Milli
- Department of Physics, Bioorganic Chemistry Lab, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Cristina Ruberti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele a/Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele a/Adige, TN, Italy
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Frijhoff J, Dagnell M, Augsten M, Beltrami E, Giorgio M, Östman A. The mitochondrial reactive oxygen species regulator p66Shc controls PDGF-induced signaling and migration through protein tyrosine phosphatase oxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 68:268-77. [PMID: 24378437 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor receptors induce a transient increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels upon receptor binding to promote signaling through oxidation of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Most studies have focused on NADPH oxidases as the dominant source of ROS to induce PTP oxidation. A potential additional regulator of growth factor-induced PTP oxidation is p66Shc, which stimulates mitochondrial ROS production. This study explores the contribution of p66Shc-induced ROS to PTP oxidation and growth factor receptor-induced signaling and migration through analyses of p66Shc-KO fibroblasts and cells with siRNA-mediated p66Shc downregulation. Analyses of PDGFβR phosphorylation in two independent cell systems demonstrated a decrease in PDGFβR phosphorylation after p66Shc deletion or downregulation, which occurred in a partially site-selective and antioxidant-sensitive manner. Deletion of p66Shc also reduced PDGF-induced activation of downstream signaling of Erk, Akt, PLCγ-1, and FAK. Importantly, reduced levels of p66Shc led to decreased oxidation of DEP1, PTP1B, and SHP2 after PDGF stimulation. The cell biological relevance of these findings was indicated by demonstration of a significantly reduced migratory response in PDGF-stimulated p66Shc-KO fibroblasts, consistent with reduced PDGFβR-Y1021 and PLCγ-1 phosphorylation. Downregulation of p66Shc also reduced EGFR phosphorylation and signaling, indicating that the positive role of p66Shc in receptor tyrosine kinase signaling is potentially general. Moreover, downregulation of the mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide scavenger peroxiredoxin 3 increased PDGFβR phosphorylation, showing that mitochondrial ROS in general promote PDGFβR signaling. This study thus identifies a previously unrecognized role for p66Shc in the regulation of PTP oxidation controlling growth factor-induced signaling and migration. In more general terms, the study indicates a regulatory role for mitochondrial-derived ROS in the control of PTP oxidation influencing growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Frijhoff
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Dagnell
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Augsten
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Beltrami
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Arne Östman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Brandes RP, Weissmann N, Schröder K. Redox-mediated signal transduction by cardiovascular Nox NADPH oxidases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 73:70-9. [PMID: 24560815 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The only known function of the Nox family of NADPH oxidases is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some Nox enzymes show high tissue-specific expression and the ROS locally produced are required for synthesis of hormones or tissue components. In the cardiovascular system, Nox enzymes are low abundant and function as redox-modulators. By reacting with thiols, nitric oxide (NO) or trace metals, Nox-derived ROS elicit a plethora of cellular responses required for physiological growth factor signaling and the induction and adaptation to pathological processes. The interactions of Nox-derived ROS with signaling elements in the cardiovascular system are highly diverse and will be detailed in this article, which is part of a Special Issue entitled "Redox Signalling in the Cardiovascular System".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Brandes
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Giessen University Lung Center, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Gießen, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Germany
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Woolley JF, Corcoran A, Groeger G, Landry WD, Cotter TG. Redox-regulated growth factor survival signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013. [PMID: 23198948 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Once the thought of as unwanted byproducts of cellular respiration in eukaryotes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to facilitate essential physiological roles. It is now understood that ROS are critical mediators of intracellular signaling. Control of signal transduction downstream of growth factor receptors by ROS is a complex process whose details are only recently coming to light. RECENT ADVANCES Indeed, recent evidence points to control of signal propagation by ROS at multiple levels in the typical cascade. Growth factor stimulation activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Noxs) at the membrane, producing superoxide in the extracellular matrix, which is catalyzed to the membrane-permeable hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that mediates intracellular signaling events. CRITICAL ISSUES The potential for H2O2, however, to disrupt cellular functions by damaging proteins and nucleic acids demands that its levels are kept in check by receptor-associated peroxiredoxins. This interplay of Nox and peroxiredoxin activity moderates levels of H2O2 sufficiently to modify signaling partners locally. Among the best studied of these partners are redox-controlled phosphatases that are inactivated by H2O2. Phosphatases regulate signal propagation downstream of receptors, and thus their inactivation allows a further level of control. Transmission of information further downstream to targets such as transcription factors, themselves regulated by ROS, completes this pathway. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Thus, signal propagation or attenuation can be dictated by ROS at multiple points. Given the complex nature of these processes, we envisage the emerging trends in the field of redox signaling in the context of growth factor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Woolley
- Tumour Biology Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Bioscience Research Institute, University College , Cork, Ireland
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Blazevic T, Schwaiberger AV, Schreiner CE, Schachner D, Schaible AM, Grojer CS, Atanasov AG, Werz O, Dirsch VM, Heiss EH. 12/15-lipoxygenase contributes to platelet-derived growth factor-induced activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35592-603. [PMID: 24165129 PMCID: PMC3853304 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.489013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We showed previously that the small molecule indirubin-3′-monoxime (I3MO) prevents vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by selectively inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Looking for the underlying upstream molecular mechanism, we here reveal the important role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for PDGF-induced STAT3 activation in VSMC. We show that neither NADPH-dependent oxidases (Noxes) nor mitochondria, but rather 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) are pivotal ROS sources involved in the redox-regulated signal transduction from PDGFR to STAT3. Accordingly, pharmacological and genetic interference with 12/15-LO activity selectively inhibited PDGF-induced Src activation and STAT3 phosphorylation. I3MO is able to blunt PDGF-induced ROS and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) production, indicating an inhibitory action of I3MO on 12/15-LO and consequently on STAT3. We identify 12/15-LO as a hitherto unrecognized signaling hub in PDGF-triggered STAT3 activation and show for the first time a negative impact of I3MO on 12/15-LO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Blazevic
- From the Department for Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria and
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Selective activation of oxidized PTP1B by the thioredoxin system modulates PDGF-β receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:13398-403. [PMID: 23901112 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1302891110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory reversible oxidation of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) is an important regulatory mechanism in growth factor signaling. Studies on PTP oxidation have focused on pathways that increase or decrease reactive oxygen species levels and thereby affect PTP oxidation. The processes involved in reactivation of oxidized PTPs remain largely unknown. Here the role of the thioredoxin (Trx) system in reactivation of oxidized PTPs was analyzed using a combination of in vitro and cell-based assays. Cells lacking the major Trx reductase TrxR1 (Txnrd1(-/-)) displayed increased oxidation of PTP1B, whereas SHP2 oxidation was unchanged. Furthermore, in vivo-oxidized PTP1B was reduced by exogenously added Trx system components, whereas SHP2 oxidation remained unchanged. Trx1 reduced oxidized PTP1B in vitro but failed to reactivate oxidized SHP2. Interestingly, the alternative TrxR1 substrate TRP14 also reactivated oxidized PTP1B, but not SHP2. Txnrd1-depleted cells displayed increased phosphorylation of PDGF-β receptor, and an enhanced mitogenic response, after PDGF-BB stimulation. The TrxR inhibitor auranofin also increased PDGF-β receptor phosphorylation. This effect was not observed in cells specifically lacking PTP1B. Together these results demonstrate that the Trx system, including both Trx1 and TRP14, impacts differentially on the oxidation of individual PTPs, with a preference of PTP1B over SHP2 activation. The studies demonstrate a previously unrecognized pathway for selective redox-regulated control of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
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50
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Wortmann M, Schneider M, Pircher J, Hellfritsch J, Aichler M, Vegi N, Kölle P, Kuhlencordt P, Walch A, Pohl U, Bornkamm GW, Conrad M, Beck H. Combined deficiency in glutathione peroxidase 4 and vitamin E causes multiorgan thrombus formation and early death in mice. Circ Res 2013; 113:408-17. [PMID: 23770613 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.279984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Growing evidence indicates that oxidative stress contributes markedly to endothelial dysfunction. The selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) is an intracellular antioxidant enzyme important for the protection of membranes by its unique activity to reduce complex hydroperoxides in membrane bilayers and lipoprotein particles. Yet a role of Gpx4 in endothelial cell function has remained enigmatic. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Gpx4 ablation and subsequent lipid peroxidation in the vascular compartment in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Endothelium-specific deletion of Gpx4 had no obvious impact on normal vascular homeostasis, nor did it impair tumor-derived angiogenesis in mice maintained on a normal diet. In stark contrast, aortic explants from endothelium-specific Gpx4 knockout mice showed a markedly reduced number of endothelial branches in sprouting assays. To shed light onto this apparent discrepancy between the in vivo and ex vivo results, we depleted mice of a second antioxidant, vitamin E, which is normally absent under ex vivo conditions. Therefore, mice were fed a vitamin E-depleted diet for 6 weeks before endothelial deletion of Gpx4 was induced by 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Surprisingly, ≈80% of the knockout mice died. Histopathological analysis revealed detachment of endothelial cells from the basement membrane and endothelial cell death in multiple organs, which triggered thrombus formation. Thromboembolic events were the likely cause of various clinical pathologies, including heart failure, renal and splenic microinfarctions, and paraplegia. CONCLUSIONS Here, we show for the first time that in the absence of Gpx4, sufficient vitamin E supplementation is crucial for endothelial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wortmann
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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