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Medina-Vera D, López-Gambero AJ, Navarro JA, Sanjuan C, Baixeras E, Decara J, de Fonseca FR. Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies: a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:289-295. [PMID: 37488880 PMCID: PMC10503604 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein. Among the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation, brain insulin resistance has generated much attention, and inositols as insulin sensitizers, are currently considered candidates for drug development. The present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements: Alzheimer's disease-tau-inositols, which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Medina-Vera
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, UGC del Corazón, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús López-Gambero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Juan Antonio Navarro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Elena Baixeras
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Decara
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC Salud Mental, Málaga, Spain
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2
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Kohara Y, Ikai S, Yoshihara A, Murao K, Sugiyama Y. Effect of chronic exposure to ketohexoses on pancreatic β-cell function in INS-1 rat insulinoma cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:163-170. [PMID: 36413460 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucotoxicity, impaired insulin secretion, suppression of insulin gene expression, and apoptosis, in pancreatic β-cells caused by chronic hyperglycemia is a key component of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Recently, it has been reported that rare sugar d-allulose has antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects in diabetic rats. However, the direct effects of rare sugars including d-allulose on pancreatic β-cell function are unclear. In this study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to ketohexoses causes glucotoxicity, suppression of insulin gene expression, and apoptosis, in INS-1 rat pancreatic insulinoma cells. d-Fructose, d-tagatose, l-allulose, and l-sorbose treatment for 1-week reduced insulin gene expression, whereas d-allulose, d-sorbose, l-fructose, and l-tagatose did not. All ketohexoses were transported into INS-1 cells, but were not metabolized. In addition, the ketohexoses did not induce apoptosis and did not affect glucose metabolism. These results suggest that long-term administration of d-allulose, d-sorbose, l-fructose, and l-tagatose does not affect pancreatic β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Kohara
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Shuta Ikai
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akihide Yoshihara
- International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Murao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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3
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Jääskeläinen T, Klemetti MM. Genetic Risk Factors and Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Gestational Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224799. [PMID: 36432486 PMCID: PMC9694797 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paralleling the increasing trends of maternal obesity, gestational diabetes (GDM) has become a global health challenge with significant public health repercussions. In addition to short-term adverse outcomes, such as hypertensive pregnancy disorders and fetal macrosomia, in the long term, GDM results in excess cardiometabolic morbidity in both the mother and child. Recent data suggest that women with GDM are characterized by notable phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity and that frequencies of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes are different between physiologic GDM subtypes. However, as of yet, GDM treatment protocols do not differentiate between these subtypes. Mapping the genetic architecture of GDM, as well as accurate phenotypic and genotypic definitions of GDM, could potentially help in the individualization of GDM treatment and assessment of long-term prognoses. In this narrative review, we outline recent studies exploring genetic risk factors of GDM and later type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women with prior GDM. Further, we discuss the current evidence on gene-lifestyle interactions in the development of these diseases. In addition, we point out specific research gaps that still need to be addressed to better understand the complex genetic and metabolic crosstalk within the mother-placenta-fetus triad that contributes to hyperglycemia in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Jääskeläinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Miira M. Klemetti
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 140, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Zeng Q, Zou D, Gu S, Han F, Cao S, Wei Y, Guo R. Different Associations Between CDKAL1 Variants and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility: A Meta-analysis. Front Genet 2022; 12:783078. [PMID: 35069684 PMCID: PMC8766415 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.783078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1 like 1 (CDKAL1) is a major pathogenesis-related protein for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, some studies have investigated the association of CDKAL1 susceptibility variants, including rs4712523, rs4712524, and rs9460546 with T2DM. However, the results were inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CDKAL1 variants and T2DM patients. Methods: A comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between CDKAL1 SNPs and T2DM among dominant, recessive, additive, and allele models. Results: We investigated these three CDKAL1 variants to identify T2DM risk. Our findings were as follows: rs4712523 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM for the allele model (G vs A: OR = 1.172; 95% CI: 1.103-1.244; p < 0.001) and dominant model (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 1.464; 95% CI: 1.073-1.996; p = 0.016); rs4712524 was significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM for the allele model (G vs A: OR = 1.146; 95% CI: 1.056-1.245; p = 0.001), additive model (GG vs AA: OR = 1.455; 95% CI: 1.265-1.673; p < 0.001) recessive model (GG vs AA + AG: OR = 1.343; 95% CI: 1.187-1.518; p < 0.001) and dominant model (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 1.221; 95% CI: 1.155-1.292; p < 0.001); and rs9460546 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM for the allele model (G vs T: OR = 1.215; 95% CI: 1.167-1.264; p = 0.023). The same results were found in the East Asian subgroup for the allele model. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CDKAL1 polymorphisms (rs4712523, rs4712524, and rs9460546) are significantly associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Dehua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fengqiong Han
- Department of Obstetric, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Shilin Cao
- Department of Medical, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Runmin Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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5
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Involvement of Cdkal1 in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and microvascular diabetic complications: a review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:991-1001. [PMID: 35673487 PMCID: PMC9167393 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus, being a polygenic disorder, have a set of risk genes involved in the onset of the insulin resistance, obesity and impaired insulin synthesis. Recent genome wide association studies (GWAS) shows the intimacy of CDK5 regulatory subunit Associated protein 1-Like 1 (Cdkal1) with the pathophysiology of the diabetes mellitus and its complications, although the exact molecular relation is still unknown. In this short review, we have summarized all the diverse biological roles of Cdkal1 in relation to the onset of diabetes mellitus. Variations in the Cdkal1 transcript are responsible for the accumulation of misfolded insulin and thus generating oxidative and ER stress in the pancreatic β-cells, leading to their destruction. Recent studies have shown that Cdkal1 has an intrinsic thiomethyl transferase activity, which is essential for proper posttranslational processing of pre-proinsulin to produce mature insulin. Moreover, Cdkal1 has also been claimed as an endogenous inhibitor of cdk5, which prevents the cdk5-induced interruption in insulin synthesis through PDX1 translocation from nucleus to cytosol. Recent clinical studies have identified the risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Cdkal1 as one of the root causes for the onset of diabetic complications. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first comprehensive review which elaborates most of the potential Cdkal1-dependent molecular mechanisms studied yet. In this review, we present a compiled and concise summary about all the diverse roles of Cdkal1 in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. This review will be helpful to target Cdkal1 as a potential option for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in future. Graphical abstract
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6
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Naser FH, Fadheel HK, Hussain MK, Algenabi AHA, Mohammad HJ, Kaftan AN, Al-Kashwan TA. Association of CDKAL1 gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a sample of Iraqi population. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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7
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Liu XY, Zhang N, Zhang SX, Xu P. Potential new therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease: Glucagon-like peptide-1. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:7749-7769. [PMID: 34676939 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows a close relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut incretin hormone, has become a well-established treatment for T2DM and is likely to be involved in treating cognitive impairment. In this mini review, the similarities between AD and T2DM are summarised with the main focus on GLP-1-based therapeutics in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shanxi, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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8
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The cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor Roscovitine prevents diet-induced metabolic disruption in obese mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20365. [PMID: 34645915 PMCID: PMC8514475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most strategies to treat obesity-related disorders have involved prevention of diet-induced weight gain in lean mice. Treatment of obese individuals will require therapies that reverse the detrimental effects of excess body weight. Cyclin-dependent kinases have been shown to contribute to obesity and its adverse complications. Here, we show that roscovitine; a an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; given to male mice during the last six weeks of a 19-week high fat diet, reduced weight gain and prevented accompanying insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, visceral adipose tissue (eWAT) inflammation/fibrosis as well as restored insulin secretion and enhanced whole body energy expenditure. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis of eWAT demonstrated that roscovitine suppressed expression of peptides and phosphopeptides linked to inflammation and extracellular matrix proteins. It also identified 17 putative protein kinases perturbed by roscovitine, including CMGC kinases, AGC kinases and CAMK kinases. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that lipid metabolism, TCA cycle, fatty acid beta oxidation and creatine biosynthesis are enriched following roscovitine treatment. For brown adipose tissue (BAT), analysis of upstream kinases controlling the phosphoproteome revealed two major kinase groups, AGC and CMGC kinases. Among the top enriched pathways were insulin signaling, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, thyroid hormone signaling, thermogenesis and cAMP-PKG signaling. We conclude that roscovitine is effective at preventing prolonged diet-induced metabolic disruption and restoring mitochondrial activity in BAT and eWAT.
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Abstract
The aim of this work was to review studies in which genetic variants were assessed with respect to metabolic response to treatment with novel glucose-lowering drugs: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). In total, 22 studies were retrieved from the literature (MEDLINE). Variants of the GLP-1 receptor gene (GLP1R) were associated with a smaller reduction in HbA1c in response to DPP-4i. Variants of a number of other genes (KCNQ1, KCNJ11, CTRB1/2, PRKD1, CDKAL1, IL6 promoter region, TCF7L2, DPP4, PNPLA3) have also been related to DPP-4i response, although replication studies are lacking. The GLP1R gene was also reported to play a role in the response to GLP-1 RA, with larger weight reductions being reported in carriers of GLP1R variant alleles. There were variants of a few other genes (CNR1, TCF7L2, SORCS1) described to be related to GLP-1 RA. For SGLT2i, studies have focused on genes affecting renal glucose reabsorption (e.g. SLC5A2) but no relationship between SLC5A2 variants and response to empagliflozin has been found. The relevance of the included studies is limited due to small genetic effects, low sample sizes, limited statistical power, inadequate statistics (lack of gene-drug interactions), inadequate accounting for confounders and effects modifiers, and a lack of replication studies. Most studies have been based on candidate genes. Genome-wide association studies, in that respect, may be a more promising approach to providing novel insights. However, the identification of distinct subgroups of type 2 diabetes might also be necessary before pharmacogenetic studies can be successfully used for a stratified prescription of novel glucose-lowering drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Brenda Bongaerts
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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10
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Nakane T, Matsumoto S, Iida S, Ido A, Fukunaga K, Murao K, Sugiyama Y. Candidate plasticity gene 16 and jun dimerization protein 2 are involved in the suppression of insulin gene expression in rat pancreatic INS-1 β-cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 527:111240. [PMID: 33676985 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia causes pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, impaired insulin secretion and the suppression of insulin gene expression. This phenomenon is referred to as glucotoxicity, and is a critical component of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We previously reported that the expression of candidate plasticity gene 16 (CPG16) was higher in rat pancreatic INS-1 β-cells under glucotoxic conditions and CPG16 suppressed insulin promoter activity. However, the molecular mechanisms of the CPG16-mediated suppression of insulin gene expression are unclear. In this study, we found that CPG16 directly bound and phosphorylated jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2), an AP-1 family transcription factor. CPG16 co-localized with JDP2 in the nucleus of INS-1 cells. JDP2 bound to the G1 element of the insulin promoter and up-regulated promoter activity. Finally, CPG16 suppressed the up-regulation of insulin promoter activity by JDP2 in a kinase activity-dependent manner. These results suggest that CPG16 suppresses insulin promoter activity by phosphorylating JDP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuto Nakane
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Suzuka Matsumoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iida
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ayae Ido
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kensaku Fukunaga
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Murao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sugiyama
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
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Yu XY, Song LP, Wei SD, Wen XL, Liu DB. CDK5 Regulatory Subunit-Associated Protein 1-Like 1 Gene Polymorphisms and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk: A Trial Sequential Meta-Analysis of 13,306 Subjects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:722674. [PMID: 34721291 PMCID: PMC8551443 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.722674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) contributes to islet β-cell function and insulin secretion by inhibiting the activation of CDK5. The current studies on the relationship between CDKAL1 polymorphisms rs7756992 A>G and rs7754840 C>G and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have drawn contradictory conclusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A meta-analysis with a fixed- or random-effects model was conducted to estimate the correlation between studied CDKAL1 polymorphisms and GDM risk with the summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In addition, trial sequential analysis (TSA) and false-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis were performed to confirm the study findings. RESULTS A total of 13,306 subjects were included in the present study. Meta-analysis results showed that the variant heterozygous and homozygous genotypes of the two polymorphisms were associated with increased GDM risk in comparison with the wild-type AA genotype (AG vs. AA: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08, 1.41, p = 0.002; GG vs. AA: OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.05, 2.05, p = 0.024 for rs7756992; and CG vs. GG: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.65, p = 0.002; CC vs. GG: OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.37, 2.26, p < 0.001 for rs7754840). The TSA confirmed a significant association between rs7754840 and the susceptibility to GDM because the cumulative Z-curve crossed both the conventional cutoff value and the TSA boundaries under the heterozygote and homozygote models. CONCLUSIONS This study supported the finding that rs7756992 and rs7754840 are associated with susceptibility to GDM. However, further functional studies are warranted to clarify the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-yuan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-yuan Yu, ; Da-bin Liu,
| | - Li-ping Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shu-dan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao-lan Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Da-bin Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-yuan Yu, ; Da-bin Liu,
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Liu X, Liang J, Geng H, Xu W, Teng F, Yang M. Association of the CDKAL1 polymorphism rs10946398 with type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21383. [PMID: 32791750 PMCID: PMC7387030 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies had reported that the CDKAL1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1) rs10946398 C/A polymorphism associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in various ethnic groups, however, inconsistent results have been obtained in studies of different populations.We performed a meta-analysis of 13 studies for rs10946398 of CDKAL1 on genetic susceptibility for T2DM.The results showed that CDKAL1 rs10946398 C/A polymorphism associated with T2DM under allelic (odds risk (OR): 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.28, P = .0007), homozygous (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.15-1.69, P = .0008), and dominant models (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.09-1.46, P = .001).We found that rs10946398 C/A polymorphism was associated with T2DM, and this association was significantly in population of western country (Europe and United States) and Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Department of endocrinology, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Houfa Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Department of endocrinology, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Department of endocrinology, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Department of endocrinology, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Department of endocrinology, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Obesity-related loci in TMEM18, CDKAL1 and FAIM2 are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han patients. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:65. [PMID: 32228543 PMCID: PMC7106578 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-00999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Several obesity susceptibility loci in genes, including GNPDA2, SH2B1, TMEM18, MTCH2, CDKAL1, FAIM2, and MC4R, have been identified by genome-wide association studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these loci are associated with the concurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han patients. Methods Using the SNaPshot technique, we genotyped seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 439 Chinese patients living in Northeast China who presented at The Second Hospital of Jilin University. We analyzed the associations between these seven alleles and clinical characteristics. Results Risk alleles near TMEM18 (rs6548238) were associated with increased waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; risk alleles of CDKAL1 (rs7754840) were associated with increased waist circumference and waist/hip ratio; and FAIM2 (rs7138803) risk alleles were linked to increased BMI, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for sex and age, loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238) and FAIM2 (rs7138803), but not SH2B1 (rs7498665), near GNPDA2 (rs10938397), MTCH2 (rs10838738) and near MC4R (rs12970134), were associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. Conclusion We found that loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238), CDKAL1 (rs7754840), and FAIM2 (rs7138803) may be associated with obesity-related indicators, and loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238) and FAIM2 (rs7138803) may increase susceptibility of concurrent type 2 diabetes associated with obesity.
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Sharma S, Sicinski P. A kinase of many talents: non-neuronal functions of CDK5 in development and disease. Open Biol 2020; 10:190287. [PMID: 31910742 PMCID: PMC7014686 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) represents an unusual member of the family of cyclin-dependent kinases, which is activated upon binding to non-cyclin p35 and p39 proteins. The role of CDK5 in the nervous system has been very well established. In addition, there is growing evidence that CDK5 is also active in non-neuronal tissues, where it has been postulated to affect a variety of functions such as the immune response, angiogenesis, myogenesis, melanogenesis and regulation of insulin levels. Moreover, high levels of CDK5 have been observed in different tumour types, and CDK5 was proposed to play various roles in the tumorigenic process. In this review, we discuss these various CDK5 functions in normal physiology and disease, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting CDK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Li C, Shen K, Yang M, Yang Y, Tao W, He S, Shi L, Yao Y, Li Y. Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in CDKAL1 and HHEX and Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:5113-5123. [PMID: 33447064 PMCID: PMC7801916 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s288587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a high global prevalence, and the interaction of environmental factors and genetic factors may contribute to the risk of T2DM. We aimed to investigate the association between T2DM and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes (CDKAL1 and HHEX) associated with insulin secretion. SUBJECTS AND METHODS T2DM (n=1,169) and nondiabetic (NDM) (n=1,277) subjects were enrolled and the eight SNPs in CDKAL1 and HHEX genes associated with insulin secretion were genotyped in a Chinese population using MassARRAY. Then, the association of these SNPs with T2DM was analyzed. RESULTS Our results revealed that four SNPs (rs4712524, rs10946398, rs7754840 in CDKAL1, and rs5015480 in HHEX) showed significantly different distributions between the T2DM and NDM groups (P<0.00625). The G allele of rs4712524 (P=0.004, OR=1.184; 95% CI=1.057-1.327), C allele of rs10946398 (P<0.001, OR=1.247; 95% CI=1.112-1.398), and C allele of rs775480 in CDKAL1 (P<0.001, OR=1.229; 95% CI=1.096-1.387) functioned as risk alleles of T2DM. The C allele of rs5015480 in HHEX (P<0.001, OR=1.295; 95% CI=1.124-1.493) was also the risk factor for T2DM. The haplotype analysis revealed that CDKAL1 haplotype rs4712524G-rs10946398C-rs7754840C-rs9460546G (P=0.001, OR=1.210; 95% CI=1.076-1.360) and HHEX haplotype rs1111875C-rs5015480C (P<0.001, OR=1.364; 95% CI=1.180-1.576) were the risk factors of T2DM. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that genetic variations in CDKAL1 and HHEX were associated with T2DM susceptibility in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyu Shen
- Department of Medicine, Dentistry and Healthy Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, & the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan650021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, & the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan650021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, & the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan650021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siqi He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan650118, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yufeng Yao Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118Yunnan, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, & the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan650021, People’s Republic of China
- Yiping Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province & the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021Yunnan, People’s Republic of China Email
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PES1 promotes BET inhibitors resistance and cells proliferation through increasing c-Myc expression in pancreatic cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:463. [PMID: 31718704 PMCID: PMC6852745 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Overexpressed PES1 promotes carcinogenesis in various types of malignant tumors. However, the biological role and clinical significance of PES1 in pancreatic cancer are still unexplored. Methods The expression level of PES1 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer patient samples was determined using Western Blotting analysis, RT-qPCR analysis, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tissue microarray, and the GEPIA web tool. MTS assay, colony formation assay, and xenograft tumor assay were used to evaluate the tumor growth ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Results We established that the expression of PES1 was abnormally increased in pancreatic cancer tissues and led to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. We also found that PES1 was responsible for promoting cell growth and contributed to bromodomain and cancer cell resistance to extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we showed that PES1 interacted with BRD4 to enhance c-Myc expression, which is the primary cause of cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Finally, CDK5 inhibitors were proven to destabilize PES1 and overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusions We have shown that PES1 could be one of the promoting factors of tumor growth and a prognosis-related protein of pancreatic cancer. Targeting PES1 with CDK5 inhibitors might help overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Tian Y, Xu J, Huang T, Cui J, Zhang W, Song W, Chen H, Huang P, Yang S, Wang L, He X, Wang L, Cui W. A Novel Polymorphism (rs35612982) in CDKAL1 Is a Risk Factor of Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019; 44:1313-1326. [PMID: 31639799 DOI: 10.1159/000503175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of environmental factors and genetic factors may contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to investigate whether age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors have an effect on the association between the CDKAL1 polymorphisms and T2D. METHODS Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms in CDKAL1 were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY in 508 T2D patients and 503 controls. The association between the CDKAL1 polymorphisms and T2D was evaluated using logistic regression model by calculating OR and 95% CIs. RESULTS We found a significant association between CDKAL1 polymorphisms (rs4712523, OR 1.42, p = 9.44 × 10-5; rs4712524, OR 1.38, p = 3.28 × 10-4; rs10946398, OR 1.43, p = 6.21 × 10-5; rs7754840, OR 1.43, p = 6.33 × 10-5; rs35612982, OR 1.34, p = 0.0010; and rs10440833, OR 1.32, p = 0.0018) and T2D risk among the Han population from Northwest China. We also found that genetic variants of CDKAL1 could modify the risk of T2D that might be influenced by age, BMI and the status of smoking and drinking. Besides, rs35612982-CT (p = 0.038) and rs10440833-AT (p = 0.044) genotypes were higher insulin level. CONCLUSION CDKAL1 rs35612982 (C/T) polymorphism, as a new polymorphism, was associated with the increased risk of T2D in the Han Chinese population. Moreover, the contribution of CDKAL1 polymorphisms to T2D risk seems to be associated with age, gender, BMI, smoking and drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Second Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China,
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Karunakaran U, Lee JE, Elumalai S, Moon JS, Won KC. Myricetin prevents thapsigargin-induced CDK5-P66Shc signalosome mediated pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:59-66. [PMID: 31163256 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has deleterious effects on pancreatic β-cell function and survival in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays a critical role in β-cell failure under diabetic milieu conditions. However, little information is available on CDK5's ability to impair the function of β-cells via a chemical ER stress inducer thapsigargin. Myricetin, a natural flavonoid, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we examined the effect of CDK5 on thapsigargin-induced β-cell apoptosis, and explored the relationship between myricetin and CDK5. Exposure of beta cells with thapsigargin, induced a Src-mediated redox signaling (VAV2-Rac1-NOX) formation and CDK5 activation. Activated CDK5 induced antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) degradation which was associated with p66Shc serine 36 phosphorylation, causing beta cell apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction. Exposure of beta cells to myricetin resulted in an acute inhibition of Src-mediated redox signaling (VAV2-Rac1-NOX) formation and CDK5 activation. Myricetin inhibited CDK5 activation by directly binding to its ATP-binding pocket. Treatment with myricetin also enhanced the stability of Mcl-1 after thapsigargin treatment. Inhibition of CDK5 with myricetin or roscovitine, a CDK5 inhibitor attenuates thapsigargin induced p66Shc serine 36 phosphorylation and also reduced mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing mitochondrial ROS and caspase-3 activation. In addition, myricetin was observed to enhance PDX-1 and insulin mRNA expression and potentiate glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Taken together, these findings indicate that thapsigargin-induced early molecular events lead to CDK5-p66Shc signalosome contributes to thapsigargin-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Myricetin blocked thapsigargin induced CDK5-p66Shc signalosome formation and prevented pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that thapsigargin initiated CDK5-p66Shc signalosome mediates the pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and myricetin protects the pancreatic beta cells through the inhibition of CDK5-p66Shc signalosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Institute of Medical Science, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Science, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Oner M, Lin E, Chen MC, Hsu FN, Shazzad Hossain Prince GM, Chiu KY, Teng CLJ, Yang TY, Wang HY, Yue CH, Yu CH, Lai CH, Hsieh JT, Lin H. Future Aspects of CDK5 in Prostate Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163881. [PMID: 31395805 PMCID: PMC6720211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a unique member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family. CDK5 is activated by binding with its regulatory proteins, mainly p35, and its activation is essential in the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and neurodegeneration. Recently, it has been reported that CDK5 plays important roles in regulating various biological and pathological processes, including cancer progression. Concerning prostate cancer, the androgen receptor (AR) is majorly involved in tumorigenesis, while CDK5 can phosphorylate AR and promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. Clinical evidence has also shown that the level of CDK5 is associated with the progression of prostate cancer. Interestingly, inhibition of CDK5 prevents prostate cancer cell growth, while drug-triggered CDK5 hyperactivation leads to apoptosis. The blocking of CDK5 activity by its small interfering RNAs (siRNA) or Roscovitine, a pan-CDK inhibitor, reduces the cellular AR protein level and triggers the death of prostate cancer cells. Thus, CDK5 plays a crucial role in the growth of prostate cancer cells, and AR regulation is one of the important pathways. In this review paper, we summarize the significant studies on CDK5-mediated regulation of prostate cancer cells. We propose that the CDK5–p35 complex might be an outstanding candidate as a diagnostic marker and potential target for prostate cancer treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Oner
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Chen
- Translational Cell Therapy Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ning Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | | | - Kun-Yuan Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Internal, Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Herng Yue
- Department of Surgery, Tung's Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung Medical University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
- Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Wang S, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, He X, Zhao X, Zhao H, Liu W. Roscovitine attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic mice through the TGF-β1/p38 MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Nakane T, Ido A, Higuchi T, Todaka H, Morisawa K, Nagamine T, Fukunaga K, Sakamoto S, Murao K, Sugiyama Y. Candidate plasticity gene 16 mediates suppression of insulin gene expression in rat insulinoma INS-1 cells under glucotoxic conditions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:189-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Karunakaran U, Elumalai S, Moon JS, Jeon JH, Kim ND, Park KG, Won KC, Leem J, Lee IK. Myricetin Protects Against High Glucose-Induced β-Cell Apoptosis by Attenuating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Inactivation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:192-205. [PMID: 30688049 PMCID: PMC6470101 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hyperglycemia has deleterious effects on pancreatic β-cell function and turnover. Recent studies support the view that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays a role in β-cell failure under hyperglycemic conditions. However, little is known about how CDK5 impair β-cell function. Myricetin, a natural flavonoid, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the effect of myricetin on high glucose (HG)-induced β-cell apoptosis and explored the relationship between myricetin and CDK5. METHODS To address this question, we subjected INS-1 cells and isolated rat islets to HG conditions (30 mM) in the presence or absence of myricetin. Docking studies were conducted to validate the interaction between myricetin and CDK5. Gene expression and protein levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers were measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Activation of CDK5 in response to HG coupled with the induction of ER stress via the down regulation of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2b (SERCA2b) gene expression and reduced the nuclear accumulation of pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) leads to β-cell apoptosis. Docking study predicts that myricetin inhibit CDK5 activation by direct binding in the ATP-binding pocket. Myricetin counteracted the decrease in the levels of PDX1 and SERCA2b by HG. Moreover, myricetin attenuated HG-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells and rat islets and reduce the mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) loss. CONCLUSION Myricetin protects the β-cells against HG-induced apoptosis by inhibiting ER stress, possibly through inactivation of CDK5 and consequent upregulation of PDX1 and SERCA2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Institute of Medical Science, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea.
| | - In Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
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Blood-based analysis of type-2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility genes identifies specific transcript variants with deregulated expression and association with disease risk. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1512. [PMID: 30728419 PMCID: PMC6365563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress by genome-wide association studies, the ability of genetic variants to conduce to the prediction or prognosis of type-2 diabetes (T2D) is weak. Expression analysis of the corresponding genes may suggest possible links between single-nucleotide polymorphisms and T2D phenotype and/or risk. Herein, we investigated the expression patterns of 24 T2D-susceptibility genes, and their individual transcript variants (tv), in peripheral blood of T2D patients and controls (CTs), applying RNA-seq and real-time qPCR methodologies, and explore possible associations with disease features. Our data revealed the deregulation of certain transcripts in T2D patients. Among them, the down-regulation of CAPN10 tv3 was confirmed as an independent predictor for T2D. In patients, increased expression of CDK5 tv2, CDKN2A tv3 or THADA tv5 correlated positively with serum insulin levels, of CDK5 tv1 positively with % HbA1c levels, while in controls, elevated levels of TSPAN8 were associated positively with the presence of T2D family history. Herein, a T2D-specific expression profile of specific transcripts of disease-susceptibility genes is for the first time described in human peripheral blood. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the potential of these molecules to serve as disease biomarkers.
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Wei FY, Tomizawa K. tRNA modifications and islet function. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20 Suppl 2:20-27. [PMID: 30230180 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and accurate protein translation is essential to producing insulin in pancreatic β-cells. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is known as the key component of the protein translational machinery. Interestingly, tRNA contains a wide variety of chemical modifications, which are posttranscriptionally catalysed by tRNA modifying enzymes. Recent advances in genome-sequencing technology have unveiled a number of genetic variations that are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Some of these mutations are located in the genes of tRNA modifying enzymes. Using cellular and animal models, it has been showed that dysregulation of tRNA modification impairs protein translation in pancreatic β-cells and leads to aberrant insulin production. In this review, we discuss the recent findings in the molecular functions of tRNA modifications and their involvement in the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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FTO, GCKR, CDKAL1 and CDKN2A/B gene polymorphisms and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:705-715. [PMID: 30074065 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies had examined the associations between genetic polymorphisms and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, conclusions of these studies were controversial due to the smaller sample size and limited statistical power. We carried out a meta-analysis with the aim of providing a more comprehensive summary of the currently available research to evaluate the relationship between FTO, GCKR, CDKAL1 and CDKN2A/B gene polymorphisms and GDM risk. METHODS Literature search was carried out in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wangfang databases up to November 2017. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and statistical analyses were performed with STATA software. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Z test to assess the association between genetic polymorphisms and GDM risk. Stratified analysis was performed based on ethnicity. Heterogeneity and publication bias between studies were evaluated by Cochran's Q test and Egger regression test, respectively. RESULTS 14 eligible studies were included. CDKAL1 rs7754840 and rs7756992 showed significant correlation with GDM risk under the allele, recessive, dominant, homozygote and heterozygote models. GCKR rs780094 and CDKN2A/B rs10811661 also showed the same association under the allele, recessive and heterozygote models. No associations between FTO rs9939609 and rs8050136, GCKR rs1260326 and GDM risk were found. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis showed that two SNPs in particular(rs7754840 and rs7756992 in CDKAL1) were very strongly associated with GDM risk. GCKR rs780094 and CDKN2A/B rs10811661 polymorphisms were moderately associated with GDM risk.
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Soltani G, Hatefi Z, Salehi AR, Khosravi S, Ghiasi MR, Teke K, Aminorroaya A, Salehi R. Pharmacogenomics of Sulfonylureas Response in Relation to rs7754840 Polymorphisms in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Regulatory Subunit-associated Protein 1-like (CDKAL1) Gene in Iranian Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:96. [PMID: 30050884 PMCID: PMC6036778 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_144_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sulfonylureas are important drugs of choice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is suggested that differential response to sulfonylureas from T2DM patients is under influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in some of the target genes. In spite of favorable therapeutic effects, sulfonylureas are associated with some adverse side effects such as microvascular complications and stroke, especially in older patients. Therefore, for T2DM patients who are getting less benefit, sulfonylureas should be avoided. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1) gene variation is reported to be associated with sulfonylureas effectiveness. Due to the inconsistency of available data regarding association of rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene with sulfonylureas response in T2DM patients, the present study is conducted. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one diabetic patients sensitive to sulfonylureas and 51 patients resistant to sulfonylureas treatment were recruited to this study. After extraction of DNA from patients' peripheral blood samples, rs7754840 single-nucleotide polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using MaeII (Tail) restriction enzyme. Results: Frequency of G allele in resistant group was more than sensitive group (71, 6% vs. 57, 8%). Regression analysis was shown significant association between GG genotype and higher risk of resistance to sulfonylureas treatment (odds ratio = 2.250 [95% confidential intervals: 1.010–5.012]; P = 0.046). Conclusion: Our data confirmed that genotypes of rs7754840 are significantly associated with sulfonylureas treatment response. rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene in combination with other clinicopathological findings would help to move towards personalized therapy of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goljahan Soltani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hatefi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharifeh Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moosa Rahimi Ghiasi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keimer Teke
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Centre, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Aminorroaya
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Amtul Z, Hill DJ, Arany EJ, Cechetto DF. Altered Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling in a Comorbid Rat model of Ischemia and β-Amyloid Toxicity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5136. [PMID: 29572520 PMCID: PMC5865153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and diabetes are vascular risk factors for the development of impaired memory such as dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease. Clinical studies have demonstrated that minor striatal ischemic lesions in combination with β-amyloid (Aβ) load are critical in generating cognitive deficits. These cognitive deficits are likely to be associated with impaired insulin signaling. In this study, we examined the histological presence of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) in anatomically distinct brain circuits compared with morphological brain damage in a co-morbid rat model of striatal ischemia (ET1) and Aβ toxicity. The results demonstrated a rapid increase in the presence of IGF-1 and IRS-1 immunoreactive cells in Aβ + ET1 rats, mainly in the ipsilateral striatum and distant regions with synaptic links to the striatal lesion. These regions included subcortical white matter, motor cortex, thalamus, dentate gyrus, septohippocampal nucleus, periventricular region and horizontal diagonal band of Broca in the basal forebrain. The alteration in IGF-1 and IRS-1 presence induced by ET1 or Aβ rats alone was not severe enough to affect the entire brain circuit. Understanding the causal or etiologic interaction between insulin and IGF signaling and co-morbidity after ischemia and Aβ toxicity will help design more effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zareen Amtul
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - David J Hill
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, and Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Edith J Arany
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David F Cechetto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
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Abstract
Selective abrogation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) activity is a highly promising strategy in cancer treatment. The atypical CDK, CDK5 has long been known for its role in neurodegenerative diseases, and is becoming an attractive drug target for cancer therapy. Myriads of recent studies have uncovered that aberrant expression of CDK5 contributes to the oncogenic initiation and progression of multiple solid and hematological malignancies. CDK5 is also implicated in the regulation of cancer stem cell biology. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge of CDK5 as a druggable target for cancer treatment. We also provide a detailed outlook of designing selective and potent inhibitors of this enzyme.
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GCK , GCKR , FADS1 , DGKB/TMEM195 and CDKAL1 Gene Polymorphisms in Women with Gestational Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2017; 41:372-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nikitin AG, Potapov VY, Brovkina OI, Koksharova EO, Khodyrev DS, Philippov YI, Michurova MS, Shamkhalova MS, Vikulova OK, Smetanina SA, Suplotova LA, Kononenko IV, Kalashnikov VY, Smirnova OM, Mayorov AY, Nosikov VV, Averyanov AV, Shestakova MV. Association of polymorphic markers of genes FTO, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian population. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3414. [PMID: 28717589 PMCID: PMC5511504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, CDKN2B, and FTO genes in the Russian population has not been well studied. In this study, we analysed the population frequencies of polymorphic markers of these genes. Methods The study included 862 patients with T2DM and 443 control subjects of Russian origin. All subjects were genotyped for 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes using real-time PCR (TaqMan assays). HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were used to measure insulin resistance and β-cell secretory function, respectively. Results The analysis of the frequency distribution of polymorphic markers for genes KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8 and CDKN2B showed statistically significant associations with T2DM in the Russian population. The association between the FTO gene and T2DM was not statistically significant. The polymorphic markers rs5219 of the KCNJ11 gene, rs13266634 of the SLC30A8 gene, rs10811661 of the CDKN2B gene and rs9465871, rs7756992 and rs10946398 of the CDKAL1 gene showed a significant association with impaired glucose metabolism or impaired β-cell function. Conclusion In the Russian population, genes, which affect insulin synthesis and secretion in the β-cells of the pancreas, play a central role in the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey G Nikitin
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor Y Potapov
- Clinic of New Medical Technologies "Archimedes", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Brovkina
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Dmitry S Khodyrev
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | - Olga K Vikulova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Irina V Kononenko
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga M Smirnova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Y Mayorov
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valery V Nosikov
- State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Averyanov
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V Shestakova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Khodyrev DS, Nikitin AG, Brovkin AN, Lavrikova EY, Lebedeva NO, Vikulova OK, Shamhalova MS, Shestakova MV, Mayorov MY, Potapov VA, Nosikov VV, Averyanov AV. The analysis of association between type 2 diabetes and polymorphic markers in the CDKAL1 gene and in the HHEX/IDE locus. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416110065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu NJ, Xiong Q, Wu HH, Li YL, Yang Z, Tao XM, Du YP, Lu B, Hu RM, Wang XC, Wen J. The association analysis polymorphism of CDKAL1 and diabetic retinopathy in Chinese Han population. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:707-12. [PMID: 27275426 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.05.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the contribution of CDKAL1 to the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese population. METHODS A case-control study was performed to investigate the genetic association between DR and polymorphic variants of CDKAL1 in Chinese Han population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A well-defined population with T2DM, consisting of 475 controls and 105 DR patients, was recruited. All subjects were genotyped for the genetic variant (rs10946398) of CDKAL1. Genotyping was performed by iPLEX technology. The association between rs10946398 and T2DM was assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis. RESULTS There were significant differences in C allele frequencies of rs10946398 (CDKAL1) between control and DR groups (45.06% versus 55.00%, P<0.05). The rs10946398 of CDKAL1 was found to be associated with the increased risk of DR among patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that rs10946398 of CDKAL1 is independently associated with DR in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qian Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yan-Liang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yan-Ping Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ren-Ming Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xuan-Chun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Osada UN, Sunagawa H, Terauchi Y, Ueda S. A Common Susceptibility Gene for Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated with Drug Response to a DPP-4 Inhibitor: Pharmacogenomic Cohort in Okinawa Japan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154821. [PMID: 27139004 PMCID: PMC4854407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between common type 2 susceptibility variants of CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1(CDKAL1) and therapeutic responses to anti-diabetic agents among patients with type 2 diabetes. Two SNPs (rs7754840: C>G, rs7756992: A>G) were genotyped via the Taqman PCR method. A total of 798 type 2 diabetic patients were included. HbA1c reduction after use of DPP-4 inhibitors for 3 months was significantly greater in patients with a risk allele for type 2 diabetes (GG -0.4%, CG -0.5%, CC -0.8%, p = 0.02 for rs7754840 and AA -0.4%, AG -0.5%, GG -0.8%, p = 0.01 for rs7756992). Linear regression analysis showed that per allele reductions of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) after 3 months were -0.10% for rs7754840 (p = 0.02) and -0.13% for rs7756992 (p = 0.0008) after adjusting for clinically influential covariates such as age, sex, BMI, duration of diabetes, baseline HbA1c and concomitant anti-diabetic agents. The results suggested that common variants of CDKAL1 are associated with therapeutic response to DPP-4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uru Nezu Osada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Okinawa Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Saiseikai Yokohama City Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, Okinawa Japan
- * E-mail:
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Xiao S, Zeng X, Fan Y, Su Y, Ma Q, Zhu J, Yao H. Gene Polymorphism Association with Type 2 Diabetes and Related Gene-Gene and Gene-Environment Interactions in a Uyghur Population. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:474-87. [PMID: 26873362 PMCID: PMC4755665 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association between 8 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 3 genetic loci (CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B and FTO) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a Uyghur population. MATERIAL AND METHODS A case-control study of 879 Uyghur patients with T2D and 895 non-diabetic Uyghur controls was conducted at the Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between 2010 and 2013. Eight SNPs in CDKAL1, CDKN2A/2B and FTO were analyzed using Sequenom MassARRAY®SNP genotyping. Factors associated with T2D were assessed by logistic regression analyses. Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions were analyzed by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction. RESULTS Genotype distributions of rs10811661 (CDKN2A/2B), rs7195539, rs8050136, and rs9939609 (FTO) and allele frequencies of rs8050136 and rs9939609 differed significantly between diabetes and control groups (all P<0.05). While rs10811661, rs8050136, and rs9939609 were eliminated after adjusting for covariates (P>0.05), rs7195539 distribution differed significantly in co-dominant and dominant models (P<0.05). In gene-gene interaction analysis, after adjusting for covariates the two-locus rs10811661-rs7195539 interaction model had a cross-validation consistency of 10/10 and the highest balanced accuracy of 0.5483 (P=0.014). In gene-environment interaction analysis, the 3-locus interaction model TG-HDL-family history of diabetes had a cross-validation consistency of 10/10 and the highest balanced accuracy of 0.7072 (P<0.001). The 4-locus interaction model, rs7195539-TG-HDL-family history of diabetes had a cross-validation consistency of 8/10 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in CDKN2A/2B and FTO, but not CDKAL1, may be associated with T2D, and alleles rs8050136 and rs9939609 are likely risk alleles for T2D in this population. There were potential interactions among CDKN2A/2B (rs10811661) - FTO (rs7195539) or FTO (rs7195539)-TG-HDL-family history of diabetes in the pathogenesis of T2D in a Uyghur population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiao
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yong Fan
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yinxia Su
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease in Xinjiang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Qi Ma
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease in Xinjiang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Hua Yao
- Center of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Diabetes, Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease in Xinjiang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
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Draney C, Hobson AE, Grover SG, Jack BO, Tessem JS. Cdk5r1 Overexpression Induces Primary β-Cell Proliferation. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:6375804. [PMID: 26788519 PMCID: PMC4691621 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6375804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased β-cell mass is a hallmark of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Islet transplantation as a method of diabetes therapy is hampered by the paucity of transplant ready islets. Understanding the pathways controlling islet proliferation may be used to increase functional β-cell mass through transplantation or by enhanced growth of endogenous β-cells. We have shown that the transcription factor Nkx6.1 induces β-cell proliferation by upregulating the orphan nuclear hormone receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3. Using expression analysis to define Nkx6.1-independent mechanisms by which Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 induce β-cell proliferation, we demonstrated that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 (Cdk5r1) is upregulated by Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 but not by Nkx6.1. Overexpression of Cdk5r1 is sufficient to induce primary rat β-cell proliferation while maintaining glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Overexpression of Cdk5r1 in β-cells confers protection against apoptosis induced by etoposide and thapsigargin, but not camptothecin. The Cdk5 kinase complex inhibitor roscovitine blocks islet proliferation, suggesting that Cdk5r1 mediated β-cell proliferation is a kinase dependent event. Overexpression of Cdk5r1 results in pRb phosphorylation, which is inhibited by roscovitine treatment. These data demonstrate that activation of the Cdk5 kinase complex is sufficient to induce β-cell proliferation while maintaining glucose stimulated insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Draney
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Amanda E. Hobson
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Samuel G. Grover
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Benjamin O. Jack
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffery S. Tessem
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- *Jeffery S. Tessem:
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Lee JK, Kim K, Ahn Y, Yang M, Lee JE. Habitual coffee intake, genetic polymorphisms, and type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:595-601. [PMID: 25755232 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between coffee intake and type 2 diabetes may be modulated by common genetic variation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the association between habitual coffee intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes and to determine whether this association varied by genetic polymorphisms related to type 2 diabetes in Korean adults. DESIGN AND METHODS A population-based cohort study over a follow-up of 4 years was conducted. A total of 4077 Korean men and women aged 40-69 years with a normal glucose level at baseline were included. Coffee intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and incident type 2 diabetes or prediabetes was defined by oral glucose tolerance test or fasting blood glucose test. The genomic DNA samples were genotyped with the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 5.0, and nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to type 2 diabetes in East Asian populations were extracted. RESULTS A total of 120 cases of type 2 diabetes and 1128 cases of prediabetes were identified. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, we observed an inverse association, but without any clear linear trend, between coffee intake and the combined risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. We found that inverse associations between habitual coffee intake and the combined risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes were limited to those with the T-allele (GT/TT) of rs4402960 in IGF2BP2, those with the G-allele (GG/GC) of rs7754840 in CDKAL1, or those with CC of rs5215 in KCNJ11. CONCLUSION We found a lower risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes combined with coffee intake among individuals with the GT/TT of IGF2BP2 rs4402960, GG/GC of CDKAL1 rs7754840, or CC of KCNJ11 rs5215, which are known to be related to type 2 diabetes in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionSookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of KoreaBiostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology CenterSamsung Medical center, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-170, Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiovascular and Rare DiseaseNational Institute of Health, Centers of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Cell Fate controlCollege of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Department of Food and NutritionSookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of KoreaBiostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology CenterSamsung Medical center, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-170, Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiovascular and Rare DiseaseNational Institute of Health, Centers of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Cell Fate controlCollege of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Younjhin Ahn
- Department of Food and NutritionSookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of KoreaBiostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology CenterSamsung Medical center, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-170, Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiovascular and Rare DiseaseNational Institute of Health, Centers of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Cell Fate controlCollege of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihi Yang
- Department of Food and NutritionSookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of KoreaBiostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology CenterSamsung Medical center, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-170, Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiovascular and Rare DiseaseNational Institute of Health, Centers of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Cell Fate controlCollege of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionSookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of KoreaBiostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology CenterSamsung Medical center, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-170, Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiovascular and Rare DiseaseNational Institute of Health, Centers of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of KoreaResearch Center for Cell Fate controlCollege of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
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Translational implications of the β-cell epigenome in diabetes mellitus. Transl Res 2015; 165:91-101. [PMID: 24686035 PMCID: PMC4162854 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of glucose homeostasis that affects more than 24 million Americans and 382 million individuals worldwide. Dysregulated insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells plays a central role in the pathophysiology of all forms of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, an enhanced understanding of the pathways that contribute to β-cell failure is imperative. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in DNA transcription that occur in the absence of changes to the linear DNA nucleotide sequence. Recent evidence suggests an expanding role of the β-cell epigenome in the regulation of metabolic health. The goal of this review is to discuss maladaptive changes in β-cell DNA methylation patterns and chromatin architecture, and their contribution to diabetes pathophysiology. Efforts to modulate the β-cell epigenome as a means to prevent, diagnose, and treat diabetes are also discussed.
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Ghassibe-Sabbagh M, Haber M, Salloum AK, Al-Sarraj Y, Akle Y, Hirbli K, Romanos J, Mouzaya F, Gauguier D, Platt DE, El-Shanti H, Zalloua PA. T2DM GWAS in the Lebanese population confirms the role of TCF7L2 and CDKAL1 in disease susceptibility. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7351. [PMID: 25483131 PMCID: PMC5376673 DOI: 10.1038/srep07351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of multiple populations with distinctive genetic and lifestyle backgrounds are crucial to the understanding of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) pathophysiology. We report a GWAS on the genetic basis of T2DM in a 3,286 Lebanese participants. More than 5,000,000 SNPs were directly genotyped or imputed using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panels. We identify genome-wide significant variants in two loci CDKAL1 and TCF7L2, independent of sex, age and BMI, with leading variants rs7766070 (OR = 1.39, P = 4.77 × 10(-9)) and rs34872471 (OR = 1.35, P = 1.01 × 10(-8)) respectively. The current study is the first GWAS to find genomic regions implicated in T2DM in the Lebanese population. The results support a central role of CDKAL1 and TCF7L2 in T2DM susceptibility in Southwest Asian populations and provide a plausible component for understanding molecular mechanisms involved in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Haber
- Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Yasmine Akle
- Centre Hospitalier du Nord-CHN, Zgharta, Lebanon
| | - Kamal Hirbli
- 1] Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon [2] University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital (UMC-RH), Lebanon
| | - Jihane Romanos
- Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Francis Mouzaya
- Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | | | - Daniel E Platt
- Bioinformatics and Pattern Discovery, IBM T. J. Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Hgts, NY 10598, USA
| | - Hatem El-Shanti
- 1] Shafallah Medical Genetics Center, Doha, Qatar [2] University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Pierre A Zalloua
- 1] Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon [2] Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA 02215, USA
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Novel genomic signals of recent selection in an Ethiopian population. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 23:1085-92. [PMID: 25370040 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent feasibility of genome-wide studies of adaptation in human populations has provided novel insights into biological pathways that have been affected by adaptive pressures. However, only a few African populations have been investigated using these genome-wide approaches. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis for evidence of recent positive selection in a sample of 120 individuals of Wolaita ethnicity belonging to Omotic-speaking people who have inhabited the mid- and high-land areas of southern Ethiopia for millennia. Using the 11 HapMap populations as the comparison group, we found Wolaita-specific signals of recent positive selection in several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci. Notably, the selected loci overlapped with HLA regions that we previously reported to be associated with podoconiosis-a geochemical lymphedema of the lower legs common in the Wolaita area. We found selection signals in PPARA, a gene involved in energy metabolism during prolonged food deficiency. This finding is consistent with the dietary use of enset, a crop with high-carbohydrate and low-fat and -protein contents domesticated in Ethiopia subsequent to food deprivation 10 000 years ago, and with metabolic adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia. We observed novel selection signals in CDKAL1 and NEGR1, well-known diabetes and obesity susceptibility genes. Finally, the SLC24A5 gene locus known to be associated with skin pigmentation was in the top selection signals in the Wolaita, and the alleles of single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1426654 and rs1834640 (SLC24A5) associated with light skin pigmentation in Eurasian populations were of high frequency (47.9%) in this Omotic-speaking indigenous Ethiopian population.
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Idowu MA. Cyclin-Dependent Kinases as Drug Targets for Cell Growth and Proliferation Disorders. A Role for Systems Biology Approach in Drug Development. Part II—CDKs as Drug Targets in Hypertrophic Cell Growth. Modelling of Drugs Targeting CDKs. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2011.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Li YY, Wang LS, Lu XZ, Yang ZJ, Wang XM, Zhou CW, Xu J, Qian Y, Chen AL. CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 62,567 subjects. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3131. [PMID: 24185407 PMCID: PMC3816287 DOI: 10.1038/srep03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1) gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the individual studies results are still controversial. To explore the association of CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism with T2DM, a meta-analysis involving 62,567 subjects from 21 separate studies was conducted. In the whole population, a significant association was found between CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism and T2DM under allelic (OR: 1.180, 95% CI: 1.130–1.230, P = 1.60 × 10−14), recessive (OR: 1.510, 95% CI: 1.380–1.660, P = 8.41 × 10−18), dominant (OR: 1.175, 95% CI: 1.109–1.246, P = 6.30 × 10−8), homozygous (OR: 1.400, 95% CI: 1.282–1.530, P = 8.02 × 10−14), and heterozygous genetic models (OR: 1.101, 95% CI: 1.040–1.166, P = 0.001). CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism was significantly associated with T2DM. The person with G allele of CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism might be predisposed to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-yan Li
- Department of geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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42
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Zheng YL, Li C, Hu YF, Cao L, Wang H, Li B, Lu XH, Bao L, Luo HY, Shukla V, Amin ND, Pant HC. Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) inhibits Cdk5/p25 activity induced by high glucose in pancreatic beta cells and recovers insulin secretion from p25 damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63332. [PMID: 24039692 PMCID: PMC3764143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdk5/p25 hyperactivity has been demonstrated to lead to neuron apoptosis and degenerations. Chronic exposure to high glucose (HG) results in hyperactivity of Cdk5 and reduced insulin secretion. Here, we set out to determine whether abnormal upregulation of Cdk5/p25 activity may be induced in a pancreatic beta cell line, Min6 cells. We first confirmed that p25 were induced in overexpressed p35 cells treated with HG and increased time course dependence. Next, we showed that no p25 was detected under short time HG stimulation (4–12 hrs), however was detectable in the long exposure in HG cells (24 hrs and 48 hrs). Cdk5 activity in the above cells was much higher than low glucose treated cells and resulted in more than 50% inhibition of insulin secretion. We confirmed these results by overexpression of p25 in Min6 cells. As in cortical neurons, CIP, a small peptide, inhibited Cdk5/p25 activity and restored insulin secretion. The same results were detected in co-infection of dominant negative Cdk5 (DNCdk5) with p25. CIP also reduced beta cells apoptosis induced by Cdk5/p25. These studies indicate that Cdk5/p25 hyperactivation deregulates insulin secretion and induces cell death in pancreatic beta cells and suggests that CIP may serve as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
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Haney S, Zhao J, Tiwari S, Eng K, Guey LT, Tien E. RNAi screening in primary human hepatocytes of genes implicated in genome-wide association studies for roles in type 2 diabetes identifies roles for CAMK1D and CDKAL1, among others, in hepatic glucose regulation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64946. [PMID: 23840313 PMCID: PMC3688709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have described a large number of new candidate genes that contribute to of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). In some cases, small clusters of genes are implicated, rather than a single gene, and in all cases, the genetic contribution is not defined through the effects on a specific organ, such as the pancreas or liver. There is a significant need to develop and use human cell-based models to examine the effects these genes may have on glucose regulation. We describe the development of a primary human hepatocyte model that adjusts glucose disposition according to hormonal signals. This model was used to determine whether candidate genes identified in GWA studies regulate hepatic glucose disposition through siRNAs corresponding to the list of identified genes. We find that several genes affect the storage of glucose as glycogen (glycolytic response) and/or affect the utilization of pyruvate, the critical step in gluconeogenesis. Of the genes that affect both of these processes, CAMK1D, TSPAN8 and KIF11 affect the localization of a mediator of both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis regulation, CRTC2, to the nucleus in response to glucagon. In addition, the gene CDKAL1 was observed to affect glycogen storage, and molecular experiments using mutant forms of CDK5, a putative target of CDKAL1, in HepG2 cells show that this is mediated by coordinate regulation of CDK5 and PKA on MEK, which ultimately regulates the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, a critical step in the insulin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Haney
- Target Generation Unit, Pfizer Research Technology Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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Men X, Peng L, Wang H, Zhang W, Xu S, Fang Q, Liu H, Yang W, Lou J. Involvement of the Ca2+-responsive transactivator in high glucose-induced β-cell apoptosis. J Endocrinol 2013; 216:231-43. [PMID: 23160962 DOI: 10.1530/joe-12-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-regulated transcription coactivator, Ca(2)(+)-responsive transactivator (CREST) was expressed in pancreatic β-cells. Moreover, CREST expression became significantly increased in pancreatic islets isolated from hyperglycemic Goto-Kakizaki rats compared with normoglycemic Wistar controls. In addition, culture of β-cells in the presence of high glucose concentrations also increased CREST expression in vitro. To further investigate the role of this transactivator in the regulation of β-cell function, we established a stable β-cell line with inducible CREST expression. Hence, CREST overexpression mimicked the glucotoxic effects on insulin secretion and cell growth in β-cells. Moreover, high glucose-induced apoptosis was aggravated by upregulation of the transactivator but inhibited when CREST expression was partially silenced by siRNA technology. Further investigation found that upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl2 was indeed induced by its expression, especially under high glucose conditions. In addition, as two causing factors leading to β-cell apoptosis under diabetic conditions, endoplasmic reticulum stress and high free fatty acid, mimicked the high glucose effects on CREST upregulation and generation of apoptosis in β-cells, and these effects were specifically offset by the siRNA knockdown of CREST. These results indicated that CREST is implicated in β-cell apoptosis induced by culture in high glucose and hence that CREST may become a potential pharmacological target for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Men
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, People's Republic of China
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45
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Luo G, Kong X, Lu L, Xu X, Wang H, Ma X. Glucagon-like peptide 1 potentiates glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion via stimulation of cAMP-PKA signaling in INS-1E cells and mouse islets. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 45:483-90. [PMID: 23220045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-enhanced insulin secretion is mainly mediated by cAMP-PKA and cAMP-Epac2 signaling pathways at physiological glucose concentrations. However the cellular mechanisms underlying the insulinotropic action of GLP-1 at glucotoxicity remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of GLP-1 on glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion and explored the roles of these two cAMP-linked pathways in mediating the effects of GLP-1 under glucotoxic conditions. Consistent with the previous reports, exposure of INS-1E cells and mouse islets to 30 mM glucose for 72 h almost abolished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Addition of 10nM GLP-1 significantly increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This was not due to a protective effect of GLP-1 against glucotoxicity-induced apoptosis but instead improvement of the secretory capacity of the insulin-secreting β-cells. It is of note that GLP-1 preferentially increased the expression and activity of PKA, whereas had no effects on Epac2 at high glucose. In correlation with the observations, treatment of INS-1E cells with the specific PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS completely abolished the insulinotropic action of GLP-1, whereas knock-down of Epac2 did not interfere the effects of GLP-1. Moreover, GLP-1 did not increase further insulin secretion in the presence of the PKA agonist 6-Bnz-cAMP-AM. By contrast, it produced additional enhancement of insulin secretion when Epac2 was maximally stimulated by its selective agonist 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-AM. Taken together, our results suggest that GLP-1 potentiates glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion mainly through cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochun Luo
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Centre, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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46
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Mao H, Li Q, Gao S. Meta-analysis of the relationship between common type 2 diabetes risk gene variants with gestational diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45882. [PMID: 23029294 PMCID: PMC3454322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association of common type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, these studies have yielded contradictory results. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between these polymorphisms and GDM, hence achieve a better understanding to the relationship between T2D and GDM. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, ISI web of science and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. Data were abstracted independently by two reviewers. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between 9 polymorphisms from 8 genes and susceptibility to GDM. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Heterogeneity among articles and their publication bias were also tested. RESULTS We identified 22 eligible studies including a total of 10,336 GDM cases and 17,445 controls. We found 8 genetic polymorphisms were significantly associated with GDM in a random-effects meta-analysis. These polymorphisms were in or near the following genes: TCF7L2 (rs7903146), MTNR1B (rs10830963), IGF2BP2 (rs4402960), KCNJ11 (rs5219), CDKAL1 (rs7754840), KCNQ1 (rs2237892 and rs2237895) and GCK (rs4607517); while no association was found for PPARG with GDM risk. Similar results were also observed under dominant genetic model for these polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis found 8 genetic variants associated with GDM. The relative contribution and relevance of the identified genes in the pathogenesis of GDM should be the focus of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Mao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qidong People's Hospital, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qidong People's Hospital, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Gao
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Martin D, Allagnat F, Gesina E, Caille D, Gjinovci A, Waeber G, Meda P, Haefliger JA. Specific silencing of the REST target genes in insulin-secreting cells uncovers their participation in beta cell survival. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45844. [PMID: 23029270 PMCID: PMC3447792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of the transcriptional repressor RE-1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) in insulin-secreting beta cells is a major cue for the specific expression of a large number of genes. These REST target genes were largely ascribed to a function of neurotransmission in a neuronal context, whereas their role in pancreatic beta cells has been poorly explored. To identify their functional significance, we have generated transgenic mice expressing REST in beta cells (RIP-REST mice), and previously discovered that REST target genes are essential to insulin exocytosis. Herein we characterized a novel line of RIP-REST mice featuring diabetes. In diabetic RIP-REST mice, high levels of REST were associated with postnatal beta cell apoptosis, which resulted in gradual beta cell loss and sustained hyperglycemia in adults. Moreover, adenoviral REST transduction in INS-1E cells led to increased cell death under control conditions, and sensitized cells to death induced by cytokines. Screening for REST target genes identified several anti-apoptotic genes bearing the binding motif RE-1 that were downregulated upon REST expression in INS-1E cells, including Gjd2, Mapk8ip1, Irs2, Ptprn, and Cdk5r2. Decreased levels of Cdk5r2 in beta cells of RIP-REST mice further confirmed that it is controlled by REST, in vivo. Using siRNA-mediated knock-down in INS-1E cells, we showed that Cdk5r2 protects beta cells against cytokines and palmitate-induced apoptosis. Together, these data document that a set of REST target genes, including Cdk5r2, is important for beta cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martin
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florent Allagnat
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Gesina
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Faculté des Sciences de la Vie, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Caille
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Asllan Gjinovci
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Meda
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
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Increased Cdk5/p35 activity in the dentate gyrus mediates depressive-like behaviour in rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2012; 15:795-809. [PMID: 21682945 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145711000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most pervasive and debilitating psychiatric diseases, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of depression have not been elucidated. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) has been implicated in synaptic plasticity underlying learning, memory, and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, whether Cdk5 participates in the development of depressive diseases has not been examined. Using the chronic mild stress (CMS) procedure, we examined the effects of Cdk5/p35 activity in the hippocampus on depressive-like behaviour in rats. We found that CMS increased Cdk5 activity in the hippocampus, accompanied by translocation of neuronal-specific activator p35 from the cytosol to the membrane in the dentate gyrus (DG) subregion. Inhibition of Cdk5 in DG but not in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) or CA3 hippocampal subregions inhibited the development of depressive-like symptoms. Overexpression of p35 in DG blocked the antidepressant-like effect of venlafaxine in the CMS model. Moreover, the antidepressants venlafaxine and mirtazapine, but not the antipsychotic aripiprazole, reduced Cdk5 activity through the redistribution of p35 from the membrane to the cytosol in DG. Our results showed that the development of depressive-like behaviour is associated with increased Cdk5 activity in the hippocampus and that the Cdk5/p35 complex plays a key role in the regulation of depressive-like behaviour and antidepressant actions.
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Genetic variants on chromosome 6p21.1 and 6p22.3 are associated with type 2 diabetes risk: a case-control study in Han Chinese. J Hum Genet 2012; 57:320-5. [PMID: 22437209 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2012.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21.1 and 6p22.3 as type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility loci in the European and Japanese populations. However, these SNPs have not been well evaluated in Chinese population. Here, we performed a case-control study with 2925 T2D cases and 3281 controls in a Chinese population. We used TaqMan OpenArray and Sequenom MassARRAY to genotype the four SNPs (rs4712523, rs7756992, rs4712524 and rs6931514) in CDKAL1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1) at 6p22.3 and one SNP (rs9472138) near vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) at 6p21.1. All the five SNPs were significantly associated with T2D risk with overall effects (odds ratio, OR) from 1.19 to 1.29 in the additive genetic model (rs6931514: OR=1.29, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)=1.19-1.39, P=5.6 × 10(-10); rs7756992: OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.15-1.32, P=1.2 × 10(-8); rs4712523: OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.15-1.35, P=3.8 × 10(-8); rs4712524: OR=1.24, 95% CI=1.15-1.35, P=6.8 × 10(-8); rs9472138: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.05-1.34, P=006). Conditional analysis identified two independent signals (rs6931514 at 6p22.3 and rs9472138 at 6p21.1) that were significantly associated with T2D. Compared with the wild homozygote of rs6931514 and rs9472138, subjects with variant alleles of the two SNPs had increased risk for T2D susceptibility in a dose-response manner (P(trend)=7.4 × 10(-12)). Our findings indicated that genetic variants of CDKAL1 and VEGFA on chromosome 6 may contribute to T2D risk in Chinese population, especially for rs9472138 at 6p21.1 identified for the first time to significantly increase the T2D risk in Chinese individuals.
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50
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Volkmar M, Dedeurwaerder S, Cunha DA, Ndlovu MN, Defrance M, Deplus R, Calonne E, Volkmar U, Igoillo-Esteve M, Naamane N, Del Guerra S, Masini M, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Cnop M, Eizirik DL, Fuks F. DNA methylation profiling identifies epigenetic dysregulation in pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetic patients. EMBO J 2012; 31:1405-26. [PMID: 22293752 PMCID: PMC3321176 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to genetic predisposition, environmental and lifestyle factors contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Epigenetic changes may provide the link for translating environmental exposures into pathological mechanisms. In this study, we performed the first comprehensive DNA methylation profiling in pancreatic islets from T2D and non-diabetic donors. We uncovered 276 CpG loci affiliated to promoters of 254 genes displaying significant differential DNA methylation in diabetic islets. These methylation changes were not present in blood cells from T2D individuals nor were they experimentally induced in non-diabetic islets by exposure to high glucose. For a subgroup of the differentially methylated genes, concordant transcriptional changes were present. Functional annotation of the aberrantly methylated genes and RNAi experiments highlighted pathways implicated in β-cell survival and function; some are implicated in cellular dysfunction while others facilitate adaptation to stressors. Together, our findings offer new insights into the intricate mechanisms of T2D pathogenesis, underscore the important involvement of epigenetic dysregulation in diabetic islets and may advance our understanding of T2D aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Volkmar
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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