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Shafqat A, Masters MC, Tripathi U, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Hashmi SK. Long COVID as a disease of accelerated biological aging: An opportunity to translate geroscience interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102400. [PMID: 38945306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
It has been four years since long COVID-the protracted consequences that survivors of COVID-19 face-was first described. Yet, this entity continues to devastate the quality of life of an increasing number of COVID-19 survivors without any approved therapy and a paucity of clinical trials addressing its biological root causes. Notably, many of the symptoms of long COVID are typically seen with advancing age. Leveraging this similarity, we posit that Geroscience-which aims to target the biological drivers of aging to prevent age-associated conditions as a group-could offer promising therapeutic avenues for long COVID. Bearing this in mind, this review presents a translational framework for studying long COVID as a state of effectively accelerated biological aging, identifying research gaps and offering recommendations for future preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Research and Innovation Center, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Sanches TR, Parra AC, Sun P, Graner MP, Itto LYU, Butter LM, Claessen N, Roelofs JJ, Florquin S, Veras MM, Andrade MDF, Saldiva PHN, Kers J, Andrade L, Tammaro A. Air pollution aggravates renal ischaemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. J Pathol 2024; 263:496-507. [PMID: 38934262 DOI: 10.1002/path.6302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted the link between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and a decline in renal function. PM2.5 exerts harmful effects on various organs through oxidative stress and inflammation. Acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) involves biological processes similar to those involved in PM2.5 toxicity and is a known risk factor for CKD. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of PM2.5 exposure on IRI-induced AKI. Through a unique environmentally controlled setup, mice were exposed to urban PM2.5 or filtered air for 12 weeks before IRI followed by euthanasia 48 h after surgery. Animals exposed to PM2.5 and IRI exhibited reduced glomerular filtration, impaired urine concentration ability, and significant tubular damage. Further, PM2.5 aggravated local innate immune responses and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as enhancing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway activation. This increased renal senescence and suppressed the anti-ageing protein klotho, leading to early fibrotic changes. In vitro studies using proximal tubular epithelial cells exposed to PM2.5 and hypoxia/reoxygenation revealed heightened activation of the STING pathway triggered by cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA, resulting in increased tubular damage and a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In summary, our findings imply a role for PM2.5 in sensitising proximal tubular epithelial cells to IRI-induced damage, suggesting a plausible association between PM2.5 exposure and heightened susceptibility to CKD in individuals experiencing AKI. Strategies aimed at reducing PM2.5 concentrations and implementing preventive measures may improve outcomes for AKI patients and mitigate the progression from AKI to CKD. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Rojas Sanches
- Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases (LIM-12), Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Parra
- Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases (LIM-12), Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peiqi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana Pereira Graner
- Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases (LIM-12), Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Yuji Umesaki Itto
- Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases (LIM-12), Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Loes Maria Butter
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nike Claessen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Jth Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology (LIM-5), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fatima Andrade
- Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (IAG), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Biomolecular Systems Analytics, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper Kers
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Biomolecular Systems Analytics, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Andrade
- Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases (LIM-12), Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Tammaro
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science and Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Qiu R, Cai Y, Su Y, Fan K, Sun Z, Zhang Y. Emerging insights into Lipocalin-2: Unraveling its role in Parkinson's Disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116947. [PMID: 38901198 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) ranks as the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, marked by a complex pathogenesis. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) emerges as a crucial factor during the progression of PD. Belonging to the lipocalin family, LCN2 is integral to several biological functions, including glial cell activation, iron homeostasis regulation, immune response, inflammatory reactions, and oxidative stress mitigation. Substantial research has highlighted marked increases in LCN2 expression within the substantia nigra (SN), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood of individuals with PD. This review focuses on the pathological roles of LCN2 in neuroinflammation, aging, neuronal damage, and iron dysregulation in PD. It aims to explore the underlying mechanisms of LCN2 in the disease and potential therapeutic targets that could inform future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqing Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunjia Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yana Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangli Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Cai Z, Yang Y, Zhong J, Ji Y, Li T, Luo J, Hu S, Luo H, Wu Y, Liu F, Zhang J. cGAS suppresses β-cell proliferation by a STING-independent but CEBPβ-dependent mechanism. Metabolism 2024; 157:155933. [PMID: 38729601 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) has been implicated in various cellular processes, but its role in β-cell proliferation and diabetes is not fully understood. This study investigates the impact of cGAS on β-cell proliferation, particularly in the context of diabetes. METHODS Utilizing mouse models, including cGAS and STING (stimulator of interferon genes) knockout mice, we explored the role of cGAS in β-cell function. This involved β-cell-specific cGAS knockout (cGASβKO) mice, created by breeding cGAS floxed mice with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase under the insulin II promoter. We analyzed cGAS expression in diabetic mouse models, evaluated the effects of cGAS deficiency on glucose tolerance, and investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects through RNA sequencing. RESULTS cGAS expression is upregulated in the islets of diabetic mice and by high glucose treatment in MIN6 cells. Both global cGAS deficiency and β-cell-specific cGAS knockout mice lead to improved glucose tolerance by promoting β-cell mass. Interestingly, STING knockout did not affect pancreatic β-cell mass, suggesting a STING-independent mechanism for cGAS's role in β-cells. Further analyses revealed that cGAS- but not STING-deficiency leads to reduced expression of CEBPβ, a known suppressor of β-cell proliferation, concurrently with increased β-cell proliferation. Moreover, overexpression of CEBPβ reverses the upregulation of Cyclin D1 and D2 induced by cGAS deficiency, thereby regulating β-cell proliferation. These results confirm that cGAS regulation of β-cell proliferation via a CEBPβ-dependent but STING-independent mechanism. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings highlight the pivotal role of cGAS in promoting β-cell proliferation and maintaining glucose homeostasis, potentially by regulating CEBPβ expression in a STING-independent manner. This study uncovers the significance of cGAS in controlling β-cell mass and identifies a potential therapeutic target for enhancing β-cell proliferation in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Cai
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yujiao Ji
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Departments of Liver Organ Transplantation, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Departments of Liver Organ Transplantation, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shanbiao Hu
- Departments of Urological Organ Transplantation, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hairong Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine of Hunan Province, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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5
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Stavgiannoudaki I, Goulielmaki E, Garinis GA. Broken strands, broken minds: Exploring the nexus of DNA damage and neurodegeneration. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 140:103699. [PMID: 38852477 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss progressively leading to cognitive decline and the manifestation of incurable and debilitating conditions, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Loss of genome maintenance causally contributes to age-related neurodegeneration, as exemplified by the premature appearance of neurodegenerative features in a growing family of human syndromes and mice harbouring inborn defects in DNA repair. Here, we discuss the relevance of persistent DNA damage, key DNA repair mechanisms and compromised genome integrity in age-related neurodegeneration highlighting the significance of investigating these connections to pave the way for the development of rationalized intervention strategies aimed at delaying the onset of neurodegenerative disorders and promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Stavgiannoudaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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6
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Técher H. T-Rex escaped from the cytosolic park: Re-thinking the impact of TREX1 exonuclease deficiencies on genomic stability. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400066. [PMID: 38837436 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The Three Prime Repair Exonuclease 1 (TREX1) has been implicated in several pathologies characterized by chronic and inborn inflammation. Aberrant innate immunity caused by DNA sensing through the cGAS-STING pathway has been proposed to play a major role in the etiology of these interferonopathies. However, the molecular source of this DNA sensing and the possible involvement of TREX1 in genome (in)stability remains poorly understood. Recent findings reignite the debate about the cellular functions performed by TREX1 nuclease, notably in chromosome biology and stability. Here I put into perspective recent findings that suggest that TREX1 is at the crossroads of DNA damage response and inflammation in different pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Técher
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice - IRCAN, Nice, France
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7
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Li Y, Cui J, Liu L, Hambright WS, Gan Y, Zhang Y, Ren S, Yue X, Shao L, Cui Y, Huard J, Mu Y, Yao Q, Mu X. mtDNA release promotes cGAS-STING activation and accelerated aging of postmitotic muscle cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:523. [PMID: 39039044 PMCID: PMC11263593 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism regulating cellular senescence of postmitotic muscle cells is still unknown. cGAS-STING innate immune signaling was found to mediate cellular senescence in various types of cells, including postmitotic neuron cells, which however has not been explored in postmitotic muscle cells. Here by studying the myofibers from Zmpste24-/- progeria aged mice [an established mice model for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS)], we observed senescence-associated phenotypes in Zmpste24-/- myofibers, which is coupled with increased oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. Also, Zmpste24-/- myofibers feature increased release of mtDNA from damaged mitochondria, mitophagy dysfunction, and activation of cGAS-STING. Meanwhile, increased mtDNA release in Zmpste24-/- myofibers appeared to be related with increased VDAC1 oligomerization. Further, the inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization in Zmpste24-/- myofibers with VBIT4 reduced mtDNA release, cGAS-STING activation, and the expression of SASP factors. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of innate immune activation-associated cellular senescence in postmitotic muscle cells in aged muscle, which may help identify novel sets of diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for progeria aging and aging-associated muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - William S Hambright
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Yutai Gan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shifeng Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianlin Yue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Yanling Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaodong Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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8
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Aliazis K, Yenyuwadee S, Phikulsod P, Boussiotis VA. Emergency myelopoiesis in solid cancers. Br J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 39044285 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems are the progeny of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). During steady-state myelopoiesis, HSPC undergo differentiation and proliferation but are called to respond directly and acutely to various signals that lead to emergency myelopoiesis, including bone marrow ablation, infections, and sterile inflammation. There is extensive evidence that many solid tumours have the potential to secrete classical myelopoiesis-promoting growth factors and other products able to mimic emergency haematopoiesis, and to aberrantly re-direct myeloid cell development into immunosuppressive cells with tumour promoting properties. Here, we summarize the current literature regarding the effects of solid cancers on HSPCs function and discuss how these effects might shape antitumour responses via a mechanism initiated at a site distal from the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Aliazis
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sasitorn Yenyuwadee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ployploen Phikulsod
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Zhang D, Li Y, Pan J, Zheng Y, Xu X. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in radiation-induced injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117150. [PMID: 39047417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy for cancer treatment brings about a series of radiation injuries to normal tissues. In recent years, the discovery of copper-regulated cell death, cuproptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, has attracted widespread attention and exploration in various biological functions and pathological mechanisms of copper metabolism and cuproptosis. Understanding its role in the process of radiation injury may open up new avenues and directions for exploration in radiation biology and radiation oncology, thereby improving tumor response and mitigating adverse reactions to radiotherapy. This review provides an overview of copper metabolism, the characteristics of cuproptosis, and their potential regulatory mechanisms in radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jinghui Pan
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yongfa Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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10
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Sun R, Wang F, Zhong C, Shi H, Peng X, Gao JW, Wu XT. The regulatory mechanism of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase on inflammatory senescence of nucleus pulposus cell. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:421. [PMID: 39034400 PMCID: PMC11265083 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence features irreversible growth arrest and secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects DNA damage and activates the DNA-sensing pathway, resulting in the upregulation of inflammatory genes and induction of cellular senescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cGAS in regulating senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells under inflammatory microenvironment. METHODS The expression of cGAS was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in rat intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration model induced by annulus stabbing. NP cells were harvested from rat lumbar IVD and cultured with 10ng/ml IL-1β for 48 h to induce premature senescence. cGAS was silenced by cGAS specific siRNA in NP cells and cultured with IL-1β. Cellular senescence was evaluated by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and flow cytometry. The expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a was evaluated by ELISA and western blotting. RESULTS cGAS was detected in rat NP cells in cytoplasm and the expression was significantly increased in degenerated IVD. Culturing in 10ng/ml IL-1β for 48 h induced cellular senescence in NP cells with attenuation of G1-S phase transition. In senescent NP cells the expression of cGAS, p53, p16, NF-kB, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α was significantly increased while aggrecan and collagen type II was reduced than in normal NP cells. In NP cells with silenced cGAS, the expression of p53, p16, NF-kB, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α was reduced in inflammatory culturing with IL-1β. CONCLUSION cGAS was increased by NP cells in degenerated IVD promoting cellular senescence and senescent inflammatory phenotypes. Targeting cGAS may alleviate IVD degeneration by reducing NP cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Cong Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Jia-Wei Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, NO. 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China.
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11
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Ni H, Hu X, Yang N, Liu X, Cai W, Zhong R, Wang T, Yu M, Tang S. Roundup ® induces premature senescence of mouse granulosa cells via mitochondrial ROS-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:377-387. [PMID: 38911547 PMCID: PMC11187041 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-024-00229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide widely used in agriculture, has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on human health due to the detection of its residues in human urine and serum. Granulosa cells are essential for oocyte growth and follicle development. Previous research has shown that Roundup could affect steroid synthesis, increases oxidative stress, and induces apoptosis in granulosa cells. However, little is known about the effects of Roundup on NLRP3 (nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin-containing domain protein 3) inflammasome activation and cellular senescence in granulosa cells. Here, we provided evidence that exposure to Roundup induced premature senescence in mouse granulosa cells through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome triggered by mitochondrial ROS. Our findings demonstrated that Roundup significantly reduced the viability of granulosa cells under in vitro culture conditions. It also disrupted mitochondrial function and induced oxidative stress in these cells. Subsequent investigations showed that NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in treated granulosa cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of inflammasome-related genes and the processing of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-1α into their mature forms. Consequently, premature cellular senescence occurred in response to the challenge posed by Roundup. Notably, direct inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 does not alleviate mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress. However, supplementation of resveratrol, which has been known to attenuate mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, effectively mitigated the inflammatory response and the expression of senescence-related markers, and prevented the senescence in granulosa cells. These results suggested that mitochondrial function and oxidative homeostasis might play pivotal roles as upstream regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome. In summary, our findings indicated that the premature senescence of granulosa cells caused by mitochondrial ROS-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation might contribute to the ovarian toxicity of Roundup, in addition to its known effects on steroidogenesis and apoptosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-024-00229-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heliang Ni
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Nannan Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Wenyang Cai
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Mingxi Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
| | - Shuang Tang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866 Liaoning China
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12
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Imawari Y, Nakanishi M. Senescence and senolysis in cancer: The latest findings. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:2107-2116. [PMID: 38641866 PMCID: PMC11247613 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a life phenomenon that occurs in most living organisms and is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cancer. Cellular senescence is a cellular trait induced by various genomic and epigenetic stresses. Senescent cells are characterized by irreversible cell growth arrest and excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines (senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, SASP). Chronic tissue microinflammation induced by SASP contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related diseases, including cancer. Senolysis is a promising new strategy to selectively eliminate senescent cells in order to suppress chronic inflammation, suggesting its potential use as an anticancer therapy. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular basis of senescence in cancer cells and senolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Imawari
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
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13
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Tanaka M, Yasuda H, Nakamura S, Shimazawa M. H-151, a Selective STING Inhibitor, Has Potential as a Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:16. [PMID: 38980271 PMCID: PMC11235146 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.8.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon gene (STING) pathway is a crucial cascade in the inflammatory response initiated by the recognition of cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of STING inhibitor in murine choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods To investigate whether the cGAS-STING pathway is activated during CNV, CNV was induced using laser photocoagulation in male C57BL/6J mice. The expression of change of cGAS and STING during CNV development was confirmed by Western-blotting. H-151, a potent STING palmitoylation antagonist, was used as a STING inhibitor. H-151 was administered intravitreally immediately after laser induction. To confirm the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in CNV formation, we evaluated CNV size and performed fundus fluorescein angiography. Results The expression levels of cGAS and STING were significantly upregulated in the RPE-choroid complex after CNV induction, and dsDNA merged with cGAS was observed in CNV lesions. Intravitreal administration of H-151 suppressed CNV development and fluorescent leakage from neovessels. In CNV lesions, the high expression of STING and cGAS was observed in infiltrating F4/80+ macrophages. H-151 administration attenuated downstream signals of the cGAS-STING pathway, including the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB, and downregulated the expression of interleukin 1β. Conclusions These findings support that the inhibition of cGAS-STING pathway treats abnormal ocular angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruto Tanaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroto Yasuda
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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14
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Técher H, Gopaul D, Heuzé J, Bouzalmad N, Leray B, Vernet A, Mettling C, Moreaux J, Pasero P, Lin YL. MRE11 and TREX1 control senescence by coordinating replication stress and interferon signaling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5423. [PMID: 38926338 PMCID: PMC11208572 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) arrests cell proliferation in response to replication stress (RS) induced by oncogenes. OIS depends on the DNA damage response (DDR), but also on the cGAS-STING pathway, which detects cytosolic DNA and induces type I interferons (IFNs). Whether and how RS and IFN responses cooperate to promote OIS remains unknown. Here, we show that the induction of OIS by the H-RASV12 oncogene in immortalized human fibroblasts depends on the MRE11 nuclease. Indeed, treatment with the MRE11 inhibitor Mirin prevented RS, micronuclei formation and IFN response induced by RASV12. Overexpression of the cytosolic nuclease TREX1 also prevented OIS. Conversely, overexpression of a dominant negative mutant of TREX1 or treatment with IFN-β was sufficient to induce RS and DNA damage, independent of RASV12 induction. These data suggest that the IFN response acts as a positive feedback loop to amplify DDR in OIS through a process regulated by MRE11 and TREX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Técher
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7284 - INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | - Diyavarshini Gopaul
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2200 N, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Heuzé
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Nail Bouzalmad
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Leray
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Vernet
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Clément Mettling
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, UFR Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.
| | - Yea-Lih Lin
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.
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15
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Dasgupta N, Lei X, Shi CH, Arnold R, Teneche MG, Miller KN, Rajesh A, Davis A, Anschau V, Campos AR, Gilson R, Havas A, Yin S, Chua ZM, Liu T, Proulx J, Alcaraz M, Rather MI, Baeza J, Schultz DC, Yip KY, Berger SL, Adams PD. Histone chaperone HIRA, Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) protein and p62/SQSTM1 coordinate to regulate inflammation during cell senescence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.24.546372. [PMID: 38979156 PMCID: PMC11230268 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.24.546372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a stress-induced stable proliferation arrest associated with an inflammatory Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), is a cause of aging. In senescent cells, Cytoplasmic Chromatin Fragments (CCFs) activate SASP via the anti-viral cGAS/STING pathway. PML protein organizes PML nuclear bodies (NBs), also involved in senescence and anti-viral immunity. The HIRA histone H3.3 chaperone localizes to PML NBs in senescent cells. Here, we show that HIRA and PML are essential for SASP expression, tightly linked to HIRA's localization to PML NBs. Inactivation of HIRA does not directly block expression of NF-κB target genes. Instead, an H3.3-independent HIRA function activates SASP through a CCF-cGAS-STING-TBK1-NF-κB pathway. HIRA physically interacts with p62/SQSTM1, an autophagy regulator and negative SASP regulator. HIRA and p62 co-localize in PML NBs, linked to their antagonistic regulation of SASP, with PML NBs controlling their spatial configuration. These results outline a role for HIRA and PML in regulation of SASP.
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16
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En A, Bogireddi H, Thomas B, Stutzman AV, Ikegami S, LaForest B, Almakki O, Pytel P, Moskowitz IP, Ikegami K. Pervasive nuclear envelope ruptures precede ECM signaling and disease onset without activating cGAS-STING in Lamin-cardiomyopathy mice. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114284. [PMID: 38814785 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear envelope (NE) ruptures are emerging observations in Lamin-related dilated cardiomyopathy, an adult-onset disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in Lamin A/C, a nuclear lamina component. Here, we test a prevailing hypothesis that NE ruptures trigger the pathological cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway using a mouse model of Lamin cardiomyopathy. The reduction of Lamin A/C in cardio-myocyte of adult mice causes pervasive NE ruptures in cardiomyocytes, preceding inflammatory transcription, fibrosis, and fatal dilated cardiomyopathy. NE ruptures are followed by DNA damage accumulation without causing immediate cardiomyocyte death. However, cGAS-STING-dependent inflammatory signaling remains inactive. Deleting cGas or Sting does not rescue cardiomyopathy in the mouse model. The lack of cGAS-STING activation is likely due to the near absence of cGAS expression in adult cardiomyocytes at baseline. Instead, extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling is activated and predicted to initiate pro-inflammatory communication from Lamin-reduced cardiomyocytes to fibroblasts. Our work nominates ECM signaling, not cGAS-STING, as a potential inflammatory contributor in Lamin cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki En
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Hanumakumar Bogireddi
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Briana Thomas
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Alexis V Stutzman
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sachie Ikegami
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Brigitte LaForest
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Omar Almakki
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Peter Pytel
- Department of Pathology, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Pathology, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Human Genetics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kohta Ikegami
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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17
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Yamada H, Takada M, Ghone D, Yu M, Nagashima T, Fujimoto H, Sakakibara J, Hasegawa Y, Takao S, Yamada A, Narui K, Ishikawa T, Suzuki A, Otsuka M. Eribulin induces micronuclei and enhances the nuclear localization of cGAS in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14146. [PMID: 38898119 PMCID: PMC11187130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Eribulin (ERI), clinically utilized for locally advanced or metastatic breast tumors, has shown potential links to the immune system. Notably, the cGAS-STING pathway, a key component of innate immunity, has gained prominence. Yet, limited reports explore ERI's effects on the cGAS-STING pathway. Additionally, the nuclear presence of cGAS remains poorly understood. This study uniquely delves into ERI's impact on both the cytosolic cGAS-STING pathway and nuclear cGAS. ERI enhances nuclear localization of cGAS, resulting in hyper-activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Reduction of cGAS heightened both cell proliferation and ERI sensitivity. In clinical data using ERI in a neo-adjuvant setting, patients with low cGAS cases exhibited reduced likelihood of achieving pathological complete response after ERI treatment. These findings illuminate the potential of cGAS and IFNβ as predictive biomarkers for ERI sensitivity, providing valuable insights for personalized breast cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Yamada
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mamoru Takada
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Dhaval Ghone
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Muhan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujimoto
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junta Sakakibara
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hasegawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Konan Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Narui
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aussie Suzuki
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Masayuki Otsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Roy ER, Li S, Saroukhani S, Wang Y, Cao W. Fate-mapping and functional dissection reveal perilous influence of type I interferon signaling in mouse brain aging. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:48. [PMID: 38886816 PMCID: PMC11184889 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging significantly elevates the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a universal hallmark of neurodegeneration as well as normal brain aging. Which branches of age-related neuroinflammation, and how they precondition the brain toward pathological progression, remain ill-understood. The presence of elevated type I interferon (IFN-I) has been documented in the aged brain, but its role in promoting degenerative processes, such as the loss of neurons in vulnerable regions, has not been studied in depth. METHODS To comprehend the scope of IFN-I activity in the aging brain, we surveyed IFN-I-responsive reporter mice at multiple ages. We also examined 5- and 24-month-old mice harboring selective ablation of Ifnar1 in microglia to observe the effects of manipulating this pathway during the aging process using bulk RNA sequencing and histological parameters. RESULTS We detected age-dependent IFN-I signal escalation in multiple brain cell types from various regions, especially in microglia. Selective ablation of Ifnar1 from microglia in aged mice significantly reduced overall brain IFN-I signature, dampened microglial reactivity, lessened neuronal loss, restored expression of key neuronal genes and pathways, and diminished the accumulation of lipofuscin, a core hallmark of cellular aging in the brain. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study demonstrates pervasive IFN-I activity during normal mouse brain aging and reveals a pathogenic, pro-degenerative role played by microglial IFN-I signaling in perpetuating neuroinflammation, neuronal dysfunction, and molecular aggregation. These findings extend the understanding of a principal axis of age-related inflammation in the brain, one likely shared with multiple neurological disorders, and provide a rationale to modulate aberrant immune activation to mitigate neurodegenerative process at all stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan R Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Sanming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sepideh Saroukhani
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research Design, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Chen J, Zhao B, Dong H, Li T, Cheng X, Gong W, Wang J, Zhang J, Xin G, Yu Y, Lei YL, Black JD, Li Z, Wen H. Inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase activates type I interferon-dependent antitumor immunity by bridging cGAS-STING pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.14.571787. [PMID: 38168435 PMCID: PMC10760207 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.14.571787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is an essential enzyme that mediates protein O-GlcNAcylation, a unique form of posttranslational modification of many nuclear and cytosolic proteins. Recent studies observed increased OGT and O-GlcNAcylation levels in a broad range of human cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, indicating a universal effect of OGT in promoting tumorigenesis. Here, we show that OGT is essential for tumor growth in immunocompetent hosts by repressing the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-dependent DNA sensing pathway. We found that deletion of OGT (Ogt -/- ) caused a marked reduction in tumor growth in both syngeneic tumor models and a genetic colorectal cancer (CRC) model induced by mutation of the Apc gene (Apc min ). Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of OGT induced a robust genomic instability (GIN), leading to cGAS-dependent production of the type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). As a result, deletion of Cgas or Sting from Ogt -/- cancer cells restored tumor growth, and this correlated with impaired CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, we found that OGT-dependent cleavage of host cell factor C1 (HCF-1) is required for the avoidance of GIN and IFN-I production in tumors. In summary, our results identify OGT-mediated genomic stability and activate cGAS-STING pathway as an important tumor cell-intrinsic mechanism to repress antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Chen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hong Dong
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tianliang Li
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wang Gong
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yanbao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yu L. Lei
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jennifer D. Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haitao Wen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Lead Contact
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20
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Gu L, Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Wang Y, Xu ZX. Telomere-related DNA damage response pathways in cancer therapy: prospective targets. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1379166. [PMID: 38910895 PMCID: PMC11190371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1379166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the structural integrity of genomic chromosomal DNA is an essential role of cellular life and requires two important biological mechanisms: the DNA damage response (DDR) mechanism and telomere protection mechanism at chromosome ends. Because abnormalities in telomeres and cellular DDR regulation are strongly associated with human aging and cancer, there is a reciprocal regulation of telomeres and cellular DDR. Moreover, several drug treatments for DDR are currently available. This paper reviews the progress in research on the interaction between telomeres and cellular DNA damage repair pathways. The research on the crosstalk between telomere damage and DDR is important for improving the efficacy of tumor treatment. However, further studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingdi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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21
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Salminen A. The role of the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway in the aging process and age-related diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:733-750. [PMID: 38600305 PMCID: PMC11106179 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells within tissues is a hallmark of the aging process. Senescent cells are also commonly present in many age-related diseases and in the cancer microenvironment. The escape of abnormal cells from immune surveillance indicates that there is some defect in the function of cytotoxic immune cells, e.g., CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Recent studies have revealed that the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein is abundantly increased in senescent cells. An increase in the amount of PD-L1 protein protects senescent cells from clearance by the PD-1 checkpoint receptor in cytotoxic immune cells. In fact, the activation of the PD-1 receptor suppresses the cytotoxic properties of CD8+ T and NK cells, promoting a state of immunosenescence. The inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway acts in cooperation with immunosuppressive cells; for example, activation of PD-1 receptor can enhance the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and M2 macrophages, whereas the cytokines secreted by immunosuppressive cells stimulate the expression of the immunosuppressive PD-L1 protein. Interestingly, many signaling pathways known to promote cellular senescence and the aging process are crucial stimulators of the expression of PD-L1 protein, e.g., epigenetic regulation, inflammatory mediators, mTOR-related signaling, cGAS-STING pathway, and AhR signaling. It seems that the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis has a crucial role in the accumulation of senescent cells and thus it promotes the aging process in tissues. Thus, the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling might be a potential anti-aging senolytic therapy. KEY MESSAGES: Senescent cells accumulate within tissues during aging and age-related diseases. Senescent cells are able to escape immune surveillance by cytotoxic immune cells. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) markedly increases in senescent cells. Age-related signaling stimulates the expression of PD-L1 protein in senescent cells. Inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway suppresses clearance of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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22
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Zhong S, Zhou Q, Yang J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu J, Chang X, Wang H. Relationship between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways-role in neurotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116698. [PMID: 38713946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity can cause a range of symptoms and disorders in humans, including neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, nerve conduction abnormalities, neuroinflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cognitive deficits. The cyclic guanosine-adenosine synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and NF-κB pathway are two important signaling pathways involved in the innate immune response. The cGAS-STING pathway is activated by the recognition of intracellular DNA, which triggers the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor, IL-1β, and IL-6. These cytokines play a role in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. The NF-κB pathway is activated by various stimuli, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, viral particle components, and neurotoxins. NF-κB activation may lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which promote neuroinflammation and cause neuronal damage. A potential interaction exists between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways, and NF-κB activation blocks STING degradation by inhibiting microtubule-mediated STING transport. This review examines the progress of research on the roles of these pathways in neurotoxicity and their interrelationships. Understanding the mechanisms of these pathways will provide valuable therapeutic insights for preventing and controlling neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qiongli Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jirui Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China.
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23
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Ednacot EMQ, Nabhani A, Dinh DM, Morehouse BR. Pharmacological potential of cyclic nucleotide signaling in immunity. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 258:108653. [PMID: 38679204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotides are important signaling molecules that play many critical physiological roles including controlling cell fate and development, regulation of metabolic processes, and responding to changes in the environment. Cyclic nucleotides are also pivotal regulators in immune signaling, orchestrating intricate processes that maintain homeostasis and defend against pathogenic threats. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacological potential of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways within the realm of immunity. Beginning with an overview of the fundamental roles of cAMP and cGMP as ubiquitous second messengers, this review delves into the complexities of their involvement in immune responses. Special attention is given to the challenges associated with modulating these signaling pathways for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing the necessity for achieving cell-type specificity to avert unintended consequences. A major focus of the review is on the recent paradigm-shifting discoveries regarding specialized cyclic nucleotide signals in the innate immune system, notably the cGAS-STING pathway. The significance of cyclic dinucleotides, exemplified by 2'3'-cGAMP, in controlling immune responses against pathogens and cancer, is explored. The evolutionarily conserved nature of cyclic dinucleotides as antiviral agents, spanning across diverse organisms, underscores their potential as targets for innovative immunotherapies. Findings from the last several years have revealed a striking diversity of novel bacterial cyclic nucleotide second messengers which are involved in antiviral responses. Knowledge of the existence and precise identity of these molecules coupled with accurate descriptions of their associated immune defense pathways will be essential to the future development of novel antibacterial therapeutic strategies. The insights presented herein may help researchers navigate the evolving landscape of immunopharmacology as it pertains to cyclic nucleotides and point toward new avenues or lines of thinking about development of therapeutics against the pathways they regulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirene Marie Q Ednacot
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ali Nabhani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David M Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Benjamin R Morehouse
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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24
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Zhang H, Jiang L, Du X, Qian Z, Wu G, Jiang Y, Mao Z. The cGAS-Ku80 complex regulates the balance between two end joining subpathways. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:792-803. [PMID: 38664591 PMCID: PMC11164703 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As the major DNA sensor that activates the STING-TBK1 signaling cascade, cGAS is mainly present in the cytosol. A number of recent reports have indicated that cGAS also plays critical roles in the nucleus. Our previous work demonstrated for the first time that cGAS is translocated to the nucleus upon the occurrence of DNA damage and inhibits homologous recombination (HR), one of the two major pathways of DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. However, whether nuclear cGAS regulates the other DSB repair pathway, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), which can be further divided into the less error-prone canonical NHEJ (c-NHEJ) and more mutagenic alternative NHEJ (alt-NHEJ) subpathways, has not been characterized. Here, we demonstrated that cGAS tipped the balance of the two NHEJ subpathways toward c-NHEJ. Mechanistically, the cGAS-Ku80 complex enhanced the interaction between DNA-PKcs and the deubiquitinase USP7 to improve DNA-PKcs protein stability, thereby promoting c-NHEJ. In contrast, the cGAS-Ku80 complex suppressed alt-NHEJ by directly binding to the promoter of Polθ to suppress its transcription. Together, these findings reveal a novel function of nuclear cGAS in regulating DSB repair, suggesting that the presence of cGAS in the nucleus is also important in the maintenance of genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Du
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhu Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Roy ER, Li S, Wang Y, Cao W. Fate-mapping and functional dissection reveal perilous influence of type I interferon signaling in mouse brain aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.20.595027. [PMID: 38826478 PMCID: PMC11142053 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.595027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Although aging significantly elevates the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases, how age-related neuroinflammation preconditions the brain toward pathological progression is ill-understood. To comprehend the scope of type I interferon (IFN-I) activity in the aging brain, we surveyed IFN-I-responsive reporter mice and detected age-dependent signal escalation in multiple brain cell types from various regions. Selective ablation of Ifnar1 from microglia in aged mice significantly reduced overall brain IFN-I signature, dampened microglial reactivity, lessened neuronal loss, and diminished the accumulation of lipofuscin, a core hallmark of cellular aging in the brain. Overall, our study demonstrates pervasive IFN-I activity during normal mouse brain aging and reveals a pathogenic role played by microglial IFN-I signaling in perpetuating neuroinflammation, neuronal dysfunction, and molecular aggregation. These findings extend the understanding of a principal axis of age-related inflammation in the brain, and provide a rationale to modulate aberrant immune activation to mitigate neurodegenerative process at all stages.
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26
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Cao W. In sickness and in health-Type I interferon and the brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1403142. [PMID: 38774266 PMCID: PMC11106474 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1403142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) represent a group of pleiotropic cytokines renowned for their antiviral activity and immune regulatory functions. A multitude of studies have unveiled a critical role of IFN-I in the brain, influencing various neurological processes and diseases. In this mini-review, I highlight recent findings on IFN-I's effects on brain aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, and central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. The multifaceted influence of IFN-I on brain health and disease sheds light on the complex interplay between immune responses and neurological processes. Of particular interest is the cGAS-STING-IFN-I axis, which extensively participates in brain aging and various forms of neurodegeneration. Understanding the intricate role of IFN-I and its associated pathways in the CNS not only advances our comprehension of brain health and disease but also presents opportunities for developing interventions to modify the process of neurodegeneration and prevent age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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27
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Yan Z, Zhu J, Liu Y, Li Z, Liang X, Zhou S, Hou Y, Chen H, Zhou L, Wang P, Ao X, Gao S, Huang X, Zhou P, Gu Y. DNA-PKcs/AKT1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition during radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inducing ubiquitination and degradation of Twist1. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1690. [PMID: 38760896 PMCID: PMC11101672 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic, progressive, irreversible lung interstitial disease that develops after radiotherapy. Although several previous studies have focused on the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung epithelial cells, the essential factors involved in this process remain poorly understood. The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) exhibits strong repair capacity when cells undergo radiation-induced damage; whether DNA-PKcs regulates EMT during RIPF remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and provide an important theoretical basis for utilising DNA-PKcs-targeted drugs for preventing RIPF. METHODS DNA-PKcs knockout (DPK-/-) mice were generated via the Cas9/sgRNA technique and subjected to whole chest ionizing radiation (IR) at a 20 Gy dose. Before whole chest IR, the mice were intragastrically administered the DNA-PKcs-targeted drug VND3207. Lung tissues were collected at 1 and 5 months after IR. RESULTS The expression of DNA-PKcs is low in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients. DNA-PKcs deficiency significantly exacerbated RIPF by promoting EMT in lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, DNA-PKcs deletion by shRNA or inhibitor NU7441 maintained the protein stability of Twist1. Furthermore, AKT1 mediated the interaction between DNA-PKcs and Twist1. High Twist1 expression and EMT-associated changes caused by DNA-PKcs deletion were blocked by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an AKT1 agonist. The radioprotective drug VND3207 prevented IR-induced EMT and alleviated RIPF in mice by stimulating the kinase activity of DNA-PKcs. CONCLUSION Our study clarified the critical role and mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and showed that it could be a potential target for preventing RIPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Yifan Hou
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Huixi Chen
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xingkun Ao
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
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28
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Ma XY, Chen MM, Meng LH. Second messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP): the cell autonomous and non-autonomous roles in cancer progression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:890-899. [PMID: 38177693 PMCID: PMC11053103 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is frequently accumulated in cancer cells due to chromosomal instability or exogenous stimulation. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor, which is activated upon binding to dsDNA to synthesize the crucial second messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP) that in turn triggers stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling. The canonical role of cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway is essential for innate immunity and viral defense. Recent emerging evidence indicates that 2'3'-cGAMP plays an important role in cancer progression via cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. Beyond its role as an intracellular messenger to activate STING signaling in tumor cells, 2'3'-cGAMP also serves as an immunotransmitter produced by cancer cells to modulate the functions of non-tumor cells especially immune cells in the tumor microenvironment by activating STING signaling. In this review, we summarize the synthesis, transmission, and degradation of 2'3'-cGAMP as well as the dual functions of 2'3'-cGAMP in a STING-dependent manner. Additionally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that harness the cGAMP-mediated antitumor response for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Ma
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Man-Man Chen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ling-Hua Meng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Mathavarajah S, Thompson AW, Stoyek MR, Quinn TA, Roy S, Braasch I, Dellaire G. Suppressors of cGAS-STING are downregulated during fin-limb regeneration and aging in aquatic vertebrates. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2024; 342:241-251. [PMID: 37877156 PMCID: PMC11043210 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
During the early stages of limb and fin regeneration in aquatic vertebrates (i.e., fishes and amphibians), blastema undergo transcriptional rewiring of innate immune signaling pathways to promote immune cell recruitment. In mammals, a fundamental component of innate immune signaling is the cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, cGAS-STING. However, to what extent the cGAS-STING pathway influences regeneration in aquatic anamniotes is unknown. In jawed vertebrates, negative regulation of cGAS-STING activity is accomplished by suppressors of cytosolic DNA such as Trex1, Pml, and PML-like exon 9 (Plex9) exonucleases. Here, we examine the expression of these suppressors of cGAS-STING, as well as inflammatory genes and cGAS activity during caudal fin and limb regeneration using the spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) and axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) model species, and during age-related senescence in zebrafish (Danio rerio). In the regenerative blastema of wounded gar and axolotl, we observe increased inflammatory gene expression, including interferon genes and interleukins 6 and 8. We also observed a decrease in axolotl Trex1 and gar pml expression during the early phases of wound healing which correlates with a dramatic increase in cGAS activity. In contrast, the plex9.1 gene does not change in expression during wound healing in gar. However, we observed decreased expression of plex9.1 in the senescing cardiac tissue of aged zebrafish, where 2'3'-cGAMP levels are elevated. Finally, we demonstrate a similar pattern of Trex1, pml, and plex9.1 gene regulation across species in response to exogenous 2'3'-cGAMP. Thus, during the early stages of limb-fin regeneration, Pml, Trex1, and Plex9.1 exonucleases are downregulated, presumably to allow an evolutionarily ancient cGAS-STING activity to promote inflammation and the recruitment of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew W. Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Matthew R. Stoyek
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - T. Alexander Quinn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Stéphane Roy
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ingo Braasch
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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30
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Wang B, Han J, Elisseeff JH, Demaria M. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its physiological and pathological implications. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00727-x. [PMID: 38654098 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of terminal growth arrest associated with the upregulation of different cell cycle inhibitors, mainly p16 and p21, structural and metabolic alterations, chronic DNA damage responses, and a hypersecretory state known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP is the major mediator of the paracrine effects of senescent cells in their tissue microenvironment and of various local and systemic biological functions. In this Review, we discuss the composition, dynamics and heterogeneity of the SASP as well as the mechanisms underlying its induction and regulation. We describe the various biological properties of the SASP, its beneficial and detrimental effects in different physiological and pathological settings, and its impact on overall health span. Finally, we discuss the use of the SASP as a biomarker and of SASP inhibitors as senomorphic interventions to treat cancer and other age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Wang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jin Han
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, MD, USA
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, Netherlands.
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Ramini D, Giuliani A, Kwiatkowska KM, Guescini M, Storci G, Mensà E, Recchioni R, Xumerle L, Zago E, Sabbatinelli J, Santi S, Garagnani P, Bonafè M, Olivieri F. Replicative senescence and high glucose induce the accrual of self-derived cytosolic nucleic acids in human endothelial cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:184. [PMID: 38643201 PMCID: PMC11032409 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01954-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent literature shows that loss of replicative ability and acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype in senescent cells is coupled with the build-in of nucleic acids in the cytoplasm. Its implication in human age-related diseases is under scrutiny. In human endothelial cells (ECs), we assessed the accumulation of intracellular nucleic acids during in vitro replicative senescence and after exposure to high glucose concentrations, which mimic an in vivo condition of hyperglycemia. We showed that exposure to high glucose induces senescent-like features in ECs, including telomere shortening and proinflammatory cytokine release, coupled with the accrual in the cytoplasm of telomeres, double-stranded DNA and RNA (dsDNA, dsRNA), as well as RNA:DNA hybrid molecules. Senescent ECs showed an activation of the dsRNA sensors RIG-I and MDA5 and of the DNA sensor TLR9, which was not paralleled by the involvement of the canonical (cGAS) and non-canonical (IFI16) activation of the STING pathway. Under high glucose conditions, only a sustained activation of TLR9 was observed. Notably, senescent cells exhibit increased proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) production without a detectable secretion of type I interferon (IFN), a phenomenon that can be explained, at least in part, by the accumulation of methyl-adenosine containing RNAs. At variance, exposure to exogenous nucleic acids enhances both IL-6 and IFN-β1 expression in senescent cells. This study highlights the accrual of cytoplasmic nucleic acids as a marker of senescence-related endothelial dysfunction, that may play a role in dysmetabolic age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Ramini
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Gianluca Storci
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rina Recchioni
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" - Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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En A, Bogireddi H, Thomas B, Stutzman A, Ikegami S, LaForest B, Almakki O, Pytel P, Moskowitz IP, Ikegami K. Pervasive nuclear envelope ruptures precede ECM signaling and disease onset without activating cGAS-STING in Lamin-cardiomyopathy mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.28.555134. [PMID: 37693381 PMCID: PMC10491116 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.28.555134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear envelope (NE) ruptures are emerging observations in Lamin-related dilated cardiomyopathy, an adult-onset disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in Lamin A/C, a nuclear lamina component. Here, we tested a prevailing hypothesis that NE ruptures trigger pathological cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, using a mouse model of Lamin-cardiomyopathy. Reduction of Lamin A/C in cardiomyocytes of adult mice caused pervasive NE ruptures in cardiomyocytes, preceding inflammatory transcription, fibrosis, and fatal dilated cardiomyopathy. NE ruptures were followed by DNA damage accumulation without causing immediate cardiomyocyte death. However, cGAS-STING-dependent inflammatory signaling remained inactive. Deleting cGas or Sting did not rescue cardiomyopathy. The lack of cGAS-STING activation was likely due to the near absence of cGAS expression in adult cardiomyocytes at baseline. Instead, extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling was activated and predicted to initiate pro-inflammatory communication from Lamin-reduced cardiomyocytes to fibroblasts. Our work nominates ECM signaling, not cGAS-STING, as a potential inflammatory contributor in Lamin-cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki En
- Division of Molecular Cardvascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hanumakumar Bogireddi
- Division of Molecular Cardvascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Briana Thomas
- Division of Molecular Cardvascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexis Stutzman
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sachie Ikegami
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brigitte LaForest
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Omar Almakki
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Pytel
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kohta Ikegami
- Division of Molecular Cardvascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Yue W, Li X, Zhan X, Wang L, Ma J, Bi M, Wang Q, Gu X, Xie B, Liu T, Guo H, Zhu X, Song C, Qiao J, Li M. PARP inhibitors suppress tumours via centrosome error-induced senescence independent of DNA damage response. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105129. [PMID: 38640836 PMCID: PMC11052917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as promising chemotherapeutic drugs primarily against BRCA1/2-associated tumours, known as synthetic lethality. However, recent clinical trials reported patients' survival benefits from PARP inhibitor treatments, irrelevant to homologous recombination deficiency. Therefore, revealing the therapeutic mechanism of PARP inhibitors beyond DNA damage repair is urgently needed, which can facilitate precision medicine. METHODS A CRISPR-based knock-in technology was used to establish stable BRCA1 mutant cancer cells. The effects of PARP inhibitors on BRCA1 mutant cancer cells were evaluated by biochemical and cell biological experiments. Finally, we validated its in vivo effects in xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumour mice. FINDINGS In this study, we uncovered that the majority of clinical BRCA1 mutations in breast cancers were in and near the middle of the gene, rather than in essential regions for DNA damage repair. Representative mutations such as R1085I and E1222Q caused transient extra spindle poles during mitosis in cancer cells. PAR, which is synthesized by PARP2 but not PARP1 at mitotic centrosomes, clustered these transient extra poles, independent of DNA damage response. Common PARP inhibitors could effectively suppress PARP2-synthesized PAR and induce cell senescence by abrogating the correction of mitotic extra-pole error. INTERPRETATION Our findings uncover an alternative mechanism by which PARP inhibitors efficiently suppress tumours, thereby pointing to a potential new therapeutic strategy for centrosome error-related tumours. FUNDING Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (T2225006, 82272948, 82103106), Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Key program Z220011), and the National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Program, P. R. China (2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Centre for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jihong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meiyu Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bingteng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biological Diagnosis and Treatment (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Song
- Centre for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Elshazly AM, Shahin U, Al Shboul S, Gewirtz DA, Saleh T. A Conversation with ChatGPT on Contentious Issues in Senescence and Cancer Research. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 105:313-327. [PMID: 38458774 PMCID: PMC11026153 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.124.000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) platforms, such as Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT), have achieved a high degree of popularity within the scientific community due to their utility in providing evidence-based reviews of the literature. However, the accuracy and reliability of the information output and the ability to provide critical analysis of the literature, especially with respect to highly controversial issues, has generally not been evaluated. In this work, we arranged a question/answer session with ChatGPT regarding several unresolved questions in the field of cancer research relating to therapy-induced senescence (TIS), including the topics of senescence reversibility, its connection to tumor dormancy, and the pharmacology of the newly emerging drug class of senolytics. ChatGPT generally provided responses consistent with the available literature, although occasionally overlooking essential components of the current understanding of the role of TIS in cancer biology and treatment. Although ChatGPT, and similar AI platforms, have utility in providing an accurate evidence-based review of the literature, their outputs should still be considered carefully, especially with respect to unresolved issues in tumor biology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Artificial Intelligence platforms have provided great utility for researchers to investigate biomedical literature in a prompt manner. However, several issues arise when it comes to certain unresolved biological questions, especially in the cancer field. This work provided a discussion with ChatGPT regarding some of the yet-to-be-fully-elucidated conundrums of the role of therapy-induced senescence in cancer treatment and highlights the strengths and weaknesses in utilizing such platforms for analyzing the scientific literature on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (A.M.E., D.A.G.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt (A.M.E.); and Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan (U.S., S.A.S., T.S.)
| | - Uruk Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (A.M.E., D.A.G.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt (A.M.E.); and Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan (U.S., S.A.S., T.S.)
| | - Sofian Al Shboul
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (A.M.E., D.A.G.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt (A.M.E.); and Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan (U.S., S.A.S., T.S.)
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (A.M.E., D.A.G.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt (A.M.E.); and Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan (U.S., S.A.S., T.S.)
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (A.M.E., D.A.G.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt (A.M.E.); and Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan (U.S., S.A.S., T.S.)
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35
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Colangelo NW, Gerber NK, Vatner RE, Cooper BT. Harnessing the cGAS-STING pathway to potentiate radiation therapy: current approaches and future directions. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1383000. [PMID: 38659582 PMCID: PMC11039815 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1383000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we cover the current understanding of how radiation therapy, which uses ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells, mediates an anti-tumor immune response through the cGAS-STING pathway, and how STING agonists might potentiate this. We examine how cGAS-STING signaling mediates the release of inflammatory cytokines in response to nuclear and mitochondrial DNA entering the cytoplasm. The significance of this in the context of cancer is explored, such as in response to cell-damaging therapies and genomic instability. The contribution of the immune and non-immune cells in the tumor microenvironment is considered. This review also discusses the burgeoning understanding of STING signaling that is independent of inflammatory cytokine release and the various mechanisms by which cancer cells can evade STING signaling. We review the available data on how ionizing radiation stimulates cGAS-STING signaling as well as how STING agonists may potentiate the anti-tumor immune response induced by ionizing radiation. There is also discussion of how novel radiation modalities may affect cGAS-STING signaling. We conclude with a discussion of ongoing and planned clinical trials combining radiation therapy with STING agonists, and provide insights to consider when planning future clinical trials combining these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. Colangelo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Naamit K. Gerber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ralph E. Vatner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin T. Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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36
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Dvorkin S, Cambier S, Volkman HE, Stetson DB. New frontiers in the cGAS-STING intracellular DNA-sensing pathway. Immunity 2024; 57:718-730. [PMID: 38599167 PMCID: PMC11013568 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS-STING intracellular DNA-sensing pathway has emerged as a key element of innate antiviral immunity and a promising therapeutic target. The existence of an innate immune sensor that can be activated by any double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) of any origin raises fundamental questions about how cGAS is regulated and how it responds to "foreign" DNA while maintaining tolerance to ubiquitous self-DNA. In this review, we summarize recent evidence implicating important roles for cGAS in the detection of foreign and self-DNA. We describe two recent and surprising insights into cGAS-STING biology: that cGAS is tightly tethered to the nucleosome and that the cGAMP product of cGAS is an immunotransmitter acting at a distance to control innate immunity. We consider how these advances influence our understanding of the emerging roles of cGAS in the DNA damage response (DDR), senescence, aging, and cancer biology. Finally, we describe emerging approaches to harness cGAS-STING biology for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Dvorkin
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stephanie Cambier
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hannah E Volkman
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Daniel B Stetson
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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37
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Hopkins JW, Sulka KB, Sawden M, Carroll KA, Brown RD, Bunnell SC, Poltorak A, Tai A, Reed ER, Sharma S. STING promotes homeostatic maintenance of tissues and confers longevity with aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.04.588107. [PMID: 38645182 PMCID: PMC11030237 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.04.588107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Local immune processes within aging tissues are a significant driver of aging associated dysfunction, but tissue-autonomous pathways and cell types that modulate these responses remain poorly characterized. The cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, acting through cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING), is broadly expressed in tissues, and is poised to regulate local type I interferon (IFN-I)-dependent and independent inflammatory processes within tissues. Recent studies suggest that the cGAS/STING pathway may drive pathology in various in vitro and in vivo models of accelerated aging. To date, however, the role of the cGAS/STING pathway in physiological aging processes, in the absence of genetic drivers, has remained unexplored. This remains a relevant gap, as STING is ubiquitously expressed, implicated in multitudinous disorders, and loss of function polymorphisms of STING are highly prevalent in the human population (>50%). Here we reveal that, during physiological aging, STING-deficiency leads to a significant shortening of murine lifespan, increased pro-inflammatory serum cytokines and tissue infiltrates, as well as salient changes in histological composition and organization. We note that aging hearts, livers, and kidneys express distinct subsets of inflammatory, interferon-stimulated gene (ISG), and senescence genes, collectively comprising an immune fingerprint for each tissue. These distinctive patterns are largely imprinted by tissue-specific stromal and myeloid cells. Using cellular interaction network analyses, immunofluorescence, and histopathology data, we show that these immune fingerprints shape the tissue architecture and the landscape of cell-cell interactions in aging tissues. These age-associated immune fingerprints are grossly dysregulated with STING-deficiency, with key genes that define aging STING-sufficient tissues greatly diminished in the absence of STING. Changes in immune signatures are concomitant with a restructuring of the stromal and myeloid fractions, whereby cell:cell interactions are grossly altered and resulting in disorganization of tissue architecture in STING-deficient organs. This altered homeostasis in aging STING-deficient tissues is associated with a cross-tissue loss of homeostatic tissue-resident macrophage (TRM) populations in these tissues. Ex vivo analyses reveal that basal STING-signaling limits the susceptibility of TRMs to death-inducing stimuli and determines their in situ localization in tissue niches, thereby promoting tissue homeostasis. Collectively, these data upend the paradigm that cGAS/STING signaling is primarily pathological in aging and instead indicate that basal STING signaling sustains tissue function and supports organismal longevity. Critically, our study urges caution in the indiscriminate targeting of these pathways, which may result in unpredictable and pathological consequences for health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W. Hopkins
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Katherine B. Sulka
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Machlan Sawden
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Kimberly A. Carroll
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Ronald D. Brown
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 12853
| | | | | | - Albert Tai
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
- Data Intensive Studies Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155
| | - Eric R. Reed
- Data Intensive Studies Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
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Wenzl SJ, de Oliveira Mann CC. How enzyme-centered approaches are advancing research on cyclic oligo-nucleotides. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:839-863. [PMID: 38453162 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotides are the most diversified category of second messengers and are found in all organisms modulating diverse pathways. While cAMP and cGMP have been studied over 50 years, cyclic di-nucleotide signaling in eukaryotes emerged only recently with the anti-viral molecule 2´3´cGAMP. Recent breakthrough discoveries have revealed not only the astonishing chemical diversity of cyclic nucleotides but also surprisingly deep-rooted evolutionary origins of cyclic oligo-nucleotide signaling pathways and structural conservation of the proteins involved in their synthesis and signaling. Here we discuss how enzyme-centered approaches have paved the way for the identification of several cyclic nucleotide signals, focusing on the advantages and challenges associated with deciphering the activation mechanisms of such enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Wenzl
- Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Carina C de Oliveira Mann
- Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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39
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Li Q, Wu P, Du Q, Hanif U, Hu H, Li K. cGAS-STING, an important signaling pathway in diseases and their therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e511. [PMID: 38525112 PMCID: PMC10960729 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway was discovered in 2013, great progress has been made to elucidate the origin, function, and regulating mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in the past decade. Meanwhile, the triggering and transduction mechanisms have been continuously illuminated. cGAS-STING plays a key role in human diseases, particularly DNA-triggered inflammatory diseases, making it a potentially effective therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases. Here, we aim to summarize the ancient origin of the cGAS-STING defense mechanism, as well as the triggers, transduction, and regulating mechanisms of the cGAS-STING. We will also focus on the important roles of cGAS-STING signal under pathological conditions, such as infections, cancers, autoimmune diseases, neurological diseases, and visceral inflammations, and review the progress in drug development targeting cGAS-STING signaling pathway. The main directions and potential obstacles in the regulating mechanism research and therapeutic drug development of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway for inflammatory diseases and cancers will be discussed. These research advancements expand our understanding of cGAS-STING, provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the roles of cGAS-STING in diseases, and open up new strategies for targeting cGAS-STING as a promising therapeutic intervention in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Li
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Occupational DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital)ChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qiujing Du
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ullah Hanif
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Center for Immunology and HematologyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ka Li
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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40
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Sato Y, Hayashi MT. Micronucleus is not a potent inducer of the cGAS/STING pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302424. [PMID: 38307626 PMCID: PMC10837050 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) have been associated with the innate immune response. The abrupt rupture of MN membranes results in the accumulation of cGAS, potentially activating STING and downstream interferon-responsive genes. However, direct evidence connecting MN and cGAS activation has been lacking. We have developed the FuVis2 reporter system, which enables the visualization of the cell nucleus carrying a single sister chromatid fusion and, consequently, MN. Using this FuVis2 reporter equipped with cGAS and STING reporters, we rigorously assessed the potency of cGAS activation by MN in individual living cells. Our findings reveal that cGAS localization to membrane-ruptured MN during interphase is infrequent, with cGAS primarily capturing MN during mitosis and remaining bound to cytosolic chromatin. We found that cGAS accumulation during mitosis neither activates STING in the subsequent interphase nor triggers the interferon response. Gamma-ray irradiation activates STING independently of MN formation and cGAS localization to MN. These results suggest that cGAS accumulation in cytosolic MN is not a robust indicator of its activation and that MN are not the primary trigger of the cGAS/STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 IFOM-KU Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto T Hayashi
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 IFOM-KU Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Okawa H, Tanaka Y, Takahashi A. Network of extracellular vesicles surrounding senescent cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109953. [PMID: 38432566 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid bilayers released from cells that contain cellular components such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. Biological information is transmitted between cells via the EV content. Cancer and senescent cells secrete more EVs than normal cells, delivering more information to the surrounding recipient cells. Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest caused by the accumulation of DNA damage. Senescent cells secrete various inflammatory proteins known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Inflammatory SASP factors, including small EVs, induce chronic inflammation and lead to various age-related pathologies. Recently, senolytic drugs that selectively induce cell death in senescent cells have been developed to suppress the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. This review describes the characteristics of senescent cells, the functions of EVs released from senescent cells, and the therapeutic effects of EVs on age-related diseases. Understanding the biology of EVs secreted from senescent cells will provide valuable insights for achieving healthy longevity in an aging society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Okawa
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan; Division of Cellular and Molecular Imaging of Cancer, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Division of Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan; Cancer Cell Communication Project, NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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Xie J, Cheng J, Ko H, Tang Y. Cytosolic DNA sensors in neurodegenerative diseases: from physiological defenders to pathological culprits. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:678-699. [PMID: 38467840 PMCID: PMC11018843 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic DNA sensors are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that vary in structures, molecular mechanisms, and origins but share a common function to detect intracellular microbial DNA and trigger the innate immune response like type 1 interferon production and autophagy. Cytosolic DNA sensors have been proven as indispensable defenders against the invasion of many pathogens; however, growing evidence shows that self-DNA misplacement to cytoplasm also frequently occurs in non-infectious circumstances. Accumulation of cytosolic DNA causes improper activation of cytosolic DNA sensors and triggers an abnormal autoimmune response, that significantly promotes pathological progression. Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of neurological disorders characterized by neuron loss and still lack effective treatments due to a limited understanding of pathogenesis. But current research has found a solid relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and cytosolic DNA sensing pathways. This review summarizes profiles of several major cytosolic DNA sensors and their common adaptor protein STING. It also discusses both the beneficial and detrimental roles of cytosolic DNA sensors in the genesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Ho Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics & Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yamei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China.
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Leonen CJA, Funabiki H. cGAS meets its demise in the nucleus. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:592-593. [PMID: 38514888 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Jon A Leonen
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hironori Funabiki
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Zingoni A, Antonangeli F, Sozzani S, Santoni A, Cippitelli M, Soriani A. The senescence journey in cancer immunoediting. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:68. [PMID: 38561826 PMCID: PMC10983694 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is continuously controlled by the immune system which can identify and destroy nascent tumor cells or inhibit metastatic spreading. However, the immune system and its deregulated activity in the tumor microenvironment can also promote tumor progression favoring the outgrowth of cancers capable of escaping immune control, in a process termed cancer immunoediting. This process, which has been classified into three phases, i.e. "elimination", "equilibrium" and "escape", is influenced by several cancer- and microenvironment-dependent factors. Senescence is a cellular program primed by cells in response to different pathophysiological stimuli, which is based on long-lasting cell cycle arrest and the secretion of numerous bioactive and inflammatory molecules. Because of this, cellular senescence is a potent immunomodulatory factor promptly recruiting immune cells and actively promoting tissue remodeling. In the context of cancer, these functions can lead to both cancer immunosurveillance and immunosuppression. In this review, the authors will discuss the role of senescence in cancer immunoediting, highlighting its context- and timing-dependent effects on the different three phases, describing how senescent cells promote immune cell recruitment for cancer cell elimination or sustain tumor microenvironment inflammation for immune escape. A potential contribution of senescent cells in cancer dormancy, as a mechanism of therapy resistance and cancer relapse, will be discussed with the final objective to unravel the immunotherapeutic implications of senescence modulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zingoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy
| | - Marco Cippitelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Soriani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy.
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Bitencourt TC, Vargas JE, Silva AO, Fraga LR, Filippi‐Chiela E. Subcellular structure, heterogeneity, and plasticity of senescent cells. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14154. [PMID: 38553952 PMCID: PMC11019148 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest. It can be triggered by telomere shortening (replicative senescence) or prematurely induced by stresses such as DNA damage, oncogene overactivation, loss of tumor suppressor genes, oxidative stress, tissue factors, and others. Advances in techniques and experimental designs have provided new evidence about the biology of senescent cells (SnCs) and their importance in human health and disease. This review aims to describe the main aspects of SnCs phenotype focusing on alterations in subcellular compartments like plasma membrane, cytoskeleton, organelles, and nuclei. We also discuss the heterogeneity, dynamics, and plasticity of SnCs' phenotype, including the SASP, and pro-survival mechanisms. We advance on the multiple layers of phenotypic heterogeneity of SnCs, such as the heterogeneity between inducers, tissues and within a population of SnCs, discussing the relevance of these aspects to human health and disease. We also raise the main challenges as well alternatives to overcome them. Ultimately, we present open questions and perspectives in understanding the phenotype of SnCs from the perspective of basic and applied questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cardoso Bitencourt
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação Em Biologia Celular e MolecularUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | - Andrew Oliveira Silva
- Faculdade Estácio RSPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Centro de Pesquisa ExperimentalHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Lucas Rosa Fraga
- Centro de Pesquisa ExperimentalHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação Em Medicina: Ciências MédicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Departamento de Ciências MorfológicasUniversidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Eduardo Filippi‐Chiela
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação Em Biologia Celular e MolecularUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Centro de Pesquisa ExperimentalHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Departamento de Ciências MorfológicasUniversidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Centro de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
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Petito V, Di Vincenzo F, Putignani L, Abreu MT, Regenberg B, Gasbarrini A, Scaldaferri F. Extrachromosomal Circular DNA: An Emerging Potential Biomarker for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:414. [PMID: 38674347 PMCID: PMC11049804 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprising ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is a chronic immune-mediated disease which affects the gastrointestinal tract with a relapsing and remitting course, causing lifelong morbidity. IBD pathogenesis is determined by multiple factors including genetics, immune and microbial factors, and environmental factors. Although therapy options are expanding, remission rates are unsatisfiable, and together with the disease course, response to therapy remains unpredictable. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers that are predictive for the disease course and response to therapy is a significant challenge. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) fragments exist in all tissue tested so far. These fragments, ranging in length from a few hundreds of base pairs to mega base pairs, have recently gained more interest due to technological advances. Until now, eccDNA has mainly been studied in relation to cancer due to its ability to act as an amplification site for oncogenes and drug resistance genes. However, eccDNA could also play an important role in inflammation, expressed both locally in the- involved tissue and at distant sites. Here, we review the current evidence on the molecular mechanisms of eccDNA and its role in inflammation and IBD. Additionally, the potential of eccDNA as a tissue or plasma marker for disease severity and/or response to therapy is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Petito
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Di Vincenzo
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- UOS Microbiomica, UOC Microbiologia e Diagnostica di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Diagnostica e di Laboratorio, Ospedale Pediatrico “Bambino Gesù” IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Birgitte Regenberg
- Department of Biology, Section for Ecology and Evolution, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Scaldaferri
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Hu A, Sun L, Lin H, Liao Y, Yang H, Mao Y. Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:68. [PMID: 38523155 PMCID: PMC10961329 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. This pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types, not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells, tumor cells, and stromal cells. Agonists targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical studies. However, to date, the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains limited. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor progression. The uncertainty surrounding the therapeutic effectiveness of targeted drugs for the innate immune pathway is a critical issue that needs immediate investigation. In this review, we observe that the role of the innate immune pathway demonstrates heterogeneity, linked to the tumor development stage, pathway status, and specific cell types. We propose that within the TME, the innate immune pathway exhibits multidimensional diversity. This diversity is fundamentally rooted in cellular heterogeneity and is manifested as a variety of signaling networks. The pro-tumor effect of innate immune pathway activation essentially reflects the suppression of classical pathways and the activation of potential pro-tumor alternative pathways. Refining our understanding of the tumor's innate immune pathway network and employing appropriate targeting strategies can enhance our ability to harness the anti-tumor potential of the innate immune pathway and ultimately bridge the gap from preclinical to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education), and Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Zhou S, Su T, Cheng F, Cole J, Liu X, Zhang B, Alam S, Liu J, Zhu G. Engineering cGAS-agonistic oligonucleotides as therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102126. [PMID: 38352859 PMCID: PMC10863322 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Activating cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) holds great potential for cancer immunotherapy by eliciting type-I interferon (IFN-I) responses. Yet, current approaches to cGAS-STING activation rely on STING agonists, which suffer from difficult formulation, poor pharmacokinetics, and marginal clinical therapeutic efficacy. Here, we report nature-inspired oligonucleotide, Svg3, as a cGAS agonist for cGAS-STING activation in tumor combination immunotherapy. The hairpin-shaped Svg3 strongly binds to cGAS and enhances phase separation to form Svg3-cGAS liquid-like droplets. This results in cGAS-specific immunoactivation and robust IFN-I responses. Remarkably, Svg3 outperforms several state-of-the-art STING agonists in murine and human cells/tissues. Nanoparticle-delivered Svg3 reduces tumor immunosuppression and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade therapeutic efficacy of multiple syngeneic tumor models in wild-type mice, but in neither cGas-/- nor Sting-/- mice. Overall, these results demonstrate the great potential of Svg3 as a cGAS agonistic oligonucleotide for cancer combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Furong Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Janet Cole
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Shaheer Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jinze Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Guizhi Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Rogel Cancer Center, Center for RNA Biomedicine, MI-AORTA Program, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Lu Y, Zhao M, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu T, Liu H. cGAS: action in the nucleus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380517. [PMID: 38515746 PMCID: PMC10954897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As a canonical cytoplasmic DNA sensor, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a key role in innate immunity. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that cGAS can also be located in the nucleus and plays new functions such as regulating DNA damage repair, nuclear membrane repair, chromosome fusion, DNA replication, angiogenesis and other non-canonical functions. Meanwhile, the mechanisms underlying the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport and the regulation of cGAS activation have been revealed in recent years. Based on the current understanding of the structure, subcellular localization and canonical functions of cGAS, this review focuses on summarizing the mechanisms underlying nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, activity regulation and non-canonical functions of cGAS in the nucleus. We aim to provide insights into exploring the new functions of cGAS in the nucleus and advance its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Lu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Xu P, Liu Y, Liu C, Guey B, Li L, Melenec P, Ricci J, Ablasser A. The CRL5-SPSB3 ubiquitin ligase targets nuclear cGAS for degradation. Nature 2024; 627:873-879. [PMID: 38418882 PMCID: PMC10972748 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) senses aberrant DNA during infection, cancer and inflammatory disease, and initiates potent innate immune responses through the synthesis of 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)1-7. The indiscriminate activity of cGAS towards DNA demands tight regulatory mechanisms that are necessary to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis under normal conditions. Inside the cell nucleus, anchoring to nucleosomes and competition with chromatin architectural proteins jointly prohibit cGAS activation by genomic DNA8-15. However, the fate of nuclear cGAS and its role in cell physiology remains unclear. Here we show that the ubiquitin proteasomal system (UPS) degrades nuclear cGAS in cycling cells. We identify SPSB3 as the cGAS-targeting substrate receptor that associates with the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase 5 (CRL5) complex to ligate ubiquitin onto nuclear cGAS. A cryo-electron microscopy structure of nucleosome-bound cGAS in a complex with SPSB3 reveals a highly conserved Asn-Asn (NN) minimal degron motif at the C terminus of cGAS that directs SPSB3 recruitment, ubiquitylation and cGAS protein stability. Interference with SPSB3-regulated nuclear cGAS degradation primes cells for type I interferon signalling, conferring heightened protection against infection by DNA viruses. Our research defines protein degradation as a determinant of cGAS regulation in the nucleus and provides structural insights into an element of cGAS that is amenable to therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbiao Xu
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ying Liu
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Guey
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lingyun Li
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Melenec
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Ricci
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Ablasser
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Institute for Cancer Research (ISREC), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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