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Scheggi S, Concas L, Corsi S, Carta M, Melis M, Frau R. Expanding the therapeutic potential of neuro(active)steroids: a promising strategy for hyperdopaminergic behavioral phenotypes. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 164:105842. [PMID: 39103066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Imbalances in dopamine activity significantly contribute to the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including addiction, ADHD, schizophrenia, impulse control disorders, and Parkinson's Disease. Neuro(active)steroids, comprising endogenous steroids that finely modulate neuronal activity, are considered crucial regulators of brain function and behavior, with implications in various physiological processes and pathological conditions. Specifically, subclasses of Neuro(active)steroids belonging to the 5α reductase pathway are prominently involved in brain disorders characterized by dopaminergic signaling imbalances. This review highlights the neuromodulatory effects of Neuro(active)steroids on the dopamine system and related aberrant behavioral phenotypes. We critically appraise the role of pregnenolone, progesterone, and allopregnanolone on dopamine signaling. Additionally, we discuss the impact of pharmacological interventions targeting 5α reductase activity in neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by excessive activation of the dopaminergic system, ranging from psychotic (endo)phenotypes and motor complications to decision-making problems and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Scheggi
- Dept. of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Concas
- Dept. Of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sara Corsi
- Dept. of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Manolo Carta
- Dept. Of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Miriam Melis
- Dept. Of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Frau
- Dept. Of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Guy Everett Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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2
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Hersey M, Mereu M, Jones CS, Bartole MK, Chen AY, Cao J, Hiranita T, Chun LE, Lopez JP, Katz JL, Newman AH, Tanda G. Dual DAT and sigma receptor inhibitors attenuate cocaine effects on nucleus accumbens dopamine dynamics in rats. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2436-2449. [PMID: 38444104 PMCID: PMC11108740 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Psychostimulant use disorders (PSUD) are prevalent; however, no FDA-approved medications have been made available for treatment. Previous studies have shown that dual inhibitors of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and sigma receptors significantly reduce the behavioral/reinforcing effects of cocaine, which have been associated with stimulation of extracellular dopamine (DA) levels resulting from DAT inhibition. Here, we employ microdialysis and fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) procedures to investigate the effects of dual inhibitors of DAT and sigma receptors in combination with cocaine on nucleus accumbens shell (NAS) DA dynamics in naïve male Sprague Dawley rats. In microdialysis studies, administration of rimcazole (3, 10 mg/kg; i.p.) or its structural analog SH 3-24 (1, 3 mg/kg; i.p.), compounds that are dual inhibitors of DAT and sigma receptors, significantly reduced NAS DA efflux stimulated by increasing doses of cocaine (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg; i.v.). Using the same experimental conditions, in FSCV tests, we show that rimcazole pretreatments attenuated cocaine-induced stimulation of evoked NAS DA release but produced no additional effect on DA clearance rate. Under the same conditions, JJC8-091, a modafinil analog and dual inhibitor of DAT and sigma receptors, similarly attenuated cocaine-induced stimulation of evoked NAS DA release but produced no additional effect on DA clearance rate. Our results provide the neurochemical groundwork towards understanding actions of dual inhibitors of DAT and sigma receptors on DA dynamics that likely mediate the behavioral effects of psychostimulants like cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Hersey
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Maddalena Mereu
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Claire S. Jones
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Andy Y. Chen
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jianjing Cao
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Lauren E. Chun
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jessica P. Lopez
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Gianluigi Tanda
- Medication Development Program, NIDA IRP, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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3
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Zhao J, Veeranan-Karmegam R, Baker FC, Mysona BA, Bagchi P, Liu Y, Smith SB, Gonsalvez GB, Bollinger KE. Defining the ligand-dependent proximatome of the sigma 1 receptor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1045759. [PMID: 37351276 PMCID: PMC10284605 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1045759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma 1 Receptor (S1R) is a therapeutic target for a wide spectrum of pathological conditions ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to cancer and COVID-19. S1R is ubiquitously expressed throughout the visceral organs, nervous, immune and cardiovascular systems. It is proposed to function as a ligand-dependent molecular chaperone that modulates multiple intracellular signaling pathways. The purpose of this study was to define the S1R proximatome under native conditions and upon binding to well-characterized ligands. This was accomplished by fusing the biotin ligase, Apex2, to the C terminus of S1R. Cells stably expressing S1R-Apex or a GFP-Apex control were used to map proximal proteins. Biotinylated proteins were labeled under native conditions and in a ligand dependent manner, then purified and identified using quantitative mass spectrometry. Under native conditions, S1R biotinylates over 200 novel proteins, many of which localize within the endomembrane system (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, secretory vesicles) and function within the secretory pathway. Under conditions of cellular exposure to either S1R agonist or antagonist, results show enrichment of proteins integral to secretion, extracellular matrix formation, and cholesterol biosynthesis. Notably, Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) displays increased binding to S1R under conditions of treatment with Haloperidol, a well-known S1R antagonist; whereas Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) binds more efficiently to S1R upon treatment with (+)-Pentazocine ((+)-PTZ), a classical S1R agonist. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ligand bound state of S1R correlates with specific changes to the cellular secretome. Our results are consistent with the postulated role of S1R as an intracellular chaperone and further suggest important and novel functionalities related to secretion and cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rajalakshmi Veeranan-Karmegam
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Frederick C. Baker
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Barbara A. Mysona
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Pritha Bagchi
- Emory Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yutao Liu
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Graydon B. Gonsalvez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Kathryn E. Bollinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Corsi S, Scheggi S, Pardu A, Braccagni G, Caruso D, Cioffi L, Diviccaro S, Gentile M, Fanni S, Stancampiano R, Gambarana C, Melcangi RC, Frau R, Carta M. Pregnenolone for the treatment of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2023; 363:114370. [PMID: 36878398 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing preclinical and clinical evidence highlights neurosteroid pathway imbalances in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias (LIDs). We recently reported that 5α-reductase (5AR) inhibitors dampen dyskinesias in parkinsonian rats; however, unraveling which specific neurosteroid mediates this effect is critical to optimize a targeted therapy. Among the 5AR-related neurosteroids, striatal pregnenolone has been shown to be increased in response to 5AR blockade and decreased after 6-OHDA lesions in the rat PD model. Moreover, this neurosteroid rescued psychotic-like phenotypes by exerting marked antidopaminergic activity. In light of this evidence, we investigated whether pregnenolone might dampen the appearance of LIDs in parkinsonian drug-naïve rats. We tested 3 escalating doses of pregnenolone (6, 18, 36 mg/kg) in 6-OHDA-lesioned male rats and compared the behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular outcomes with those induced by the 5AR inhibitor dutasteride, as positive control. The results showed that pregnenolone dose-dependently countered LIDs without affecting L-DOPA-induced motor improvements. Post-mortem analyses revealed that pregnenolone significantly prevented the increase of validated striatal markers of dyskinesias, such as phospho-Thr-34 DARPP-32 and phospho-ERK1/2, as well as D1-D3 receptor co-immunoprecipitation in a fashion similar to dutasteride. Moreover, the antidyskinetic effect of pregnenolone was paralleled by reduced striatal levels of BDNF, a well-established factor associated with the development of LIDs. In support of a direct pregnenolone effect, LC/MS-MS analyses revealed that striatal pregnenolone levels strikingly increased after the exogenous administration, with no significant alterations in downstream metabolites. All these data suggest pregnenolone as a key player in the antidyskinetic properties of 5AR inhibitors and highlight this neurosteroid as an interesting novel tool to target LIDs in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Corsi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Simona Scheggi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pardu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Giulia Braccagni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Mauro Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Silvia Fanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy; Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Carla Gambarana
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy; "Guy Everett Laboratory", Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy.
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5
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Vavers E, Zvejniece L, Dambrova M. Sigma-1 receptor and seizures. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106771. [PMID: 37068533 PMCID: PMC10176040 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, sigma-1 receptor (Sig1R) has been recognized as a valid target for the treatment of seizure disorders and seizure-related comorbidities. Clinical trials with Sig1R ligands are underway testing therapies for the treatment of drug-resistant seizures, developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, and photosensitive epilepsy. However, the direct molecular mechanism by which Sig1R modulates seizures and the balance between excitatory and inhibitory pathways has not been fully elucidated. This review article aims to summarize existing knowledge of Sig1R and its involvement in seizures by focusing on the evidence obtained from Sig1R knockout animals and the anti-seizure effects of Sig1R ligands. In addition, this review article includes a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of existing compounds and describes the challenges and future perspectives on the use of Sig1R as a target for the treatment of seizure disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edijs Vavers
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia; University of Tartu, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Liga Zvejniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradiņš University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Konsula 21, LV-1007, Riga, Latvia
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6
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Munguia-Galaviz FJ, Miranda-Diaz AG, Cardenas-Sosa MA, Echavarria R. Sigma-1 Receptor Signaling: In Search of New Therapeutic Alternatives for Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031997. [PMID: 36768323 PMCID: PMC9916216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and renal diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, and regardless of current efforts, there is a demanding need for therapeutic alternatives to reduce their progression to advanced stages. The stress caused by diseases leads to the activation of protective mechanisms in the cell, including chaperone proteins. The Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a ligand-operated chaperone protein that modulates signal transduction during cellular stress processes. Sig-1R interacts with various ligands and proteins to elicit distinct cellular responses, thus, making it a potential target for pharmacological modulation. Furthermore, Sig-1R ligands activate signaling pathways that promote cardioprotection, ameliorate ischemic injury, and drive myofibroblast activation and fibrosis. The role of Sig-1R in diseases has also made it a point of interest in developing clinical trials for pain, neurodegeneration, ischemic stroke, depression in patients with heart failure, and COVID-19. Sig-1R ligands in preclinical models have significantly beneficial effects associated with improved cardiac function, ventricular remodeling, hypertrophy reduction, and, in the kidney, reduced ischemic damage. These basic discoveries could inform clinical trials for heart failure (HF), myocardial hypertrophy, acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we review Sig-1R signaling pathways and the evidence of Sig-1R modulation in preclinical cardiac and renal injury models to support the potential therapeutic use of Sig-1R agonists and antagonists in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Munguia-Galaviz
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Division de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzman 49000, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Diaz
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Miguel Alejandro Cardenas-Sosa
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Raquel Echavarria
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Liu L, Li J, Wang C, Xu Y, Leung CK, Yang G, Lin S, Zhang S, Tan Y, Zhang H, Wang H, Liu J, Li M, Zeng X. Cannabidiol attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in male rats and viability in PC12 cells through the Sigma1R/AKT/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:548-561. [PMID: 35881880 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2073450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Methamphetamine use is associated with several negative consequences, including neurotoxicity and greater probability of exhibiting a substance use disorder. Sigma1 receptor is involved in the neurobiological basis of several drug use disorders. Cannabidiol has received attention in the treatment of drug use disorders and neurotoxicity. Objectives: To investigate the effects of cannabidiol on methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and the viability of PC12 cells. Methods: Adult male rats (n = 70) underwent methamphetamine (2 mg/kg, IP) induced CPP, and were administered cannabidiol (10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg, IP) during the methamphetamine withdrawal period for five consecutive days. Methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) was then injected to reactivate CPP. Four brain regions (ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus) were extracted after the last test. PC12 cells were treated with cannabidiol, Sigma1R-siRNA, or BD1047 before methamphetamine exposure. Results: Administration of 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg cannabidiol facilitated CPP extinction (80 mg/kg, p < .001) and prevented CPP development (80 mg/kg, p < .0001). This was associated with changes in the expression of Sigma1R (ventral tegmental area, 80 mg/kg, p < .0001) in the four brain regions. Cannabidiol protected the PC12 cell's viability (10 μM, p = .0008) and inhibited the methamphetamine-induced activation of the AKT/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway by mediating Sigma1R (10 μM, p < .0001). Conclusions: Cannabidiol seems to inhibit the rewarding effects of methamphetamine and the effects of this drug on cell viability. Sigma1R should be given further consideration as a potential target for cannabidiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chi-Kwan Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Genmeng Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shucheng Lin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianxing Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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de Bartolomeis A, Vellucci L, Barone A, Manchia M, De Luca V, Iasevoli F, Correll CU. Clozapine's multiple cellular mechanisms: What do we know after more than fifty years? A systematic review and critical assessment of translational mechanisms relevant for innovative strategies in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108236. [PMID: 35764175 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost fifty years after its first introduction into clinical care, clozapine remains the only evidence-based pharmacological option for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), which affects approximately 30% of patients with schizophrenia. Despite the long-time experience with clozapine, the specific mechanism of action (MOA) responsible for its superior efficacy among antipsychotics is still elusive, both at the receptor and intracellular signaling level. This systematic review is aimed at critically assessing the role and specific relevance of clozapine's multimodal actions, dissecting those mechanisms that under a translational perspective could shed light on molecular targets worth to be considered for further innovative antipsychotic development. In vivo and in vitro preclinical findings, supported by innovative techniques and methods, together with pharmacogenomic and in vivo functional studies, point to multiple and possibly overlapping MOAs. To better explore this crucial issue, the specific affinity for 5-HT2R, D1R, α2c, and muscarinic receptors, the relatively low occupancy at dopamine D2R, the interaction with receptor dimers, as well as the potential confounder effects resulting in biased ligand action, and lastly, the role of the moiety responsible for lipophilic and alkaline features of clozapine are highlighted. Finally, the role of transcription and protein changes at the synaptic level, and the possibility that clozapine can directly impact synaptic architecture are addressed. Although clozapine's exact MOAs that contribute to its unique efficacy and some of its severe adverse effects have not been fully understood, relevant information can be gleaned from recent mechanistic understandings that may help design much needed additional therapeutic strategies for TRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea de Bartolomeis
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Licia Vellucci
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Barone
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Felice Iasevoli
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Christoph U Correll
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Levoin N, Murthy AVR, Narendar V, Kumar NS, Aparna P, Bhavani AKD, Reddy CR, Mosset P, Grée R. Discovery of potent dual ligands for dopamine D4 and σ1 receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 69:116851. [PMID: 35753263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During our work on exploration of molecules with some piperidine-triazole scaffolds, we realized that our compounds display chemical similarity with some σ, as well as dopaminergic receptor ligands. Here we show that this series of molecules has indeed strong affinity both for σ1 and dopamine D4 receptors. Moreover, they appear selective towards σ2, dopamine paralogues D1, D2, D3 and D5 receptors and hERG channel. Extensive molecular dynamics with our lead compound AVRM-13 were carried out on σ1, supporting agonist activity of the ligand. Unexpectedly, several observations suggested the existence of a cation binding domain, a probable regulatory site for calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Levoin
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4 rue du Chesnay Beauregard, BP 96205, 35762 Saint Grégoire, France.
| | - Appala Venkata Ramana Murthy
- Chemveda Life Sciences India Pvt. Ltd., #B-11/1, IDA Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 085, Telangana, India
| | - Vennu Narendar
- Chemveda Life Sciences India Pvt. Ltd., #B-11/1, IDA Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pasula Aparna
- Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 085, Telangana, India
| | | | - Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Paul Mosset
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - René Grée
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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10
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Kopanchuk S, Vavers E, Veiksina S, Ligi K, Zvejniece L, Dambrova M, Rinken A. Intracellular dynamics of the Sigma-1 receptor observed with super-resolution imaging microscopy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268563. [PMID: 35584184 PMCID: PMC9116656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (Sig1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related membrane protein, that forms heteromers with other cellular proteins. As the mechanism of action of this chaperone protein remains unclear, the aim of the present study was to detect and analyze the intracellular dynamics of Sig1R in live cells using super-resolution imaging microscopy. For that, the Sig1R-yellow fluorescent protein conjugate (Sig1R-YFP) together with fluorescent markers of cell organelles were transfected into human ovarian adenocarcinoma (SK-OV-3) cells with BacMam technology. Sig1R-YFP was found to be located mainly in the nuclear envelope and in both tubular and vesicular structures of the ER but was not detected in the plasma membrane, even after activation of Sig1R with agonists. The super-resolution radial fluctuations approach (SRRF) performed with a highly inclined and laminated optical sheet (HILO) fluorescence microscope indicated substantial overlap of Sig1R-YFP spots with KDEL-mRFP, slight overlap with pmKate2-mito and no overlap with the markers of endosomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes, or caveolae. Activation of Sig1R with (+)-pentazocine caused a time-dependent decrease in the overlap between Sig1R-YFP and KDEL-mRFP, indicating that the activation of Sig1R decreases its colocalization with the marker of vesicular ER and does not cause comprehensive translocations of Sig1R in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edijs Vavers
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Santa Veiksina
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kadri Ligi
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Maija Dambrova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ago Rinken
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
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11
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Meng F, Xiao Y, Ji Y, Sun Z, Zhou X. An open-like conformation of the sigma-1 receptor reveals its ligand entry pathway. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1267. [PMID: 35273182 PMCID: PMC8913746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is a non-opioid transmembrane receptor which has been implicated in many diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. After more than forty years of research, substantial progress has been made in understanding this unique receptor, yet the molecular mechanism of its ligand entry pathway remains uncertain. Published structures of human σ1R reveal its homotrimeric organization of a cupin-fold β-barrel body that contains the ligand binding site, a carboxy-terminal V-shaped two-helix bundle, and a single amino-terminal transmembrane helix, while simulation studies have suggested a ligand entry pathway that is generated by conformational rearrangements of the cupin-fold domain. Here, we present multiple crystal structures, including an open-like conformation, of σ1R from Xenopus laevis. Together with functional binding analysis our data suggest that access to the σ1R ligand binding site is likely achieved by protein conformational changes that involve the carboxy-terminal two-helix bundle, rather than structural changes in the cupin-fold domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhui Meng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Rare Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Rare Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yujia Ji
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Rare Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Rare Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Rare Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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12
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Chen J, Li G, Qin P, Chen J, Ye N, Waddington JL, Zhen X. Allosteric Modulation of the Sigma-1 Receptor Elicits Antipsychotic-like Effects. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:474-484. [PMID: 34865170 PMCID: PMC8886599 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric modulation represents an important approach in drug discovery because of its advantages in safety and selectivity. SOMCL-668 is the first selective and potent sigma-1 receptor allosteric modulator, discovered in our laboratory. The present work investigates the potential therapeutic effects of SOMCL-668 on phencyclidine (PCP)-induced schizophrenia-related behavior in mice and further elucidates underlying mechanisms for its antipsychotic-like effects. SOMCL-668 not only attenuated acute PCP-induced hyperactivity and PPI disruption, but also ameliorated social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by chronic PCP treatment. Pretreatment with the selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD1047 blocked the effects of SOMCL-668, indicating sigma-1 receptor-mediated responses. This was confirmed using sigma-1 receptor knockout mice, in which SOMCL-668 failed to ameliorate PPI disruption and hyperactivity induced by acute PCP and social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by chronic PCP treatment. Additionally, in vitro SOMCL-668 exerted positive modulation of sigma-1 receptor agonist-induced intrinsic plasticity in brain slices recorded by patch-clamp. Furthermore, in vivo lower dose of SOMCL-668 exerted positive modulation of improvement in social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by the selective sigma-1 agonist PRE084. Also, SOMCL-668 reversed chronic PCP-induced down-regulation in expression of frontal cortical p-AKT/AKT, p-CREB/CREB and BDNF in wide-type but not sigma-1 knockout mice. Moreover, administration of the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 abolished amelioration by SOMCL-668 of chronic PCP-induced schizophrenia-related behaviors by inhibition of BDNF expression. The present data provide initial, proof-of-concept evidence that allosteric modulation of the sigma-1 receptor may be a novel approach for the treatment of psychotic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangying Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingping Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - John L Waddington
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Jones-Tabah J, Mohammad H, Paulus EG, Clarke PBS, Hébert TE. The Signaling and Pharmacology of the Dopamine D1 Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:806618. [PMID: 35110997 PMCID: PMC8801442 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.806618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is a Gαs/olf-coupled GPCR that is expressed in the midbrain and forebrain, regulating motor behavior, reward, motivational states, and cognitive processes. Although the D1R was initially identified as a promising drug target almost 40 years ago, the development of clinically useful ligands has until recently been hampered by a lack of suitable candidate molecules. The emergence of new non-catechol D1R agonists, biased agonists, and allosteric modulators has renewed clinical interest in drugs targeting this receptor, specifically for the treatment of motor impairment in Parkinson's Disease, and cognitive impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders. To develop better therapeutics, advances in ligand chemistry must be matched by an expanded understanding of D1R signaling across cell populations in the brain, and in disease states. Depending on the brain region, the D1R couples primarily to either Gαs or Gαolf through which it activates a cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling cascade that can regulate neuronal excitability, stimulate gene expression, and facilitate synaptic plasticity. However, like many GPCRs, the D1R can signal through multiple downstream pathways, and specific signaling signatures may differ between cell types or be altered in disease. To guide development of improved D1R ligands, it is important to understand how signaling unfolds in specific target cells, and how this signaling affects circuit function and behavior. In this review, we provide a summary of D1R-directed signaling in various neuronal populations and describe how specific pathways have been linked to physiological and behavioral outcomes. In addition, we address the current state of D1R drug development, including the pharmacology of newly developed non-catecholamine ligands, and discuss the potential utility of D1R-agonists in Parkinson's Disease and cognitive impairment.
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14
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Szczepańska K, Podlewska S, Dichiara M, Gentile D, Patamia V, Rosier N, Mönnich D, Ruiz Cantero MC, Karcz T, Łażewska D, Siwek A, Pockes S, Cobos EJ, Marrazzo A, Stark H, Rescifina A, Bojarski AJ, Amata E, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Structural and Molecular Insight into Piperazine and Piperidine Derivatives as Histamine H 3 and Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonists with Promising Antinociceptive Properties. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1-15. [PMID: 34908391 PMCID: PMC8739840 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to extend recent studies showing that some clinically evaluated histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists possess nanomolar affinity at sigma-1 receptors (σ1R), we selected 20 representative structures among our previously reported H3R ligands to investigate their affinity at σRs. Most of the tested compounds interact with both sigma receptors to different degrees. However, only six of them showed higher affinity toward σ1R than σ2R with the highest binding preference to σ1R for compounds 5, 11, and 12. Moreover, all these ligands share a common structural feature: the piperidine moiety as the fundamental part of the molecule. It is most likely a critical structural element for dual H3/σ1 receptor activity as can be seen by comparing the data for compounds 4 and 5 (hH3R Ki = 3.17 and 7.70 nM, σ1R Ki = 1531 and 3.64 nM, respectively), where piperidine is replaced by piperazine. We identified the putative protein-ligand interactions responsible for their high affinity using molecular modeling techniques and selected compounds 5 and 11 as lead structures for further evaluation. Interestingly, both ligands turned out to be high-affinity histamine H3 and σ1 receptor antagonists with negligible affinity at the other histamine receptor subtypes and promising antinociceptive activity in vivo. Considering that many literature data clearly indicate high preclinical efficacy of individual selective σ1 or H3R ligands in various pain models, our research might be a breakthrough in the search for novel, dual-acting compounds that can improve existing pain therapies. Determining whether such ligands are more effective than single-selective drugs will be the subject of our future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Sabina Podlewska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Gentile
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Niklas Rosier
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Denise Mönnich
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ma Carmen Ruiz Cantero
- Department
of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center)
and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department
of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Enrique J. Cobos
- Department
of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center)
and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrzej J. Bojarski
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
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15
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Sałaciak K, Pytka K. Revisiting the sigma-1 receptor as a biological target to treat affective and cognitive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 132:1114-1136. [PMID: 34736882 PMCID: PMC8559442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression and cognitive disorders are diseases with complex and not-fully understood etiology. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically increased the prevalence of both conditions. Since the current treatments are inadequate in many patients, there is a constant need for discovering new compounds, which will be more effective in ameliorating depressive symptoms and treating cognitive decline. Proteins attracting much attention as potential targets for drugs treating these conditions are sigma-1 receptors. Sigma-1 receptors are multi-functional proteins localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes, which play a crucial role in cellular signal transduction by interacting with receptors, ion channels, lipids, and kinases. Changes in their functions and expression may lead to various diseases, including depression or memory impairments. Thus, sigma-1 receptor modulation might be useful in treating these central nervous system diseases. Importantly, two sigma-1 receptor ligands entered clinical trials, showing that this compound group possesses therapeutic potential. Therefore, based on preclinical studies, this review discusses whether the sigma-1 receptor could be a promising target for drugs treating affective and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałaciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
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16
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Connection Lost, MAM: Errors in ER-Mitochondria Connections in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111437. [PMID: 34827436 PMCID: PMC8615542 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs), as the name suggests, are the membranes that physically and biochemically connect mitochondria with endoplasmic reticulum. MAMs not only structurally but also functionally connect these two important organelles within the cell which were previously thought to exist independently. There are multiple points of communication between ER-mitochondria and MAMs play an important role in both ER and mitochondria functions such as Ca2+ homeostasis, proteostasis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, movement, and mitophagy. The number of disease-related proteins and genes being associated with MAMs has been continually on the rise since its discovery. There is an overwhelming overlap between the biochemical functions of MAMs and processes affected in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). Thus, MAMs have received well-deserving and much delayed attention as modulators for ER-mitochondria communication and function. This review briefly discusses the recent progress made in this now fast developing field full of promise for very exciting future therapeutic discoveries.
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17
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Casanovas M, Jiménez-Rosés M, Cordomí A, Lillo A, Vega-Quiroga I, Izquierdo J, Medrano M, Gysling K, Pardo L, Navarro G, Franco R. Discovery of a macromolecular complex mediating the hunger suppressive actions of cocaine: Structural and functional properties. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13017. [PMID: 33559278 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine not only increases brain dopamine levels but also activates the sigma1 receptor (σ1 R) that in turn regulates orexigenic receptor function. Identification of interactions involving dopamine D1 (D1 R), ghrelin (GHS-R1a ), and σ1 receptors have been addressed by biophysical techniques and a complementation approach using interfering peptides. The effect of cocaine on receptor functionality was assayed by measuring second messenger, cAMP and Ca2+ , levels. The effect of acute or chronic cocaine administration on receptor complex expression was assayed by in situ proximity ligation assay. In silico procedures were used for molecular model building. σ1 R KO mice were used for confirming involvement of this receptor. Upon identification of protomer interaction and receptor functionality, a unique structural model for the macromolecular complex formed by σ1 R, D1 R, and GHS-R1a is proposed. The functionality of the complex, able to couple to both Gs and Gq proteins, is affected by cocaine binding to the σ1 R, as confirmed using samples from σ1 R-/- mice. The expression of the macromolecular complex was differentially affected upon acute and chronic cocaine administration to rats. The constructed 3D model is consistent with biochemical, biophysical, and available structural data. The σ1 R, D1 R, and GHS-R1a complex constitutes a functional unit that is altered upon cocaine binding to the σ1 R. Remarkably, the heteromer can simultaneously couple to two G proteins, thus allowing dopamine to signal via Ca2+ and ghrelin via cAMP. The anorexic action of cocaine is mediated by such complex whose expression is higher after acute than after chronic administration regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Casanovas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Jiménez-Rosés
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Cordomí
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Quiroga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joan Izquierdo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Medrano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katia Gysling
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Aishwarya R, Abdullah CS, Morshed M, Remex NS, Bhuiyan MS. Sigmar1's Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Functions in Regulating Cellular Pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:705575. [PMID: 34305655 PMCID: PMC8293995 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional inter-organelle signaling chaperone protein playing a diverse role in cellular survival. Recessive mutation in Sigmar1 have been identified as a causative gene for neuronal and neuromuscular disorder. Since the discovery over 40 years ago, Sigmar1 has been shown to contribute to numerous cellular functions, including ion channel regulation, protein quality control, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial communication, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, autophagy activation, and involved in cellular survival. Alterations in Sigmar1’s subcellular localization, expression, and signaling has been implicated in the progression of a wide range of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic brain injury, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic retinopathy, cancer, and drug addiction. The goal of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of Sigmar1 biology focusing the recent discoveries on Sigmar1’s molecular, cellular, pathophysiological, and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Mahboob Morshed
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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19
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Quadir SG, Tanino SM, Sami YN, Minnig MA, Iyer MR, Rice KC, Cottone P, Sabino V. Antagonism of Sigma-1 receptor blocks heavy alcohol drinking and associated hyperalgesia in male mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1398-1407. [PMID: 34060104 PMCID: PMC8295198 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex psychiatric disease characterized by high alcohol intake as well as hyperkatifeia and hyperalgesia during withdrawal. A role for Sigma-1 receptors (Sig-1Rs) in the rewarding and reinforcing effects of alcohol has started to emerge in recent years, as rat studies have indicated that Sig-1R hyperactivity may result in excessive alcohol drinking. Sig-1R studies in mice are very scarce, and its potential role in alcohol-induced hyperalgesia is also unknown. METHODS In this study, we investigated the role of Sig-1R in alcohol drinking and associated hyperalgesia in male mice, using an intermittent access 2-bottle choice model of heavy drinking. RESULTS The Sig-1R antagonist BD-1063 was found dose dependently to reduce both alcohol intake and preference, without affecting either water or sucrose intake, suggesting that the effects are specific for alcohol. Notably, the ability of BD-1063 to suppress ethanol intake correlated with the individual baseline levels of alcohol drinking, suggesting that the treatment was more efficacious in heavy drinking animals. In addition, BD-1063 reversed alcohol-induced hyperalgesia during withdrawal, assessed using an automatic Hargreaves test, without affecting thermal sensitivity in alcohol-naïve animals or locomotor activity in either group. CONCLUSIONS These data show that Sig-1R antagonism dose-dependently reduced ethanol consumption in heavy drinking mice as well as its efficacy in reducing alcohol-induced hyperalgesia. These findings provide a foundation for the development of novel treatments for AUD and associated pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema G. Quadir
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean M. Tanino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasmine N. Sami
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret A. Minnig
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pietro Cottone
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Sabino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Voronin MV, Vakhitova YV, Tsypysheva IP, Tsypyshev DO, Rybina IV, Kurbanov RD, Abramova EV, Seredenin SB. Involvement of Chaperone Sigma1R in the Anxiolytic Effect of Fabomotizole. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5455. [PMID: 34064275 PMCID: PMC8196847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (chaperone Sigma1R) is an intracellular protein with chaperone functions, which is expressed in various organs, including the brain. Sigma1R participates in the regulation of physiological mechanisms of anxiety (Su, T. P. et al., 2016) and reactions to emotional stress (Hayashi, T., 2015). In 2006, fabomotizole (ethoxy-2-[2-(morpholino)-ethylthio]benzimidazole dihydrochloride) was registered in Russia as an anxiolytic (Seredenin S. and Voronin M., 2009). The molecular targets of fabomotizole are Sigma1R, NRH: quinone reductase 2 (NQO2), and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) (Seredenin S. and Voronin M., 2009). The current study aimed to clarify the dependence of fabomotizole anxiolytic action on its interaction with Sigma1R and perform a docking analysis of fabomotizole interaction with Sigma1R. An elevated plus maze (EPM) test revealed that the anxiolytic-like effect of fabomotizole (2.5 mg/kg i.p.) administered to male BALB/c mice 30 min prior EPM exposition was blocked by Sigma1R antagonists BD-1047 (1.0 mg/kg i.p.) and NE-100 (1.0 mg/kg i.p.) pretreatment. Results of initial in silico study showed that fabomotizole locates in the active center of Sigma1R, reproducing the interactions with the site's amino acids common for established Sigma1R ligands, with the ΔGbind value closer to that of agonist (+)-pentazocine in the 6DK1 binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Voronin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.P.T.); (D.O.T.); (I.V.R.); (R.D.K.); (E.V.A.)
| | - Yulia V. Vakhitova
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.P.T.); (D.O.T.); (I.V.R.); (R.D.K.); (E.V.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergei B. Seredenin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, Baltiyskaya Street 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (I.P.T.); (D.O.T.); (I.V.R.); (R.D.K.); (E.V.A.)
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21
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Misganaw D. Heteromerization of dopaminergic receptors in the brain: Pharmacological implications. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105600. [PMID: 33836279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine exerts its physiological effects through two subtypes of receptors, i.e. the receptors of the D1 family (D1R and D5R) and the D2 family (D2R, D3R, and D4R), which differ in their pattern of distribution, affinity, and signaling. The D1-like subfamily (D1R and D5R) are coupled to Gαs/olf proteins to activate adenylyl cyclase whereas the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gαi/o subunits and suppress the activity of adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine receptors are capable of forming homodimers, heterodimers, and higher-order oligomeric complexes, resulting in a change in the individual protomers' recognition, signaling, and pharmacology. Heteromerization has the potential to modify the canonical pharmacological features of individual monomeric units such as ligand affinity, activation, signaling, and cellular trafficking through allosteric interactions, reviving the field and introducing a new pharmacological target. Since heteromers are expressed and formed in a tissue-specific manner, they could provide the framework to design selective and effective drug candidates, such as brain-penetrant heterobivalent drugs and interfering peptides, with limited side effects. Therefore, heteromerization could be a promising area of pharmacology research, as it could contribute to the development of novel pharmacological interventions for dopamine dysregulated brain disorders such as addiction, schizophrenia, cognition, Parkinson's disease, and other motor-related disorders. This review is articulated based on the three criteria established by the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology for GPCR heterodimers (IUPHAR): evidence of co-localization and physical interactions in native or primary tissue, presence of a new physiological and functional property than the individual protomers, and loss of interaction and functional fingerprints upon heterodimer disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desye Misganaw
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
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22
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Cortés-Montero E, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Garzón-Niño J. Human HINT1 Mutant Proteins that Cause Axonal Motor Neuropathy Exhibit Anomalous Interactions with Partner Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1834-1845. [PMID: 33404983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 14 kDa histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is critical to maintain the normal function of motor neurons. Thus, a series of human HINT1 mutants cause autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. HINT1 establishes a series of regulatory interactions with signaling proteins, some of which are enriched in motor neurons, such as the type 1 sigma receptor or intracellular domain (ICD) of transmembrane teneurin 1, both of which are also implicated in motor disturbances. In a previous study, we reported the capacity of HINT1 to remove the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) from a series of substrates and the influence of HINT1 mutants on this activity. We now report how human HINT1 mutations affect the interaction of HINT1 with the regulator of its SUMOylase activity, calcium-activated calmodulin, and its substrate SUMO. Moreover, HINT1 mutants exhibited anomalous interactions with G protein coupled receptors, such as the mu-opioid, and with glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors as well. Additionally, these HINT1 mutants showed impaired associations with transcriptional regulators such as the regulator of G protein signaling Z2 protein and the cleaved N-terminal ICD of teneurin 1. Thus, the altered enzymatic activity of human HINT1 mutants and their anomalous interactions with partner proteins may disrupt signaling pathways essential to the normal function of human motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Garzón-Niño
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Battista T, Pascarella G, Staid DS, Colotti G, Rosati J, Fiorillo A, Casamassa A, Vescovi AL, Giabbai B, Semrau MS, Fanelli S, Storici P, Squitieri F, Morea V, Ilari A. Known Drugs Identified by Structure-Based Virtual Screening Are Able to Bind Sigma-1 Receptor and Increase Growth of Huntington Disease Patient-Derived Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1293. [PMID: 33525510 PMCID: PMC7865886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a devastating and presently untreatable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressively disabling motor and mental manifestations. The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is a protein expressed in the central nervous system, whose 3D structure has been recently determined by X-ray crystallography and whose agonists have been shown to have neuroprotective activity in neurodegenerative diseases. To identify therapeutic agents against HD, we have implemented a drug repositioning strategy consisting of: (i) Prediction of the ability of the FDA-approved drugs publicly available through the ZINC database to interact with σ1R by virtual screening, followed by computational docking and visual examination of the 20 highest scoring drugs; and (ii) Assessment of the ability of the six drugs selected by computational analyses to directly bind purified σ1R in vitro by Surface Plasmon Resonance and improve the growth of fibroblasts obtained from HD patients, which is significantly impaired with respect to control cells. All six of the selected drugs proved able to directly bind purified σ1R in vitro and improve the growth of HD cells from both or one HD patient. These results support the validity of the drug repositioning procedure implemented herein for the identification of new therapeutic tools against HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Battista
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianmarco Pascarella
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - David Sasah Staid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Jessica Rosati
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (J.R.); (A.C.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Annarita Fiorillo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessia Casamassa
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (J.R.); (A.C.); (A.L.V.)
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Angelo Luigi Vescovi
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (J.R.); (A.C.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Barbara Giabbai
- Protein Facility, Structural Biology Lab, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Italy; (B.G.); (M.S.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Marta Stefania Semrau
- Protein Facility, Structural Biology Lab, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Italy; (B.G.); (M.S.S.); (P.S.)
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Sergio Fanelli
- Huntington and Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (S.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Paola Storici
- Protein Facility, Structural Biology Lab, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Italy; (B.G.); (M.S.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Ferdinando Squitieri
- Huntington and Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (S.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Veronica Morea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (T.B.); (G.P.); (D.S.S.); (G.C.)
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Perić V, Golubović M, Lazarević M, Marjanović V, Kostić T, Đorđević M, Milić D, Veselinović AM. Development of potential therapeutics for pain treatment by inducing Sigma 1 receptor antagonism – in silico approach. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00883h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
QSAR modeling with computer-aided drug design were used for the in silico development of novel therapeutics for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velimir Perić
- Department for Cardiac Surgery
- Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy
- Clinical Center Niš
- Niš
- Serbia
| | - Mladjan Golubović
- Department for Cardiac Surgery
- Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy
- Clinical Center Niš
- Niš
- Serbia
| | - Milan Lazarević
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Chemistry
- Medical School of Niš
- University of Niš
- 18000 Niš
| | - Vesna Marjanović
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Chemistry
- Medical School of Niš
- University of Niš
- 18000 Niš
| | - Tomislav Kostić
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Chemistry
- Medical School of Niš
- University of Niš
- 18000 Niš
| | - Miodrag Đorđević
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Chemistry
- Medical School of Niš
- University of Niš
- 18000 Niš
| | - Dragan Milić
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Chemistry
- Medical School of Niš
- University of Niš
- 18000 Niš
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25
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Szczepańska K, Kuder KJ, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Dual-targeting Approach on Histamine H 3 and Sigma-1 Receptor Ligands as Promising Pharmacological Tools in the Treatment of CNS-linked Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2974-2995. [PMID: 32767910 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200806103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With the recent market approval of Pitolisant (Wakix®), the interest in clinical application for novel multifunctional histamine H3 receptor antagonists has clearly increased. Several combinations of different H3R pharmacophores with pharmacophoric elements of other G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, or enzymes have been synthesized by numerous pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions. Since central nervous system disorders are characterized by diverse physiological dysfunctions and deregulations of a complex network of signaling pathways, optimal multipotent drugs should simultaneously and peculiarly modulate selected groups of biological targets. Interestingly, very recent studies have shown that some clinically evaluated histamine H3 receptor antagonists possess a nanomolar affinity for sigma-1 receptor binding sites, suggesting that this property might play a role in their overall efficacy. The sigma-1 receptor, unusual and yet obscure protein, is supposed to be involved in numerous CNS pathologies through neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. These two different biological structures, histamine H3 and sigma-1 receptors, combined, can represent a potential fruitful target for therapeutic developments in tackling numerous human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Kamil J Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
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26
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Porter M, Xiao H, Maity S, Vail N, Smith SB, Topczewski JJ. Enhanced Affinity for 3-Amino-Chromane-Derived σ 1 Receptor Ligands. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32724-32737. [PMID: 33376910 PMCID: PMC7758967 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The σ1 receptor is implicated in regulating a diverse range of physiology and is a target for developing therapies for cancer, pain management, neural degradation, and COVID-19. This report describes 36 phenethylamine-containing 3-amino-chromane ligands, which bind to σ1 with low nM affinities. The family consists of 18 distinct compounds and each enantiomer was independently assayed. Three compounds with the greatest affinity bind in the 2 nM K i range (∼8.7 pK i). Furthermore, ligands with the (3R,4R) absolute stereochemistry on the 3-amino-chromane core have a higher affinity and greater σ1 versus TMEM97 selectivity. The most promising ligands were assayed in 661W cells, which did not show significant protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
R. Porter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin
Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical
College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James
and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Sanjay Maity
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin
Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nora Vail
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin
Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical
College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James
and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia
at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin
Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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27
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Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Cortés-Montero E, Garzón-Niño J, Sánchez-Blázquez P. The ALS-related σ1R E102Q Mutant Eludes Ligand Control and Exhibits Anomalous Response to Calcium. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7339. [PMID: 33020464 PMCID: PMC7582951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma receptor type 1 (σ1R) is a transmembrane protein expressed throughout the central nervous system and in certain peripheral tissues. The human σ1R E102Q mutation causes juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), likely by inducing a series of alterations in calcium efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria that affects calcium homeostasis and cellular survival. Here, we report the influence of calcium on σ1R E102Q associations with glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and transient receptor potential calcium channels A1, V1, and M8. The mutant protein inhibited the binding of calmodulin to these calcium channels and interacted less with BiP than wild-type σ1R, thereby contributing to calcium homeostasis dysfunction. Mutant σ1R, but not wild-type σ1R, strongly bound to histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1, which regulates neuromuscular synaptic organization and target selection through teneurin 1. While ligands regulated the association of σ1R wild-type with NMDARs and BiP, they failed to modulate the interaction between these proteins and the σ1R E102Q mutant. Thus, the σ1R E102Q mutant exhibited an anomalous response to cytosolic calcium levels, altered affinity for target proteins, and a loss of response to regulatory ligands. We believe that these modifications may contribute to the onset of juvenile ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce, 37. 28002 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-M.); (E.C.-M.); (J.G.-N.)
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28
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Hong WC. Distinct Regulation of σ 1 Receptor Multimerization by Its Agonists and Antagonists in Transfected Cells and Rat Liver Membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:290-301. [PMID: 32060048 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.262790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies have shown that the σ 1 receptor (σ 1R) interacts with and modulates the activity of multiple proteins with important biological functions. Recent crystal structures of σ 1R as a homotrimer differ from a dimer-tetramer model postulated earlier. It remains inconclusive whether ligand binding regulates σ 1R oligomerization. Here, novel nondenaturing gel methods and mutational analysis were used to examine σ 1R oligomerization. In transfected cells, σ 1R exhibited as multimers, dimers, and monomers. Overall, σ 1R agonists decreased, whereas σ 1R antagonists increased σ 1R multimers, suggesting that agonists and antagonists differentially affect the stability of σ 1R multimers. Endogenous σ 1R in rat liver membranes also showed similar regulation of oligomerization as in cells. Mutations at key residues lining the trimerization interface (Arg119, Asp195, Phe191, Trp136, and Gly91) abolished multimerization without disrupting dimerization. Intriguingly, truncation of the N terminus reduced σ 1R to apparent monomer. These results demonstrate that multiple domains play crucial roles in coordinating high-order quaternary organization of σ 1R. The E102Q σ 1R mutant implicated in juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis formed dimers only, suggesting that dysregulation of σ 1R multimeric assembly may impair its function. Interestingly, oligomerization of σ 1R was pH-dependent and correlated with changes in [3H](+)-pentazocine binding affinity and Bmax Combined with mutational analysis, it is reasoned that σ 1R multimers possess high-affinity and high-capacity [3H](+)-pentazocine binding, whereas monomers likely lack binding. These results suggest that σ 1R may exist in interconvertible oligomeric states in a dynamic equilibrium. Further exploration of ligand-regulated σ 1R multimerization may provide novel approaches to modulate the function of σ 1R and its interacting proteins. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The σ 1 receptor (σ 1R) modulates the activities of various partner proteins. Recently, crystal structures of σ 1R were elucidated as homotrimers. This study used novel nondenaturing gel methods to examine σ1R oligomerization in transfected cells and rat liver membranes. Overall, agonist binding decreased, whereas antagonist binding increased σ 1R multimers, which comprised trimers and larger units. σ 1R multimers were shown to bind [3H](+)-pentazocine with high affinity and high capacity. Furthermore, mutational analysis revealed a crucial role of its N-terminal domain in σ 1R multimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Conrad Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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29
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Sigma receptor-induced heavy drinking in rats: Modulation by the opioid receptor system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 192:172914. [PMID: 32205151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, for which new efficacious treatments are necessary. The opioid receptor system is a mediator of the rewarding effects of alcohol; in particular, while activation of μ opioid receptors enhances ethanol intake in rodents, opioid-receptor antagonists, such as naloxone and naltrexone, reduce its pleasurable and reinforcing effects, thereby decreasing alcohol. Sigma receptors (Sig-Rs) have been proposed as modulators of the effects of alcohol and, therefore, as a potential new pharmacological target for AUD. Somewhat analogously to μ opioid ligands, SigR agonists increase, while SigR antagonists decrease alcohol intake in animal models of excessive alcohol drinking. However, a potential cross-talk between these two receptor systems in relation to alcohol consumption has so far not been investigated. Here, we addressed this question pharmacologically, by testing the effects of either activating or inhibiting opioid receptors on the heavy alcohol drinking induced by chronic stimulation of SigR in alcohol-preferring rats. We found that the opioid receptor agonist morphine, which per se increases ethanol intake, at a sub-threshold dose reduces the binge-like drinking induced by the repeated treatment with the SigR agonist 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG); conversely, the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone, which per se reduces ethanol intake, at a sub-threshold dose potentiates the DTG-induced binge-like drinking. Our data show a cross-talk between the opioid and SigR systems relevant to the modulation of alcohol drinking, which provides important insights into the neurobiology of AUD and may lead to the development of novel therapies, either standalone or in combination.
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30
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Acute cocaine treatment enhances the antagonistic allosteric adenosine A2A-dopamine D2 receptor-receptor interactions in rat dorsal striatum without increasing significantly extracellular dopamine levels. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:332-339. [PMID: 32124388 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antagonistic adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) receptor-receptor interactions have previously been demonstrated in A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the rat dorsal striatum. They mainly involve a reduction of affinity in the high-affinity component of the D2R agonist binding site upon activation in vivo of the A2AR by an A2AR agonist. Upon cocaine self-administration, this antagonistic A2AR-D2R interaction disappeared in the dorsal striatum. METHODS In the current experiments, it was tested whether such modifications in the antagonistic A2AR-D2R receptor-receptor interactions can develop also after an acute systemic injection of a low cocaine dose (1 mg/kg; sc). RESULTS Microdialysis experiments indicated that acute cocaine did not significantly alter the extracellular dopamine levels in the dorsal striatum of the awake Wistar rats. Competition dopamine receptor binding experiments demonstrated that in the acute cocaine group, the A2AR agonist CGS-21680 produced significantly larger increases in the D2R Ki, High values (reduction of high-affinity) versus the saline-injected (i.e. control) group. Furthermore, in the dorsal striatum membrane preparation from acute cocaine-injected rats, CGS-21680 also produced significant increases in the D2R Ki, Low values (reduction of low-affinity) and in the proportion of D2Rs in the high-affinity state (RH). Such significant effects were not observed with CGS-21680 in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The molecular mechanism involved in the acute cocaine-induced increase in the antagonistic allosteric A2AR-D2R receptor-receptor interactions may be an increased formation of higher-order complexes A2AR-D2R-sigma1R in which cocaine by binding to the sigma1R protomer also allosterically enhances the inhibitory A2AR-D2R interaction in this receptor complex.
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Gao S, Zhang H, He J, Zheng H, Zhang P, Xu J, Shen Z, Zhao H, Wang F, Hu Z, Chen J. Neuronal HMGB1 in nucleus accumbens regulates cocaine reward memory. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12739. [PMID: 31056833 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine is a common abused drug that can induce abnormal synaptic and immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is one kind of inflammatory molecules that is expressed both on neurons and immune cells. Previous studies of HMGB1 in the CNS have largely focused on immune function, and the role of HMGB1 in neurons and cocaine addiction remains unknown. Here, we show that cocaine exposure induced the translocation and release of HMGB1 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons. Gain and loss of HMGB1 in the NAc bidirectionally regulate cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. From the nucleus to the cytosol, HMGB1 binds to glutamate receptor subunits (GluA2/GluN2B) on the membrane, which regulates cocaine-induced synaptic adaptation and the formation of cocaine-related memory. These data unveil the role of HMGB1 in neurons and provide the evidence for the HMGB1 involvement in drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang‐Qi Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic EvaluationHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain ResearchHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological DiseasesHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education of China Wuhan China
| | - Jin‐Gang He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hui‐Ling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Pei‐Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jun‐Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zu‐Cheng Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Huan‐Huan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic EvaluationHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain ResearchHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Collaborative‐Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological DiseasesHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education of China Wuhan China
| | - Zhuang‐Li Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic EvaluationHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain ResearchHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological DiseasesHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education of China Wuhan China
| | - Jian‐Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic EvaluationHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain ResearchHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Collaborative‐Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurological DiseasesHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education of China Wuhan China
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Tapia MA, Sage AS, Fullerton EI, Judd JM, Hildebrant PC, Will MJ, Lever SZ, Lever JR, Miller DK. The sigma receptor ligand N-phenylpropyl-N'-(4-methoxyphenethyl)3piperazine (YZ-067) enhances the cocaine conditioned-rewarding properties while inhibiting the development of sensitization of cocaine in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:723-734. [PMID: 31822924 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The N-phenylpropyl-N'-substituted piperazines SA-4503 (N-phenylpropyl-N'-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)piperazine) and YZ-185 (N-phenylpropyl-N'-(3-methoxyphenethyl)piperazine) bind to sigma (σ) receptors and block the development of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference at concentrations that inhibit cocaine-induced hyperactivity. YZ-067 (N-phenylpropyl-N'-(4-methoxyphenethyl)piperazine) also binds to sigma receptors and attenuates cocaine-induced hyperactivity in mice. OBJECTIVES The present study determined the effect of YZ-067 on the development and expression of cocaine (66 μmol/kg or 33 μmol/kg) conditioned place preference (CPP) and locomotor sensitization in mice. RESULTS YZ-067 (10 or 31.6 μmol/kg) did not have intrinsic effects on place preference or place aversion. Interestingly, the 31.6 μmol/kg YZ-067 dose enhanced the development of cocaine place preference, while 10 μmol/kg YZ-067 attenuated the development of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. However, YZ-067 did not alter the expression of cocaine place preference nor cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. In follow-up studies, YZ-067 did not affect performance in the zero maze or rotarod, indicating that sigma receptors probed by this ligand do not regulate anxiety-like or coordinated motor skill behaviors, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, these results are consistent with previous studies demonstrating a role for sigma receptors in the behavioral effects of cocaine. However, the present findings also indicate that N-phenylpropyl-N'-substituted piperazines do not strictly block cocaine's behavioral effects and that sigma receptor may differentially mediate cocaine-induced hyperactivity and place conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Tapia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Andrew S Sage
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Emma I Fullerton
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jessica M Judd
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Paige C Hildebrant
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Susan Z Lever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - John R Lever
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.,Departments of Radiology, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Dennis K Miller
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Delint-Ramirez I, Garcia-Oscos F, Segev A, Kourrich S. Cocaine engages a non-canonical, dopamine-independent, mechanism that controls neuronal excitability in the nucleus accumbens. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:680-691. [PMID: 29880884 PMCID: PMC7042730 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced enhanced dopamine (DA) signaling in the brain is a canonical mechanism that initiates addiction processes. However, indirect evidence suggests that cocaine also triggers non-canonical, DA-independent, mechanisms that contribute to behavioral responses to cocaine, including psychomotor sensitization and cocaine self-administration. Identifying these mechanisms and determining how they are initiated is fundamental to further our understanding of addiction processes. Using physiologically relevant in vitro tractable models, we found that cocaine-induced hypoactivity of nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) medium spiny neurons (MSNs), one hallmark of cocaine addiction, is independent of DA signaling. Combining brain slice studies and site-directed mutagenesis in HEK293T cells, we found that cocaine binding to intracellular sigma-1 receptor (σ1) initiates this mechanism. Subsequently, σ1 binds to Kv1.2 potassium channels, followed by accumulation of Kv1.2 in the plasma membrane, thereby depressing NAcSh MSNs firing. This mechanism is specific to D1 receptor-expressing MSNs. Our study uncovers a mechanism for cocaine that bypasses DA signaling and leads to addiction-relevant neuroadaptations, thereby providing combinatorial strategies for treating stimulant abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Delint-Ramirez
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Francisco Garcia-Oscos
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Amir Segev
- 0000 0000 9482 7121grid.267313.2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Saïd Kourrich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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A2AR Transmembrane 2 Peptide Administration Disrupts the A2AR-A2AR Homoreceptor but Not the A2AR-D2R Heteroreceptor Complex: Lack of Actions on Rodent Cocaine Self-Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236100. [PMID: 31816953 PMCID: PMC6928905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously demonstrated that rat adenosine A2AR transmembrane V peptide administration into the nucleus accumbens enhances cocaine self-administration through disruption of the A2AR-dopamine (D2R) heteroreceptor complex of this region. Unlike human A2AR transmembrane 4 (TM4) and 5 (TM5), A2AR TM2 did not interfere with the formation of the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complex in cellular models using BRET1 assay. A2AR TM2 was proposed to be part of the of the receptor interface of the A2AR homomer instead and was therefore tested in the current article for effects on rat cocaine self-administration using rat A2AR synthetic TM2 peptide bilaterally injected into the nucleus accumbens. The injected A2AR TM2 peptide failed to significantly counteract the inhibitory action of the A2AR agonist CGS 21680 (0.1 mg/Kg) on cocaine self-administration. In line with these results, the microinjected A2AR TM2 peptide did not reduce the number of proximity ligation assay blobs identifying A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the nucleus accumbens. In contrast, the A2AR TM2 peptide significantly reduced the number of A2AR-A2AR homoreceptor complexes in the nucleus accumbens. As to effects on the receptor–receptor interactions in the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes, the A2AR TM2 peptide did not alter the significant increase in the D2R Ki, high values produced by the A2AR agonist CGS 21680 ex vivo in the ventral striatum. The results indicate that the accumbal A2AR-A2AR homomeric complexes are not involved in mediating the A2AR agonist-induced inhibition of cocaine self-administration.
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OSU-6162, a Sigma1R Ligand in Low Doses, Can Further Increase the Effects of Cocaine Self-Administration on Accumbal D2R Heteroreceptor Complexes. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:433-444. [PMID: 31782100 PMCID: PMC6989596 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine was previously shown to act at the Sigma1R which is a target for counteracting cocaine actions. It therefore becomes of interest to test if the monoamine stabilizer (–) OSU-6162 (OSU-6162) with a nanomolar affinity for the Sigma1R can acutely modulate in low doses the effects of cocaine self-administration. In behavioral studies, OSU-6162 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) did not significantly change the number of active lever pressing and cocaine infusions. However, a trend to reduce cocaine readouts was found after 3 days of treatment. In contrast, in maintenance of cocaine self-administration, the proximity ligation assay performed on brains from rats pretreated with OSU-6162 showed highly significant increases in the density of the D2R-Sigma1R heteroreceptor complexes in the shell of the nucleus accumbens versus OSU-6162 induced increases in this region of yoked saline rats. In cocaine self-administration, highly significant increases were also induced by OSU-6162 in the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the nucleus accumbens shell versus vehicle-treated rats. Furthermore, ex vivo, the A2AR agonist CGS21680 (100 nM) produced a marked and significant increase of the D2R Ki high values in the OSU-6162-treated versus vehicle-treated rats under maintenance of cocaine self-administration. These results indicate a substantial increase in the inhibitory allosteric A2AR-D2R interactions following cocaine self-administration upon activation by the A2AR agonist ex vivo. The current results indicate that OSU-6162 via its high affinity for the Sigma1R may increase the number of accumbal shell D2R-Sigma1R and A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes associated with further increases in the antagonistic A2AR-D2R interactions in cocaine self-administration.
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36
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Soriani O, Kourrich S. The Sigma-1 Receptor: When Adaptive Regulation of Cell Electrical Activity Contributes to Stimulant Addiction and Cancer. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1186. [PMID: 31780884 PMCID: PMC6861184 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone protein that acts like an inter-organelle signaling modulator. Among its several functions such as ER lipid metabolisms/transports and indirect regulation of genes transcription, one of its most intriguing feature is the ability to regulate the function and trafficking of a variety of functional proteins. To date, and directly relevant to the present review, σ1R has been found to regulate both voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) belonging to distinct superfamilies (i.e., sodium, Na+; potassium, K+; and calcium, Ca2+ channels) and non-voltage-gated ion channels. This regulatory function endows σ1R with a powerful capability to fine tune cells’ electrical activity and calcium homeostasis—a regulatory power that appears to favor cell survival in pathological contexts such as stroke or neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge on σ1R’s role in the regulation of cellular electrical activity, and how this seemingly adaptive function can shift cell homeostasis and contribute to the development of very distinct chronic pathologies such as psychostimulant abuse and tumor cell growth in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saïd Kourrich
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Tapia MA, Lever JR, Lever SZ, Will MJ, Park ES, Miller DK. Sigma-1 receptor ligand PD144418 and sigma-2 receptor ligand YUN-252 attenuate the stimulant effects of methamphetamine in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:3147-3158. [PMID: 31139878 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous research indicates that the selective sigma-1 receptor ligand PD144418 and the selective sigma-2 ligands YUN-252 can inhibit cocaine-induced hyperactivity. The effects of these ligands on other stimulants, such as methamphetamine, have not been reported. OBJECTIVES The present study examined the effects of PD144418 and YUN-252 pretreatment on methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity after acute treatment. METHODS Mice (n = 8-14/group) were injected with PD144418 (3.16, 10, or 31.6 μmol/kg), YUN-252 (0.316, 3.16, 31.6 μmol/kg), or saline. After 15 min, mice injected with 2.69 μmol/kg methamphetamine or saline vehicle, where distance traveled during a 60-min period was recorded. Additionally, the effect of PD144418 on the initiation and expression of methamphetamine sensitization was determined by treating mice (n = 8-14/group) with PD144418, methamphetamine or saline repeatedly over a 5-day period, and testing said mice with a challenge dose after a 7-day withdrawal period. RESULTS Results indicate that both PD144418 and YUN-252, in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated hyperactivity induced by an acute methamphetamine injection. Specifically, 10 μmol/kg or 31.6 μmol/kg of PD144418 and 31 μmol/kg of YUN-252 suppressed methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity. In regard to methamphetamine sensitization, while 10 μmol/kg PD144418 prevented the initiation of methamphetamine sensitization, it did not have an effect on the expression. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the current results suggest an intriguing potential for this novel sigma receptor ligand as a treatment for the addictive properties of methamphetamine. Future analysis of this novel sigma receptor ligand in assays directly measuring reinforcement properties will be critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Tapia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - John R Lever
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, and Department of Radiology and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Susan Z Lever
- Department of Chemistry and MU Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Eric S Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Dennis K Miller
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Porter MR, Xiao H, Wang J, Smith SB, Topczewski JJ. 3-Amino-chromanes and Tetrahydroquinolines as Selective 5-HT 2B, 5-HT 7, or σ 1 Receptor Ligands. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1436-1442. [PMID: 31620230 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenethylamine backbone is a privileged substructure found in a wide variety of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands. This includes both endogenous neurotransmitters and active pharmaceutical agents. More than 20 structurally unique heterocyclic phenethylamine derivatives were broadly evaluated for GPCR affinity. Selective ligands for the 5-HT2B, 5-HT7, and σ1 receptors were identified, each with low nanomolar binding affinities. The σ1 receptor affinity was supported in a cellular assay that provided evidence for increased cell survival under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Narváez M, Romero-Fernández W, Pinton L, Wydra K, Filip M, Beggiato S, Tanganelli S, Ferraro L, Fuxe K. Acute Cocaine Enhances Dopamine D 2R Recognition and Signaling and Counteracts D 2R Internalization in Sigma1R-D 2R Heteroreceptor Complexes. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7045-7055. [PMID: 30972626 PMCID: PMC6728299 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The current study was performed to establish the actions of nanomolar concentrations of cocaine, not blocking the dopamine transporter, on dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)-sigma 1 receptor (δ1R) heteroreceptor complexes and the D2R protomer recognition, signaling and internalization in cellular models. We report the existence of D2R-δ1R heteroreceptor complexes in subcortical limbic areas as well as the dorsal striatum, with different distribution patterns using the in situ proximity ligation assay. Also, through BRET, these heteromers were demonstrated in HEK293 cells. Furthermore, saturation binding assay demonstrated that in membrane preparations of HEK293 cells coexpressing D2R and δ1R, cocaine (1 nM) significantly increased the D2R Bmax values over cells singly expressing D2R. CREB reporter luc-gene assay indicated that coexpressed δ1R significantly reduced the potency of the D2R-like agonist quinpirole to inhibit via D2R activation the forskolin induced increase of the CREB signal. In contrast, the addition of 100 nM cocaine was found to markedly increase the quinpirole potency to inhibit the forskolin-induced increase of the CREB signal in the D2R-δ1R cells. These events were associated with a marked reduction of cocaine-induced internalization of D2R protomers in D2R-δ1R heteromer-containing cells vs D2R singly expressing cells as studied by means of confocal analysis of D2R-δ1R trafficking and internalization. Overall, the formation of D2R-δ1R heteromers enhanced the ability of cocaine to increase the D2R protomer function associated with a marked reduction of its internalization. The existence of D2R-δ1R heteromers opens up a new understanding of the acute actions of cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum (B0851). Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, via Ca’ le Suore 2, 610 29 Urbino, Italy
- Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Zayas 50, 62100 Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Wilber Romero-Fernández
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luca Pinton
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum (B0851). Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVEB), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVEB), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVEB), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum (B0851). Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. Oligomeric Receptor Complexes and Their Allosteric Receptor-Receptor Interactions in the Plasma Membrane Represent a New Biological Principle for Integration of Signals in the CNS. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:230. [PMID: 31607863 PMCID: PMC6773811 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) not only exist as monomers but also as homomers and heteromers in which allosteric receptor-receptor interactions take place, modulating the functions of the participating GPCR protomers. GPCRs can also form heteroreceptor complexes with ionotropic receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases modulating their function. Furthermore, adaptor proteins interact with receptor protomers and modulate their interactions. The state of the art is that the allosteric receptor-receptor interactions are reciprocal, highly dynamic and substantially alter the signaling, trafficking, recognition and pharmacology of the participating protomers. The pattern of changes appears to be unique for each heteromer and can favor antagonistic or facilitatory interactions or switch the G protein coupling from e.g., Gi/o to Gq or to beta-arrestin signaling. It lends a new dimension to molecular integration in the nervous system. Future direction should be aimed at determining the receptor interface involving building models of selected heterodimers. This will make design of interface-interfering peptides that specifically disrupt the heterodimer possible. This will help to determine the functional role of the allosteric receptor-receptor interactions as well as the integration of signals at the plasma membrane by the heteroreceptor complexes, vs. integration of the intracellular signaling pathways. Integration of signals also at the plasma membrane seems crucial in view of the hypothesis that learning and memory at a molecular level takes place by reorganization of homo and heteroreceptor complexes in the postsynaptic membrane. Homo and heteroreceptor complexes are in balance with each other, and their disbalance is linked to disease. Targeting heteroreceptor complexes represents a novel strategy for the treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, Urbino, Italy
- Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Casadó-Anguera V, Cortés A, Casadó V, Moreno E. Targeting the receptor-based interactome of the dopamine D1 receptor: looking for heteromer-selective drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1297-1312. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1664469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Antoni Cortés
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
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42
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Schmidt HR, Kruse AC. The Molecular Function of σ Receptors: Past, Present, and Future. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:636-654. [PMID: 31387763 PMCID: PMC6748033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The σ1 and σ2 receptors are enigmatic proteins that have attracted attention for decades due to the chemical diversity and therapeutic potential of their ligands. However, despite ongoing clinical trials with σ receptor ligands for multiple conditions, relatively little is known regarding the molecular function of these receptors. In this review, we revisit past research on σ receptors and discuss the interpretation of these data in light of recent developments. We provide a synthesis of emerging structural and genetic data on the σ1 receptor and discuss the recent cloning of the σ2 receptor. Finally, we discuss the major questions that remain in the study of σ receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden R Schmidt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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43
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Ryskamp DA, Korban S, Zhemkov V, Kraskovskaya N, Bezprozvanny I. Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptors: Signaling Functions and Protective Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:862. [PMID: 31551669 PMCID: PMC6736580 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a multi-functional, ligand-operated protein situated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and changes in its function and/or expression have been associated with various neurological disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's (AD) and Huntington's diseases (HD). S1R agonists are broadly neuroprotective and this is achieved through a diversity of S1R-mediated signaling functions that are generally pro-survival and anti-apoptotic; yet, relatively little is known regarding the exact mechanisms of receptor functioning at the molecular level. This review summarizes therapeutically relevant mechanisms by which S1R modulates neurophysiology and implements neuroprotective functions in neurodegenerative diseases. These mechanisms are diverse due to the fact that S1R can bind to and modulate a large range of client proteins, including many ion channels in both ER and plasma membranes. We summarize the effect of S1R on its interaction partners and consider some of the cell type- and disease-specific aspects of these actions. Besides direct protein interactions in the endoplasmic reticulum, S1R is likely to function at the cellular/interorganellar level by altering the activity of several plasmalemmal ion channels through control of trafficking, which may help to reduce excitotoxicity. Moreover, S1R is situated in lipid rafts where it binds cholesterol and regulates lipid and protein trafficking and calcium flux at the mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAM) domain. This may have important implications for MAM stability and function in neurodegenerative diseases as well as cellular bioenergetics. We also summarize the structural and biochemical features of S1R proposed to underlie its activity. In conclusion, S1R is incredibly versatile in its ability to foster neuronal homeostasis in the context of several neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Ryskamp
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Svetlana Korban
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zhemkov
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nina Kraskovskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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44
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Quadir SG, Cottone P, Sabino V. Role of Sigma Receptors in Alcohol Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:687. [PMID: 31258483 PMCID: PMC6586921 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are few in number and often ineffective, despite the significant research carried out so far to better comprehend the neurochemical underpinnings of the disease. Hence, research has been directed towards the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AUD. In the last decade, the sigma receptor system has been proposed as a potential mediator of alcohol reward and reinforcement. Preclinical studies have shown that the motivational effects of alcohol and excessive ethanol consumption involve the recruitment of the sigma receptor system. Furthermore, sigma receptor antagonism has been shown to be sufficient to inhibit many behaviors related to AUDs. This paper will review the most current evidence in support of this receptor system as a potential target for the development of pharmacological agents for the treatment of alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema G Quadir
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pietro Cottone
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Valentina Sabino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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45
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Stellwagen D, Kemp GM, Valade S, Chambon J. Glial regulation of synaptic function in models of addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 57:179-185. [PMID: 31163290 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The glial regulation of synaptic function provides important modulation of the synaptic and behavioral changes induced by drugs of abuse. In some cases, this regulation is adaptive, reducing drug-induced change, and in other cases maladaptive, contributing to the induction or maintenance of these changes. Understanding the contribution of glia to addictive behaviors will be important to fully understand the development of addiction, and a critical entry into methods to potentially mitigate this affliction. This review will cover recent advances in elucidating the contribution of the major types of glia - microglia and astrocytes - to drug-induced synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stellwagen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Gina M Kemp
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simone Valade
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julien Chambon
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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46
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Yang K, Wang C, Sun T. The Roles of Intracellular Chaperone Proteins, Sigma Receptors, in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:528. [PMID: 31178723 PMCID: PMC6537631 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma receptors, including Sigma-1 receptors and Sigma-2 receptors, are highly expressed in the CNS. They are intracellular chaperone proteins. Sigma-1 receptors localize mainly at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM). Upon stimulation, they translocate from MAM to plasma membrane (PM) and nucleus, where they interact with many proteins and ion channels. Sigma-1 receptor could interact with itself to form oligomers, its oligomerization states affect its ability to interact with client proteins including ion channels and BiP. Sigma-1 receptor shows high affinity for many unrelated and structurally diverse ligands, but the mechanism for this diverse drug receptor interaction remains unknown. Sigma-1 receptors also directly bind many proteins including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ion channels. In recent years, significant progress has been made in our understanding of roles of the Sigma-1 receptors in normal and pathological conditions, but more studies are still required for the Sigma-2 receptors. The physiological roles of Sigma-1 receptors in the CNS are discussed. They can modulate the activity of many ion channels including voltage-dependent ion channels including Ca2+, Na+, K+ channels and NMDAR, thus affecting neuronal excitability and synaptic activity. They are also involved in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. Moreover, the activation of Sigma receptors protects neurons from death via the modulation of ER stress, neuroinflammation, and Ca2+ homeostasis. Evidences about the involvement of Sigma-1 receptors in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are also presented, indicating Sigma-1 receptors might be promising targets for pharmacologically treating PD and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changcai Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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47
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Iyamu ID, Lv W, Malik N, Mishra RK, Schiltz GE. Discovery of a novel class of potent and selective tetrahydroindazole-based sigma-1 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1824-1835. [PMID: 30904383 PMCID: PMC6548570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors have been shown to play important roles in CNS diseases, cancer, and other disorders. These findings suggest that targeting these proteins with small-molecule modulators may be of important therapeutic value. Here we report the development of a new class of tetrahydroindazoles that are highly potent and selective ligands for sigma-1. Molecular modeling was used to rationalize the observed structure-activity relationships and identify key interactions responsible for increased potency of the optimized compounds. Assays for solubility and microsomal stability showed this series possesses favorable characteristics and is amenable to further therapeutic development. The compounds described herein will be useful in the development of new chemical probes for sigma-1 and to aid in future work therapeutically targeting this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iredia D Iyamu
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Wei Lv
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Neha Malik
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Rama K Mishra
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Gary E Schiltz
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
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48
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Tapia MA, Lee JR, Gereau GB, Moore JM, Weise VN, Mason KL, Cessac ME, Bodeen JL, Miller DK, Will MJ. Sigma-1 receptor antagonist PD144418 suppresses food reinforced operant responding in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 362:71-76. [PMID: 30639509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sigma-1 (σ1) receptors have been investigated for their involvement in learning, rewarding and motivational processes, particularly as it relates to substances of abuse. Few studies have examined the effects of σ1 receptor agonists and antagonists on the rewarding and motivational properties of natural reinforcers, such as food. Studies that have investigated σ1 receptor agonists and antagonists has produced conflicting results. σ1 receptor antagonist PD144418 has been found to produce a dose-dependent attenuation of locomotor activity induced by cocaine, and by itself, does not suppress basal locomotor activity in mice. However, its effects on reward and motivation as it relates to food are unknown. The present study examined the involvement of σ1 receptors in mediating the rewarding and motivational properties of food using an operant task. The results indicated that at the highest dose (10 μmol/kg), PD144418 significantly attenuated the number of active lever responses for chow pellets but did not decrease the number of active lever responses for sucrose pellets under a fixed ratio (FR2) schedule of reinforcement. However, under a progressive ratio (PR) reinforcement schedule, 10 μmol/kg of PD14418 significantly reduced the breakpoint, a measure indicative of effort or motivation, for both chow and sucrose pellets. When ad libitum chow or sucrose pellets were made freely available (i.e. no lever press required) inside the operant chamber, 10 μmol/kg, PD144418 did not have an effect on number of pellets consumed. These findings indicate that PD144418 reduces the motivational effort of a food reinforced behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Tapia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Jenna R Lee
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Graydon B Gereau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Justin M Moore
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Valerie N Weise
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kelsey L Mason
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mikala E Cessac
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Bodeen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Dennis K Miller
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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49
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Aguinaga D, Medrano M, Cordomí A, Jiménez-Rosés M, Angelats E, Casanovas M, Vega-Quiroga I, Canela EI, Petrovic M, Gysling K, Pardo L, Franco R, Navarro G. Cocaine Blocks Effects of Hunger Hormone, Ghrelin, Via Interaction with Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptors. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:1196-1210. [PMID: 29876881 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite ancient knowledge on cocaine appetite-suppressant action, the molecular basis of such fact remains unknown. Addiction/eating disorders (e.g., binge eating, anorexia, bulimia) share a central control involving reward circuits. However, we here show that the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) mediates cocaine anorectic effects by interacting in neurons with growth/hormone/secretagogue (ghrelin) receptors. Cocaine increases colocalization of σ1R and GHS-R1a at the cell surface. Moreover, in transfected HEK-293T and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and in primary neuronal cultures, pretreatment with cocaine or a σ1R agonist inhibited ghrelin-mediated signaling, in a similar manner as the GHS-R1a antagonist YIL-781. Results were similar in G protein-dependent (cAMP accumulation and calcium release) and in partly dependent or independent (ERK1/2 phosphorylation and label-free) assays. We provide solid evidence for direct interaction between receptors and the functional consequences, as well as a reliable structural model of the macromolecular σ1R-GHS-R1a complex, which arises as a key piece in the puzzle of the events linking cocaine consumption and appetitive/consummatory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aguinaga
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Medrano
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Cordomí
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mireia Jiménez-Rosés
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Edgar Angelats
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Casanovas
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Quiroga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enric I Canela
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milos Petrovic
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Katia Gysling
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Peng Y, Dong H, Welsh WJ. Comprehensive 3D-QSAR Model Predicts Binding Affinity of Structurally Diverse Sigma 1 Receptor Ligands. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:486-497. [PMID: 30497261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Sigma 1 Receptor (S1R) has attracted intense interest as a pharmaceutical target for various therapeutic indications, including the treatment of neuropathic pain and the potentiation of opioid analgesia. Efforts by drug developers to rationally design S1R antagonists have been spurred recently by the 2016 publication of the high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of the ligand-bound human S1R. Until now, however, the absence in the published literature of a single, large-scale, and comprehensive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model that encompasses a structurally diverse collection of S1R ligands has impaired rapid progress. To our best knowledge, the present study represents the first report of a statistically robust and highly predictive 3D-QSAR model (R2 = 0.92, Q2 = 0.62, Rpred2 = 0.81) based on the X-ray crystal structure of human S1R and constructed from a pooled compilation of 180 S1R antagonists that encompass five structurally diverse chemical families investigated using identical experimental protocols. Best practices, as recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD: http://www.oecd.org/ ), were adopted for pooling data from disparate sources and for QSAR model development and both internal and external model validation. The practical utility of the final 3D-QSAR model was tested by virtual screening of the DrugBank database of FDA approved drugs supplemented by eight reported S1R antagonists. Among the top-ranked 40 DrugBank hits, four approved drugs which were previously unknown as S1R antagonists were tested using in vitro radiolabeled human S1R binding assays. Of these, two drugs (diphenhydramine and phenyltoloxamine) exhibited potent S1R binding affinity with Ki = 58 nM and 160 nM, respectively. As diphenhydramine is approved as an antiallergic, and phenyltoloxamine as an analgesic and sedative, each of these compounds represents a viable starting point for a drug discovery campaign aimed at the development of novel S1R antagonists for a wide range of therapeutic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Peng
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources , Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 195 Little Albany Street , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08903 , United States
| | - Hiep Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - William J Welsh
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources , Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 195 Little Albany Street , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08903 , United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 661 Hoes Lane West , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
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