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Tang W, Wei Q. The metabolic pathway regulation in kidney injury and repair. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1344271. [PMID: 38283280 PMCID: PMC10811252 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1344271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury and repair are accompanied by significant disruptions in metabolic pathways, leading to renal cell dysfunction and further contributing to the progression of renal pathology. This review outlines the complex involvement of various energy production pathways in glucose, lipid, amino acid, and ketone body metabolism within the kidney. We provide a comprehensive summary of the aberrant regulation of these metabolic pathways in kidney injury and repair. After acute kidney injury (AKI), there is notable mitochondrial damage and oxygen/nutrient deprivation, leading to reduced activity in glycolysis and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, disruptions occur in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), amino acid metabolism, and the supply of ketone bodies. The subsequent kidney repair phase is characterized by a metabolic shift toward glycolysis, along with decreased fatty acid β-oxidation and continued disturbances in amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, the impact of metabolism dysfunction on renal cell injury, regeneration, and the development of renal fibrosis is analyzed. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies by targeting renal metabolic regulation to ameliorate kidney injury and fibrosis and promote kidney repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Tang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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2
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Cleveland KH, Schnellmann RG. Pharmacological Targeting of Mitochondria in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:250-262. [PMID: 36781216 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States and many other countries. DKD occurs through a variety of pathogenic processes that are in part driven by hyperglycemia and glomerular hypertension, leading to gradual loss of kidney function and eventually progressing to ESRD. In type 2 diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia and glomerular hyperfiltration leads to glomerular and proximal tubular dysfunction. Simultaneously, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in the early stages of hyperglycemia and has been identified as a key event in the development of DKD. Clinical management for DKD relies primarily on blood pressure and glycemic control through the use of numerous therapeutics that slow disease progression. Because mitochondrial function is key for renal health over time, therapeutics that improve mitochondrial function could be of value in different renal diseases. Increasing evidence supports the idea that targeting aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction, such as mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, restores mitochondrial function and improves renal function in DKD. We will review mitochondrial function in DKD and the effects of current and experimental therapeutics on mitochondrial biogenesis and homeostasis in DKD over time. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects 20% to 40% of patients with diabetes and has limited treatment options. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a key event in the progression of DKD, and pharmacologically restoring mitochondrial function in the early stages of DKD may be a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristan H Cleveland
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (K.H.C., R.G.S.) and Southern VA Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (K.H.C., R.G.S.) and Southern VA Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
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3
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Schultheis N, Becker R, Berhanu G, Kapral A, Roseman M, Shah S, Connell A, Selleck S. Regulation of autophagy, lipid metabolism, and neurodegenerative pathology by heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Front Genet 2023; 13:1012706. [PMID: 36699460 PMCID: PMC9870329 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1012706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate modified proteins or proteoglycans (HSPGs) are an abundant class of cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules. They serve important co-receptor functions in the regulation of signaling as well as membrane trafficking. Many of these activities directly affect processes associated with neurodegeneration including uptake and export of Tau protein, disposition of Amyloid Precursor Protein-derived peptides, and regulation of autophagy. In this review we focus on the impact of HSPGs on autophagy, membrane trafficking, mitochondrial quality control and biogenesis, and lipid metabolism. Disruption of these processes are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and there is evidence that altering heparan sulfate structure and function could counter AD-associated pathological processes. Compromising presenilin function in several systems has provided instructive models for understanding the molecular and cellular underpinnings of AD. Disrupting presenilin function produces a constellation of cellular deficits including accumulation of lipid, disruption of autophagosome to lysosome traffic and reduction in mitochondrial size and number. Inhibition of heparan sulfate biosynthesis has opposing effects on all these cellular phenotypes, increasing mitochondrial size, stimulating autophagy flux to lysosomes, and reducing the level of intracellular lipid. These findings suggest a potential mechanism for countering pathology found in AD and related disorders by altering heparan sulfate structure and influencing cellular processes disrupted broadly in neurodegenerative disease. Vertebrate and invertebrate model systems, where the cellular machinery of autophagy and lipid metabolism are conserved, continue to provide important translational guideposts for designing interventions that address the root cause of neurodegenerative pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Schultheis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Robert Becker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Gelila Berhanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Alexander Kapral
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Matthew Roseman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Shalini Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Alyssa Connell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Scott Selleck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada,*Correspondence: Scott Selleck,
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4
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Orofiamma LA, Vural D, Antonescu CN. Control of cell metabolism by the epidermal growth factor receptor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119359. [PMID: 36089077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers the activation of many intracellular signals that control cell proliferation, growth, survival, migration, and differentiation. Given its wide expression, EGFR has many functions in development and tissue homeostasis. Some of the cellular outcomes of EGFR signaling involve alterations of specific aspects of cellular metabolism, and alterations of cell metabolism are emerging as driving influences in many physiological and pathophysiological contexts. Here we review the mechanisms by which EGFR regulates cell metabolism, including by modulation of gene expression and protein function leading to control of glucose uptake, glycolysis, biosynthetic pathways branching from glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, lipogenesis, and mitochondrial function. We further examine how this regulation of cell metabolism by EGFR may contribute to cell proliferation and differentiation and how EGFR-driven control of metabolism can impact certain diseases and therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Orofiamma
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Dafne Vural
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada.
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Zhang R, Zeng J, Deng Z, Yin G, Wang L, Tan J. PGC1 α plays a pivotal role in renal fibrosis via regulation of fatty acid metabolism in renal tissue. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:786-793. [PMID: 35837779 PMCID: PMC10930027 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.200953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common and irreversible pathological feature of end-stage renal disease caused by multiple etiologies. The role of inflammation in renal fibrosis tissue has been generally accepted. The latest view is that fatty acid metabolism disorder contributes to renal fibrosis. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1α) plays a key role in fatty acid metabolism, regulating fatty acid uptake and oxidized protein synthesis, preventing the accumulation of lipid in the cytoplasm, and maintaining a dynamic balanced state of intracellular lipid. In multiple animal models of renal fibrosis caused by acute or chronic kidney disease, or even age-related kidney disease, almost all of the kidney specimens show the down-regulation of PGC1α. Upregulation of PGC1α can reduce the degree of renal fibrosis in animal models, and PGC1α knockout animals exhibit severe renal fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), MAPK, Notch, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), non-coding RNA (ncRNAs), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), and other pathways regulate the expression of PGC1α and affect fatty acid metabolism. But some of these pathways interact with each other, and the effect of the integrated pathway on renal fibrosis is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhijun Deng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guangming Yin
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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MORG1—A Negative Modulator of Renal Lipid Metabolism in Murine Diabetes. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010030. [PMID: 35052710 PMCID: PMC8772719 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fatty acid (FA) metabolism is severely altered in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM). Increasing evidence suggests that altered lipid metabolism is linked to tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF). Our previous work has demonstrated that mice with reduced MORG1 expression, a scaffold protein in HIF and ERK signaling, are protected against TIF in the db/db mouse model. Renal TGF-ß1 expression and EMT-like changes were reduced in mice with single-allele deficiency of MORG1. Given the well-known role of HIF and ERK signaling in metabolic regulation, here we examined whether protection was also associated with a restoration of lipid metabolism. Despite similar features of TIF in T1DM and T2DM, diabetes-associated changes in renal lipid metabolism differ between both diseases. We found that de novo synthesis of FA/cholesterol and β-oxidation were more strongly disrupted in T1DM, whereas pathological fat uptake into tubular cells mediates lipotoxicity in T2DM. Thus, diminished MORG1 expression exerts renoprotection in the diabetic nephropathy by modulating important factors of TIF and lipid dysregulation to a variable extent in T1DM and T2DM. Prospectively, targeting MORG1 appears to be a promising strategy to reduce lipid metabolic alterations in diabetic nephropathy.
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7
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NNMT is induced dynamically during beige adipogenesis in adipose tissues depot-specific manner. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 78:169-183. [PMID: 34699038 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a novel regulator, shown recently to regulate adipose tissue energy expenditure partly through changing NAD + content, which is essential for mitochondrial. We determine whether NNMT plays important role in energy metabolism during the beige adipogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Male C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks old were exposed to 4 ℃ for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days, respectively. Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), inguinal subcutaneous WAT (sWAT), and epididymal WAT (eWAT) were harvested for gene and protein expression analysis and the correlation analysis. In addition, cultured primary mice brown adipocyte (BA) and white adipocyte (WA) treated with or without β3-adrenoceptor agonist (CL316, 243) were also harvested for these analyses. A combination of NNMT and its related genetic (Nmnat1, Nampt, Cyp2e1, Nrk1, Cd38) and proteic analyses and also the NAD + levels demonstrated the dynamical and depot-specific remodeling of NAD metabolism in different adipose tissues in response to cold exposure. While upon CL316, 243 treatment, gene expression of Nnmt, Nampt, Cyp2e1, and Nrk1 was all significantly decreased in WA but not in BA. The increased NAD + amount in BA and WA during the beige adipogenesis was observed. Besides, it is demonstrated that the expression of NNMT both in sWAT and WA showed significant negative correlation with browning markers UCP-1 and PGC-1α at protein levels. Above all, NNMT was induced in WAT during the 'cold remodeling' phase and correlated negatively with the process of browning in sWAT and WA, indicating the specific role of NNMT in the regulation of energy homeostasis during the process of beige adipogenesis.
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Ding M, Tolbert E, Birkenbach M, Gohh R, Akhlaghi F, Ghonem NS. Treprostinil reduces mitochondrial injury during rat renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111912. [PMID: 34328097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major factor contributing to acute kidney injury and it is associated with a high morbidity and mortality if untreated. Renal IRI depletes cellular and tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which compromises mitochondrial function, further exacerbating renal tubular injury. Currently, no treatment for IRI is available. This study investigates the protective role of treprostinil in improving mitochondria biogenesis and recovery during rat renal IRI. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups: control, sham, IRI-placebo or IRI-treprostinil and subjected to 45 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by 1-72 h reperfusion. Placebo or treprostinil (100 ng/kg/min) was administered subcutaneously via an osmotic minipump. RESULTS Treprostinil significantly reduced peak elevated serum creatinine (SCr) levels and accelerated normalization relative to IRI-placebo (p < 0.0001). Treatment with treprostinil also inhibited IRI-mediated renal apoptosis, mitochondrial oxidative injury (p < 0.05), and the release of cytochrome c (p < 0.01) vs. IRI-placebo. In addition, treprostinil preserved renal mitochondrial DNA copy number (p < 0.0001) and renal ATP levels (p < 0.05) to nearly those of sham-operated animals. Non-targeted semi-quantitative proteomics showed reduced levels of ATP synthase subunits in the IRI-placebo group which were restored to sham levels by treprostinil treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, treprostinil reduced renal IRI-induced upregulated Drp1 and pErk protein levels, and restored Sirt3 and Pgc-1α levels to baseline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Treprostinil reduces mitochondrial-mediated renal apoptosis, inhibits mitochondria fission, and promotes mitochondria fusion, thereby accelerating mitochondrial recovery and protecting renal proximal tubules from renal IRI. These results support the clinical investigation of treprostinil as a viable therapy to reduce renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwen Ding
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA
| | - Evelyn Tolbert
- Division of Renal Disease, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Mark Birkenbach
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Reginald Gohh
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA
| | - Nisanne S Ghonem
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 0288, USA.
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9
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Tang C, Cai J, Yin XM, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Mitochondrial quality control in kidney injury and repair. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:299-318. [PMID: 33235391 PMCID: PMC8958893 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease, as well as in abnormal kidney repair after AKI. Multiple quality control mechanisms, including antioxidant defence, protein quality control, mitochondrial DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, have evolved to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Loss of these mechanisms may induce mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, leading to cell death, tissue injury and, potentially, organ failure. Accumulating evidence suggests a role of disturbances in mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of AKI, incomplete or maladaptive kidney repair and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, specific interventions that target mitochondrial quality control mechanisms to preserve and restore mitochondrial function have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat kidney injury and accelerate kidney repair. However, clinical translation of these findings is challenging owing to potential adverse effects, unclear mechanisms of action and a lack of knowledge of the specific roles and regulation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in kidney resident and circulating cell types during injury and repair of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joel M. Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manjeri A. Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,
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10
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Brown CN, Atwood D, Pokhrel D, Holditch SJ, Altmann C, Skrypnyk NI, Bourne J, Klawitter J, Blaine J, Faubel S, Thorburn A, Edelstein CL. Surgical procedures suppress autophagic flux in the kidney. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:248. [PMID: 33674554 PMCID: PMC7935862 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many surgical models are used to study kidney and other diseases in mice, yet the effects of the surgical procedure itself on the kidney and other tissues have not been elucidated. In the present study, we found that both sham surgery and unilateral nephrectomy (UNX), which is used as a model of renal compensatory hypertrophy, in mice resulted in increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/2 (mTORC1/2) in the remaining kidney. mTORC1 is known to regulate lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. Genes associated with lysosomal biogenesis and function were decreased in sham surgery and UNX kidneys. In both sham surgery and UNX, there was suppressed autophagic flux in the kidney as indicated by the lack of an increase in LC3-II or autophagosomes seen on immunoblot, IF and EM after bafilomycin A1 administration and a concomitant increase in p62, a marker of autophagic cargo. There was a massive increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are known to activate ERK1/2, in the serum after sham surgery and UNX. There was a large increase in ERK1/2 in sham surgery and UNX kidneys, which was blocked by the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib. Trametinib also resulted in a significant decrease in p62. In summary, there was an intense systemic inflammatory response, an ERK-mediated increase in p62 and suppressed autophagic flux in the kidney after sham surgery and UNX. It is important that researchers are aware that changes in systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines, ERK1/2 and autophagy can be caused by sham surgery as well as the kidney injury/disease itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn N Brown
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Atwood
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deepak Pokhrel
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sara J Holditch
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher Altmann
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nataliya I Skrypnyk
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer Bourne
- Electron Microscopy Center, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Judith Blaine
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah Faubel
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles L Edelstein
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
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11
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Kamiar A, Yousefi K, Dunkley JC, Webster KA, Shehadeh LA. β 2-Adrenergic receptor agonism as a therapeutic strategy for kidney disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 320:R575-R587. [PMID: 33565369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00287.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 14% of the general population suffer from chronic kidney disease that can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), a condition with up to 50% mortality for which there is no effective treatment. Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are the main comorbidities, and more than 660,000 Americans have kidney failure. β2-Adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) have been extensively studied in association with lung and cardiovascular disease, but with limited scope in kidney and renal diseases. β2ARs are expressed in multiple parts of the kidney including proximal and distal convoluted tubules, glomeruli, and podocytes. Classical and noncanonical β2AR signaling pathways interface with other intracellular mechanisms in the kidney to regulate important cellular functions including renal blood flow, electrolyte balance and salt handling, and tubular function that in turn exert control over critical physiology and pathology such as blood pressure and inflammatory responses. Nephroprotection through activation of β2ARs has surfaced as a promising field of investigation; however, there is limited data on the pharmacology and potential side effects of renal β2AR modulation. Here, we provide updates on some of the major areas of preclinical kidney research involving β2AR signaling that have advanced to describe molecular pathways and identify potential drug targets some of which are currently under clinical development for the treatment of kidney-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kamiar
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Julian C Dunkley
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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12
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Edwards NJ, Hwang C, Marini S, Pagani CA, Spreadborough PJ, Rowe CJ, Yu P, Mei A, Visser N, Li S, Hespe GE, Huber AK, Strong AL, Shelef MA, Knight JS, Davis TA, Levi B. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps and TLR signaling in skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion injury. FASEB J 2020; 34:15753-15770. [PMID: 33089917 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000994rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury results in devastating skeletal muscle fibrosis. Here, we recapitulate this injury with a mouse model of hindlimb IR injury which leads to skeletal muscle fibrosis. Injury resulted in extensive immune infiltration with robust neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in the skeletal muscle, however, direct targeting of NETs via the peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) mechanism was insufficient to reduce muscle fibrosis. Circulating levels of IL-10 and TNFα were significantly elevated post injury, indicating toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling may be involved in muscle injury. Administration of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a small molecule inhibitor of TLR7/8/9, following injury reduced NET formation, IL-10, and TNFα levels and ultimately mitigated muscle fibrosis and improved myofiber regeneration following IR injury. HCQ treatment decreased fibroadipogenic progenitor cell proliferation and partially inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the injured tissue, suggesting it may act through a combination of TLR7/8/9 and ERK signaling mechanisms. We demonstrate that treatment with FDA-approved HCQ leads to decreased muscle fibrosis and increased myofiber regeneration following IR injury, suggesting short-term HCQ treatment may be a viable treatment to prevent muscle fibrosis in ischemia reperfusion and traumatic extremity injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles Hwang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simone Marini
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chase A Pagani
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Philip J Spreadborough
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cassie J Rowe
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pauline Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annie Mei
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Noelle Visser
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shuli Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Geoffrey E Hespe
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amanda K Huber
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amy L Strong
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miriam A Shelef
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Wisconsin and William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason S Knight
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas A Davis
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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13
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Chambers JM, Wingert RA. PGC-1α in Disease: Recent Renal Insights into a Versatile Metabolic Regulator. Cells 2020; 9:E2234. [PMID: 33022986 PMCID: PMC7601329 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) is perhaps best known as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, by virtue of its interactions as a coactivator for numerous nuclear receptors and transcription factors, PGC-1α also regulates many tissue-specific tasks that include adipogenesis, angiogenesis, gluconeogenesis, heme biosynthesis, thermogenesis, and cellular protection against degeneration. Knowledge about these functions continue to be discovered with ongoing research. Unsurprisingly, alterations in PGC-1α expression lead to a range of deleterious outcomes. In this review, we provide a brief background on the PGC-1 family with an overview of PGC-1α's roles as an adaptive link to meet cellular needs and its pathological consequences in several organ contexts. Among the latter, kidney health is especially reliant on PGC-1α. Thus, we discuss here at length how changes in PGC-1α function impact the states of renal cancer, acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as emerging data that illuminate pivotal roles for PGC-1α during renal development. We survey a new intriguing association of PGC-1α function with ciliogenesis and polycystic kidney disease (PKD), where recent animal studies revealed that embryonic renal cyst formation can occur in the context of PGC-1α deficiency. Finally, we explore future prospects for PGC-1α research and therapeutic implications for this multifaceted coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Chambers
- College of Pharmacy, Natural and Health Sciences, Manchester University, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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14
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Tian R, Wang P, Huang L, Li C, Lu Z, Lu Z, Wu A, Bao K, Mao W, Huang Q, Xu P. Sanqi Oral Solution Ameliorates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Reducing Apoptosis and Enhancing Autophagy: Involvement of ERK/mTOR Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537147. [PMID: 33041791 PMCID: PMC7525120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.537147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant health problem with high morbidity and mortality, yet prophylaxis strategies and effective drugs are limited. Sanqi oral solution (SQ) is a formulated medicine widely used in clinical settings to treat various renal diseases via enriching qi and activating blood circulation while its role on I/R-AKI remains unclear. Herein, by establishing rat I/R-AKI models, we intended to investigate the effect of SQ on the prevention of I/R-AKI and explore its underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that SQ treatment significantly attenuated renal dysfunction of I/R-AKI, alleviated histological damages, inhibited renal apoptosis, and enhanced autophagy. Further investigation proved that SQ could significantly inhibit the activation of ERK and mTOR signaling pathways. Moreover, its renoprotective effect can be abolished by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Collectively, our results suggest that SQ exerts renoprotective effects on renal I/R injury via reducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy, which are associated with regulating ERK/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinchao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingming Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Collier JB, Schnellmann RG. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 regulates NAD metabolism during acute kidney injury through microRNA-34a-mediated NAMPT expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3643-3655. [PMID: 31873757 PMCID: PMC11104937 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have established the important role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) as a mediator of acute kidney injury (AKI). We demonstrated rapid ERK1/2 activation induced renal dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI and downregulated the mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) regulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in mice. In this study, ERK1/2 regulation of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and PGC-1α were explored. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation during AKI in mice using the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, attenuated renal cortical oxidized NAD (NAD+) depletion. The rate-limiting NAD biosynthesis salvage enzyme, NAMPT, decreased following AKI, and this decrease was prevented by ERK1/2 inhibition. The microRNA miR34a decreased with the inhibition of ERK1/2, leading to increased NAMPT protein. Mice treated with a miR34a mimic prevented increases in NAMPT protein in the renal cortex in the presence of ERK1/2 inhibition. In addition, ERK1/2 activation increased acetylated PGC-1α, the less active form, whereas inhibition of ERK1/2 activation prevented an increase in acetylated PGC-1α after AKI through SIRT1 and NAD+ attenuation. These results implicate IR-induced ERK1/2 activation as an important contributor to the downregulation of both PGC-1α and NAD+ pathways that ultimately decrease cellular metabolism and renal function. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation prior to the initiation of IR injury attenuated decreases in PGC-1α and NAD+ and prevented kidney dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Collier
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Southwest Environmental Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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16
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The Role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway during Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Productive Infection in Cell Culture. Viruses 2020; 12:v12090927. [PMID: 32846937 PMCID: PMC7552022 DOI: 10.3390/v12090927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have shown that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway plays an essential role in mediating cellular entry of numerous viruses. In this study, we report that bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) productive infection in both the human lung carcinoma cell line A549 and bovine kidney (MDBK) cells leads to activation of EGFR, as demonstrated by the increased phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr1068 (Y1068), which in turn plays important roles in virus infection. A time-of-addition assay supported that virus replication at post-entry stages was affected by the EGFR specific inhibitor Gefitinib. Interestingly, both phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) and Akt, canonical downstream effectors of EGFR, were activated following virus infection in A549 cells, while Gefitinib could inhibit the activation of PLC-γ1 but not Akt. In addition, virus titers in A549 cells was inhibited by chemical inhibition of PLC-γ1, but not by the inhibition of Akt. However, the Akt specific inhibitor Ly294002 could significantly reduce the virus titer in MDBK cells. Taken together, our data suggest that PLC-γ1 is stimulated in part through EGFR for efficient replication in A549 cells, whereas Akt can be stimulated by virus infection independent of EGFR, and is not essential for virus productive infection, indicating that Akt modulates BoHV-1 replication in a cell type-dependent manner. This study provides novel insights on how BoHV-1 infection activates EGFR signaling transduction to facilitate virus replication.
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17
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Fontecha-Barriuso M, Martin-Sanchez D, Martinez-Moreno JM, Monsalve M, Ramos AM, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A, Sanz AB. The Role of PGC-1α and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Kidney Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020347. [PMID: 32102312 PMCID: PMC7072614 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest growing causes of death worldwide, emphasizing the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches. CKD predisposes to acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI favors CKD progression. Mitochondrial derangements are common features of both AKI and CKD and mitochondria-targeting therapies are under study as nephroprotective agents. PGC-1α is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and an attractive therapeutic target. Low PGC-1α levels and decreased transcription of its gene targets have been observed in both preclinical AKI (nephrotoxic, endotoxemia, and ischemia-reperfusion) and in experimental and human CKD, most notably diabetic nephropathy. In mice, PGC-1α deficiency was associated with subclinical CKD and predisposition to AKI while PGC-1α overexpression in tubular cells protected from AKI of diverse causes. Several therapeutic strategies may increase kidney PGC-1α activity and have been successfully tested in animal models. These include AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators, phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, and anti-TWEAK antibodies. In conclusion, low PGC-1α activity appears to be a common feature of AKI and CKD and recent characterization of nephroprotective approaches that increase PGC-1α activity may pave the way for nephroprotective strategies potentially effective in both AKI and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martin-Sanchez
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Manuel Martinez-Moreno
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Adrian Mario Ramos
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (D.M.-S.); (J.M.M.-M.); (A.M.R.); (M.D.S.-N.); (M.R.-O.); (A.O.)
- REDINREN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-550-48-00
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18
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Kong T, Liu M, Ji B, Bai B, Cheng B, Wang C. Role of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1038. [PMID: 31474876 PMCID: PMC6702336 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), an important member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, is found in many organisms, and it participates in intracellular signal transduction. Various stimuli induce phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in vivo and in vitro. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 moves to the nucleus, activates many transcription factors, regulates gene expression, and controls various physiological processes, finally inducing repair processes or cell death. With the aging of the population around the world, the occurrence of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), especially in the brain, heart, kidney, and other important organs, is becoming increasingly serious. Abnormal activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway is closely related to the development and the metabolic mechanisms of IRI. However, the effects of this signaling pathway and the underlying mechanism differ between various models of IRI. This review summarizes the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and the molecular mechanism underlying its role in models of IRI in the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and other organs. This information will help to deepen the understanding of ERK1/2 signals and deepen the exploration of IRI treatment based on the ERK1/2 study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Kong
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bingyuan Ji
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bo Bai
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Baohua Cheng
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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19
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Barnett LMA, Cummings BS. Nephrotoxicity and Renal Pathophysiology: A Contemporary Perspective. Toxicol Sci 2019; 164:379-390. [PMID: 29939355 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney consists of numerous cell types organized into the nephron, which is the basic functional unit of the kidney. Any stimuli that induce loss of these cells can induce kidney damage and renal failure. The cause of renal failure can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Extrinsic causes include cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, sepsis, and lung and liver failure. Intrinsic causes include glomerular nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, tubular cell death, and stones. The kidney plays a prominent role in mediating the toxicity of numerous drugs, environmental pollutants and natural substances. Drugs known to be nephrotoxic include several cancer therapeutics, drugs of abuse, antibiotics, and radiocontrast agents. Environmental pollutants known to target the kidney include cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, trichloroethylene, bromate, brominated-flame retardants, diglycolic acid, and ethylene glycol. Natural nephrotoxicants include aristolochic acids and mycotoxins such as ochratoxin, fumonisin B1, and citrinin. There are several common characteristics between mechanisms of renal failure induced by nephrotoxicants and extrinsic causes. This common ground exists primarily due to similarities in the molecular mechanisms mediating renal cell death. This review summarizes the current state of the field of nephrotoxicity. It emphasizes integrating our understanding of nephrotoxicity with pathological-induced renal failure. Such approaches are needed to address major questions in the field, which include the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of both acute and chronic renal failure, and the progression of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian S Cummings
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program.,Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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20
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Wang X, Ma T, Wan X, Meng Y, Zhao Z, Bian J, Bao R, Deng X, Yang T. IGFBP7 regulates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through ERK1/2 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7602-7611. [PMID: 30450602 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
IGFBP7 as an early biomarker has been used to identify patients at risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI). Nevertheless, its role in AKI remains obscure. The aim of our study is to determine the role and mechanism of IGFBP7 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HK-2 cells in vitro and on sepsis-induced AKI by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in vivo. Here, we identified that IGFBP7 expression was increased in patients with AKI and HK-2 cells with LPS (1, 2, and 5 μg/mL) induction. HK-2 cells with LPS induction showed cell cycle arrest at G1-G0 phases and cell apoptosis and activated ERK1/2 parallel with the changes in the proteins belonging to the ERK1/2 pathway, including Cyclin D1, P21, Bax, and Bcl-2, which were inhibited by the IGFBP7 knockdown. Moreover, IGFBP7 overexpression significantly induced cell cycle arrest at G1-G0 phases and cell apoptosis of HK-2 cells, which were inhibited by PD98509, an ERK1/2 signaling inhibitor. IGFBP7 knockdown effectively alleviated the severity of the renal injury, evidenced by decreases in the urinary levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and albumin, cell apoptosis, and activation of ERK1/2 signaling in CLP mice. Taken together, our findings indicate that IGFBP7 regulates sepsis-induced AKI through ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Qitai People's Hospital, Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaojian Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Cameron RB, Gibbs WS, Miller SR, Dupre TV, Megyesi J, Beeson CC, Schnellmann RG. Proximal Tubule β 2-Adrenergic Receptor Mediates Formoterol-Induced Recovery of Mitochondrial and Renal Function after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:173-180. [PMID: 30709866 PMCID: PMC11046739 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.252833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the rapid loss of renal function after an insult, and renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) are central to the pathogenesis of AKI. The β 2-adrenergic receptor (β 2AR) agonist formoterol accelerates the recovery of renal function in mice after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) with associated rescue of mitochondrial proteins; however, the cell type responsible for this recovery remains unknown. The role of RPTCs in formoterol-induced recovery of renal function was assessed in a proximal tubule-specific knockout of the β 2AR (γGT-Cre:ADRB2Flox/Flox). These mice and wild-type controls (ADRB2Flox/Flox) were subjected to renal IRI, followed by once-daily dosing of formoterol beginning 24 hours post-IRI and euthanized at 144 hours. Compared with ADRB2Flox/Flox mice, γGT-Cre:ADRB2Flox/Flox mice had decreased renal cortical mRNA expression of the β 2AR. After IRI, formoterol treatment restored renal function in ADRB2Flox/Flox but not γGT-Cre:ADRB2Flox/Flox mice as measured by serum creatinine, histopathology, and expression of kidney injury marker-1 (KIM-1). Formoterol-treated ADRB2Flox/Flox mice exhibited recovery of mitochondrial proteins and DNA copy number, whereas γGT-Cre:ADRB2Flox/Flox mice treated with formoterol did not. Analysis of mitochondrial morphology by transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that formoterol increased mitochondrial number and density in ADRB2Flox/Flox mice but not in γGT-Cre:ADRB2Flox/Flox mice. These data demonstrate that proximal tubule β 2AR regulates renal mitochondrial homeostasis. Formoterol accelerates the recovery of renal function after AKI by activating proximal tubule β 2AR to induce mitochondrial biogenesis and demonstrates the overall requirement of RPTCs in renal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Cameron
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Whitney S Gibbs
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Siennah R Miller
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Tess V Dupre
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Judit Megyesi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (R.B.C., W.S.G., C.C.B.); College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona (R.B.C., W.S.G., S.R.M., T.V.D., R.G.S.), and Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System (R.G.S.), Tuscon, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (J.M.)
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22
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Andrikopoulos P, Kieswich J, Pacheco S, Nadarajah L, Harwood SM, O'Riordan CE, Thiemermann C, Yaqoob MM. The MEK Inhibitor Trametinib Ameliorates Kidney Fibrosis by Suppressing ERK1/2 and mTORC1 Signaling. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 30:33-49. [PMID: 30530834 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During kidney fibrosis, a hallmark and promoter of CKD (regardless of the underlying renal disorder leading to CKD), the extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway, is activated and has been implicated in the detrimental differentiation and expansion of kidney fibroblasts. An ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor, trametinib, is currently used in the treatment of melanoma, but its efficacy in the setting of CKD and renal fibrosis has not been explored. METHODS We investigated whether trametinib has antifibrotic effects in two mouse models of renal fibrosis-mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or fed an adenine-rich diet-as well as in cultured primary human fibroblasts. We also used immunoblot analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and other tools to study underlying molecular mechanisms for antifibrotic effects. RESULTS Trametinib significantly attenuated collagen deposition and myofibroblast differentiation and expansion in UUO and adenine-fed mice. We also discovered that in injured kidneys, inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway by trametinib ameliorated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, another key profibrotic signaling pathway. Trametinib also inhibited the ERK1/2 pathway in cultured primary human renal fibroblasts stimulated by application of TGF-β1, the major profibrotic cytokine, thereby suppressing downstream mTORC1 pathway activation. Additionally, trametinib reduced the expression of myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin and the proliferation of renal fibroblasts, corroborating our in vivo data. Crucially, trametinib also significantly ameliorated renal fibrosis progression when administered to animals subsequent to myofibroblast activation. CONCLUSIONS Further study of trametinib as a potential candidate for the treatment of chronic renal fibrotic diseases of diverse etiologies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Andrikopoulos
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and .,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Julius Kieswich
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and.,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sabrina Pacheco
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and.,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Luxme Nadarajah
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven Michael Harwood
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and.,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Caroline E O'Riordan
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and.,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Muhammad M Yaqoob
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK; and.,Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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23
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Gibbs WS, Garrett SM, Beeson CC, Schnellmann RG. Identification of dual mechanisms mediating 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F260-F268. [PMID: 29046298 PMCID: PMC5866450 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00324.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory recently made the novel observation that 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F (5-HT1F) receptor activation induces mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), the production of new, functional mitochondria, in vitro and in vivo. We sought to determine the mechanism linking the 5-HT1F receptor to MB in renal proximal tubule cells. Using LY344864 , a selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist, we determined that the 5-HT1F receptor is coupled to Gαi/o and induces MB through Gβγ-dependent activation of Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclic guanosine-monophosphate (cGMP), protein kinase G (PKG), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). We also report that the 5-HT1F receptor signals through a second, Gβγ-dependent pathway that is linked by Akt phosphorylation of Raf. In contrast to the activated Akt pathway, Raf phosphorylation reduced extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and foxhead box O3a (FOXO3a) phosphorylation, suppressing an inhibitory MB pathway. These results demonstrate that the 5-HT1F receptor regulates MB through Gβγ-dependent dual mechanisms that activate a stimulatory MB pathway, Akt/eNOS/cGMP/PKG/PGC-1α, while simultaneously repressing an inhibitory MB pathway, Raf/MEK/ERK/FOXO3a. Novel mechanisms of MB provide the foundation for new chemicals that induce MB to treat acute and chronic organ injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Gibbs
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sara M Garrett
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona
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24
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate confers protection against corticosterone-induced neuron injuries via restoring extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathways. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192083. [PMID: 29373584 PMCID: PMC5786317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies suggested epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has significant neuroprotection against multiple central neural injuries, but the underlying mechanisms still remain poorly elucidated. Here we provide evidence to support the possible involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathways in EGCG-mediated protection against corticosterone-induced neuron injuries. As an essential stress hormone, corticosterone could induce obvious neurotoxicity in primary hippocampal neurons. Pre-treatment with EGCG ameliorated the corticosterone-induced neuronal injuries; however, it was blocked by pharmacological inhibitors for ERK1/2 (U0126) and PI3K/AKT (LY294002). Furthermore, the results confirmed that EGCG restored the corticosterone-induced decrease of ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation, and attenuated the corticosterone-induced reduction of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression and ATP production. Taken together, these findings indicated that EGCG has significant neuroprotection against corticosterone-induced neuron injuries partly via restoring the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways as well as the PGC-1α-mediated ATP production.
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25
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Collier JB, Schnellmann RG. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Regulates Mouse Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Expression Physiologically and Following Ischemic and Septic Renal Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 363:419-427. [PMID: 29074644 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) has been extensively studied in various renal diseases and following acute injury; however, the initial mechanisms controlling KIM-1 expression remain limited. In this study, KIM-1 expression was examined in mouse renal cell cultures and in two different models of acute kidney injury (AKI), ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. KIM-1 mRNA increased in both AKI models, and pharmacological inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling attenuated injury-induced KIM-1 expression in the renal cortex. Toll-like receptor 4 knockout (TLR4KO) mice exhibited reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and attenuated KIM-1 mRNA after LPS exposure. TLR4KO mice were not protected from IR-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and upregulation of KIM-1 mRNA. Following renal IR injury, phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at serine 727 and tyrosine 705 increased downstream from ERK1/2 activation. Because phosphorylated STAT3 is a transcriptional upregulator of KIM-1 and inhibition of ERK1/2 attenuated increases in STAT3 phosphorylation, we suggest an ERK1/2-STAT3-KIM-1 pathway following renal injury. Finally, ERK1/2 inhibition in naive mice decreased KIM-1 mRNA and nuclear STAT3 phosphorylation in the cortex, indicating homeostatic regulation of KIM-1. These findings reveal renal ERK1/2 as an important initial regulator of KIM-1 expression in IR and septic AKI and at a physiologic level.Visual Abstract.Proposed mechanism of IR, LPS, and ROS-induced renal damage that initiates ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation. STAT3 then binds to the KIM-1 promoter and increases KIM-1 mRNA. By preventing ERK1/2 phosphorylation following renal injury, STAT3 phosphorylation is decreased, leading to less phosphorylated STAT3 within the nucleus, and subsequently less KIM-1 mRNA increases post injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Collier
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (J.B.C.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (J.B.C.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
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26
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) arising from diverse etiologies is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1alpha (PGC1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, has been shown to be protective in AKI. Interestingly, reduction of PGC1α has also been implicated in the development of diabetic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. The beneficial renal effects of PGC1α make it a prime target for therapeutics aimed at ameliorating AKI, forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and their intersection. This review summarizes the current literature on the relationship between renal health and PGC1α and proposes areas of future interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Lynch
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mei T Tran
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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