1
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Williams AS, Crown SB, Lyons SP, Koves TR, Wilson RJ, Johnson JM, Slentz DH, Kelly DP, Grimsrud PA, Zhang GF, Muoio DM. Ketone flux through BDH1 supports metabolic remodeling of skeletal and cardiac muscles in response to intermittent time-restricted feeding. Cell Metab 2024; 36:422-437.e8. [PMID: 38325337 PMCID: PMC10961007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has gained attention as a dietary regimen that promotes metabolic health. This study questioned if the health benefits of an intermittent TRF (iTRF) schedule require ketone flux specifically in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Notably, we found that the ketolytic enzyme beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) is uniquely enriched in isolated mitochondria derived from heart and red/oxidative skeletal muscles, which also have high capacity for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Using mice with BDH1 deficiency in striated muscles, we discover that this enzyme optimizes FAO efficiency and exercise tolerance during acute fasting. Additionally, iTRF leads to robust molecular remodeling of muscle tissues, and muscle BDH1 flux does indeed play an essential role in conferring the full adaptive benefits of this regimen, including increased lean mass, mitochondrial hormesis, and metabolic rerouting of pyruvate. In sum, ketone flux enhances mitochondrial bioenergetics and supports iTRF-induced remodeling of skeletal muscle and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S Williams
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott B Crown
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott P Lyons
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Dorothy H Slentz
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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2
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Ruan X, Cao M, Yan W, Jones YZ, Gustafsson ÅB, Patel HH, Schenk S, Wang SE. Cancer-cell-secreted extracellular vesicles target p53 to impair mitochondrial function in muscle. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56464. [PMID: 37439436 PMCID: PMC10481655 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle loss and weakness are associated with bad prognosis and poorer quality of life in cancer patients. Tumor-derived factors have been implicated in muscle dysregulation by inducing cachexia and apoptosis. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles secreted by breast cancer cells impair mitochondrial homeostasis and function in skeletal muscle, leading to decreased mitochondrial content and energy production and increased oxidative stress. Mechanistically, miR-122-5p in cancer-cell-secreted EVs is transferred to myocytes, where it targets the tumor suppressor TP53 to decrease the expression of TP53 target genes involved in mitochondrial regulation, including Tfam, Pgc-1α, Sco2, and 16S rRNA. Restoration of Tp53 in muscle abolishes mitochondrial myopathology in mice carrying breast tumors and partially rescues their impaired running capacity without significantly affecting muscle mass. We conclude that extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cells mediate skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and may contribute to muscle weakness in some cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Ruan
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Ying Z Jones
- Department of Cellular & Molecular MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCAUSA
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Shizhen Emily Wang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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3
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Koves TR, Zhang GF, Davidson MT, Chaves AB, Crown SB, Johnson JM, Slentz DH, Grimsrud PA, Muoio DM. Pyruvate-supported flux through medium-chain ketothiolase promotes mitochondrial lipid tolerance in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Cell Metab 2023:S1550-4131(23)00094-3. [PMID: 37060901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Even-chain acylcarnitine (AC) metabolites, most of which are generated as byproducts of incomplete fatty acid oxidation (FAO), are viewed as biomarkers of mitochondrial lipid stress attributable to one or more metabolic bottlenecks in the β-oxidation pathway. The origins and functional implications of FAO bottlenecks remain poorly understood. Here, we combined a sophisticated mitochondrial phenotyping platform with state-of-the-art molecular profiling tools and multiple two-state mouse models of respiratory function to uncover a mechanism that connects AC accumulation to lipid intolerance, metabolic inflexibility, and respiratory inefficiency in skeletal muscle mitochondria. These studies also identified a short-chain carbon circuit at the C4 node of FAO wherein reverse flux of glucose-derived acetyl CoA through medium-chain ketothiolase enhances lipid tolerance and redox stability in heart mitochondria by regenerating free CoA and NAD+. The findings help to explain why diminished FAO capacity, AC accumulation, and metabolic inflexibility are tightly linked to poor health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael T Davidson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Alec B Chaves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott B Crown
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Dorothy H Slentz
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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4
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TXNIP shuttling - a key molecular link in regulating inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in freeze tolerant wood frogs. Gene 2023; 857:147184. [PMID: 36627089 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians such as the wood frogs,Rana sylvatica, are a primary example of a freeze-tolerant vertebrate that undergoes whole body freezing. Multiple adaptations including sequestering 65-70% of total body water as extracellular/extra organ ice and producing massive amounts of glucose as a cryoprotectant support this. Interestingly, the high glucose levels induced in response to freezing can amplify oxidative stress's effects (reactive oxygen species, ROS) and induce inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Since both freezing and dehydration stress (independent of freezing) can render wood frogs hyperglycemic, this study focussed on these two stresses to elucidate the role of a scaffold protein thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), which localizes in multiple compartments inside the cell under hyperglycemic conditions and mediate diverse stress responses. The results from this study suggest a stress-specific response of TXNIP in inducing the cell-damaging pathway of inflammasome activation via its cytoplasmic localization during freezing. Interestingly, mitochondrial localization of TXNIP did not leads to increase in its binding to thioredoxin 2 (TRX-2) and activating the dysfunction of this organelle by releasing a mitochondrial protein cytochrome c (Cyt c) in cytoplasm under both freezing and dehydration stresses. Post-translational modifications of TXNIP hinted on changes in the regulating proteins involved in the inflammasome and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways, whereas sequential differences (cytosine residues) of amphibian TXNIP (compared to mammalian) assessed via 3D-modeling attributed to its weak binding to TRX-2. Overall, this study summarizes differential role of proteins activated under freeze and dehydration induced hyperglycemic response in freeze tolerant wood frogs.
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5
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Astrocyte strategies in the energy-efficient brain. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:3-16. [PMID: 36350053 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes generate ATP through glycolysis and mitochondrion respiration, using glucose, lactate, fatty acids, amino acids, and ketone bodies as metabolic fuels. Astrocytic mitochondria also participate in neuronal redox homeostasis and neurotransmitter recycling. In this essay, we aim to integrate the multifaceted evidence about astrocyte bioenergetics at the cellular and systems levels, with a focus on mitochondrial oxidation. At the cellular level, the use of fatty acid β-oxidation and the existence of molecular switches for the selection of metabolic mode and fuels are examined. At the systems level, we discuss energy audits of astrocytes and how astrocytic Ca2+ signaling might contribute to the higher performance and lower energy consumption of the brain as compared to engineered circuits. We finish by examining the neural-circuit dysregulation and behavior impairment associated with alterations of astrocytic mitochondria. We conclude that astrocytes may contribute to brain energy efficiency by coupling energy, redox, and computational homeostasis in neural circuits.
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6
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Xue Y. Txnip Gene Therapy of Retinitis Pigmentosa Improves Cone Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1415:143-146. [PMID: 37440027 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a hereditary retinal degenerative disease that can lead to blindness. In RP, rod photoreceptors die first, followed by cone photoreceptors death due to unknown mechanisms. However, one clue for cone death concerns their metabolism. Early changes suggest that they do not have enough glucose, which normally fuels their metabolism. We sought to design adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy to address their metabolic challenges and found that overexpressing Txnip is an effective gene therapy that extends cone survival and vision in three strains of RP mice. The Txnip-mediated rescue was found to be dependent upon lactate dehydrogenase b (Ldhb), which is required for lactate catabolism. Txnip also was found to improve mitochondrial health. Herein, we propose a model in which Txnip shifts cones from their normal reliance on glucose to enhanced utilization of lactate to benefit cones in a condition where the glucose supply is limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Xue
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Ren X, Léveillard T. Modulating antioxidant systems as a therapeutic approach to retinal degeneration. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102510. [PMID: 36274523 PMCID: PMC9596747 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human retina is facing a big challenge of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from endogenous and exogenous sources. Excessive ROS can cause damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins, triggering abnormal redox signaling, and ultimately lead to cell death. Thus, oxidative stress has been observed in inherited retinal diseases as a common hallmark. To counteract the detrimental effect of ROS, cells are equipped with various antioxidant defenses. In this review, we will focus on the antioxidant systems in the retina and how they can protect retina from oxidative stress. Both small antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes play a role in ROS removal. Particularly, the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems, as the major antioxidant systems in mammalian cells, exert functions in redox signaling regulation via modifying cysteines in proteins. In addition, the thioredoxin-like rod-derived cone viability factor (RdCVFL) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) can modulate metabolism in photoreceptors and promote their survival. In conclusion, elevating the antioxidant capacity in retina is a promising therapy to curb the progress of inherited retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ren
- Department of Genetics, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
| | - Thierry Léveillard
- Department of Genetics, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France.
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8
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Nguyen HP, Villivalam SD, Jung BC, You D, Lin F, Yi D, Pi A, Ma K, Jung S, Park SH, Jang C, Sul HS, Kang S. AIFM2 Is Required for High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise in Promoting Glucose Utilization. Diabetes 2022; 71:2084-2093. [PMID: 35772021 PMCID: PMC9501658 DOI: 10.2337/db21-1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major regulator of glycemic control at rest, and glucose utilization increases drastically during exercise. Sustaining a high glucose utilization via glycolysis requires efficient replenishment of NAD+ in the cytosol. Apoptosis-inducing mitochondrion-associated factor 2 (AIFM2) was previously shown to be a NADH oxidoreductase domain-containing flavoprotein that promotes glycolysis for diet and cold-induced thermogenesis. Here, we find that AIFM2 is selectively and highly induced in glycolytic extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle during exercise. Overexpression (OE) of AIFM2 in myotubes is sufficient to elevate the NAD+-to-NADH ratio, increasing the glycolytic rate. Thus, OE of AIFM2 in skeletal muscle greatly increases exercise capacity, with increased glucose utilization. Conversely, muscle-specific Aifm2 depletion via in vivo transfection of hairpins against Aifm2 or tamoxifen-inducible haploinsufficiency of Aifm2 in muscles decreases exercise capacity and glucose utilization in mice. Moreover, muscle-specific introduction of NDE1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae external NADH dehydrogenase (NDE), ameliorates impairment in glucose utilization and exercise intolerance of the muscle-specific Aifm2 haploinsufficient mice. Together, we show a novel role for AIFM2 as a critical metabolic regulator for efficient utilization of glucose in glycolytic EDL muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai P. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sneha Damal Villivalam
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Byung Chul Jung
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Dongjoo You
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Frances Lin
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Danielle Yi
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Anna Pi
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Katherine Ma
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Sang-Hee Park
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Hei Sook Sul
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Sona Kang
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
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9
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Research in the Field of Exercise and Metabolomics: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060542. [PMID: 35736475 PMCID: PMC9230385 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research trends in the field of exercise and metabolomics between 2005 and 2020. Systematic articles were obtained from the literature in the Web of Science core collection database from 2005 to 2020. The relationship between the number of publications, citations, countries, journals, authors, and the evolution of research hotspots was analyzed. A total of 807 studies were included in the analysis. From 2005 to 2020, the number of citations and the number of published articles showed an upward trend. Keyword co-occurrence indicates that research hotspots are focused on exercise, physical activity, metabolomics, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Keyword clustering indicates that the research frontier is focused on the field of sports medicine, which includes molecular-level studies of exercise interventions in disease and studies of the physiological mechanisms by which exercise alters the body. Overall, this trinity of models, combining chronic disease with exercise interventions and molecular-level studies of metabolomics, has become the forefront of research in the field. This historical review of the field of exercise and metabolomics will further provide a useful basis for hot issues and future development trends.
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10
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Andonian BJ, Koss A, Koves TR, Hauser ER, Hubal MJ, Pober DM, Lord JM, MacIver NJ, St Clair EW, Muoio DM, Kraus WE, Bartlett DB, Huffman KM. Rheumatoid arthritis T cell and muscle oxidative metabolism associate with exercise-induced changes in cardiorespiratory fitness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7450. [PMID: 35523821 PMCID: PMC9076829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) T cells drive autoimmune features via metabolic reprogramming that reduces oxidative metabolism. Exercise training improves cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., systemic oxidative metabolism) and thus may impact RA T cell oxidative metabolic function. In this pilot study of RA participants, we took advantage of heterogeneous responses to a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise program to identify relationships between improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness with changes in peripheral T cell and skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. In 12 previously sedentary persons with seropositive RA, maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests, fasting blood, and vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained before and after 10 weeks of HIIT. Following HIIT, improvements in RA cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with changes in RA CD4 + T cell basal and maximal respiration and skeletal muscle carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT) enzyme activity. Further, changes in CD4 + T cell respiration were associated with changes in naïve CD4 + CCR7 + CD45RA + T cells, muscle CrAT, and muscle medium-chain acylcarnitines and fat oxidation gene expression profiles. In summary, modulation of cardiorespiratory fitness and molecular markers of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism during exercise training paralleled changes in T cell metabolism. Exercise training that improves RA cardiorespiratory fitness may therefore be valuable in managing pathologically related immune and muscle dysfunction.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02528344. Registered on 19 August 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Andonian
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA.
| | - Alec Koss
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Hauser
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
| | - Monica J Hubal
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Health & Human Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | - Janet M Lord
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nancie J MacIver
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - E William St Clair
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
| | - William E Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
| | - David B Bartlett
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Kim M Huffman
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 22701, USA
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11
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Yan W, Cao M, Ruan X, Jiang L, Lee S, Lemanek A, Ghassemian M, Pizzo DP, Wan Y, Qiao Y, Chin AR, Duggan E, Wang D, Nolan JP, Esko JD, Schenk S, Wang SE. Cancer-cell-secreted miR-122 suppresses O-GlcNAcylation to promote skeletal muscle proteolysis. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:793-804. [PMID: 35469018 PMCID: PMC9107513 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A decline in skeletal muscle mass and low muscular strength are prognostic factors in advanced human cancers. Here we found that breast cancer suppressed O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification in muscle through extracellular-vesicle-encapsulated miR-122, which targets O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Mechanistically, O-GlcNAcylation of ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) competed with NEK10-mediated phosphorylation and increased K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation; the miR-122-mediated decrease in OGT resulted in increased RYR1 abundance. We further found that muscular protein O-GlcNAcylation was regulated by hypoxia and lactate through HIF1A-dependent OGT promoter activation and was elevated after exercise. Suppressed O-GlcNAcylation in the setting of cancer, through increasing RYR1, led to higher cytosolic Ca2+ and calpain protease activation, which triggered cleavage of desmin filaments and myofibrillar destruction. This was associated with reduced skeletal muscle mass and contractility in tumour-bearing mice. Our findings link O-GlcNAcylation to muscular protein homoeostasis and contractility and reveal a mechanism of cancer-associated muscle dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xianhui Ruan
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sylvia Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Lemanek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Majid Ghassemian
- Biomolecular and Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donald P Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuhao Wan
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yueqing Qiao
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew R Chin
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Dong Wang
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Shizhen Emily Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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12
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Han YY, Gu X, Yang CY, Ji HM, Lan YJ, Bi YQ, Si R, Qu J, Cheng MH, Gao J. Protective effect of dimethyl itaconate against fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation during pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TXNIP. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7734-7744. [PMID: 34061990 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation (FMD) is a critical cellular phenotype during the occurrence and deterioration of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). FMD can increase with an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on fibroblasts under oxidative stress. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an α-arrestin family protein that regulates the level of intracellular ROS. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can protect against FMD in PF. However, the relationship between Nrf2 and TXNIP in FMD remains elusive. Therefore, we established TGF-β1-induced FMD in vitro and bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse PF model in vivo to explore whether the activation of Nrf2 can inhibit TXNIP-mediated FMD in PF. Dimethyl itaconate (DMI) was selected to activate Nrf2. Our results showed that TXNIP was elevated and FMD was aggravated in mice lung tissues after BLM administration compared with the saline group. Inversely, Nrf2 decreased TXNIP expression and alleviated FMD in PF. In vitro, TXNIP overexpression enhanced FMD and increased the level of ROS. In contrast, TXNIP deficiency by small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated TGF-β1-induced FMD and reduced ROS. An increase in ROS by H2 O2 can upregulate TXNIP expression. Moreover, Nrf2 also inhibited TGF-β1-induced FMD and the increase of ROS, with reducing expression of TXNIP, and the inhibitory effect was better than TXNIP siRNA. These results suggest that activation of Nrf2 by DMI can protect against PF via inhibiting TXNIP expression. Our study may provide new therapeutic targets and treatment approaches for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yue Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chong-Yang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui-Min Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Lan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Qian Bi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Si
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming-Han Cheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Salahi E, Amidi F, Zahiri Z, Aghahosseini M, Mashayekhi F, Amani Abkenari S, Hosseinishenatal S, Sobhani A. The effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ10 on redox signaling pathway components in PCOS mouse model. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:985-994. [PMID: 34633506 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considerable evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ10, on the redox signaling pathway's component in PCOS. METHOD We assessed TXNIP, TRX, and ASK1 expression in granulosa cells (GCs) of the DHEA-induced PCOS mouse model. Female BALB/c mice in five groups of Control, DHEA, and DHEA + MitoQ10 in three doses of 250, 500, and 750 μmol/L MitoQ10 were treated for 21 days. RESULTS Histological investigation showed a probable improvement in folliculogenesis; besides, ASK1 and TXNIP expression were significantly increased in GCs of the PCOS mouse F4Fmodel as compared to the control groups and decreased steadily in groups treated by MitoQ10. However, TRX expression showed a drop that was restored by MitoQ10 meaningfully (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION The work presented herein suggests mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ10, have modulating effects on folliculogenesis in the ovary and also on the redox signaling pathway in GCs of PCOS mouse model which may have potential to attenuate oxidative stress and its relative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Salahi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina ST, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina ST, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Zahiri
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alzahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marziye Aghahosseini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Showra Amani Abkenari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina ST, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirzad Hosseinishenatal
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina ST, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aligholi Sobhani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina ST, Tehran, Iran.
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Acin-Perez R, Benincá C, Shabane B, Shirihai OS, Stiles L. Utilization of Human Samples for Assessment of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Gold Standards, Limitations, and Future Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:949. [PMID: 34575097 PMCID: PMC8467772 DOI: 10.3390/life11090949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetic function is a central component of cellular metabolism in health and disease. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is critical for maintaining energetic homeostasis, and impairment of mitochondrial function underlies the development and progression of metabolic diseases and aging. However, measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetic function can be challenging in human samples due to limitations in the size of the collected sample. Furthermore, the collection of samples from human cohorts is often spread over multiple days and locations, which makes immediate sample processing and bioenergetics analysis challenging. Therefore, sample selection and choice of tests should be carefully considered. Basic research, clinical trials, and mitochondrial disease diagnosis rely primarily on skeletal muscle samples. However, obtaining skeletal muscle biopsies requires an appropriate clinical setting and specialized personnel, making skeletal muscle a less suitable tissue for certain research studies. Circulating white blood cells and platelets offer a promising primary tissue alternative to biopsies for the study of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Recent advances in frozen respirometry protocols combined with the utilization of minimally invasive and non-invasive samples may provide promise for future mitochondrial research studies in humans. Here we review the human samples commonly used for the measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetics with a focus on the advantages and limitations of each sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Acin-Perez
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cristiane Benincá
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Byourak Shabane
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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15
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Rodriguez YA, Kaur S, Nolte E, Zheng Z, Blagg BSJ, Dobrowsky RT. Novologue Therapy Requires Heat Shock Protein 70 and Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein to Improve Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Decrease Mitophagy in Diabetic Sensory Neurons. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3049-3059. [PMID: 34340312 PMCID: PMC8456717 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes whose pathophysiology is linked to altered mitochondrial bioenergetics (mtBE). KU-596 is a small molecule neurotherapeutic that reverses symptoms of DPN, improves sensory neuron mtBE, and decreases the pro-oxidant protein, thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) in a heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-dependent manner. However, the mechanism by which KU-596 improves mtBE and the role of Txnip in drug efficacy remains unknown. Mitophagy is a quality-control mechanism that selectively targets damaged mitochondria for degradation. The goal of this study was to determine if KU-596 therapy improved DPN, mtBE, and mitophagy in an Hsp70- and Txnip-dependent manner. Mito-QC (MQC) mice express a mitochondrially targeted mCherry-GFP fusion protein that enables visualizing mitophagy. Diabetic MQC, MQC × Hsp70 knockout (KO), and MQC × Txnip KO mice developed sensory and nerve conduction dysfunctions consistent with the onset of DPN. KU-596 therapy improved these measures, and this was dependent on Hsp70 but not Txnip. In MQC mice, diabetes decreased mtBE and increased mitophagy and KU-596 treatment reversed these effects. In contrast, KU-596 was unable to improve mtBE and decrease mitophagy in MQC × Hsp70 and MQC × Txnip KO mice. These data suggest that Txnip is not necessary for the development of the sensory symptoms and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by diabetes. KU-596 therapy may improve mitochondrial tolerance to diabetic stress to decrease mitophagic clearance in an Hsp70- and Txnip-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yssa A Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, 5064 Malott Hall/1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Sukmanjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, 5064 Malott Hall/1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Erika Nolte
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, 5064 Malott Hall/1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Zhang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame, 305 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Rick T Dobrowsky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, 5064 Malott Hall/1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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16
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Xu C, Li XF, Gao LL, Ding ZR, Huang XP, Li YY, Xie DZ. Molecular characterization of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) from Megalobrama amblycephala and its potential roles in high glucose-induced inflammatory response. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:460-472. [PMID: 34391784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the full-length cDNA of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) from Megalobrama amblycephala, and investigate its roles in high glucose (HC)-induced inflammatory response. The cDNA obtained covered 2706-bp with an open reading frame of 1203-bp encoding 400 amino acids, compared to Cyprinus carpio, it showed 89.96% homology. The highest expression of txnip was observed in head kidney followed by spleen and liver. After a 12-week feeding trial, high-carbohydrate diet remarkably increased txnip expression in liver and white muscle. Glucose administration resulted in a remarkably increased liver txnip expression, which peaked at 1 h. Thereafter, the expression decreased remarkably to the basal value at 12 h. However, insulin injection resulted in a significant decrease in txnip expression with minimum values attained at 2 h. Subsequently, it gradually increased to the normal values. Moreover, in the in-vitro study, over-expression of txnip along with remarkably increased il-1β and il-6 expression in hepatocytes, and its knockdown led to remarkably reduced il-1β expression. Furthermore, metformin treatment remarkably increased the cell viability and trx expression of hepatocytes under high glucose, while the opposite was true for ROS levels, LDH activity, the ALT/AST ratio, Txnip protein content and the transcriptions of txnip, tnfα and il-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liu-Ling Gao
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Ding
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Huang
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuan-You Li
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Di-Zhi Xie
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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17
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Damal Villivalam S, Ebert SM, Lim HW, Kim J, You D, Jung BC, Palacios HH, Tcheau T, Adams CM, Kang S. A necessary role of DNMT3A in endurance exercise by suppressing ALDH1L1-mediated oxidative stress. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106491. [PMID: 33847380 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise can alter the skeletal muscle DNA methylome, yet little is known about the role of the DNA methylation machinery in exercise capacity. Here, we show that DNMT3A expression in oxidative red muscle increases greatly following a bout of endurance exercise. Muscle-specific Dnmt3a knockout mice have reduced tolerance to endurance exercise, accompanied by reduction in oxidative capacity and mitochondrial respiration. Moreover, Dnmt3a-deficient muscle overproduces reactive oxygen species (ROS), the major contributors to muscle dysfunction. Mechanistically, we show that DNMT3A suppresses the Aldh1l1 transcription by binding to its promoter region, altering its epigenetic profile. Forced expression of ALDH1L1 elevates NADPH levels, which results in overproduction of ROS by the action of NADPH oxidase complex, ultimately resulting in mitochondrial defects in myotubes. Thus, inhibition of ALDH1L1 pathway can rescue oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction from Dnmt3a deficiency in myotubes. Finally, we show that in vivo knockdown of Aldh1l1 largely rescues exercise intolerance in Dnmt3a-deficient mice. Together, we establish that DNMT3A in skeletal muscle plays a pivotal role in endurance exercise by controlling intracellular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Damal Villivalam
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Scott M Ebert
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Emmyon, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA
| | - Hee Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics & Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jinse Kim
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dongjoo You
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Byung Chul Jung
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hector H Palacios
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tabitha Tcheau
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Emmyon, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.,Iowa City Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sona Kang
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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18
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Xue Y, Wang SK, Rana P, West ER, Hong CM, Feng H, Wu DM, Cepko CL. AAV-Txnip prolongs cone survival and vision in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa. eLife 2021; 10:e66240. [PMID: 33847261 PMCID: PMC8081528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disease affecting >20 million people worldwide. Loss of daylight vision typically occurs due to the dysfunction/loss of cone photoreceptors, the cell type that initiates our color and high-acuity vision. Currently, there is no effective treatment for RP, other than gene therapy for a limited number of specific disease genes. To develop a disease gene-agnostic therapy, we screened 20 genes for their ability to prolong cone photoreceptor survival in vivo. Here, we report an adeno-associated virus vector expressing Txnip, which prolongs the survival of cone photoreceptors and improves visual acuity in RP mouse models. A Txnip allele, C247S, which blocks the association of Txnip with thioredoxin, provides an even greater benefit. Additionally, the rescue effect of Txnip depends on lactate dehydrogenase b (Ldhb) and correlates with the presence of healthier mitochondria, suggesting that Txnip saves RP cones by enhancing their lactate catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Xue
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Sean K Wang
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Parimal Rana
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Emma R West
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Christin M Hong
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Helian Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
| | - David M Wu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Constance L Cepko
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
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19
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Giroud S, Habold C, Nespolo RF, Mejías C, Terrien J, Logan SM, Henning RH, Storey KB. The Torpid State: Recent Advances in Metabolic Adaptations and Protective Mechanisms †. Front Physiol 2021; 11:623665. [PMID: 33551846 PMCID: PMC7854925 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Torpor and hibernation are powerful strategies enabling animals to survive periods of low resource availability. The state of torpor results from an active and drastic reduction of an individual's metabolic rate (MR) associated with a relatively pronounced decrease in body temperature. To date, several forms of torpor have been described in all three mammalian subclasses, i.e., monotremes, marsupials, and placentals, as well as in a few avian orders. This review highlights some of the characteristics, from the whole organism down to cellular and molecular aspects, associated with the torpor phenotype. The first part of this review focuses on the specific metabolic adaptations of torpor, as it is used by many species from temperate zones. This notably includes the endocrine changes involved in fat- and food-storing hibernating species, explaining biomedical implications of MR depression. We further compare adaptive mechanisms occurring in opportunistic vs. seasonal heterotherms, such as tropical and sub-tropical species. Such comparisons bring new insights into the metabolic origins of hibernation among tropical species, including resistance mechanisms to oxidative stress. The second section of this review emphasizes the mechanisms enabling heterotherms to protect their key organs against potential threats, such as reactive oxygen species, associated with the torpid state. We notably address the mechanisms of cellular rehabilitation and protection during torpor and hibernation, with an emphasis on the brain, a central organ requiring protection during torpor and recovery. Also, a special focus is given to the role of an ubiquitous and readily-diffusing molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in protecting against ischemia-reperfusion damage in various organs over the torpor-arousal cycle and during the torpid state. We conclude that (i) the flexibility of torpor use as an adaptive strategy enables different heterothermic species to substantially suppress their energy needs during periods of severely reduced food availability, (ii) the torpor phenotype implies marked metabolic adaptations from the whole organism down to cellular and molecular levels, and (iii) the torpid state is associated with highly efficient rehabilitation and protective mechanisms ensuring the continuity of proper bodily functions. Comparison of mechanisms in monotremes and marsupials is warranted for understanding the origin and evolution of mammalian torpor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Giroud
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Habold
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Roberto F. Nespolo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program-iBio, Valdivia, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Mejías
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program-iBio, Valdivia, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jérémy Terrien
- Unité Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), UMR 7179, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | | | - Robert H. Henning
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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20
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Yoshihara E. TXNIP/TBP-2: A Master Regulator for Glucose Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E765. [PMID: 32824669 PMCID: PMC7464905 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of thioredoxin binding protein-2 (TBP-2), which is currently known as thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), as an important binding partner for thioredoxin (TRX) revealed that an evolutionarily conserved reduction-oxidation (redox) signal complex plays an important role for pathophysiology. Due to the reducing activity of TRX, the TRX/TXNIP signal complex has been shown to be an important regulator for redox-related signal transduction in many types of cells in various species. In addition to its role in redox-dependent regulation, TXNIP has cellular functions that are performed in a redox-independent manner, which largely rely on their scaffolding function as an ancestral α-Arrestin family. Both the redox-dependent and -independent TXNIP functions serve as regulatory pathways in glucose metabolism. This review highlights the key advances in understanding TXNIP function as a master regulator for whole-body glucose homeostasis. The potential for therapeutic advantages of targeting TXNIP in diabetes and the future direction of the study are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yoshihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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21
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Hahn D, Kumar RA, Ryan TE, Ferreira LF. Mitochondrial respiration and H 2O 2 emission in saponin-permeabilized murine diaphragm fibers: optimization of fiber separation and comparison to limb muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C665-C673. [PMID: 31314583 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00184.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Diaphragm abnormalities in aging or chronic diseases include impaired mitochondrial respiration and H2O2 emission, which can be measured using saponin-permeabilized muscle fibers. Mouse diaphragm presents a challenge for isolation of fibers due to relatively high abundance of connective tissue in healthy muscle that is exacerbated in disease states. We tested a new approach to process mouse diaphragm for assessment of intact mitochondria respiration and ROS emission in saponin-permeabilized fibers. We used the red gastrocnemius (RG) as "standard" limb muscle. Markers of mitochondrial content were two- to fourfold higher in diaphragm (Dia) than in RG (P < 0.05). Maximal O2 consumption (JO2: pmol·s-1·mg-1) in Dia was higher with glutamate, malate, and succinate (Dia 399 ± 127, RG 148 ± 60; P < 0.05) and palmitoyl-CoA + carnitine (Dia 15 ± 5, RG 7 ± 1; P < 0.05) than in RG, but not different between muscles when JO2 was normalized to citrate synthase activity. Absolute JO2 for Dia was two- to fourfold higher than reported in previous studies. Mitochondrial JH2O2 was higher in Dia than in RG (P < 0.05), but lower in Dia than in RG when JH2O2 was normalized to citrate synthase activity. Our findings are consistent with an optimized diaphragm preparation for assessment of intact mitochondria in permeabilized fiber bundles. The data also suggest that higher mitochondrial content potentially makes the diaphragm more susceptible to "mitochondrial onset" myopathy. Overall, the new approach will facilitate testing and understanding of diaphragm mitochondrial function in mouse models that are used to advance biomedical research and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Hahn
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ravi A Kumar
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Leonardo F Ferreira
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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22
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Genome-Wide Profiling of Laron Syndrome Patients Identifies Novel Cancer Protection Pathways. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060596. [PMID: 31208077 PMCID: PMC6627189 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Laron syndrome (LS), or primary growth hormone resistance, is a prototypical congenital insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) deficiency. The recent epidemiological finding that LS patients do not develop cancer is of major scientific and clinical relevance. Epidemiological data suggest that congenital IGF1 deficiency confers protection against the development of malignancies. This ‘experiment of nature’ reflects the critical role of IGF1 in tumor biology. The present review article provides an overview of recently conducted genome-wide profiling analyses aimed at identifying mechanisms and signaling pathways that are directly responsible for the link between life-time low IGF1 levels and protection from tumor development. The review underscores the concept that ‘data mining’ an orphan disease might translate into new developments in oncology.
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23
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Cazzaniga A, Locatelli L, Castiglioni S, Maier JAM. The dynamic adaptation of primary human endothelial cells to simulated microgravity. FASEB J 2019; 33:5957-5966. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801586rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cazzaniga
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. SaccoUniversità di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Laura Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. SaccoUniversità di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. SaccoUniversità di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Jeanette A. M. Maier
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. SaccoUniversità di Milano Milano Italy
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24
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Wilde BR, Ye Z, Lim TY, Ayer DE. Cellular acidosis triggers human MondoA transcriptional activity by driving mitochondrial ATP production. eLife 2019; 8:40199. [PMID: 30717828 PMCID: PMC6363388 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human MondoA requires glucose as well as other modulatory signals to function in transcription. One such signal is acidosis, which increases MondoA activity and also drives a protective gene signature in breast cancer. How low pH controls MondoA transcriptional activity is unknown. We found that low pH medium increases mitochondrial ATP (mtATP), which is subsequently exported from the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondria-bound hexokinase transfers a phosphate from mtATP to cytoplasmic glucose to generate glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), which is an established MondoA activator. The outer mitochondrial membrane localization of MondoA suggests that it is positioned to coordinate the adaptive transcriptional response to a cell’s most abundant energy sources, cytoplasmic glucose and mtATP. In response to acidosis, MondoA shows preferential binding to just two targets, TXNIP and its paralog ARRDC4. Because these transcriptional targets are suppressors of glucose uptake, we propose that MondoA is critical for restoring metabolic homeostasis in response to high energy charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R Wilde
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Zhizhou Ye
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Tian-Yeh Lim
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Donald E Ayer
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
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25
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Huy H, Song HY, Kim MJ, Kim WS, Kim DO, Byun JE, Lee J, Park YJ, Kim TD, Yoon SR, Choi EJ, Lee CH, Noh JY, Jung H, Choi I. TXNIP regulates AKT-mediated cellular senescence by direct interaction under glucose-mediated metabolic stress. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12836. [PMID: 30168649 PMCID: PMC6260918 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an inevitable and universal loss of cell homeostasis and restricts an organism's lifespan by an increased susceptibility to diseases and tissue degeneration. The glucose uptake associated with producing energy for cell survival is one of the major causes of ROS production under physiological conditions. However, the overall mechanisms by which glucose uptake results in cellular senescence remain mysterious. In this study, we found that TXNIP deficiency accelerated the senescent phenotypes of MEF cells under high glucose condition. TXNIP‐/‐ MEF cells showed greater induced glucose uptake and ROS levels than wild‐type cells, and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment rescued the cellular senescence of TXNIP‐/‐ MEF cells. Interestingly, TXNIP‐/‐ MEF cells showed continuous activation of AKT during long‐term subculture, and AKT signaling inhibition completely blocked the cellular senescence of TXNIP‐/‐ MEF cells. In addition, we found that TXNIP interacted with AKT via the PH domain of AKT, and their interaction was increased by high glucose or H2O2 treatment. The inhibition of AKT activity by TXNIP was confirmed using western blotting and an in vitro kinase assay. TXNIP deficiency in type 1 diabetes mice (Akita) efficiently decreased the blood glucose levels and finally increased mouse survival. However, in normal mice, TXNIP deficiency induced metabolic aging of mice and cellular senescence of kidney cells by inducing AKT activity and aging‐associated gene expression. Altogether, these results suggest that TXNIP regulates cellular senescence by inhibiting AKT pathways via a direct interaction under conditions of glucose‐derived metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangsak Huy
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
| | - Hae Young Song
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Won Sam Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Dong Oh Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Byun
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Korea
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Choi
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics; University of Science and Technology (UST); Daejeon Korea
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26
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Ganguly D, Sims M, Cai C, Fan M, Pfeffer LM. Chromatin Remodeling Factor BRG1 Regulates Stemness and Chemosensitivity of Glioma Initiating Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1804-1815. [PMID: 30171737 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor that is refractory to existing therapeutic regimens, which reflects the presence of stem-like cells, termed glioma-initiating cells (GICs). The complex interactions between different signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation of key genes may be critical in the maintaining GICs in their stem-like state. Although several signaling pathways have been identified as being dysregulated in GBM, the prognosis of GBM patients remains miserable despite improvements in targeted therapies. In this report, we identified that BRG1, the catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, plays a fundamental role in maintaining GICs in their stem-like state. In addition, we identified a novel mechanism by which BRG1 regulates glycolysis genes critical for GICs. BRG1 downregulates the expression of TXNIP, a negative regulator of glycolysis. BRG1 knockdown also triggered the STAT3 pathway, which led to TXNIP activation. We further identified that TXNIP is an STAT3-regulated gene. Moreover, BRG1 suppressed the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which are negatively regulated by STAT3 and regulate tumorigenesis. We further demonstrate that BRG1 plays a critical role in the drug resistance of GICs and in GIC-induced tumorigenesis. By genetic and pharmacological means, we found that inhibiting BRG1 can sensitize GICs to chemotherapeutic drugs, temozolomide and carmustine. Our studies suggest that BRG1 may be a novel therapeutic target in GBM. The identification of the critical role that BRG1 plays in GIC stemness and chemosensitivity will inform the development of better targeted therapies in GBM and possibly other cancers. Stem Cells 2018;36:1806-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debolina Ganguly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michelle Sims
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chun Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Meiyun Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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27
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Nespolo RF, Gaitan-Espitia JD, Quintero-Galvis JF, Fernandez FV, Silva AX, Molina C, Storey KB, Bozinovic F. A functional transcriptomic analysis in the relict marsupial Dromiciops gliroides
reveals adaptive regulation of protective functions during hibernation. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4489-4500. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto F. Nespolo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
- Departamento de Ecología; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio); Santiago Chile
| | - Juan Diego Gaitan-Espitia
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Julian F. Quintero-Galvis
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Fernanda V. Fernandez
- Instituto de Fisiología; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Andrea X. Silva
- AUSTRALomics, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Desarrollo y Creación Artística; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Cristian Molina
- AUSTRALomics, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Desarrollo y Creación Artística; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Kenneth B. Storey
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry; Carleton University; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES); Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
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28
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Shen F, Xiong Z, Kong J, Wang L, Cheng Y, Jin J, Huang Z. Triptolide impairs thioredoxin system by suppressing Notch1-mediated PTEN/Akt/Txnip signaling in hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 2018; 300:105-115. [PMID: 30394310 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is the main ingredient of Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. (TWHF). Despite of its multifunction in pharmaceutics, accumulating evidences showed that TP caused obvious hepatotoxicity in clinic. The current study investigated the role of Notch1 signaling in TP-induced hepatotoxicity. Our data indicated that TP inhibited the protein expression of Notch1 and its active form Notch intracellular domain (NICD) leading to increased PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten) expression. Moreover, PTEN triggered Txnip (thioredoxin-interacting protein) activation by inhibiting Akt phosphorylation, which resulted in reduction of Trx (thioredoxin). In conclusion, TP caused liver injury through initiating oxidative stress in hepatocyte. This study indicated the potency of Notch1 to protect against TP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihai Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhewen Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiamin Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yisen Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhiying Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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29
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Kong X, Yao T, Zhou P, Kazak L, Tenen D, Lyubetskaya A, Dawes BA, Tsai L, Kahn BB, Spiegelman BM, Liu T, Rosen ED. Brown Adipose Tissue Controls Skeletal Muscle Function via the Secretion of Myostatin. Cell Metab 2018; 28:631-643.e3. [PMID: 30078553 PMCID: PMC6170693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue (BAT) are functionally linked, as exercise increases browning via secretion of myokines. It is unknown whether BAT affects muscle function. Here, we find that loss of the transcription factor IRF4 in BAT (BATI4KO) reduces exercise capacity, mitochondrial function, ribosomal protein synthesis, and mTOR signaling in muscle and causes tubular aggregate formation. Loss of IRF4 induces myogenic gene expression in BAT, including the secreted factor myostatin, a known inhibitor of muscle function. Reducing myostatin via neutralizing antibodies or soluble receptor rescues the exercise capacity of BATI4KO mice. In addition, overexpression of IRF4 in brown adipocytes reduces serum myostatin and increases exercise capacity in muscle. Finally, mice housed at thermoneutrality have reduced IRF4 in BAT, lower exercise capacity, and elevated serum myostatin; these abnormalities are corrected by excising BAT. Collectively, our data point to an unsuspected level of BAT-muscle crosstalk driven by IRF4 and myostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Kong
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Ting Yao
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peng Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lawrence Kazak
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Danielle Tenen
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anna Lyubetskaya
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brian A Dawes
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Linus Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Barbara B Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tiemin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rare Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211166, PR China.
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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30
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Ras Suppresses TXNIP Expression by Restricting Ribosome Translocation. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00178-18. [PMID: 30037981 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00178-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic Ras upregulates aerobic glycolysis to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of rapidly growing cells. In contrast, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a potent inhibitor of glucose uptake and is frequently downregulated in human cancers. Our laboratory previously discovered that Ras activation suppresses TXNIP transcription and translation. In this study, we developed a system to study how Ras affects TXNIP translation in the absence of transcriptional effects. We show that whereas Ras drives a global increase in protein translation, it suppresses TXNIP protein synthesis by reducing the rate at which ribosomes transit the coding region of TXNIP mRNA. To investigate the underlying mechanism(s), we randomized or optimized the codons in the TXNIP message without altering the TXNIP primary amino acid sequence. Translation from these mRNA variants was still repressed by Ras, implying that mRNA secondary structure, microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA binding proteins, or codon usage does not contribute to the blockade of TXNIP synthesis. Rather, we show that the N terminus of the growing TXNIP polypeptide is the target for Ras-dependent translational repression. Our work demonstrates how Ras suppresses TXNIP translation elongation in the face of a global upregulation of protein synthesis and provides new insight into Ras-dependent metabolic reprogramming.
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31
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Zhang N, Zhou Y, Yuan Q, Gao Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Cui X, Xu P, Ji C, Guo X, You L, Gu N, Zeng Y. Dynamic transcriptome profile in db/db skeletal muscle reveal critical roles for long noncoding RNA regulator. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 104:14-24. [PMID: 30179676 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T2DM is a global health problem that seriously lowers the quality of life and insulin resistance makes a considerable contribution to the pathophysiology of T2DM. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs in db/db mice skeletal muscle and their potential roles involved in skeletal muscle insulin resistance (IR) remains poorly characterized. Here, we identified 331 lncRNAs, 172 upregulated and 159 downregulated (|fold change|>2, q<0.05), differentially expressed in db/db mice skeletal muscle. Gene Ontology analysis, Pathway analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of network gene expression revealed the potential functions of dysregulated lncRNAs may involve skeletal muscle function, fatty acid metabolism and the PPAR signaling pathway. In addition, differentially expressed lncRNAs were verified in skeletal muscle from the widely known IR mouse models (db/db and ob/ob mice). Further validation of lncRNAs in C2C12 myotubes exposed with various concentrations of palmitate uncovered that lncRNAs were responsive to palmitate exposure at the high concentrations (0.5mM and 0.75mM). Coexpression analysis revealed the key lncRNA-mRNA interactions and indicated a potential regulatory role of lncRNAs. Moreover, we characterized two candidate lncRNAs Gm15441 and 3110045C21Rik by a comprehensive examination of their genomic context and validated their expression with neighboring genes (Txnip and Ddr2) by the Spearman correlation analysis. Collectively, these findings improve our understanding of lncRNAs that mediate skeletal muscle insulin resistance in diabetes and represent potential molecular therapeutic targets to improve insulin sensitivity and associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China; The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xu Zhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of LianYun Gang, The First Affiliated Hospital of KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, LianYun Gang, 222000, China
| | - Yahui Zhou
- Department ofPediatrics, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Jingjiang, 214500, China
| | - Qingxin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Gao
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xianwei Cui
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Chenbo Ji
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xirong Guo
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Lianghui You
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Nan Gu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, China
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32
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White PJ, McGarrah RW, Grimsrud PA, Tso SC, Yang WH, Haldeman JM, Grenier-Larouche T, An J, Lapworth AL, Astapova I, Hannou SA, George T, Arlotto M, Olson LB, Lai M, Zhang GF, Ilkayeva O, Herman MA, Wynn RM, Chuang DT, Newgard CB. The BCKDH Kinase and Phosphatase Integrate BCAA and Lipid Metabolism via Regulation of ATP-Citrate Lyase. Cell Metab 2018; 27:1281-1293.e7. [PMID: 29779826 PMCID: PMC5990471 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are strongly associated with dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report that inhibition of the kinase (BDK) or overexpression of the phosphatase (PPM1K) that regulates branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), the committed step of BCAA catabolism, lowers circulating BCAA, reduces hepatic steatosis, and improves glucose tolerance in the absence of weight loss in Zucker fatty rats. Phosphoproteomics analysis identified ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) as an alternate substrate of BDK and PPM1K. Hepatic overexpression of BDK increased ACL phosphorylation and activated de novo lipogenesis. BDK and PPM1K transcript levels were increased and repressed, respectively, in response to fructose feeding or expression of the ChREBP-β transcription factor. These studies identify BDK and PPM1K as a ChREBP-regulated node that integrates BCAA and lipid metabolism. Moreover, manipulation of the BDK:PPM1K ratio relieves key metabolic disease phenotypes in a genetic model of severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J White
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Robert W McGarrah
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Shih-Chia Tso
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wen-Hsuan Yang
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jonathan M Haldeman
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Thomas Grenier-Larouche
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jie An
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Amanda L Lapworth
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Inna Astapova
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Sarah A Hannou
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Tabitha George
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Michelle Arlotto
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Lyra B Olson
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Michelle Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Mark A Herman
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - R Max Wynn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David T Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
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Palmitate and insulin counteract glucose-induced thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) expression in insulin secreting cells via distinct mechanisms. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198016. [PMID: 29813102 PMCID: PMC5973613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose and palmitate synergistically stimulate insulin secretion, but chronically elevated they induce apoptotic β-cell death. The glucotoxic effect has been attributed, at least partly, to the upregulation of the oxidative stress marker thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP). Palmitate downregulates TXNIP expression, the functional significance of which is still under debate. This study examines the mechanism and consequence of palmitate-mediated TXNIP regulation in insulin secreting cells. Palmitate (600 μM) reduced TXNIP mRNA levels in isolated human and mouse islets independently of FFAR1/GPR40. Similar effects of palmitate were observed in INS-1E cells and mimicked by other long chain fatty acids. The lowering of TXNIP mRNA was significant already 1 h after addition of palmitate, persisted for 24 h and was directly translated to changes in TXNIP protein. The pharmacological inhibition of palmitate-induced phosphorylation of AMPK, ERK1/2, JNK and PKCα/β by BML-275, PD98059, SP600125 and Gö6976, respectively, did not abolish palmitate-mediated TXNIP downregulation. The effect of palmitate was superimposed by a time-dependent (8 h and 24 h) decline of TXNIP mRNA and protein. This decline correlated with accumulation of secreted insulin into the medium. Accordingly, exogenously added insulin reduced TXNIP mRNA and protein levels, an effect counteracted by the insulin/IGF-1 receptor antagonist linsitinib. The inhibition of PI3K and Akt/PKB increased TXNIP mRNA levels. The histone deacetylase (HDAC1/2/3) inhibitor MS-275 completely abrogated the time-dependent, insulin-mediated reduction of TXNIP, leaving the effect of palmitate unaltered. Acute stimulation of insulin secretion and chronic accentuation of cell death by palmitate occurred independently of TXNIP regulation. On the contrary, palmitate antagonized glucose-augmented ROS production. In conclusion, glucose-induced TXNIP expression is efficiently antagonized by two independent mechanisms, namely via an autocrine activation of insulin/IGF-1 receptors involving HDAC and by palmitate attenuating oxidative stress of β-cells.
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34
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Sakellariou GK, Lightfoot AP, Earl KE, Stofanko M, McDonagh B. Redox homeostasis and age-related deficits in neuromuscular integrity and function. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:881-906. [PMID: 28744984 PMCID: PMC5700439 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major site of metabolic activity and is the most abundant tissue in the human body. Age-related muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) and weakness, characterized by progressive loss of lean muscle mass and function, is a major contributor to morbidity and has a profound effect on the quality of life of older people. With a continuously growing older population (estimated 2 billion of people aged >60 by 2050), demand for medical and social care due to functional deficits, associated with neuromuscular ageing, will inevitably increase. Despite the importance of this 'epidemic' problem, the primary biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying age-related deficits in neuromuscular integrity and function have not been fully determined. Skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) from a variety of subcellular sources, and age-associated oxidative damage has been suggested to be a major factor contributing to the initiation and progression of muscle atrophy inherent with ageing. RONS can modulate a variety of intracellular signal transduction processes, and disruption of these events over time due to altered redox control has been proposed as an underlying mechanism of ageing. The role of oxidants in ageing has been extensively examined in different model organisms that have undergone genetic manipulations with inconsistent findings. Transgenic and knockout rodent studies have provided insight into the function of RONS regulatory systems in neuromuscular ageing. This review summarizes almost 30 years of research in the field of redox homeostasis and muscle ageing, providing a detailed discussion of the experimental approaches that have been undertaken in murine models to examine the role of redox regulation in age-related muscle atrophy and weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam P. Lightfoot
- School of Healthcare ScienceManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM1 5GDUK
| | - Kate E. Earl
- MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL7 8TXUK
| | - Martin Stofanko
- Microvisk Technologies LtdThe Quorum7600 Oxford Business ParkOxfordOX4 2JZUK
| | - Brian McDonagh
- MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL7 8TXUK
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineNational University of IrelandGalwayIreland
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35
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Anisodamine inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. Apoptosis 2017; 22:1524-1531. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Klein Geltink RI, O'Sullivan D, Corrado M, Bremser A, Buck MD, Buescher JM, Firat E, Zhu X, Niedermann G, Caputa G, Kelly B, Warthorst U, Rensing-Ehl A, Kyle RL, Vandersarren L, Curtis JD, Patterson AE, Lawless S, Grzes K, Qiu J, Sanin DE, Kretz O, Huber TB, Janssens S, Lambrecht BN, Rambold AS, Pearce EJ, Pearce EL. Mitochondrial Priming by CD28. Cell 2017; 171:385-397.e11. [PMID: 28919076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) signaling without CD28 can elicit primary effector T cells, but memory T cells generated during this process are anergic, failing to respond to secondary antigen exposure. We show that, upon T cell activation, CD28 transiently promotes expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a), an enzyme that facilitates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO), before the first cell division, coinciding with mitochondrial elongation and enhanced spare respiratory capacity (SRC). microRNA-33 (miR33), a target of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), attenuates Cpt1a expression in the absence of CD28, resulting in cells that thereafter are metabolically compromised during reactivation or periods of increased bioenergetic demand. Early CD28-dependent mitochondrial engagement is needed for T cells to remodel cristae, develop SRC, and rapidly produce cytokines upon restimulation-cardinal features of protective memory T cells. Our data show that initial CD28 signals during T cell activation prime mitochondria with latent metabolic capacity that is essential for future T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon I Klein Geltink
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Bremser
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Buck
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elke Firat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xuekai Zhu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), Shanghai Tech University, 201210 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - George Caputa
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beth Kelly
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Warthorst
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Rensing-Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ryan L Kyle
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lana Vandersarren
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D Curtis
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette E Patterson
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lawless
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Grzes
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David E Sanin
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Center for Biological Signaling Studies and Center for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Angelika S Rambold
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
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McCurdy CE, Schenk S, Hetrick B, Houck J, Drew BG, Kaye S, Lashbrook M, Bergman BC, Takahashi DL, Dean TA, Nemkov T, Gertsman I, Hansen KC, Philp A, Hevener AL, Chicco AJ, Aagaard KM, Grove KL, Friedman JE. Maternal obesity reduces oxidative capacity in fetal skeletal muscle of Japanese macaques. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86612. [PMID: 27734025 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is proposed to alter the programming of metabolic systems in the offspring, increasing the risk for developing metabolic diseases; however, the cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we used a nonhuman primate model to examine the impact of a maternal Western-style diet (WSD) alone, or in combination with obesity (Ob/WSD), on fetal skeletal muscle metabolism studied in the early third trimester. We find that fetal muscle responds to Ob/WSD by upregulating fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial complex activity, and metabolic switches (CPT-1, PDK4) that promote lipid utilization over glucose oxidation. Ob/WSD fetuses also had reduced mitochondrial content, diminished oxidative capacity, and lower mitochondrial efficiency in muscle. The decrease in oxidative capacity and glucose metabolism was persistent in primary myotubes from Ob/WSD fetuses despite no additional lipid-induced stress. Switching obese mothers to a healthy diet prior to pregnancy did not improve fetal muscle mitochondrial function. Lastly, while maternal WSD alone led only to intermediary changes in fetal muscle metabolism, it was sufficient to increase oxidative damage and cellular stress. Our findings suggest that maternal obesity or WSD, alone or in combination, leads to programmed decreases in oxidative metabolism in offspring muscle. These alterations may have important implications for future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie E McCurdy
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Byron Hetrick
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Julie Houck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian G Drew
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Diabetes and Dyslipidaemia Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
| | - Spencer Kaye
- Departments of Health and Exercise Science and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Melanie Lashbrook
- Departments of Health and Exercise Science and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Diana L Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Tyler A Dean
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ilya Gertsman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew Philp
- School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Departments of Health and Exercise Science and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin L Grove
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.,Novo Nordisk Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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38
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Margaritelis NV, Cobley JN, Paschalis V, Veskoukis AS, Theodorou AA, Kyparos A, Nikolaidis MG. Going retro: Oxidative stress biomarkers in modern redox biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 98:2-12. [PMID: 26855421 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The field of redox biology is inherently intertwined with oxidative stress biomarkers. Oxidative stress biomarkers have been utilized for many different objectives. Our analysis indicates that oxidative stress biomarkers have several salient applications: (1) diagnosing oxidative stress, (2) pinpointing likely redox components in a physiological or pathological process and (3) estimating the severity, progression and/or regression of a disease. On the contrary, oxidative stress biomarkers do not report on redox signaling. Alternative approaches to gain more mechanistic insights are: (1) measuring molecules that are integrated in pathways linking redox biochemistry with physiology, (2) using the exomarker approach and (3) exploiting -omics techniques. More sophisticated approaches and large trials are needed to establish oxidative stress biomarkers in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agios Ioannis, 62110 Serres, Greece; Intensive Care Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J N Cobley
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, UK
| | - V Paschalis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, Trikala, Greece; Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A S Veskoukis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agios Ioannis, 62110 Serres, Greece
| | - A A Theodorou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agios Ioannis, 62110 Serres, Greece
| | - M G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agios Ioannis, 62110 Serres, Greece.
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39
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Mitchell SJ, Madrigal-Matute J, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Fang E, Aon M, González-Reyes JA, Cortassa S, Kaushik S, Gonzalez-Freire M, Patel B, Wahl D, Ali A, Calvo-Rubio M, Burón MI, Guiterrez V, Ward TM, Palacios HH, Cai H, Frederick DW, Hine C, Broeskamp F, Habering L, Dawson J, Beasley TM, Wan J, Ikeno Y, Hubbard G, Becker KG, Zhang Y, Bohr VA, Longo DL, Navas P, Ferrucci L, Sinclair DA, Cohen P, Egan JM, Mitchell JR, Baur JA, Allison DB, Anson RM, Villalba JM, Madeo F, Cuervo AM, Pearson KJ, Ingram DK, Bernier M, de Cabo R. Effects of Sex, Strain, and Energy Intake on Hallmarks of Aging in Mice. Cell Metab 2016; 23:1093-1112. [PMID: 27304509 PMCID: PMC4911707 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is the most robust non-genetic intervention to delay aging. However, there are a number of emerging experimental variables that alter CR responses. We investigated the role of sex, strain, and level of CR on health and survival in mice. CR did not always correlate with lifespan extension, although it consistently improved health across strains and sexes. Transcriptional and metabolomics changes driven by CR in liver indicated anaplerotic filling of the Krebs cycle together with fatty acid fueling of mitochondria. CR prevented age-associated decline in the liver proteostasis network while increasing mitochondrial number, preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and function with age. Abrogation of mitochondrial function negated life-prolonging effects of CR in yeast and worms. Our data illustrate the complexity of CR in the context of aging, with a clear separation of outcomes related to health and survival, highlighting complexities of translation of CR into human interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Mitchell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Evandro Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Aon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sonia Cortassa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Bindi Patel
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Devin Wahl
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Calvo-Rubio
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María I Burón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vincent Guiterrez
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Theresa M Ward
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hector H Palacios
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Huan Cai
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David W Frederick
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher Hine
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Filomena Broeskamp
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Habering
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - John Dawson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - T Mark Beasley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Dan L Longo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - R Michael Anson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José M Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kevin J Pearson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, C.T. Wethington Building, Room 591, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donald K Ingram
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Wang W, Lee SJ, Scott PA, Lu X, Emery D, Liu Y, Ezashi T, Roberts MR, Ross JW, Kaplan HJ, Dean DC. Two-Step Reactivation of Dormant Cones in Retinitis Pigmentosa. Cell Rep 2016; 15:372-85. [PMID: 27050517 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Most retinitis pigmentosa (RP) mutations arise in rod photoreceptor genes, leading to diminished peripheral and nighttime vision. Using a pig model of autosomal-dominant RP, we show glucose becomes sequestered in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and, thus, is not transported to photoreceptors. The resulting starvation for glucose metabolites impairs synthesis of cone visual pigment-rich outer segments (OSs), and then their mitochondrial-rich inner segments dissociate. Loss of these functional structures diminishes cone-dependent high-resolution central vision, which is utilized for most daily tasks. By transplanting wild-type rods, to restore glucose transport, or directly replacing glucose in the subretinal space, to bypass its retention in the RPE, we can regenerate cone functional structures, reactivating the dormant cells. Beyond providing metabolic building blocks for cone functional structures, we show glucose induces thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) to regulate Akt signaling, thereby shunting metabolites toward aerobic glucose metabolism and regenerating cone OS synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sang Joon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Patrick A Scott
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Douglas Emery
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Yongqin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Birth Defects Center, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michael R Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Henry J Kaplan
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Douglas C Dean
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Molecular Targets Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Birth Defects Center, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Aubert G, Martin OJ, Horton JL, Lai L, Vega RB, Leone TC, Koves T, Gardell SJ, Krüger M, Hoppel CL, Lewandowski ED, Crawford PA, Muoio DM, Kelly DP. The Failing Heart Relies on Ketone Bodies as a Fuel. Circulation 2016; 133:698-705. [PMID: 26819376 PMCID: PMC4766035 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.017355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant evidence indicates that the failing heart is energy starved. During the development of heart failure, the capacity of the heart to utilize fatty acids, the chief fuel, is diminished. Identification of alternate pathways for myocardial fuel oxidation could unveil novel strategies to treat heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative mitochondrial proteomics was used to identify energy metabolic derangements that occur during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in well-defined mouse models. As expected, the amounts of proteins involved in fatty acid utilization were downregulated in myocardial samples from the failing heart. Conversely, expression of β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1, a key enzyme in the ketone oxidation pathway, was increased in the heart failure samples. Studies of relative oxidation in an isolated heart preparation using ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance combined with targeted quantitative myocardial metabolomic profiling using mass spectrometry revealed that the hypertrophied and failing heart shifts to oxidizing ketone bodies as a fuel source in the context of reduced capacity to oxidize fatty acids. Distinct myocardial metabolomic signatures of ketone oxidation were identified. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the hypertrophied and failing heart shifts to ketone bodies as a significant fuel source for oxidative ATP production. Specific metabolite biosignatures of in vivo cardiac ketone utilization were identified. Future studies aimed at determining whether this fuel shift is adaptive or maladaptive could unveil new therapeutic strategies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Aubert
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Ola J Martin
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Julie L Horton
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Ling Lai
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Rick B Vega
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Teresa C Leone
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Timothy Koves
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Stephen J Gardell
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Peter A Crawford
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.).
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Johnson ML, Distelmaier K, Lanza IR, Irving BA, Robinson MM, Konopka AR, Shulman GI, Nair KS. Mechanism by Which Caloric Restriction Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary Obese Adults. Diabetes 2016; 65:74-84. [PMID: 26324180 PMCID: PMC4686951 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the incidence of diabetes in obese individuals. The underlying mechanisms whereby CR improves insulin sensitivity are not clear. We evaluated the effect of 16 weeks of CR on whole-body insulin sensitivity by pancreatic clamp before and after CR in 11 obese participants (BMI = 35 kg/m(2)) compared with 9 matched control subjects (BMI = 34 kg/m(2)). Compared with the control subjects, CR increased the glucose infusion rate needed to maintain euglycemia during hyperinsulinemia, indicating enhancement of peripheral insulin sensitivity. This improvement in insulin sensitivity was not accompanied by changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity or oxidant emissions, nor were there changes in skeletal muscle ceramide, diacylglycerol, or amino acid metabolite levels. However, CR lowered insulin-stimulated thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) levels and enhanced nonoxidative glucose disposal. These results support a role for TXNIP in mediating the improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity after CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Brian A Irving
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Matthew M Robinson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Adam R Konopka
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan J Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Center for Health Disparities, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
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44
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Zhang T, Zhang A, Qiu S, Yang S, Wang X. Current Trends and Innovations in Bioanalytical Techniques of Metabolomics. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 46:342-51. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2015.1079475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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45
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Seiler SE, Koves TR, Gooding JR, Wong KE, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Wittmann AH, DeBalsi KL, Davies MN, Lindeboom L, Schrauwen P, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Muoio DM. Carnitine Acetyltransferase Mitigates Metabolic Inertia and Muscle Fatigue during Exercise. Cell Metab 2015; 22:65-76. [PMID: 26154055 PMCID: PMC4754082 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acylcarnitine metabolites have gained attention as biomarkers of nutrient stress, but their physiological relevance and metabolic purpose remain poorly understood. Short-chain carnitine conjugates, including acetylcarnitine, derive from their corresponding acyl-CoA precursors via the action of carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT), a bidirectional mitochondrial matrix enzyme. We show here that contractile activity reverses acetylcarnitine flux in muscle, from net production and efflux at rest to net uptake and consumption during exercise. Disruption of this switch in mice with muscle-specific CrAT deficiency resulted in acetyl-CoA deficit, perturbed energy charge, and diminished exercise tolerance, whereas acetylcarnitine supplementation produced opposite outcomes in a CrAT-dependent manner. Likewise, in exercise-trained compared to untrained humans, post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery rates were positively associated with CrAT activity and coincided with dramatic shifts in muscle acetylcarnitine dynamics. These findings show acetylcarnitine serves as a critical acetyl buffer for working muscles and provide insight into potential therapeutic strategies for combatting exercise intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Seiler
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA; Division of Geriatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Jessica R Gooding
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Kari E Wong
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Robert D Stevens
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - April H Wittmann
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Karen L DeBalsi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Michael N Davies
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Lucas Lindeboom
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Radiology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA; Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC 27704, USA.
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Byon CH, Han T, Wu J, Hui ST. Txnip ablation reduces vascular smooth muscle cell inflammation and ameliorates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:313-21. [PMID: 26062991 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is intimately linked to atherosclerosis and other vascular inflammatory disease. Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) is a key regulator of cellular sulfhydryl redox and a mediator of inflammasome activation. The goals of the present study were to examine the impact of Txnip ablation on inflammatory response to oxidative stress in VSMC and to determine the effect of Txnip ablation on atherosclerosis in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Using cultured VSMC, we showed that ablation of Txnip reduced cellular oxidative stress and increased protection from oxidative stress when challenged with oxidized phospholipids and hydrogen peroxide. Correspondingly, expression of inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules were diminished in both VSMC and macrophages from Txnip knockout mice. The blunted inflammatory response was associated with a decrease in NF-ĸB nuclear translocation. Loss of Txnip in VSMC also led to a dramatic reduction in macrophage adhesion to VSMC. In vivo data from Txnip-ApoE double knockout mice showed that Txnip ablation led to 49% reduction in atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic root and 71% reduction in the abdominal aorta, compared to control ApoE knockout mice. CONCLUSION Our data show that Txnip plays an important role in oxidative inflammatory response and atherosclerotic lesion development in mice. The atheroprotective effect of Txnip ablation implicates that modulation of Txnip expression may serve as a potential target for intervention of atherosclerosis and inflammatory vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyun Byon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tieyan Han
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Judy Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Simon T Hui
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Qiao S, Dennis M, Song X, Vadysirisack DD, Salunke D, Nash Z, Yang Z, Liesa M, Yoshioka J, Matsuzawa SI, Shirihai OS, Lee RT, Reed JC, Ellisen LW. A REDD1/TXNIP pro-oxidant complex regulates ATG4B activity to control stress-induced autophagy and sustain exercise capacity. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7014. [PMID: 25916556 PMCID: PMC4421852 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a critical cellular stress response; however, the signal transduction pathways controlling autophagy induction in response to stress are poorly understood. Here we reveal a new mechanism of autophagy control whose deregulation disrupts mitochondrial integrity and energy homeostasis in vivo. Stress conditions including hypoxia and exercise induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through upregulation of a protein complex involving REDD1, an mTORC1 inhibitor and the pro-oxidant protein TXNIP. Decreased ROS in cells and tissues lacking either REDD1 or TXNIP increases catalytic activity of the redox-sensitive ATG4B cysteine endopeptidase, leading to enhanced LC3B delipidation and failed autophagy. Conversely, REDD1/TXNIP complex expression is sufficient to induce ROS, suppress ATG4B activity and activate autophagy. In Redd1−/− mice, deregulated ATG4B activity and disabled autophagic flux cause accumulation of defective mitochondria, leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation, muscle ATP depletion and poor exercise capacity. Thus, ROS regulation through REDD1/TXNIP is physiological rheostat controlling stress-induced autophagy. Stress-induced macroautophagy is initiated by the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here Qiao et al. show that the mTOR inhibitor REDD1 in a complex with pro-oxidant protein TXNIP induces ROS formation, leading to ATG4B suppression and autophagy activation in a largely mTOR-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxi Qiao
- 1] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Michael Dennis
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Xiufeng Song
- 1] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Douangsone D Vadysirisack
- 1] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Devika Salunke
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Zachary Nash
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine, Evans Center, Mitochondria ARC, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Jun Yoshioka
- 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shu-Ichi Matsuzawa
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- 1] Department of Medicine, Evans Center, Mitochondria ARC, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA [2] Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Richard T Lee
- 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - John C Reed
- 1] Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA [2] Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- 1] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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McDonagh B, Sakellariou GK, Smith NT, Brownridge P, Jackson MJ. Differential cysteine labeling and global label-free proteomics reveals an altered metabolic state in skeletal muscle aging. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:5008-21. [PMID: 25181601 PMCID: PMC4227305 DOI: 10.1021/pr5006394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
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The
molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle aging and associated
sarcopenia have been linked to an altered oxidative status of redox-sensitive
proteins. Reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)
generated by contracting skeletal muscle are necessary for optimal
protein function, signaling, and adaptation. To investigate the redox
proteome of aging gastrocnemius muscles from adult and old male mice,
we developed a label-free quantitative proteomic approach that includes
a differential cysteine labeling step. The approach allows simultaneous
identification of up- and downregulated proteins between samples in
addition to the identification and relative quantification of the
reversible oxidation state of susceptible redox cysteine residues.
Results from muscles of adult and old mice indicate significant changes
in the content of chaperone, glucose metabolism, and cytoskeletal
regulatory proteins, including Protein DJ-1, cAMP-dependent protein
kinase type II, 78 kDa glucose regulated protein, and a reduction
in the number of redox-responsive proteins identified in muscle of
old mice. Results demonstrate skeletal muscle aging causes a reduction
in redox-sensitive proteins involved in the generation of precursor
metabolites and energy metabolism, indicating a loss in the flexibility
of the redox energy response. Data is available via ProteomeXchange
with identifier PXD001054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian McDonagh
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Aging (CIMA), Skeletal Muscle Pathophysiology Research Group, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, ‡Protein Function Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
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