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Khamrui E, Banerjee S, Mukherjee DD, Biswas K. Emerging role of MAPK signaling in glycosphingolipid-associated tumorigenesis. Glycoconj J 2024:10.1007/s10719-024-10168-5. [PMID: 39368037 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a type of amphipathic lipid molecules consisting of hydrophobic ceramide backbone bound to carbohydrate moiety clustered in the cell surface microdomains named 'lipid rafts' and are known to participate in cell-cell communication as well as intra-cellular signaling, thereby facilitating critical normal cellular processes and functions. Over the past several decades, various GSLs have been reported to be aberrantly expressed in different cancers, many of which have been associated with their prognosis. The wide implication of MAPK signaling in controlling tumor growth, progression, and metastasis through activation of an upstream signaling cascade, often originating in the cell membrane, justifies the rationale for its plausible influence on MAPK signaling. This review highlights the role of GSLs and their metabolites in regulating different signaling pathways towards modulation of tumor cell growth, migration, and adhesion by interacting with various receptors [epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)] leading to activation of the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, GSLs can influence the activity and localization of downstream signaling components in the MAPK pathway by regulating the activation state of kinases, which in turn, regulate the activity of MAPKs. Additionally, this review further consolidates the GSL-mediated modulation of MAPK pathway components through the regulation of gene expression. Finally, recent findings on GSL-MAPK crosstalk will be explored in this article for the identification of potential anti-cancer therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Khamrui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN-80, Bidhan Nagar, Salt Lake, Sector-V, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Sounak Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN-80, Bidhan Nagar, Salt Lake, Sector-V, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Dipanwita Das Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN-80, Bidhan Nagar, Salt Lake, Sector-V, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN-80, Bidhan Nagar, Salt Lake, Sector-V, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India.
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2
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Tsuchida A, Hachisu K, Mizuno M, Takada Y, Ideo H. High expression of B3GALT5 suppresses the galectin-4-mediated peritoneal dissemination of poorly differentiated gastric cancer cells. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwae064. [PMID: 39163480 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis frequently accompanies metastatic and/or recurrent gastric cancer, leading to a poor prognosis owing to a lack of effective treatment. Hence, there is a pressing need to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms and molecules driving peritoneal metastasis. In a previous study, galectin-4 inhibition impeded peritoneal metastasis in a murine model. This study examined the glycan profiles of cell surface proteins and glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in cells with varying tumorigenic potentials to understand the intricate mechanisms underlying galectin-4-mediated regulation, particularly glycosylation. Detailed mass spectrometry analysis showed that galectin-4 knockout cells exhibit increased expression of lacto-series GSLs with β1,3-linked galactose while showing no significant alterations in neolacto-series GSLs. We conducted real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to identify candidate glycosyltransferases that synthesize increased levels of GSLs. Subsequently, we introduced the candidate B3GALT5 gene and selected the clones with high expression levels. B3GALT5 gene-expressing clones showed GSL glycan profiles like those of knockout cells and significantly reduced tumorigenic ability in mouse models. These clones exhibited diminished proliferative capacity and showed reduced expression of galectin-4 and activated AKT. Moreover, co-localization of galectin-4 with flotillin-2 (a raft marker) decreased in B3GALT5-expressing cells, implicating GSLs in galectin-4 localization to lipid rafts. D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (a GSL synthase inhibitor) also affected galectin-4 localization in rafts, suggesting the involvement of GSL microdomains. We discovered that B3GALT5 plays a crucial role in regulating peritoneal metastasis of malignant gastric cancer cells by suppressing cell proliferation and modulating lipid rafts and galectin-4 via mechanisms that are yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Tsuchida
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, The Noguchi Institute, 1-9-7, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Kazuko Hachisu
- Laboratory of Glyco-organic Chemistry, The Noguchi Institute, 1-9-7, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mizuno
- Laboratory of Glyco-organic Chemistry, The Noguchi Institute, 1-9-7, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takada
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, The Noguchi Institute, 1-9-7, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ideo
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, The Noguchi Institute, 1-9-7, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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3
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Hasnat MA, Ohmi Y, Yesmin F, Kambe M, Kawamoto Y, Bhuiyan RH, Mizutani M, Hashimoto N, Tsuchida A, Ohkawa Y, Kaneko K, Tajima O, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Crucial roles of exosomes secreted from ganglioside GD3/GD2-positive glioma cells in enhancement of the malignant phenotypes and signals of GD3/GD2-negative glioma cells. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2024; 86:435-451. [PMID: 39355364 PMCID: PMC11439612 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.86.3.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Neuroectoderm-derived tumors characteristically express gangliosides such as GD3 and GD2. Many studies have reported that gangliosides GD3/GD2 enhance malignant phenotypes of cancers. Recently, we reported that human gliomas expressing GD3/GD2 exhibited enhanced malignant phenotypes. Here, we investigated the function of GD3/GD2 in glioma cells and GD3/GD2-expressing glioma-derived exosomes. As reported previously, transfectant cells of human glioma U251 MG expressing GD3/GD2 showed enhanced cancer phenotypes compared with GD3/GD2-negative controls. When GD3/GD2-negative cells were treated with exosomes secreted from GD3/GD2-positive cells, clearly increased malignant properties were observed. Furthermore, increased phosphorylation of signaling molecules was detected after 5-15 min of exosome treatment, ie, higher tyrosine phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor, focal adhesion kinase, and paxillin was found in treated cells than in controls. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 was also enhanced. Consequently, it is suggested that exosomes secreted from GD3/GD2-positive gliomas play important roles in enhancement of the malignant properties of glioma cells, leading to total aggravation of heterogenous cancer tissues, and also in the regulation of tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abul Hasnat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Farhana Yesmin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kawamoto
- Department of Immunology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Momoka Mizutani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University School of Dentistry, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Laboratory of Glyco-bioengineering, The Noguchi Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
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Biricioiu MR, Sarbu M, Ica R, Vukelić Ž, Kalanj-Bognar S, Zamfir AD. Advances in Mass Spectrometry of Gangliosides Expressed in Brain Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1335. [PMID: 38279335 PMCID: PMC10816113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are highly abundant in the human brain where they are involved in major biological events. In brain cancers, alterations of ganglioside pattern occur, some of which being correlated with neoplastic transformation, while others with tumor proliferation. Of all techniques, mass spectrometry (MS) has proven to be one of the most effective in gangliosidomics, due to its ability to characterize heterogeneous mixtures and discover species with biomarker value. This review highlights the most significant achievements of MS in the analysis of gangliosides in human brain cancers. The first part presents the latest state of MS development in the discovery of ganglioside markers in primary brain tumors, with a particular emphasis on the ion mobility separation (IMS) MS and its contribution to the elucidation of the gangliosidome associated with aggressive tumors. The second part is focused on MS of gangliosides in brain metastases, highlighting the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS, microfluidics-MS and tandem MS to decipher and structurally characterize species involved in the metastatic process. In the end, several conclusions and perspectives are presented, among which the need for development of reliable software and a user-friendly structural database as a search platform in brain tumor diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Roxana Biricioiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Raluca Ica
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Svjetlana Kalanj-Bognar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Alina D. Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania
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5
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Hein V, Baeza-Kallee N, Bertucci A, Colin C, Tchoghandjian A, Figarella-Branger D, Tabouret E. GD3 ganglioside is a promising therapeutic target for glioma patients. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae038. [PMID: 38590763 PMCID: PMC11000324 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Currently, no curative treatment is available. Despite first-line treatment composed by the association of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, relapse remains inevitable in a median delay of 6 to 10 months. Improving patient management and developing new therapeutic strategies are therefore a critical medical need in neuro-oncology. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, the most abundant in the nervous system, representing attractive therapeutic targets. The ganglioside GD3 is highly expressed in neuroectoderm-derived tumors such as melanoma and neuroblastoma, but also in gliomas. Moreover, interesting results, including our own, have reported the involvement of GD3 in the stemness of glioblastoma cells. In this review, we will first describe the characteristics of the ganglioside GD3 and its enzyme, the GD3 synthase (GD3S), including their biosynthesis and metabolism. Then, we will detail their expression and role in gliomas. Finally, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the therapeutic development opportunities against GD3 and GD3S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hein
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Baeza-Kallee
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Bertucci
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neuro-Oncologie, MarseilleFrance
| | - Carole Colin
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Tchoghandjian
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | | | - Emeline Tabouret
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neuro-Oncologie, MarseilleFrance
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
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Schengrund CL. The Ying and Yang of Ganglioside Function in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5362. [PMID: 38001622 PMCID: PMC10670608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The plethora of information about the expression of cancer cell-associated gangliosides, their role(s) in signal transduction, and their potential usefulness in the development of cancer treatments makes this an appropriate time to review these enigmatic glycosphingolipids. Evidence, reflecting the work of many, indicates that (1) expression of specific gangliosides, not generally found in high concentrations in most normal human cells, can be linked to certain types of cancer. (2) Gangliosides can affect the ability of cells to interact either directly or indirectly with growth factor receptors, thereby changing such things as a cell's mobility, rate of proliferation, and metastatic ability. (3) Anti-ganglioside antibodies have been tested, with some success, as potential treatments for certain cancers. (4) Cancer-associated gangliosides shed into the circulation can (a) affect immune cell responsiveness either positively or negatively, (b) be considered as diagnostic markers, and (c) be used to look for recurrence. (5) Cancer registries enable investigators to evaluate data from sufficient numbers of patients to obtain information about potential therapies. Despite advances that have been made, a discussion of possible approaches to identifying additional treatment strategies to inhibit metastasis, responsible for the majority of deaths of cancer patients, as well as for treating therapy-resistant tumors, is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara-Lynne Schengrund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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7
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Lapouge M, Meloche S. A renaissance for YES in cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:3385-3393. [PMID: 37848624 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Most of our understanding regarding the involvement of SRC-family tyrosine kinases in cancer has stemmed from studies focused on the prototypical SRC oncogene. However, emerging research has shed light on the important role of YES signaling in oncogenic transformation, tumor growth, metastatic progression, and resistance to various cancer therapies. Clinical evidence indicates that dysregulated expression or activity of YES is a frequent occurrence in human cancers and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. These findings provide a compelling rationale for specifically targeting YES in certain cancer subtypes. Here, we review the crucial role of YES in cancer and discuss the challenges associated with translating preclinical observations into effective YES-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Lapouge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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8
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Nejatie A, Yee SS, Jeter A, Saragovi HU. The cancer glycocode as a family of diagnostic biomarkers, exemplified by tumor-associated gangliosides. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1261090. [PMID: 37954075 PMCID: PMC10637394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1261090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
One unexploited family of cancer biomarkers comprise glycoproteins, carbohydrates, and glycolipids (the Tumor Glycocode).A class of glycolipid cancer biomarkers, the tumor-marker gangliosides (TMGs) are presented here as potential diagnostics for detecting cancer, especially at early stages, as the biological function of TMGs makes them etiological. We propose that a quantitative matrix of the Cancer Biomarker Glycocode and artificial intelligence-driven algorithms will expand the menu of validated cancer biomarkers as a step to resolve some of the challenges in cancer diagnosis, and yield a combination that can identify a specific cancer, in a tissue-agnostic manner especially at early stages, to enable early intervention. Diagnosis is critical to reducing cancer mortality but many cancers lack efficient and effective diagnostic tests, especially for early stage disease. Ideal diagnostic biomarkers are etiological, samples are preferably obtained via non-invasive methods (e.g. liquid biopsy of blood or urine), and are quantitated using assays that yield high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for efficient diagnosis, prognosis, or predicting response to therapy. Validated biomarkers with these features are rare. While the advent of proteomics and genomics has led to the identification of a multitude of proteins and nucleic acid sequences as cancer biomarkers, relatively few have been approved for clinical use. The use of multiplex arrays and artificial intelligence-driven algorithms offer the option of combining data of known biomarkers; however, for most, the sensitivity and the specificity are below acceptable criteria, and clinical validation has proven difficult. One strategic solution to this problem is to expand the biomarker families beyond those currently exploited. One unexploited family of cancer biomarkers comprise glycoproteins, carbohydrates, and glycolipids (the Tumor Glycocode). Here, we focus on a family of glycolipid cancer biomarkers, the tumor-marker gangliosides (TMGs). We discuss the diagnostic potential of TMGs for detecting cancer, especially at early stages. We include prior studies from the literature to summarize findings for ganglioside quantification, expression, detection, and biological function and its role in various cancers. We highlight the examples of TMGs exhibiting ideal properties of cancer diagnostic biomarkers, and the application of GD2 and GD3 for diagnosis of early stage cancers with high sensitivity and specificity. We propose that a quantitative matrix of the Cancer Biomarker Glycocode and artificial intelligence-driven algorithms will expand the menu of validated cancer biomarkers as a step to resolve some of the challenges in cancer diagnosis, and yield a combination that can identify a specific cancer, in a tissue-agnostic manner especially at early stages, to enable early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nejatie
- Center for Translational Research, Lady Davis Research Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samantha S. Yee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Horacio Uri Saragovi
- Center for Translational Research, Lady Davis Research Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ophthalmology and Vision Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Girych M, Kulig W, Enkavi G, Vattulainen I. How Neuromembrane Lipids Modulate Membrane Proteins: Insights from G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs). Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041419. [PMID: 37487628 PMCID: PMC10547395 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a diverse and critical role in cellular processes in all tissues. The unique lipid composition of nerve membranes is particularly interesting because it contains, among other things, polyunsaturated lipids, such as docosahexaenoic acid, which the body only gets through the diet. The crucial role of lipids in neurological processes, especially in receptor-mediated cell signaling, is emphasized by the fact that in many neuropathological diseases there are significant deviations in the lipid composition of nerve membranes compared to healthy individuals. The lipid composition of neuromembranes can significantly affect the function of receptors by regulating the physical properties of the membrane or by affecting specific interactions between receptors and lipids. In addition, it is worth noting that the ligand-binding pocket of many receptors is located inside the cell membrane, due to which lipids can even modulate the binding of ligands to their receptors. These mechanisms highlight the importance of lipids in the regulation of membrane receptor activation and function. In this article, we focus on two major protein families: G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and discuss how lipids affect their function in neuronal membranes, elucidating the basic mechanisms underlying neuronal function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giray Enkavi
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Jin X, Yang GY. Pathophysiological roles and applications of glycosphingolipids in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer diseases. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101241. [PMID: 37524133 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are major amphiphilic glycolipids present on the surface of living cell membranes. They have important biological functions, including maintaining plasma membrane stability, regulating signal transduction, and mediating cell recognition and adhesion. Specific GSLs and related enzymes are abnormally expressed in many cancer diseases and affect the malignant characteristics of tumors. The regulatory roles of GSLs in signaling pathways suggest that they are involved in tumor pathogenesis. GSLs have therefore been widely studied as diagnostic markers of cancer diseases and important targets of immunotherapy. This review describes the tumor-related biological functions of GSLs and systematically introduces recent progress in using diverse GSLs and related enzymes to diagnose and treat tumor diseases. Development of drugs and biomarkers for personalized cancer therapy based on GSL structure is also discussed. These advances, combined with recent progress in the preparation of GSLs derivatives through synthetic biology technologies, suggest a strong future for the use of customized GSL libraries in treating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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11
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Yesmin F, Furukawa K, Kambe M, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Hasnat MA, Mizutani M, Tajima O, Hashimoto N, Tsuchida A, Kaneko K, Furukawa K. Extracellular vesicles released from ganglioside GD2-expressing melanoma cells enhance the malignant properties of GD2-negative melanomas. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4987. [PMID: 36973292 PMCID: PMC10042834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes (small extracellular vesicles: EVs) have attracted increasing attention from basic scientists and clinicians since they play important roles in cell-to-cell communication in various biological processes. Various features of EVs have been elucidated regarding their contents, generation and secretion mechanisms, and functions in inflammation, regeneration, and cancers. These vesicles are reported to contain proteins, RNAs, microRNAs, DNAs, and lipids. Although the roles of individual components have been rigorously studied, the presence and roles of glycans in EVs have rarely been reported. In particular, glycosphingolipids in EVs have not been investigated to date. In this study, the expression and function of a representative cancer-associated ganglioside, GD2, in malignant melanomas was investigated. Generally, cancer-associated gangliosides have been shown to enhance malignant properties and signals in cancers. Notably, EVs derived from GD2-expressing melanomas enhanced the malignant phenotypes of GD2-negative melanomas, such as cell growth, invasion, and cell adhesion, in a dose-dependent manner. The EVs also induced increased phosphorylation of signaling molecules such as EGF receptor and focal adhesion kinase. These results suggest that EVs released from cancer-associated ganglioside-expressing cells exert many functions that have been reported as a function of these gangliosides and regulate microenvironments, including total aggravation of heterogeneous cancer tissues, leading to more malignant and advanced cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Yesmin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, 4331, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Abul Hasnat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Momoka Mizutani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University School of Dentistry, Kuramoto-Cho 3, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Laboratory of Glyco- Bioengineering, The Noguchi Institute, Itabashi, 173-0003, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.
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12
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Possible regulation of ganglioside GD3 synthase gene expression with DNA methylation in human glioma cells. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:323-332. [PMID: 36897478 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are expressed in nervous systems and some neuroectoderm-derived tumors at high levels and play pivotal roles. However, mechanisms for the regulation of glycosyltransferase genes responsible for the ganglioside synthesis are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed DNA methylation patterns of promoter regions of GD3 synthase (ST8SIA1) as well as mRNA levels and ganglioside expression using human glioma cell lines. Among 5 cell lines examined, 4 lines showed changes in the expression levels of related genes after treatment with 5-aza-dC. LN319 showed up-regulation of St8sia1 and increased b-series gangliosides after 5-aza-dC treatment, and an astrocytoma cell line, AS showed high expression of ST8SIA1 and b-series gangliosides persistently before and after 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment. Using these 2 cell lines, DNA methylation patterns of the promoter regions of the gene were analyzed by bisulfite-sequencing. Consequently, 2 regions that were methylated before 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment were demethylated in LN319 after the treatment, while those regions were persistently demethylated in AS. These 2 regions corresponded with sites defined as promoter regions by Luciferase assay. Taken together, it was suggested that ST8SIA1 gene is regulated by DNA methylation at the promoter regions, leading to the regulation of tumor phenotypes.
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13
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Cao S, Hu X, Ren S, Wang Y, Shao Y, Wu K, Yang Z, Yang W, He G, Li X. The biological role and immunotherapy of gangliosides and GD3 synthase in cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1076862. [PMID: 36824365 PMCID: PMC9941352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1076862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are a large subfamily of glycosphingolipids that broadly exist in the nervous system and interact with signaling molecules in the lipid rafts. GD3 and GD2 are two types of disialogangliosides (GDs) that include two sialic acid residues. The expression of GD3 and GD2 in various cancers is mostly upregulated and is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and immune responses. GD3 synthase (GD3S, ST8SiaI), a subclass of sialyltransferases, regulates the biosynthesis of GD3 and GD2. GD3S is also upregulated in most tumors and plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors. Many clinical trials targeting GD2 are ongoing and various immunotherapy studies targeting gangliosides and GD3S are gradually attracting much interest and attention. This review summarizes the function, molecular mechanisms, and ongoing clinical applications of GD3, GD2, and GD3S in abundant types of tumors, which aims to provide novel targets for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangqi Cao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Hu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- 2Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxiang Shao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Wu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 3Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Weixiao Yang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- 4State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| | - Xiang Li
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
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14
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Kotani N, Nakano T, Kuwahara R. Host cell membrane proteins located near SARS-CoV-2 spike protein attachment sites are identified using proximity labeling and proteomic analysis. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102500. [PMID: 36152751 PMCID: PMC9492400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease represents a real threat to the global population, and understanding the biological features of the causative virus, that is, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is imperative for mitigating this threat. Analyses of proteins such as primary receptors and coreceptors (cofactors), which are involved in the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, will provide important clues to help control the virus. Here, we identified host cell membrane protein candidates present in proximity to the attachment sites of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, using proximity labeling and proteomic analysis. The identified proteins represent key candidate factors that may be required for viral entry. We found SARS-CoV-2 host protein DPP4, cell adhesion protein Cadherin 17, and glycoprotein CD133 colocalized with cell membrane–bound SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins in Caco-2 cells and thus showed potential as candidate factors. Additionally, our analysis of the experimental infection of HEK293T cells with a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus indicated a 2-fold enhanced infectivity in the CD133-ACE2-coexpressing HEK293T cells compared to that in HEK293T cells expressing ACE-2 alone. The information and resources regarding these coreceptor labeling and analysis techniques could be utilized for the development of antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kotani
- Medical Research Center, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Saitama, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
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15
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Kotani N, Araki T, Miyagawa-Yamaguchi A, Amimoto T, Nakano M, Honke K. Proximity Labeling and Proteomics: Get to Know Neighbors. Methods Enzymol 2022; 679:131-162. [PMID: 36682860 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are essential in biological reactions and fundamental to cell-cell communication (e.g., the binding of secreted proteins, such as hormones, to cell membrane receptors) and the subsequent intracellular signal transduction cascade. Several studies have been extensively carried out on protein-protein interactions because they have the potential to resolve various problems in molecular biology. Biochemical methods, such as chemical cross-linking and immunoprecipitation, have long been used to analyze which proteins interact with each other. However, there are some problems, such as unphysiological states and non-specific binding, that require the development of more useful experimental methods. This chapter discusses the "proximity labeling (Proteomics)" analysis technique, which has been attracting attention in protein-protein interaction analysis in recent years and is used in many biological studies. "Membrane proximity labeling (proteomics)," which analyzes the interaction of cell membrane proteins, and "intracellular proximity labeling (proteomics)" will be explained in-depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kotani
- Medical Research Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Araki
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Tomoko Amimoto
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
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16
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Garmendia I, Redin E, Montuenga LM, Calvo A. YES1: a novel therapeutic target and biomarker in cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1371-1380. [PMID: 35732509 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
YES1 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that belongs to the SRC family of kinases (SFKs) and controls multiple cancer signaling pathways. YES1 is amplified and overexpressed in many tumor types, where it promotes cell proliferation, survival and invasiveness. Therefore, YES1 has been proposed as an emerging target in solid tumors. In addition, studies have shown that YES1 is a prognostic biomarker and a predictor of dasatinib activity. Several SFKs-targeting drugs have been developed and some of them have reached clinical trials. However, these drugs have encountered challenges to their utilization in the clinical practice in unselected patients due to toxicity and lack of efficacy. In the case of YES1, novel specific inhibitors have been developed and tested in preclinical models, with impressive antitumor effects. In this review, we summarize the structure and activation of YES1 and describe its role in cancer as a target and prognostic and companion biomarker. We also address the efficacy of SFKs inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials, highlighting the main hindrances for their clinical use. Current available information strongly suggests that inhibiting YES1 in tumors with high expression of this protein is a promising strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Garmendia
- INSERM UMRS1138. Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | - Luis M Montuenga
- CIMA and Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
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17
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Furukawa K, Ohmi Y, Hamamura K, Kondo Y, Ohkawa Y, Kaneko K, Hashimoto N, Yesmin F, Bhuiyan RH, Tajima O, Furukawa K. Signaling domains of cancer-associated glycolipids. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:145-155. [PMID: 35315508 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy of malignant cancers is now becoming one of representative approaches to overcome cancers. To construct strategies for immunotherapy, presence of tumor-specific antigens should be a major promise. A number of cancer specific- or cancer-associated antigens have been reported based on various experimental sets and various animal systems. The most reasonable strategy to define tumor-specific antigens might be "autologous typing" performed by Old's group, proposing three classes of tumor-antigens recognized by host immune systems of cancer patients. Namely, class 1, individual antigens that is present only in the patient's sample analyzed; class 2, shared antigens that can be found only in some group of cancers in some patients, but not in normal cells and tissues; class 3, universal antigens that are present in some cancers but also in normal cells and tissues with different densities. Sen Hakomori reported there were novel carbohydrates in cancers that could not be detected in normal cells mainly by biochemical approaches. Consequently, many of class 2 cancer-specific antigens have been revealed to be carbohydrate antigens, and been used for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Not only as cancer markers, but roles of those cancer-associated carbohydrates have also been recognized as functional molecules in cancer cells. In particular, roles of complex carbohydrates in the regulation of cell signaling on the cell surface microdomains, glycolipid-enriched microdomain (GEM)/rafts have been reported by Hakomori and many other researchers including us. The processes and present status of these studies on cancer-associated glycolipids were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nisshin, Japan
| | - Yuji Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University Graduate School Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Farhana Yesmin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
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18
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Yesmin F, Bhuiyan RH, Ohmi Y, Yamamoto S, Kaneko K, Ohkawa Y, Zhang P, Hamamura K, Cheung NKV, Kotani N, Honke K, Okajima T, Kambe M, Tajima O, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Ganglioside GD2 Enhances the Malignant Phenotypes of Melanoma Cells by Cooperating with Integrins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010423. [PMID: 35008849 PMCID: PMC8745508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides have been considered to modulate cell signals in the microdomain of the cell membrane, lipid/rafts, or glycolipid-enriched microdomain/rafts (GEM/rafts). In particular, cancer-associated gangliosides were reported to enhance the malignant properties of cancer cells. In fact, GD2-positive (GD2+) cells showed increased proliferation, invasion, and adhesion, compared with GD2-negative (GD2-) cells. However, the precise mechanisms by which gangliosides regulate cell signaling in GEM/rafts are not well understood. In order to analyze the roles of ganglioside GD2 in the malignant properties of melanoma cells, we searched for GD2-associating molecules on the cell membrane using the enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources combined with mass spectrometry, and integrin β1 was identified as a representative GD2-associating molecule. Then, we showed the physical association of GD2 and integrin β1 by immunoprecipitation/immunoblotting. Close localization was also shown by immuno-cytostaining and the proximity ligation assay. During cell adhesion, GD2+ cells showed multiple phospho-tyrosine bands, i.e., the epithelial growth factor receptor and focal adhesion kinase. The knockdown of integrin β1 revealed that the increased malignant phenotypes in GD2+ cells were clearly cancelled. Furthermore, the phosphor-tyrosine bands detected during the adhesion of GD2+ cells almost completely disappeared after the knockdown of integrin β1. Finally, immunoblotting to examine the intracellular distribution of integrins during cell adhesion revealed that large amounts of integrin β1 were localized in GEM/raft fractions in GD2+ cells before and just after cell adhesion, with the majority being localized in the non-raft fractions in GD2- cells. All these results suggest that GD2 and integrin β1 cooperate in GEM/rafts, leading to enhanced malignant phenotypes of melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Yesmin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan;
| | - Robiul H. Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Medical Technology, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan;
| | - Satoko Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan;
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan;
| | | | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan;
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University School of Medicine, Nangoku 783-8505, Japan;
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan;
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan; (F.Y.); (R.H.B.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (P.Z.); (M.K.); (O.T.); (K.F.)
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-568-51-9512
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19
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Thomas A, Sumughan S, Dellacecca ER, Shivde RS, Lancki N, Mukhatayev Z, Vaca CC, Han F, Barse L, Henning SW, Zamora-Pineda J, Akhtar S, Gupta N, Zahid JO, Zack SR, Ramesh P, Jaishankar D, Lo AS, Moss J, Picken MM, Darling TN, Scholtens DM, Dilling DF, Junghans RP, Le Poole IC. Benign tumors in TSC are amenable to treatment by GD3 CAR T cells in mice. JCI Insight 2021; 6:152014. [PMID: 34806651 PMCID: PMC8663788 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations underlying disease in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) give rise to tumors with biallelic mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 and hyperactive mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Benign tumors might exhibit de novo expression of immunogens, targetable by immunotherapy. As tumors may rely on ganglioside D3 (GD3) expression for mTORC1 activation and growth, we compared GD3 expression in tissues from patients with TSC and controls. GD3 was overexpressed in affected tissues from patients with TSC and also in aging Tsc2+/– mice. As GD3 overexpression was not accompanied by marked natural immune responses to the target molecule, we performed preclinical studies with GD3 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Polyfunctional CAR T cells were cytotoxic toward GD3-overexpressing targets. In mice challenged with Tsc2–/– tumor cells, CAR T cells substantially and durably reduced the tumor burden, correlating with increased T cell infiltration. We also treated aged Tsc2+/– heterozygous (>60 weeks) mice that carry spontaneous Tsc2–/– tumors with GD3 CAR or untransduced T cells and evaluated them at endpoint. Following CAR T cell treatment, the majority of mice were tumor free while all control animals carried tumors. The outcomes demonstrate a strong treatment effect and suggest that targeting GD3 can be successful in TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancy Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Lancki
- Quantitative Data Sciences Core, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center; and
| | | | | | - Fei Han
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Levi Barse
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jesus Zamora-Pineda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikhilesh Gupta
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora, Illinois, USA
| | - Jasmine O Zahid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephanie R Zack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Agnes Sy Lo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria M Picken
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas N Darling
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Quantitative Data Sciences Core, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center; and.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel F Dilling
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard P Junghans
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - I Caroline Le Poole
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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20
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Shaheryar ZA, Khan MA, Adnan CS, Zaidi AA, Hänggi D, Muhammad S. Neuroinflammatory Triangle Presenting Novel Pharmacological Targets for Ischemic Brain Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:748663. [PMID: 34691061 PMCID: PMC8529160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.748663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Hundreds of clinical trials have proven ineffective in bringing forth a definitive and effective treatment for ischemic stroke, except a myopic class of thrombolytic drugs. That, too, has little to do with treating long-term post-stroke disabilities. These studies proposed diverse options to treat stroke, ranging from neurotropic interpolation to venting antioxidant activity, from blocking specific receptors to obstructing functional capacity of ion channels, and more recently the utilization of neuroprotective substances. However, state of the art knowledge suggests that more pragmatic focus in finding effective therapeutic remedy for stroke might be targeting intricate intracellular signaling pathways of the 'neuroinflammatory triangle': ROS burst, inflammatory cytokines, and BBB disruption. Experimental evidence reviewed here supports the notion that allowing neuroprotective mechanisms to advance, while limiting neuroinflammatory cascades, will help confine post-stroke damage and disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaib A. Shaheryar
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahtab A. Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Awais Ali Zaidi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Imran Idrees College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sajjad Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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21
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Zhang P, Ohkawa Y, Yamamoto S, Momota H, Kato A, Kaneko K, Natsume A, Farhana Y, Ohmi Y, Okajima T, Bhuiyan RH, Wakabayashi T, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. St8sia1-deficiency in mice alters tumor environments of gliomas, leading to reduced disease severity. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021; 83:535-549. [PMID: 34552288 PMCID: PMC8438004 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.83.3.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioside GD3/GD2 are over-expressed in various neuroectoderm-derived tumors. Previous studies indicated that GD3 is involved in the enhancement of cancer properties such as rapid growth and increased invasiveness. However, little is known about the functions of GD3/GD2 in glioma cells and glioma microenvironments. To clarify the functions of GD3/GD2 in gliomas, we used a mouse glioma model based on the RCAS/Gtv-a system. At first, we compared the gliomas size between wild-type (WT) and GD3 synthase (GD3S) knockout (KO) mice, showing a less malignant histology and slower tumor growth in GD3S-KO mice than in WT mice. Immunohistochemistry of glioma sections from WT and GD3S-KO mice revealed that reactive microglia/macrophages showed different localization patterns between the two genetic types of mice. CD68+ cells were more frequently stained inside glioma tissues of GD3S-KO mice, while they were stained mainly around glioma tissues in WT mice. The number of CD68+ cells markedly increased in tumor tissues of GD3S-KO mice at 2 weeks after injection of transfectant DF-1 cells. Furthermore, CD68+ cells in GD3S(-/-) glioma tissues expressed higher levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase. We observed higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in primary-cultured glioma cells of WT mice than in GD3S-KO mice. DNA microarray data also revealed differential expression levels of various cytokines and chemokines in glioma tissues between WT and GD3S-KO mice. These results suggest that expression of GD3S allows glioma cells to promote polarization of microglia/macrophages towards M2-like phenotypes by modulating the expression levels of chemokines and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute
| | - Satoko Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yesmin Farhana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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22
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Fabris D, Karmelić I, Muharemović H, Sajko T, Jurilj M, Potočki S, Novak R, Vukelić Ž. Ganglioside Composition Distinguishes Anaplastic Ganglioglioma Tumor Tissue from Peritumoral Brain Tissue: Complementary Mass Spectrometry and Thin-Layer Chromatography Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168844. [PMID: 34445547 PMCID: PMC8396361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides serve as antitumor therapy targets and aberrations in their composition strongly correlate with tumor growth and invasiveness. Anaplastic ganglioglioma is a rare, poorly characterized, malignant neuronal–glial tumor type. We present the first comparative characterization of ganglioside composition in anaplastic ganglioglioma vs. peritumoral and healthy brain tissues by combining mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography. Anaplastic ganglioglioma ganglioside composition was highly distinguishable from both peritumoral and healthy tissue despite having five to six times lower total content. Ten out of twelve MS-identified ganglioside classes, defined by unique glycan residues, were represented by a large number and considerable abundance of individual species with different fatty acid residues (C16–C24) in ceramide portions. The major structurally identified class was tumor-associated GD3 (>50%) with 11 species; GD3 (d18:1/24:0) being the most abundant. The dominant sphingoid base residue in ganglioside ceramides was sphingosine (d18:1), followed by eicosasphingosine (d20:1). The peritumoral tissue ganglioside composition was estimated as normal. Specific ganglioside composition and large variability of ganglioside ceramide structures determined in anaplastic ganglioglioma demonstrate realistic ganglioside expression patterns and correspond to the profile of high-grade malignancy brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Fabris
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (Ž.V.)
| | - Ivana Karmelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Hasan Muharemović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Tomislav Sajko
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center “Sestre Milosrdnice”, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Mia Jurilj
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center “Sestre Milosrdnice”, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Slavica Potočki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Ruđer Novak
- Department for Protemics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (Ž.V.)
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23
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Ohkawa Y, Zhang P, Momota H, Kato A, Hashimoto N, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Farhana Y, Natsume A, Wakabayashi T, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Lack of GD3 synthase (St8sia1) attenuates malignant properties of gliomas in genetically engineered mouse model. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3756-3768. [PMID: 34145699 PMCID: PMC8409297 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression of gangliosides GD3 and GD2 is observed in human gliomas. The functions of GD3 and GD2 in malignant properties have been reported in glioma cells in vitro, but those functions have not yet been investigated in vivo. In this study, we showed that deficiency of GD3 synthase (GD3S, St8sia1) attenuated glioma progression and clinical and pathological features in a platelet-derived growth factor B-driven murine glioma model. Lack of GD3S resulted in the prolonged lifespan of glioma-bearing mice and low-grade pathology in generated gliomas. Correspondingly, they showed reduced phosphorylation levels of Akt, Erks, and Src family kinases in glioma tissues. A DNA microarray study revealed marked alteration in the expression of various genes, particularly in MMP family genes, in GD3S-deficient gliomas. Re-expression of GD3S restored expression of MMP9 in primary-cultured glioma cells. We also identified a transcription factor, Ap2α, expressed in parallel with GD3S expression, and showed that Ap2α was critical for the induction of MMP9 by transfection of its cDNA and luciferase reporter genes, and a ChIP assay. These findings suggest that GD3S enhances the progression of gliomas by enhancement of the Ap2α-MMP9 axis. This is the first report to describe the tumor-enhancing functions of GD3S in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Surgical Neuro-Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yesmin Farhana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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24
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Brettschneider EES, Terabe M. The Role of NKT Cells in Glioblastoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071641. [PMID: 34208864 PMCID: PMC8307781 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and deadly cancer, but to date, immunotherapies have failed to make significant strides in improving prognoses for glioblastoma patients. One of the current challenges to developing immunological interventions for glioblastoma is our incomplete understanding of the numerous immunoregulatory mechanisms at play in the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. We propose that Natural Killer T (NKT) cells, which are unconventional T lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, may play a key immunoregulatory role in glioblastoma. For example, evidence suggests that the activation of type I NKT cells can facilitate anti-glioblastoma immune responses. On the other hand, type II NKT cells are known to play an immunosuppressive role in other cancers, as well as to cross-regulate type I NKT cell activity, although their specific role in glioblastoma remains largely unclear. This review provides a summary of our current understanding of NKT cells in the immunoregulation of glioblastoma as well as highlights the involvement of NKT cells in other cancers and central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. S. Brettschneider
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-760-6731
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25
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Kaneda H, Ida Y, Kuwahara R, Sato I, Nakano T, Tokuda H, Sato T, Murakoshi T, Honke K, Kotani N. Proximity Proteomics Has Potential for Extracellular Vesicle Identification. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3519-3531. [PMID: 34115501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biomarkers and mediators of intercellular communication. In biological samples, EVs are secreted by various types of cells. The proteomic identification of proteins expressed in EVs has potential to contribute to research and clinical applications, particularly for cancer. In this study, the proximity-labeling method-based proteomic approach was used for EV identification, labeling membrane components proximal to a given molecule on the EV membrane surface. Due to the small labeling range, proteins on the surface of the same EVs are likely to be labeled by selecting a given EV surface antigen. The protein group of cancer cell-secreted EV (cEV), which abundantly expresses a close homologue of L1 (CHL1), was examined using a model mouse for lung cancer (LC). cEV-expressed proteins were identified by proteomic analysis of enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources by comparing serum EVs from wild-type and LC mice. SLC4A1 was found to be co-expressed in CHL1-expressing EVs, highlighting EVs expressing both CHL1 and SLC4A1 as candidates for cEVs. Serum EVs expressing both CHL1 and caspase 14 were significantly elevated in LC patients compared with healthy individuals. Thus, the combination of proximity labeling and proteomic analysis allows for effective EV identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kaneda
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Izumi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Medical Genome Center Biobank, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takayuki Murakoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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26
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Gangliosides as Signaling Regulators in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105076. [PMID: 34064863 PMCID: PMC8150402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At the plasma membrane, gangliosides, a group of glycosphingolipids, are expressed along with glycosphingolipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol in so-called lipid rafts that interact with signaling receptors and related molecules. Most cancers present abnormalities in the intracellular signal transduction system involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. To date, the roles of gangliosides as regulators of signal transduction have been reported in several cancer types. Gangliosides can be expressed by the exogenous ganglioside addition, with their endogenous expression regulated at the enzymatic level by targeting specific glycosyltransferases. Accordingly, the relationship between changes in the composition of cell surface gangliosides and signal transduction has been investigated by controlling ganglioside expression. In cancer cells, several types of signaling molecules are positively or negatively regulated by ganglioside expression levels, promoting malignant properties. Moreover, antibodies against gangliosides have been shown to possess cytotoxic effects on ganglioside-expressing cancer cells. In the present review, we highlight the involvement of gangliosides in the regulation of cancer cell signaling, and we explore possible therapies targeting ganglioside-expressing cancer.
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27
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Sarbu M, Petrica L, Clemmer DE, Vukelić Ž, Zamfir AD. Gangliosides of Human Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Comprehensive Mapping and Structural Analysis by Ion Mobility Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1249-1257. [PMID: 33900081 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant, highly aggressive, grade IV brain tumor, which rapidly infiltrates into the nearby tissue, has drawn a significant amount of attention because of its poor prognosis and the limited treatment options available. In GBM, nearly all tumor cells exhibit aberrant cell-surface glycosylation patterns due to the alteration of their biosynthesis or postsynthesis modification process. Since gangliosides (GGs) are acknowledged as tumor-associated antigens, we have carried out here a comprehensive profiling of native ganglioside mixtures extracted and purified from GBM specimens. For this purpose, high performance ion mobility separation mass spectrometry (IMS MS) was thoroughly optimized to allow the discovery of GBM-specific structures and the assessment of their roles as tumor markers or possible associated antigens. GG separation by IMS according to the charge state, carbohydrate chain length, degree of sialylation, and ceramide composition led to the identification of no less than 160 distinct components, which represents 3-fold the number of structures identified before. The detected GGs and asialo-GGs were found characterized by a high heterogeneity in their ceramide and glycan compositions, encompassing up five Neu5Ac residues. The tumor was found dominated in equal and high proportions by GD3 and GT1 forms, with a particular incidence of C24:1 fatty acids in the ceramide. By the occurrence of only one mobility feature and the diagnostic fragment ions, the IMS tandem MS conducted using collision-induced dissociation (CID) disclosed for the first time the presence of GT1c(d18:1/24:1) newly proposed here as a potential GBM marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sarbu
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Division of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara and Centers for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Diseases, Translational Research and Systems and Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of Arts and Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, 310130, Arad, Romania
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28
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Ohmi Y, Nishikaze T, Kitaura Y, Ito T, Yamamoto S, Sugiyama F, Matsuyama M, Takahashi Y, Takeda A, Kawahara T, Okajima T, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Majority of alpha2,6-sialylated glycans in the adult mouse brain exist in O-glycans: SALSA-MS analysis for knockout mice of alpha2,6-sialyltransferase genes. Glycobiology 2020; 31:557-570. [PMID: 33242079 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are unique sugars with negative charge and exert various biological functions such as regulation of immune systems, maintenance of nerve tissues and expression of malignant properties of cancers. Alpha 2,6 sialylated N-glycans, one of representative sialylation forms, are synthesized by St6gal1 or St6gal2 gene products in humans and mice. Previously, it has been reported that St6gal1 gene is ubiquitously expressed in almost all tissues. On the other hand, St6gal2 gene is expressed mainly in the embryonic and perinatal stages of brain tissues. However, roles of St6gal2 gene have not been clarified. Expression profiles of N-glycans with terminal α2,6 sialic acid generated by St6gal gene products in the brain have never been directly studied. Using conventional lectin blotting and novel sialic acid linkage-specific alkylamidationmass spectrometry method (SALSA-MS), we investigated the function and expression of St6gal genes and profiles of their products in the adult mouse brain by establishing KO mice lacking St6gal1 gene, St6gal2 gene, or both of them (double knockout). Consequently, α2,6-sialylated N-glycans were scarcely detected in adult mouse brain tissues, and a majority of α2,6-sialylated glycans found in the mouse brain were O-linked glycans. The majority of these α2,6-sialylated O-glycans were shown to be disialyl-T antigen and sialyl-(6)T antigen by mass spectrometry analysis. Moreover, it was revealed that a few α2,6-sialylated N-glycans were produced by the action of St6gal1 gene, despite both St6gal1 and St6gal2 genes being expressed in the adult mouse brain. In the future, where and how sialylated O-linked glycoproteins function in the brain tissue remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikaze
- Koichi Tanaka Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, 1, Nishinokyo-Kuwabaracho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Yoko Kitaura
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Takako Ito
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Satoko Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, 2117, Yamada, Minami-ku, Okayama 701-0202, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Takeda
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Toshio Kawahara
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
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29
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Bartish M, Del Rincón SV, Rudd CE, Saragovi HU. Aiming for the Sweet Spot: Glyco-Immune Checkpoints and γδ T Cells in Targeted Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:564499. [PMID: 33133075 PMCID: PMC7550643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.564499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Though a healthy immune system is capable of recognizing and eliminating emergent cancerous cells, an established tumor is adept at escaping immune surveillance. Altered and tumor-specific expression of immunosuppressive cell surface carbohydrates, also termed the “tumor glycocode,” is a prominent mechanism by which tumors can escape anti-tumor immunity. Given their persistent and homogeneous expression, tumor-associated glycans are promising targets to be exploited as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the exploitation of these glycans has been a challenge due to their low immunogenicity, immunosuppressive properties, and the inefficient presentation of glycolipids in a conventional major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted manner. Despite this, a subset of T-cells expressing the gamma and delta chains of the T-cell receptor (γδ T cells) exist with a capacity for MHC-unrestricted antigen recognition and potent inherent anti-tumor properties. In this review, we discuss the role of tumor-associated glycans in anti-tumor immunity, with an emphasis on the potential of γδ T cells to target the tumor glycocode. Understanding the many facets of this interaction holds the potential to unlock new ways to use both tumor-associated glycans and γδ T cells in novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher E Rudd
- Division of Immuno-Oncology, Research Center Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - H Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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30
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Miller YI, Navia-Pelaez JM, Corr M, Yaksh TL. Lipid rafts in glial cells: role in neuroinflammation and pain processing. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:655-666. [PMID: 31862695 PMCID: PMC7193960 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglia and astrocytes secondary to inflammatory processes contributes to the development and perpetuation of pain with a neuropathic phenotype. This pain state presents as a chronic debilitating condition and affects a large population of patients with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes, or after surgery, trauma, or chemotherapy. Here, we review the regulation of lipid rafts in glial cells and the role they play as a key component of neuroinflammatory sensitization of central pain signaling pathways. In this context, we introduce the concept of an inflammaraft (i-raft), enlarged lipid rafts harboring activated receptors and adaptor molecules and serving as an organizing platform to initiate inflammatory signaling and the cellular response. Characteristics of the inflammaraft include increased relative abundance of lipid rafts in inflammatory cells, increased content of cholesterol per raft, and increased levels of inflammatory receptors, such as toll-like receptor (TLR)4, adaptor molecules, ion channels, and enzymes in lipid rafts. This inflammaraft motif serves an important role in the membrane assembly of protein complexes, for example, TLR4 dimerization. Operating within this framework, we demonstrate the involvement of inflammatory receptors, redox molecules, and ion channels in the inflammaraft formation and the regulation of cholesterol and sphingolipid metabolism in the inflammaraft maintenance and disruption. Strategies for targeting inflammarafts, without affecting the integrity of lipid rafts in noninflammatory cells, may lead to developing novel therapies for neuropathic pain states and other neuroinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury I Miller
- Departments of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. mailto:
| | | | - Maripat Corr
- Departments of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tony L Yaksh
- Anesthesiology,University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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31
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Garmendia I, Pajares MJ, Hermida-Prado F, Ajona D, Bértolo C, Sainz C, Lavín A, Remírez AB, Valencia K, Moreno H, Ferrer I, Behrens C, Cuadrado M, Paz-Ares L, Bustelo XR, Gil-Bazo I, Alameda D, Lecanda F, Calvo A, Felip E, Sánchez-Céspedes M, Wistuba II, Granda-Diaz R, Rodrigo JP, García-Pedrero JM, Pio R, Montuenga LM, Agorreta J. YES1 Drives Lung Cancer Growth and Progression and Predicts Sensitivity to Dasatinib. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:888-899. [PMID: 31166114 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1292oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The characterization of new genetic alterations is essential to assign effective personalized therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, finding stratification biomarkers is essential for successful personalized therapies. Molecular alterations of YES1, a member of the SRC (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src) family kinases (SFKs), can be found in a significant subset of patients with lung cancer.Objectives: To evaluate YES1 (v-YES-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral oncogene homolog 1) genetic alteration as a therapeutic target and predictive biomarker of response to dasatinib in NSCLC.Methods: Functional significance was evaluated by in vivo models of NSCLC and metastasis and patient-derived xenografts. The efficacy of pharmacological and genetic (CRISPR [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats]/Cas9 [CRISPR-associated protein 9]) YES1 abrogation was also evaluated. In vitro functional assays for signaling, survival, and invasion were also performed. The association between YES1 alterations and prognosis was evaluated in clinical samples.Measurements and Main Results: We demonstrated that YES1 is essential for NSCLC carcinogenesis. Furthermore, YES1 overexpression induced metastatic spread in preclinical in vivo models. YES1 genetic depletion by CRISPR/Cas9 technology significantly reduced tumor growth and metastasis. YES1 effects were mainly driven by mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling. Interestingly, cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models with YES1 gene amplifications presented a high sensitivity to dasatinib, an SFK inhibitor, pointing out YES1 status as a stratification biomarker for dasatinib response. Moreover, high YES1 protein expression was an independent predictor for poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer.Conclusions: YES1 is a promising therapeutic target in lung cancer. Our results provide support for the clinical evaluation of dasatinib treatment in a selected subset of patients using YES1 status as predictive biomarker for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Garmendia
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and
| | - María J Pajares
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel Ajona
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Bértolo
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sainz
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Lavín
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana B Remírez
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karmele Valencia
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Haritz Moreno
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology and.,Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Myriam Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Medical School, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gil-Bazo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Alameda
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Montse Sánchez-Céspedes
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Genes and Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology and.,Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rocio Granda-Diaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Rodrigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juana María García-Pedrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jackeline Agorreta
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
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32
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Li W, Zheng X, Ren L, Fu W, Liu J, Xv J, Liu S, Wang J, Du G. Epigenetic hypomethylation and upregulation of GD3s in triple negative breast cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:723. [PMID: 32042739 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer remains a major health problem in the world. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with very poor prognosis. Up to now, the mechanism behind TNBC's activity is still unclear and no candidate drug target has been identified. Thus, it is of critical importance to elucidate the pathways in TNBC and identify the relevant biomarkers. Recent studies showed that ganglioside D3 synthase (GD3s) played a very important role in development of cancers. However, the physiological functions and associated pathways of GD3s in TNBC are still unclear. Methods In silico analysis of the expression of GD3s in TNBC was conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine databases. The proliferation of breast cancer cells was measured by MTT assay, colony formation by the soft agar method, and migration and invasion using Boyden chamber inserts. The methylation level of the gene encoding GD3s, ST8SIA1, in specimens was assessed by qMS-PCR and in silico using the UCSC gene browser. Protein expression was examined via immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR and Western immunoblotting. Results In silico analysis showed a higher GD3s expression in ER- than ER+ breast cancers and GD3s was also highly expressed in TNBC compared to other types of breast cancers. The elevated GD3s expression in TNBC cells and tissues was associated with hypomethylation of the ST8SIA1 gene. Overexpression of GD3s in human breast cancer cells increased their proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation ability. GD3s expression in breast cancers was closely associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Conclusions In summary, these results suggest that GD3s may be a potential biomarker and drug target in treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liwen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Xv
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi DAYI Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi DAYI Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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33
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Takeuchi R, Kambe M, Miyata M, Jeyadevan U, Tajima O, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. TNFα-signal and cAMP-mediated signals oppositely regulate melanoma- associated ganglioside GD3 synthase gene in human melanocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14740. [PMID: 31611597 PMCID: PMC6791844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of expression and regulation of ganglioside synthases in melanocytes are important to understand roles of gangliosides in melanomagenesis. In this study, we analyzed the expression and regulatory mechanisms of glycosyltransferase genes responsible for ganglioside synthesis in normal melanocytes. We reported previously that culture supernatants of UVB-irradiated keratinocytes induced upregulation of ganglioside GD3 synthase gene in melanocytes, and mainly TNFα was responsible for it. Then, we found that elimination of dibutyryl cyclic AMP and IBMX from the medium also resulted in upregulation of the GD3 synthase gene. The addition of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone which increases cAMP, to the medium led to a significant reduction in the GD3 synthase gene expression level, and a PKA inhibitor enhanced the GD3 synthase gene level. These results suggest that signals mediated via TNFα and cAMP oppositely regulate GD3 synthase gene expression in melanocytes. The results of an IKK inhibitor indicate the possibility that TNFα induces GD3 synthase gene expression via NF-κB signaling in melanocytes. When melanoma cells were treated by these factors, no fluctuation in the GD3 synthase gene expression level was observed, although an IKK inhibitor significantly suppressed it, suggesting that ganglioside synthase genes are regulated in distinct manners between melanocytes and melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Maiko Miyata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Upul Jeyadevan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.
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34
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Kotani N, Yamaguchi A, Ohnishi T, Kuwahara R, Nakano T, Nakano Y, Ida Y, Murakoshi T, Honke K. Proximity proteomics identifies cancer cell membrane cis-molecular complex as a potential cancer target. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2607-2619. [PMID: 31228215 PMCID: PMC6676139 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer‐specific antigens expressed in the cell membrane have been used as targets for several molecular targeted strategies in the last 20 years with remarkable success. To develop more effective cancer treatments, novel targets and strategies for targeted therapies are needed. Here, we examined the cancer cell membrane‐resident “cis‐bimolecular complex” as a possible cancer target (cis‐bimolecular cancer target: BiCAT) using proximity proteomics, a technique that has attracted attention in the last 10 years. BiCAT were detected using a previously developed method termed the enzyme‐mediated activation of radical source (EMARS), to label the components proximal to a given cell membrane molecule. EMARS analysis identified some BiCAT, such as close homolog of L1 (CHL1), fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGFR3) and α2 integrin, which are commonly expressed in mouse primary lung cancer cells and human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Analysis of cancer specimens from 55 lung cancer patients revealed that CHL1 and α2 integrin were highly co–expressed in almost all cancer tissues compared with normal lung tissues. As an example of BiCAT application, in vitro simulation of effective drug combinations used for multiple drug treatment strategies was performed using reagents targeted to BiCAT molecules. The combination treatment based on BiCAT information moderately suppressed cancer cell proliferation compared with single administration, suggesting that the information about BiCAT in cancer cells is useful for the appropriate selection of the combination among molecular targeted reagents. Thus, BiCAT has the potential to contribute to several molecular targeted strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kuwahara
- Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takanari Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yui Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
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Nakamura Y, Miyata Y, Matsuo T, Shida Y, Hakariya T, Ohba K, Taima T, Ito A, Suda T, Hakomori SI, Saito S, Sakai H. Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 is a histological marker reflecting the malignant behavior of prostate cancer. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:409-418. [PMID: 31243630 PMCID: PMC6744380 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09882-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4), a specific marker for pluripotent stem cells, plays an important role in the malignant behavior of several cancers. Here, SSEA-4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody RM1 specific to SSEA-4 in 181 and 117 prostate cancer (PC) specimens obtained by biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP), respectively. The relationships between SSEA-4 expression in cancer cells or the presence of SSEA-4-positive tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. SSEA-4 expression in cancer cells was significantly associated with Gleason score, local progression, and lymph node and distant metastasis. In RP specimens, high SSEA-4 expression in cancer cells and the presence of SSEA-4-positive TICs were significant predictors of pT3, i.e., invasion and worse biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP, respectively, in univariate analysis. In contrast, combination of high SSEA-4 expression in cancer cells and the presence of SSEA-4-positive TICs was an independent predictor for pT3 and BCR in multivariate analysis. Biologically this combination was also independently associated with suppression of apoptosis. Thus, the co-expression of SSEA-4 in cancer cells and TICs may have crucial roles in the malignant aggressiveness and prognosis of PC. Invasive potential and suppression of apoptosis may be linked to SSEA-4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Matsuo
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yohei Shida
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hakariya
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ohba
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takenobu Taima
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ito
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Suda
- Department of Urology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Sen-Itiroh Hakomori
- Departments of Pathobiology and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Seiichi Saito
- Department of Urology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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Hashimoto N, Ito S, Tsuchida A, Bhuiyan RH, Okajima T, Yamamoto A, Furukawa K, Ohmi Y, Furukawa K. The ceramide moiety of disialoganglioside (GD3) is essential for GD3 recognition by the sialic acid-binding lectin SIGLEC7 on the cell surface. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10833-10845. [PMID: 31138648 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the binding specificity of a sialic acid-recognizing lectin, sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 7 (SIGLEC7), to disialyl gangliosides (GD3s), here we established GD3-expressing cells by introducing GD3 synthase (GD3S or ST8SIA1) cDNA into a colon cancer cell line, DLD-1, that expresses no ligands for the recombinant protein SIGLEC7-Fc. SIGLEC7-Fc did not recognize newly-expressed GD3 on DLD-1 cells, even though GD3 was highly expressed, as detected by an anti-GD3 antibody. Because milk-derived GD3 could be recognized by this fusion protein when incorporated onto the surface of DLD-1 cells, we compared the ceramides in DLD-1-generated and milk-derived GD3s to identify the SIGLEC7-specific GD3 structures on the cell membrane, revealing that SIGLEC7 recognizes only GD3-containing regular ceramides but not phytoceramides. This was confirmed by knockdown/knockout of the sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase/C4-monooxygenase (DES2) gene, involved in phytoceramide synthesis, disclosing that DES2 inhibition confers SIGLEC7 binding. Furthermore, knocking out fatty acid 2-hydroxylase also resulted in the emergence of SIGLEC7 binding to the cell surface. To analyze the effects of binding between SIGLEC7 and various GD3 species on natural killer function, we investigated cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors toward GD3S-transfected DLD-1 (DLD-1-GD3S) cells and DLD-1-GD3S cells with modified ceramides. We found that cytotoxicity is suppressed in DLD-1-GD3S cells with dehydroxylated GD3s. These results indicate that the ceramide structures in glycosphingolipids affect SIGLEC7 binding and distribution on the cell surface and influence cell sensitivity to killing by SIGLEC7-expressing effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan,; Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-5, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Shizuka Ito
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan,; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan, and
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-5, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan, and
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan, and
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan,; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan, and.
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Furukawa K, Ohmi Y, Ohkawa Y, Bhuiyan RH, Zhang P, Tajima O, Hashimoto N, Hamamura K, Furukawa K. New era of research on cancer-associated glycosphingolipids. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1544-1551. [PMID: 30895683 PMCID: PMC6501054 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids have been used as markers for diagnosis and targets for immunotherapy of malignant tumors. Recent progress in the analysis of their implications in the malignant properties of cancer cells revealed that cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids are not only tumor markers, but also functional molecules regulating various signals introduced by membrane microdomains, lipid rafts. In particular, a novel approach, enzyme‐mediated activation of radical sources combined with mass spectrometry, has enabled us to clarify the mechanisms by which cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids regulate cell signals based on the interaction with membrane molecules and formation of molecular complexes on the cell surface. Novel findings obtained from these approaches are now providing us with insights into the development of new anticancer therapies targeting membrane molecular complexes consisting of cancer‐associated glycolipids and their associated membrane molecules. Thus, a new era of cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids has now begun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Medical Technology, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
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Momma D, Onodera T, Homan K, Matsubara S, Sasazawa F, Furukawa J, Matsuoka M, Yamashita T, Iwasaki N. Coordinated existence of multiple gangliosides is required for cartilage metabolism. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:314-325. [PMID: 30471358 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gangliosides, ubiquitously existing membrane components that modulate transmembrane signaling and mediate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions, are key molecules of inflammatory and neurological disorders. However, the functions of gangliosides in the cartilage degradation process remain unclear. We investigated the functional role of gangliosides in cartilage metabolism related to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. DESIGN We generated knockout (KO) mice by targeting the β1, 4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAcT) gene, which encodes an enzyme of major gangliosides synthesis, and the GD3 synthase (GD3S) gene, which encodes an enzyme of partial gangliosides synthesis. In vivo OA and in vitro cartilage degradation models were used to evaluate the effect of gangliosides on the cartilage degradation process. RESULTS The GalNAcT and GD3S KO mice developed and grew normally; nevertheless, OA changes in these mice were enhanced with aging. The GalNAcT KO mice showed significantly enhanced OA progression compared to GD3S mice in vivo. Both GalNAcT and GD3S KO mice showed severe IL-1α-induced cartilage degradation ex vivo. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was enhanced in both GalNAcT and GD3S KOs after IL-1α stimulation. Gangliosides modulated by GalNAcT or GD3S rescued an increase of MMP-13 induced by IL-1α in mice lacking GalNAcT or GD3S after exogenous replenishment in vitro. CONCLUSION These data show that the deletion of gangliosides in mice enhanced OA development. Moreover, the gangliosides modulated by GalNAcT are important for cartilage metabolism, suggesting that GalNAcT is a potential target molecule for the development of novel OA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Momma
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - T Onodera
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - K Homan
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - S Matsubara
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - F Sasazawa
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - J Furukawa
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - M Matsuoka
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - T Yamashita
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Azabu University, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - N Iwasaki
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Abstract
To understand cellular processes at molecular levels, elucidation of protein-protein interactions occurring at a specific location in living cells is required. We have developed a proximity labeling method mediated by the enzyme-mediated activation of radical source (EMARS) reaction, which features a radical formation from labeling reagents by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) set on a molecule of interest (probed molecule). Proximal molecules are covalently labeled with a tag conjugated with the labeling reagent. Here we describe protocols for preparation of a labeling reagent, labeling of neighboring proteins of the probed molecule in living cells, and identification of the labeled proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi University Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.
| | | | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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40
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Sialic acid as a target for the development of novel antiangiogenic strategies. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:2835-2854. [PMID: 30539670 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid is associated with glycoproteins and gangliosides of eukaryotic cells. It regulates various molecular interactions, being implicated in inflammation and cancer, where its expression is regulated by sialyltransferases and sialidases. Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries, takes place during inflammation and cancer, and represents the outcome of several interactions occurring at the endothelial surface among angiogenic growth factors, inhibitors, receptors, gangliosides and cell-adhesion molecules. Here, we elaborate on the evidences that many structures involved in angiogenesis are sialylated and that their interactions depend on sialic acid with implications in angiogenesis itself, inflammation and cancer. We also discuss the possibility to exploit sialic acid as a target for the development of novel antiangiogenic drugs.
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41
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Ohmi Y, Kambe M, Ohkawa Y, Hamamura K, Tajima O, Takeuchi R, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Differential roles of gangliosides in malignant properties of melanomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206881. [PMID: 30462668 PMCID: PMC6248923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GD3 is widely expressed in human malignant melanomas, and has been reported to be involved in the increased cell proliferation and invasion. In this study, we established GM3-, GM2-, GM1-, GD3-, or GD2-expressing melanoma cell lines by transfecting cDNAs of glyscosyltransferases, and effects of individual gangliosides on the cell phenotypes and signals were examined. The phenotypes of established ganglioside-expressing cells were quite different, i.e. cell growth increased as following order; GD2+, GD3+ > GM1+, GM2+, GM3+ cells. Cell invasion activity increased as GD3+ ≧ GM2+ > GM1+, GM3+, GD2+ cells. Intensity of cell adhesion to collagen I (CL-I) and spreading increased as GD2+ >> GD3+, GM1+ > GM2+, GM3+ cells. In particular, cell adhesion of GD2+ cells was markedly strong. As for cell migration velocity, GD2+ cells were slower than all other cells. The immunocytostaining revealed close localization of gangliosides and F-actin in lamellipodia. Immunoblotting of phosphorylated p130Cas and paxillin by serum treatment reveled that these phosphorylations were more increased in GD3+ cells than in GD2+ or GM3+ cells, while phosphorylation of Akt underwent similarly increased phosphorylation between GD3+ and GD2+ cells compared with GM3+ cells. While GD2 and GD3 enhanced cell growth, GD3 might also contribute in cell invasion. On the other hand, GD2 might contribute in the solid fixation of melanoma cells at metastasized sites. These results suggested that individual gangliosides exert distinct roles in the different aspects of melanomas by differentially regulating cytoskeletons and signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Hamamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichigakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rika Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Otake AH, de Freitas Saito R, Duarte APM, Ramos AF, Chammas R. G D3 ganglioside-enriched extracellular vesicles stimulate melanocyte migration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1864:422-432. [PMID: 29908366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Melanomas often accumulate gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids found in the outer leaflet of plasma membranes, as disialoganglioside GD3 and its derivatives. Here, we have transfected the GD3 synthase gene (ST8Sia I) in a normal melanocyte cell line in order to evaluate changes in the biological behavior of non-transformed cells. GD3-synthase expressing cells converted GM3 into GD3 and accumulated both GD3 and its acetylated form, 9-O-acetyl-GD3. Melanocytes were rendered more migratory on laminin-1 surfaces. Cell migration studies using the different transfectants, either treated or not with the glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor d-1-threo-1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-pyrrolidino-1-propanol (PPPP), allowed us to show that while GM3 is a negative regulator of melanocyte migration, GD3 increases it. We showed that gangliosides were shed to the matrix by migrating cells and that GD3 synthase transfected cells shed extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched in GD3. EVs enriched in GD3 stimulated cell migration of GD3 negative cells, as observed in time lapse microscopy studies. Otherwise, EVs shed by GM3+veGD3-ve cells impaired migration and diminished cell velocity in cells overexpressing GD3. The balance of antimigratory GM3 and promigratory GD3 gangliosides in melanocytes could be altered not only by the overexpression of enzymes such as ST8Sia I, but also by the horizontal transfer of ganglioside enriched extracellular vesicles. This study highlights that extracellular vesicles transfer biological information also through their membrane components, which include a variety of glycosphingolipids remodeled in disease states such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Hanada Otake
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM-24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata de Freitas Saito
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM-24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Marques Duarte
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM-24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Ferreira Ramos
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM-24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM-24), Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Gangliosides in Inflammation and Neurodegeneration. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:265-287. [PMID: 29747817 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides play roles in the regulation of cell signaling that are mediated via membrane microdomains, lipid rafts. In this review, functions of gangliosides in the maintenance of nervous systems with a focus on regulation of inflammation and neurodegeneration are addressed. During analyses of various ganglioside-lacking mutant mice, we demonstrated that nervous tissues exhibited inflammatory reactions and subsequent neurodegeneration. Among inflammation-related genes, factors of the complement system showed up-regulation with aging. Analyses of architectures and compositions of lipid rafts in nervous tissues from these mutant mice revealed that dysfunctions of complement regulatory proteins based on disrupted lipid rafts were main factors to induce the inflammatory reactions resulting in neurodegeneration. Ganglioside changes in development and senescence, and implication of them in the integrity of cell membranes and cellular phenotypes in physiological and pathological conditions including Alzheimer disease have been summarized. Novel directions to further analyze mechanisms for ganglioside functions in membrane microdomains have been also addressed.
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44
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Iwasawa T, Zhang P, Ohkawa Y, Momota H, Wakabayashi T, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Enhancement of malignant properties of human glioma cells by ganglioside GD3/GD2. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1255-1266. [PMID: 29436609 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, gangliosides, are considered as cancer associated antigens in neuro-ectoderm-derived tumors such as melanomas and neuroblastomas. In particular, gangliosides GD3 and GD2 are expressed in human gliomas. It has been reported that their expression levels increase along with increased malignant properties. However, the implication of GD3/GD2 in human glioma cells has never been clarified, at least to the best of our knowledge. In this study, we introduced the cDNA of GD3 synthase (GD3S)(ST8SIA1) into a glioma cell line, U-251MG, that expresses neither GD3 nor GD2, thereby establishing transfectant cells U-251MG-GD3S(+) expressing high levels of GD3 and GD2 on the cell surface. In these U-251MG‑GD3S(+) cell lines, signaling molecules such as Erk1/2, Akt, p130Cas, paxillin and focal adhesion kinase were activated, leading to the enhancement of invasion activity and motility. It was then demonstrated that the U-251MG-GD3S(+) cells could proliferate under culture conditions with low or no serum concentrations without undergoing cell cycle arrest by escaping the accumulation of p16 and p21. All these results suggested that GD3 and GD2 highly expressed in gliomas confer increased invasion and mobility, cell growth abilities under low serum conditions, and increased ratios of the S-G2/M phase in the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Iwasawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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45
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Esaki N, Ohkawa Y, Hashimoto N, Tsuda Y, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Kotani N, Honke K, Enomoto A, Takahashi M, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. ASC amino acid transporter 2, defined by enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources, enhances malignancy of GD2-positive small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:141-153. [PMID: 29151270 PMCID: PMC5765286 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GD2 is specifically expressed in small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, leading to enhancement of malignant phenotypes, such as cell proliferation and migration. However, how GD2 promotes malignant phenotypes in SCLC cells is not well known. In this study, to reveal the mechanisms by which GD2 increases malignant phenotypes in SCLC cells, we used enzyme‐mediated activation of radical sources combined with mass spectrometry in GD2+SCLC cells. Consequently, we identified ASC amino acid transporter 2 (ASCT2), a major glutamine transporter, which coordinately works with GD2. We showed that ASCT2 was highly expressed in glycolipid‐enriched microdomain/rafts in GD2+SCLC cells, and colocalized with GD2 in both proximity ligation assay and immunocytostaining, and bound with GD2 in immunoprecipitation/TLC immunostaining. Malignant phenotypes of GD2+SCLC cells were enhanced by glutamine uptake, and were suppressed by L‐γ‐glutamyl‐p‐nitroanilide, a specific inhibitor of ASCT2, through reduced phosphorylation of p70 S6K1 and S6. These results suggested that ASCT2 enhances glutamine uptake in glycolipid‐enriched microdomain/rafts in GD2+SCLC cells, leading to the enhancement of cell proliferation and migration through increased phosphorylation of the mTOR complex 1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Departments of Biochemistry 2, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Departments of Biochemistry 2, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Tsuda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Departments of Biochemistry 2, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kotani
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University School of Medicine, Kochi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Departments of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Departments of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
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Verheul C, Kleijn A, Lamfers MLM. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of malignancies located in the central nervous system. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 146:139-169. [PMID: 29110768 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804279-3.00010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CNS malignancies include primary tumors that originate within the CNS as well as secondary tumors that develop as a result of metastatic cancer. The delicate nature of the nervous systems makes tumors located in the CNS notoriously difficult to reach, which poses several problems during diagnosis and treatment. CSF can be acquired relatively easy through lumbar puncture and offers an important compartment for analysis of cells and molecules that carry information about the malignant process. Such techniques have opened up a new field of research focused on the identification of specific biomarkers for several types of CNS malignancies, which may help in diagnosis and monitoring of tumor progression or treatment response. Biomarkers are sought in DNA, (micro)RNA, proteins, exosomes and circulating tumor cells in the CSF. Techniques are rapidly progressing to assess these markers with increasing sensitivity and specificity, and correlations with clinical parameters are being investigated. It is expected that these efforts will, in the near future, yield clinically relevant markers that aid in diagnosis, monitoring and (tailored) treatment of patients bearing CNS tumors. This chapter provides a summary of the current state of affairs of the field of biomarkers of different types of CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Verheul
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Kleijn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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47
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Groux-Degroote S, Rodríguez-Walker M, Dewald JH, Daniotti JL, Delannoy P. Gangliosides in Cancer Cell Signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:197-227. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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48
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Honke K. Biological functions of sulfoglycolipids and the EMARS method for identification of co-clustered molecules in the membrane microdomains. J Biochem 2017; 163:253-263. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Honke
- Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783–8505, Japan
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783–8505, Japan
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Sialidase NEU3 defines invasive potential of human glioblastoma cells by regulating calpain-mediated proteolysis of focal adhesion proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2778-2788. [PMID: 28760640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most malignant tumors of the human central nervous system characterized by high degree of invasiveness. Focusing on this invasive nature, we investigated whether ganglioside-specific sialidase NEU3 might be involved, because gangliosides are major components of brain tissues, and cell surface sialic acids, as target residues of sialidase catalysis, are thought to be closely related to cell invasion. METHODS NEU3 mRNA levels of human glioblastoma specimens were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Human glioblastoma cell lines, U251, A172, and T98G were used for cell invasion and migration by transwell and cell scratching assay. The molecules involved in the signaling cascade were investigated by western blot and immunofluorescent microscopy. RESULTS NEU3 expression was down-regulated in human glioblastoma specimens. In the human glioblastoma cell lines, NEU3 overexpression reduced invasion and migration by promoting the assembly of focal adhesions through reduced calpain-dependent proteolysis, but NEU3 silencing resulted in accelerating cell invasion via disassembly of focal adhesions. In NEU3-silenced cells, elevation of calpain activity and GM3 accumulation were observed, as results of reduced sialidase hydrolysis, localization of calpain and GM3 at the cell lamellipodium being demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSION Sialidase NEU3 was found to exert a great influence on cell invasion in regulation of calpain activity and focal adhesion disassembly and consequent invasive potential of glioblastoma cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This first demonstration of sialidase involvement in invasive potential of gliolastoma cells may point to NEU3 as an attractive treatment target of human gliomas.
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50
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Glycolipids: Essential regulator of neuro-inflammation, metabolism and gliomagenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2479-2484. [PMID: 28602513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Gene knockout mice of glycosyltransferases have clearly showed roles of their products in the bodies, while there are examples where phenotype of knockout was much less severe than expected probably due to functional redundancy. The most striking novel finding obtained from ganglioside-deficient mice was that progressive inflammatory reaction took place, leading to neurodegeneration. In particular, dysfunction of complement-regulatory proteins due to deteriorated architecture of lipid rafts seemed to be essential mechanisms for the inflammation. Furthermore, roles of gangliosides in neurons were demonstrated by neuron-specific transgenic of B4galnt1 with genetic background of B4galnt1 deficiency. From study of gene knockout mice of St8sia1, new roles of b-series gangliosides in leptin secretion from adipocytes, and roles of a-series gangliosides in leptin receptor, ObR in hypothalamus were demonstrated, leading to apparent intact balance of energy. Essential roles of b-series gangliosides in malignant properties of gliomas were also shown, suggesting their roles in the regulation of inflammation and proliferation in nervous tissues. How to apply these findings for the control of newly discovered patients with ganglioside deficiency remains to be investigated. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Neuro-glycoscience, edited by Kenji Kadomatsu and Hiroshi Kitagawa.
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