1
|
Li Y, Pan K, Gao Y, Li J, Zang Y, Li X. Deconvoluting nitric oxide-protein interactions with spatially resolved multiplex imaging. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6562-6571. [PMID: 38699271 PMCID: PMC11062118 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00767k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous imaging of nitric oxide (NO) and its proximal proteins should facilitate the deconvolution of NO-protein interactions. While immunostaining is a primary assay to localize proteins in non-genetically manipulated samples, NO imaging probes with immunostaining-compatible signals remain unexplored. Herein, probe NOP-1 was developed with an NO-triggered proximal protein labeling capacity and fluorogenic signals. The trick is to fuse the native chemical ligation of acyl benzotriazole with the protein-conjugation-induced fluorogenic response of Si-rhodamine fluorophore. NOP-1 predominantly existed in the non-fluorescent spirocyclic form. Yet, its acyl o-phenylenediamine moiety was readily activated by NO into acyl benzotriazole to conjugate proximal proteins, providing a fluorogenic response and translating the transient cellular NO signal into a permanent stain compatible with immunostaining. NOP-1 was utilized to investigate NO signaling in hypoglycemia-induced neurological injury, providing direct evidence of NO-induced apoptosis during hypoglycemia. Mechanistically, multiplex imaging revealed the overlap of cellular NOP-1 fluorescence with immunofluorescence for α-tubulin and NO2-Tyr. Importantly, α-tubulin was resolved from NOP-1 labeled proteins. These results suggest that NO played a role in hypoglycemia-induced apoptosis, at least in part, through nitrating α-tubulin. This study fills a crucial gap in current imaging probes, providing a valuable tool for unraveling the complexities of NO signaling in biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Street Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Kaijun Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yi Zang
- Lingang Laboratory Shanghai 201203 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Street Hangzhou 310058 China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University Jiashan 314100 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deshpande A, Brants J, Wasylyk C, van Hooij O, Verhaegh GW, Maas P, Schalken JA, Wasylyk B. TTLL12 has a potential oncogenic activity, suppression of ligation of nitrotyrosine to the C-terminus of detyrosinated α-tubulin, that can be overcome by molecules identified by screening a compound library. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296960. [PMID: 38394155 PMCID: PMC10889654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubulin tyrosine ligase 12 (TTLL12) is a promising target for therapeutic intervention since it has been implicated in tumour progression, the innate immune response to viral infection, ciliogenesis and abnormal cell division. It is the most mysterious of a fourteen-member TTL/TTLL family, since, although it is the topmost conserved in evolution, it does not have predicted enzymatic activities. TTLL12 seems to act as a pseudo-enzyme that modulates various processes indirectly. Given the need to target its functions, we initially set out to identify a property of TTLL12 that could be used to develop a reliable high-throughput screening assay. We discovered that TTLL12 suppresses the cell toxicity of nitrotyrosine (3-nitrotyrosine) and its ligation to the C-terminus of detyrosinated α-tubulin (abbreviated to ligated-nitrotyrosine). Nitrotyrosine is produced by oxidative stress and is associated with cancer progression. Ligation of nitrotyrosine has been postulated to be a check-point induced by excessive cell stress. We found that the cytotoxicities of nitrotyrosine and tubulin poisons are independent of one another, suggesting that drugs that increase nitrotyrosination could be complementary to current tubulin-directed therapeutics. TTLL12 suppression of nitrotyrosination of α-tubulin was used to develop a robust cell-based ELISA assay that detects increased nitrotyrosination in cells that overexpress TTLL12 We adapted it to a high throughput format and used it to screen a 10,000 molecule World Biological Diversity SETTM collection of low-molecular weight molecules. Two molecules were identified that robustly activate nitrotyrosine ligation at 1 μM concentration. This is the pioneer screen for molecules that modulate nitrotyrosination of α-tubulin. The molecules from the screen will be useful for the study of TTLL12, as well as leads for the development of drugs to treat cancer and other pathologies that involve nitrotyrosination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Deshpande
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Jan Brants
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Christine Wasylyk
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Onno van Hooij
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerald W. Verhaegh
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Maas
- Specs, Bleiswijkseweg, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
| | - Jack A. Schalken
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bohdan Wasylyk
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cadenas-Garrido P, Schonvandt-Alarcos A, Herrera-Quintana L, Vázquez-Lorente H, Santamaría-Quiles A, Ruiz de Francisco J, Moya-Escudero M, Martín-Oliva D, Martín-Guerrero SM, Rodríguez-Santana C, Aragón-Vela J, Plaza-Diaz J. Using Redox Proteomics to Gain New Insights into Neurodegenerative Disease and Protein Modification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:127. [PMID: 38275652 PMCID: PMC10812581 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant defenses in biological systems ensure redox homeostasis, regulating baseline levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). Oxidative stress (OS), characterized by a lack of antioxidant defenses or an elevation in ROS and RNS, may cause a modification of biomolecules, ROS being primarily absorbed by proteins. As a result of both genome and environment interactions, proteomics provides complete information about a cell's proteome, which changes continuously. Besides measuring protein expression levels, proteomics can also be used to identify protein modifications, localizations, the effects of added agents, and the interactions between proteins. Several oxidative processes are frequently used to modify proteins post-translationally, including carbonylation, oxidation of amino acid side chains, glycation, or lipid peroxidation, which produces highly reactive alkenals. Reactive alkenals, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, are added to cysteine (Cys), lysine (Lys), or histidine (His) residues by a Michael addition, and tyrosine (Tyr) residues are nitrated and Cys residues are nitrosylated by a Michael addition. Oxidative and nitrosative stress have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases as a result of oxidative damage to the brain, which may be especially vulnerable due to the large consumption of dioxygen. Therefore, the current methods applied for the detection, identification, and quantification in redox proteomics are of great interest. This review describes the main protein modifications classified as chemical reactions. Finally, we discuss the importance of redox proteomics to health and describe the analytical methods used in redox proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cadenas-Garrido
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda, del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (A.S.-A.); (A.S.-Q.); (J.R.d.F.); (M.M.-E.)
| | - Ailén Schonvandt-Alarcos
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda, del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (A.S.-A.); (A.S.-Q.); (J.R.d.F.); (M.M.-E.)
| | - Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (H.V.-L.); (C.R.-S.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (H.V.-L.); (C.R.-S.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alicia Santamaría-Quiles
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda, del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (A.S.-A.); (A.S.-Q.); (J.R.d.F.); (M.M.-E.)
| | - Jon Ruiz de Francisco
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda, del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (A.S.-A.); (A.S.-Q.); (J.R.d.F.); (M.M.-E.)
| | - Marina Moya-Escudero
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda, del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain; (P.C.-G.); (A.S.-A.); (A.S.-Q.); (J.R.d.F.); (M.M.-E.)
| | - David Martín-Oliva
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Sandra M. Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 9RT, UK
| | - César Rodríguez-Santana
- Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (H.V.-L.); (C.R.-S.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Aragón-Vela
- Department of Health Sciences, Area of Physiology, Building B3, Campus s/n “Las Lagunillas”, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kropf E, Shekari A, Jaberi S, Puri A, Wu C, Fahnestock M. Age-induced nitrative stress decreases retrograde transport of proNGF via TrkA and increases proNGF retrograde transport and neurodegeneration via p75 NTR. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1241420. [PMID: 38025269 PMCID: PMC10679388 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1241420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Axonal transport of pro nerve growth factor (proNGF) is impaired in aged basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs), which is associated with their degeneration. ProNGF is neurotrophic in the presence of its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) but induces apoptosis via the pan-neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) when TrkA is absent. It is well established that TrkA is lost while p75NTR is maintained in aged BFCNs, but whether aging differentially affects transport of proNGF via each receptor is unknown. Nitrative stress increases during aging, but whether age-induced nitrative stress differentially affects proNGF transport via TrkA versus p75NTR has not yet been studied. Answering these questions is essential for developing an accurate understanding of the mechanisms contributing to age-induced loss of proNGF transport and BFCN degeneration. Methods In this study, fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze axonal transport of quantum dot labeled proNGF in rat BFCNs in vitro. Receptor specific effects were studied with proNGF mutants that selectively bind to either TrkA (proNGF-KKE) or p75NTR (proNGF-Δ9-13). Signaling factor activity was quantified via immunostaining. Results Young BFCNs transported proNGF-KKE but not proNGF-Δ9-13, and proNGF transport was not different in p75NTR knockout BFCNs compared to wildtype BFCNs. These results indicate that young BFCNs transport proNGF via TrkA. In vitro aging increased transport of proNGF-Δ9-13 but decreased transport of proNGF-KKE. Treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME reduced retrograde transport of proNGF-Δ9-13 in aged BFCNs while increasing retrograde transport of proNGF-KKE but did not affect TrkA or p75NTR levels. ProNGF-Δ9-13 induced greater pro-apoptotic signaling and neurodegeneration and less pro-survival signaling relative to proNGF-KKE. Discussion Together, these results indicate that age-induced nitrative stress decreases proNGF transport via TrkA while increasing proNGF transport via p75NTR. These transport deficits are associated with decreased survival signaling, increased apoptotic signaling, and neurodegeneration. Our findings elucidate the receptor specificity of age-and nitrative stress-induced proNGF transport deficits. These results may help to rescue the neurotrophic signaling of proNGF in aging to reduce age-induced loss of BFCN function and cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kropf
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Arman Shekari
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sama Jaberi
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anish Puri
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Choi DH, Kang SK, Lee KE, Jung J, Kim EJ, Kim WH, Kwon YG, Kim KP, Jo I, Park YS, Park SI. Nitrosylation of β2-Tubulin Promotes Microtubule Disassembly and Differentiated Cardiomyocyte Beating in Ischemic Mice. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:921-937. [PMID: 37679590 PMCID: PMC10519925 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beating cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies have revealed as alternative therapeutics for heart transplantation. Nonetheless, the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in cardiomyocyte regeneration has been widely suggested, little has been reported concerning endogenous NO during cardiomyocyte differentiation. METHODS Here, we used P19CL6 cells and a Myocardiac infarction (MI) model to confirm NO-induced protein modification and its role in cardiac beating. Two tyrosine (Tyr) residues of β2-tubulin (Y106 and Y340) underwent nitrosylation (Tyr-NO) by endogenously generated NO during cardiomyocyte differentiation from pre-cardiomyocyte-like P19CL6 cells. RESULTS Tyr-NO-β2-tubulin mediated the interaction with Stathmin, which promotes microtubule disassembly, and was prominently observed in spontaneously beating cell clusters and mouse embryonic heart (E11.5d). In myocardial infarction mice, Tyr-NO-β2-tubulin in transplanted cells was closely related with cardiac troponin-T expression with their functional recovery, reduced infarct size and thickened left ventricular wall. CONCLUSION This is the first discovery of a new target molecule of NO, β2-tubulin, that can promote normal cardiac beating and cardiomyocyte regeneration. Taken together, we suggest therapeutic potential of Tyr-NO-β2-tubulin, for ischemic cardiomyocyte, which can reduce unexpected side effect of stem cell transplantation, arrhythmogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Hyeon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ki Kang
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Jung
- AI Drug Platform Center, Syntekabio, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Shin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Ick Park
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maina MB, Al-Hilaly YK, Serpell LC. Dityrosine cross-linking and its potential roles in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1132670. [PMID: 37034163 PMCID: PMC10075315 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1132670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a significant source of damage that accumulates during aging and contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Oxidation of proteins can give rise to covalent links between adjacent tyrosines known as dityrosine (DiY) cross-linking, amongst other modifications, and this observation suggests that DiY could serve as a biomarker of accumulated oxidative stress over the lifespan. Many studies have focused on understanding the contribution of DiY to AD pathogenesis and have revealed that DiY crosslinks can be found in both Aβ and tau deposits - the two key proteins involved in the formation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles, respectively. However, there is no consensus yet in the field on the impact of DiY on Aβ and tau function, aggregation, and toxicity. Here we review the current understanding of the role of DiY on Aβ and tau gathered over the last 20 years since the first observation, and discuss the effect of this modification for Aβ and tau aggregation, and its potential as a biomarker for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud B. Maina
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Science Research and Training Centre, College of Medical Sciences, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Youssra K. Al-Hilaly
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Louise C. Serpell
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Louise C. Serpell,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yeh TY, Liu PH. Inhibition of nitric oxide production enhances the activity of facial nerve tubulin polymerization and the ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly after neurorrhaphy. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105183. [PMID: 34508785 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production promotes rat reconnected facial nerve regeneration. However, the underlying mechanism is obscure. Microtubule assembly is known to be essential to axon regeneration; nevertheless, tubulins and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) have been demonstrated as targets for NO and peroxynitrite. Thus, we hypothesized that NO and/or peroxynitrite may affect facial nerve regeneration via influencing on microtubule assembly. First, tubulins and tau (a MAP) were extracted from facial nerves of normal rats, treated with NO donor or peroxynitrite, and processed for microtubule assembly assay. We found that peroxynitrite, DEA NONOate, and Angeli's salt reduced the tubulin polymerization activity to a greater extent than GSNO, SIN-1, and SNAP. Additionally, SIN-1, peroxynitrite, and Angeli's salt impaired the ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly. Next, nitrosative stress biomarkers 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and S-nitrosylated cysteine (SNO-Cys) were immunolabeled in facial nerves. Both biomarkers were highly upregulated in proximal and distal stumps of reconnected facial nerves at 3 days and 1 week after neurorrhaphy. Notably, the expression of 3-NT was greatly reduced at 2 weeks, whereas that of SNO-Cys was maintained. Conversely, inhibition of NO production with L-NAME prevented the upregulation of SNO-Cys. Further, we used tubulins and tau extracted from facial nerves of sham-operated, nerve suture + vehicle treatment, and nerve suture + L-NAME treatment rats to perform microtubule assembly assay. We found that L-NAME treatment enhanced polymerization activity of tubulins and ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly. It is noteworthy that α-tubulin plays a more important role than β-tubulin since the activity of microtubule assembly using α-tubulin extracted from L-NAME-treated rats was greatly elevated, whereas that using β-tubulin extracted from L-NAME-treated rats was not. Overall, our findings support that inhibition of NO production reduces nitrosative stress, and may thus facilitate microtubule assembly and facial nerve regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Yeh
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan; Master Program in Medical Physiology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kropf E, Fahnestock M. Effects of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species on TrkA Expression and Signalling: Implications for proNGF in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081983. [PMID: 34440751 PMCID: PMC8392605 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its precursor form, proNGF, are critical for neuronal survival and cognitive function. In the brain, proNGF is the only detectable form of NGF. Dysregulation of proNGF in the brain is implicated in age-related memory loss and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is characterized by early and progressive degeneration of the basal forebrain, an area critical for learning, memory, and attention. Learning and memory deficits in AD are associated with loss of proNGF survival signalling and impaired retrograde transport of proNGF to the basal forebrain. ProNGF transport and signalling may be impaired by the increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) observed in the aged and AD brain. The current literature suggests that ROS/RNS nitrate proNGF and reduce the expression of the proNGF receptor tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA), disrupting its downstream survival signalling. ROS/RNS-induced reductions in TrkA expression reduce cell viability, as proNGF loses its neurotrophic function in the absence of TrkA and instead generates apoptotic signalling via the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. ROS/RNS also interfere with kinesin and dynein motor functions, causing transport deficits. ROS/RNS-induced deficits in microtubule motor function and TrkA expression and signalling may contribute to the vulnerability of the basal forebrain in AD. Antioxidant treatments may be beneficial in restoring proNGF signalling and axonal transport and reducing basal forebrain neurodegeneration and related deficits in cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kropf
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada;
| | - Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang WT, Hong SR, He K, Ling K, Shaiv K, Hu J, Lin YC. The Emerging Roles of Axonemal Glutamylation in Regulation of Cilia Architecture and Functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622302. [PMID: 33748109 PMCID: PMC7970040 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia, which either generate coordinated motion or sense environmental cues and transmit corresponding signals to the cell body, are highly conserved hair-like structures that protrude from the cell surface among diverse species. Disruption of ciliary functions leads to numerous human disorders, collectively referred to as ciliopathies. Cilia are mechanically supported by axonemes, which are composed of microtubule doublets. It has been recognized for several decades that tubulins in axonemes undergo glutamylation, a post-translational polymodification, that conjugates glutamic acid chains onto the C-terminal tail of tubulins. However, the physiological roles of axonemal glutamylation were not uncovered until recently. This review will focus on how cells modulate glutamylation on ciliary axonemes and how axonemal glutamylation regulates cilia architecture and functions, as well as its physiological importance in human health. We will also discuss the conventional and emerging new strategies used to manipulate glutamylation in cilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu City, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Rong Hong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu City, Taiwan
| | - Kai He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kun Ling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kritika Shaiv
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu City, Taiwan
| | - JingHua Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Mayo Clinic Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Di Stefano A, Maniscalco M, Balbi B, Ricciardolo FLM. Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Obstructive Lung Diseases of Increasing Severity. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:7149-7158. [PMID: 32496983 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200604165451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between increased oxidative agents and antioxidant defence mechanisms is central in the pathogenesis of obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and COPD. In these patients, there are increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Superoxide anions (O2 -), Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are critical for the formation of further cytotoxic radicals in the bronchi and lung parenchyma. Chronic inflammation, partly induced by oxidative stress, can further increase the oxidant burden through activated phagocytic cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages), particularly in severer disease states. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory genes are, in fact, frequently downregulated in diseased patients. Nrf2, which activates the Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) leading to upregulation of GPx, thiol metabolism-associated detoxifying enzymes (GSTs) and stressresponse genes (HO-1) are all downregulated in animal models and patients with asthma and COPD. An exaggerated production of Nitric Oxide (NO) in the presence of oxidative stress can promote the formation of oxidizing reactive nitrogen species, such as peroxynitrite (ONO2 -), leading to nitration and DNA damage, inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, protein dysfunction, and cell damage in the biological systems. Protein nitration also occurs by activation of myeloperoxidase and H2O2, promoting oxidation of nitrite (NO2 -). There is increased nitrotyrosine and myeloperoxidase in the bronchi of COPD patients, particularly in severe disease. The decreased peroxynitrite inhibitory activity found in induced sputum of COPD patients correlates with pulmonary function. Markers of protein nitration - 3- nitrotyrosine, 3-bromotyrosine, and 3-chlorotyrosine - are increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage of severe asthmatics. Targeting the oxidative, nitrosative stress and associated lung inflammation through the use of either denitration mechanisms or new drug delivery strategies for antioxidant administration could improve the treatment of these chronic disabling obstructive lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Immunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Societa Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Societa Benefit, IRCCS, Telese, Italy
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Immunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Societa Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, AOU, San Luigi, Orbassano, Universita di Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Simultaneous LC-MS/MS-Based Quantification of Free 3-Nitro-l-tyrosine, 3-Chloro-l-tyrosine, and 3-Bromo-l-tyrosine in Plasma of Colorectal Cancer Patients during Early Postoperative Period. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215158. [PMID: 33167555 PMCID: PMC7663926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantification with satisfactory specificity and sensitivity of free 3-Nitro-l-tyrosine (3-NT), 3-Chloro-l-tyrosine (3-CT), and 3-Bromo-l-tyrosine (3-BT) in biological samples as potential inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancer biomarkers is analytically challenging. We aimed at developing a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based method for their simultaneous analysis without an extract purification step by solid-phase extraction. Validation of the developed method yielded the following limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for 3-NT, 3-BT, and 3-CT: 0.030, 0.026, 0.030 ng/mL (LODs) and 0.100, 0.096, 0.098 ng/mL (LOQs). Coefficients of variation for all metabolites and tested concentrations were <10% and accuracy was within 95-105%. Method applicability was tested on colorectal cancer patients during the perioperative period. All metabolites were significantly higher in cancer patients than healthy controls. The 3-NT was significantly lower in advanced cancer and 3-BT showed a similar tendency. Dynamics of 3-BT in the early postoperative period were affected by type of surgery and presence of surgical site infections. In conclusion, a sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of free 3-NT, 3-BT, and 3-CT in human plasma has been developed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Xue L, Zeng Y, Fang C, Cheng W, Li Y. Effect of TTLL12 on tubulin tyrosine nitration as a novel target for screening anticancer drugs in vitro. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:340. [PMID: 33123251 PMCID: PMC7583732 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrotyrosine, a structural analogue of tyrosine, is present in cells in pathological conditions and is incorporated into tubulin to form tubulin tyrosine nitration, which disrupts the normal function of microtubules. There is limited research on the functional aspects of tubulin tyrosine nitration in different types of tumor. In the present study, the effect of tubulin tyrosine nitration and tubulin tyrosine ligase like 12 (TTLL12) on the proliferation of SCC-25 cells was investigated. TTLL12-overexpressing cell lines were constructed and used to assess the effect of tubulin tyrosine nitration and TTLL12 on the proliferation of SCC-25 cells via western blotting, immunofluorescent and MTT assays. An TTLL12-stably overexpressing SCC-25 cell line and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to establish a novel experiment in vitro for screening anticancer drugs targeting tubulin tyrosine nitration by assessing its sensitivity, specificity and repeatability, and using it to find an effective drug. The results demonstrated that the proliferative rate of the control cells was notably inhibited in the presence of nitrotyrosine compared with that of TTLL12-overexpressing cells. The results of the MTT assay revealed that the proliferation of TTLL12-silenced cells was significantly inhibited compared with that of the control group. The sensitivity, specificity and repeatability of the experiment were positive. It was found that nocodazole could have better anticancer effect than paclitaxel. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that TTLL12 enhances SCC-25 cell survival in the presence of nitrotyrosine by disrupting nitration of the tyrosine residues of tubulin, and tubulin tyrosine nitration may be developed for the basic research of anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Fang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Asensio Lopez MDC, Lax A, Hernandez Vicente A, Saura Guillen E, Hernandez-Martinez A, Fernandez Del Palacio MJ, Bayes-Genis A, Pascual Figal DA. Empagliflozin improves post-infarction cardiac remodeling through GTP enzyme cyclohydrolase 1 and irrespective of diabetes status. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13553. [PMID: 32782412 PMCID: PMC7419540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown to prevent heart failure progression, although the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we evaluated the effect of empagliflozin (EMPA, SGLT2i) in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, the interplay with diabetes status and the role of cardiac GTP enzyme cyclohydrolase 1 (cGCH1). A rat model of diabetes (50 mg/kg streptozotocin, i.p.) was subjected to myocardial infarction and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. EMPA therapy significantly improved cardiac remodeling parameters and ameliorated processes of fibrosis and hypertrophy, in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. This cardioprotective effect related with a significant increase in myocardial expression levels of cGCH1, which led to activation of nNOS and eNOS, and inhibition of iNOS, and subsequently resulted in increasing of NO levels and decreasing O2.- and nitrotyrosine levels. These effects were replicated in a cardiomyocyte biomechanical stretching diabetic model, where silencing cGCH1 blocked the preventive effect of EMPA. The beneficial effects were observed irrespective of diabetes status, although the magnitude was greater in presence of diabetes. Empagliflozin improves myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction through overexpression of cGCH1, and irrespective of diabetes status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Carmen Asensio Lopez
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de La Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena S/N, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Lax
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de La Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena S/N, 30120, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alvaro Hernandez Vicente
- Cardiology Department, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Saura Guillen
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Virgen de La Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari German Trías i Puyol, CIBERCV, BadalonaMadrid, Spain
| | - Domingo A Pascual Figal
- Cardiology Department, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Hospital Virgen de la ArrixacaLAIB room 2.52, Avda. Buenavista s/n, 30120, Murcia, Spain. .,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nag TC, Kathpalia P, Wadhwa S. Microtubule alterations may destabilize photoreceptor integrity: Age-related microtubule changes and pattern of expression of MAP-2, Tau and hyperphosphorylated Tau in aging human photoreceptor cells. Exp Eye Res 2020; 198:108153. [PMID: 32710889 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photoreceptor cells undergo changes with aging. It is unknown if their microtubules are stable or not with aging. This study examined photoreceptor cell ultrastructure from 18 human donor retinas (32 eyes; age: 45-94 years) and quantified the photoreceptors with altered microtubules over six to ninth decades in four defined retinal regions. In addition, immunoreactivity (IR) to microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), tau and hyperphophorylated tau was performed in retinal sections from companion eyes. In young donor retinas below 75 years of age, microtubules appeared straight in photoreceptor inner segments and axons. With age, they appeared bent or misaligned in macular and mid-peripheral photoreceptors. In addition, dense granular materials were present in photoreceptor axons and synaptic terminals in advanced ages. In all decades, rod microtubules were affected more than their cone counterparts (28% vs 15%, p < 0.005). Both rods and cones were significantly affected in mid-peripheral retina (5-8 mm outside the macular border) in eighth decade, compared to other decades or retinal regions (parafoveal, perifoveal and nasal) examined (p < 0.005). IR showed a steady expression of MAP-2 in inner segments, and tau in inner segments to axons below 75 years of age, but was absent for both markers in scattered macular and mid-peripheral photoreceptors in advanced ages (>75 years). IR to hyperphosphorylated tau was present mainly in inner retina and increased with aging. Markers of oxidative stress, e.g., lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxy 2-nonenal) and nitrosative stress (nitrotyrosine) were immunopositive in aged photoreceptors. The sporadic loss of MAP-2 and tau-IR in photoreceptors may be due to microtubule changes; all these changes may affect intracellular transport and be partly responsible for photoreceptor death in aged human retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tapas C Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Poorti Kathpalia
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Wadhwa
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Horenberg AL, Houghton AM, Pandey S, Seshadri V, Guilford WH. S-nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 76:243-253. [PMID: 30969482 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide has pronounced effects on cellular functions normally associated with the cytoskeleton, including cell motility, shape, contraction, and mitosis. Protein S-nitrosylation, the covalent addition of a NO group to a cysteine sulfur, is a signaling pathway for nitric oxide that acts in parallel to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), but is poorly studied compared to the latter. There is growing evidence that S-nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins selectively alters their function. We review that evidence, and find that S-nitrosylation of cytoskeletal targets has complementary but distinct effects to cyclic-GMP in motile and contractile cells-promoting cell migration, and biasing muscle contraction toward relaxation. However, the effects of S-nitrosylation on a host of cytoskeletal proteins and functions remains to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Horenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Alisa M Houghton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Saurav Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Vikram Seshadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - William H Guilford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahmad R, Hussain A, Ahsan H. Peroxynitrite: cellular pathology and implications in autoimmunity. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2019; 40:123-138. [PMID: 30843753 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2019.1583109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In inflamed tissues, the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide leads to the formation of an extremely reactive peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which is a well known oxidizing and nitrating agent that exhibits high reactivity at physiological pH. The peroxynitrite formed can attack a wide range of biomolecules via direct oxidative reactions or indirect radical-mediated mechanisms thus triggering cellular responses leading to cell signaling, oxidative injury, committing cells to necrosis or apoptosis. Cellular DNA is an important target for ONOO- attack, and can react with deoxyribose, nucleobases or induces single strand breaks. The free radical-mediated damage to proteins results in the modification of amino acid residues, cross-linking of side chains and fragmentation. Free/protein-bound tyrosines are attacked by various reactive nitrogen species (RNS), including peroxynitrite, to form free/protein-bound nitrotyrosine (NT). The formation of NT represents a specific peroxynitrite-mediated protein modification, and the detection of NT in proteins is considered as a biomarker for endogenous peroxynitrite activity. The peroxynitrite-driven oxidation and nitration of biomolecules may lead to autoimmunity and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, peroxynitrite modified DNA and nitrated proteins can act as neoantigens and lead to the generation of autoantibodies against self-components in autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- a Department of Academic Affairs, College of Medicine , Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University , Dammam , KSA
| | - Ahtesham Hussain
- b Lee's Biotech , Korean Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Voigt J, Malone DFG, Dias J, Leeansyah E, Björkström NK, Ljunggren HG, Gröbe L, Klawonn F, Heyner M, Sandberg JK, Jänsch L. Proteome analysis of human CD56 neg NK cells reveals a homogeneous phenotype surprisingly similar to CD56 dim NK cells. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1456-1469. [PMID: 29999523 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
NK cells lacking CD56 (CD56neg ) were first identified in chronic HIV-1 infection. However, CD56neg NK cells also exist in healthy individuals, albeit in significantly lower numbers. Here, we provide an extensive proteomic characterisation of human CD56neg peripheral blood NK cells of healthy donors and compare them to their CD56dim and CD56bright counterparts. Unbiased large-scale surface receptor profiling clustered CD56neg cells as part of the main NK cell compartment and indicated an overall CD56dim -like phenotype. Total proteome analyses of CD56neg NK cells further confirmed their similarity with CD56dim NK cells, and revealed a complete cytolytic inventory with high levels of perforin and granzyme H and M. In the present study, twelve proteins discriminated CD56neg NK cells from CD56dim NK cells with nine up-regulated and three down-regulated proteins in the CD56neg NK cell population. Those proteins were functionally related to lytic granule composition and transport, interaction with the extracellular matrix, DNA transcription or repair, and proliferation. Corroborating these results, CD56neg NK cells showed modest cytotoxicity, degranulation, and IFN-ɣ secretion as compared to CD56dim NK cells. In conclusion, CD56neg NK cells constitute functionally competent cells sharing many features of bona fide CD56dim NK cells in healthy individuals, but with some distinct characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Voigt
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - David F G Malone
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joana Dias
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lothar Gröbe
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Maxi Heyner
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ferrer-Sueta G, Campolo N, Trujillo M, Bartesaghi S, Carballal S, Romero N, Alvarez B, Radi R. Biochemistry of Peroxynitrite and Protein Tyrosine Nitration. Chem Rev 2018; 118:1338-1408. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Campolo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Madia Trujillo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Silvina Bartesaghi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Romero
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fuseler JW, Valarmathi MT. Nitric Oxide Modulates Postnatal Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:133. [PMID: 27933292 PMCID: PMC5122209 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free-radical gas molecule, which is highly diffusible and can activate a wide range of downstream effectors, with rapid and widespread cellular effects. NO is a versatile signaling mediator with a plethora of cellular functions. For example, NO has been shown to regulate actin, the microfilament, dependent cellular functions, and also acts as a putative stem cell differentiation-inducing agent. In this study, using a wound-healing model of cellular migration, we have explored the effect of exogenous NO on the kinetics of movement and morphological changes in postnatal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cellular migration kinetics and morphological changes of the migrating MSCs were measured in the presence of an NO donor (S-Nitroso-N-Acetyl-D,L-Penicillamine, SNAP), especially, to track the dynamics of single-cell responses. Two experimental conditions were assessed, in which SNAP (200 μM) was applied to the MSCs. In the first experimental group (SN-1), SNAP was applied immediately following wound formation, and migration kinetics were determined for 24 h. In the second experimental group (SN-2), MSCs were pretreated for 7 days with SNAP prior to wound formation and the determination of migration kinetics. The generated displacement curves were further analyzed by non-linear regression analysis. The migration displacement of the controls and NO treated MSCs (SN-1 and SN-2) was best described by a two parameter exponential functions expressing difference constant coefficients. Additionally, changes in the fractal dimension (D) of migrating MSCs were correlated with their displacement kinetics for all the three groups. Overall, these data suggest that NO may evidently function as a stop migration signal by disordering the cytoskeletal elements required for cell movement and proliferation of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mani T Valarmathi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song G, Napoli E, Wong S, Hagerman R, Liu S, Tassone F, Giulivi C. Altered redox mitochondrial biology in the neurodegenerative disorder fragile X-tremor/ataxia syndrome: use of antioxidants in precision medicine. Mol Med 2016; 22:548-559. [PMID: 27385396 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 55-200 expansion of the CGG nucleotide repeat in the 5'-UTR of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) is the hallmark of the triplet nucleotide disease known as the "premutation" as opposed to those with >200 repeats, known as the full mutation or fragile X syndrome. Originally, premutation carriers were thought to be free of phenotypic traits; however, some are diagnosed with emotional and neurocognitive issues and, later in life, with the neurodegenerative disease fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Considering that mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in fibroblasts and post-mortem brain samples from carriers of the premutation, we hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction-derived ROS may result in cumulative oxidative-nitrative damage. Fibroblasts from premutation carriers (n=31, all FXTAS-free except 8), compared to age- and sex-matched controls (n=25), showed increased mitochondrial ROS production, impaired Complex I activity, lower expression of MIA40 (rate-limiting step of the redox-regulated mitochondrial-disulfide-relay-system), increased mtDNA deletions, and increased biomarkers of lipid and protein oxidative-nitrative damage. Most of the outcomes were more pronounced in FXTAS-affected individuals. Significant recovery of mitochondrial mass and/or function was obtained with superoxide or hydroxyl radicals' scavengers, a glutathione peroxidase analog, or by overexpressing MIA40. The effects of ethanol (a hydroxyl radical scavenger) were deleterious, while others (by N-acetyl-cysteine, quercetin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate) were outcome- and/or carrier-specifics. The use of antioxidants in the context of precision medicine is discussed with the goal of improving mitochondrial function in carriers with the potential of decreasing the morbidity and/or delaying FXTAS onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Song
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Sarah Wong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Randi Hagerman
- Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, CA 95817.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento CA 95817
| | - Siming Liu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Flora Tassone
- Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, CA 95817.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616.,Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California Davis, CA 95817
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barisic M, Maiato H. The Tubulin Code: A Navigation System for Chromosomes during Mitosis. Trends Cell Biol 2016; 26:766-775. [PMID: 27344407 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Before chromosomes segregate during mitosis in metazoans, they align at the cell equator by a process known as chromosome congression. This is in part mediated by the coordinated activities of kinetochore motors with opposite directional preferences that transport peripheral chromosomes along distinct spindle microtubule populations. Because spindle microtubules are all made from the same α/β-tubulin heterodimers, a critical longstanding question has been how chromosomes are guided to specific locations during mitosis. This implies the existence of spatial cues/signals on specific spindle microtubules that are read by kinetochore motors on chromosomes and ultimately indicate the way towards the equator. Here, we discuss the emerging concept that tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs), as part of the so-called tubulin code, work as a navigation system for kinetochore-based chromosome motility during early mitosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Barisic
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Division Laboratory, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Helder Maiato
- Chromosome Instability and Dynamics Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Cell Division Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gea J, Pascual S, Casadevall C, Orozco-Levi M, Barreiro E. Muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: update on causes and biological findings. J Thorac Dis 2015; 7:E418-38. [PMID: 26623119 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory and/or limb muscle dysfunction, which are frequently observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, contribute to their disease prognosis irrespective of the lung function. Muscle dysfunction is caused by the interaction of local and systemic factors. The key deleterious etiologic factors are pulmonary hyperinflation for the respiratory muscles and deconditioning secondary to reduced physical activity for limb muscles. Nonetheless, cigarette smoke, systemic inflammation, nutritional abnormalities, exercise, exacerbations, anabolic insufficiency, drugs and comorbidities also seem to play a relevant role. All these factors modify the phenotype of the muscles, through the induction of several biological phenomena in patients with COPD. While respiratory muscles improve their aerobic phenotype (percentage of oxidative fibers, capillarization, mitochondrial density, enzyme activity in the aerobic pathways, etc.), limb muscles exhibit the opposite phenotype. In addition, both muscle groups show oxidative stress, signs of damage and epigenetic changes. However, fiber atrophy, increased number of inflammatory cells, altered regenerative capacity; signs of apoptosis and autophagy, and an imbalance between protein synthesis and breakdown are rather characteristic features of the limb muscles, mostly in patients with reduced body weight. Despite that significant progress has been achieved in the last decades, full elucidation of the specific roles of the target biological mechanisms involved in COPD muscle dysfunction is still required. Such an achievement will be crucial to adequately tackle with this relevant clinical problem of COPD patients in the near-future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Gea
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Pascual
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carme Casadevall
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mauricio Orozco-Levi
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Teng RJ, Wu TJ, Afolayan AJ, Konduri GG. Nitrotyrosine impairs mitochondrial function in fetal lamb pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C80-8. [PMID: 26491046 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitration of both protein-bound and free tyrosine by reactive nitrogen species results in the formation of nitrotyrosine (NT). We previously reported that free NT impairs microtubule polymerization and uncouples endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC). Because microtubules modulate mitochondrial function, we hypothesized that increased NT levels during inflammation and oxidative stress will lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in PAEC. PAEC isolated from fetal lambs were exposed to varying concentrations of free NT. At low concentrations (1-10 μM), NT increased nitration of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) protein subunit complexes I-V and state III oxygen consumption. Higher concentrations of NT (50 μM) caused decreased microtubule acetylation, impaired eNOS interactions with mitochondria, and decreased ETC protein levels. We also observed increases in heat shock protein-90 nitration, mitochondrial superoxide formation, and fragmentation of mitochondria in PAEC. Our data suggest that free NT accumulation may impair microtubule polymerization and exacerbate reactive oxygen species-induced cell damage by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jeng Teng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
| | - Tzong-Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
| | - Adeleye J Afolayan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
| | - Girija G Konduri
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huang CC, Lai CJ, Tsai MH, Wu YC, Chen KT, Jou MJ, Fu PI, Wu CH, Wei IH. Effects of melatonin on the nitric oxide system and protein nitration in the hypobaric hypoxic rat hippocampus. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:61. [PMID: 26443997 PMCID: PMC4594671 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well documented that the nitric oxide (NO) might be directly involved in brain response to hypobaric hypoxia, and could contribute to memory deficiencies. Recent studies have shown that melatonin could attenuate hypoxia or ischemia-induced nerve injuries by decreasing the production of free radicals. The present study, using immunohistochemical and immunoblot methods, aimed to explore whether melatonin treatment may affect the expression of nitric oxide system and protein nitration, and provide neuroprotection in the rat hippocampus injured by hypobaric hypoxia. Prior to hypoxic treatment, adult rats were pretreated with melatonin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) before they were exposed to the altitude chamber with 48 Torr of the partial oxygen concentration (pO2) for 7 h to mimic the ambience of being at 9000 m in height. They were then sacrificed after 0 h, 1, and 3 days of reoxygenation. RESULTS The results obtained from the immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analyses showed that the expressions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitrotyrosine (Ntyr) and Caspase 3 in the hypoxic hippocampus were increased from 0 h to 3 days of reoxygenation. Interestingly, the hypoxia-induced increase of nNOS, eNOS, iNOS, Ntyr and Caspase 3 protein expression was significantly depressed in the hypoxic rats treated with melatonin. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the nitric oxide system and protein nitration constitutes a hippocampal response to hypobaric hypoxia and administration of melatonin could provide new therapeutic avenues to prevent and/or treat the symptoms produced by hypobaric hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jou Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Mang-Hung Tsai
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Chieh Wu
- Department of Nursing, Ching-Kuo Institute of Management and Health, 336, Fu-Hsin Road, Keelung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuang-Ti Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Jia Jou
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I Shou University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Road, Dashu District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-I Fu
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Hsiang Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - I-Hua Wei
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sheldon KL, Gurnev PA, Bezrukov SM, Sackett DL. Tubulin tail sequences and post-translational modifications regulate closure of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26784-9. [PMID: 26306046 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously shown that tubulin dimer interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane protein voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) blocks traffic through the channel and reduces oxidative metabolism and that this requires the unstructured anionic C-terminal tail peptides found on both α- and β-tubulin subunits. It was unclear whether the α- and β-tubulin tails contribute equally to VDAC blockade and what effects might be due to sequence variations in these tail peptides or to tubulin post-translational modifications, which mostly occur on the tails. The nature of the contribution of the tubulin body beyond acting as an anchor for the tails had not been clarified either. Here we present peptide-protein chimeras to address these questions. These constructs allow us to easily combine a tail peptide with different proteins or combine different tail peptides with a particular protein. The results show that a single tail grafted to an inert protein is sufficient to produce channel closure similar to that observed with tubulin. We show that the β-tail is more than an order of magnitude more potent than the α-tail and that the lower α-tail activity is largely due to the presence of a terminal tyrosine. Detyrosination activates the α-tail, and activation is reversed by the removal of the glutamic acid penultimate to the tyrosine. Nitration of tyrosine reverses the tyrosine inhibition of binding and even induces prolonged VDAC closures. Our results demonstrate that small changes in sequence or post-translational modification of the unstructured tails of tubulin result in substantial changes in VDAC closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kely L Sheldon
- From the Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Philip A Gurnev
- From the Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Sergey M Bezrukov
- From the Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Dan L Sackett
- From the Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Comparative analyses of Legionella species identifies genetic features of strains causing Legionnaires' disease. Genome Biol 2015; 15:505. [PMID: 25370836 DOI: 10.1186/preaccept-1086350395137407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Legionella comprises over 60 species. However, L. pneumophila and L. longbeachae alone cause over 95% of Legionnaires’ disease. To identify the genetic bases underlying the different capacities to cause disease we sequenced and compared the genomes of L. micdadei, L. hackeliae and L. fallonii (LLAP10), which are all rarely isolated from humans. RESULTS We show that these Legionella species possess different virulence capacities in amoeba and macrophages, correlating with their occurrence in humans. Our comparative analysis of 11 Legionella genomes belonging to five species reveals highly heterogeneous genome content with over 60% representing species-specific genes; these comprise a complete prophage in L. micdadei, the first ever identified in a Legionella genome. Mobile elements are abundant in Legionella genomes; many encode type IV secretion systems for conjugative transfer, pointing to their importance for adaptation of the genus. The Dot/Icm secretion system is conserved, although the core set of substrates is small, as only 24 out of over 300 described Dot/Icm effector genes are present in all Legionella species. We also identified new eukaryotic motifs including thaumatin, synaptobrevin or clathrin/coatomer adaptine like domains. CONCLUSIONS Legionella genomes are highly dynamic due to a large mobilome mainly comprising type IV secretion systems, while a minority of core substrates is shared among the diverse species. Eukaryotic like proteins and motifs remain a hallmark of the genus Legionella. Key factors such as proteins involved in oxygen binding, iron storage, host membrane transport and certain Dot/Icm substrates are specific features of disease-related strains.
Collapse
|
27
|
Interferon-gamma and nitric oxide synthase 2 mediate the aggregation of resident adherent peritoneal exudate cells: implications for the host response to pathogens. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128301. [PMID: 26029930 PMCID: PMC4452304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (Ifnγ), a key macrophage activating cytokine, plays pleiotropic roles in host immunity. In this study, the ability of Ifnγ to induce the aggregation of resident mouse adherent peritoneal exudate cells (APECs), consisting primarily of macrophages, was investigated. Cell-cell interactions involve adhesion molecules and, upon addition of Ifnγ, CD11b re-localizes preferentially to the sites of interaction on APECs. A functional role of CD11b in enhancing aggregation is demonstrated using Reopro, a blocking reagent, and siRNA to Cd11b. Studies with NG-methyl-L-arginine (LNMA), an inhibitor of Nitric oxide synthase (Nos), NO donors, e.g., S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) or Diethylenetriamine/nitric oxide adduct (DETA/NO), and Nos2-/- mice identified Nitric oxide (NO) induced by Ifnγ as a key regulator of aggregation of APECs. Further studies with Nos2-/- APECs revealed that some Ifnγ responses are independent of NO: induction of MHC class II and CD80. On the other hand, Nos2 derived NO is important for other functions: motility, phagocytosis, morphology and aggregation. Studies with cytoskeleton depolymerizing agents revealed that Ifnγ and NO mediate the cortical stabilization of Actin and Tubulin which contribute to aggregation of APECs. The biological relevance of aggregation of APECs was delineated using infection experiments with Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). APECs from orally infected, but not uninfected, mice produce high amounts of NO and aggregate upon ex vivo culture in a Nos2-dependent manner. Importantly, aggregated APECs induced by Ifnγ contain fewer intracellular S. Typhimurium compared to their single counterparts post infection. Further experiments with LNMA or Reopro revealed that both NO and CD11b are important for aggregation; in addition, NO is bactericidal. Overall, this study elucidates novel roles for Ifnγ and Nos2 in regulating Actin, Tubulin, CD11b, motility and morphology during the aggregation response of APECs. The implications of aggregation or “group behavior” of APECs are discussed in the context of host resistance to infectious organisms.
Collapse
|
28
|
Vitamin A and Retinoids as Mitochondrial Toxicants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:140267. [PMID: 26078802 PMCID: PMC4452429 DOI: 10.1155/2015/140267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its derivatives, the retinoids, are micronutrient necessary for the human diet in order to maintain several cellular functions from human development to adulthood and also through aging. Furthermore, vitamin A and retinoids are utilized pharmacologically in the treatment of some diseases, as, for instance, dermatological disturbances and some types of cancer. In spite of being an essential micronutrient with clinical application, vitamin A exerts several toxic effects regarding redox environment and mitochondrial function. Moreover, decreased life quality and increased mortality rates among vitamin A supplements users have been reported. However, the exact mechanism by which vitamin A elicits its deleterious effects is not clear yet. In this review, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the mechanism of vitamin A-induced toxicity is discussed.
Collapse
|
29
|
Gomez-Valero L, Rusniok C, Rolando M, Neou M, Dervins-Ravault D, Demirtas J, Rouy Z, Moore RJ, Chen H, Petty NK, Jarraud S, Etienne J, Steinert M, Heuner K, Gribaldo S, Médigue C, Glöckner G, Hartland EL, Buchrieser C. Comparative analyses of Legionella species identifies genetic features of strains causing Legionnaires’ disease. Genome Biol 2014. [PMID: 25370836 PMCID: PMC4256840 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-014-0505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genus Legionella comprises over 60 species. However, L. pneumophila and L. longbeachae alone cause over 95% of Legionnaires’ disease. To identify the genetic bases underlying the different capacities to cause disease we sequenced and compared the genomes of L. micdadei, L. hackeliae and L. fallonii (LLAP10), which are all rarely isolated from humans. Results We show that these Legionella species possess different virulence capacities in amoeba and macrophages, correlating with their occurrence in humans. Our comparative analysis of 11 Legionella genomes belonging to five species reveals highly heterogeneous genome content with over 60% representing species-specific genes; these comprise a complete prophage in L. micdadei, the first ever identified in a Legionella genome. Mobile elements are abundant in Legionella genomes; many encode type IV secretion systems for conjugative transfer, pointing to their importance for adaptation of the genus. The Dot/Icm secretion system is conserved, although the core set of substrates is small, as only 24 out of over 300 described Dot/Icm effector genes are present in all Legionella species. We also identified new eukaryotic motifs including thaumatin, synaptobrevin or clathrin/coatomer adaptine like domains. Conclusions Legionella genomes are highly dynamic due to a large mobilome mainly comprising type IV secretion systems, while a minority of core substrates is shared among the diverse species. Eukaryotic like proteins and motifs remain a hallmark of the genus Legionella. Key factors such as proteins involved in oxygen binding, iron storage, host membrane transport and certain Dot/Icm substrates are specific features of disease-related strains. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0505-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chu DK, Jimenez-Saiz R, Verschoor CP, Walker TD, Goncharova S, Llop-Guevara A, Shen P, Gordon ME, Barra NG, Bassett JD, Kong J, Fattouh R, McCoy KD, Bowdish DM, Erjefält JS, Pabst O, Humbles AA, Kolbeck R, Waserman S, Jordana M. Indigenous enteric eosinophils control DCs to initiate a primary Th2 immune response in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1657-72. [PMID: 25071163 PMCID: PMC4113937 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils natively inhabit the small intestine, but a functional role for them there has remained elusive. Here, we show that eosinophil-deficient mice were protected from induction of Th2-mediated peanut food allergy and anaphylaxis, and Th2 priming was restored by reconstitution with il4(+/+) or il4(-/-) eosinophils. Eosinophils controlled CD103(+) dendritic cell (DC) activation and migration from the intestine to draining lymph nodes, events necessary for Th2 priming. Eosinophil activation in vitro and in vivo led to degranulation of eosinophil peroxidase, a granule protein whose enzymatic activity promoted DC activation in mice and humans in vitro, and intestinal and extraintestinal mouse DC activation and mobilization to lymph nodes in vivo. Further, eosinophil peroxidase enhanced responses to ovalbumin seen after immunization. Thus, eosinophils can be critical contributors to the intestinal immune system, and granule-mediated shaping of DC responses can promote both intestinal and extraintestinal adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek K Chu
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Jimenez-Saiz
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Christopher P Verschoor
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Tina D Walker
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Susanna Goncharova
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Alba Llop-Guevara
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Pamela Shen
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Melissa E Gordon
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Nicole G Barra
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jennifer D Bassett
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Joshua Kong
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Ramzi Fattouh
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin (UVCM), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dawn M Bowdish
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jonas S Erjefält
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University Hospital, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alison A Humbles
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MA 20878
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MA 20878
| | - Susan Waserman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Manel Jordana
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Voraphani N, Gladwin MT, Contreras AU, Kaminski N, Tedrow JR, Milosevic J, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Ray A, Ray P, Erzurum SC, Busse WW, Zhao J, Trudeau JB, Wenzel SE. An airway epithelial iNOS-DUOX2-thyroid peroxidase metabolome drives Th1/Th2 nitrative stress in human severe asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:1175-85. [PMID: 24518246 PMCID: PMC4130801 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Severe refractory asthma is associated with enhanced nitrative stress. To determine the mechanisms for high nitrative stress in human severe asthma (SA), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) was compared with Th1 and Th2 cytokine expression. In SA, high 3NT levels were associated with high interferon (IFN)-γ and low interleukin (IL)-13 expression, both of which have been reported to increase inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human airway epithelial cells (HAECs). We found that IL-13 and IFN-γ synergistically enhanced iNOS, nitrite, and 3NT, corresponding with increased H(2)O(2). Catalase inhibited whereas superoxide dismutase enhanced 3NT formation, supporting a critical role for H(2)O(2), but not peroxynitrite, in 3NT generation. Dual oxidase-2 (DUOX2), central to H(2)O(2) formation, was also synergistically induced by IL-13 and IFN-γ. The catalysis of nitrite and H(2)O(2) to nitrogen dioxide radical (NO(2)(•)) requires an endogenous peroxidase in this epithelial cell system. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) was identified by microarray analysis ex vivo as a gene distinguishing HAEC of SA from controls. IFN-γ induced TPO in HAEC and small interfering RNA knockdown decreased nitrated tyrosine residues. Ex vivo, DUOX2, TPO, and iNOS were higher in SA and correlated with 3NT. Thus, a novel iNOS-DUOX2-TPO-NO(2)(•) metabolome drives nitrative stress in HAEC and likely in SA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Voraphani
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - MT Gladwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - AU Contreras
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N Kaminski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - JR Tedrow
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Milosevic
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - ER Bleecker
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - DA Meyers
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - A Ray
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - P Ray
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - SC Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - WW Busse
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Zhao
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - JB Trudeau
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - SE Wenzel
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lipka E, Müller S. Nitrosative stress triggers microtubule reorganization in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:4177-89. [PMID: 24803503 PMCID: PMC4112629 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are essential components of the cytoskeleton and fulfil multiple cellular functions in developmental processes, readily responding to intrinsic and external cues. Nitric oxide signalling is well established in plants, and the MT cytoskeleton is one of its potential targets. To mimic low level nitrosative stress, growth medium was supplemented with 3-nitro-L-tyrosine (NO2-Tyr), a nitrated form of the amino acid tyrosine, and concentration-dependent changes in root growth rate and a reduction in cell division frequencies in Arabidopsis thaliana were observed. In addition, it is reported that exposure to low NO2-Tyr concentrations was not detrimental to plant health and caused subtle and reversible defects. In contrast, growth defects caused by high NO2-Tyr concentrations could not be reversed. Live cell imaging of an MT reporter line revealed that treatment with a low concentration of NO2-Tyr correlated with disorganized cortical MT arrays and associated non-polar cell expansion in the elongation zone. NO2-Tyr treatment antagonized the effects of taxol and oryzalin, further supporting the association of NO2-Tyr with MTs. Furthermore, oblique division plane orientations were observed which were probably induced prior to cytokinesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Lipka
- ZMBP, Developmental Genetics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Müller
- ZMBP, Developmental Genetics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Parker AL, Kavallaris M, McCarroll JA. Microtubules and their role in cellular stress in cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:153. [PMID: 24995158 PMCID: PMC4061531 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are highly dynamic structures, which consist of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers, and are involved in cell movement, intracellular trafficking, and mitosis. In the context of cancer, the tubulin family of proteins is recognized as the target of the tubulin-binding chemotherapeutics, which suppress the dynamics of the mitotic spindle to cause mitotic arrest and cell death. Importantly, changes in microtubule stability and the expression of different tubulin isotypes as well as altered post-translational modifications have been reported for a range of cancers. These changes have been correlated with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in solid and hematological cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations have remained poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that tubulins and microtubule-associated proteins may play a role in a range of cellular stress responses, thus conferring survival advantage to cancer cells. This review will focus on the importance of the microtubule-protein network in regulating critical cellular processes in response to stress. Understanding the role of microtubules in this context may offer novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L Parker
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Joshua A McCarroll
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Khan MA, Dixit K, Moinuddin, Arif Z, Alam K. Studies on peroxynitrite-modified H1 histone: Implications in systemic lupus erythematosus. Biochimie 2014; 97:104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
35
|
Jamaluddin MS, Yan S, Lü J, Liang Z, Yao Q, Chen C. Resistin increases monolayer permeability of human coronary artery endothelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84576. [PMID: 24386395 PMCID: PMC3874001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin has been linked to obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and the development of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, the effects and the molecular mechanisms of resistin on endothelial permeability, a key event in the development of atherosclerosis, inflammation, and vascular disease, are largely unknown. In order to determine the effect of resistin on endothelial permeability, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were treated with clinically relevant concentrations of resistin and the endothelial permeability was measured using the Transwell system with a Texas-Red-labeled dextran tracer. The permeability of HCAEC monolayers treated with resistin (80 ng/mL) was 51% higher than the permeability of control monolayers (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in resistin-treated cells were 37% and 42% lower, respectively, than the corresponding levels in untreated cells. The protein levels of these molecules in resistin-treated cells were significantly reduced by 35% and 37%, respectively (P<0.05), as shown by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic MnTBAP effectively blocked the resistin-mediated reduction of ZO-1 and occludin levels in HCAECs. In addition, superoxide anion production was increased from 21% (untreated cells) to 55% (cells treated with 40 ng/mL resistin), and 64% (resistin, 80 mg/mL) (P<0.05). The natural antioxidant Ginkgolide A effectively inhibited resistin-induced increase in permeability and the increase in superoxide anion production in HCAECs. Furthermore, resistin treatment significantly activated p38 MAPK, but not ERK1/2. Pretreatment of HCAECs with a p38 inhibitor effectively blocked resistin-induced permeability. These results provide new evidence that resistin may contribute to the vascular lesion formation via increasing endothelial permeability through the mechanism of oxidative stress and the activation of p38 MAPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Saha Jamaluddin
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
| | - Shaoyu Yan
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
| | - Jianming Lü
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
| | - Zhengdong Liang
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
| | - Qizhi Yao
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
| | - Changyi Chen
- Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of American
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Rovini A, Gauthier G, Bergès R, Kruczynski A, Braguer D, Honoré S. Anti-migratory effect of vinflunine in endothelial and glioblastoma cells is associated with changes in EB1 C-terminal detyrosinated/tyrosinated status. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65694. [PMID: 23750272 PMCID: PMC3672205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that vinflunine, a microtubule-targeting drug of the Vinca-alkaloid family exerted its anti-angiogenic/anti-migratory activities through an increase in microtubule dynamics and an inhibition of microtubule targeting to adhesion sites. Such effect was associated with a reduction of EB1 comet length at microtubule (+) ends. In this work we first showed that the pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF suppressed microtubule dynamics in living Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs), increased EB1 comet length by 40%, and induced EB1 to bind all along the microtubules, without modifying its expression level. Such microtubule (+) end stabilization occurred close to the plasma membrane in the vicinity of focal adhesion as shown by TIRF microscopy experiments. Vinflunine completely abolished the effect of VEGF on EB1 comets. Interestingly, we found a correlation between the reduction of EB1 comet length by vinflunine and the inhibition of cell migration. By using 2D gel electrophoresis we demonstrated for the first time that EB1 underwent several post-translational modifications in endothelial and tumor cells. Particularly, the C-terminal EEY sequence was poorly detectable in control and VEGF-treated HUVECs suggesting the existence of a non-tyrosinated form of EB1. By using specific antibodies that specifically recognized and discriminated the native tyrosinated form of EB1 and a putative C-terminal detyrosinated form, we showed that a detyrosinated form of EB1 exists in HUVECs and tumor cells. Interestingly, vinflunine decreased the level of the detyrosinated form and increased the native tyrosinated form of EB1. Using 3-L-Nitrotyrosine incorporation experiments, we concluded that the EB1 C-terminal modifications result from a detyrosination/retyrosination cycle as described for tubulin. Altogether, our results show that vinflunine inhibits endothelial cell migration through an alteration of EB1 comet length and EB1 detyrosination/retyrosination cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Rovini
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
| | - Géraldine Gauthier
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Bergès
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
| | - Anna Kruczynski
- Centre de Recherche d'Oncologie Expérimentale, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France
| | - Diane Braguer
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Honoré
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 911, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Timone, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Begara-Morales JC, Chaki M, Sánchez-Calvo B, Mata-Pérez C, Leterrier M, Palma JM, Barroso JB, Corpas FJ. Protein tyrosine nitration in pea roots during development and senescence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:1121-34. [PMID: 23362300 PMCID: PMC3580824 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration is a post-translational modification mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that is associated with nitro-oxidative damage. No information about this process is available in relation to higher plants during development and senescence. Using pea plants at different developmental stages (ranging from 8 to 71 days), tyrosine nitration in the main organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits) was analysed using immunological and proteomic approaches. In the roots of 71-day-old senescent plants, nitroproteome analysis enabled the identification a total of 16 nitrotyrosine-immunopositive proteins. Among the proteins identified, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), an enzyme involved in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism, redox regulation, and responses to oxidative stress, was selected to evaluate the effect of nitration. NADP-ICDH activity fell by 75% during senescence. Analysis showed that peroxynitrite inhibits recombinant cytosolic NADP-ICDH activity through a process of nitration. Of the 12 tyrosines present in this enzyme, mass spectrometric analysis of nitrated recombinant cytosolic NADP-ICDH enabled this study to identify the Tyr392 as exclusively nitrated by peroxynitrite. The data as a whole reveal that protein tyrosine nitration is a nitric oxide-derived PTM prevalent throughout root development and intensifies during senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Begara-Morales
- Group of Molecular Signaling and Antioxidant Systems in Plants, Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ), Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Jaen, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Mounira Chaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18080 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Calvo
- Group of Molecular Signaling and Antioxidant Systems in Plants, Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ), Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Jaen, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Capilla Mata-Pérez
- Group of Molecular Signaling and Antioxidant Systems in Plants, Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ), Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Jaen, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Marina Leterrier
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18080 Granada, Spain
| | - José M. Palma
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18080 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan B. Barroso
- Group of Molecular Signaling and Antioxidant Systems in Plants, Associated Unit to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ), Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Jaen, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18080 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Blume YB, Krasylenko YA, Demchuk OM, Yemets AI. Tubulin tyrosine nitration regulates microtubule organization in plant cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:530. [PMID: 24421781 PMCID: PMC3872735 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During last years, selective tyrosine nitration of plant proteins gains importance as well-recognized pathway of direct nitric oxide (NO) signal transduction. Plant microtubules are one of the intracellular signaling targets for NO, however, the molecular mechanisms of NO signal transduction with the involvement of cytoskeletal proteins remain to be elucidated. Since biochemical evidence of plant α-tubulin tyrosine nitration has been obtained recently, potential role of this posttranslational modification in regulation of microtubules organization in plant cell is estimated in current paper. It was shown that 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NO2-Tyr) induced partially reversible Arabidopsis primary root growth inhibition, alterations of root hairs morphology and organization of microtubules in root cells. It was also revealed that 3-NO2-Tyr intensively decorates such highly dynamic microtubular arrays as preprophase bands, mitotic spindles and phragmoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells under physiological conditions. Moreover, 3D models of the mitotic kinesin-8 complexes with the tail of detyrosinated, tyrosinated and tyrosine nitrated α-tubulin (on C-terminal Tyr 450 residue) from Arabidopsis were reconstructed in silico to investigate the potential influence of tubulin nitrotyrosination on the molecular dynamics of α-tubulin and kinesin-8 interaction. Generally, presented data suggest that plant α-tubulin tyrosine nitration can be considered as its common posttranslational modification, the direct mechanism of NO signal transduction with the participation of microtubules under physiological conditions and one of the hallmarks of the increased microtubule dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav B. Blume
- *Correspondence: Yaroslav B. Blume, Department of Genomics and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Osipovskogo str., 2, Kyiv 04123, Ukraine e-mail:
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mongin AA, Dohare P, Jourd'heuil D. Selective vulnerability of synaptic signaling and metabolism to nitrosative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:992-1012. [PMID: 22339371 PMCID: PMC3411350 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nitric oxide (NO) plays diverse physiological roles in the central nervous system, where it modulates neuronal communication, regulates blood flow, and contributes to the innate immune responses. In a number of brain pathologies, the excessive production of NO also leads to the formation of reactive and toxic intermediates generically termed reactive nitrogen species (RNS). RNS cause irreversible or poorly reversible damage to brain cells. RECENT ADVANCES Recent work in the field focused on the ability of NO and RNS to yield protein modifications, including the S-nitrosation of cysteine residues, which, in many instances, impact cellular functions and viability. CRITICAL ISSUES The vast majority of neuropathological studies focus on the loss of cell viability, but nitrosative stress may also strongly impair the functions of neuronal processes: axonal projections and dendritic trees. The functional integrity of axons and dendrites critically depends on local metabolism and effective delivery of metabolic enzymes and organelles. Here, we summarize the existing literature describing the effects of nitrosative stress on the major pathways of energetic metabolism: glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and mitochondrial respiration, with the emphasis on modifications of protein thiols. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We propose that axons and dendrites are highly vulnerable to nitrosative stress because of their low glycolytic capacity and high dependence on timely delivery of metabolic enzymes and organelles from the cell body. Thus, supplementation with the end products of glycolysis, pyruvate or lactate, may help preserve metabolism in distal neuronal processes and protect or restore synaptic function in the ailing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mongin
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, New York 12208, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adgent MA, Squadrito GL, Ballinger CA, Krzywanski DM, Lancaster JR, Postlethwait EM. Desferrioxamine inhibits protein tyrosine nitration: mechanisms and implications. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:951-61. [PMID: 22705369 PMCID: PMC3462664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Tissues are exposed to exogenous and endogenous nitrogen dioxide ((·)NO(2)), which is the terminal agent in protein tyrosine nitration. Besides iron chelation, the hydroxamic acid (HA) desferrioxamine (DFO) shows multiple functionalities including nitration inhibition. To investigate mechanisms whereby DFO affects 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation, we utilized gas-phase (·)NO(2) exposures, to limit introduction of other reactive species, and a lung surface model wherein red cell membranes (RCM) were immobilized under a defined aqueous film. When RCM were exposed to ()NO(2) covered by +/- DFO: (i) DFO inhibited 3-NT formation more effectively than other HA and non-HA chelators; (ii) 3-NT inhibition occurred at very low[DFO] for prolonged times; and (iii) 3-NT formation was iron independent but inhibition required DFO present. DFO poorly reacted with (·)NO(2) compared to ascorbate, assessed via (·)NO(2) reactive absorption and aqueous-phase oxidation rates, yet limited 3-NT formation at far lower concentrations. DFO also inhibited nitration under aqueous bulk-phase conditions, and inhibited 3-NT generated by active myeloperoxidase "bound" to RCM. Per the above and kinetic analyses suggesting preferential DFO versus (·)NO(2) reaction within membranes, we conclude that DFO inhibits 3-NT formation predominantly by facile repair of the tyrosyl radical intermediate, which prevents (·)NO(2) addition, and thus nitration, and potentially influences biochemical functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. Adgent
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Giuseppe L. Squadrito
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Carol A. Ballinger
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David M. Krzywanski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jack R. Lancaster
- Department of Anesthesiology Department of Physiology & Biophysics School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Edward M. Postlethwait
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Saito Y, Sawa T, Yoshitake J, Ito C, Fujii S, Akaike T, Arimoto H. Nitric oxide promotes recycling of 8-nitro-cGMP, a cytoprotective mediator, into intact cGMP in cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2012; 8:2909-15. [PMID: 22892818 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25189b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
8-Nitro-cGMP is an endogenous nucleotide discovered under inflammation conditions as an important mediator of nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Besides cGMP-like behaviour, 8-nitro-cGMP exerts unique cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress. Although the formation of 8-nitro-cGMP from 8-nitro-GTP has previously been proposed, the mechanism by which excess or unused 8-nitro-cGMP is removed from cells remains unknown. In this study, we report a nitric oxide-dependent cellular conversion of 8-nitro-cGMP to intact cGMP in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In our experiments, we synthesized isotopically labeled 8-nitro-cGMP as a tool for metabolites analysis and identified 8-amino-cGMP as an initial metabolite of 8-nitro-cGMP using a LC-MS/MS technique. We also proved that endogenous 8-nitro-cGMP can be converted into 8-amino-cGMP by immunocytochemical staining with an antibody that specifically recognizes 8-amino-cGMP. Moreover, we showed that isotopically labeled 8-amino-cGMP is metabolized into cGMP under inflammation conditions. We propose that nitrosylation of 8-amino-cGMP occurs by NO formation under stress conditions and gives putative 8-diazonium-cGMP, which subsequently decomposes into cGMP. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report reductive deamination of aminoguanine nucleotide at the C-8 position. The findings of this study collectively indicate that NO plays a crucial role not only in the production of 8-nitro-cGMP but also in its elimination under oxidative stress or inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Saito
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Salvolini E, Buldreghini E, Lucarini G, Vignini A, Di Primio R, Balercia G. Nitric oxide synthase and tyrosine nitration in idiopathic asthenozoospermia: an immunohistochemical study. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:554-60. [PMID: 22244784 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the expression pattern of constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in spermatozoa isolated from normospermic fertile donors and asthenozoospermic infertile patients, by means of immunohistochemistry. Also to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of citrulline, a marker of NOS activity, and nitrotyrosine, which indicates the formation of peroxynitrite, which may affect sperm functionality through its cytotoxic action. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic male infertility center. PATIENT(S) Twenty-nine infertile patients affected by idiopathic asthenozoospermia and 26 age-matched normospermic fertile donors. INTERVENTION(S) Sperm parameters were evaluated, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed in isolated spermatozoa. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Semen analyses, to ascertain volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology. Immunohistochemical expression of NOS isoforms, citrulline, and nitrotyrosine. RESULT(S) Constitutive NOS expression was greater in spermatozoa isolated from normospermic fertile donors. In contrast, the immunohistochemical expression of inducible NOS and nitrotyrosine was higher in asthenozoospermic samples. Our data concerning citrulline indicated enhanced NOS activity in sperm from idiopathic asthenozoospermic patients. CONCLUSION(S) Our results support the hypothesis that increased NOS activity and an excess of tyrosine nitration may affect the functional characteristics of spermatozoa in idiopathic asthenozoospermia.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yemets AI, Krasylenko YA, Lytvyn DI, Sheremet YA, Blume YB. Nitric oxide signalling via cytoskeleton in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 181:545-54. [PMID: 21893251 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) in plant cell mediates processes of growth and development starting from seed germination to pollination, as well as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. However, proper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NO signalling in plants has just begun to emerge. Accumulated evidence suggests that in eukaryotic cells NO regulates functions of proteins by their post-translational modifications, namely tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosylation. Among the candidates for NO-downstream effectors are cytoskeletal proteins because of their involvement in many processes regulated by NO. This review discusses new insights in plant NO signalling focused mainly on the involvement of cytoskeleton components into NO-cascades. Herein, examples of NO-related post-translational modifications of cytoskeletal proteins, and also indirect NO impact, are discussed. Special attention is paid to plant α-tubulin tyrosine nitration as an emerging topic in plant NO research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alla I Yemets
- Department of Genomics and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Osipovskogo Str., 2a, Kyiv 04123, Ukraine.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gomez-Valero L, Rusniok C, Cazalet C, Buchrieser C. Comparative and functional genomics of legionella identified eukaryotic like proteins as key players in host-pathogen interactions. Front Microbiol 2011; 2:208. [PMID: 22059087 PMCID: PMC3203374 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although best known for its ability to cause severe pneumonia in people whose immune defenses are weakened, Legionella pneumophila and Legionella longbeachae are two species of a large genus of bacteria that are ubiquitous in nature, where they parasitize protozoa. Adaptation to the host environment and exploitation of host cell functions are critical for the success of these intracellular pathogens. The establishment and publication of the complete genome sequences of L. pneumophila and L. longbeachae isolates paved the way for major breakthroughs in understanding the biology of these organisms. In this review we present the knowledge gained from the analyses and comparison of the complete genome sequences of different L. pneumophila and L. longbeachae strains. Emphasis is given on putative virulence and Legionella life cycle related functions, such as the identification of an extended array of eukaryotic like proteins, many of which have been shown to modulate host cell functions to the pathogen’s advantage. Surprisingly, many of the eukaryotic domain proteins identified in L. pneumophila as well as many substrates of the Dot/Icm type IV secretion system essential for intracellular replication are different between these two species, although they cause the same disease. Finally, evolutionary aspects regarding the eukaryotic like proteins in Legionella are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gomez-Valero
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate that microgravity affects cell growth and differentiation in many living organisms, and various processes are modified when cells are placed under conditions of weightlessness. However, until now, there is no coherent explanation for these observations, and little information is available concerning the biomolecules involved. Our aim has been to investigate the protein pattern of Xenopus laevis embryos exposed to simulated microgravity during the first 6 days of development. A proteomic approach was applied to compare the protein profiles of Xenopus embryos developed in simulated microgravity and in normal conditions. Attention was focused on embryos that do not present visible malformations in order to investigate if weightlessness has effects at protein level in the absence of macroscopic alterations. The data presented strongly suggest that some of the major components of the cytoskeleton vary in such conditions. Three major findings are described for the first time: (i) the expression of important factors involved in the organization and stabilization of the cytoskeleton, such as Arp (actin-related protein) 3 and stathmin, is heavily affected by microgravity; (ii) the amount of the two major cytoskeletal proteins, actin and tubulin, do not change in such conditions; however, (iii) an increase in the tyrosine nitration of these two proteins can be detected. The data suggest that, in the absence of morphological alterations, simulated microgravity affects the intracellular movement system of cells by altering cytoskeletal proteins heavily involved in the regulation of cytoskeleton remodelling.
Collapse
|
47
|
Lepore G, Gadau S, Peruffo A, Mura A, Mura E, Floris A, Balzano F, Zedda M, Farina V. Aromatase expression in cultured fetal sheep astrocytes after nitrosative/oxidative damage. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 344:407-13. [PMID: 21509460 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase, the enzyme converting androgens into estrogens, is involved in many brain processes such as neural differentiation and plasticity or the prevention of cell death. We have previously observed an increase in aromatase immunoreactivity in sheep neurons exposed in vitro to the oxidant 3-nitro-L: -tyrosine. However, little is known regarding the way that sheep astrocytes cope with nitrosative stress, a condition occurring in sheep in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as scrapie and Maedi-Visna. Our aim has been to evaluate the effects of 3-nitro-L-tyrosine on astrocyte primary cultures from 90-day-old fetal sheep brain. Living cells were observed and characterized by immunofluorescence with a GFAP antibody, which indicated that the majority of the cells were astrocytes. A viability assay was performed on both untreated and treated cells. Reverse transcription with the polymerase chain reaction was undertaken to monitor time- and dose-dependent variations in aromatase gene expression. Stressed astrocytes showed signs of deterioration, were reduced in number, and appeared round with few short processes; the cell death rate was ∼30%. Aromatase expression was detected starting from a 24-h exposure to 1 mM 3-nitro-L-tyrosine and reached the highest levels at 72 h. Thus, oxidative damage probably results in the local production of neuroprotective estradiol by reactive astrocytes via the aromatization of testosterone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Lepore
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jiang Z, Hu Z, Zeng L, Lu W, Zhang H, Li T, Xiao H. The role of the Golgi apparatus in oxidative stress: is this organelle less significant than mitochondria? Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:907-17. [PMID: 21241794 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and ROS/RNS-mediated oxidative stress have well-established roles in many physiological and pathological processes and are associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. It is generally accepted that mitochondria play an essential role in oxidative stress because they are responsible for the primary generation of superoxide radicals. Little attention, however, has been paid to the importance of the Golgi apparatus (GA) in this process. The GA is a pivotal organelle in cell metabolism and participates in modifying, sorting, and packaging macromolecules for cell secretion or use within the cell. It is inevitably involved in the process of oxidative stress, which can cause modification and damage of lipids, proteins, DNA, and other structural constituents. Here we discuss the connections between the GA and oxidative stress and highlight the role of the GA in oxidative stress-related Ca(2+)/Mn(2+) homeostasis, cell apoptosis, sphingolipid metabolism, signal transduction, and antioxidation. We also provide a novel perspective on the subcellular significance of oxidative stress and its pathological implications and present "GA stress" as a new concept to explain the GA-specific stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Aquilano K, Baldelli S, Cardaci S, Rotilio G, Ciriolo MR. Nitric oxide is the primary mediator of cytotoxicity induced by GSH depletion in neuronal cells. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:1043-54. [PMID: 21363890 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.077149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) levels progressively decline during aging and in neurodegenerative disorders. However, the contribution of such event in mediating neuronal cell death is still uncertain. In this report, we show that, in neuroblastoma cells as well as in primary mouse cortical neurons, GSH decrease, induced by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), causes protein nitration, S-nitrosylation and DNA strand breaks. Such alterations are also associated with inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase activity and microtubule network disassembly, which are considered hallmarks of nitric oxide (NO) toxicity. In neuroblastoma cells, BSO treatment also induces cell proliferation arrest through the ERK1/2-p53 pathway that finally results in caspase-independent apoptosis, as evident from the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria towards nuclei. A deeper analysis of the signaling processes indicates that the NO-cGMP pathway is involved in cell proliferation arrest and death. In fact, these events are completely reversed by L-NAME, a specific NO synthase inhibitor, indicating that NO, rather than the depletion of GSH per se, is the primary mediator of cell damage. In addition, the guanylate cyclase (GC) inhibitor LY83583 is able to completely block activation of ERK1/2 and counteract BSO toxicity. In cortical neurons, NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid) treatment results in GSH decrease and BSO-mediated NO cytotoxicity is enhanced by either epidermal growth factor (EGF) or NMDA. These findings support the idea that GSH might represent the most important buffer of NO toxicity in neuronal cells, and indicate that the disruption of cellular redox buffering controlled by GSH makes neuronal cells susceptible to endogenous physiological flux of NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Teng RJ, Wu TJ, Bisig CG, Eis A, Pritchard KA, Konduri GG. Nitrotyrosine impairs angiogenesis and uncouples eNOS activity of pulmonary artery endothelial cells isolated from developing sheep lungs. Pediatr Res 2011; 69:112-7. [PMID: 21057377 PMCID: PMC3086583 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e318204dcb8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infection is known to impair the growth of developing lungs. It is known that plasma free nitrotyrosine (NT) levels can reach 150 μM during sepsis. Free NT incorporates into microtubules and impairs cell function. We hypothesize that free NT perturbs the angiogenic activity of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC) in developing lungs. PAEC from fetal lamb lungs were incubated with NT (1-100 μM). We examined the effects of NT on tube formation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and α-tubulin assembly in PAEC. We assessed superoxide anion (O2) and NO levels in PAEC during NT exposure. Effects of NT on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were examined with respect to eNOS-dimer formation and the association of eNOS chaperone, heat-shock-protein-90 (hsp90). NT decreased tube formation and increased apoptosis in PAEC. NT also decreased NO levels, increased NOS-dependent O2 generation, and promoted α-tubulin depolymerization. Although NT increased eNOS homodimer formation, it decreased the hsp90 association with eNOS. Our data suggest that increased NT formation during sepsis may uncouple eNOS activity and increase oxidative stress. Because NO plays an important role in angiogenesis and vasodilation, these observations suggest a mechanism for the impaired vasodilation and angiogenesis during sepsis in the developing lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jeng Teng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|