1
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Wang T, Zheng Y, Xu C, Deng Y, Hao X, Chu Z, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Han Z, Wu T. Movement of ACC oxidase 3 mRNA from seeds to flesh promotes fruit ripening in apple. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:1221-1235. [PMID: 38902921 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Xenia, the phenomenon in which the pollen genotype directly affects the phenotypic characteristics of maternal tissues (i.e., fruit ripening), has applications in crop production and breeding. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated whether mobile mRNAs from the pollen affect the ripening and quality-related characteristics of the fruit using cross-pollination between distinct Malus domestica (apple) cultivars. We demonstrated that hundreds of mobile mRNAs originating from the seeds are delivered to the fruit. We found that the movement of one of these mRNAs, ACC oxidase 3 (MdACO3), is coordinated with fruit ripening. Salicylic acid treatment, which can cause plasmodesmal closure, blocks MdACO3 movement, indicating that MdACO3 transcripts may move through the plasmodesmata. To assess the role of mobile MdACO3 transcripts in apple fruit, we created MdACO3-GFP-expressing apple seeds using MdACO3-GFP-overexpressing pollen for pollination and showed that MdACO3 transcripts in the transgenic seeds move to the flesh, where they promote fruit ripening. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MdACO3 can be transported from the seeds to fruit in the fleshy-fruited species tomato and strawberry. These results underscore the potential of mobile mRNAs from seeds to influence fruit characteristics, providing an explanation for the xenia phenomenon. Notably, our findings highlight the feasibility of leveraging diverse pollen genomic resources, without resorting to genome editing, to improve fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Hao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zicheng Chu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Cui Y, Qian H, Yin J, Xu C, Luo P, Zhang X, Yu M, Su B, Li X, Lin J. Single-molecule analysis reveals the phosphorylation of FLS2 governs its spatiotemporal dynamics and immunity. eLife 2024; 12:RP91072. [PMID: 39046447 PMCID: PMC11268883 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE2 (FLS2), a typical receptor kinase, recognizes the conserved 22 amino acid sequence in the N-terminal region of flagellin (flg22) to initiate plant defense pathways, which was intensively studied in the past decades. However, the dynamic regulation of FLS2 phosphorylation at the plasma membrane after flg22 recognition needs further elucidation. Through single-particle tracking, we demonstrated that upon flg22 treatment the phosphorylation of Ser-938 in FLS2 impacts its spatiotemporal dynamics and lifetime. Following Förster resonance energy transfer-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and protein proximity indexes assays revealed that flg22 treatment increased the co-localization of GFP-tagged FLS2/FLS2S938D but not FLS2S938A with AtRem1.3-mCherry, a sterol-rich lipid marker, indicating that the phosphorylation of FLS2S938 affects FLS2 sorting efficiency to AtRem1.3-associated nanodomains. Importantly, we found that the phosphorylation of Ser-938 enhanced flg22-induced FLS2 internalization and immune responses, demonstrating that the phosphorylation may activate flg22-triggered immunity through partitioning FLS2 into functional AtRem1.3-associated nanodomains, which fills the gap between the FLS2S938 phosphorylation and FLS2-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongping Qian
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinhuan Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Changwen Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Pengyun Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meng Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Bodan Su
- Biotechnology Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinxing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
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3
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Ma C, Wang J, Gao Y, Dong X, Feng H, Yang M, Yu Y, Liu C, Wu X, Qi Z, Mur LAJ, Magne K, Zou J, Hu Z, Tian Z, Su C, Ratet P, Chen Q, Xin D. The type III effector NopL interacts with GmREM1a and GmNFR5 to promote symbiosis in soybean. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5852. [PMID: 38992018 PMCID: PMC11239682 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of symbiotic interactions between leguminous plants and rhizobia requires complex cellular programming activated by Rhizobium Nod factors (NFs) as well as type III effector (T3E)-mediated symbiotic signaling. However, the mechanisms by which different signals jointly affect symbiosis are still unclear. Here we describe the mechanisms mediating the cross-talk between the broad host range rhizobia Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 T3E Nodulation Outer Protein L (NopL) effector and NF signaling in soybean. NopL physically interacts with the Glycine max Remorin 1a (GmREM1a) and the NFs receptor NFR5 (GmNFR5) and promotes GmNFR5 recruitment by GmREM1a. Furthermore, NopL and NF influence the expression of GmRINRK1, a receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) ortholog of the Lotus RINRK1, that mediates NF signaling. Taken together, our work indicates that S. fredii NopL can interact with the NF signaling cascade components to promote the symbiotic interaction in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongkang Gao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xulun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haojie Feng
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingliang Yang
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyu Yu
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoming Qi
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Kévin Magne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif sur Yvette, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jianan Zou
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenbang Hu
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhixi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Su
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Pascal Ratet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif sur Yvette, France.
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Dawei Xin
- College of Agriculture, National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, UK.
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif sur Yvette, France.
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Geng X, Dong L, Zhu T, Yang C, Zhang J, Guo B, Chen H, Zhang Q, Song L. Genome-wide analysis of soybean hypoxia inducible gene domain containing genes: a functional investigation of GmHIGD3. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1403841. [PMID: 39011304 PMCID: PMC11246964 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1403841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The response of Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain (HIGD) proteins to hypoxia plays a crucial role in plant development. However, the research on this gene family in soybean has been lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify and comprehensively analyze soybean HIGD genes using the Glycine max genome database. As a result, six GmHIGD genes were successfully identified, and their phylogeny, gene structures, and putative conserved motifs were analyzed in comparison to Arabidopsis and rice. Collinearity analysis indicated that the HIGD gene family in soybean has expanded to some extent when compared to Arabidopsis. Additionally, the cis-elements in the promoter regions of GmHIGD and the transcription factors potentially binding to these regions were identified. All GmHIGD genes showed specific responsiveness to submergence and hypoxic stresses. Expression profiling through quantitative real-time PCR revealed that these genes were significantly induced by PEG treatment in root tissue. Co-expressed genes of GmHIGD were primarily associated with oxidoreductase and dioxygenase activities, as well as peroxisome function. Notably, one of GmHIGD genes, GmHIGD3 was found to be predominantly localized in mitochondria, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis led to a significantly reduction in catalase activity compared to wild-type plants. These results bring new insights into the functional role of GmHIGD in terms of subcellular localization and the regulation of oxidoreductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Geng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binhui Guo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Song
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, China
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5
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Tee EE, Faulkner C. Plasmodesmata and intercellular molecular traffic control. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:32-47. [PMID: 38494438 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are plasma membrane-lined connections that join plant cells to their neighbours, establishing an intercellular cytoplasmic continuum through which molecules can travel between cells, tissues, and organs. As plasmodesmata connect almost all cells in plants, their molecular traffic carries information and resources across a range of scales, but dynamic control of plasmodesmal aperture can change the possible domains of molecular exchange under different conditions. Plasmodesmal aperture is controlled by specialised signalling cascades accommodated in spatially discrete membrane and cell wall domains. Thus, the composition of plasmodesmata defines their capacity for molecular trafficking. Further, their shape and density can likewise define trafficking capacity, with the cell walls between different cell types hosting different numbers and forms of plasmodesmata to drive molecular flux in physiologically important directions. The molecular traffic that travels through plasmodesmata ranges from small metabolites through to proteins, and possibly even larger mRNAs. Smaller molecules are transmitted between cells via passive mechanisms but how larger molecules are efficiently trafficked through plasmodesmata remains a key question in plasmodesmal biology. How plasmodesmata are formed, the shape they take, what they are made of, and what passes through them regulate molecular traffic through plants, underpinning a wide range of plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estee E Tee
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Christine Faulkner
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
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6
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Liu Q, Wang T, Ke M, Qian C, Li J, Huang X, Gao Z, Chen X, Tu T. UV-B Radiation Disrupts Membrane Lipid Organization and Suppresses Protein Mobility of GmNARK in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1536. [PMID: 38891343 PMCID: PMC11174901 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
While it is well known that plants interpret UV-B as an environmental cue and a potential stressor influencing their growth and development, the specific effects of UV-B-induced oxidative stress on the dynamics of membrane lipids and proteins remain underexplored. Here, we demonstrate that UV-B exposure notably increases the formation of ordered lipid domains on the plasma membrane (PM) and significantly alters the behavior of the Glycine max nodule autoregulation receptor kinase (GmNARK) protein in Arabidopsis leaves. The GmNARK protein was located on the PM and accumulated as small particles in the cytoplasm. We found that UV-B irradiation interrupted the lateral diffusion of GmNARK proteins on the PM. Furthermore, UV-B light decreases the efficiency of surface molecule internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). In brief, UV-B irradiation increased the proportion of the ordered lipid phase and disrupted clathrin-dependent endocytosis; thus, the endocytic trafficking and lateral mobility of GmNARK protein on the plasma membrane are crucial for nodule formation tuning. Our results revealed a novel role of low-intensity UV-B stress in altering the organization of the plasma membrane and the dynamics of membrane-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meiyu Ke
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chongzhen Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (C.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Jiejie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (C.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Zhen Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianli Tu
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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7
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Liu M, Wang F, He B, Hu J, Dai Y, Chen W, Yi M, Zhang H, Ye Y, Cui Z, Zheng X, Wang P, Xing W, Zhang Z. Targeting Magnaporthe oryzae effector MoErs1 and host papain-like protease OsRD21 interaction to combat rice blast. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:618-632. [PMID: 38409290 PMCID: PMC11162578 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Effector proteins secreted by plant pathogenic fungi are important artilleries against host immunity, but there is no precedent of such effectors being explored as antifungal targets. Here we demonstrate that MoErs1, a species-specific effector protein secreted by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, inhibits the function of rice papain-like cysteine protease OsRD21 involved in rice immunity. Disrupting MoErs1-OsRD21 interaction effectively controls rice blast. In addition, we show that FY21001, a structure-function-based designer compound, specifically binds to and inhibits MoErs1 function. FY21001 significantly and effectively controls rice blast in field tests. Our study revealed a novel concept of targeting pathogen-specific effector proteins to prevent and manage crop diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muxing Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiexiong Hu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizhong Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingxi Yi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghao Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, and Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Weiman Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, and Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Fougère L, Mongrand S, Boutté Y. The function of sphingolipids in membrane trafficking and cell signaling in plants, in comparison with yeast and animal cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159463. [PMID: 38281556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential membrane components involved in a wide range of cellular, developmental and signaling processes. Sphingolipids are so essential that knock-out mutation often leads to lethality. In recent years, conditional or weak allele mutants as well as the broadening of the pharmacological catalog allowed to decipher sphingolipid function more precisely in a less invasive way. This review intends to provide a discussion and point of view on the function of sphingolipids with a main focus on endomembrane trafficking, Golgi-mediated protein sorting, cell polarity, cell-to-cell communication and cell signaling at the plasma membrane. While our main angle is the plant field research, we will constantly refer to and compare with the advances made in the yeast and animal field. In this review, we will emphasize the role of sphingolipids not only as a membrane component, but also as a key player at a center of homeostatic regulatory networks involving direct or indirect interaction with other lipids, proteins and ion fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fougère
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sebastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yohann Boutté
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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9
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Yang Z, Cheng G, Yu Q, Jiao W, Zeng K, Luo T, Zhang H, Shang H, Huang G, Wang F, Guo Y, Xu J. Identification and characterization of the Remorin gene family in Saccharum and the involvement of ScREM1.5e-1/-2 in SCMV infection on sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1365995. [PMID: 38463560 PMCID: PMC10920289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1365995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins that play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions and environmental adaptations. Group I REMs are extensively involved in virus infection. However, little is known about the REM gene family in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hyrid), the most important sugar and energy crop around world. Methods Comparative genomics were employed to analyze the REM gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. Transcriptomics or RT-qPCR were used to analyze their expression files in different development stages or tissues under different treatments. Yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays were applied to investigate the protein interaction. Results In this study, 65 REMs were identified from Saccharum spontaneum genome and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic tree analysis. These REMs contain multiple cis-elements associated with growth, development, hormone and stress response. Expression profiling revealed that among different SsREMs with variable expression levels in different developmental stages or different tissues. A pair of alleles, ScREM1.5e-1/-2, were isolated from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 were highly expressed in leaves, with the former expressed at significantly higher levels than the latter. Their expression was induced by treatment with H2O2, ABA, ethylene, brassinosteroid, SA or MeJA, and varied upon Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. ScREM1.5e-1 was localized to the plasma membrane (PM), while ScREM1.5e-2 was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 can self-interact and interact with each other, and interact with VPgs from SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus, or Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. The interactions with VPgs relocated ScREM1.5e-1 from the PM to the cytoplasm. Discussion These results reveal the origin, distribution and evolution of the REM gene family in sugarcane and may shed light on engineering sugarcane resistance against sugarcane mosaic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guangyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wendi Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingxu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heyang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fengji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Subtropical Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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10
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Hsiao AS. Protein Disorder in Plant Stress Adaptation: From Late Embryogenesis Abundant to Other Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1178. [PMID: 38256256 PMCID: PMC10816898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has caused severe abiotic and biotic stresses, affecting plant growth and food security. The mechanical understanding of plant stress responses is critical for achieving sustainable agriculture. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a group of proteins without unique three-dimensional structures. The environmental sensitivity and structural flexibility of IDPs contribute to the growth and developmental plasticity for sessile plants to deal with environmental challenges. This article discusses the roles of various disordered proteins in plant stress tolerance and resistance, describes the current mechanistic insights into unstructured proteins such as the disorder-to-order transition for adopting secondary structures to interact with specific partners (i.e., cellular membranes, membrane proteins, metal ions, and DNA), and elucidates the roles of liquid-liquid phase separation driven by protein disorder in stress responses. By comparing IDP studies in animal systems, this article provides conceptual principles of plant protein disorder in stress adaptation, reveals the current research gaps, and advises on the future research direction. The highlighting of relevant unanswered questions in plant protein disorder research aims to encourage more studies on these emerging topics to understand the mechanisms of action behind their stress resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Shan Hsiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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11
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Liu X, Ma Z, Tran TM, Rautengarten C, Cheng Y, Yang L, Ebert B, Persson S, Miao Y. Balanced callose and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis quorum-sensing signaling and pattern-triggered immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:137-152. [PMID: 37647538 PMCID: PMC10756761 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The plant cell wall (CW) is one of the most important physical barriers that phytopathogens must conquer to invade their hosts. This barrier is a dynamic structure that responds to pathogen infection through a complex network of immune receptors, together with CW-synthesizing and CW-degrading enzymes. Callose deposition in the primary CW is a well-known physical response to pathogen infection. Notably, callose and cellulose biosynthesis share an initial substrate, UDP-glucose, which is the main load-bearing component of the CW. However, how these 2 critical biosynthetic processes are balanced during plant-pathogen interactions remains unclear. Here, using 2 different pathogen-derived molecules, bacterial flagellin (flg22) and the diffusible signal factor (DSF) produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, we show a negative correlation between cellulose and callose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). By quantifying the abundance of callose and cellulose under DSF or flg22 elicitation and characterizing the dynamics of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of these 2 polymers, we show that the balance of these 2 CW components is mediated by the activity of a β-1,3-glucanase (BG2). Our data demonstrate balanced cellulose and callose biosynthesis during plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Zhiming Ma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Tuan Minh Tran
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Carsten Rautengarten
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44810, Germany
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Liang Yang
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Berit Ebert
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44810, Germany
| | - Staffan Persson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (PLEN), University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, SJTU-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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12
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Li R, Zhao R, Yang M, Zhang X, Lin J. Membrane microdomains: Structural and signaling platforms for establishing membrane polarity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2260-2277. [PMID: 37549378 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell polarity results from the asymmetric distribution of cellular structures, molecules, and functions. Polarity is a fundamental cellular trait that can determine the orientation of cell division, the formation of particular cell shapes, and ultimately the development of a multicellular body. To maintain the distinct asymmetric distribution of proteins and lipids in cellular membranes, plant cells have developed complex trafficking and regulatory mechanisms. Major advances have been made in our understanding of how membrane microdomains influence the asymmetric distribution of proteins and lipids. In this review, we first give an overview of cell polarity. Next, we discuss current knowledge concerning membrane microdomains and their roles as structural and signaling platforms to establish and maintain membrane polarity, with a special focus on the asymmetric distribution of proteins and lipids, and advanced microscopy techniques to observe and characterize membrane microdomains. Finally, we review recent advances regarding membrane trafficking in cell polarity establishment and how the balance between exocytosis and endocytosis affects membrane polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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13
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Miao Y, Guo X, Zhu K, Zhao W. Biomolecular condensates tunes immune signaling at the Host-Pathogen interface. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 74:102374. [PMID: 37148673 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Membraneless organelles participate in diverse spatiotemporal regulation of cellular signal transduction by recruiting necessary signaling factors. During host-pathogen interactions, the plasma membrane (PM) at the interface between the plant and microbes serves as a central platform for forming multicomponent immune signaling hubs. The macromolecular condensation of the immune complex and regulators is important in regulating immune signaling outputs regarding strength, timing, and crosstalk between signaling pathways. This review discusses mechanisms that regulate specific and crosstalk of plant immune signal transduction pathways through macromolecular assembly and condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore; Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore.
| | - Xiangfu Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore; Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore
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14
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He B, Wang H, Liu G, Chen A, Calvo A, Cai Q, Jin H. Fungal small RNAs ride in extracellular vesicles to enter plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4383. [PMID: 37474601 PMCID: PMC10359353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Small RNAs (sRNAs) of the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea can enter plant cells and hijack host Argonaute protein 1 (AGO1) to silence host immunity genes. However, the mechanism by which these fungal sRNAs are secreted and enter host cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that B. cinerea utilizes extracellular vesicles (EVs) to secrete Bc-sRNAs, which are then internalized by plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). The B. cinerea tetraspanin protein, Punchless 1 (BcPLS1), serves as an EV biomarker and plays an essential role in fungal pathogenicity. We observe numerous Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) around B. cinerea infection sites and the colocalization of B. cinerea EV marker BcPLS1 and Arabidopsis CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN 1, one of the core components of CCV. Meanwhile, BcPLS1 and the B. cinerea-secreted sRNAs are detected in purified CCVs after infection. Arabidopsis knockout mutants and inducible dominant-negative mutants of key components of the CME pathway exhibit increased resistance to B. cinerea infection. Furthermore, Bc-sRNA loading into Arabidopsis AGO1 and host target gene suppression are attenuated in those CME mutants. Together, our results demonstrate that fungi secrete sRNAs via EVs, which then enter host plant cells mainly through CME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoye He
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Angela Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra Calvo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Qiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailing Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
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15
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Guo X, Zhu K, Zhu X, Zhao W, Miao Y. Two-dimensional molecular condensation in cell signaling and mechanosensing. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1064-1074. [PMID: 37475548 PMCID: PMC10423693 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Membraneless organelles (MLO) regulate diverse biological processes in a spatiotemporally controlled manner spanning from inside to outside of the cells. The plasma membrane (PM) at the cell surface serves as a central platform for forming multi-component signaling hubs that sense mechanical and chemical cues during physiological and pathological conditions. During signal transduction, the assembly and formation of membrane-bound MLO are dynamically tunable depending on the physicochemical properties of the surrounding environment and partitioning biomolecules. Biomechanical properties of MLO-associated membrane structures can control the microenvironment for biomolecular interactions and assembly. Lipid-protein complex interactions determine the catalytic region's assembly pattern and assembly rate and, thereby, the amplitude of activities. In this review, we will focus on how cell surface microenvironments, including membrane curvature, surface topology and tension, lipid-phase separation, and adhesion force, guide the assembly of PM-associated MLO for cell signal transductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfu Guo
- School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637457Singapore
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637551Singapore
| | - Xinlu Zhu
- School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637551Singapore
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637457Singapore
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and ScienceNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore636921Singapore
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637551Singapore
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and ScienceNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore636921Singapore
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16
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Yang J, Zhang H, Chen H, Sun Z, Ke H, Wang G, Meng C, Wu L, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ma Z. Genome-wide association study reveals novel SNPs and genes in Gossypium hirsutum underlying Aphis gossypii resistance. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:171. [PMID: 37420143 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04415-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A. gossypii resistance showed great variability in G. hirsutum varieties. One hundred and seventy-six SNPs associated with A. gossypii resistance were identified using GWAS. Four candidate resistance genes were functionally validated. Aphis gossypii is an economically important sap-feeding pest and is widely distributed in the world's cotton-producing regions. Identification of cotton genotypes and developing cultivars with improved A. gossypii resistance (AGR) is essential and desirable for sustainable agriculture. In the present study, A. gossypii was offered no choice but to propagate on 200 Gossypium hirsutum accessions. A relative aphid reproduction index (RARI) was used to evaluate the AGR, which showed large variability in cotton accessions and was classified into 6 grades. A significantly positive correlation was found between AGR and Verticillium wilt resistance. A total of 176 SNPs significantly associated with the RARI were identified using GWAS. Of these, 21 SNPs could be repeatedly detected in three replicates. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, a restriction digestion-based genotyping assay, was developed using SNP1 with the highest observed -log10(P-value). Four genes within the 650 kb region of SNP1 were further identified, including GhRem (remorin-like), GhLAF1 (long after far-red light 1), GhCFIm25 (pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 25 kDa subunit) and GhPMEI (plant invertase/pectin methylesterase inhibitor superfamily protein). The aphid infection could induce their expression and showed a significant difference between resistant and susceptible cotton varieties. Silencing of GhRem, GhLAF1 or GhCFIm25 could significantly increase aphid reproduction on cotton seedlings. Silencing of GhRem significantly reduced callose deposition, which is reasonably believed to be the cause for the higher AGR. Our results provide insights into understanding the genetic regulation of AGR in cotton and suggest candidate germplasms, SNPs and genes for developing cultivars with improved AGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Haonan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhengwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Huifeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Guoning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Chengsheng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Xingfen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
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17
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Li N, Lin Z, Yu P, Zeng Y, Du S, Huang LJ. The multifarious role of callose and callose synthase in plant development and environment interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1183402. [PMID: 37324665 PMCID: PMC10264662 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1183402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Callose is an important linear form of polysaccharide synthesized in plant cell walls. It is mainly composed of β-1,3-linked glucose residues with rare amount of β-1,6-linked branches. Callose can be detected in almost all plant tissues and are widely involved in various stages of plant growth and development. Callose is accumulated on plant cell plates, microspores, sieve plates, and plasmodesmata in cell walls and is inducible upon heavy metal treatment, pathogen invasion, and mechanical wounding. Callose in plant cells is synthesized by callose synthases located on the cell membrane. The chemical composition of callose and the components of callose synthases were once controversial until the application of molecular biology and genetics in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that led to the cloning of genes encoding synthases responsible for callose biosynthesis. This minireview summarizes the research progress of plant callose and its synthetizing enzymes in recent years to illustrate the important and versatile role of callose in plant life activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Shenxiu Du
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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18
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Cai Y, Xu C, Zheng T, Zuo Z. Thermal protection function of camphor on Cinnamomum camphora cell membrane by acting as a signaling molecule. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 198:107672. [PMID: 37004435 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoprenoids serve important functions in protecting plant membranes against high temperature. Cinnamomum camphora is an excellent economic tree species, and releases plenty of monoterpenes. To uncover the protective mechanism of monoterpenes on the membrane system for promoting their development and utilization as anti-high temperature agents, the membrane permeability, cell ultrastructure, membrane lipid variations and related gene expression were investigated in C. camphora fumigated with camphor, one of the main monoterpenes in the plant, after fosmidomycin (Fos) blocking the monoterpene biosynthesis under high temperature (Fos+38 °C + C). High temperature at 38 °C caused the rupture of plasma as well as chloroplast and mitochondrion membranes, deformation of chloroplasts and mitochondria, and electrolyte leakage in C. camphora. High temperature with Fos treatment (Fos+38 °C) aggravated the damage, while camphor fumigation (Fos+38 °C + C) showed alleviating effects. High temperature at 38 °C disturbed the membrane lipid equilibrium by reducing the levels of 14 phosphatidylcholine, 8 phosphatidylglycerol and 6 phosphatidylethanolamine molecules, and increasing the levels of 8 phosphatidic acid, 4 diacylglycerol, 5 phosphatidylinositol, 16 sphingomyelin and 5 ceramide phosphoethanolamine molecules. Fos+38 °C treatment primarily exhibited intensifying effects on the disturbance, while these membrane lipid levels in Fos+38 °C + C5 (5 μM camphor) treatment exhibited variation tendencies to the control at 28 °C. This should result from the expression alterations of the genes related with phospholipid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. It can be speculated that camphor can maintain membrane lipid stabilization in C. camphora under high temperature by acting as a signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chenyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tiefeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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19
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Chen W, Zhou H, Xu F, Yu M, Coego A, Rodriguez L, Lu Y, Xie Q, Fu Q, Chen J, Xu G, Wu D, Li X, Li X, Jaillais Y, Rodriguez PL, Zhu S, Yu F. CAR modulates plasma membrane nano-organization and immune signaling downstream of RALF1-FERONIA signaling pathway. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:2148-2162. [PMID: 36527240 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, the receptor-like kinase (RLK) FERONIA (FER) senses peptide ligands in the plasma membrane (PM), modulates plant growth and development, and integrates biotic and abiotic stress signaling for downstream adaptive responses. However, the molecular interplay of these diverse processes is largely unknown. Here, we show that FER, the receptor of Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), physically interacts with C2 domain ABA-related (CAR) proteins to control the nano-organization of the PM. During this process, the RALF1-FER pathway upregulates CAR protein translation, and then more CAR proteins are recruited to the PM. This acts as a rapid feedforward loop that stabilizes the PM liquid-ordered phase. FER interacts with and phosphorylates CARs, thereby reducing their lipid-binding ability and breaking the feedback regulation at later time points. The formation of the flg22-induced FLS2-BAK1 immune complex, which depends on the integrity of FER-containing nanodomains, is impaired in fer and pentuple car14569 mutant. Together, we propose that the FER-CAR module controls the formation of PM nano-organization during RALF signaling through a self-contained amplifying loop including both positive and negative feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Huina Zhou
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Alberto Coego
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lesia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yuqing Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qijun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dousheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiushan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, F-69342, Lyon, France
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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20
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Traeger J, Hu D, Yang M, Stacey G, Orr G. Super-Resolution Imaging of Plant Receptor-Like Kinases Uncovers Their Colocalization and Coordination with Nanometer Resolution. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:142. [PMID: 36837645 PMCID: PMC9958960 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell signaling often relies on the cellular organization of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) within membrane nanodomains to enhance signaling specificity and efficiency. Thus, nanometer-scale quantitative analysis of spatial organizations of RLKs could provide new understanding of mechanisms underlying plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we used stochastic optical reconstruction fluorescence microscopy (STORM) to quantify the colocalization of the flagellin-sensitive-2 (FLS2) receptor and the nanodomain marker, remorin, within Arabidopsis thaliana root hair cells. We found that recovery of FLS2 and remorin in the plasma membrane, following ligand-induced internalization by bacterial-flagellin-peptide (flg22), reached ~85% of their original membrane density after ~90 min. The pairs colocalized at the membrane at greater frequencies, compared with simulated randomly distributed pairs, except for directly after recovery, suggesting initial uncoordinated recovery followed by remorin and FLS2 pairing in the membrane. The purinergic receptor, P2K1, colocalized with remorin at similar frequencies as FLS2, while FLS2 and P2K1 colocalization occurred at significantly lower frequencies, suggesting that these RLKs mostly occupy distinct nanodomains. The chitin elicitor receptor, CERK1, colocalized with FLS2 and remorin at much lower frequencies, suggesting little coordination between CERK1 and FLS2. These findings emphasize STORM's capacity to observe distinct nanodomains and degrees of coordination between plant cell receptors, and their respective immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Traeger
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Mengran Yang
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gary Stacey
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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21
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Su C, Rodriguez-Franco M, Lace B, Nebel N, Hernandez-Reyes C, Liang P, Schulze E, Mymrikov EV, Gross NM, Knerr J, Wang H, Siukstaite L, Keller J, Libourel C, Fischer AAM, Gabor KE, Mark E, Popp C, Hunte C, Weber W, Wendler P, Stanislas T, Delaux PM, Einsle O, Grosse R, Römer W, Ott T. Stabilization of membrane topologies by proteinaceous remorin scaffolds. Nat Commun 2023; 14:323. [PMID: 36658193 PMCID: PMC9852587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, the topological organization of membranes has mainly been attributed to the cell wall and the cytoskeleton. Additionally, few proteins, such as plant-specific remorins have been shown to function as protein and lipid organizers. Root nodule symbiosis requires continuous membrane re-arrangements, with bacteria being finally released from infection threads into membrane-confined symbiosomes. We found that mutations in the symbiosis-specific SYMREM1 gene result in highly disorganized perimicrobial membranes. AlphaFold modelling and biochemical analyses reveal that SYMREM1 oligomerizes into antiparallel dimers and may form a higher-order membrane scaffolding structure. This was experimentally confirmed when expressing this and other remorins in wall-less protoplasts is sufficient where they significantly alter and stabilize de novo membrane topologies ranging from membrane blebs to long membrane tubes with a central actin filament. Reciprocally, mechanically induced membrane indentations were equally stabilized by SYMREM1. Taken together we describe a plant-specific mechanism that allows the stabilization of large-scale membrane conformations independent of the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Su
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Beatrice Lace
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Nebel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Casandra Hernandez-Reyes
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pengbo Liang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eija Schulze
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evgeny V Mymrikov
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolas M Gross
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Knerr
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hong Wang
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lina Siukstaite
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Cyril Libourel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Alexandra A M Fischer
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina E Gabor
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Mark
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Claudia Popp
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Institute of Genetics, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carola Hunte
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Petra Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Stanislas
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ott
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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22
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Anisimov AV, Suslov MA. Measuring of water transport selectively along the plant root plasmodesmata using gradient nuclear magnetic resonance with paramagnetic doping. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:263-270. [PMID: 36442358 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we measured translational water diffusion selectively along symplast pathway through plasmodesmata in maize roots, and the effective plasmodesmata permeability coefficient (P) was determined using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin echo method. Measuring of water transport selectively along the plant root plasmodesmata was achieved with paramagnetic complexes (PCs) of high relaxation efficiency. PCs penetrate into the intercellular space of root tissue, but not into cells, and accelerate the magnetic relaxation processes of intercellular water, thereby excluding the contribution of intercellular water to the registered NMR diffusion echo attenuation. In result, NMR control of translational diffusion can be applied to the signal of the water moving along the symplast pathway through plasmodesmata, where the PCs do not penetrate. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (GdDTPA), Mn2+-trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (MnDCTA), and GdCl3 were used as PCs. An increase in the PCs concentration led to a side effect in the form of a varying decrease in diffusive water transport in the roots. The P was determined by extrapolating the concentration dependence to zero concentration of PCs. Among the PCs studied, MnDCTA had the least side effects on the water transport when the concentration dependence was linear. When MnDCTA was used, the P accounted for 30-35% of the total cell water permeability (by transmembrane and symplast pathways). The rate of water flow along the plasmodesmata in the approximation of the piston mode of flow along the linear cell chain was estimated to range from 4.5 × 10-7 to 8.8 × 10-7 m/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Anisimov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - M A Suslov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 30, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
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23
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Huang S, Liu Z, Cao W, Li H, Zhang W, Cui Y, Hu S, Luo M, Zhu Y, Zhao Q, Xie L, Gao C, Xiao S, Jiang L. The plant ESCRT component FREE1 regulates peroxisome-mediated turnover of lipid droplets in germinating Arabidopsis seedlings. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4255-4273. [PMID: 35775937 PMCID: PMC9614499 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) stored during seed development are mobilized and provide essential energy and lipids to support seedling growth upon germination. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the main neutral lipids stored in LDs. The lipase SUGAR DEPENDENT 1 (SDP1), which hydrolyzes TAGs in Arabidopsis thaliana, is localized on peroxisomes and traffics to the LD surface through peroxisomal extension, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report a previously unknown function of a plant-unique endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) component FYVE DOMAIN PROTEIN REQUIRED FOR ENDOSOMAL SORTING 1 (FREE1) in regulating peroxisome/SDP1-mediated LD turnover in Arabidopsis. We showed that LD degradation was impaired in germinating free1 mutant; moreover, the tubulation of SDP1- or PEROXIN 11e (PEX11e)-marked peroxisomes and the migration of SDP1-positive peroxisomes to the LD surface were altered in the free1 mutant. Electron tomography analysis showed that peroxisomes failed to form tubules to engulf LDs in free1, unlike in the wild-type. FREE1 interacted directly with both PEX11e and SDP1, suggesting that these interactions may regulate peroxisomal extension and trafficking of the lipase SDP1 to LDs. Taken together, our results demonstrate a pivotal role for FREE1 in LD degradation in germinating seedlings via regulating peroxisomal tubulation and SDP1 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqian Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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24
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Elango D, Wang W, Thudi M, Sebastiar S, Ramadoss BR, Varshney RK. Genome-wide association mapping of seed oligosaccharides in chickpea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024543. [PMID: 36352859 PMCID: PMC9638045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major pulse crops, rich in protein, and widely consumed all over the world. Most legumes, including chickpeas, possess noticeable amounts of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in their seeds. RFOs are seed oligosaccharides abundant in nature, which are non-digestible by humans and animals and cause flatulence and severe abdominal discomforts. So, this study aims to identify genetic factors associated with seed oligosaccharides in chickpea using the mini-core panel. We have quantified the RFOs (raffinose and stachyose), ciceritol, and sucrose contents in chickpea using high-performance liquid chromatography. A wide range of variations for the seed oligosaccharides was observed between the accessions: 0.16 to 15.13 mg g-1 raffinose, 2.77 to 59.43 mg g-1 stachyose, 4.36 to 90.65 mg g-1 ciceritol, and 3.57 to 54.12 mg g-1 for sucrose. Kabuli types showed desirable sugar profiles with high sucrose, whereas desi types had high concentrations RFOs. In total, 48 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for all the targeted sugar types, and nine genes (Ca_06204, Ca_04353, and Ca_20828: Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Ca_17399 and Ca_22050: Remorin proteins; Ca_11152: Protein-serine/threonine phosphatase; Ca_10185, Ca_14209, and Ca_27229: UDP-glucose dehydrogenase) were identified as potential candidate genes for sugar metabolism and transport in chickpea. The accessions with low RFOs and high sucrose contents may be utilized in breeding specialty chickpeas. The identified candidate genes could be exploited in marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection, and genetic engineering to improve the sugar profiles in legumes and other crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinakaran Elango
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Wanyan Wang
- Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mahender Thudi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Genetics Gains Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sheelamary Sebastiar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
| | - Bharathi Raja Ramadoss
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Genetics Gains Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Crop Research Innovation Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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25
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Li G, Wang Q, Meng Q, Wang G, Xu F, Chen Q, Liu F, Hu Y, Luo M. Overexpression of a ceramide synthase gene, GhCS1, inhibits fiber cell initiation and elongation by promoting the synthesis of ceramides containing dihydroxy LCB and VLCFA. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1000348. [PMID: 36119591 PMCID: PMC9478514 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is an important natural fiber crop worldwide. Cotton fiber cell is regarded as an ideal material for studying the growth and development of plant cells. Sphingolipids are important components of biomembrane and bioactive molecules which participate in many processes such as plant growth, development regulation, stimulus sensing, and stress response. However, the functions of sphingolipids in the cotton fiber development are still unclear. In the present study, we identified a cotton ceramide synthase gene, GhCS1, which is predominantly expressed in fiber cell. The GhCS1 is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and has the conserved domains of ceramide synthase. Overexpression of GhCS1 gene inhibited both vegetative and reproductive growth in cotton. Importantly, the fiber cell initiation and elongation were severely inhibited when compared with control. Comparison of the sphingolipid profile in the 0-DPA (days past anthesis) ovule (with fiber cell) between control and transgenic cotton plants showed that the content of sphingosines (Sph) decreased significantly in transgenic ovules, whereas the content of phyto-sphingosines (Phyto-Sph) had no change. Meanwhile, the content of ceramide containing Sph and very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) increased significantly in transgenic ovules, while ceramide containing Phyto-Sph and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)/VLCFA significantly decreased. These results indicated that GhCS1 was a functional ceramide synthase, which preferentially used Sph and VLCFA as substrates and was different from the Arabidopsis ceramide synthase AtLOH1/AtLOH3, which preferentially used Phyto-Sph and VLCFA as substrates, and also different from AtLOH2, which preferentially used Sph and LCFA as substrates. It is suggested that GhCS1 might be a new ceramide synthase gene in the plant, play some roles in the development of fiber cells and cotton plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Systemic acquired resistance-associated transport and metabolic regulation of salicylic acid and glycerol-3-phosphate. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:673-681. [PMID: 35920211 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a type of long-distance immunity in plants, provides long-lasting resistance to a broad spectrum of pathogens. SAR is thought to involve the rapid generation and systemic transport of a mobile signal that prepares systemic parts of the plant to better resist future infections. Exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying SAR have identified multiple mobile regulators of SAR in the last few decades. Examination of the relationship among several of these seemingly unrelated molecules depicts a forked pathway comprising at least two branches of equal importance to SAR. One branch is regulated by the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA), and the other culminates (based on current knowledge) with the phosphorylated sugar derivative, glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). This review summarizes the activities that contribute to pathogen-responsive generation of SA and G3P and the components that regulate their systemic transport during SAR.
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Ma Z, Zhu K, Gao Y, Tan S, Miao Y. Molecular condensation and mechanoregulation of plant class I formin, an integrin‐like actin nucleator. FEBS J 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Ma
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Yong‐Gui Gao
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Suet‐Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
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Genome-Wide Identification of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor and Expression Analysis under Abiotic Stress in Rice. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151928. [PMID: 35893632 PMCID: PMC9330779 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The myeloblastosis (MYB) family comprises a large group of transcription factors (TFs) that has a variety of functions. Among them, the R2R3-MYB type of proteins are the largest group in plants, which are involved in controlling various biological processes such as plant growth and development, physiological metabolism, defense, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, bioinformatics was adopted to conduct genome-wide identification of the R2R3-MYB TFs in rice. We identified 190 MYB TFs (99 R2R3-MYBs), which are unevenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes of rice. Based on the phylogenetic clustering and protein sequence characteristics, OsMYBs were classified into five subgroups, and 59.6% of the Os2R_MYB genes contained two introns. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the 2000 bp upstream region of Os2R_MYB genes showed that all Os2R_MYB genes contained plant hormones-related or stress-responsive elements since 91.9%, 79.8%, 79.8%, and 58.6% of Os2R_MYB genes contain ABRE, TGACG, CGTCA, and MBS motifs, respectively. Protein–protein network analysis showed that the Os2R_MYBs were involved in metabolic process, biosynthetic process, and tissue development. In addition, some genes showed a tissue-specific or developmental-stage-specific expression pattern. Moreover, the transcription levels of 20 Os2R_MYB genes under polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) stress inducers were dissected by qRT-PCR. The results indicated genes with an altered expression upon PEG or CdCl2 stress induction. These results potentially supply a basis for further research on the role that Os2R_MYB genes play in plant development and stress responses.
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Lin Y, Lian L, Zhu Y, Wang L, Li H, Zheng Y, Cai Q, He W, Xie H, Wei Y, Wang H, Xie H, Zhang J. Characterization and expression analysis of the glycosyltransferase 64 familyin rice (Oryza sativa). Gene 2022; 838:146708. [PMID: 35772655 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The glycosyltransferase 64 (GT64) family is widely conserved in many species, including animals and plants. The functions of GT64 family genes in animals have been well characterized in the biosynthesis of extracellular heparan sulfate, whereas two GT64 members in Arabidopsis thaliana are involved in the glycosylation of plasma membrane glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs). GIPCs are the main components of plant sphingolipids and serve as important signal molecules in various developmental processes and stress responses. Rice (Oryza sativa), a model monocot plant, contains four GT64 members in its genome. Using phylogenetic analysis, 73 GT64s from 19 plant species were divided into three main groups. Each group can be represented by the three members in Arabidopsis and show a trend of monocot-eudicot divergences. A promoter and genomic variation analysis of GT64s in rice showed that various stress-related regulatory elements exist in their promoters, and many sequence variations were found between the two main rice subspecies, japonica and indica. Additionally, the transmembrane domain and subcellular localization analyses revealed that these genes all encode membrane-bound glycosyltransferases and localize to the Golgi apparatus. Finally, expression analysis of the four GT64 genes in rice, as assessed by real-time quantitative PCR, showed that they have distinct tissue-specific expression patterns and respond to different hormone treatments or abiotic stresses. Our results indicated that this family of genes may play a role in different stress responses and hormone signaling pathways in rice, and therefore provides fundamental information for the further investigation of their function in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelong Lin
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Lian
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Lanling Wang
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Yanmei Zheng
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Qiuhua Cai
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Wei He
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hongguang Xie
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Yidong Wei
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Wang
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Huaan Xie
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China.
| | - Jianfu Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China; State Key Laboratory for Ecological control of Crop Pests between Fujian and Taiwan/National Engineering Laboratory of Rice/South-China Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Incubating base of State Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Science and Technology/Fuzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center/ Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Germplasm innovation and Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas for South China /Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding/Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China.
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Ma T, Fu S, Wang K, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhou X. Palmitoylation Is Indispensable for Remorin to Restrict Tobacco Mosaic Virus Cell-to-Cell Movement in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2022; 14:1324. [PMID: 35746795 PMCID: PMC9227848 DOI: 10.3390/v14061324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Remorin (REM) is a plant-specific plasma membrane-associated protein regulating plasmodesmata plasticity and restricting viral cell-to-cell movement. Here, we show that palmitoylation is broadly present in group 1 remorin proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana and is crucial for plasma membrane localization and accumulation. By screening the four members of N. benthamiana group 1 remorin proteins, we found that only NbREM1.5 could significantly hamper tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) cell-to-cell movement. We further showed that NbREM1.5 interacts with the movement protein of TMV in vivo and interferes with its function of expanding the plasmodesmata size exclusion limit. We also demonstrated that palmitoylation is indispensable for NbREM1.5 to hamper plasmodesmata permeability and inhibit TMV cell-to-cell movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Kirk P, Amsbury S, German L, Gaudioso-Pedraza R, Benitez-Alfonso Y. A comparative meta-proteomic pipeline for the identification of plasmodesmata proteins and regulatory conditions in diverse plant species. BMC Biol 2022; 20:128. [PMID: 35655273 PMCID: PMC9164936 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major route for cell-to-cell signalling in plants is mediated by cell wall-embedded pores termed plasmodesmata forming the symplasm. Plasmodesmata regulate the plant development and responses to the environment; however, our understanding of what factors or regulatory cues affect their structure and permeability is still limited. In this paper, a meta-analysis was carried out for the identification of conditions affecting plasmodesmata transport and for the in silico prediction of plasmodesmata proteins in species for which the plasmodesmata proteome has not been experimentally determined. RESULTS Using the information obtained from experimental proteomes, an analysis pipeline (named plasmodesmata in silico proteome 1 or PIP1) was developed to rapidly generate candidate plasmodesmata proteomes for 22 plant species. Using the in silico proteomes to interrogate published transcriptomes, gene interaction networks were identified pointing to conditions likely affecting plasmodesmata transport capacity. High salinity, drought and osmotic stress regulate the expression of clusters enriched in genes encoding plasmodesmata proteins, including those involved in the metabolism of the cell wall polysaccharide callose. Experimental determinations showed restriction in the intercellular transport of the symplasmic reporter GFP and enhanced callose deposition in Arabidopsis roots exposed to 75-mM NaCl and 3% PEG (polyethylene glycol). Using PIP1 and transcriptome meta-analyses, candidate plasmodesmata proteins for the legume Medicago truncatula were generated, leading to the identification of Medtr1g073320, a novel receptor-like protein that localises at plasmodesmata. Expression of Medtr1g073320 affects callose deposition and the root response to infection with the soil-borne bacteria rhizobia in the presence of nitrate. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that combining proteomic meta-analysis and transcriptomic data can be a valuable tool for the identification of new proteins and regulatory mechanisms affecting plasmodesmata function. We have created the freely accessible pipeline PIP1 as a resource for the screening of experimental proteomes and for the in silico prediction of PD proteins in diverse plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kirk
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sam Amsbury
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Liam German
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Sphingolipids at Plasmodesmata: Structural Components and Functional Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105677. [PMID: 35628487 PMCID: PMC9145688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific channels connecting adjacent cells to mediate intercellular communication of molecules essential for plant development and defense. The typical PD are organized by the close apposition of the plasma membrane (PM), the desmotubule derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and spoke-like elements linking the two membranes. The plasmodesmal PM (PD-PM) is characterized by the formation of unique microdomains enriched with sphingolipids, sterols, and specific proteins, identified by lipidomics and proteomics. These components modulate PD to adapt to the dynamic changes of developmental processes and environmental stimuli. In this review, we focus on highlighting the functions of sphingolipid species in plasmodesmata, including membrane microdomain organization, architecture transformation, callose deposition and permeability control, and signaling regulation. We also briefly discuss the difference between sphingolipids and sterols, and we propose potential unresolved questions that are of help for further understanding the correspondence between plasmodesmal structure and function.
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Pokotylo I, Hodges M, Kravets V, Ruelland E. A ménage à trois: salicylic acid, growth inhibition, and immunity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:460-471. [PMID: 34872837 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone almost exclusively associated with the promotion of immunity. It is also known that SA has a negative impact on plant growth, yet only limited efforts have been dedicated to explain this facet of SA action. In this review, we focus on SA-related reduced growth and discuss whether it is a regulated process and if the role of SA in immunity imperatively comes with growth suppression. We highlight molecular targets of SA that interfere with growth and describe scenarios where SA can improve plant immunity without a growth penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pokotylo
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NASU, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR CNRS 9213, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Université d'Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Volodymyr Kravets
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NASU, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eric Ruelland
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, 60203 Compiègne, France.
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Zhao Z, Li M, Zhang H, Yu Y, Ma L, Wang W, Fan Y, Huang N, Wang X, Liu K, Dong S, Tang H, Wang J, Zhang H, Bao Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Rice Leaves Reveals a Vesicle Trafficking Network in Plant Immunity That Is Provoked by Blast Fungi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853195. [PMID: 35548300 PMCID: PMC9083198 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases in rice and can affect rice production worldwide. Rice plasma membrane (PM) proteins are crucial for rapidly and precisely establishing a defense response in plant immunity when rice and blast fungi interact. However, the plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network mediated by PM proteins is poorly understood. In this study, to explore changes in PM proteins during M. oryzae infection, the PM proteome was analyzed via iTRAQ in the resistant rice landrace Heikezijing. A total of 831 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, including 434 upregulated and 397 downregulated DEPs. In functional analyses, DEPs associated with vesicle trafficking were significantly enriched, including the "transport" term in a Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the endocytosis and phagosome pathways in a Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and vesicle-associated proteins identified via a protein-protein interaction network analysis. OsNPSN13, a novel plant-specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) 13 protein, was identified as an upregulated DEP, and transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed enhanced blast resistance, while transgenic knockdown plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants. The changes in abundance and putative functions of 20 DEPs revealed a possible vesicle trafficking network in the M. oryzae-rice interaction. A comparative proteomic analysis of plasma membrane proteins in rice leaves revealed a plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network that is provoked by blast fungi; these results provide new insights into rice resistance responses against rice blast fungi.
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Caro MDP, Venturuzzi AL, Moschen S, Salazar SM, Díaz-Ricci JC, Asurmendi S. A fungal protease named AsES triggers antiviral immune responses and effectively restricts virus infection in arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:593-606. [PMID: 35134835 PMCID: PMC9007096 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to fight against pathogens. Among these mechanisms, pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) relies on the recognition of conserved microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs, respectively) by membrane-bound receptors. Indeed, PTI restricts virus infection in plants and, in addition, BRI1-associated kinase 1 (BAK1), a central regulator of PTI, plays a role in antiviral resistance. However, the compounds that trigger antiviral defences, along with their molecular mechanisms of action, remain mostly elusive. Herein, we explore the role of a fungal extracellular subtilase named AsES in its capacity to trigger antiviral responses. METHODS In this study, we obtained AsES by recombinant expression, and evaluated and characterized its capacity to trigger antiviral responses against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) by performing time course experiments, analysing gene expression, virus movement and callose deposition. KEY RESULTS The results of this study provide direct evidence that exogenous treatment with recombinant AsES increases a state of resistance against TMV infection, in both arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Also, the antiviral PTI response exhibited by AsES in arabidopsis is mediated by the BAK1/SERK3 and BKK1/SERK4 co-receptors. Moreover, AsES requires a fully active salicylic acid (SA) signalling pathway to restrict the TMV movement by inducing callose deposition. Additionally, treatment with PSP1, a biostimulant based on AsES as the active compound, showed an increased resistance against TMV in N. benthamiana and tobacco plants. CONCLUSIONS AsES is a fungal serine protease which triggers antiviral responses relying on a conserved mechanism by means of the SA signalling pathway and could be exploited as an effective and sustainable biotechnology strategy for viral disease management in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Pilar Caro
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham B1686IGC, Argentina
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Provincial 301 Km 32, Tucumán, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Andrea Laura Venturuzzi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Moschen
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Provincial 301 Km 32, Tucumán, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Sergio Miguel Salazar
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Ruta Provincial 301 Km 32, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Díaz-Ricci
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, and Instituto de Química Biológica ‘Dr. Bernabé Bloj’, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Asurmendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham B1686IGC, Argentina
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Allen JR, Wilkinson EG, Strader LC. Creativity comes from interactions: modules of protein interactions in plants. FEBS J 2022; 289:1492-1514. [PMID: 33774929 PMCID: PMC8476656 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein interactions are the foundation of cell biology. For robust signal transduction to occur, proteins interact selectively and modulate their behavior to direct specific biological outcomes. Frequently, modular protein interaction domains are central to these processes. Some of these domains bind proteins bearing post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, whereas other domains recognize and bind to specific amino acid motifs. Other modules act as diverse protein interaction scaffolds or can be multifunctional, forming head-to-head homodimers and binding specific peptide sequences or membrane phospholipids. Additionally, the so-called head-to-tail oligomerization domains (SAM, DIX, and PB1) can form extended polymers to regulate diverse aspects of biology. Although the mechanism and structures of these domains are diverse, they are united by their modularity. Together, these domains are versatile and facilitate the evolution of complex protein interaction networks. In this review, we will highlight the role of select modular protein interaction domains in various aspects of plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Allen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Edward G. Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lucia C. Strader
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Center for Engineering Mechanobiology (CEMB), Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Bagautdinova ZZ, Omelyanchuk N, Tyapkin AV, Kovrizhnykh VV, Lavrekha VV, Zemlyanskaya EV. Salicylic Acid in Root Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042228. [PMID: 35216343 PMCID: PMC8875895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, salicylic acid (SA) is a hormone that mediates a plant’s defense against pathogens. SA also takes an active role in a plant’s response to various abiotic stresses, including chilling, drought, salinity, and heavy metals. In addition, in recent years, numerous studies have confirmed the important role of SA in plant morphogenesis. In this review, we summarize data on changes in root morphology following SA treatments under both normal and stress conditions. Finally, we provide evidence for the role of SA in maintaining the balance between stress responses and morphogenesis in plant development, and also for the presence of SA crosstalk with other plant hormones during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfira Z. Bagautdinova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Nadya Omelyanchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Aleksandr V. Tyapkin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vasilina V. Kovrizhnykh
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Viktoriya V. Lavrekha
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena V. Zemlyanskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (Z.Z.B.); (N.O.); (A.V.T.); (V.V.K.); (V.V.L.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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38
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Tabassum N, Blilou I. Cell-to-Cell Communication During Plant-Pathogen Interaction. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:98-108. [PMID: 34664986 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-21-0221-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile, plants are continuously challenged by changes in their surrounding environment and must survive and defend themselves against a multitude of pathogens. Plants have evolved a mode for pathogen recognition that activates signaling cascades such as reactive oxygen species, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Ca2+ pathways, in coordination with hormone signaling, to execute the defense response at the local and systemic levels. Phytopathogens have evolved to manipulate cellular and hormonal signaling and exploit hosts' cell-to-cell connections in many ways at multiple levels. Overall, triumph over pathogens depends on how efficiently the pathogens are recognized and how rapidly the plant response is initiated through efficient intercellular communication via apoplastic and symplastic routes. Here, we review how intercellular communication in plants is mediated, manipulated, and maneuvered during plant-pathogen interaction.[Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 "No Rights Reserved" license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Tabassum
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikram Blilou
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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39
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Tran TM, Chng CP, Pu X, Ma Z, Han X, Liu X, Yang L, Huang C, Miao Y. Potentiation of plant defense by bacterial outer membrane vesicles is mediated by membrane nanodomains. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:395-417. [PMID: 34791473 PMCID: PMC8846181 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are released from the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria during infection and modulate host immunity during host-pathogen interactions. The mechanisms by which OMVs are perceived by plants and affect host immunity are unclear. Here, we used the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris to demonstrate that OMV-plant interactions at the Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane (PM) modulate various host processes, including endocytosis, innate immune responses, and suppression of pathogenesis by phytobacteria. The lipid phase of OMVs is highly ordered and OMVs directly insert into the Arabidopsis PM, thereby enhancing the plant PM's lipid order; this also resulted in strengthened plant defenses. Strikingly, the integration of OMVs into the plant PM is host nanodomain- and remorin-dependent. Using coarse-grained simulations of molecular dynamics, we demonstrated that OMV integration into the plant PM depends on the membrane lipid order. Our computational simulations further showed that the saturation level of the OMV lipids could fine-tune the enhancement of host lipid order. Our work unraveled the mechanisms underlying the ability of OMVs produced by a plant pathogen to insert into the host PM, alter host membrane properties, and modulate plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Minh Tran
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Choon-Peng Chng
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Xiaoming Pu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Zhiming Ma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Liang Yang
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Changjin Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459
- Author for correspondence: (Y.M.), (C.H.)
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
- Author for correspondence: (Y.M.), (C.H.)
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40
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Ma Z, Sun Y, Zhu X, Yang L, Chen X, Miao Y. Membrane nanodomains modulate formin condensation for actin remodeling in Arabidopsis innate immune responses. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:374-394. [PMID: 34726756 PMCID: PMC8774048 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of macromolecules on the plasma membrane concentrates cell surface biomolecules into nanometer- to micrometer-scale clusters (nano- or microdomains) that help the cell initiate or respond to signals. In plant-microbe interactions, the actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid remodeling during pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). The nanoclustering of formin-actin nucleator proteins at the cell surface has been identified as underlying actin nucleation during plant innate immune responses. Here, we show that the condensation of nanodomain constituents and the self-assembly of remorin proteins enables this mechanism of controlling formin condensation and activity during innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Through intrinsically disordered region-mediated remorin oligomerization and formin interaction, remorin gradually recruits and condenses formins upon PTI activation in lipid bilayers, consequently increasing actin nucleation in a time-dependent manner postinfection. Such nanodomain- and remorin-mediated regulation of plant surface biomolecules is expected to be a general feature of plant innate immune responses that creates spatially separated biochemical compartments and fine tunes membrane physicochemical properties for transduction of immune signals in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Ma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yanbiao Sun
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Centre, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinlu Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Liang Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Centre, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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41
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Kirk P, Benitez-Alfonso Y. Plasmodesmata Structural Components and Their Role in Signaling and Plant Development. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2457:3-22. [PMID: 35349130 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2132-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are plant intercellular channels that mediate the transport of small and large molecules including RNAs and transcription factors (TFs) that regulate plant development. In this review, we present current research on plasmodesmata form and function and discuss the main regulatory pathways. We show the progress made in the development of approaches and tools to dissect the plasmodesmata proteome in diverse plant species and discuss future perspectives and challenges in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kirk
- Centre for Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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42
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Marhava P. Recent developments in the understanding of PIN polarity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:624-630. [PMID: 34882802 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polar localization of PIN-FORMED proteins (PINs) at the plasma membrane is essential for plant development as they direct the transport of phytohormone auxin between cells. PIN polar localization to certain sides of a given cell is dynamic, strictly regulated and provides directionality to auxin flow. Signals that act upstream to control subcellular PIN localization modulate auxin distribution, thereby regulating diverse aspects of plant development. Here I summarize the current understanding of mechanisms by which PIN polarity is established, maintained and rearranged to provide a glimpse into the complexity of PIN polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Marhava
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183, Umeå, Sweden
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43
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Zhu T, Sun Y, Chen X. Arabidopsis Tetraspanins Facilitate Virus Infection via Membrane-Recognition GCCK/RP Motif and Cysteine Residues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:805633. [PMID: 35310653 PMCID: PMC8927881 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.805633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetraspanins (TETs) function as key molecular scaffolds for surface signal recognition and transduction via the assembly of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. TETs' function in mammalian has been intensively investigated for the organization of multimolecular membrane complexes, regulation of cell migration and cellular adhesion, whereas plant TET studies lag far behind. Animal and plant TETs share similar topologies, despite the hallmark of "CCG" in the large extracellular loop of animal TETs, plant TETs contain a plant specific GCCK/RP motif and more conserved cysteine residues. Here, we showed that the GCCK/RP motif is responsible for TET protein association with the plasma membrane. Moreover, the conserved cysteine residues located within or neighboring the GCCK/RP motif are both crucial for TET anchoring to membrane. During virus infection, the intact TET3 protein enhanced but GCCK/RP motif or cysteine residues-deficient TET3 variants abolished the cell-to-cell movement capability of virus. This study provides cellular evidence that the GCCK/RP motif and the conserved cysteine residues are the primary determinants for the distribution and function of TET proteins in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanbiao Sun
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xu Chen,
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44
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Huang C, Heinlein M. Function of Plasmodesmata in the Interaction of Plants with Microbes and Viruses. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2457:23-54. [PMID: 35349131 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2132-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are gated plant cell wall channels that allow the trafficking of molecules between cells and play important roles during plant development and in the orchestration of cellular and systemic signaling responses during interactions of plants with the biotic and abiotic environment. To allow gating, PD are equipped with signaling platforms and enzymes that regulate the size exclusion limit (SEL) of the pore. Plant-interacting microbes and viruses target PD with specific effectors to enhance their virulence and are useful probes to study PD functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiping Huang
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Manfred Heinlein
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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45
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Martinière A, Zelazny E. Membrane nanodomains and transport functions in plant. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1839-1855. [PMID: 35235669 PMCID: PMC8644385 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Far from a homogeneous environment, biological membranes are highly structured with lipids and proteins segregating in domains of different sizes and dwell times. In addition, membranes are highly dynamics especially in response to environmental stimuli. Understanding the impact of the nanoscale organization of membranes on cellular functions is an outstanding question. Plant channels and transporters are tightly regulated to ensure proper cell nutrition and signaling. Increasing evidence indicates that channel and transporter nano-organization within membranes plays an important role in these regulation mechanisms. Here, we review recent advances in the field of ion, water, but also hormone transport in plants, focusing on protein organization within plasma membrane nanodomains and its cellular and physiological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enric Zelazny
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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46
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Harith-Fadzilah N, Lam SD, Haris-Hussain M, Ghani IA, Zainal Z, Jalinas J, Hassan M. Proteomics and Interspecies Interaction Analysis Revealed Abscisic Acid Signalling to Be the Primary Driver for Oil Palm's Response against Red Palm Weevil Infestation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2574. [PMID: 34961045 PMCID: PMC8709180 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW; Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera Curculionidae)) is an invasive insect pest that is difficult to manage due to its nature of infesting the host palm trees from within. A holistic, molecular-based approach to identify proteins that correlate with RPW infestation could give useful insights into the vital processes that are prevalent to the host's infestation response and identify the potential biomarkers for an early detection technique. Here, a shotgun proteomic analysis was performed on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis; OP) under untreated (control), wounding by drilling (wounded), and artificial larval infestation (infested) conditions at three different time points to characterise the RPW infestation response at three different stages. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed many overlapping pathways between the control, wounded, and infested groups. Further analysis via literature searches narrowed down biologically relevant proteins into categories, which were photosynthesis, growth, and stress response. Overall, the patterns of protein expression suggested abscisic acid (ABA) hormone signalling to be the primary driver of insect herbivory response. Interspecies molecular docking analysis between RPW ligands and OP receptor proteins provided putative interactions that result in ABA signalling activation. Seven proteins were selected as candidate biomarkers for early infestation detection based on their relevance and association with ABA signalling. The MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD028986. This study provided a deeper insight into the mechanism of stress response in OP in order to develop a novel detection method or improve crop management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmi Harith-Fadzilah
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Su Datt Lam
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mohammad Haris-Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Idris Abd Ghani
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Zamri Zainal
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Johari Jalinas
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
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47
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Biosynthesis and Roles of Salicylic Acid in Balancing Stress Response and Growth in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111672. [PMID: 34769103 PMCID: PMC8584137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant hormone with a critical role in plant defense against pathogen infection. Despite extensive research over the past 30 year or so, SA biosynthesis and its complex roles in plant defense are still not fully understood. Even though earlier biochemical studies suggested that plants synthesize SA from cinnamate produced by phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), genetic analysis has indicated that in Arabidopsis, the bulk of SA is synthesized from isochorismate (IC) produced by IC synthase (ICS). Recent studies have further established the enzymes responsible for the conversion of IC to SA in Arabidopsis. However, it remains unclear whether other plants also rely on the ICS pathway for SA biosynthesis. SA induces defense genes against biotrophic pathogens, but represses genes involved in growth for balancing defense and growth to a great extent through crosstalk with the growth-promoting plant hormone auxin. Important progress has been made recently in understanding how SA attenuates plant growth by regulating the biosynthesis, transport, and signaling of auxin. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the biosynthesis and the broad roles of SA in regulating plant growth during defense responses. Further understanding of SA production and its regulation of both defense and growth will be critical for developing better knowledge to improve the disease resistance and fitness of crops.
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48
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Wang Q, Meng Q, Xu F, Chen Q, Ma C, Huang L, Li G, Luo M. Comparative Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Sterols and Sphingolipids Play a Role in Cotton Fiber Cell Initiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111438. [PMID: 34768870 PMCID: PMC8583818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cotton fiber is a seed trichome that protrudes from the outer epidermis of cotton ovule on the day of anthesis (0 day past anthesis, 0 DPA). The initial number and timing of fiber cells are closely related to fiber yield and quality. However, the mechanism underlying fiber initiation is still unclear. Here, we detected and compared the contents and compositions of sphingolipids and sterols in 0 DPA ovules of Xuzhou142 lintless-fuzzless mutants (Xufl) and Xinxiangxiaoji lintless-fuzzless mutants (Xinfl) and upland cotton wild-type Xuzhou142 (XuFL). Nine classes of sphingolipids and sixty-six sphingolipid molecular species were detected in wild-type and mutants. Compared with the wild type, the contents of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), Sphingosine (Sph), Glucosylceramide (GluCer), and Glycosyl-inositol-phospho-ceramides (GIPC) were decreased in the mutants, while the contents of Ceramide (Cer) were increased. Detail, the contents of two Cer molecular species, d18:1/22:0 and d18:1/24:0, and two Phyto-Cer molecular species, t18:0/22:0 and t18:0/h22:1 were significantly increased, while the contents of all GluCer and GIPC molecular species were decreased. Consistent with this result, the expression levels of seven genes involved in GluCer and GIPC synthesis were decreased in the mutants. Furthermore, exogenous application of a specific inhibitor of GluCer synthase, PDMP (1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol), in ovule culture system, significantly inhibited the initiation of cotton fiber cells. In addition, five sterols and four sterol esters were detected in wild-type and mutant ovules. Compared with the wild type, the contents of total sterol were not significantly changed. While the contents of stigmasterol and campesterol were significantly increased, the contents of cholesterol were significantly decreased, and the contents of total sterol esters were significantly increased. In particular, the contents of campesterol esters and stigmasterol esters increased significantly in the two mutants. Consistently, the expression levels of some sterol synthase genes and sterol ester synthase genes were also changed in the two mutants. These results suggested that sphingolipids and sterols might have some roles in the initiation of fiber cells. Our results provided a novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of fiber cell initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Qian Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Caixia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Li Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Guiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
| | - Ming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Q.W.); (Q.M.); (F.X.); (Q.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: or
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Xing C, Li J, Lam SM, Yuan H, Shui G, Yang J. The role of glutathione-mediated triacylglycerol synthesis in the response to ultra-high cadmium stress in Auxenochlorella protothecoides. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 108:58-69. [PMID: 34465437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under ultra-high cadmium (Cd) stress, large amounts of glutathione are produced in Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341, and the lipid content increases significantly. Glutathione is the best reductant that can effectively remove Cd, but the relationship between lipid accumulation and the cellular response to Cd stress has not been ascertained. Integrating analyses of the transcriptomes and lipidomes, the mechanism of lipid accumulation to Cd tolerance were studied from the perspectives of metabolism, transcriptional regulation and protein glutathionylation. Under Cd stress, basic metabolic pathways, such as purine metabolism, translation and pre-mRNA splicing process, were inhibited, while the lipid accumulation pathway was significantly activated. Further analysis revealed that the transcription factors (TFs) and genes related to lipid accumulation were also activated. Analysis of the TF interaction sites showed that ABI5, MYB_rel and NF-YB could further regulate the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase through glutathionylation/deglutathionylation, which led to increase of the triacylglycerol (TAG) content. Lipidomes analysis showed that TAG could help maintain lipid homeostasis by adjusting its saturation/unsaturation levels. This study for the first time indicated that glutathione could activate TAG synthesis in microalga A. protothecoides, leading to TAG accumulation and glutathione accumulation under Cd stress. Therefore, the accumulation of TAG and glutathione can confer resistance to high Cd stress. This study provided insights into a new operation mode of TAG accumulation under heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Lipidall Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou 213022, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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50
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Kaur G, Sharma P, Rathee S, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Salicylic acid pre-treatment modulates Pb 2+-induced DNA damage vis-à-vis oxidative stress in Allium cepa roots. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51989-52000. [PMID: 33999323 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the putative role of salicylic acid (SA) in modulating Pb2+-induced DNA and oxidative damage in Allium cepa roots. Pb2+ exposure enhanced free radical generation and reduced DNA integrity and antioxidant machinery after 24 h; however, SA pre-treatment (for 24 h) ameliorated Pb2+ toxicity. Pb2+ exposure led to an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and enhanced superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical levels. SA improved the efficiency of enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate and guaiacol peroxidases [APX, GPX], superoxide dismutases [SOD], and catalases [CAT]) at 50-μM Pb2+ concentration. However, SA pre-treatment could not improve the efficiency of CAT and APX at 500 μM of Pb2+ treatment. Elevated levels of ascorbate and glutathione were observed in A. cepa roots pre-treated with SA and exposed to 50 μM Pb2+ treatment, except for oxidized glutathione. Nuclear membrane integrity test demonstrated the ameliorating effect of SA by reducing the number of dark blue-stained nuclei as compared to Pb2+ alone treatments. SA was successful in reducing DNA damage in cell exposed to higher concentration of Pb2+ (500 μM) as observed through comet assay. The study concludes that SA played a major role in enhancing defense mechanism and protecting against DNA damage by acclimatizing the plant to Pb2+-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, The Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Padma Sharma
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Sonia Rathee
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Daizy Rani Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
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