1
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Taylor JD, Barrett N, Martinez Cuesta S, Cassidy K, Pachl F, Dodgson J, Patel R, Eriksson TM, Riley A, Burrell M, Bauer C, Rees DG, Cimbro R, Zhang AX, Minter RR, Hunt J, Legg S. Targeted protein degradation using chimeric human E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1179. [PMID: 39300128 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins can be targeted for degradation by engineering biomolecules that direct them to the eukaryotic ubiquitination machinery. For instance, the fusion of an E3 ubiquitin ligase to a suitable target binding domain creates a 'biological Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera' (bioPROTAC). Here we employ an analogous approach where the target protein is recruited directly to a human E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme via an attached target binding domain. Through rational design and screening we develop E2 bioPROTACs that induce the degradation of the human intracellular proteins SHP2 and KRAS. Using global proteomics, we characterise the target-specific and wider effects of E2 vs. VHL-based fusions. Taking SHP2 as a model target, we also employ a route to bioPROTAC discovery based on protein display libraries, yielding a degrader with comparatively weak affinity capable of suppressing SHP2-mediated signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Taylor
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK.
| | - Nathalie Barrett
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Sergio Martinez Cuesta
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Katelyn Cassidy
- Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - James Dodgson
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Radhika Patel
- Centre for Genomics Research, Dynamic Omics, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Tuula M Eriksson
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Aidan Riley
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Matthew Burrell
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Christin Bauer
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Raffaello Cimbro
- Centre for Genomics Research, Dynamic Omics, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Andrew X Zhang
- Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Ralph R Minter
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - James Hunt
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK.
| | - Sandrine Legg
- Biologics Engineering, R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
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2
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Hoffman M, Krum D, Wittrup KD. Bivalent target-binding bioPROTACs induce potent degradation of oncogenic SHP2. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107616. [PMID: 39089586 PMCID: PMC11387696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is an emergent and rapidly evolving therapeutic strategy. In particular, biologics-based targeted degradation modalities (bioPROTACs) are relatively under explored compared to small molecules. Here, we investigate how target affinity, cellular localization, and valency of bioPROTACs impact efficacy of targeted degradation of the oncogenic phosphatase src-homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2). We identify bivalent recruitment of SHP2 by bioPROTACs as a broadly applicable strategy to improve potency. Moreover, we demonstrate that SHP2-targeted bioPROTACs can effectively counteract gain-of-function SHP2 mutants present in cancer, which are otherwise challenging to selectively target with small molecule constructs. Overall, this study demonstrates the utility of bioPROTACs for challenging targets, and further explicates design principles for therapeutic bioPROTACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hoffman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Krum
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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3
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Piotrowski-Daspit AS, Bracaglia LG, Eaton DA, Richfield O, Binns TC, Albert C, Gould J, Mortlock RD, Egan ME, Pober JS, Saltzman WM. Enhancing in vivo cell and tissue targeting by modulation of polymer nanoparticles and macrophage decoys. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4247. [PMID: 38762483 PMCID: PMC11102454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The in vivo efficacy of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) is dependent on their pharmacokinetics, including time in circulation and tissue tropism. Here we explore the structure-function relationships guiding physiological fate of a library of poly(amine-co-ester) (PACE) NPs with different compositions and surface properties. We find that circulation half-life as well as tissue and cell-type tropism is dependent on polymer chemistry, vehicle characteristics, dosing, and strategic co-administration of distribution modifiers, suggesting that physiological fate can be optimized by adjusting these parameters. Our high-throughput quantitative microscopy-based platform to measure the concentration of nanomedicines in the blood combined with detailed biodistribution assessments and pharmacokinetic modeling provides valuable insight into the dynamic in vivo behavior of these polymer NPs. Our results suggest that PACE NPs-and perhaps other NPs-can be designed with tunable properties to achieve desired tissue tropism for the in vivo delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics. These findings can guide the rational design of more effective nucleic acid delivery vehicles for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Piotrowski-Daspit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
- Department of Internal Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, US.
| | - Laura G Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, US.
| | - David A Eaton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Owen Richfield
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Thomas C Binns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Claire Albert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Jared Gould
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Ryland D Mortlock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Marie E Egan
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US.
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US.
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US.
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US.
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4
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Gencer Akçok EB, Güner H, Akçok İ. Determination of promising inhibitors for N-SH2 domain of SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase: an in silico study. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10880-2. [PMID: 38739228 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
There are many genes that produce proteins related to diseases and these proteins can be targeted with drugs as a potential therapeutic approach. Recent advancement in drug discovery techniques have created new opportunities for treating variety of diseases by targeting disease-related proteins. Structure-based drug discovery is a faster and more cost-effective approach than traditional methods. SHP2 phosphatase, encoded by the PTPN11 gene, has been the focus of much attention due to its involvement in many types of diseases. The biological function of SHP2 is enabled mostly by protein-protein interaction through its SH2 domains. In this study, we report the identification of a potential small molecule inhibitor for the N-SH2 domain of SHP2 by structure-based drug discovery approach. We utilized molecular docking studies, followed by molecular dynamics simulations and MM/PBSA calculations, to analyze compounds retrieved from the Broad's Drug Repurposing Hub and ZINC15 databases. We selected 10 hit compounds with the best docking scores from the libraries and examined their binding properties in the N-SH2 domain. We found that compound CID 60838 (Irinotecan) was the most suitable compound with a binding free energy value of - 64.45 kcal/mol and significant interactions with the target residues in the domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Başak Gencer Akçok
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, 38080, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Hüseyin Güner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, 38080, Kayseri, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Balçova, İzmir, Türkiye
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340, Balçova, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - İsmail Akçok
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, 38080, Kayseri, Türkiye.
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5
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Dinh-Fricke AV, Hantschel O. Improving the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and plasma stability of monobodies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:fphar.2024.1393112. [PMID: 38617793 PMCID: PMC7615827 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1393112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Several targeted anticancer drugs entered clinical practice and improved survival of cancer patients with selected tumor types, but therapy resistance and metastatic disease remains a challenge. A major class of targeted anticancer drugs are therapeutic antibodies, but their use is limited to extracellular targets. Hence, alternative binding scaffolds have been investigated for intracellular use and better tumor tissue penetration. Among those, monobodies are small synthetic protein binders that were engineered to bind with high affinity and selectivity to central intracellular oncoproteins and inhibit their signaling. Despite their use as basic research tools, the potential of monobodies as protein therapeutics remains to be explored. In particular, the pharmacological properties of monobodies, including plasma stability, toxicity and pharmacokinetics have not been investigated. Here, we show that monobodies have high plasma stability, are well-tolerated in mice, but have a short half-life in vivo due to rapid renal clearance. Therefore, we engineered monobody fusions with an albumin-binding domain (ABD), which showed enhanced pharmacological properties without affecting their target binding: We found that ABD-monobody fusions display increased stability in mouse plasma. Most importantly, ABD-monobodies have a dramatically prolonged in vivo half-life and are not rapidly excreted by renal clearance, remaining in the blood significantly longer, while not accumulating in specific internal organs. Our results demonstrate the promise and versatility of monobodies to be developed into future therapeutics for cancer treatment. We anticipate that monobodies may be able to extend the spectrum of intracellular targets, resulting in a significant benefit to patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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6
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Pandey RK, Mehrotra S. Engineering high affinity antigen-binders: Beyond conventional antibodies. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 140:37-57. [PMID: 38762275 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
For decades, antibodies have remained the archetypal binding proteins that can be rapidly produced with high affinity and specificity against virtually any target. A conventional antibody is still considered the prototype of a binding molecule. It is therefore not surprising that antibodies are routinely used in basic scientific and biomedical research, analytical workflows, molecular diagnostics etc. and represent the fastest growing sector in the field of biotechnology. However, several limitations associated with conventional antibodies, including stringent requirement of animal immunizations, mammalian cells for expression, issues on stability and aggregation, bulkier size and the overall time and cost of production has propelled evolution of concepts along alternative antigen binders. Rapidly evolving protein engineering approaches and high throughput screening platforms have further complemented the development of myriads of classes of non-conventional protein binders including antibody derived as well as non-antibody based molecular scaffolds. These non-canonical binders are finding use across disciplines of which diagnostics and therapeutics are the most noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar Pandey
- Research and Development-Protein Biology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjana Mehrotra
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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7
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Yang X, Xiong J, Yu B, Song Y. Emerging therapeutic approaches of SHP2-targeted modulators. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:291-294. [PMID: 38275153 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tweetable abstract Monotherapy and combination therapy of SHP2 regulator for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yihui Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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8
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Hoffman M, Cheah KMH, Wittrup KD. A Novel Gain-of-Signal Assay to Detect Targeted Protein Degradation. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:220-229. [PMID: 38171010 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation offers a promising avenue for expanding therapeutic development to previously inaccessible proteins of interest by regulating the target abundance rather than activity. However, current methods to screen for effective degraders serve as major bottlenecks for the development of degrader therapies. Here, we develop a novel assay platform for identification and characterization of macromolecules capable of inducing targeted degradation of oncogenic phosphatase SHP2. Unlike traditional reporter assays that utilize loss-of-signal readouts to detect degradation, our assay platform expresses a robust fluorescence signal in response to the depletion of a target protein and incorporates additional measures intended to prevent undesirable false positives. Using this gain-of-signal assay, we successfully identified novel macromolecule SHP2 degraders from a screen of 192 candidates and proposed design principles for further development of macromolecule degraders. This work demonstrates a proof of concept for gain-of-signal assays as a tool for screening targeted degrader candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hoffman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keith Ming Hong Cheah
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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Nakamura I, Amesaka H, Hara M, Yonezawa K, Okamoto K, Kamikubo H, Tanaka S, Matsuo T. Conformation state-specific monobodies regulate the functions of flexible proteins through conformation trapping. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4813. [PMID: 37861467 PMCID: PMC10659937 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic binding proteins have emerged as modulators of protein functions through protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Because PPIs are influenced by the structural dynamics of targeted proteins, investigating whether the synthetic-binders-based strategy is applicable for proteins with large conformational changes is important. This study demonstrates the applicability of monobodies (fibronectin type-III domain-based synthetic binding proteins) in regulating the functions of proteins that undergo tens-of-angstroms-scale conformational changes, using an example of the A55C/C77S/V169C triple mutant (Adktm ; a phosphoryl transfer-catalyzing enzyme with a conformational change between OPEN/CLOSED forms). Phage display successfully developed monobodies that recognize the OPEN form (substrate-unbound form), but not the CLOSED form of Adktm . Two OPEN form-specific clones (OP-2 and OP-4) inhibited Adktm kinase activity. Epitope mapping with a yeast-surface display/flow cytometry indicated that OP-2 binds to the substrate-entry side of Adktm , whereas OP-4 binding occurs at another site. Small angle X-ray scattering coupled with size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-SAXS) indicated that OP-4 binds to the hinge side opposite to the substrate-binding site of Adktm , retaining the whole OPEN-form structure of Adktm . Titration of the OP-4-Adktm complex with Ap5 A, a transition-state analog of Adktm , showed that the conformational shift to the CLOSED form was suppressed although Adktm retained the OPEN-form (i.e., substrate-binding ready form). These results show that OP-4 captures and stabilizes the OPEN-form state, thereby affecting the hinge motion. These experimental results indicate that monobody-based modulators can regulate the functions of proteins that show tens-of-angstroms-scale conformational changes, by trapping specific conformational states generated during large conformational change process that is essential for function exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibuki Nakamura
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
| | - Hiroshi Amesaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Mizuho Hara
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kento Yonezawa
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
- Center for Digital Green‐innovationNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
| | - Keisuke Okamoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hironari Kamikubo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
- Center for Digital Green‐innovationNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
| | - Shun‐ichi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuJapan
| | - Takashi Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
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10
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Mizuno A, Toyama T, Ichikawa A, Sakai N, Yoshioka Y, Nishito Y, Toga R, Amesaka H, Kaneko T, Arisawa K, Tsutsumi R, Mita Y, Tanaka SI, Noguchi N, Saito Y. An efficient selenium transport pathway of selenoprotein P utilizing a high-affinity ApoER2 receptor variant and being independent of selenocysteine lyase. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105009. [PMID: 37406814 PMCID: PMC10407282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SeP, encoded by the SELENOP gene) is a plasma protein that contains selenium in the form of selenocysteine residues (Sec, a cysteine analog containing selenium instead of sulfur). SeP functions for the transport of selenium to specific tissues in a receptor-dependent manner. Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) has been identified as a SeP receptor. However, diverse variants of ApoER2 have been reported, and the details of its tissue specificity and the molecular mechanism of its efficiency remain unclear. In the present study, we found that human T lymphoma Jurkat cells have a high ability to utilize selenium via SeP, while this ability was low in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. We identified an ApoER2 variant with a high affinity for SeP in Jurkat cells. This variant had a dissociation constant value of 0.67 nM and a highly glycosylated O-linked sugar domain. Moreover, the acidification of intracellular vesicles was necessary for selenium transport via SeP in both cell types. In rhabdomyosarcoma cells, SeP underwent proteolytic degradation in lysosomes and transported selenium in a Sec lyase-dependent manner. However, in Jurkat cells, SeP transported selenium in Sec lyase-independent manner. These findings indicate a preferential selenium transport pathway involving SeP and high-affinity ApoER2 in a Sec lyase-independent manner. Herein, we provide a novel dynamic transport pathway for selenium via SeP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuya Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoko Sakai
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshioka
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Yukina Nishito
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Renya Toga
- Laboratory of Biostructural Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Amesaka
- Laboratory of Biostructural Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaneko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kotoko Arisawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Tsutsumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Mita
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Biostructural Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Noriko Noguchi
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan.
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11
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Fujita J, Amesaka H, Yoshizawa T, Hibino K, Kamimura N, Kuroda N, Konishi T, Kato Y, Hara M, Inoue T, Namba K, Tanaka SI, Matsumura H. Structures of a FtsZ single protofilament and a double-helical tube in complex with a monobody. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4073. [PMID: 37429870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
FtsZ polymerizes into protofilaments to form the Z-ring that acts as a scaffold for accessory proteins during cell division. Structures of FtsZ have been previously solved, but detailed mechanistic insights are lacking. Here, we determine the cryoEM structure of a single protofilament of FtsZ from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpFtsZ) in a polymerization-preferred conformation. We also develop a monobody (Mb) that binds to KpFtsZ and FtsZ from Escherichia coli without affecting their GTPase activity. Crystal structures of the FtsZ-Mb complexes reveal the Mb binding mode, while addition of Mb in vivo inhibits cell division. A cryoEM structure of a double-helical tube of KpFtsZ-Mb at 2.7 Å resolution shows two parallel protofilaments. Our present study highlights the physiological roles of the conformational changes of FtsZ in treadmilling that regulate cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junso Fujita
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- JEOL YOKOGUSHI Research Alliance Laboratories, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Amesaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshizawa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kota Hibino
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kamimura
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kuroda
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takamoto Konishi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Mizuho Hara
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- dotAqua Inc., 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Namba
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- JEOL YOKOGUSHI Research Alliance Laboratories, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research and SPring-8 Center, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroyoshi Matsumura
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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12
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Li Q, Zhou L, Qin S, Huang Z, Li B, Liu R, Yang M, Nice EC, Zhu H, Huang C. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras in biotherapeutics: Current trends and future applications. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115447. [PMID: 37229829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The success of inhibitor-based therapeutics is largely constrained by the acquisition of therapeutic resistance, which is partially driven by the undruggable proteome. The emergence of proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, designed for degrading proteins involved in specific biological processes, might provide a novel framework for solving the above constraint. A heterobifunctional PROTAC molecule could structurally connect an E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand with a protein of interest (POI)-binding ligand by chemical linkers. Such technology would result in the degradation of the targeted protein via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), opening up a novel way of selectively inhibiting undruggable proteins. Herein, we will highlight the advantages of PROTAC technology and summarize the current understanding of the potential mechanisms involved in biotherapeutics, with a particular focus on its application and development where therapeutic benefits over classical small-molecule inhibitors have been achieved. Finally, we discuss how this technology can contribute to developing biotherapeutic drugs, such as antivirals against infectious diseases, for use in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhao Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ruolan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Mei Yang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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13
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Welsh CL, Allen S, Madan LK. Setting sail: Maneuvering SHP2 activity and its effects in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 160:17-60. [PMID: 37704288 PMCID: PMC10500121 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of tyrosine phosphorylation being a critical modulator of cancer signaling, proteins regulating phosphotyrosine levels in cells have fast become targets of therapeutic intervention. The nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) coded by the PTPN11 gene "SHP2" integrates phosphotyrosine signaling from growth factor receptors into the RAS/RAF/ERK pathway and is centrally positioned in processes regulating cell development and oncogenic transformation. Dysregulation of SHP2 expression or activity is linked to tumorigenesis and developmental defects. Even as a compelling anti-cancer target, SHP2 was considered "undruggable" for a long time owing to its conserved catalytic PTP domain that evaded drug development. Recently, SHP2 has risen from the "undruggable curse" with the discovery of small molecules that manipulate its intrinsic allostery for effective inhibition. SHP2's unique domain arrangement and conformation(s) allow for a truly novel paradigm of inhibitor development relying on skillful targeting of noncatalytic sites on proteins. In this review we summarize the biological functions, signaling properties, structural attributes, allostery and inhibitors of SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin L Welsh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sarah Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Lalima K Madan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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14
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Sha F, Kurosawa K, Glasser E, Ketavarapu G, Albazzaz S, Koide A, Koide S. Monobody Inhibitor Selective to the Phosphatase Domain of SHP2 and its Use as a Probe for Quantifying SHP2 Allosteric Regulation. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168010. [PMID: 36806475 PMCID: PMC10079645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
SHP2 is a phosphatase/adaptor protein that plays an important role in various signaling pathways. Its mutations are associated with cancers and developmental diseases. SHP2 contains a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and two SH2 domains. Selective inhibition of these domains has been challenging due to the multitude of homologous proteins in the proteome. Here, we developed a monobody, synthetic binding protein, that bound to and inhibited the SHP2 PTP domain. It was selective to SHP2 PTP over close homologs. A crystal structure of the monobody-PTP complex revealed that the monobody bound both highly conserved residues in the active site and less conserved residues in the periphery, rationalizing its high selectivity. Its epitope overlapped with the interface between the PTP and N-terminal SH2 domains that is formed in auto-inhibited SHP2. By using the monobody as a probe for the accessibility of the PTP active site, we developed a simple, nonenzymatic assay for the allosteric regulation of SHP2. The assay showed that, in the absence of an activating phospho-Tyr ligand, wild-type SHP2 and the "PTP-dead" C459E mutant were predominantly in the closed state in which the PTP active site is inaccessible, whereas the E76K and C459S mutants were in the open, active state. It also revealed that previously developed monobodies to the SH2 domains, ligands lacking a phospho-Tyr, weakly favored the open state. These results provide corroboration for a conformational equilibrium underlying allosteric regulation of SHP2, provide powerful tools for characterizing and controlling SHP2 functions, and inform drug discovery against SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fern Sha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Kohei Kurosawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Eliezra Glasser
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Gayatri Ketavarapu
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Samara Albazzaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Akiko Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Shohei Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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15
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Wang Z, Rabb JD, Lin Q. Orthogonal Crosslinking: A Strategy to Generate Novel Protein Topology and Function. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202828. [PMID: 36251567 PMCID: PMC9839582 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Compared to the disulfide bond, other naturally occurring intramolecular crosslinks have received little attention, presumably due to their rarity in the vast protein space. Here we presented examples of natural non-disulfide crosslinks, which we refer to as orthogonal crosslinks, emphasizing their effect on protein topology and function. We summarize recent efforts on expanding orthogonal crosslinks by using either the enzymes that catalyze protein circularization or the genetic code expansion strategy to add electrophilic amino acids site-specifically in proteins. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed, along with their applications to generate novel protein topology and function. In particular, we highlight our recent work on spontaneous orthogonal crosslinking, in which a carbamate-based crosslink was generated in situ, and its applications in designing orthogonally crosslinked domain antibodies with their topology-mimicking bacterial adhesins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
| | - Johnathan D Rabb
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
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16
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Schmitt DL, Mehta S, Zhang J. Study of spatiotemporal regulation of kinase signaling using genetically encodable molecular tools. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 71:102224. [PMID: 36347198 PMCID: PMC10031819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Precise spatiotemporal organization and regulation of signal transduction networks are essential for cellular response to internal and external cues. To understand how this biochemical activity architecture impacts cellular function, many genetically encodable tools which regulate kinase activity at a subcellular level have been developed. In this review, we highlight various types of genetically encodable molecular tools, including tools to regulate endogenous kinase activity and biorthogonal techniques to perturb kinase activity. Finally, we emphasize the use of these tools alongside biosensors for kinase activity to measure and perturb kinase activity in real time for a better understanding of the cellular biochemical activity architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Schmitt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sohum Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, USA.
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17
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Wallon L, Khan I, Teng KW, Koide A, Zuberi M, Li J, Ketavarapu G, Traaseth NJ, O’Bryan JP, Koide S. Inhibition of RAS-driven signaling and tumorigenesis with a pan-RAS monobody targeting the Switch I/II pocket. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204481119. [PMID: 36252024 PMCID: PMC9618066 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204481119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS mutants are major therapeutic targets in oncology with few efficacious direct inhibitors available. The identification of a shallow pocket near the Switch II region on RAS has led to the development of small-molecule drugs that target this site and inhibit KRAS(G12C) and KRAS(G12D). To discover other regions on RAS that may be targeted for inhibition, we have employed small synthetic binding proteins termed monobodies that have a strong propensity to bind to functional sites on a target protein. Here, we report a pan-RAS monobody, termed JAM20, that bound to all RAS isoforms with nanomolar affinity and demonstrated limited nucleotide-state specificity. Upon intracellular expression, JAM20 potently inhibited signaling mediated by all RAS isoforms and reduced oncogenic RAS-mediated tumorigenesis in vivo. NMR and mutation analysis determined that JAM20 bound to a pocket between Switch I and II, which is similarly targeted by low-affinity, small-molecule inhibitors, such as BI-2852, whose in vivo efficacy has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, JAM20 directly competed with both the RAF(RBD) and BI-2852. These results provide direct validation of targeting the Switch I/II pocket for inhibiting RAS-driven tumorigenesis. More generally, these results demonstrate the utility of tool biologics as probes for discovering and validating druggable sites on challenging targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Wallon
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401
| | - Kai Wen Teng
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
| | - Akiko Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Mariyam Zuberi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003
| | - Gayatri Ketavarapu
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
| | | | - John P. O’Bryan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401
| | - Shohei Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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18
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Albert C, Bracaglia L, Koide A, DiRito J, Lysyy T, Harkins L, Edwards C, Richfield O, Grundler J, Zhou K, Denbaum E, Ketavarapu G, Hattori T, Perincheri S, Langford J, Feizi A, Haakinson D, Hosgood SA, Nicholson ML, Pober JS, Saltzman WM, Koide S, Tietjen GT. Monobody adapter for functional antibody display on nanoparticles for adaptable targeted delivery applications. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5998. [PMID: 36220817 PMCID: PMC9553936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play a central role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. The use of targeted nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver therapeutics to ECs could dramatically improve efficacy by providing elevated and sustained intracellular drug levels. However, achieving sufficient levels of NP targeting in human settings remains elusive. Here, we overcome this barrier by engineering a monobody adapter that presents antibodies on the NP surface in a manner that fully preserves their antigen-binding function. This system improves targeting efficacy in cultured ECs under flow by >1000-fold over conventional antibody immobilization using amine coupling and enables robust delivery of NPs to the ECs of human kidneys undergoing ex vivo perfusion, a clinical setting used for organ transplant. Our monobody adapter also enables a simple plug-and-play capacity that facilitates the evaluation of a diverse array of targeted NPs. This technology has the potential to simplify and possibly accelerate both the development and clinical translation of EC-targeted nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Albert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J DiRito
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - T Lysyy
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Harkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - O Richfield
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Grundler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Denbaum
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Ketavarapu
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Hattori
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Perincheri
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Langford
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Feizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Haakinson
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S A Hosgood
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M L Nicholson
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - W M Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - G T Tietjen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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19
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Matsuzawa-Ishimoto Y, Yao X, Koide A, Ueberheide BM, Axelrad JE, Reis BS, Parsa R, Neil JA, Devlin JC, Rudensky E, Dewan MZ, Cammer M, Blumberg RS, Ding Y, Ruggles KV, Mucida D, Koide S, Cadwell K. The γδ IEL effector API5 masks genetic susceptibility to Paneth cell death. Nature 2022; 610:547-554. [PMID: 36198790 PMCID: PMC9720609 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Loss of Paneth cells and their antimicrobial granules compromises the intestinal epithelial barrier and is associated with Crohn's disease, a major type of inflammatory bowel disease1-7. Non-classical lymphoid cells, broadly referred to as intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), intercalate the intestinal epithelium8,9. This anatomical position has implicated them as first-line defenders in resistance to infections, but their role in inflammatory disease pathogenesis requires clarification. The identification of mediators that coordinate crosstalk between specific IEL and epithelial subsets could provide insight into intestinal barrier mechanisms in health and disease. Here we show that the subset of IELs that express γ and δ T cell receptor subunits (γδ IELs) promotes the viability of Paneth cells deficient in the Crohn's disease susceptibility gene ATG16L1. Using an ex vivo lymphocyte-epithelium co-culture system, we identified apoptosis inhibitor 5 (API5) as a Paneth cell-protective factor secreted by γδ IELs. In the Atg16l1-mutant mouse model, viral infection induced a loss of Paneth cells and enhanced susceptibility to intestinal injury by inhibiting the secretion of API5 from γδ IELs. Therapeutic administration of recombinant API5 protected Paneth cells in vivo in mice and ex vivo in human organoids with the ATG16L1 risk allele. Thus, we identify API5 as a protective γδ IEL effector that masks genetic susceptibility to Paneth cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsuzawa-Ishimoto
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akiko Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016,Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beatrix M. Ueberheide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan E. Axelrad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bernardo S. Reis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roham Parsa
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A. Neil
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph C. Devlin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene Rudensky
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Zahidunnabi Dewan
- Experimental Pathology, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Kelly V. Ruggles
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA,Corresponding author: Ken Cadwell, Address: 430 East 29th street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016, , Phone: 212-263-8891, Fax: 212-263-5711, Shohei Koide, Address: 522 1st Avenue, Smilow Research Center, 8th floor, New York, NY 10016, , Phone: 646-501-4601
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA,Corresponding author: Ken Cadwell, Address: 430 East 29th street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016, , Phone: 212-263-8891, Fax: 212-263-5711, Shohei Koide, Address: 522 1st Avenue, Smilow Research Center, 8th floor, New York, NY 10016, , Phone: 646-501-4601
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20
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Fauser J, Huyot V, Matsche J, Szynal BN, Alexeev Y, Kota P, Karginov AV. Dissecting protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling by engineered chemogenetic control of its activity. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202111066. [PMID: 35829702 PMCID: PMC9284425 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) are critical mediators of dynamic cell signaling. A tool capable of identifying transient signaling events downstream of PTPases is essential to understand phosphatase function on a physiological time scale. We report a broadly applicable protein engineering method for allosteric regulation of PTPases. This method enables dissection of transient events and reconstruction of individual signaling pathways. Implementation of this approach for Shp2 phosphatase revealed parallel MAPK and ROCK II dependent pathways downstream of Shp2, mediating transient cell spreading and migration. Furthermore, we show that the N-SH2 domain of Shp2 regulates MAPK-independent, ROCK II-dependent cell migration. Engineered targeting of Shp2 activity to different protein complexes revealed that Shp2-FAK signaling induces cell spreading whereas Shp2-Gab1 or Shp2-Gab2 mediates cell migration. We identified specific transient morphodynamic processes induced by Shp2 and determined the role of individual signaling pathways downstream of Shp2 in regulating these events. Broad application of this approach is demonstrated by regulating PTP1B and PTP-PEST phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Fauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Vincent Huyot
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jacob Matsche
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Barbara N. Szynal
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Pradeep Kota
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Andrei V. Karginov
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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21
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Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules consisting of one ligand that binds to a protein of interest (POI) and another that can recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase. The chemically-induced proximity between the POI and E3 ligase results in ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the POI by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The event-driven mechanism of action (MOA) of PROTACs offers several advantages compared to traditional occupancy-driven small molecule inhibitors, such as a catalytic nature, reduced dosing and dosing frequency, a more potent and longer-lasting effect, an added layer of selectivity to reduce potential toxicity, efficacy in the face of drug-resistance mechanisms, targeting nonenzymatic functions, and expanded target space. Here, we highlight important milestones and briefly discuss lessons learned about targeted protein degradation (TPD) in recent years and conjecture on the efforts still needed to expand the toolbox for PROTAC discovery to ultimately provide promising therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
| | - Craig M Crews
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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22
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Xu Y, Rahim A, Lin Q. Spontaneous Orthogonal Protein Crosslinking via a Genetically Encoded 2-Carboxy-4-Aryl-1,2,3-Triazole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202657. [PMID: 35290708 PMCID: PMC9117480 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the design of N2 -carboxy-4-aryl-1,2,3-triazole-lysines (CATKs) and their site-specific incorporation into proteins via genetic code expansion. When introduced into the protein dimer interface, CATKs permitted spontaneous, proximity-driven, site-selective crosslinking to generate covalent protein dimers in living cells, with phenyl-bearing CATK-1 exhibiting high reactivity toward the proximal Lys and Tyr. Furthermore, when introduced into the N-terminal β-strand of either a single-chain VHH antibody or a supercharged monobody, CATK-1 enabled site-specific, inter-strand, orthogonal crosslinking with a proximal Tyr located on the opposing β-strand. Compared with a non-crosslinked monobody, the orthogonally crosslinked monobody displayed improved cellular uptake and enhanced proteolytic stability against an endosomal enzyme. The robust crosslinking reactivity of CATKs should facilitate the design of novel protein topologies with improved physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
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23
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Bellacchio E. Intramolecular Interaction with the E6 Region Stabilizes the Closed Conformation of the N-SH2 Domain and Concurs with the Self-Inhibitory Docking in Downregulating the Activity of the SHP2 Tyrosine Phosphatase: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094794. [PMID: 35563185 PMCID: PMC9105505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization and activity of the SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase across different cellular compartments to the target substrates are steered by the binding of phosphotyrosine (pY) peptides to the tandem SH2 domains. The most N-terminal domain (N-SH2) can also keep the enzyme inactive by intramolecular occlusion of the catalytic site. Enzyme activity can be recovered by an allosteric disruption of this self-inhibitory docking upon the binding of pY peptides to the N-SH2 domain. Prior to this, the N-SH2 domain must abandon the closed conformation because it impedes the access of pY peptides to the binding cleft. Although it cooperates with the self-inhibitory docking in the negative regulation of the phosphatase activity, the structural determinants of the stability of the closed conformation in the self-inhibited phosphatase are still elusive. To address this issue, a molecular dynamics simulation study is carried out. It is shown that the closed conformation is stabilized by the interaction of the N-SH2 domain with a conserved peptide portion in the region encoded by PTPN11 exon 6 (E6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Bellacchio
- Area di Ricerca Genetica e Malattie Rare, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
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24
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Xu Y, Rahim A, Lin Q. Spontaneous Orthogonal Protein Crosslinking via a Genetically Encoded 2‐Carboxy‐4‐Aryl‐1,2,3‐Triazole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
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25
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High-valency Anti-CD99 Antibodies Toward the Treatment of T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167402. [PMID: 34958778 PMCID: PMC8897262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive form of leukemia that currently requires intensive chemotherapy. While childhood T-ALL is associated with high cure rates, adult T-ALL is not, and both are associated with significant short- and long-term morbidities. Thus, less toxic and effective strategies to treat T-ALL are needed. CD99 is overexpressed on T-ALL blasts at diagnosis and at relapse. Although targeting CD99 with cytotoxic antibodies has been proposed, the molecular features required for their activity are undefined. We identified human antibodies that selectively bound to the extracellular domain of human CD99, and the most potent clone, 10A1, shared an epitope with a previously described cytotoxic IgM antibody. We engineered clone 10A1 in bivalent, trivalent, tetravalent, and dodecavalent formats. Increasing the antibody valency beyond two had no effects on binding to T-ALL cells. In contrast, a valency of ≥3 was required for cytotoxicity, suggesting a mechanism of action in which an antibody clusters ≥3 CD99 molecules to induce cytotoxicity. We developed a human IgG-based tetravalent version of 10A1 that exhibited cytotoxic activity to T-ALL cells but not to healthy peripheral blood cells. The crystal structure of the 10A1 Fab in complex with a CD99 fragment revealed that the antibody primarily recognizes a proline-rich motif (PRM) of CD99 in a manner reminiscent of SH3-PRM interactions. This work further validates CD99 as a promising therapeutic target in T-ALL and defines a pathway toward the development of a selective therapy against T-ALL.
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26
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Song Y, Wang S, Zhao M, Yang X, Yu B. Strategies Targeting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP2 for Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3066-3079. [PMID: 35157464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 encoded by PTPN11 is a promising therapeutic target for cancer therapy, while the multifaceted roles of SHP2 complicate the drug discovery targeting SHP2. Given the biological significance of SHP2, strategies targeting SHP2 have been developed in recent years. To date, eight SHP2 inhibitors have advanced into clinical trials as mono- or combined therapy for treating solid tumors or adaptive resistant cancers. In this Perspective, we briefly summarize the strategies targeting SHP2 including inhibitors, activators, and proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders. Besides, targeting the protein-protein interactions between SHP2 and other adaptor proteins is also discussed. Finally, we also highlight the target- and pathway-dependent combination strategies of SHP2 for cancer therapy. This Perspective may provide a timely and updated overview on the strategies targeting SHP2 for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Shu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100000, China
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27
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Chou YT, Bivona TG. Inhibition of SHP2 as an approach to block RAS-driven cancers. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 153:205-236. [PMID: 35101231 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a critical component of RAS/MAPK signaling by acting upstream of RAS to promote oncogenic signaling and tumor growth. Over three decades, SHP2 was considered "undruggable" because enzymatic active-site inhibitors generally showed off-target inhibition of other proteins and low membrane permeability. More recently, allosteric SHP2 inhibitors with striking inhibitory potency have been developed. These small molecules effectively block the signal transduction between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and RAS/MAPK signaling and show efficacy in preclinical cancer models. Moreover, clinical evaluation of these allosteric SHP2 inhibitors is ongoing. RAS proteins which harbor transforming properties by gain-of-function mutations are present in various cancer types. While inhibitors of KRASG12C show early clinical promise, resistance remains a challenge and other forms of oncogenic RAS remain to be selectively inhibited. Here, we summarize the role of SHP2 in RAS-driven cancers and the therapeutic potential of allosteric SHP2 inhibitors as a strategy to block RAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, and The Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, and The Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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28
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Schmidt N, Abendroth F, Vázquez O, Hantschel O. Synthesis of the l- and d-SH2 domain of the leukaemia oncogene Bcr-Abl. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:1008-1012. [PMID: 35975004 PMCID: PMC9347351 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00108j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The d- and l-versions of the Bcr-Abl SH2 domain (12.7 kDa) were synthesized. Key optimizations included pseudoproline incorporation, N-terminal hydrophilic tail addition and mild N-acetoxy succinimide acetylation. Their folding and activity are as for the recombinant protein. Our results will enable engineering of mirror-image monobody antagonists of the central oncoprotein Bcr-Abl. The d- and l-versions of the Bcr-Abl SH2 domain (12.7 kDa) were synthesized successfully and show similar folding as compared to a recombinantly expressed version.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schmidt
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Abendroth
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Olalla Vázquez
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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29
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Abstract
Molecular display technologies have enabled the generation of synthetic binders with high affinities against a variety of antigens. However, engineering binders with high selectivity is still a challenging task. Here, we illustrate points to consider in developing highly selective binders against antigens of interest. We describe a systematic strategy for sorting selective binders using the yeast display technology. Using the approach described, our group has overcome molecular recognition challenges and developed a series of synthetic binders with exceptional selectivity against diverse antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wen Teng
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Discovery Biologics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akiko Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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30
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Akkapeddi P, Teng KW, Koide S. Monobodies as tool biologics for accelerating target validation and druggable site discovery. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1839-1853. [PMID: 34820623 PMCID: PMC8597423 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00188d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite increased investment and technological advancement, new drug approvals have not proportionally increased. Low drug approval rates, particularly for new targets, are linked to insufficient target validation at early stages. Thus, there remains a strong need for effective target validation techniques. Here, we review the use of synthetic binding proteins as tools for drug target validation, with focus on the monobody platform among several advanced synthetic binding protein platforms. Monobodies with high affinity and high selectivity can be rapidly developed against challenging targets, such as KRAS mutants, using protein engineering technologies. They have strong tendency to bind to functional sites and thus serve as drug-like molecules, and they can serve as targeting ligands for constructing bio-PROTACs. Genetically encoded monobodies are effective "tool biologics" for validating intracellular targets. They promote crystallization and help reveal the atomic structures of the monobody-target interface, which can inform drug design. Using case studies, we illustrate the potential of the monobody technology in accelerating target validation and small-molecule drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Akkapeddi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Kai Wen Teng
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine New York NY USA
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31
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Bobone S, Pannone L, Biondi B, Solman M, Flex E, Canale VC, Calligari P, De Faveri C, Gandini T, Quercioli A, Torini G, Venditti M, Lauri A, Fasano G, Hoeksma J, Santucci V, Cattani G, Bocedi A, Carpentieri G, Tirelli V, Sanchez M, Peggion C, Formaggio F, den Hertog J, Martinelli S, Bocchinfuso G, Tartaglia M, Stella L. Targeting Oncogenic Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing Phosphatase 2 (SHP2) by Inhibiting Its Protein-Protein Interactions. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15973-15990. [PMID: 34714648 PMCID: PMC8591604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new class of inhibitors of protein-protein interactions of the SHP2 phosphatase, which is pivotal in cell signaling and represents a central target in the therapy of cancer and rare diseases. Currently available SHP2 inhibitors target the catalytic site or an allosteric pocket but lack specificity or are ineffective for disease-associated SHP2 mutants. Considering that pathogenic lesions cause signaling hyperactivation due to increased levels of SHP2 association with cognate proteins, we developed peptide-based molecules with nanomolar affinity for the N-terminal Src homology domain of SHP2, good selectivity, stability to degradation, and an affinity for pathogenic variants of SHP2 that is 2-20 times higher than for the wild-type protein. The best peptide reverted the effects of a pathogenic variant (D61G) in zebrafish embryos. Our results provide a novel route for SHP2-targeted therapies and a tool for investigating the role of protein-protein interactions in the function of SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bobone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Luca Pannone
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy.,Dipartimento di Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Maja Solman
- Hubrecht institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabetta Flex
- Dipartimento di Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Viviana Claudia Canale
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Paolo Calligari
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Chiara De Faveri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Tommaso Gandini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Andrea Quercioli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Torini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Martina Venditti
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Antonella Lauri
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Giulia Fasano
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Jelmer Hoeksma
- Hubrecht institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Valerio Santucci
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giada Cattani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giovanna Carpentieri
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy.,Dipartimento di Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Valentina Tirelli
- Centre of Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Centre of Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Cristina Peggion
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Padova 35131, Italy.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Padova 35131, Italy.,Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Bocchinfuso
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stella
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
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32
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Yasui N, Nakamura K, Yamashita A. A sweet protein monellin as a non-antibody scaffold for synthetic binding proteins. J Biochem 2021; 169:585-599. [PMID: 33386843 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic binding proteins that have the ability to bind with molecules can be generated using various protein domains as non-antibody scaffolds. These designer proteins have been used widely in research studies, as their properties overcome the disadvantages of using antibodies. Here, we describe the first application of a phage display to generate synthetic binding proteins using a sweet protein, monellin, as a non-antibody scaffold. Single-chain monellin (scMonellin), in which two polypeptide chains of natural monellin are connected by a short linker, has two loops on one side of the molecule. We constructed phage display libraries of scMonellin, in which the amino acid sequence of the two loops is diversified. To validate the performance of these libraries, we sorted them against the folding mutant of the green fluorescent protein variant (GFPuv) and yeast small ubiquitin-related modifier. We successfully obtained scMonellin variants exhibiting moderate but significant affinities for these target proteins. Crystal structures of one of the GFPuv-binding variants in complex with GFPuv revealed that the two diversified loops were involved in target recognition. scMonellin, therefore, represents a promising non-antibody scaffold in the design and generation of synthetic binding proteins. We termed the scMonellin-derived synthetic binding proteins 'SWEEPins'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Yasui
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yamashita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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33
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Tuning SAS-6 architecture with monobodies impairs distinct steps of centriole assembly. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3805. [PMID: 34155202 PMCID: PMC8217511 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are evolutionarily conserved multi-protein organelles essential for forming cilia and centrosomes. Centriole biogenesis begins with self-assembly of SAS-6 proteins into 9-fold symmetrical ring polymers, which then stack into a cartwheel that scaffolds organelle formation. The importance of this architecture has been difficult to decipher notably because of the lack of precise tools to modulate the underlying assembly reaction. Here, we developed monobodies against Chlamydomonas reinhardtii SAS-6, characterizing three in detail with X-ray crystallography, atomic force microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy. This revealed distinct monobody-target interaction modes, as well as specific consequences on ring assembly and stacking. Of particular interest, monobody MBCRS6-15 induces a conformational change in CrSAS-6, resulting in the formation of a helix instead of a ring. Furthermore, we show that this alteration impairs centriole biogenesis in human cells. Overall, our findings identify monobodies as powerful molecular levers to alter the architecture of multi-protein complexes and tune centriole assembly.
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34
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Guo Y, Xu Y, Dong X, Zhang J. Cross the Undruggable Barrier, the Development of SHP2 Inhibitors: From Catalytic Site Inhibitors to Allosteric Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy Institution The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou 310006 P.R. China
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35
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Teng KW, Tsai ST, Hattori T, Fedele C, Koide A, Yang C, Hou X, Zhang Y, Neel BG, O'Bryan JP, Koide S. Selective and noncovalent targeting of RAS mutants for inhibition and degradation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2656. [PMID: 33976200 PMCID: PMC8113534 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating mutants of RAS are commonly found in human cancers, but to date selective targeting of RAS in the clinic has been limited to KRAS(G12C) through covalent inhibitors. Here, we report a monobody, termed 12VC1, that recognizes the active state of both KRAS(G12V) and KRAS(G12C) up to 400-times more tightly than wild-type KRAS. The crystal structures reveal that 12VC1 recognizes the mutations through a shallow pocket, and 12VC1 competes against RAS-effector interaction. When expressed intracellularly, 12VC1 potently inhibits ERK activation and the proliferation of RAS-driven cancer cell lines in vitro and in mouse xenograft models. 12VC1 fused to VHL selectively degrades the KRAS mutants and provides more extended suppression of mutant RAS activity than inhibition by 12VC1 alone. These results demonstrate the feasibility of selective targeting and degradation of KRAS mutants in the active state with noncovalent reagents and provide a starting point for designing noncovalent therapeutics against oncogenic RAS mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wen Teng
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven T Tsai
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takamitsu Hattori
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmine Fedele
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akiko Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P O'Bryan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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36
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Garnish SE, Meng Y, Koide A, Sandow JJ, Denbaum E, Jacobsen AV, Yeung W, Samson AL, Horne CR, Fitzgibbon C, Young SN, Smith PPC, Webb AI, Petrie EJ, Hildebrand JM, Kannan N, Czabotar PE, Koide S, Murphy JM. Conformational interconversion of MLKL and disengagement from RIPK3 precede cell death by necroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2211. [PMID: 33850121 PMCID: PMC8044208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the MLKL pseudokinase by the RIPK3 kinase leads to MLKL oligomerization, translocation to, and permeabilization of, the plasma membrane to induce necroptotic cell death. The precise choreography of MLKL activation remains incompletely understood. Here, we report Monobodies, synthetic binding proteins, that bind the pseudokinase domain of MLKL within human cells and their crystal structures in complex with the human MLKL pseudokinase domain. While Monobody-32 constitutively binds the MLKL hinge region, Monobody-27 binds MLKL via an epitope that overlaps the RIPK3 binding site and is only exposed after phosphorylated MLKL disengages from RIPK3 following necroptotic stimulation. The crystal structures identified two distinct conformations of the MLKL pseudokinase domain, supporting the idea that a conformational transition accompanies MLKL disengagement from RIPK3. These studies provide further evidence that MLKL undergoes a large conformational change upon activation, and identify MLKL disengagement from RIPK3 as a key regulatory step in the necroptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Garnish
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yanxiang Meng
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Akiko Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jarrod J Sandow
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric Denbaum
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annette V Jacobsen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wayland Yeung
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Andre L Samson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher R Horne
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cheree Fitzgibbon
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuel N Young
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Phoebe P C Smith
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew I Webb
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma J Petrie
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne M Hildebrand
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Peter E Czabotar
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - James M Murphy
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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37
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Li S, Zou Y, Zhao D, Yin Y, Song J, He N, Liu H, Qian D, Li L, Huang H. Revisiting the phosphotyrosine binding pocket of Fyn SH2 domain led to the identification of novel SH2 superbinders. Protein Sci 2020; 30:558-570. [PMID: 33314411 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein engineering through directed evolution is an effective way to obtain proteins with novel functions with the potential applications as tools for diagnosis or therapeutics. Many natural proteins have undergone directed evolution in vitro in the test tubes in the laboratories worldwide, resulting in the numerous protein variants with novel or enhanced functions. we constructed here an SH2 variant library by randomizing 8 variable residues in its phosphotyrosine (pTyr) binding pocket. Selection of this library by a pTyr peptide led to the identification of SH2 variants with enhanced affinities measured by EC50. Fluorescent polarization was then applied to quantify the binding affinities of the newly identified SH2 variants. As a result, three SH2 variants, named V3, V13 and V24, have comparable binding affinities with the previously identified SH2 triple-mutant superbinder. Biolayer Interferometry assay was employed to disclose the kinetics of the binding of these SH2 superbinders to the phosphotyrosine peptide. The results indicated that all the SH2 superbinders have two-orders increase of the dissociation rate when binding the pTyr peptide while there was no significant change in their associate rates. Intriguingly, though binding the pTyr peptide with comparable affinity with other SH2 superbinders, the V3 does not bind to the sTyr peptide. However, variant V13 and V24 have cross-reactivity with both pTyr and sTyr peptides. The newly identified superbinders could be utilized as tools for the identification of pTyr-containing proteins from tissues under different physiological or pathophysiological conditions and may have the potential in the therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Antibody Engineering, Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zou
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongping Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Antibody Engineering, Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ningning He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongmeng Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,The Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
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38
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The structural basis of promiscuity in small multidrug resistance transporters. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6064. [PMID: 33247110 PMCID: PMC7695847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
By providing broad resistance to environmental biocides, transporters from the small multidrug resistance (SMR) family drive the spread of multidrug resistance cassettes among bacterial populations. A fundamental understanding of substrate selectivity by SMR transporters is needed to identify the types of selective pressures that contribute to this process. Using solid-supported membrane electrophysiology, we find that promiscuous transport of hydrophobic substituted cations is a general feature of SMR transporters. To understand the molecular basis for promiscuity, we solved X-ray crystal structures of a SMR transporter Gdx-Clo in complex with substrates to a maximum resolution of 2.3 Å. These structures confirm the family’s extremely rare dual topology architecture and reveal a cleft between two helices that provides accommodation in the membrane for the hydrophobic substituents of transported drug-like cations. Gdx-Clo is a bacterial transporter from the small multidrug resistance (SMR) family. Here, the authors use solid supported membrane electrophysiology to characterize Gdx-Clo functionally and report crystal structures of Gdx-Clo which confirm the dual topology architecture and offer insight into substrate binding and transport mechanism.
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39
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La Sala G, Michiels C, Kükenshöner T, Brandstoetter T, Maurer B, Koide A, Lau K, Pojer F, Koide S, Sexl V, Dumoutier L, Hantschel O. Selective inhibition of STAT3 signaling using monobodies targeting the coiled-coil and N-terminal domains. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4115. [PMID: 32807795 PMCID: PMC7431413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor STAT3 is frequently activated in human solid and hematological malignancies and remains a challenging therapeutic target with no approved drugs to date. Here, we develop synthetic antibody mimetics, termed monobodies, to interfere with STAT3 signaling. These monobodies are highly selective for STAT3 and bind with nanomolar affinity to the N-terminal and coiled-coil domains. Interactome analysis detects no significant binding to other STATs or additional off-target proteins, confirming their exquisite specificity. Intracellular expression of monobodies fused to VHL, an E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor, results in degradation of endogenous STAT3. The crystal structure of STAT3 in complex with monobody MS3-6 reveals bending of the coiled-coil domain, resulting in diminished DNA binding and nuclear translocation. MS3-6 expression strongly inhibits STAT3-dependent transcriptional activation and disrupts STAT3 interaction with the IL-22 receptor. Therefore, our study establishes innovative tools to interfere with STAT3 signaling by different molecular mechanisms. STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target but its homology with other STAT proteins complicates the development of selective inhibitors. Here, the authors develop monobodies with high affinity and selectivity for STAT3 and show that they can interfere with cellular STAT3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory La Sala
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camille Michiels
- Experimental Medicine Unit, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Kükenshöner
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tania Brandstoetter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akiko Koide
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Kelvin Lau
- Protein Crystallography Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- Protein Crystallography Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shohei Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- Experimental Medicine Unit, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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40
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Btk SH2-kinase interface is critical for allosteric kinase activation and its targeting inhibits B-cell neoplasms. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2319. [PMID: 32385234 PMCID: PMC7210950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is critical for B-cell maturation and activation. Btk loss-of-function mutations cause human X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). In contrast, Btk signaling sustains growth of several B-cell neoplasms which may be treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we uncovered the structural mechanism by which certain XLA mutations in the SH2 domain strongly perturb Btk activation. Using a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we discovered an allosteric interface between the SH2 and kinase domain required for Btk activation and to which multiple XLA mutations map. As allosteric interactions provide unique targeting opportunities, we developed an engineered repebody protein binding to the SH2 domain and able to disrupt the SH2-kinase interaction. The repebody prevents activation of wild-type and TKI-resistant Btk, inhibiting Btk-dependent signaling and proliferation of malignant B-cells. Therefore, the SH2-kinase interface is critical for Btk activation and a targetable site for allosteric inhibition. Constitutive Btk signaling drives several B-cell cancers. Here the authors demonstrate key allosteric intramolecular interactions between the SH2 domain and the kinase domain of Btk, and propose an alternative approach for inhibition of both wild-type and tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant Btk.
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41
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Identification of MLKL membrane translocation as a checkpoint in necroptotic cell death using Monobodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8468-8475. [PMID: 32234780 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1919960117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The necroptosis cell death pathway has been implicated in host defense and in the pathology of inflammatory diseases. While phosphorylation of the necroptotic effector pseudokinase Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like (MLKL) by the upstream protein kinase RIPK3 is a hallmark of pathway activation, the precise checkpoints in necroptosis signaling are still unclear. Here we have developed monobodies, synthetic binding proteins, that bind the N-terminal four-helix bundle (4HB) "killer" domain and neighboring first brace helix of human MLKL with nanomolar affinity. When expressed as genetically encoded reagents in cells, these monobodies potently block necroptotic cell death. However, they did not prevent MLKL recruitment to the "necrosome" and phosphorylation by RIPK3, nor the assembly of MLKL into oligomers, but did block MLKL translocation to membranes where activated MLKL normally disrupts membranes to kill cells. An X-ray crystal structure revealed a monobody-binding site centered on the α4 helix of the MLKL 4HB domain, which mutational analyses showed was crucial for reconstitution of necroptosis signaling. These data implicate the α4 helix of its 4HB domain as a crucial site for recruitment of adaptor proteins that mediate membrane translocation, distinct from known phospholipid binding sites.
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42
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Hantschel O, Biancalana M, Koide S. Monobodies as enabling tools for structural and mechanistic biology. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 60:167-174. [PMID: 32145686 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Monobodies, built with the scaffold of the fibronectin type III domain, are among the most well-established synthetic binding proteins. They promote crystallization of challenging molecular systems. They have strong tendency to bind to functional sites and thus serve as drug-like molecules that perturb the biological functions of their targets. Monobodies lack disulfide bonds and thus they are particularly suited as genetically encoded reagents to be used intracellularly. This article reviews recent monobody-enabled studies that reveal new structures, molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic opportunities. A systematic analysis of the crystal structures of monobody-target complexes suggests important attributes that make monobodies effective crystallization chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hantschel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Matthew Biancalana
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shohei Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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43
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Koirala D, Lewicka A, Koldobskaya Y, Huang H, Piccirilli JA. Synthetic Antibody Binding to a Preorganized RNA Domain of Hepatitis C Virus Internal Ribosome Entry Site Inhibits Translation. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:205-216. [PMID: 31765566 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Structured RNA elements within the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome hijack host cell machinery for translation initiation through a cap-independent mechanism. Here, using a phage display selection, we obtained two antibody fragments (Fabs), HCV2 and HCV3, against HCV IRES that bind the RNA with dissociation constants of 32 ± 7 nM and 37 ± 8 nM respectively, specifically recognizing the so-called junction IIIabc (JIIIabc). We used these Fabs as crystallization chaperones and determined the high-resolution crystal structures of JIIIabc-HCV2 and -HCV3 complexes at 1.81 Å and 2.75 Å resolution respectively, revealing an antiparallel four-way junction with the IIIa and IIIc subdomains brought together through tertiary interactions. The RNA conformation observed in the structures supports the structural model for this region derived from cryo-EM data for the HCV IRES-40S ribosome complex, suggesting that the tertiary fold of the RNA preorganizes the domain for interactions with the 40S ribosome. Strikingly, both Fabs and the ribosomal protein eS27 not only interact with a common subset of nucleotides within the JIIIabc but also use physiochemically similar sets of protein residues to do so, suggesting that the RNA surface is well-suited for interactions with proteins, perhaps analogous to the "hot spot" concept elaborated for protein-protein interactions. Using a rabbit reticulocyte lysate-based translation assay with a bicistronic reporter construct, we further demonstrated that Fabs HCV2 and HCV3 specifically inhibit the HCV IRES-directed translation, implicating disruption of the JIIIabc-ribosome interaction as a potential therapeutic strategy against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Koirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Anna Lewicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yelena Koldobskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Joseph A. Piccirilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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44
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Röth S, Fulcher LJ, Sapkota GP. Advances in targeted degradation of endogenous proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2761-2777. [PMID: 31030225 PMCID: PMC6588652 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein silencing is often employed as a means to aid investigations in protein function and is increasingly desired as a therapeutic approach. Several types of protein silencing methodologies have been developed, including targeting the encoding genes, transcripts, the process of translation or the protein directly. Despite these advances, most silencing systems suffer from limitations. Silencing protein expression through genetic ablation, for example by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, is irreversible, time consuming and not always feasible. Similarly, RNA interference approaches warrant prolonged treatments, can lead to incomplete protein depletion and are often associated with off-target effects. Targeted proteolysis has the potential to overcome some of these limitations. The field of targeted proteolysis has witnessed the emergence of many methodologies aimed at targeting specific proteins for degradation in a spatio-temporal manner. In this review, we provide an appraisal of the different targeted proteolytic systems and discuss their applications in understanding protein function, as well as their potential in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Röth
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Luke J Fulcher
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Gopal P Sapkota
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
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45
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Ludwicki MB, Li J, Stephens EA, Roberts RW, Koide S, Hammond PT, DeLisa MP. Broad-Spectrum Proteome Editing with an Engineered Bacterial Ubiquitin Ligase Mimic. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:852-866. [PMID: 31139721 PMCID: PMC6535771 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to achieve targeted silencing of cellular proteins has emerged as a reliable and customizable strategy for remodeling the mammalian proteome. One such approach involves engineering bifunctional proteins called ubiquibodies that are comprised of a synthetic binding protein fused to an E3 ubiquitin ligase, thus enabling post-translational ubiquitination and degradation of a target protein independent of its function. Here, we have designed a panel of new ubiquibodies based on E3 ubiquitin ligase mimics from bacterial pathogens that are capable of effectively interfacing with the mammalian proteasomal degradation machinery for selective removal of proteins of interest. One of these, the Shigella flexneri effector protein IpaH9.8 fused to a fibronectin type III (FN3) monobody that specifically recognizes green fluorescent protein (GFP), was observed to potently eliminate GFP and its spectral derivatives as well as 15 different FP-tagged mammalian proteins that varied in size (27-179 kDa) and subcellular localization (cytoplasm, nucleus, membrane-associated, and transmembrane). To demonstrate therapeutically relevant delivery of ubiquibodies, we leveraged a bioinspired molecular assembly method whereby synthetic mRNA encoding the GFP-specific ubiquibody was coassembled with poly A binding proteins and packaged into nanosized complexes using biocompatible, structurally defined polypolypeptides bearing cationic amine side groups. The resulting nanoplexes delivered ubiquibody mRNA in a manner that caused efficient target depletion in cultured mammalian cells stably expressing GFP as well as in transgenic mice expressing GFP ubiquitously. Overall, our results suggest that IpaH9.8-based ubiquibodies are a highly modular proteome editing technology with the potential for pharmacologically modulating disease-causing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan B. Ludwicki
- Robert F. Smith
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New
York 14853, United
States
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Erin A. Stephens
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Richard W. Roberts
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University
Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Pharmacology, New York University School
of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Robert F. Smith
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New
York 14853, United
States
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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46
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Schmit NE, Neopane K, Hantschel O. Targeted Protein Degradation through Cytosolic Delivery of Monobody Binders Using Bacterial Toxins. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:916-924. [PMID: 31025848 PMCID: PMC7316569 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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Monobodies
are small engineered binding proteins that, upon expression
in cells, can inhibit signaling of cytosolic oncoproteins with outstanding
selectivity. Efficacy may be further increased by inducing degradation
of monobody targets through fusion to the von Hippel–Lindau
(VHL) substrate receptor of the Cullin2-E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
However, potential therapeutic use is currently limited, because of
the inability of monobody proteins to cross cellular membranes. Here,
we use a chimeric bacterial toxin, composed of the Shiga-like toxin
B (Stx2B) subunit and the translocation domain of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA-II) for delivery of VHL–monobody
protein fusions to target endogenous tyrosine kinases in cancer cells.
Depending on the expression of the Stx2B receptor Gb3 on the cell
surface, we show that monobodies are taken up by an endocytic route,
but are not degraded in lysosomes. Delivery of monobodies fused to
a nuclear localization signal resulted in accumulation in the nucleus,
thereby indirectly, but unequivocally, demonstrating cytosolic delivery.
Delivery of VHL fused to monobodies targeting the Lck tyrosine kinase
in T-cells resulted in reduced Lck protein levels, which was dependent
on the expression of Gb3. This led to the inhibition of proximal signaling
events downstream of the T-cell receptor complex. This work provides
a prime example of the delivery of a stoichiometric protein inhibitor
of an endogenous target protein to cells and inducing its degradation
without the need of genetic manipulation of target cells. It lays
the foundation for further in vivo exploitation of
this delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Eliane Schmit
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katyayanee Neopane
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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47
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Parameswaran S, Kundapur D, Vizeacoumar FS, Freywald A, Uppalapati M, Vizeacoumar FJ. A Road Map to Personalizing Targeted Cancer Therapies Using Synthetic Lethality. Trends Cancer 2018; 5:11-29. [PMID: 30616753 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies rely on the genetic and epigenetic status of the tumor cells and are seen as the most promising approach to treat cancer today. However, current targeted therapies focus on directly inhibiting those molecules that are altered in tumor cells. Unfortunately, targeting these molecules, even with specific inhibitors, is challenging as tumor cells rewire their genetic circuitry to eliminate genetic dependency on these targets. Here, we describe how synthetic lethality approaches can be used to identify genetic dependencies and develop personalized targeted therapies. We also discuss strategies to specifically target these genetic dependencies, using small molecule and biologic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejit Parameswaran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada; These authors contributed equally
| | - Deeksha Kundapur
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada; These authors contributed equally
| | - Frederick S Vizeacoumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Andrew Freywald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Maruti Uppalapati
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Franco J Vizeacoumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada; Cancer Research, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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48
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Gupta A, Xu J, Lee S, Tsai ST, Zhou B, Kurosawa K, Werner MS, Koide A, Ruthenburg AJ, Dou Y, Koide S. Facile target validation in an animal model with intracellularly expressed monobodies. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:895-900. [PMID: 30013062 PMCID: PMC6103845 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly determining the biological effect of perturbing a site within a potential drug target could guide drug discovery efforts but it remains challenging. Here, we describe a facile target validation approach that exploits monobodies, small synthetic binding proteins that can be fully functionally expressed in cells. We developed a potent and selective monobody to WDR5, a core component of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) methyltransferase complex. The monobody bound to the MLL-interaction site of WDR5, the same site for small molecule inhibitors whose efficacy has been demonstrated in cells but not in animals. As a genetically encoded reagent, the monobody inhibited proliferation of an MLL-AF9 cell line in vitro, suppressed its leukemogenesis and conferred survival benefit in an in vivo mouse leukemia model. The capacity of this approach to readily bridge biochemical, structural, cellular characterization and tests in animal models may accelerate discovery and validation of druggable sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gupta
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shirley Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steven T Tsai
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kohei Kurosawa
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael S Werner
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Akiko Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander J Ruthenburg
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Shohei Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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49
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Lau SY, Siau JW, Sobota RM, Wang CI, Zhong P, Lane DP, Ghadessy FJ. Synthetic 10FN3-based mono- and bivalent inhibitors of MDM2/X function. Protein Eng Des Sel 2018; 31:301-312. [PMID: 30169723 PMCID: PMC6277172 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered non-antibody scaffold proteins constitute a rapidly growing technology for diagnostics and modulation/perturbation of protein function. Here, we describe the rapid and systematic development of high-affinity 10FN3 domain inhibitors of the MDM2 and MDMX proteins. These are often overexpressed in cancer and represent attractive drug targets. Using facile in vitro expression and pull-down assay methodology, numerous design iterations addressing insertion site(s) and spacer length were screened for optimal presentation of an MDM2/X dual peptide inhibitor in the 10FN3 scaffold. Lead inhibitors demonstrated robust, on-target cellular inhibition of MDM2/X leading to activation of the p53 tumor suppressor. Significant improvement to target engagement was observed by increasing valency within a single 10FN3 domain, which has not been demonstrated previously. We further established stable reporter cell lines with tunable expression of EGFP-fused 10FN3 domain inhibitors, and showed their intracellular location to be contingent on target engagement. Importantly, competitive inhibition of MDM2/X by small molecules and cell-penetrating peptides led to a readily observable phenotype, indicating significant potential of the developed platform as a robust tool for cell-based drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- S -Y Lau
- p53 Laboratory (p53Lab), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J W Siau
- p53 Laboratory (p53Lab), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R M Sobota
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C -I Wang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P Zhong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D P Lane
- p53 Laboratory (p53Lab), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - F J Ghadessy
- p53 Laboratory (p53Lab), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
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50
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Tanaka SI, Takahashi T, Koide A, Iwamoto R, Koikeda S, Koide S. Monobody-Mediated Alteration of Lipase Substrate Specificity. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1487-1492. [PMID: 29757606 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the catalytic properties of enzymes remain an important challenge in chemistry and biotechnology. We have recently established a strategy for altering enzyme specificity in which the addition of proxy monobodies, synthetic binding proteins, modulates the specificity of an otherwise unmodified enzyme. Here, in order to examine its broader applicability, we employed the strategy on Candida rugosa lipase 1 (CRL1), an enzyme with a tunnel-like substrate binding site. We successfully identified proxy monobodies that restricted the substrate specificity of CRL1 toward short-chain fatty acids. The successes with this enzyme system and a β-galactosidase used in the previous work suggest that our strategy can be applied to diverse enzymes with distinct architectures of substrate binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Tanaka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Frontier Research Department, Gifu R&D Center, Amano Enzyme, Inc., Gifu 509-0109, Japan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Frontier Research Department, Gifu R&D Center, Amano Enzyme, Inc., Gifu 509-0109, Japan
| | - Akiko Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Riki Iwamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koikeda
- Frontier Research Department, Gifu R&D Center, Amano Enzyme, Inc., Gifu 509-0109, Japan
| | - Shohei Koide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
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