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Tang T, Lu T, Li B, Zhou Y, Huang L, Zhang L, Chen Y, Li H. Deletion of vitamin D receptor exacerbated temporomandibular joint pathological changes under abnormal mechanical stimulation. Life Sci 2024; 353:122913. [PMID: 39004274 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Temporomandibular disorder can cause degenerative pathological changes by aseptic inflammation in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Vitamin D (VD) is known for maintaining calcium homeostasis, and recent studies indicated that VD and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are important in inflammatory responses. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory effect of VD-VDR signaling axis in TMJ pathological degeneration. MAIN METHODS Mice ablated for Vdr (Vdr-/-res) were fed with a rescue diet to avoid hypocalcemia. With abnormal mechanical stimulation, unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) induced temporomandibular disorders in mice. Histological staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and micro-CT analysis were performed to evaluate TMJ pathological changes. To identify the mechanisms in the aseptic inflammatory process, in vitro experiments were conducted on wild-type (WT) and Vdr-/- chondrocytes with compressive mechanical stress loading, and the related inflammatory markers were examined. KEY FINDINGS Vdr-/-res mice did not develop rickets with a high calcium rescue diet. The TMJ cartilage thickness in Vdr-/-res mice was significantly decreased with mechanical stress stimulation compared to WT mice. UAC-induced bone resorption was obvious, and the number of osteoclasts significantly increased in Vdr-/-res mice. The proliferation was inhibited and the gene expression of Il1b, Mmp3, and Mmp13 was significantly increased in Vdr-/- chondrocytes. However, WT chondrocytes showed significantly increased Tnfa gene expression as a response to mechanical stress but not in Vdr-/- chondrocytes. SIGNIFICANCE VD-VDR is crucial in TMJ pathological changes under abnormal mechanical stimulation. Deletion of Vdr exacerbated inflammatory response excluding TNFα, inhibited chondrocyte proliferation, and promoted bone resorption in TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baochao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Liu Y, Jia F, Li K, Liang C, Lin X, Geng W, Li Y. Critical signaling molecules in the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis under different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419494. [PMID: 39055494 PMCID: PMC11269110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanical stress environment in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is constantly changing due to daily mandibular movements. Therefore, TMJ tissues, such as condylar cartilage, the synovial membrane and discs, are influenced by different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Moderate mechanical stimulation is beneficial for maintaining homeostasis, whereas abnormal mechanical stimulation leads to degeneration and ultimately contributes to the development of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which involves changes in critical signaling molecules. Under abnormal mechanical stimulation, compensatory molecules may prevent degenerative changes while decompensatory molecules aggravate. In this review, we summarize the critical signaling molecules that are stimulated by moderate or abnormal mechanical loading in TMJ tissues, mainly in condylar cartilage. Furthermore, we classify abnormal mechanical stimulation-induced molecules into compensatory or decompensatory molecules. Our aim is to understand the pathophysiological mechanism of TMJ dysfunction more deeply in the ever-changing mechanical environment, and then provide new ideas for discovering effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets in TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Geng
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxi Li
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Song Y, Zhao Z, Xu L, Huang P, Gao J, Li J, Wang X, Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhao W, Wang L, Zheng C, Gao B, Jiang L, Liu K, Guo Y, Yao X, Duan L. Using an ER-specific optogenetic mechanostimulator to understand the mechanosensitivity of the endoplasmic reticulum. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1396-1409.e5. [PMID: 38569547 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The ability of cells to perceive and respond to mechanical cues is essential for numerous biological activities. Emerging evidence indicates important contributions of organelles to cellular mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction. However, whether and how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) senses and reacts to mechanical forces remains elusive. To fill the knowledge gap, after developing a light-inducible ER-specific mechanostimulator (LIMER), we identify that mechanostimulation of ER elicits a transient, rapid efflux of Ca2+ from ER in monkey kidney COS-7 cells, which is dependent on the cation channels transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1) and polycystin-2 (PKD2) in an additive manner. This ER Ca2+ release can be repeatedly stimulated and tuned by varying the intensity and duration of force application. Moreover, ER-specific mechanostimulation inhibits ER-to-Golgi trafficking. Sustained mechanostimuli increase the levels of binding-immunoglobulin protein (BiP) expression and phosphorylated eIF2α, two markers for ER stress. Our results provide direct evidence for ER mechanosensitivity and tight mechanoregulation of ER functions, placing ER as an important player on the intricate map of cellular mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Linyu Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Peiyuan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jiayang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingxuan Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Likun Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chaogu Zheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liting Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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Xu T, Shuai J, Gu Z, Wu M. Salubrinal alleviates cartilage degradation in a rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis model. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2453-2462. [PMID: 37660361 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and explain the beneficial effects of local intra-articular injection of Salubrinal on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) using a rabbit model of anterior disc displacement (ADD). METHODS Rabbits were divided and subjected to surgical ADD. Salubrinal was administered by intra-articular injection in the TMJ every other day for 2 and 4 weeks after operation. Histological examination and TUNEL staining were then performed. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis were employed to evaluate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related markers, catabolic factors, extracellular matrix proteins, inflammatory factors, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. RESULTS In the ADD groups, we found that Salubrinal partly reversed condylar cartilage deterioration according to the histological analysis. Salubrinal reduced chondrocytes apoptosis while increased matrix components including Collagen II and Aggrecan. Meanwhile, Salubrinal downregulated the catabolic expression of MMP13, ADAMTS5, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-1β. We also observed that Salubrinal inhibited ER stress activation by reducing the expression of GRP78, CHOP, ATF4, and Caspase-12. Additionally, Salubrinal suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB. CONCLUSION These results indicate that Salubrinal alleviates cartilage degradation following ADD, suggesting that intra-articular injection of Salubrinal is a potential therapeutic approach for preventing TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Shuai
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Chen G, Li Y, Zhang H, Xie H. [Role of Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels in the osteoarticular system]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2024; 38:240-248. [PMID: 38385239 PMCID: PMC10882244 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202310092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the role of Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels in the osteoarticular system, in order to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Extensive literature review was conducted to summarize the structural characteristics, gating mechanisms, activators and blockers of Piezo ion channels, as well as their roles in the osteoarticular systems. Results The osteoarticular system is the main load-bearing and motor tissue of the body, and its ability to perceive and respond to mechanical stimuli is one of the guarantees for maintaining normal physiological functions of bones and joints. The occurrence and development of many osteoarticular diseases are closely related to abnormal mechanical loads. At present, research shows that Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels differentiate towards osteogenesis by responding to stretching stimuli and regulating cellular Ca 2+ influx signals; and it affects the proliferation and migration of osteoblasts, maintaining bone homeostasis through cellular communication between osteoblasts-osteoclasts. Meanwhile, Piezo1 protein can indirectly participate in regulating the formation and activity of osteoclasts through its host cells, thereby regulating the process of bone remodeling. During mechanical stimulation, the Piezo1 ion channel maintains bone homeostasis by regulating the expressions of Akt and Wnt1 signaling pathways. The sensitivity of Piezo1/2 ion channels to high strain mechanical signals, as well as the increased sensitivity of Piezo1 ion channels to mechanical transduction mediated by Ca 2+ influx and inflammatory signals in chondrocytes, is expected to become a new entry point for targeted prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis. But the specific way mechanical stimuli regulate the physiological/pathological processes of bones and joints still needs to be clarified. Conclusion Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels give the osteoarticular system with important abilities to perceive and respond to mechanical stress, playing a crucial mechanical sensing role in its cellular fate, bone development, and maintenance of bone and cartilage homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yaxing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
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Xu M, Fang L, Xue Q, Zhang X, He Y. The Nrf2 Pathway Alleviates Overloading Force-Induced TMJ Degeneration by Downregulating Oxidative Stress Reactions. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5601-5612. [PMID: 38046402 PMCID: PMC10691432 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s434799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress is involved in the mechanisms associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial oxidative stress marker, but the specific mechanisms of its regulation in the early stages of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) degeneration remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory role of Nrf2 and its related oxidative stress signaling pathway in the early stage of MCC degeneration. Materials and Methods Overloading force-induced MCC degeneration was performed in wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice, as well as in mice after treatment with the Nrf2 activator cardamonin. Changes in MCC degeneration and the expression of oxidative stress markers in the corresponding situations were observed. Results Nrf2 and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression were elevated during early MCC degeneration induced by an overloading force. MCC degeneration was aggravated when Nrf2 was knocked out, accompanied by increased NOX2 and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression. The MCC degeneration process was alleviated after cardamonin treatment, with activation of the Nrf2 pathway and decreased NOX2 and SOD2 expression. Conclusion Early MCC degeneration is accompanied by mild oxidative stress progression. Activated Nrf2 and related pathways could alleviate the degeneration of MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingli Fang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Xue
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Yan M, Zhang Y, Niu W, Liu K, Xue L, Zhou K. Reactive oxygen species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to osteocyte death induced by orthodontic compressive force. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1529-1541. [PMID: 37382312 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), osteocytes, the most mechanosensitive cells in alveolar bone, suffer the heavy orthodontic force and initiate alveolar bone resorption on the compression side. However, the inherent mechanisms of compressive force-induced osteocyte death are not fully understood. In this study, we established an OTM model on Sprague-Dawley rats by inserting coil springs to investigate osteocyte damage on the compression side of alveolar bone. We then applied compressive force on the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cell line in vitro to explore whether the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway is involved in compressive force-induced osteocyte death. We found that the orthodontic force caused apparent alveolar bone loss, osteocyte death, and elevated serum sclerostin and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) levels in rats. In vitro, compressive force inhibited cell viability but increased the LDH leakage and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MLO-Y4 cells. Simultaneously, it activated protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), and their downstream pro-apoptotic ERS signaling proteins and caused significant osteocyte apoptosis, which can be blocked by ERS inhibitor salubrinal. Moreover, the compressive force elevated intracellular ROS levels, while the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) alleviated ERS and apoptosis in loaded osteocytes. These results suggest that the orthodontic compressive force induced osteocyte apoptosis via the ROS-mediated ERS pathway. This study first proposes the ERS pathway as a new potential pathway for regulating the rate of OTM based on osteocyte death. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The orthodontic force increases osteocyte death in rat alveolar bone. The compressive force causes osteocyte apoptosis by the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway in vitro. The ROS scavenger NAC blocked compressive force-induced ERS and osteocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanting Niu
- Department of STEM, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kezhou Liu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Xue
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Zhou
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Lin S, Huang Z, Zhang C, Wang H, Li B, Li H. Receptor-interacting protein 1 inhibition prevents mechanical stress-induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by regulating apoptosis and later-stage necroptosis of chondrocytes. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 147:105612. [PMID: 36603515 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that has multiple causes. The abnormal stress distribution is known to be an important trigger of TMJ OA. This article explored the pathological changes of the condylar cartilage under 60 g mechanical force and whether the inhibition of Receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) can protect stress-induced TMJ OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used a compressive mechanical force-induced-TMJ OA model and Lenti-virus targeting RIP1 to perform this study. A total of 72 male rats were used in the animal experiment. Each rat was injected with a negative control Lenti-shRNA in the right TMJ and Lenti-siRIP1 in the left TMJ and euthanized after 4 and 7 days, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, Tunnel staining and Micro-CT were used to detect cartilage pathological changes and one way ANOVA with LSD analysis was used to determine statistical significance between groups. RESULTS The results identified the characteristics of the spatio-temporal changes in stress-induced TMJ OA. Under mechanical force, inflammation and apoptosis, which occur in the whole layer of mandibular cartilage, appear on the 4th day and persist till the 7th day. Necroptosis arises in the later stage of mechanical force and is mainly located in the transition layer. RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus could protect stress-induced mandibular cartilage thinning by inhibiting persisted apoptosis and later-stage necroptosis in the transition layer. CONCLUSIONS RIP1 plays an essential role in the destruction of mandibular cartilage under mechanical force. RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus could protect mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baochao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: Pathogenic Mechanisms Involving the Cartilage and Subchondral Bone, and Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Joint Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010171. [PMID: 36613615 PMCID: PMC9820477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a specialized synovial joint that is crucial for the movement and function of the jaw. TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is the result of disc dislocation, trauma, functional overburden, and developmental anomalies. TMJ OA affects all joint structures, including the articular cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, capsule, ligaments, periarticular muscles, and sensory nerves that innervate the tissues. The present review aimed to illustrate the main pathomechanisms involving cartilage and bone changes in TMJ OA and some therapeutic options that have shown potential restorative properties regarding these joint structures in vivo. Chondrocyte loss, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and subchondral bone remodeling are important factors in TMJ OA. The subchondral bone actively participates in TMJ OA through an abnormal bone remodeling initially characterized by a loss of bone mass, followed by reparative mechanisms that lead to stiffness and thickening of the condylar osteochondral interface. In recent years, such therapies as intraarticular platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid (HA), and mesenchymal stem cell-based treatment (MSCs) have shown promising results with respect to the regeneration of joint structures or the protection against further damage in TMJ OA. Nevertheless, PRP and MSCs are more frequently associated with cartilage and/or bone repair than HA. According to recent findings, the latter could enhance the restorative potential of other therapies (PRP, MSCs) when used in combination, rather than repair TMJ structures by itself. TMJ OA is a complex disease in which degenerative changes in the cartilage and bone develop through intricate mechanisms. The regenerative potential of such therapies as PRP, MSCs, and HA regarding the cartilage and subchondral bone (alone or in various combinations) in TMJ OA remains a matter of further research, with studies sometimes obtaining discrepant results.
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Ren D, Liu R, Yan X, Zhang Q, Zeng X, Yuan X. Intensive stretch-activated CRT-PMCA1 feedback loop promoted apoptosis of myoblasts through Ca 2+ overloading. Apoptosis 2022; 27:929-945. [PMID: 35976579 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stretch exerted pro-apoptotic effect on myoblasts, the mechanism of which is currently unknown. Intracellular Ca2+ accumulation has been implicated in stretch-induced apoptosis. calreticulin (CRT) and plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting ATPase 1 (PMCA1) are two critical components of Ca2+ signaling system participating in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. In this study, we explored the contribution of CRT and PMCA1 in mediating stretch-induced Ca2+ accumulation and apoptosis of myoblasts. Stretching stimuli elevated level of CRT while inhibited activity of PMCA1. Moreover, there were bidirectional regulations between CRT and PMCA1, which formed the positive feedback loop leading to continuous increment of CRT level and repression of PMCA1 activity, in stretched myoblasts. Specifically, increased CRT level inhibited PMCA1 activity via suppressing Calmodulin (CaM), while reduced PMCA1 activity promoted CRT expression through activating p38MAPK pathway. Thus, the CRT-CaM-PMCA1 and PMCA1-p38MAPK-CRT pathways constituted a close cycle comprising CRT, PMCA1, CaM and p38MAPK. Inhibition of both CaM and p38MAPK affected the other three factors in stretched myoblasts. Circulation of the vicious cycle resulted in escalated Ca2+ overloading in myoblasts under continuous stretching stimuli. CRT knock-down, PMCA1 overexpression, and p38MAPK inhibition all attenuated the raised intracellular Ca2+ level and ameliorated myoblast apoptosis in the stretching environment. Conversely, CRT overexpression, PMCA1 knock-down, and CaM inhibition all aggravated stretch-induced Ca2+ overloading and myoblast apoptosis. A positive feedback loop between CRT and PMCA1 was activated in stretched myoblasts, which contributed to intracellular Ca2+ accumulation and resultant myoblast apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Ren
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuemin Zeng
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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11
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Yu X, Xu X, Dong W, Yang C, Luo Y, He Y, Jiang C, Wu Y, Wang J. DDIT3/CHOP mediates the inhibitory effect of ER stress on chondrocyte differentiation by AMPKα-SIRT1 pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119265. [PMID: 35381294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an evolutionarily conserved cellular stress response related to multiple diseases, including temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage-related diseases. Recent studies have indicated that DDIT3/CHOP (a downstream transcription factor of ER stress) is an important effector in mediating ER stress to inhibit chondrogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism by which DDIT3 regulates chondrogenesis remains unclear. In this study, tunicamycin (an ER stress agonist)-induced ER stress inhibited chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis in vitro and led to an osteoarthritis-like phenotype in mouse TMJ cartilage. Meanwhile, DDIT3 expression in chondrocytes was robustly upregulated. Loss-of-function experiments validated the inhibiting effect of DDIT3 on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis. Mechanistically, the inhibiting effect was attributed to the direct and indirect regulatory effect of DDIT3 on SIRT1 (sirtuin1, silent mating type information regulation protein type 1, a member of NAD+ dependent class III histone deacetylases). On one hand, DDIT3 directly promoted the transcription of SIRT1. On the other hand, DDIT3 indirectly increased the expression of SIRT1 by promoting AMPKα phosphorylation and activation. Furthermore, activation of AMPKα or SIRT1 with the corresponding agonist AICAR or resveratrol in the DDIT3-knockdown cells partially restored the inhibiting effect of DDIT3 on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis. Collectively, these novel findings indicate that DDIT3 regulates the inhibitory effect of ER stress on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis partially via the AMPKα-SIRT1 pathway. A thorough understanding of ER stress in regulating chondrocyte homeostasis and its role in the onset of osteoarthritis may be promising to develop therapeutic targets and prevent condyle cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijie Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wei Dong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Ying He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chenxi Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China; Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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12
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Zhu C, Li R, Yuan L, Zheng Y, Jin Y, Li H, Liu C, Xia L, Fang B. Effects of the advanced mandibular spring on mandibular retrognathia treatment: a three-dimensional finite element study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:271. [PMID: 35790937 PMCID: PMC9254520 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Advanced Mandibular Spring (AMS) was newly developed as a dentofacial orthopedic appliance in conjunctive use of clear aligners to treat Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrognathia in adolescents. This study aimed to launch a biomechanical assessment and evaluate whether the stress patterns generated by AMS promote mandibular growth. Methods A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed using images of CBCT and spiral CT. The model consisted of craniomaxillofacial bones, articular discs, retrodiscal elastic stratum, masticatory muscle, teeth, periodontal ligament, aligner and AMS. Mechanical effects were analyzed in three types of models: mandibular postural position, mandibular advancement with AMS, and mandibular advancement with only muscular force. Results The stress generated by AMS was distributed to all teeth and periodontal ligament, pushing mandibular teeth forward and maxillary teeth backward. In the temporomandibular joint area, the pressure in the superior and posterior aspects of the condyle was reduced, which conformed to the stress pattern promoting condylar and mandibular growth. Stress distribution became even in the anterior aspect of the condyle and the articular disc. Significant tensile stress was generated in the posterior aspect of the glenoid fossa, which conformed to the stress pattern stimulating the remodeling of the fossa. Conclusions AMS created a favorable biomechanical environment for treating mandibular retrognathia in adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02308-w.
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Zhao Y, An Y, Zhou L, Wu F, Wu G, Wang J, Chen L. Animal Models of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: Classification and Selection. Front Physiol 2022; 13:859517. [PMID: 35574432 PMCID: PMC9095932 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.859517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common degenerative joint disease that can cause severe pain and dysfunction. It has a serious impact on the quality of lives of patients. Since mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of TMJOA is not fully understood, the development of effective tools for early diagnosis and disease-modifying therapies has been hindered. Animal models play a key role in understanding the pathological process of diseases and evaluating new therapeutic interventions. Although some similarities in disease processes between animals and humans are known, no one animal model is sufficient for studying all characteristics of TMJOA, as each model has different translatability to human clinical conditions. For the past 4 decades, TMJOA animal models have been studied by numerous researchers and can be broadly divided into induced, naturally occurring, and genetically modified models. The induced models can be divided into invasive models (intra-articular injection and surgical induction) or non-invasive models (mechanical loading, high-fat diet, and sleep deprivation). Different types of animal models simulate different pathological expressions of TMJOA and have their unique characteristics. Currently, mice, rats, and rabbits are commonly used in the study of TMJOA. This review sought to provide a general description of current experimental models of TMJOA and assist researchers in selecting the most appropriate models for different kinds of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application & Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yanxin An
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Libo Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application & Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application & Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Gaoyi Wu
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application & Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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14
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Xu M, Zhang X, He Y. An updated view on Temporomandibular Joint degeneration: insights from the cell subsets of mandibular condylar cartilage. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:445-459. [PMID: 35044232 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which causes joint dysfunction, indicates the need for more effective methods for treatment and repair. Mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC), a typical fibrocartilage that experiences degenerative changes during the development of TMJOA, has become a research focus and therapeutic target in recent years. MCC is composed of four zones of cells at various stages of differentiation. The cell subsets in MCC exhibit different physiological and pathological characteristics during development and in TMJOA. Most studies of TMJOA are mainly concerned with gene regulation of pathological changes. The corresponding treatment targets with specific cell subsets in MCC may provide more accurate and reliable results for cartilage repair and TMJOA treatment. In this review, we summarized the current research progress on the cell subsets of MCC from the perspective of MCC development and degeneration. We hope to provide a reference for further exploration of the pathological process of TMJOA and improvement of TMJOA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Xu
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, Chongqing, China;
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, Chongqing, China;
| | - Yao He
- Chongqing Medical University, 12550, Chongqing, China, 400016;
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15
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Lu K, Ma F, Yi D, Yu H, Tong L, Chen D. Molecular signaling in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Orthop Translat 2022; 32:21-27. [PMID: 35591935 PMCID: PMC9072795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of TMJ disorders with clinical symptoms of pain, movement limitation, cartilage degeneration and joint dysfunction. This review article is aiming to summarize recent findings on signaling pathways involved in TMJ OA development and progression. Methods Most recent findings in TMJ OA studies have been reviewed and cited. Results TMJ OA is caused by inflammation, abnormal mechanical loading and genetic abnormalities. The molecular mechanisms related to TMJ OA have been determined using different genetic mouse models. Recent studies demonstrated that several signaling pathways are involved in TMJ OA pathology, including Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and BMP, Indian Hedgehog, FGF, NF-κB, and Notch pathways, which are summarized in this review article. Alterations of these signaling pathways lead to the pathological changes in TMJ tissues, affecting cartilage matrix degradation, catabolic metabolism and chondrocyte apoptosis. Conclusion Multiple signaling pathways were involved in the pathological process of TMJ OA. New therapeutic strategies, such as stem cell application, gene editing and other techniques may be utilized for TMJ OA treatment. The translational potential of this article TMJ OA is a most important subtype of TMJ disorders and may lead to substantial joint pain, dysfunction, dental malocclusion, and reduced health-related quality of life. This review article summarized current findings of signaling pathways involved in TMJ OA, including Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and BMP, Indian Hedgehog, FGF, NF-κB, and Notch pathways, to better understand the pathological mechanisms of TMJ OA and define the molecular targets for TMJ OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Feng Ma
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Faculty of Medicine Pitié-Salpétrière, Sorbonne University, 91, bd de l’Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Dan Yi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liping Tong
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Di Chen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China.
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16
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Ootake T, Ishii T, Sueishi K, Watanabe A, Ishizuka Y, Amano K, Nagao M, Nishimura K, Nishii Y. Effects of mechanical stress and deficiency of dihydrotestosterone or 17β-estradiol on Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis in mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1575-1589. [PMID: 34500105 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe and analyze the interaction between excessive mechanical stress (MS) and decreased sex hormones on Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA), and to discover TMJ-OA disease susceptibility genes by molecular biological analysis to elucidate part of the mechanism of TMJ-OA onset. DESIGN For experimental groups, orchiectomy (ORX) or ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on sexually mature 8-week-old mice. A metal plate was attached to the posterior surface of the maxillary incisors to apply excessive MS on mandibular condyles. Male mice were divided into control, ORX, MS, and ORX + MS groups, while female mice were divided into control, OVX, MS, and OVX + MS groups. Mandibular condyles were evaluated by histology and molecular biology. RESULTS Histomorphometric analysis of the TMJ in ORX + MS and OVX + MS groups revealed the thinnest chondrocyte layers, highest modified Mankin scores, and significant increases in the number of osteoclasts. Gene expression analysis indicated upregulation of Angptl7 and Car1 genes in the mandibular condyles of mice subjected to the combined effects of excessive MS and reduced sex hormones. In vitro analysis suggested that cartilage-like cells overexpressing Angptl7 enhanced calcification, and osteoblast-like cells overexpression Car1 suppressed cell proliferation and calcification. CONCLUSIONS A severe TMJ-OA mouse model was successfully developed by applying excessive MS on the mandibular condyle of male and female mice with reduced sex hormones. Disease-susceptibility genes Angptl7 and Car1 were newly discovered in the experimental groups, suggesting their involvement in the onset mechanism of TMJ-OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ootake
- Department of Orthodontics (Suidobashi Hospital), Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- Department of Orthodontics (Suidobashi Hospital), Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
| | - K Sueishi
- Department of Orthodontics (Suidobashi Hospital), Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - A Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Y Ishizuka
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - K Amano
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nagao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - K Nishimura
- Clinics for Maxillo-Oral Disorders, Dental Center, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Y Nishii
- Department of Orthodontics (Suidobashi Hospital), Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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Calreticulin silencing inhibits extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on three-dimensional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds by inhibiting the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signalling pathway. Ann Anat 2021; 239:151820. [PMID: 34411706 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The retraction and compression of gingival tissue have a significant impact on the efficiency and stability of orthodontic treatment, but the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on the expression level of calreticulin (CRT), the activity of the calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) 3 signalling pathway, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on three-dimensional (3D) poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds and to further explore the mechanical transduction pathways that may be involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mechanical force of 25 g/cm2 was applied to HGFs for 0, 6, 24, 48, or 72 h. The expression of CRT, CaN, NFAT3, phosphorylated NFAT3 (p-NFAT3) and type I collagen (COL-I) were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Subsequently, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down the expression of CRT in HGFs, and the impacts of the applied force on the expression levels of CaN, NFAT3, p-NFAT3, and COL-I were also evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The application of mechanical force on HGFs cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds led to a significant increases in CRT, CaN, and COL-I expression as well as a decrease in p-NFAT3 expression. However, the effects of mechanical force on CaN, p-NFAT3, and COL-I expression were reversed following downregulation of CRT and displayed a significant decrease in CaN/NFAT3 activity and COL-I synthesis. CONCLUSION This study showed that the CaN/NFAT3 signalling pathway and CRT appear to be involved in the mechanotransduction of HGFs, and downregulation of CRT inhibits COL-I synthesis potentially via the CaN/NFAT3 signalling pathway. Taken together, these findings ultimately provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying mechanical force-induced ECM synthesis, which may be conducive to the development of targeted therapeutics to treat fibrotic diseases, including gingival fibrosis caused by orthodontic treatment.
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Yoshikawa Y, Izawa T, Hamada Y, Takenaga H, Wang Z, Ishimaru N, Kamioka H. Roles for B[a]P and FICZ in subchondral bone metabolism and experimental temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via the AhR/Cyp1a1 signaling axis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14927. [PMID: 34290363 PMCID: PMC8295293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss due to smoking represents a major risk factor for fractures and bone osteoporosis. Signaling through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its ligands contributes to both bone homeostasis and inflammatory diseases. It remains unclear whether the same AhR signaling axis affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim of this study was to investigate possible mechanisms which mediate bone loss in the TMJ due to smoking. In particular, whether benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a carcinogen of tobacco smoke, induces expression of the AhR target gene, Cyp1a1, in mandibular condyles. Possible functions of an endogenous ligand of FICZ, were also investigated in a TMJ-osteoarthritis (OA) mouse model. B[a]P was administered orally to wild-type and AhR-/- mice and bone metabolism was subsequently examined. TMJ-OA was induced in wild-type mice with forceful opening of the mouth. Therapeutic functions of FICZ were detected with μCT and histology. Exposure to B[a]P accelerated bone loss in the mandibular subchondral bone. This bone loss manifested with osteoclastic bone resorption and upregulated expression of Cyp1a1 in an AhR-dependent manner. In a mouse model of TMJ-OA, FICZ exhibited a dose-dependent rescue of mandibular subchondral bone loss by repressing osteoclast activity. Meanwhile, in vitro, pre-treatment with FICZ reduced RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. B[a]P regulates mandibular subchondral bone metabolism via the Cyp1a1. The AhR ligand, FICZ, can prevent TMJ-OA by regulating osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
| | - Yusaku Hamada
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Hiroko Takenaga
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamioka
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
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Hecht JT, Veerisetty AC, Wu J, Coustry F, Hossain MG, Chiu F, Gannon FH, Posey KL. Primary Osteoarthritis Early Joint Degeneration Induced by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Is Mitigated by Resveratrol. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1624-1637. [PMID: 34116024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of people are living with osteoarthritis (OA) due to aging and obesity, creating an urgent need for effective treatment and preventions. Two top risk factors for OA, age and obesity, are associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The I-ERS mouse, an ER stress-driven model of primary OA, was developed to study the role of ER stress in primary OA susceptibility. The I-ERS mouse has the unique ability to induce ER stress in healthy adult articular chondrocytes and cartilage, driving joint degeneration that mimics early primary OA. In this study, ER stress-induced damage occurred gradually and stimulated joint degeneration with OA characteristics including increased matrix metalloproteinase activity, inflammation, senescence, chondrocyte death, decreased proteoglycans, autophagy block, and gait dysfunction. Consistent with human OA, intense exercise hastened and increased the level of ER stress-induced joint damage. Notably, loss of a critical ER stress response protein (CHOP) largely ameliorated ER stress-stimulated OA outcomes including preserving proteoglycan content, reducing inflammation, and relieving autophagy block. Resveratrol diminished ER stress-induced joint degeneration by decreasing CHOP, TNFα, IL-1β, MMP-13, pS6, number of TUNEL-positive chondrocytes, and senescence marker p16 INK4a. The finding, that a dietary supplement can prevent ER stressed-induced joint degeneration in mice, provides a preclinical foundation to potentially develop a prevention strategy for those at high risk to develop OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas; McGovern Medical School, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Alka C Veerisetty
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Juliana Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Francoise Coustry
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Mohammad G Hossain
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Frankie Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Francis H Gannon
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology and Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen L Posey
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas.
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20
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Xiang T, Tao ZY, Liao LF, Wang S, Cao DY. Animal Models of Temporomandibular Disorder. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1415-1430. [PMID: 34079358 PMCID: PMC8166243 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s303536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of diseases in the oral and maxillofacial region that can manifest as acute or chronic persistent pain, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although hundreds of studies have explored mechanisms and treatments underlying TMD, multiple pathogenic factors and diverse clinical manifestations make it still poorly managed. Appropriate animal models are helpful to study the pathogenesis of TMD and explore effective treatment measures. At present, due to the high cost of obtaining large animals, rodents and rabbits are often used to prepare TMD animal models. Over the past decade, various animal models have been intensively developed to understand neurobiological and molecular mechanisms of TMD, and seek effective treatments. Although these models cannot carry out all clinical features, they are valuable in revealing the mechanisms of TMD and creating curative access. Currently, there are multitudinous animal models of TMD research. They can be constructed in different means and summarized into four ways according to the various causes and symptoms, including chemical induction (intra-articular injection of ovalbumin, collagenase, formalin, vascular endothelial growth factor, intramuscular injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant, etc.), mechanical stress stimulation (passive mouth opening, change of chewing load), surgical operation (partial disc resection, joint disc perforation) and psychological stress induction. Here, we summarize and discuss different approaches of animal models for determining neurophysiological and mechanical mechanisms of TMD and assess their advantages and limitations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Fan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
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21
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Li B, Guan G, Mei L, Jiao K, Li H. Pathological mechanism of chondrocytes and the surrounding environment during osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4902-4911. [PMID: 33949768 PMCID: PMC8178251 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease of the TMJ. In order to explore its aetiology and pathological mechanism, many animal models and cell models have been constructed to simulate the pathological process of TMJ osteoarthritis. The main pathological features of TMJ osteoarthritis include chondrocyte death, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and subchondral bone remodelling. Chondrocyte apoptosis accelerates the destruction of cartilage. However, autophagy has a protective effect on condylar chondrocytes. Degradation of ECM not only changes the properties of cartilage but also affects the phenotype of chondrocytes. The loss of subchondral bone in the early stages of TMJ osteoarthritis plays an aetiological role in the onset of osteoarthritis. In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that chondrocyte hypertrophy and endochondral angiogenesis promote TMJ osteoarthritis. Hypertrophic chondrocytes secrete many factors that promote cartilage degeneration. These chondrocytes can further differentiate into osteoblasts and osteocytes and accelerate cartilage ossification. Intrachondral angiogenesis and neoneurogenesis are considered to be important triggers of arthralgia in TMJ osteoarthritis. Many molecular signalling pathways in endochondral osteogenesis are responsible for TMJ osteoarthritis. These latest discoveries in TMJ osteoarthritis have further enhanced the understanding of this disease and contributed to the development of molecular therapies. This paper summarizes recent cognition on the pathogenesis of TMJ osteoarthritis, focusing on the role of chondrocyte hypertrophy degeneration and cartilage angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangzhao Guan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Zhao Y, Xie L. An Update on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Centered Therapies in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6619527. [PMID: 33868408 PMCID: PMC8035039 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6619527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage degeneration, disrupted subchondral bone remodeling, and synovitis, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients with chronic pain and functional disabilities. Current treatments for TMJOA are mainly symptomatic therapies without reliable long-term efficacy, due to the limited self-renewal capability of the condyle and the poorly elucidated pathogenesis of TMJOA. Recently, there has been increased interest in cellular therapies for osteoarthritis and TMJ regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), self-renewing and multipotent progenitor cells, play a promising role in TMJOA treatment. Derived from a variety of tissues, MSCs exert therapeutic effects through diverse mechanisms, including chondrogenic differentiation; fibrocartilage regeneration; and trophic, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we provide an overview of the therapeutic roles of various tissue-specific MSCs in osteoarthritic TMJ or TMJ regenerative tissue engineering, with an additional focus on joint-resident stem cells and other cellular therapies, such as exosomes and adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Additionally, we summarized the updated pathogenesis of TMJOA to provide a better understanding of the pathological mechanisms of cellular therapies. Although limitations exist, MSC-centered therapies still provide novel, innovative approaches for TMJOA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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23
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Tsai CM, Chai JW, Wu FY, Chen MH, Kao CT. Differences between the temporal and mandibular components of the temporomandibular joint in topographic distribution of osseous degenerative features on cone-beam computerized tomography. J Dent Sci 2021; 16:1010-1017. [PMID: 34141117 PMCID: PMC8189869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) pathology is characterized by degenerative changes of the subchondral bone. The topographic distribution of osseous degenerative changes in TMJ is not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the topographic distribution of osseous degenerative features in the TMJ by using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods The CBCT images of 26 female patients diagnosed to have TMJOA were retrieved from the database of the National Taiwan University Hospital. The images of left and right TMJs were evaluated independently by 2 examiners. The evaluated degenerative features included surface erosion, subcortical cysts, subcortical sclerosis, and osteophytes in the mandibular condyle and temporal component of the TMJ. The topographic distribution at different portions in the mandibular condyle and temporal component of the TMJ was statistically analyzed. Results Significant differences in the topographic distribution of the osseous degenerative features were observed (a) between the mandibular condyle and the temporal component and (b) between the anterior/central portion and posterior portion of the temporal component. No significant differences were observed in the topographic distribution of the TMJOA features in the condyle, except for surface erosion between the central and lateral portion of the condyle. Conclusion The results suggest that the mandibular condyle and temporal component react differently in TMJ osseous degeneration, with the condyle being more vulnerable than the temporal component. Mandibular activities that require the mandibular condyle to function outside the fossa may be more destructive to the health and integrity of the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Mong Tsai
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Wen Chai
- Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Wu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hsiung Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Kao
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Gong C, Wen J, Wang H, Li H. Study of changes in rat mandibular condyle under intermittent cyclic and continuous compressive stress. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 124:105066. [PMID: 33571732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of intermittent and continuous compressive stress on rat mandibular condyles. DESIGN Ninety rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: non-loading control groups and 1-day intermittent cyclic loading, 3-day intermittent cyclic loading, 7-day intermittent cyclic loading, continuous loading groups. In the loading groups, compressive mechanical stresses were loaded onto the condyles. The rats were euthanized after one, two, or four weeks. Histomorphometric and immunochemical staining of the cartilage and the micro-CT scanning of subchondral bone were investigated. RESULTS Under continuous loading following the first week, cartilage thickness, numbers of chondrocytes, extracellular matrix (Type-II collagen) and proliferation decreased significantly, and there was no apparent repair response after the second and fourth weeks. The cartilage of 1-day and 3-day intermittent cyclic loading groups showed similar pathological changes but better proliferative activity compared with the continuous loading group. The 7-day intermittent loading group had significant recovery after 2 weeks, including the increase of cartilage thickness and the number of chondrocytes, cell swelling and rearranging. However, the remodeling of subchondral bone showed no significant difference between the intermittent and continuous loading stress compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Under moderate mechanical stress, the condylar cartilage actively remodeled, whereas the subchondral bone, as supportive rigid structure, was less sensitive to mechanical pressure. The intermittent compressive stress protects the condylar cartilage from excessive damage, which is different from continuous compressive stress. With longer intervals, the cartilage has the potential capability for recovery as the initial state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Oral Science, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Butterfield NC, Curry KF, Steinberg J, Dewhurst H, Komla-Ebri D, Mannan NS, Adoum AT, Leitch VD, Logan JG, Waung JA, Ghirardello E, Southam L, Youlten SE, Wilkinson JM, McAninch EA, Vancollie VE, Kussy F, White JK, Lelliott CJ, Adams DJ, Jacques R, Bianco AC, Boyde A, Zeggini E, Croucher PI, Williams GR, Bassett JHD. Accelerating functional gene discovery in osteoarthritis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:467. [PMID: 33473114 PMCID: PMC7817695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis causes debilitating pain and disability, resulting in a considerable socioeconomic burden, yet no drugs are available that prevent disease onset or progression. Here, we develop, validate and use rapid-throughput imaging techniques to identify abnormal joint phenotypes in randomly selected mutant mice generated by the International Knockout Mouse Consortium. We identify 14 genes with functional involvement in osteoarthritis pathogenesis, including the homeobox gene Pitx1, and functionally characterize 6 candidate human osteoarthritis genes in mouse models. We demonstrate sensitivity of the methods by identifying age-related degenerative joint damage in wild-type mice. Finally, we phenotype previously generated mutant mice with an osteoarthritis-associated polymorphism in the Dio2 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and demonstrate a protective role in disease onset with public health implications. We hope this expanding resource of mutant mice will accelerate functional gene discovery in osteoarthritis and offer drug discovery opportunities for this common, incapacitating chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Butterfield
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Katherine F Curry
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Julia Steinberg
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Hannah Dewhurst
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Davide Komla-Ebri
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Naila S Mannan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anne-Tounsia Adoum
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Victoria D Leitch
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - John G Logan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Julian A Waung
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Elena Ghirardello
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Scott E Youlten
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Medicine, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing and Sheffield Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Elizabeth A McAninch
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | | | - Fiona Kussy
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jacqueline K White
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | | | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Richard Jacques
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Antonio C Bianco
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Alan Boyde
- Dental Physical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Peter I Croucher
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Medicine, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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26
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Huang Z, Yang R, Zhang L, Zhu M, Zhang C, Wen J, Li H. BRD4 inhibition alleviates mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA-like pathological changes and attenuates TREM1-mediated inflammatory response. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:10. [PMID: 33446277 PMCID: PMC7809762 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to investigate the protective effects of bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) inhibition on the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) induced by compressive mechanical stress and to explore the underlying mechanism. In vivo, a rat model of TMJ compressive loading device was used and BRD4 inhibitor was injected into the TMJ region. HE staining and micro-CT analysis were used for histological and radiographic assessment. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were performed to detect inflammatory cytokines expressions. High-throughput ChIP-sequencing screening was performed to compare the BRD4 and H3K27ac binding patterns between condylar cartilage from control and mechanical force groups. In vitro, the mandibular condylar chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β. Small Interference RNA (siRNA) infection was used to silencing BRD4 or TREM1. qPCR was performed to detect inflammatory cytokines expressions. Our study showed that BRD4 inhibition can alleviate the thinning of condylar cartilage and subchondral bone resorption, as well as decrease the inflammatory factors expression both in vivo and in vitro. ChIP-seq analysis showed that BRD4 was more enriched in the promoter region of genes related to the stress and inflammatory pathways under mechanical stress in vivo. Trem1, a pro-inflammatory gene, was screened out from the overlapped BRD4 and H3K27ac increased binding sites, and Trem1 mRNA was found to be regulated by BRD4 inhibition both in vivo and in vitro. TREM1 inhibition reduced the expression of inflammatory factors induced by IL-1β in vitro. In summary, we concluded that BRD4 inhibition can protect TMJ OA-like pathological changes induced by mechanical stress and attenuate TREM1-mediated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Central Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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27
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Du J, Jiang Q, Mei L, Yang R, Wen J, Lin S, Li H. Effect of high fat diet and excessive compressive mechanical force on pathologic changes of temporomandibular joint. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17457. [PMID: 33060739 PMCID: PMC7566592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high fat diet and excessive compressive mechanical force on temporomandibular joint. In vivo, a mouse model of temporomandibular joint compressive loading device was used. A high fat diet mouse model and a combined mouse model intraperitoneally treated with or without simvastatin were used in the study. The pathological changes of mandibular condylar cartilage were assessed by Safranin-O staining. The IL-1β, MMP-3, leptin expression changes in the cartilage were detected by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the mandibular condylar chondrocytes were treated with or without L-1β and simvastatin. The mRNA expression level of matrix MMPs and leptin were assessed. Both excessive compressive mechanical force and high fat diet induced obesity caused TMJ osteoarthritis-like changes and increased expression of IL-1β, MMP-3, and leptin. These pathological changes were much more serious when the two interventions were exerted together, while simvastatin could obviously alleviate these changes. The mRNA expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, and leptin increased in the IL-1β treated chondrocytes treated with IL-1β, and decreased with simvastatin treatment. The development of temporomandibular joint pathological changes could be caused by the excessive compressive mechanical force and high fat diet induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Children's Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Mei
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ren Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Chen Y, Guo Y, Li J, Chen YY, Liu Q, Tan L, Gao ZR, Zhang SH, Zhou YH, Feng YZ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress remodels alveolar bone formation after tooth extraction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12411-12420. [PMID: 32996245 PMCID: PMC7687007 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone healing in tooth extraction sockets occurs in a complex environment containing saliva and many microorganisms and is affected by many factors. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress affects bone metabolism, but the role of ER stress in bone healing after tooth extraction remains unclear. We utilized a rat tooth extraction model, in which we promoted wound healing by using salubrinal to regulate the ER stress response. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of p‐eIF2α/eIF2α, Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in bone tissue, and histological assays showed irregularly arranged and new bone with more collagen fibres 14 days after tooth extraction and after modulating the degree of ER stress. Micro‐CT showed that modulating ER stress to an appropriate degree increases bone filling in regards to the density in the bottom and the surrounding bone wall of the tooth extraction wounds. Transmission electron microscopy showed rough ER expansion and newly formed collagen fibrils in osteoblasts after modulating ER stress to an appropriate degree. We also used different concentrations of salubrinal to evaluate the resistance to tunicamycin‐induced ER stress in an osteogenic induction environment. Salubrinal restored the tunicamycin‐induced decrease in the viability of primary calvarial osteoblasts and increased the expression of Runx2 and ALP, and decreased p‐eIF2α/eIF2α in a dose‐dependent manner. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ER stress occurred after tooth extraction, and regulating the degree of ER stress can promote bone healing in tooth extraction sockets, providing clinical evidence for bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Yi Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Burgos JI, Morell M, Mariángelo JIE, Vila Petroff M. Hyperosmotic stress promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent apoptosis in adult rat cardiac myocytes. Apoptosis 2020; 24:785-797. [PMID: 31309362 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In different pathological situations, cardiac cells undergo hyperosmotic stress and cell shrinkage. This change in cellular volume has been associated with contractile dysfunction and cell death. However, the intracellular mechanisms involved in hyperosmotic stress-induced cell death have not been investigated in depth in adult cardiac myocytes. Given that osmotic stress has been shown to promote endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), a recognized trigger for apoptosis, we examined whether hyperosmotic stress triggers ERS in adult cardiac myocytes and if so whether this mechanism mediates hyperosmotic stress-induced cell death. Adult rat cardiomyocytes cultured overnight in a hypertonic solution (HS) containing mannitol as the osmolite, showed increased expression of ERS markers, GRP78, CHOP and cleaved-Caspase-12, compared with myocytes in isotonic solution (IS), suggesting that hyperosmotic stress induces ERS. In addition, HS significantly reduced cell viability and increased TUNEL staining and the expression of active Caspase-3, indicative of apoptosis. These effects were prevented with the addition of the ERS inhibitor, 4-PBA, indicating that hyperosmotic stress-induced apoptosis is mediated by ERS. Hyperosmotic stress-induced apoptosis was also prevented when cells were cultured in the presence of a Ca2+-chelating agent (EGTA) or the CaMKII inhibitor (KN93), suggesting that hyperosmotic stress-induced ERS is mediated by a Ca2+ and CaMKII-dependent mechanism. Similar results were observed when hyperosmotic stress was induced using glucose as the osmolite. We conclude that hyperosmotic stress promotes ERS by a CaMKII-dependent mechanism leading to apoptosis of adult cardiomyocytes. More importantly, we demonstrate that hyperosmotic stress-triggered ERS contributes to hyperglycemia-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Burgos
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Malena Morell
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio E Mariángelo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martin Vila Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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Rong K, Xia Q, Wu X, Zhou Z, Li X, Fei T, Chen J, Huang Z, Li J, Liu J, Yin X. Articular Cartilage Stem Cells Influence the Postoperative Repair of Hip Replacement by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chondrocytes via PERK Pathway. Orthop Surg 2020; 12:609-616. [PMID: 32147967 PMCID: PMC7189057 DOI: 10.1111/os.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is present in chondrocytes of osteoarthritis, and the intensity of ERS is related to the degree of cartilage degeneration. In vitro intervention strategies can change the status of ERS and induce the inhibition of ERS-related pathway. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the role and molecular mechanism of cartilage stem cells (ACSCs) of ERS in chondrocytes after hip replacement. METHODS Human cartilage cell lines C28/I2 were cultured as the control group. The ERS inducer was added into C28/I2 as ERS group. The third ERS + stem cells group was formed by adding cartilage stem cells into ERS group, and further transfection of si-PERK was defined as si-PERK + ERS + stem cells group. Cell cycle and apoptosis in the four groups were determined by flow cytometry. The protein expression of GRP78, PERK, ATF4, TMEM119, CDK4, Cyclin D, and BMP6 in chondrocytes in the four groups were investigated by western blot, and the distribution of PERK, TMEM119, and BMP6 in chondrocytes were observed by immunofluorescence assay. In addition, the transcriptional levels of Bcl2, Bax, and Caspase 3 were also determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS In cell cycle assay, ERS increased the accumulation of cells in G0 /G1 and G2 /M, while cartilage stem cells weakened the effects. The apoptosis rates in control group, ERS, ERS + stem cells, si-PERK + ERS + stem cells were 0%, 21.3%, 18.9%, and 15.9%, respectively, and the difference of apoptosis rate between the latter three groups and control group was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Stem cells could weaken the ERS-induced cell apoptosis, especially reducing the number of cells in the late stage of apoptosis from 5.4% to 1.1%. The protein level of GRP78, PERK, ATF4, TMEM119, and BMP6 in the group of ERS, ERS + stem cells, and si-PERK + ERS + stem cells were all significantly higher than those in control group, and the group of ERS + stem cells was the highest, all of the differences were significant (P < 0.01). However, the protein level of CDK4 and Cyclin D presented an absolutely opposite trend and the difference was still significant (P < 0.05). The group of si-PERK + ERS + stem cell was lower than those in the group of ERS + stem cell but higher than those in the group of ERS (P < 0.05). The level of Caspase 3 in the latter three groups was significantly higher than those in the control group, and the group of ERS was the highest (P < 0.01). Besides, the relative level of Bcl-2/Bax in control group was 1, but the group of ERS was about 0.5, and there was significant difference (P < 0.01). The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in the group of ERS + stem cells was more than 2 and significantly higher than those of other groups. CONCLUSION ACSCs could reduce ERS-induced chondrocyte apoptosis by PERK and Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Rong
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qing‐quan Xia
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xu‐hua Wu
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen‐yu Zhou
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xu‐jun Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Teng Fei
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiong Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhongyue Huang
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiang‐yi Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐fan Yin
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinhang Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Lee YH, Park HK, Auh QS, Nah H, Lee JS, Moon HJ, Heo DN, Kim IS, Kwon IK. Emerging Potential of Exosomes in Regenerative Medicine for Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041541. [PMID: 32102392 PMCID: PMC7073204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized vesicles (30–140 nm) of endocytic origin that play important roles in regenerative medicine. They are derived from cell membranes during endocytic internalization and stabilize in biological fluids such as blood and synovia. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative disease, which, in addition to chronic pain, is characterized by progressive cartilage breakdown, condylar bone remodeling, and synovitis. However, traditional clinical treatments have limited symptom- and structure-modifying effects to restore damaged cartilage and other TMJ tissues. This is due to the limited self-healing capacity of condylar cartilage. Recently, stem-cell-derived exosomes have been studied as an alternative therapeutic approach to tissue repair and regeneration. It is known that trophic regulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects under pathological conditions, and research on MSC-derived exosomes is rapidly accumulating. MSC-derived exosomes mimic the major therapeutic effects of MSCs. They affect the activity of immune effector cells and possess multilineage differentiation potential, including chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, exosomes are capable of regenerating cartilage or osseous compartments and restoring injured tissues and can treat dysfunction and pain caused by TMJ OA. In this review, we looked at the uniqueness of TMJ, the pathogenesis of TMJ OA, and the potential role of MSC-derived exosomes for TMJ cartilage and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (Q.-S.A.)
| | - Hee-Kyung Park
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Q-Schick Auh
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (Q.-S.A.)
| | - Haram Nah
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.N.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Jae Seo Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.N.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Ho-Jin Moon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-J.M.); (D.N.H.)
| | - Dong Nyoung Heo
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-J.M.); (D.N.H.)
| | - In San Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.-J.M.); (D.N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-958-9409; Fax: +82-2-958-9454
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Kung LHW, Mullan L, Soul J, Wang P, Mori K, Bateman JF, Briggs MD, Boot-Handford RP. Cartilage endoplasmic reticulum stress may influence the onset but not the progression of experimental osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:206. [PMID: 31511053 PMCID: PMC6737683 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis has been associated with a plethora of pathological factors and one which has recently emerged is chondrocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress is sensed by key ER-resident stress sensors, one of which is activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). The purpose of this study is to determine whether increased ER stress plays a role in OA. METHODS OA was induced in male wild-type (+/+), ColIITgcog (c/c) and Atf6α-/- mice by destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM). c/c mice have increased ER stress in chondrocytes via the collagen II promoter-driven expression of ER stress-inducing Tgcog. Knee joints were scored histologically for OA severity. RNA-seq was performed on laser-micro-dissected RNA from cartilage of +/+ and c/c DMM-operated mice. RESULTS In situ hybridisation demonstrated a correlation between the upregulation of ER stress marker, BiP, and early signs of proteoglycan loss and cartilage damage in DMM-operated +/+ mice. Histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in OA severity in c/c mice compared with +/+ at 2 weeks post-DMM. This chondroprotective effect in c/c mice was associated with a higher ambient level of BiP protein prior to DMM and a delay in chondrocyte apoptosis. RNA-seq analysis suggested Xbp1-regulated networks to be significantly enriched in c/c mice at 2 weeks post-DMM. Compromising the ER through genetically ablating Atf6α, a key ER stress sensor, had no effect on DMM-induced OA severity. CONCLUSION Our studies indicate that an increased capacity to effectively manage increases in ER stress in articular cartilage due either to pre-conditioning as a result of prior exposure to ER stress or to genetic pre-disposition may be beneficial in delaying the onset of OA, but once established, ER stress plays no significant role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise H. W. Kung
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Lorna Mullan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Jamie Soul
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ UK
| | - Ping Wang
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Kazutoshi Mori
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, and Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - John F. Bateman
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Michael D. Briggs
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ UK
| | - Raymond P. Boot-Handford
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
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Zhang M, Yang H, Wan X, Lu L, Zhang J, Zhang H, Ye T, Liu Q, Xie M, Liu X, Yu S, Guo S, Chang W, Wang M. Prevention of Injury-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rodent Temporomandibular Joint by Targeting Chondrocyte CaSR. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:726-738. [PMID: 30496623 PMCID: PMC6482062 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic joint injuries produce osteoarthritic cartilage manifesting accelerated chondrocyte terminal differentiation and matrix degradation via unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms. Here we report the ability of biomechanical stress to increase expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a pivotal driver of chondrocyte terminal differentiation, in cultured chondrogenic cells subjected to fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) and in chondrocytes of rodent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage subjected to unilateral anterior cross-bite (UAC). In cultured ATDC5 cells or TMJ chondrocytes, FFSS induced Ca2+ loading and CaSR localization in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), casually accelerating cell differentiation that could be abrogated by emptying ER Ca2+ stores or CaSR knockdown. Likewise, acute chondrocyte-specific Casr knockout (KO) prevented the UAC-induced acceleration of chondrocyte terminal differentiation and matrix degradation in TMJ cartilage in mice. More importantly, local injections of CaSR antagonist, NPS2143, replicated the effects of Casr KO in preventing the development of osteoarthritic phenotypes in TMJ cartilage of the UAC-treated rats. Our study revealed a novel pathological action of CaSR in development of osteoarthritic cartilage due to aberrant mechanical stimuli and supports a therapeutic potential of calcilytics in preventing osteoarthritis in temporomandibular joints by targeting the CaSR. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianghong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mianjiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaoxiong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhan Chang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Meiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ding J, Jin F, Zhao X, Zhao L, Wu Z, Li J. Hemiepiphysiodesis stapling induces ER stress apoptosis and autophagy in rat growth plates. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:1486-1497. [PMID: 30972176 PMCID: PMC6456511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Angular deformities of adolescents can be treated with temporary hemiepiphysiodesis. It is confirmed that mechanical staples leading to apoptosis of chondrocyte in the growth plate. In addition, clinical evidences revealed that release from growth-inhibition condition resulted in catch-up growth, which caused damage to the patients. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the cell growth inhibition and the rebound growth during the temporary hemiepiphysiodesis on the growth plate. Rats with knee stapling were housed for indicated weeks, then were separated into control group, hemiepiphysiodesis groups and removal of staple groups. The tissue samples were analyzed by histopathological staining or western blotting. The results indicated there was significant growth arrest and cell apoptosis in rats treated with mechanical stress loaded (hemiepiphysiodesis group). Additionally, immunohistochemistry staining and western blotting revealed the ER-stress induced cell apoptosis was involved in growth inhibition. In removal of staple group, growth-inhibition, apoptotic cells, ER stress and autophagy-related markers were all decreased when the staples were removed from mice. Moreover, IκB/NF-κB pathway were activated in the growth plate of rats when the loads were released. In conclusion, mechanical load leaded to growth inhibition in the growth plate. ER-stress induced apoptosis and autophagy might be responsible for this process. In contrast, the possible reason for the rebound growth of growth plate may be due to the elevated IκB/NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Fangchun Jin
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Ying-Hua Medical Group of Children’s Bone and Joint HealthcareShanghai 200000, China
| | - Zhenkai Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tong Ji UniversityShanghai 200072, China
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Song J, Zhang Q, Wang S, Yang F, Chen Z, Dong Q, Ji Q, Yuan X, Ren D. Cleavage of caspase-12 at Asp94, mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), contributes to stretch-induced apoptosis of myoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9473-9487. [PMID: 29943814 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical overloading can lead to skeletal muscle damage instead of remodeling. This is attributed to the excessive apoptosis of myoblasts, mechanism of which remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and caspase-12 in mediating the stretch-induced apoptosis of myoblasts. Myoblast apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst staining, DNA fragmentation assay, Annexin V binding, and propidium iodide staining, as well as caspase-3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 cleavage. First, our results showed that apoptosis was elevated in a time-dependent manner when myoblasts were subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) for 12, 24, and 36 hr. Concomitantly, CMS triggered the ERS and caspase-12 cleavage; ERS inhibitor GSK 2606414 suppressed the CMS-induced cleavage of caspase-12 and myoblast apoptosis. Silencing caspase-12 attenuated the apoptosis of myoblasts under CMS. Furthermore, CMS-induced myoblast apoptosis was partially recovered by overexpressing wild-type caspase-12 in caspase-12-silenced myoblasts. In contrast, overexpressing mutant caspase-12 (D94N), which cannot be cleaved into the active caspase-12 fragments, failed to accomplish the same effect. Finally, C2C12 overexpressing truncated caspase-12 segment (TC-casp12-D94), which starts from Asp94 and ends at Asn419, underwent apoptosis under both static and stretched conditions. Interestingly, C2C12 myoblasts seemed to be resistant to stretch-induced apoptosis upon low-serum-induced differentiation. In conclusion, our study provided evidence that caspase-12 cleavage at Asp94, induced by ERS under mechanical stimuli, is the key molecule in initiating the stretch-triggered apoptosis of myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenggang Chen
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanjiang Dong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuxia Ji
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dapeng Ren
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Xu T, Gu Z, Wu H, Yao H, Wang G. Expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress protein in rabbit condyle cartilage following anterior disk displacement. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 47:606-612. [PMID: 29663508 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anterior disk displacement (ADD) is a most common subtype of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), which is promoted by chondrocytes apoptosis. However, the signaling pathways that trigger apoptosis are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins in the condylar cartilage of rabbits following ADD. METHODS Sixty healthy adult rabbits were randomly assigned to the experimental and sham-operated control groups (n = 12). The experimental rabbits were subjected to surgical ADD in the right temporomandibular joints. The production of ER stress-related proteins C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-12 in cartilage was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression of CHOP, GRP78, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-12 increased significantly along with degenerative changes in cartilage after ADD. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the ER stress pathway is activated in ADD cartilage and might promote the development of TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiling Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Yao
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jiang YY, Wen J, Gong C, Lin S, Zhang CX, Chen S, Cheng W, Li H. BIO alleviated compressive mechanical force-mediated mandibular cartilage pathological changes through Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1228-1237. [PMID: 28960426 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis induced by compressive mechanical force is characterized by decreased chondrocyte proliferation and degradation of the ECM. To examine underlying mechanisms of the pathological changes of mandibular cartilage induced by compressive mechanical force, an established animal model was used to examine Wnt signaling activation by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) inhibitor 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) injection in vivo. Histological changes in mandibular cartilage were assessed via hematoxylin & eosin (HE), masson, and alcian blue staining. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to evaluate activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and chondrocytes proliferation markers. Chondrocytes apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining. During the compressive mechanical force loading-mediated process, Wnt signaling was largely inhibited, which showed the inhibited expression of β-catenin and the increased expression of GSK-3β. The expression of chondrocytes proliferation markers Ki67, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) also decreased. With BIO injection, the Wnt signaling was restored and the proliferation of mandibular chondrocytes was also increased in the late stage (7 days) of compressive mechanical force loading. Finally, the decreasing mandibular cartilage thickness, the degradation of extracellular matrix, and the erosion of bone trabecula were subsequently restored. Also, the changes of extracellular matrix markers such as collagen II and collagen X, matrix metalloproteases, and inflammatory cytokines were reversed followed by the injection of BIO. In summary, compressive mechanical force decreased endogenously Wnt signaling, leading to impaired proliferation in chondrocytes and degradation in cartilage matrix. Restoration of Wnt signaling largely recovered the proliferation defects and alleviated the pathological changes of mandibular cartilage. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1228-1237, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Xia Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes and the progression of osteoarthritis in rat. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:212. [PMID: 29434185 PMCID: PMC5833344 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) are designed to restore chondrocyte function and inhibit cell apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that activation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) leads to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role of GLP-1R in the pathological process of OA is unclear. In present work, we aimed to demonstrate the potential effect of GLP-1R on chondrocytes and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. We found that activation of GLP-1R with liraglutide could protect chondrocytes against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β or triglycerides (TGs). These effects were partially attenuated by GLP-1R small interfering RNA treatment. Moreover, inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling abolished the protective effects of GLP-1R by increase the apoptosis activity and ER stress. Activating GLP-1R suppressed the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, decreased the release of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α), and reduced matrix catabolism in TG-treated chondrocytes; these effects were abolished by GLP-1R knockdown. In the end, liraglutide attenuated rat cartilage degeneration in an OA model of knee joints in vivo. Our results indicate that GLP-1R is a therapeutic target for the treatment of OA, and that liraglutide could be a therapeutic candidate for this clinical application.
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Xie CL, Li JL, Xue EX, Dou HC, Lin JT, Chen K, Wu HQ, Wu L, Xuan J, Huang QS. Vitexin alleviates ER-stress-activated apoptosis and the related inflammation in chondrocytes and inhibits the degeneration of cartilage in rats. Food Funct 2018; 9:5740-5749. [PMID: 30321247 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive extracellular matrix degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis are the pathological features of osteoarthritis (OA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - En-Xing Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Cheng Dou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ti Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qiang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital
- Jinhua Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Jinhua
| | - Qi-Shan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
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Xie JJ, Chen J, Guo SK, Gu YT, Yan YZ, Guo WJ, Yao CL, Jin MY, Xie CL, Wang X, Wang XY, Chen L. Panax quinquefolium saponin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes and attenuates the progression of osteoarthritis in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:886-894. [PMID: 29136765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) seek to restore chondrocyte function and inhibit cell apoptosis. Panax quinquefolium saponin (PQS) is the major active ingredient of Radix panacis quinquefolii (American ginseng), and has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in various diseases. However, any potential effect of PQS on the pathological process of OA remains unclear. This work aimed to explore the role of PQS in chondrocytes and to clarify its potential mechanisms. We showed that PQS treatment could protect chondrocytes against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and associated apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β. Also, PQS further attenuated triglyceride (TG)-induced ER stress and associated apoptosis. Moreover, PQS may inhibit the ER stress-activated NF-κB pathway and associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes. Finally, PQS abolished rat cartilage degeneration in an in-vivo OA model of the knee joint. Our results indicate that PQS may be a potential novel treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Kun Guo
- Department of Postgraduate Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Zhao Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jun Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lun Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Long Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China.
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Jain BP, Pandey S, Saleem N, Tanti GK, Mishra S, Goswami SK. SG2NA is a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis as its depletion leads to ER stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:853-866. [PMID: 28634818 PMCID: PMC5655373 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0816-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
SG2NA belongs to a three-member striatin subfamily of WD40 repeat superfamily of proteins. It has multiple protein-protein interaction domains involved in assembling supramolecular signaling complexes. Earlier, we had demonstrated that there are at least five variants of SG2NA generated by alternative splicing, intron retention, and RNA editing. Such versatile and dynamic mode of regulation implicates it in tissue development. In order to shed light on its role in cell physiology, total proteome analysis was performed in NIH3T3 cells depleted of 78 kDa SG2NA, the only isoform expressing therein. A number of ER stress markers were among those modulated after knockdown of SG2NA. In cells treated with the ER stressors thapsigargin and tunicamycin, expression of SG2NA was increased at both mRNA and protein levels. The increased level of SG2NA was primarily in the mitochondria and the microsomes. A mouse injected with thapsigargin also had an increase in SG2NA in the liver but not in the brain. Cell cycle analysis suggested that while loss of SG2NA reduces the level of cyclin D1 and retains a population of cells in the G1 phase, concurrent ER stress facilitates their exit from G1 and traverse through subsequent phases with concomitant cell death. Thus, SG2NA is a component of intrinsic regulatory pathways that maintains ER homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhi Prakash Jain
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University Bihar, Motihari, 845401, India
| | - Shweta Pandey
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nikhat Saleem
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Goutam K Tanti
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Neuro-Kopf-Zentrum, Department of Neurology, Klinikumrechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str.22, 81675, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Shalini Mishra
- Peptide and Proteomics Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, New Delhi, -110054, India
| | - Shyamal K Goswami
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Huang Z, Zhou M, Wang Q, Zhu M, Chen S, Li H. Mechanical and hypoxia stress can cause chondrocytes apoptosis through over-activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 84:125-132. [PMID: 28987725 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of mechanical force and hypoxia on chondrocytes apoptosis and osteoarthritis (OA)-liked pathological change on mandibular cartilage through over-activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). METHODS We used two in vitro models to examine the effect of mechanical force and hypoxia on chondrocytes apoptosis separately. The mandibular condylar chondrocytes were obtained from three-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Flexcell 5000T apparatus was used to produce mechanical forces (12%, 0.5Hz, 24h vs 20%, 0.5Hz, 24h) on chondrocytes. For hypoxia experiment, the concentration of O2 was down regulated to 5% or 1%. Cell apoptosis rates were quantified by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double staining and FACS analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were performed to evaluate the activation of ERS and cellular hypoxia. Then we used a mechanical stress loading rat model to verify the involvement of ERS in OA-liked mandibular cartilage pathological change. Histological changes in mandibular condylar cartilage were assessed via hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining. Immunohistochemistry of GRP78, GRP94, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α were performed to evaluate activation of the ERS and existence of hypoxia. Apoptotic cells were detected by the TUNEL method. RESULTS Tunicamycin, 20% mechanical forces and hypoxia (1% O2) all significantly increased chondrocytes apoptosis rates and expression of ERS markers (GRP78, GRP94 and Caspase 12). However, 12% mechanical forces can only increase the apoptotic sensitivity of chondrocytes. Mechanical stress resulted in OA-liked pathological change on rat mandibular condylar cartilage which included thinning cartilage and bone erosion. The number of apoptotic cells increased. ERS and hypoxia markers expressions were also enhanced. Salubrinal, an ERS inhibitor, can reverse these effects in vitro and in vivo through the down-regulation of ERS markers and hypoxia markers. CONCLUSION We confirmed that mechanical stress and local hypoxia both contributed to the chondrocytes apoptosis. Mechanical stress can cause OA-like pathological change in rat mandibular condylar cartilage via ERS activation and hypoxia existed in the meantime. Both mechanical forces and hypoxia can induce ERS and cause chondrocytes apoptosis only if the stimulate was in higher level. Salubrinal can protect chondrocytes from apoptosis, and relieve OA-liked pathological change on mandibular condylar cartilage under mechanical stress stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Oral Science, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Shunzhi Y, Zhonghai L, Ning Y. Mechanical stress affects the osteogenic differentiation of human ligamentum flavum cells via the BMP‑Smad1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7692-7698. [PMID: 28944874 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of mechanical stress on the osteogenic differentiation of human ligamentum flavum cells via the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‑Smad1 signaling pathway. Mechanical stress increased cell proliferation and induced osteogenic differentiation of human cells derived from the ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF). In addition, mechanical stress activated osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and runt‑related transcription factor 2 (RUNX‑2) mRNA expression, and suppressed Ets proto‑oncogene 1 (Ets‑1) and sex determining region Y‑box 2 (SOX‑2) mRNA expression in OLF cells. Src protein expression was suppressed by mechanical stress in human OLF cells. In addition, the protein expression levels of BMP, phosphorylated (p)‑mothers against decapentaplegic homolog‑1 (Smad1) and p‑p38‑mitogen‑activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) were increased by mechanical stress. These results demonstrate that mechanical stress effectively increases cell proliferation, promotes the osteogenic differentiation rate of OLF cells, activates OC, ALP and RUNX‑2, and suppresses Ets‑1 and SOX‑2 potentially via the BMP‑Smad1 and Src‑p38MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shunzhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhonghai
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Zhang C, Lin S, Li T, Jiang Y, Huang Z, Wen J, Cheng W, Li H. Mechanical force-mediated pathological cartilage thinning is regulated by necroptosis and apoptosis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1324-1334. [PMID: 28396243 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying mandibular chondrocyte cell death and cartilage thinning in response to mechanical force. MATERIAL AND METHODS An in vivo model (compressive mechanical force) and an in vitro model (TNF-α+cycloheximide) were used to induce mandibular chondrocyte necroptosis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess histological and subcellular changes in mandibular chondrocyte. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time PCR were performed to evaluate changes in necroptotic protein markers. Cell activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined in vitro. RESULTS The expression of RIP1, RIP3 and Caspase-8 in mandibular chondrocytes significantly increased after 4 days of compressive mechanical force. Furthermore, the inhibition of necroptosis by Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) or the inhibition of apoptosis by N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD) partially restored mechanical force-mediated mandibular cartilage thinning and chondrocyte death. Moreover, a synergistic effect on cell death inhibition and mandibular cartilage thickness restoration were found when treated with Nec-1+Z-VAD. The results of the in vitro model were in line with the in vivo ones, indicating that the changes in MMP and ROS generation contributed to mandibular chondrocyte apoptosis and necroptosis. CONCLUSION In addition to apoptosis, necroptosis also plays critical roles in pathological changes in mandibular cartilage after compressive mechanical force stimulation, implying RIP1, a master protein that mediates both necroptosis and apoptosis, as a potential therapeutic target in temporal mandibular osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, USA
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Cheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in hydrostatic pressure-induced apoptosis in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 429:23-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu W, He J, Lin R, Liang J, Luo Q. Differential proteomics of the synovial membrane between bilateral and unilateral knee osteoarthritis in surgery‑induced rabbit models. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2243-9. [PMID: 27430254 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the differential proteomics of synovial membranes between bilateral and unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), in order to elucidate the pathological biomarkers of different degrees of KOA. A total of 6 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into groups A and B (three rabbits per group). The two groups were subjected to bilateral and unilateral ACLT, respectively. A total of 6 weeks following surgery, proteins were extracted from the knee joint synovial membranes of KOA rabbits and were separated by two‑dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The differentially expressed proteins in the OA synovial membranes were selected for further analysis by linear ion trap‑Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Ten protein spots were identified to be different between the synovial membranes of the bilateral and unilateral KOA rabbits. Protein disulfide‑isomerase and creatine kinase M‑type were identified in the unilateral KOA rabbit synovial membranes. Serum albumin (three spots), lumican, α‑2‑HS‑glycoprotein and three uncharacterized proteins were identified in the synovial membranes of the bilateral KOA rabbits. The differential proteomic expression demonstrated the different biomarkers associated with bilateral and unilateral KOA, and indicated that spontaneous and secondary KOA require diverse methods of treatment; thus the underlying mechanism of KOA requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Liu
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Ruhui Lin
- Medical Experimental Center, Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qinglu Luo
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Chooi WH, Chan BP. Compression loading-induced stress responses in intervertebral disc cells encapsulated in 3D collagen constructs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26449. [PMID: 27197886 PMCID: PMC4873809 DOI: 10.1038/srep26449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells protect themselves from stresses through a cellular stress response. In the interverebral disc, such response was also demonstrated to be induced by various environmental stresses. However, whether compression loading will cause cellular stress response in the nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is not well studied. By using an in vitro collagen microencapsulation model, we investigated the effect of compression loading on the stress response of NPCs. Cell viability tests, and gene and protein expression experiments were conducted, with primers for the heat shock response (HSR: HSP70, HSF1, HSP27 and HSP90), and unfolded protein response (UPR: GRP78, GRP94, ATF4 and CHOP) genes and an antibody to HSP72. Different gene expression patterns occurred due to loading type throughout experiments. Increasing the loading strain for a short duration did not increase the stress response genes significantly, but over longer durations, HSP70 and HSP27 were upregulated. Longer loading durations also resulted in a continuous upregulation of HSR genes and downregulation of UPR genes, even after load removal. The rate of apoptosis did not increase significantly after loading, suggesting that stress response genes might play a role in cell survival following mechanical stress. These results demonstrate how mechanical stress might induce and control the expression of HSR and UPR genes in NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hon Chooi
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Barbara Pui Chan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Wen J, Jiang Y, Zhang C, Chen S, Li H. The Protective Effects of Salubrinal on the Cartilage and Subchondral Bone of the Temporomandibular Joint under Various Compressive Mechanical Stimulations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155514. [PMID: 27196267 PMCID: PMC4873203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive mechanical loads on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can cause mandibular cartilage degradation and subchondral bone erosion, but the treatment of these conditions remains challenging. Salubrinal, which target eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha, has been shown to have multiple beneficial effects on skeletal tissue. Here, we examined the effect of a Salubrinal injection on the mandibular cartilage and subchondral bone of the TMJ under various compressive stresses. We conducted in vivo analyses in rat models using various compressive stresses (40 g and 80 g), and we observed time-related degeneration and pathological changes in the cartilage and subchondral bone of the TMJ at days 1, 3 and 7 through histological measurements, subcellular observation, and changes in proliferation and apoptosis. After the Salubrinal injection, the thickness of the cartilage recovered, and the pathological change was alleviated. In the Salubrinal/light (Sal/light) compressive stress group, the drug altered the proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes most significantly at day 1. In the Salubrinal/heavy (Sal/heavy) compressive stress group, the drug increased the proliferation of chondrocytes most significantly at day 1 and reduced the apoptosis of chondrocytes most significantly at day 7. Salubrinal also increased the area of the bone trabeculae and suppressed inflammatory responses and pathological change in the subchondral bone of the TMJ. Together, these results indicate that the administration of Salubrinal reduces apoptosis and strengthens the proliferation of chondrocyte to varying degrees at days 1, 3 and 7 under various compressive mechanical stresses, both of which contribute to the recovery of cartilage thickness and the alleviation of pathological change. Salubrinal also suppresses inflammatory responses and pathological change in the subchondral bone of the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wen
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Pathological Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Li
- Orthodontic Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Bomer N, Cornelis FMF, Ramos YFM, den Hollander W, Lakenberg N, van der Breggen R, Storms L, Slagboom PE, Lories RJU, Meulenbelt I. Aberrant Calreticulin Expression in Articular Cartilage of Dio2 Deficient Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154999. [PMID: 27163789 PMCID: PMC4862667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify intrinsic differences in cartilage gene expression profiles between wild-type- and Dio2-/--mice, as a mechanism to investigate factors that contribute to prolonged healthy tissue homeostasis. METHODS Previously generated microarray-data (Illumina MouseWG-6 v2) of knee cartilage of wild-type and Dio2 -/- -mice were re-analyzed to identify differential expressed genes independent of mechanical loading conditions by forced treadmill-running. RT-qPCR and western blot analyses of overexpression and knockdown of Calr in mouse chondro-progenitor cells (ATDC5) were applied to assess the direct effect of differential Calr expression on cartilage deposition. RESULTS Differential expression analyses of articular cartilage of Dio2-/- (N = 9) and wild-type-mice (N = 11) while applying a cutoff threshold (P < 0.05 (FDR) and FC > |1,5|) resulted in 1 probe located in Calreticulin (Calr) that was found significantly downregulated in Dio2-/- mice (FC = -1.731; P = 0.044). Furthermore, overexpression of Calr during early chondrogenesis in ATDC5 cells leads to decreased proteoglycan deposition and corresponding lower Aggrecan expression, whereas knocking down Calr expression does not lead to histological differences of matrix composition. CONCLUSION We here demonstrate that the beneficial homeostatic state of articular cartilage in Dio2-/- mice is accompanied with significant lower expression of Calr. Functional analyses further showed that upregulation of Calr expression could act as an initiator of cartilage destruction. The consistent association between Calr and Dio2 expression suggests that enhanced expression of these genes facilitate detrimental effects on cartilage integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frederique M. F. Cornelis
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Nico Lakenberg
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Lies Storms
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rik J. U. Lories
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhu M, Zhou S, Huang Z, Wen J, Li H. Ca2+-Dependent Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulates Mechanical Stress-Mediated Cartilage Thinning. J Dent Res 2016; 95:889-96. [PMID: 27053115 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516640206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study identified that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a critical role in chondrocyte apoptosis and mandibular cartilage thinning in response to compressive mechanical force, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Because the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a primary site of intracellular Ca(2+) storage, we hypothesized that Ca(2+)-dependent ERS might be involved in mechanical stress-mediated mandibular cartilage thinning. In this study, we used in vitro and in vivo models to determine Ca(2+) concentrations, histological changes, subcellular changes, apoptosis, and the expression of ERS markers in mandibular cartilage and chondrocytes. The results showed that in chondrocytes, cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) was dramatically increased by compressive mechanical force. Interestingly, the inhibition of Ca(2+) channels by ryanodine and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, inhibitors of ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors, respectively, partially rescued mechanical force-mediated mandibular cartilage thinning. Furthermore, chondrocyte apoptosis was also compromised by inhibiting the increase in [Ca(2+)]i that occurred in response to compressive mechanical force. Mechanistically, the ERS induced by compressive mechanical force was also repressed by [Ca(2+)]i inhibition, as demonstrated by a decrease in the expression of the ER stress markers 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and 94 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP94) at both the mRNA and protein levels. Collectively, these data identified [Ca(2+)]i as a critical mediator of the pathological changes that occur in mandibular cartilage under compressive mechanical force and shed light on the treatment of mechanical stress-mediated cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Taian, Taian, China
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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